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1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
笔试部分
一、阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
The Tang Dynasty, which lasted frm 618 t 907 AD, is ften cnsidered as China’s glden age. Indeed Chinese culture flurished under the Tang, and Tang pets are perhaps the best knwn f all Chinese literary figures.
The fllwing are fur schls f Tang petry. Take a lk.
Frntier Frtress Petry (边塞诗)
Ga Shi Cen Shen and Wang Changling are representatives f this petry. It mainly describes the hardship f the battlefield, heric spirit f defending the hmeland, r hmesickness f sldiers. Representative wrks include Over the Brcfer by Wang Changling, Sng f Write Snw n Secretary Wu’s Return t Capital by Cen Shen, etc.
Landscape Pastral Petry
The representatives f this schl are Wang Wei and Meng Haran. Many f its themes are muntains,cluds and hermits (隐士). Its style is simple and elegant. The representative wrks include Thinking f My Brthers n Muntain Climbing Day by Wang Wei, Spring Mrning by Meng and s n.
Rmantic Petry
Li Bai is a typical representative f rmantic petry, wh enjys the title f “Genius f Petry”. T express his desire fr freedm and persnal value, his petry is free and bld, with creative imaginatin. One f his mst famus pems is A Tranquil Night, which is abut hmesickness, included in many schl textbks.
Realistic Petry
Du Fu is knwn as the “Sage f Petry”. His pems are in a realistic art style with strng feelings f cmpassin and cncern fr the destiny (命运) f the cuntry. His wrks “Three Officials” and “Three Farewells” bth reflect peple’s sufferings at that time.
1. Wh is ne f the representatives f Frntier Frtress Petry?
A. Wang Wei.B. Cen Shen.
C. Li Bai.D. Du Fu.
2. Which pem is written by a rmantic pet?
A. Spring Mrning.
B. Over the Brder.
C. A Tranquil Night.
D. Thinking f My Brthers n Muntain Climbing Day.
3. Accrding t the passage, which statement is right?
A. Meng Haran is the representative f Rmantic Petry.
B. The Tang Dynasty lasted frm 608 t 917 AD.
C. Li Bai is knwn as the “Sage f Petry”.
D. “Three Farewells” reflects peple’s sufferings in the Tang Dynasty.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了唐诗的四个流派。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Frntier Frtress Petry (边塞诗)中Ga Shi, Cen Shen and Wang Changling are representatives f this petry.“高师、岑参、王长岭是这一诗派的代表人物。”由此可知，Cen Shen是边塞诗的代表人物之一。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Rmantic Petry中One f his mst famus pems is A Tranquil Night, which is abut hmesickness, included in many schl textbks.“他最著名的一首诗是《宁静的夜晚》，这是一首关于思乡的诗，很多学校的教科书里都有。”由此可知，A Tranquil Night这首诗是浪漫主义诗人写的。故选C。
3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Realistic Petry中的His wrks “Three Officials” and “Three Farewells” bth reflect peple’s sufferings at that time.他的作品“Three Officials”和“Three Farewells”都反映了当时人民的苦难。由此可知，“Three Farewells”反映了唐代人民的苦难。故选D。
【点睛】在细节考查题中有一类事实细节题 。该题属于细节类型的阅读理解题，一般只针对某个特定的细节，题型可以多种多样。此类题型一般分两种。第一种是直接理解题，在原文中可以直接找到答案。第二种是词义转换题，正确选项是原文有关词语和句子的转换。做此类试题一定要抓住事件发生的时间、地点、人物、发展过程和结局等环节，所选答案一定要符合原文，切不可望文生义。本题第3小题，根据Realistic Petry中的His wrks “Three Officials” and “Three Farewells” bth reflect peple’s sufferings at that time.他的作品“Three Officials”和“Three Farewells”都反映了当时人民的苦难。由此可知，“Three Farewells”反映了唐代人民的苦难。故选D。
B
Very early n in my senir year f high schl, my parents carried the flame f wrrying abut my future cllege. I was willing t g t a 2-year cllege befre ging after my bachelr, s degree. This was fr tw reasns—t help them save mney and t make sure I majr in English. Hwever, they insisted I attend a 4-year cllege right ff the bat.
I was pushed t start searching fr clleges therefre, nes that my parents apprved f and that were within the range f tuitin that my mm thught was acceptable. I was als limited t the immediate areas, which nly included New Yrk, Cnnecticut, Pennsylvania, and New Jersey, s I cannt apply fr any clleges in ne f my favrite places—New Hampshire.
I’ll be hnest. It gt a bit tense at times with several different pinins between my parents and me, and with ther family members r friends vicing their thughts t my parents.
In the end, I ended up applying fr three schls—SUNY Albany, SUNY New Paltz and Kutztwn University in Pennsylvania. I had been t New Paltz quite ften as it was nly 45 minutes away frm ur hme. And Kutztwn is lcated in an area ur family ften visited.
I was accepted by all three, and I quickly gave up Albany. I was nt impressed with the city and wasn’t familiar with the area. It was between New Paltz and Kutztwn. After a few weeks, I ended up settling n New Paltz because Kutztwn just didn’t “feel right” fr me. When I was n campus, I had a feeling that this was it.
Lking back nw, I wish I had knwn mre abut the applicatin prcess and had a little mre freedm f chice abut which cllege I culd apply fr. I prbably wuld still have attended SUNY New Paltz.
