2023-2024学年湖南省长沙市第一中学高三上学期第二次月考英语试题含答案

这是一份2023-2024学年湖南省长沙市第一中学高三上学期第二次月考英语试题含答案，文件包含湖南省长沙市第一中学2023-2024学年高三上学期第二次月考英语试题原卷版docx、湖南省长沙市第一中学2023-2024学年高三上学期第二次月考英语试题解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共42页， 欢迎下载使用。
时量：120分钟 满分：150分
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）略
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
“Unfrtunately, 85 percent f what makes us attractive r less t msquites(蚊子) is hardwired in ur genetic circuit bard,” says Winegard, authr f The Msquit: A Human Histry f Our Deadliest Predatr. Still, there are ways t utsmart summer’s mst annying party crashers, especially if all yu want is t enjy an evening n yur pati (露台).
Knw yur bld type
Only female msquites feed n humans, and fr gd reasn: The prteins in yur bld help them grw and mature their eggs. “She’s just being a gd mm,” Wineguard says. “Peple with bld type O are her tp f chice. They get bitten twice as much as peple with bld type A, with bld type B falling in between.”
Stay cl
“Msquites hunt by bth smell and sight,” Wineguard says. “They can smell the carbn dixide and see the heat signature f their target.” Aviding alchl can keep yur bdy temperature lwer— making yu harder t find — s cnsider chsing a ccktail instead.
Wear light clrs
Aviding dark clthing can als keep yu cler, but that’s nt the nly reasn it may ffer relief. Msquites, like many biting flies, are attracted t darker clrs. The thinking behind this is that the animals they typically feed upn are larger, dark-bdied mammals(哺乳动物).
Get rid f standing water
Even a glass f drinking water left n the deck can becme a breeding grund fr msquit eggs — and mther msquites lay abut 100 eggs at a time. “They dn’t need very much at all t breed. It can be a backyard ty like a truck that has a bit f water in it, r a crushed pp can,” says Winegard. If yu get rid f it, they’ll g smewhere else t lay their eggs.
1. What’s the intentin f this text?
A. T intrduce a new bk.B. T ffer prfessinal tips.
C. T analyze a study f insects.D. T suggest thrwing a party.
2. Why des a female msquit feed n human bld?
A. T hatch mre eggs.B. T raise a large family.
C. T identify bld types.D. T fully develp her bdy.
3. What can we learn abut msquites accrding t Winegard?
A. They can trace the smell f alchl.B. They have energy-lcating abilities.
C. They feed ff dark-bdied animals.D. They need abundant water t breed.
B
The Malaysian actress, Michelle Yeh, 60, shared sme wisdm with the American Film Institute’s newest graduating class in a speech as she accepted an hnrary dctrate f fine arts at the class f 2022 graduatin ceremny.
She recalled her early years in the industry. After an injury dashed her dreams f ging int ballet, Yeh bunced back at a gym where several stuntmen (特技替身演员) trained and ended up learning sme tricks f the trade frm them.
“The first thing they taught me what t d was t tuck and rll, then hw t fall n my side, and then hw t fall n my back. And after a while, it dawned n me that they were teaching me hw t fall,” she recalled. “And they said t me, ‘Hw are yu ging t g up if yu dn’t knw hw t cme dwn?’” “That lessn sticks with me t this day. I had t learn hw t fall. Well, yu culd say I learned it in my bnes, literally,” Yeh added.
The actress mentined jumping ff a 20-ft highway verpass fr ne stunt, in which she ver-rtated (旋转), causing her back t fld in half and a stunt went wrng. “I didn’t land prperly, but I cmpleted the scene,” she said.
“These mments taught me perseverance, curage and humility,” she said. “They als taught me t hne my skills and eventually prgress t the pint where I was running n rftps and jumping nt mving trains. I’m nt asking yu all t d that, kay? What I want t share with yu tday is that ur slips and stumbles(绊跌)are the secrets t ur flight. Trust me, that’s part f the deal. Success withut failure is called luck. It cannt really be repeated r relied upn. It is frm failure that we learn and grw,” Yeh cntinued.