4. What did the authr’s parents think he shuld d?
A. Chse a cllege that culd prvide gd jbs.
B. G t a cmmunity cllege t save mney.
C. Chse a cllege that he liked best.
D. G t a 4-year cllege directly.
5. Why didn’t the authr chse clleges in New Hampshire?
A. He didnt like the place.
B. His situatin didn’t allw it.
C. The living expenses there were t high.
D. He wasn’t sure whether r nt he wuld fit in there.
6. Hw did the authr feel abut his final chice?
A. Embarrassed.B. Frightened.
C. Satisfied.D. Wrried.
7. What is the best title fr the text?
A. Hw I chse my cllegeB. Hw t apply fr a cllege
C. Different chices, different futureD. The meaning f attending cllege
【答案】4. D 5. B 6. C 7. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。这篇文章讲述作者是如何选择大学的。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句they insisted I attend a 4-year cllege right ff the bat.“他们一开始就坚持要我上四年制的大学。”由此可知，父母让他直接上四年制大学。故选D。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段I was pushed t start searching fr clleges therefre, nes that my parents apprved f and that were within the range f tuitin that my mm thught was acceptable. I was als limited t the immediate areas, which nly included New Yrk, Cnnecticut, Pennsylvania, and New Jersey, s I cannt apply fr any clleges in ne f my favrite places—New Hampshire.“因此，我被迫开始寻找我父母认可的、在我母亲认为可以接受的学费范围内的大学。我也被限制在附近的地区，只包括纽约、康涅狄格、宾夕法尼亚和新泽西，所以我不能申请我最喜欢的地方之一——新罕布什尔的任何大学。”由此判断出，作者没有选择新罕布什尔的大学是因为他的情况不允许这样。故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中After a few weeks, I ended up settling n New Paltz because Kutztwn just didn’t “feel right” fr me. When I was n campus, I had a feeling that this was it.“几周后，我最终选择了新帕尔茨，因为库茨敦对我来说“不太合适”。当我在学校的时候，我有一种就应该是这样的感觉。”由此推知，者对他最后的选择是“感到满意的”。故选C。
【7题详解】
标题判断题。根据第一段Very early n in my senir year f high schl, my parents carried the flame f wrrying abut my future cllege. I was willing t g t a 2-year cllege befre ging after my bachelr, s degree. This was fr tw reasns—t help them save mney and t make sure I majr in English. Hwever, they insisted I attend a 4-year cllege right ff the bat.“早在我高三的时候，我的父母就对我未来的大学生活忧心忡忡。在获得学士学位之前，我想上两年制的大学。这样做有两个原因:一是为了帮助他们省钱，二是为了确保我的专业是英语。然而，他们坚持要我马上去读四年制的大学。”以及最后一段“Lking back nw, I wish I had knwn mre abut the applicatin prcess and had a little mre freedm f chice abut which cllege I culd apply fr.”现在回想起来，我希望我对申请过程有更多的了解，对申请哪所大学有更多的自由选择。由此可知，短文的最佳标题诶是“我是如何选择大学的。”故选A。
【点睛】推理判断题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，做出一定的推理判断，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理判断题所涉及的内容可能是文中的某一句话，也可能是某几句话，所以，推理题的答案只能是根据原文表面文字信息一步推出的答案：即对原文某一句话或某几句话所作的同义改写或综合。推理判断题的题干中通常含infer,suggest,imply,cnclude indicate等标志性词语。本题第3小题，根据倒数第二段中After a few weeks, I ended up settling n New Paltz because Kutztwn just didn’t “feel right” fr me. When I was n campus, I had a feeling that this was it.“几周后，我最终选择了新帕尔茨，因为库茨敦对我来说“不太合适”。当我在学校的时候，我有一种就应该是这样的感觉。”由此推知，者对他最后的选择是“感到满意的”感觉。故选C。
C
Recently, the mst heated tpic f “which is the right bin fr my garbage” has swept China.
Shanghai is amng China’ s first cities t intrduce garbage classificatin (垃圾分类) and als the cuntry’s mst serius in its perfrming. Since July 1,2019, Shanghai residents have been required by law t srt garbage int fur different categries, r they culd face fines. Individuals, including turists, can be fined 200 yuan fr failing t srt their waste prperly, while cmpanies and institutins can be fined up t 50,000 yuan.
The gvernment has set up nline apps t handle srting questins, and annunced guidelines t address the “ne-size-fits-all” methd. The cuntry is abut t invest ver 21 billin yuan in the cnstructin f garbage prcessing facilities t meet demands. Nw it’s intrducing artificial intelligence int its waste management system, by setting up little cameras in many sets f bins.
Hwever, nt every face can be recgnized by the smart dustbin until yu register fr the system. Once registratin is cmplete, users will scan a QR cde n the bin, which then pens it up t allw fr garbage dispsal (处理). Nw, each husehld gets ne special QR cde fr thrwing ut waste. Here, the intelligent bins dn’t just calculate garbage weight, they als help residents gain rewards by cllecting pints thrugh the special app.
China is stepping int the age f cmpulsry garbage srting with its cities revising laws n garbage classificatin. Fr Shanghai, sixty percent f the city is expected t carry ut garbage srting by the end f 2019, and 90 percent by 2020. Garbage srting is, withut dubt, a cstly but wrthwhile endeavr. It is gd fr the envirnment and imprtant fr the cuntry’s sustainable develpment (可持续发展), and may finally turn ut t be a prmising industry as well.
8. What is the crrect rder in using smart garbage srting system?
① Gain rewards.
② Open up the bin
③ Register fr the system.
④ Scan a QR cde n the bin.
A. ③④②①B. ④②③①
C. ③①②④D. ④③②①
9. What des the underlined wrd “endeavr” in the last paragraph mean?
A. Effrt.B. Fashin.
C. Annuncement.D. Decisin.
10. What can we knw frm the text?
A. The intelligent bins can nly shw garbage weight.
B. Residents have t srt garbage int fur different categries in Shanghai.
C. If cmpanies frget t srt their waste, they can be fined 200 yuan.
D. Turists can avid being fined fr failing t srt their waste crrectly.
11. Why des ur cuntry push ahead with cmpulsry garbage srting?
A T build a garbage srting system.
B. T increase the use f artificial intelligence.
C. T prmte sustainable develpment f envirnment.
D. T supprt the cnstructin f garbage prcessing facilities.
【答案】8. A 9. A 10. B 11. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。最近，最热门的话题“哪个垃圾桶最适合我的垃圾”席卷了中国。在上海，居民必须把垃圾分成四类。我国要推行强制垃圾分类是为了促进环境的可持续发展。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段Hwever, nt every face can be recgnized by the smart dustbin until yu register fr the system. Once registratin is cmplete, users will scan a QR cde n the bin, which then pens it up t allw fr garbage dispsal (处理). Nw, each husehld gets ne special QR cde fr thrwing ut waste. Here, the intelligent bins dn’t just calculate garbage weight, they als help residents gain rewards by cllecting pints thrugh the special app.“然而，并不是每一张脸都能被智能垃圾桶识别，直到你注册了这个系统。注册完成后，用户将扫描垃圾桶上的二维码，然后打开垃圾桶进行垃圾处理。现在，每个家庭都有一个特殊的二维码来扔垃圾。在这里，智能垃圾桶不仅可以计算垃圾的重量，还可以通过这款特殊的应用，帮助居民通过积分获得奖励。”由此可知，使用智能垃圾分类系统的正确顺序是A项 ③④②①。故选A。
【9题详解】
词义猜测题。根据最后一段中Fr Shanghai, sixty percent f the city is expected t carry ut garbage srting by the end f 2019, and 90 percent by 2020.在上海，预计到2019年底，60%的城市将进行垃圾分类，到2020年，这一比例将达到90%。和It is gd fr the envirnment and imprtant fr the cuntry’s sustainable develpment (可持续发展), and may finally turn ut t be a prmising industry as well.“它对环境有好处，对国家的可持续发展也很重要，最终可能会成为一个有前途的行业。”由此推知，Garbage srting is, withut dubt, a cstly but wrthwhile endeavr.（毫无疑问，垃圾分类是一项成本高昂但值得努力的工作。）中的划线词的意思是“努力”。故选A。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中Since July 1,2019, Shanghai residents have been required by law t srt garbage int fur different categries, r they culd face fines.“自2019年7月1日起，上海居民被法律要求将垃圾分为四类，否则将面临罚款。”由此可知，在上海，居民必须把垃圾分成四类。故选B。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中It is gd fr the envirnment and imprtant fr the cuntry’s sustainable develpment (可持续发展), and may finally turn ut t be a prmising industry as well.“它对环境有好处，对国家的可持续发展也很重要，最终可能会成为一个有前途的行业。”由此判断出，我国要推行强制垃圾分类是为了促进环境的可持续发展。故选C。
D
(The New Yrk Times, Oct.7) The 2019 Nbel Prize in physilgy(生理学) r medicine was jintly awarded t three scientists — William G. Kaelin Jr., Peter J. Ratcliffe and Gregg L. Semenza — fr their wrk n hw cells sense and adapt t xygen availability. The Nbel Assembly annunced the prize at the Karlinska Institute in Stckhlm n Mnday.
Their wrk established the genetic mechanisms(机制) that allw cells t respnd t changes in xygen levels. The findings have implicatins(启示) fr treating a variety f diseases.
Why did they win?
“Oxygen is the lifebld f living rganisms(生物体),” said Dr. Gerge Daley, dean f Harvard Medical Schl. “Withut xygen, cells can’t survive.” But t much r t little xygen can be deadly. The three researchers tried t answer this questin: Hw d cells regulate their respnses?
The investigatrs uncvered detailed genetic respnses t changing xygen levels that allw cells in the bdies f humans and ther animals t sense and respnd t fluctuatins(波动), increasing and decreasing hw much xygen they receive.
Why is the wrk imprtant?
The discveries reveal the cellular mechanisms that cntrl such things as adaptatin t high altitudes and hw cancer cells manage t hijack(攫取) xygen. Randall Jhnsn, a member f the Nbel Assembly, described the wrk as a “textbk discvery” and said it wuld be smething students wuld start learning at the mst basic levels f bilgy educatin.
“This is a basic aspect f hw a cell wrks, and I think frm that standpint alne it’s a very exciting thing.” Jhnsn said.
The research als has implicatins fr treating varius diseases in which xygen is in shrt supply — including anemia, heart attacks and strkes — as well as fr treatment f cancers that are fed by and seek ut xygen.
12. This research has wn the Nbel Prize mainly because ____________.
A. there was n research f this kind in the past
B. xygen is the lifebld f living things
C. it has uncvered hw cells sense and respnd t changes in xygen levels
D. varius diseases will be cured with the help f the findings f the research
13. We can learn frm the passage that _____________.
A. The Nbel Prize was awarded t a physilgist n Mnday in Sweden.
B. Cancer cells manage t hijack xygen and need xygen t develp.
C. The mre xygen there is in bld, the healthier a living bdy will be.
D. The genetic mechanisms have been fund that allw xygen t adapt t cells.
14. Which f the fllwing can best explain the underlined wrd in the text?
A. used fr textbksB. pwerful and authritative
C. typical as a perfect exampleD. basic and clear
15. In which part f The New Yrk Times can yu find this article?
A. EntertainmentB. Culture
C. TechnlgyD. Science
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. C 15. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了2019年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖联合授予了三位科学家，他们发现了细胞如何感知并适应氧气变化的含量。这是一项具有开创性的发现，为抗击贫血、癌症和许多其他疾病的新策略铺平了道路。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中…fr their wrk n hw cells sense and adapt t xygen availability.（以表彰他们在细胞感知和适应氧气供应的适应性方面所做的工作。）可知这项研究之所以获得诺贝尔奖，主要是因为它揭示了细胞如何感知和响应氧气水平的变化。故选C。
13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中The discveries reveal the cellular mechanisms that cntrl such things as adaptatin t high altitudes and hw cancer cells manage t hijack(攫取) xygen.（这些发现揭示了细胞机制，这些机制控制着对高海拔环境的适应，以及癌细胞是如何攫取氧气的。）我们可以从文章中得知癌细胞设法攫取氧气并需要氧气来发育。故选B。
【14题详解】
词义猜测题。根据下文it wuld be smething students wuld start learning at the mst basic levels f bilgy educatin它将是学生在最基础的生物教育阶段就开始学习的东西，可知Randall Jhnsn称这项研究是很典型的发现，是“教科书式的发现”。故可知划线单词意思为“典型的”，故选C。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段(The New Yrk Times, Oct.7) The 2019 Nbel Prize in physilgy r medicine was jintly awarded t three scientists — William G. Kaelin Jr., Peter J. Ratcliffe and Gregg L. Semenza — fr their wrk n hw cells sense and adapt t xygen availability.（(《纽约时报》10月7日报道)2019年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖联合授予了三位科学家——William G. Kaelin Jr.、Peter J. Ratcliffe和Gregg L. Semenza，以表彰他们在细胞感知和适应氧气供应方面所做的工作。）以及文章的主要内容围绕他们的发现，可知你可以在《纽约时报》的科学版上找到这篇文章。故选D。
【点睛】词义猜测题是高考阅读理解中常考题型之一，可以大致分为
① 定义猜词，可以根据定义信息和举例猜测词义。如文中常用refer t，be called或that’s t say，such as等。
② 逻辑猜词可以根据同义词、反义词、因果关系词等猜测词义，例如，similarly,the same as,but,hwever,while,n the ther hand,since ,because等，所猜词与这些提示词前/后面部分的含义一样、相反或是前因后果。
③ 语法猜词，可以根据构词法，再结合上下文进行猜词。
④ 语境猜词，猜测词义离不开上下文的语境，通过上下文提供的情景和线索进行合理的分析，同时还要关注其所在的整段及整篇文章。
⑤ 指代猜词即找出人称代词、指示代词、关系代词或关系副词等所指代的内容，做题时要注意指代词的位置，以便于判断，然后用所找的指代内容替换划线代词，核实其逻辑、意义、位置等是否一致，最后比较所找部分与选项，确定意思最接近的选项。
如第三小题，根据下文it wuld be smething students wuld start learning at the mst basic levels f bilgy educatin它将是学生在最基础的生物教育阶段就开始学习的东西，可知Randall Jhnsn称这项研究是很典型的发现，是“教科书式的发现”。故可知划线单词意思为“典型的”，故选C。
第二节：（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Whether yu vlunteer at an animal shelter r in a hspital, vlunteering is a wnderful pprtunity t bring gd int the wrld and supprt yur cmmunity. There are a lt f different vlunteer pprtunities. ____16____ Here are sme tips n hw t be an even better vlunteer.