The Crazy Rich Asians star cncluded her speech: “Be curageus, take chances, break barriers, be prud f what makes yu unique.” “And mst imprtantly, dn’t be afraid t fall, fr yu are learning t fly,” Yeh said.
4. What can we learn abut Michelle Yeh frm the first tw paragraphs?
A. She was tricked by several stuntmen.
B. She was passinate abut wrking ut in a gym.
C. She wn a dctr’s degree in fine arts despite her ld age.
D. She was terribly defeated by an injury and discuraged in her early years.
5. What lessn did Michelle Yeh learn frm the stuntmen?
A. Gd helps thse wh help themselves.
B. Misfrtune might be a blessing in disguise.
C. Successful peple are learning experiences with thers.
D. The greatest glry is nt in never falling, but in rising every time we fall.
6. What des the underlined wrd “hne”in paragraph 5 mean?
A. Believe.B. Sharpen.C. Restre.D. Dminate.
7. What are the keys t ur success accrding t the text?
A. Mistakes and failure.B. Luck and humility.
C. Curage and pride.D. Opprtunities and skills.
C
“It’s a natural questin,”Dr. Hlt-Lunstad said the “ideal”number f friends. “Just like we have guidelines and recmmendatins fr the amunt f sleep we get and hw physically active we are, this is health relevant.” While she and ther friendship researchers admit there aren’t many studies that have specifically tackled the questin f hw many friends peple shuld aim fr, thse that have been dne ffer a range.
Dr. Degges-white recently cnducted a survey f 297 adults, which has nt been published r subject t peer review but fund that 55 percent f participants believed tw t three clse friends was ideal, while 31 percent thught fur t six was was the gal. But friendship and intimacy are subjective, and there isn’t a widely used scale researchers share t define thse cncepts acrss studies. It’s als unclear hw scial media factrs int all f this, as research suggests the size f a persn’s nline netwrk may nt have any meaningful impact n their perceived well-being.
While friendship research ffers sme standards, it may be mre useful fr mst f us t cnsider if yu need mre friends. Dr. Marisa Franc recmmends starting with a fairly bvius but pwerful questin: D I feel lnely? “Als, different peple bring ut different parts f us. S when yu have a larger friend grup, yu’re able t experience this side f yurself that lves glf, and this side that lves cars,” she added. “If yu feel like yur identity has srt f shrunk, r yu’re nt feeling quite like yurself, that might indicate yu need different types f friends.”
Of curse, making friends in adulthd isn’t always easy. Research shws peple struggle with it because they find it difficult t trust new peple. Fr thse reasns, it is ften easier t start by reawakening ld relatinships. The amunt f time yu actually spend with yur friends matters, t. Franc suggests that n average, very clse friendships tend t take arund 200 hurs t develp. But spending time with friends yu feel ambivalent (情绪复杂的) abut — because they’re unreliable, critical, cmpetitive r any f the many reasns peple get under ur skin — can be bad fr yur health.
8. Which statement wuld Dr. Hlt-Lunstad prbably agree with?
A. Healthy friendships cntribute t quality sleep.
B. There have been guidelines fr making friends.
C. Tw t six clse friends may be the mst ideal.
D. Friendships can be crucial factr in well-being.
9. Hw was Dr. Degges-White’s survey?
A. It summarized the statistics in previus studies.
B. It set standards n the exact number f friends.
C. It distinguished between friendship and intimacy.
D. It dismissed the influences f scial media factrs.
10. Accrding t Franc, yu have t make new friends if _________.
A. yur friend circle is large enughB. yu have a wide range f hbbies
C. yur persnal identities are restrictedD. yu lead an unhappy adulthd life
11. What matters in maintaining clse friendships accrding t Franc?
A. Quantities f time.B. Meeting frequency.
C. Yur healthy mds.D. Persnalities f friends.
D
Many rbts track bjects by “sight” as they wrk with them, but ptical (视觉的) sensrs can’t take in an item’s entire shape when it’s in the dark r partially blcked frm view. Nw a new lw-cst technique lets a rbtic hand “feel” an unfamiliar bject’s frm — and skillfully handle it based n this infrmatin alne.