Vlunteer fr smething yu lve. ____17____ If yur passin is helping thse with cancer, vlunteer t raise mney fr research. If yu’re passinate abut imprving the envirnment, vlunteer t pick up trash in public places. Yur passin will keep yu mtivated, s put yur effrt int smething yu treasure.
____18____ Yu are prbably nt best suited fr directing traffic if yu are shy. Be respectful t thse rganizers, but let them knw yur strengths and shw them hw yur strengths can be beneficial in yur vlunteer wrk. Find the balance that brings yur talents t the table and really helps the rganizatin.
Be n time. This is a simple but imprtant idea. Think abut being late fr yur wrk; yur bss, cwrkers and custmers wuld be upset. The same applies t vlunteering. ____19____
Mix yur vlunteer jbs. If yu becme bred, it may be time fr a schedule change in yur life. ____20____ It is vlunteering, s yu aren’t stuck in ne place.
A. Offer what yu can d best.
B. Ask what’s expected f vlunteers.
C. S if such a thing des happen, just call and let them knw.
D. It desn’t matter what it is, but it des matter what yu like.
E. Therefre, everyne can find a vlunteering pprtunity that suits their skills and interests.
F. Hwever, yu will vlunteer lnger in an rganizatin that supprts a cause yu care abut.
G. Vlunteer n different days r ask fr different tasks t see what ther pprtunities are ut there.
【答案】16. E 17. D 18. A 19. C 20. G
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍一些如何成为更好的志愿者的建议。
【16题详解】
根据上文提示“有很多不同的志愿者机会。”再根据下文提示“这里有一些如何成为更好的志愿者的建议。”承接上下文，E项Therefre, everyne can find a vlunteering pprtunity that suits their skills and interests.（因此，每个人都可以找到一个适合自己技能和兴趣的志愿者机会。）切题。故选E。
【17题详解】
根据上文提示“自愿做你喜欢的事情。”承接上文，D项It desn’t matter what it is, but it des matter what yu like.（是什么并不重要，重要的是你喜欢什么。）切题。故选D。
【18题详解】
根据下文提示“如果你害羞，你可能不太适合指挥交通。要尊重这些组织者，但也要让他们知道你的长处，并向他们展示你的长处在志愿者工作中的益处。找到一种平衡，既能发挥你的才能，又能真正帮助公司。”承接下文，A项 Offer what yu can d best.（提供你能做到最好的。）
【19题详解】
根据上文提示“想想看，你上班迟到了;你的老板、同事和客户会不高兴。这同样适用于志愿活动。”承接上文，C项S if such a thing des happen, just call and let them knw.（所以如果真的发生了这样的事情，打电话让他们知道就好了。）切题。故选C。
【20题详解】
根据上文提示“如果你觉得无聊了，可能是时候改变一下你的生活了。”再根据下文提示“这是志愿者活动，所以你不会被困在一个地方。”承接上下文，G项Vlunteer n different days r ask fr different tasks t see what ther pprtunities are ut there.（在不同的日子做志愿者，或者要求完成不同的任务，看看还有什么其他的机会。）切题。故选G。
二、语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A，B，C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A beautiful indr ptted plant has been with us fr a lng time. It has ____21____ us thrugh tugh years and gd times. Sme days I thught it might live frever, but it ____22____.
The plant did well fr abut twenty years, but then began t ____23____. We watered it. We fed it. We ____24____ talked t it. But leaves and branches became lwer each day. We finally picked a few half-dead branches and ____25____ them in a small pt. One new small plant grew strng and healthy. But the ____26____ finally died. When we ____27____ it ut, we culd see why its ____28____ had grwn s massive (大量的；巨大的) that they threatened t ____29____ the sides f the pt that held them in.
Peple, t, ften _____30_____ they have utgrwn their envirnment, when they are cmmitted t persnal grwth and develpment and when they make the kinds f _____31_____ in their lives that lead t greater achievement and happiness.
I knw f a man wh was ffered a jb at a salary _____32_____ than he had ever made in his life. But after careful _____33_____, he refused the psitin. His wuld-be emplyer was amazed that he _____34_____ the ffer. “What’s the matter?” he asked. “Isn’t the salary big enugh?”
“The salary is fine,” the man said. “It’s the jb that, s nt big enugh.”
At ne time he culd have _____35_____ dne the wrk and enjyed the mney. But he knew the jb wuld nt _____36_____ him and held eventually becme _____37_____. He had utgrwn the jb that was ffered.
Persnal develpment needs a changing _____38_____ in which t live. Peple seek bigger challenges. Their views _____39_____. Their interests change. And they need peple in their lives wh will make rm fr their _____40_____.
21. A. directedB. accmpaniedC. fllwedD. disappinted
22. A. diedB. survivedC. imprvedD. develped
23. A. fldB. fadeC. spreadD. delay
24. A. evenB. justC. nlyD. never
25. A. remvedB. destryedC. plantedD. studied
26. A. similarB. familiarC. preciusD. riginal
27. A. carriedB. gaveC. dugD. handed
28. A. leavesB. branchesC. skinsD. rts
29. A. mveB. burstC. rllD. jump
30. A. predictB. cmplainC. discverD. understand
31. A. changesB. effrtsC. mistakesD. cmments
32. A. slwerB. fasterC. lwerD. higher
33. A. imaginatinB. cnsideratinC. discussinD. persuasin
34. A. put frwardB. tried utC. turned dwnD. held back
35. A. silentlyB. secretlyC. cautiuslyD. happily
36. A. challengeB. entertainC. embarrassD. frighten
37. A. dissatisfiedB. disturbedC. dishnestD. disrespectful
38. A. backgrundB. envirnmentC. methdD. atmsphere
39. A. disappearB. expldeC. expandD. gather
40. A. interestB. frtuneC. healthD. grwth
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. B 24. A 25. C 26. D 27. C 28. D 29. B 30. C 31. A 32. D 33. B 34. C 35. D 36. A 37. A 38. B 39. C 40. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过盆栽的故事，启迪人们“个人发展需要一个不断变化的生活环境。”人们也常常发现，当他们致力于个人成长和发展时，当他们在生活中做出各种改变以获得更大的成就和更大的幸福时，他们已经超越了他们所处的环境。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它陪伴我们度过了艰难的岁月和美好的时光。A. directed指导；B. accmpanied陪伴；C. fllwed跟随；D. disappinted使失望。根据第1空后的thrugh tugh years and gd times可知，美丽的室内盆栽陪伴我们。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有时我以为它会永远活着，但它死了。A. died死亡；B. survived 幸存；C. imprved 提高；D. develped发展。根据第2空前的I thught it might live frever和but可知，室内盆栽“死了”。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这种植物生长得很好，大约有20年了，但后来开始凋谢。A. fld 折叠；B. fade凋谢，褪色；C. spread传播；D. delay拖延。根据第2空后的Sme days I thught it might live frever, but it died .可知，此处指花在死之前开始“凋谢”。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们甚至和它交谈过。A. even甚至；B. just 只是；C. nly仅仅；D. never从来没有。根据第4空后的talked t it可知，“甚至”和盆栽谈话。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们最后摘了几根半死的树枝，把它们种植到一个小花盆里。A. remved去掉，转移；B. destryed破坏，摧毁；C. planted种植；D. studied学习。根据第5空前后的picked a few half-dead branches和them in a small pt可知，把树枝“种植”在花盆里。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但原来的最终还是死了。A. similar相似的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. precius珍贵的；D. riginal原始的，新颖的。根据第1句A beautiful indr ptted plant has been with us fr a lng time和finally died可知，“原来要死的盆栽”植物死了。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们把它挖出来的时候，我们可以看到为什么它的根长得如此之大，以至于它们几乎要把把它们夹在里面的花盆的边缘都撑破了。A. carried搬运；B. gave 给；C. dug挖；D. handed递给。根据下文we culd see why its 8 had grwn s massive (大量的；巨大的) that they threatened t 9 the sides f the pt that held them in.此处指把死的植物“挖出来”，故选C。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们把它挖出来的时候，我们可以看到为什么它的根长得如此之大，以至于它们几乎要把支撑着它们的花盆边缘都撑破了。A. leaves树叶；B. branches分支；C. skins皮肤；D. rts根。根据第8空后的grwn s massive以及常识可知，挖出来的一定是植物的根。所以这里指植物的“根”是如此的大。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们把它挖出来的时候，我们可以看到为什么它的根长得如此之大，以至于它们几乎要把支撑着它们的花盆边缘都撑破了。A. mve移动；B. burst爆裂；C. rll滚动；D. jump跳跃。根据第9空前的grwn s massive (大量的；巨大的) that they threatened可知，根把花盆的边“撑破”。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意： 人们也常常发现，当他们致力于个人成长和发展时，当他们在生活中做出各种改变以获得更大的成就和更大的幸福时，他们已经超越了他们所处的环境。A. predict 预测；B. cmplain 抱怨；C. discver发现；D. understand明白，理解。根据第10空后的they have utgrwn their envirnment可知，这是指人们的“发现”。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：人们也常常发现，当他们致力于个人成长和发展时，当他们在生活中做出各种改变以获得更大的成就和更大的幸福时，他们已经超越了他们所处的环境。A. changes 变化；B. effrts努力；C. mistakes错误；D. cmments评论。根据下文Persnal develpment needs a changing此处指各种“变化”。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我认识一个人，他得到了一份薪水比他一生中所得到的都要高的工作。 A. slwer更慢的；B. faster更快的；C. lwer更低的；D. higher更高的。根据第14空后的“Isn’t the salary big enugh?”可知，此处指薪水“高的”工作。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是经过仔细考虑，他拒绝了这个职位。A. imaginatin想象；B. cnsideratin考虑；C. discussin谈论；D. persuasin说服。根据第13空前后的内容careful和he refused the psitin可知，经过仔细“考虑”拒绝了这个职位。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查动词词组辨析。句意：他的潜在雇主对他拒绝这份工作感到惊讶。A. put frward提出；B. tried ut尝试；C. turned dwn拒绝，调低；D. held back抑制，隐瞒。根据上文he refused the psitin可知，潜在雇主对“拒绝”感到惊讶。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他曾经可以愉快地工作，享受这笔钱。A. silently 沉默地；B. secretly秘密地；C. cautiusly谨慎地；D. happily高兴地。根据第15空后的dne the wrk and enjyed the mney可知，此处指“高兴地”工作。故选D。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但他知道这份工作不会对他构成挑战，所以他最终变得不满意。A. challenge挑战；B. entertain娱乐；C. embarrass使尴尬；D. frighten使害怕。此处指工作对他不构成“挑战”。故选A。
【37题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但他知道这份工作不会对他构成挑战，所以他最终变得不满意。A. dissatisfied不满意的；B. disturbed扰乱的；C. dishnest 不诚实的；D. disrespectful无礼的。根据前文可知，他知道这份工作不会对他构成挑战，所以最终他对这份工作“不满意”。故选A。
【38题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：个人发展需要一个不断变化的生活环境。A. backgrund 背景；B. envirnment环境；C. methd方法；D. atmsphere气氛。根据上文they have utgrwn their envirnment.可知，此处指生活“环境”。故选B。
【39题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们的视野开阔了。A. disappear消失；B. explde爆炸；C. expand扩张；D. gather聚集。根据前文可知，个人发展需要一个不断变化的生活环境，所以他们的视野开阔了。故选C。
【40题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们的生活中需要有人为他们的成长腾出空间。A. interest 兴趣；B. frtune运气；C. health 健康；D. grwth成长。根据前文persnal grwth此处指他们的“成长”。故选D。
【点睛】解完形填空题时，单独看一句话是找不到正确答案的，需要阅读下句或者若干句才能明白。所谓上下对照，即在上文和下文中找到与正确答案相同的关键词。因此，在做题时要边读边在大脑中储存上下文信息的能力，捕捉关键词。本题第11小题，句意：人们也常常发现，当他们致力于个人成长和发展时，当他们在生活中做出各种改变以获得更大的成就和更大的幸福时，他们已经超越了他们所处的环境。A. changes 变化；B. effrts努力；C. mistakes错误；D. cmments评论。根据下文Persnal develpment needs a changing此处指各种“变化”。故选A。
第二节：语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
It’s 6 a. m. The ring is ____41____ (early) than usual because the smart clck scanned yur schedule in the mrning and adjusted accrding t ____42____. Yur shwer autmatically turns n and warms t yur preferred 103°F. The electric car is ready ____43____ (g), charged by the slar panels r wind turbines n yur rf. When yu get hme later, there is an unexpected package waiting fr yu, ____44____ (deliver) by drne (无人机). Yu pen it and find cld medicine. It turns ut that the health sensrs in yur bathrm have detected signs f an ____45____ (ill) that is appraching and placed an rder autmatically.