Rbticist, Xialng Wang in University f Califrnia, San Dieg and his team wanted t find ut if cmplex crdinatin (协调) culd be achieved in rbtics using nly simple tuch data. The researcher attached 16 cntact sensrs, each csting abut $12, t the palm and fingers f a fur -fingered rbt hand. These sensrs simply indicate if an bject is tuching the hand r nt. “While ne sensr desn’t catch much, a lt f them can help yu capture different aspects f the bject,” Wang says. In this case, the rbt’s task was t rtate (旋转) items placed in its palm.
The researchers first cnnected a large vlume f tuch data as a virtual rbt hand practiced rtating bjects, including ball. Using binary cntact infrmatin (“tuch” r “n tuch”) frm each sensr, the team built a cmputer mdel that determines an bject’s psitin at every step f the handling prcess and mves the fingers t rtate it smthly and stably.
Next they transferred this capability t perate a real rbt hand, which successfully manipulated (操纵) previusly unencuntered bjects such as apples, tmates, sup cans and rubber ducks. Transferring the cmputer mdel t the real wrld was relatively easy because the binary sensr data were s simple; the mdel didn’t rely n accurate measurements.
Digging int what the rbt hand perceives, Wang and his clleagues fund that it can re-create the entire bject’s frm frm tuch data, infrming its actins. He and his team are set t present thier handiwrk at an internatinal cnference called Rbtics: Science and Systems.
New Yrk University’s Lerrel Pint, wh studies rbts’ interactins with the real wrld, wnders whether the system wuld becme less effective at mre cmplicated tasks including pening a bttle cap. Wang’s grup aims t tackle mre cmplex mvements in future wrk as well as t add sensrs in places such as the sides f the fingers. The researchers will als try adding visin t imprve tuch data fr handling cmplicated shapes.
12. What may cntribute t the ineffectiveness f the ptical sensrs?
A. Pr visibility.B. Blcked rads.
C. Cmplicated tasks.D. Inaccurate calculatin.
13. What d paragraphs 3-4 fcus n?
A. Stimulating the rbt fingers t mve the items steadily.
B. Increasing the precisin f tuch f the rbt hand.
C. Cmparing the cmputer wrld with the real circumstances.
D. Testing if tuch infrmatin can facilitate the frmatin f the bject shape.
14. What is the attitude f Lerrel Pint twards the system?
A. Neutral.B. Suspicius.
C. Favrable.D. Pessimistic.
15. What is the best title fr the text?
A. Rbtics: Science and System
B. New Rbt Rtates Items Skillfully
C. New Rbt Hand Wrks by Feel, Nt Sight
D. Frm the Cmputer Mdel t the Real Rbt Hand
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Which is mre imprtant fr peple, bk learning r experience? Sme have spent their lives studying and gradually acquiring valuable deep knwledge. They are afraid t start and d smething wrng. ___16___ They quickly start ding smething using learning beynd the bk, make mistakes, and learn frm this experience.
The debate between bk learning and experience has been ging n fr a lng time. There is n clear “right answer” yet, but there is strng evidence that experience gives us imprtant skills that can’t be learned in bks.
___17___ Of curse, reading the best bks n learning gives smene knwledge, but experience gives knw-hw. It cmes frm practicing again and again. Prfessinals can make themselves because they devte their wrk, practice, and time t btaining this psitin instead f managing t read bks nly. This distinguishes them frm all the thers.