Swedish research firm Berg Insight says 63 millin American hmes will ____46____ (regard) as “smart” by 2022, with everything frm Internet-cnnected light bulbs ____47____ cameras that let us spy n ur pets frm the ffice. A decade frm nw, experts say, we ____48____ (mve) frm turning the lights n and ff with ur vices t ttal immersin (沉浸) in the Internet f Things. Thanks t advancements in artificial intelligence, the smartest hmes will be able t ____49____ (true) learn abut their wners and even their needs. Develpments in rbtics will give us machines ____50____ ffer a helping hand with cleaning, cking and mre.
【答案】41. earlier
42. it 43. t g
44. delivered
45. illness
46. be regarded
47. t 48. will mve
49. truly 50. that/which
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。瑞典研究公司Berg Insight表示，到2022年，6300万美国家庭将被视为“智能”家庭，从联网灯泡到让我们在办公室监视宠物的摄像头，应有尽有。
【41题详解】
考查比较级。句意：铃声比平时要早，因为智能时钟在早上扫描你的时间表，并根据它进行调整。根据than可知此处用比较级，故填earlier。
【42题详解】
考查it用法。句意：铃声比平时要早，因为智能时钟在早上扫描你的时间表，并根据它进行调整。此处用it指代前面的schedule。故填it。
【43题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：电动汽车已经准备好了，由你屋顶上的太阳能电池板或风力涡轮机充电。固定搭配：be ready t d sth.“准备做某事”。故填t g。
【44题详解】
考查过去分词做后置定语。句意：当你回家晚了，有一个意想不到的包裹等着你，由无人机送货。此处package和deliver之间是一种被动关系，是过去分词作后置定语。故填delivered。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：原来，你浴室里的健康传感器已经检测到疾病的迹象，并自动下订单。根据不定冠词an可知该空用名词形式，所给词ill是形容词，其名词形式是illness。故填illness。
【46题详解】
考查一般将来时态的被动语态。句意：瑞典研究公司Berg Insight表示，到2022年，6300万美国家庭将被视为“智能”家庭，从联网灯泡到让我们在办公室监视宠物的摄像头，应有尽有。句子主语American hmes和regard之间是一种被动关系，是一般将来时态的被动语态。故填be regarded。
【47题详解】
考查介词。句意：瑞典研究公司Berg Insight表示，到2022年，6300万美国家庭将被视为“智能”家庭，从联网灯泡到让我们在办公室监视宠物的摄像头，应有尽有。固定搭配：frm…t… “从……到……”。故填t。
【48题详解】
考查一般将来时态。句意：专家表示，10年后，我们将从开灯和关灯的声音转向完全沉浸在物联网中。根据A decade frm nw可知句子用一般将来时态。故填will mve。
【49题详解】
考查副词。句意：由于人工智能的发展，最智能的家庭将能够真正了解他们的主人，甚至他们的需求。此处learn是动词，由副词修饰，故填truly。
【50题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：机器人技术的发展将为我们提供在清洁、烹饪等方面提供帮助的机器。此处machines是先行词，指物，放在定语从句中作主语，故填that/which。
三、写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节：短文改错（共10 小题；每小题1分，满分10 分）
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(^)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
We all knw that cycling is a greatly exercise. A dctr tells me peple wh lives the lngest are dancers and cyclists. Maybe it is because the cmbinatin f fresh air, smth mvement and exercise. Whether yu ride a bicycle, yu dn’t use petrl. S they are nt prducing carbn dixide and nt cause air pllutin. Just see hw cars have been taken ver ur cities. They ften run at high speeds, what may put ur lives in danger. And there were traffic jams, t. Our cities will be better places if we replace cars with bicycle.
【答案】1. greatly → great
2. lives → live
3. 在because后加f
4. Whether → If 或Whether → When
5. they → yu
6. cause → causing
7. 去掉have后的been
8. what → which
9. were → are
10. bicycle → bicycles
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。作者表述了骑自行车这项运动可以带来的好处。
【详解】1.考查形容词。句意：我们都知道骑自行车是一项很好的运动。分析句式结构可知，需用形容词作定语修饰名词exercise。故将greatly改为great。
2.考查主谓一致。句意：医生告诉我，寿命最长的人是舞蹈家和骑自行车的人。分析句式结构可知，此处是关系代词wh引导的定语从句，先行词peple是集合名词，所以从句中谓语动词用复数形式。故将lives改为live。
3.考查介词。句意：也许是因为新鲜空气、流畅的运动和锻炼的结合。分析句式结构可知，because表示“因为”，后面接从句，短语because f表示“因为”，后面接名词、代词、动名词等作宾语，the cmbinatin f fresh air, smth mvement and exercise是名词短语。故在because后加f。
4.考查状语从句连接词。句意：当你骑自行车的时候/如果你骑自行车，你是不用汽油的。分析句意可知，该句是一个时间状语从句或条件状语从句，需用if或when引导；位于句首，注意首字母大写。故将Whether改为If或改为When。
5.考查代词。句意：所以你不会制造出二氧化碳，也不会造成空气污染。根据前一句中的人称yu可知，这里假设“你”骑自行车，前后人称应保持一致。故将they改为yu。
6.考查非谓语动词。句意：所以你不会制造出二氧化碳，也不会造成空气污染。本句时态为现在进行时，连词and连接两个并列的现在分词，构成进行时。故将cause改为causing。
7.考查语态。句意：看看汽车是如何占领我们的城市的。分析句式结构可知，主语cars与动词take ver之间是主谓关系，应用主动语态。故去掉have后的been。
8.考查定语从句引导词。句意：它们经常高速行驶，这可能会危及我们的生命。分析句子结构可知，逗号后是非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面的一句话，在从句中做主语，应用which 引导。故将what改为which。
9.考查时态。句意：还有交通堵塞。根据上下文时态可知，本句应用一般现在时。故将were改为are。
10.考查名词。句意：如果用自行车代替汽车，我们的城市将变得更好。bicycle为可数名词，由句中的cars和句意可知，此处应用复数形式。故将bicycle改为bicycles。
【点睛】
第二节：书面表达（满分25分）
52. 假定你是李华，即将参加你校举行的英语演讲比赛。命题演讲环节要求你介绍一道中国美食。请你写一篇演讲稿。内容包括：
1．菜品介绍；
2．制作过程。
注意：
1．写作词数应为100左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Distinguished guests,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Distinguished guests,
I’m Li Hua. It’s my great hnr t intrduce a famus Chinese cuisine t yu, dumplings.
As a simple but tasty fd, dumplings enjy dramatic ppularity in China, demnstrating the essence f Chinese cuisines. Mrever, presented in mst festive situatins, dumplings have becme a symbl f family reunin.
T make dumplings, dugh is firstly needed t wrap delicius stuffing. Then, the mn-shaped dumplings are ready t be biled, steamed, r fried, which are ften served with vinegar.
If yu are a fd enthusiastic, Chinese dumplings are well wrth a try.
Thanks fr yur attentin.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是李华，即将参加你校举行的英语演讲比赛。命题演讲环节要求你介绍一道中国美食。请你写一篇演讲稿。
【详解】1.美味的：tasty→delicius
此外：mrever→furthermre
准备好的：be ready t→be prepared t
爱好者：enthusiast→fancier
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：As a simple but tasty fd, dumplings enjy dramatic ppularity in China, demnstrating the essence f Chinese cuisines.
拓展句：As a simple but tasty fd, dumplings enjy dramatic ppularity in China, which demnstrates the essence f Chinese cuisines.
【点睛】【高分句型1】As a simple but tasty fd, dumplings enjy dramatic ppularity in China, demnstrating the essence f Chinese cuisines.（运用了现在分词作状语）
【高分句型2】Then, the mn-shaped dumplings are ready t be biled, steamed, r fried, which are ften served with vinegar.（运用了which引导非限制性定语从句）
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
笔试部分
一、阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
The Tang Dynasty, which lasted frm 618 t 907 AD, is ften cnsidered as China’s glden age. Indeed Chinese culture flurished under the Tang, and Tang pets are perhaps the best knwn f all Chinese literary figures.
The fllwing are fur schls f Tang petry. Take a lk.
Frntier Frtress Petry (边塞诗)
Ga Shi Cen Shen and Wang Changling are representatives f this petry. It mainly describes the hardship f the battlefield, heric spirit f defending the hmeland, r hmesickness f sldiers. Representative wrks include Over the Brcfer by Wang Changling, Sng f Write Snw n Secretary Wu’s Return t Capital by Cen Shen, etc.
Landscape Pastral Petry
The representatives f this schl are Wang Wei and Meng Haran. Many f its themes are muntains,cluds and hermits (隐士). Its style is simple and elegant. The representative wrks include Thinking f My Brthers n Muntain Climbing Day by Wang Wei, Spring Mrning by Meng and s n.
Rmantic Petry
Li Bai is a typical representative f rmantic petry, wh enjys the title f “Genius f Petry”. T express his desire fr freedm and persnal value, his petry is free and bld, with creative imaginatin. One f his mst famus pems is A Tranquil Night, which is abut hmesickness, included in many schl textbks.
Realistic Petry
Du Fu is knwn as the “Sage f Petry”. His pems are in a realistic art style with strng feelings f cmpassin and cncern fr the destiny (命运) f the cuntry. His wrks “Three Officials” and “Three Farewells” bth reflect peple’s sufferings at that time.
1. Wh is ne f the representatives f Frntier Frtress Petry?
A. Wang Wei.B. Cen Shen.
C. Li Bai.D. Du Fu.
2. Which pem is written by a rmantic pet?
A. Spring Mrning.
B. Over the Brder.
C. A Tranquil Night.
D. Thinking f My Brthers n Muntain Climbing Day.
3. Accrding t the passage, which statement is right?
A. Meng Haran is the representative f Rmantic Petry.
B. The Tang Dynasty lasted frm 608 t 917 AD.
C. Li Bai is knwn as the “Sage f Petry”.
D. “Three Farewells” reflects peple’s sufferings in the Tang Dynasty.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了唐诗的四个流派。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Frntier Frtress Petry (边塞诗)中Ga Shi, Cen Shen and Wang Changling are representatives f this petry.“高师、岑参、王长岭是这一诗派的代表人物。”由此可知，Cen Shen是边塞诗的代表人物之一。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Rmantic Petry中One f his mst famus pems is A Tranquil Night, which is abut hmesickness, included in many schl textbks.“他最著名的一首诗是《宁静的夜晚》，这是一首关于思乡的诗，很多学校的教科书里都有。”由此可知，A Tranquil Night这首诗是浪漫主义诗人写的。故选C。
3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Realistic Petry中的His wrks “Three Officials” and “Three Farewells” bth reflect peple’s sufferings at that time.他的作品“Three Officials”和“Three Farewells”都反映了当时人民的苦难。由此可知，“Three Farewells”反映了唐代人民的苦难。故选D。
【点睛】在细节考查题中有一类事实细节题 。该题属于细节类型的阅读理解题，一般只针对某个特定的细节，题型可以多种多样。此类题型一般分两种。第一种是直接理解题，在原文中可以直接找到答案。第二种是词义转换题，正确选项是原文有关词语和句子的转换。做此类试题一定要抓住事件发生的时间、地点、人物、发展过程和结局等环节，所选答案一定要符合原文，切不可望文生义。本题第3小题，根据Realistic Petry中的His wrks “Three Officials” and “Three Farewells” bth reflect peple’s sufferings at that time.他的作品“Three Officials”和“Three Farewells”都反映了当时人民的苦难。由此可知，“Three Farewells”反映了唐代人民的苦难。故选D。
B
Very early n in my senir year f high schl, my parents carried the flame f wrrying abut my future cllege. I was willing t g t a 2-year cllege befre ging after my bachelr, s degree. This was fr tw reasns—t help them save mney and t make sure I majr in English. Hwever, they insisted I attend a 4-year cllege right ff the bat.