Reading mre bks abut smething desn’t lead t success. Yu can acquire a lt f knwledge by reading, but there are als ways t accumulate knwledge thrugh experience. Knwledge is theretical, but experience is distinguished by the fact that yu can put int practice what yu have learned in a bk. ___18___
Bk learning t understand a cncept is imprtant. But if yu can’t understand the applicatin f the cncept in real time the cncept is useless. Experience allws yu t put the learned cncepts int practice. ____19____ Yu can’t effectively learn imprtant skills withut applying these cncepts t real life.
Certainly, the experience can lead t failure. But yu can als learn frm that failure and lead t success.___20___ Therefre, experience is yur greatest ally(盟友) in prfessinal develpment if yu want t understand the thery behind the cncept, becme an expert in this field, keep the technique in mind, and gain valuable insights thrugh failure.
A. In cntrast, thers dn’t wrry abut anything.
B. Yu can learn a lt frm bks n self-learning.
C. Of curse, with these cncepts, experience is acquired.
D. This is valuable knwledge that is nt fund in any bk.
E. It is als an pprtunity t test and challenge yur knwledge.
F. Thrugh experience yu can als learn hw t interact with peple.
G. Neither scientists nr dctrs have read bks nly and becme experts.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Grwing up in New Delhi, I saw Barbie as mre than just a dll. She was the central ______21______ in cuntless dramatic stries that I, like many ther girls, ______22______ n my bedrm flr.
As much as I lved Barbie, ur time tgether culd nly last s lng. Eventually, I grew ______23______ that I still played with my Barbie dlls while my middle-schl friends had all mved nt mre “mature” ______24______. Barbie became similar with being a fake, “plastic” girl, whse bright pink clthing ______25______ my friends and me.
By the tender age f 12, my friends and I had becme ______26______ all girlish things, and Barbie tpped ur list f items t grw ut f. Every ______27______ we tk up instead seemed either gender-neutral r traditinally masculine (男子气概). Fr a ______28______ perid I tk up watching ftball t lk cl (say exactly a mnth).
Lking back, I feel like we were missing the pint: Barbie was simply a blank canvas upn which t draw ur ideas. It was ur wn ______29______ that we had cme t abuse her fr wearing pink clthes and having blnd hair. That is why I appreciate the way the Barbie mvie is being _______30_______. The mvie _______31_______ and Barbie’s bright pink clrs are everywhere — there are 100 r mre c-brand prducts, and yu can get everything Barbie-pink frm sprts facilities t make-up and shes. In Malibu, there is a pink htel _______32_______ after Barbie’s pink Dream Huse.
In an interview, the directr Gerwig said the team had many meetings just t settle n the crrect _______33_______ f pink fr the mvie — ne that was beautiful but “nt t fashinable”, she said, “because when I was a little girl, I lved the pinkest, brightest things”, withut a hint f the _______34_______ that I and my peers had f Barbie all thse years ag, which wuld have been really imprtant t me as an adlescent girl wh ften felt _______35_______ in her femininity (女子气质).
21.
A. themeB. characterC. argumentD. cnflict
22.
A. assignedB. gatheredC. createdD. staged
23.
A. embarrassedB. satisfiedC. curiusD. aware
24.
A. peersB. hbbiesC. ladiesD. cmpanies
25.
A. invlvedB. caughtC. ffendedD. cnnected
26.
A. wrried abutB. passinate frC. cntent withD. dismissive f
27.
A. appintmentB. jurneyC. recreatinD. challenge
28.
A difficultB. cntempraryC. briefD. spare
29.
A. faultB. memryC. experienceD. selectin
30.
A. marketedB. capturedC. illustratedD. filmed
31.
A. settingsB. prmtinsC. resultsD. witnesses
32.
A. peratedB. managedC. rganizedD. mdeled
33.
A. symblB. designC. imageD. shade
34.
A. imaginatinB. judgmentC. ignranceD. appreciatin
35.
A. interruptedB. sympatheticC. unsettledD. familiar
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In China, alchl has a histry f mre than 4,000 years. Sme schlars believe that the technique fr making Chinese alchl ___36___ (rigin) in the Xia Dynasty.
In ancient China, since alchl was regarded as a sacred liquid, nly when peple made sacrificial fferings t Heaven and the Earth r ancestrs was ___37___ used. After the Zhu Dynasty, alchl ___38___ (accunt) ne f the Nine Rites (九礼), and every dynasty put great emphasis n alchl administratin t set up special ministries ___39___ (manage) alchl.
Chinese alchl can be classified int many types, and Chinese Baijiu and Huangjiu are the ___40___ (represent). Baiju, r “Shajiu”, is a Chinese distilled (蒸馏的) alchlic beverage made frm fermented (发酵的) grain. Huangjiu is made directly frm grain. Unlike Baijiu, Huangjiu is nt distilled, and is ___41___ (suit) fr daily drinking.
In ancient times, alchl was used as a stimulant and reward fr the army. The stimulating drink culd make cwards brave, cheer up ____42____ exhausted and raise the spirits f the army. Alchl als had a great impact n Chinese artists, many f them ____43____ (prduce) their peak-f-perfectin masterpieces right after drinking.
In mdern China, alchl remains its imprtant rle ___44___ many scial changes. It still appears in almst all scial activities, and the mst cmmn circumstances are birthday parties fr senirs, wedding feasts and sacrificial ceremnies, ___45___ alchl is the main drink t shw happiness r respect.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，你所在的国际学校图书馆就即将到来的读书节正在展开对 “Favurite Bk Genres fr This Year’s Reading Festival”的调查。请使用图表中的调查结果写一篇短文，内容包括：
1.调查结果；
2.喜爱理由；
3.相关建议。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.开头已经给出，不计入总词数；
3.请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。
Reprt n Favurite Bk Genres fr This Year’s Reading Festival
Accrding t the survey cnducted by ur library, the fllwing is an analysis f students’ favurite bk genres fr this year’s Reading Festival.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was the 2019 Natinal Senir Games in Albuquerque, New Mexic. I was there fr the 1,500-meter race. Yes, yu heard it right — fur times arund the track, 1,500 meters, at the age f 93.
In advance f the tugh race, we’d std baking in the sun fr at least an hur while the cmmittee gt the race walk rganized. We’d walked almst the full distance f the race getting registered and int psitin. We’d std in the sun listening t the directins: heel first, then shift weight t the ball f the ft.
There were frty-fur ther cntestants but nly tw in my age grup, ninety- t ninety-fur-year-ld wmen, s I was cunting n the brnze. I decided t keep my mind n “weight-n-the-heel, weight-n-the-ball-f-the-ft, g Jean g”.
As I passed the finish line fr the first time, my sn cheered and yelled, “G, Jean, g!” By the time I finished anther lap and passed the finish line a secnd time, ther peple sitting in the stands jined in. I yelled back, “Thanks!”
I was sn being passed by walkers frm ther age grups. As they went by, they said, “Yu can d it. Keep ging.”
I started getting the little red dts at the back f my eyes that signal lack f xygen. I kept blinking my eyes, trying t see. I passed the finish line a third time. I was n the last lap.
I tried t change my psture (姿势) t put the stress in a different place. My cane (拐棍) was having truble finding the grund. I was gasping (喘气) fr breath.
Tw judges came running tward me. “Dn’t give up,” ne f them said. “Yu’re ging t make it.” The ther tld me t mve ver a lane, which wuld be slightly shrter. My cane was having truble again. “The finish line isn’t far nw,” the judge said.
“Hw far?” I asked.
“Up there, that line f trees.”
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The last 100 meters felt like a marathn, but I was determined t finish the race.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
An hur later, I came t, surrunded by my sn and a dctr.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Genres
Prprtin
Bigraphies (人物传记)
≈ 55%
Plitical cmmentaries (评论)
≈ 58%
Classic literature
≈ 60%