I was pushed t start searching fr clleges therefre, nes that my parents apprved f and that were within the range f tuitin that my mm thught was acceptable. I was als limited t the immediate areas, which nly included New Yrk, Cnnecticut, Pennsylvania, and New Jersey, s I cannt apply fr any clleges in ne f my favrite places—New Hampshire.
I’ll be hnest. It gt a bit tense at times with several different pinins between my parents and me, and with ther family members r friends vicing their thughts t my parents.
In the end, I ended up applying fr three schls—SUNY Albany, SUNY New Paltz and Kutztwn University in Pennsylvania. I had been t New Paltz quite ften as it was nly 45 minutes away frm ur hme. And Kutztwn is lcated in an area ur family ften visited.
I was accepted by all three, and I quickly gave up Albany. I was nt impressed with the city and wasn’t familiar with the area. It was between New Paltz and Kutztwn. After a few weeks, I ended up settling n New Paltz because Kutztwn just didn’t “feel right” fr me. When I was n campus, I had a feeling that this was it.
Lking back nw, I wish I had knwn mre abut the applicatin prcess and had a little mre freedm f chice abut which cllege I culd apply fr. I prbably wuld still have attended SUNY New Paltz.
4. What did the authr’s parents think he shuld d?
A. Chse a cllege that culd prvide gd jbs.
B. G t a cmmunity cllege t save mney.
C. Chse a cllege that he liked best.
D. G t a 4-year cllege directly.
5. Why didn’t the authr chse clleges in New Hampshire?
A. He didnt like the place.
B. His situatin didn’t allw it.
C. The living expenses there were t high.
D. He wasn’t sure whether r nt he wuld fit in there.
6. Hw did the authr feel abut his final chice?
A. Embarrassed.B. Frightened.
C. Satisfied.D. Wrried.
7. What is the best title fr the text?
A. Hw I chse my cllegeB. Hw t apply fr a cllege
C. Different chices, different futureD. The meaning f attending cllege
【答案】4. D 5. B 6. C 7. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。这篇文章讲述作者是如何选择大学的。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句they insisted I attend a 4-year cllege right ff the bat.“他们一开始就坚持要我上四年制的大学。”由此可知，父母让他直接上四年制大学。故选D。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段I was pushed t start searching fr clleges therefre, nes that my parents apprved f and that were within the range f tuitin that my mm thught was acceptable. I was als limited t the immediate areas, which nly included New Yrk, Cnnecticut, Pennsylvania, and New Jersey, s I cannt apply fr any clleges in ne f my favrite places—New Hampshire.“因此，我被迫开始寻找我父母认可的、在我母亲认为可以接受的学费范围内的大学。我也被限制在附近的地区，只包括纽约、康涅狄格、宾夕法尼亚和新泽西，所以我不能申请我最喜欢的地方之一——新罕布什尔的任何大学。”由此判断出，作者没有选择新罕布什尔的大学是因为他的情况不允许这样。故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中After a few weeks, I ended up settling n New Paltz because Kutztwn just didn’t “feel right” fr me. When I was n campus, I had a feeling that this was it.“几周后，我最终选择了新帕尔茨，因为库茨敦对我来说“不太合适”。当我在学校的时候，我有一种就应该是这样的感觉。”由此推知，者对他最后的选择是“感到满意的”。故选C。
【7题详解】
标题判断题。根据第一段Very early n in my senir year f high schl, my parents carried the flame f wrrying abut my future cllege. I was willing t g t a 2-year cllege befre ging after my bachelr, s degree. This was fr tw reasns—t help them save mney and t make sure I majr in English. Hwever, they insisted I attend a 4-year cllege right ff the bat.“早在我高三的时候，我的父母就对我未来的大学生活忧心忡忡。在获得学士学位之前，我想上两年制的大学。这样做有两个原因:一是为了帮助他们省钱，二是为了确保我的专业是英语。然而，他们坚持要我马上去读四年制的大学。”以及最后一段“Lking back nw, I wish I had knwn mre abut the applicatin prcess and had a little mre freedm f chice abut which cllege I culd apply fr.”现在回想起来，我希望我对申请过程有更多的了解，对申请哪所大学有更多的自由选择。由此可知，短文的最佳标题诶是“我是如何选择大学的。”故选A。
【点睛】推理判断题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，做出一定的推理判断，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理判断题所涉及的内容可能是文中的某一句话，也可能是某几句话，所以，推理题的答案只能是根据原文表面文字信息一步推出的答案：即对原文某一句话或某几句话所作的同义改写或综合。推理判断题的题干中通常含infer,suggest,imply,cnclude indicate等标志性词语。本题第3小题，根据倒数第二段中After a few weeks, I ended up settling n New Paltz because Kutztwn just didn’t “feel right” fr me. When I was n campus, I had a feeling that this was it.“几周后，我最终选择了新帕尔茨，因为库茨敦对我来说“不太合适”。当我在学校的时候，我有一种就应该是这样的感觉。”由此推知，者对他最后的选择是“感到满意的”感觉。故选C。
C
Recently, the mst heated tpic f “which is the right bin fr my garbage” has swept China.
Shanghai is amng China’ s first cities t intrduce garbage classificatin (垃圾分类) and als the cuntry’s mst serius in its perfrming. Since July 1,2019, Shanghai residents have been required by law t srt garbage int fur different categries, r they culd face fines. Individuals, including turists, can be fined 200 yuan fr failing t srt their waste prperly, while cmpanies and institutins can be fined up t 50,000 yuan.
The gvernment has set up nline apps t handle srting questins, and annunced guidelines t address the “ne-size-fits-all” methd. The cuntry is abut t invest ver 21 billin yuan in the cnstructin f garbage prcessing facilities t meet demands. Nw it’s intrducing artificial intelligence int its waste management system, by setting up little cameras in many sets f bins.
Hwever, nt every face can be recgnized by the smart dustbin until yu register fr the system. Once registratin is cmplete, users will scan a QR cde n the bin, which then pens it up t allw fr garbage dispsal (处理). Nw, each husehld gets ne special QR cde fr thrwing ut waste. Here, the intelligent bins dn’t just calculate garbage weight, they als help residents gain rewards by cllecting pints thrugh the special app.
China is stepping int the age f cmpulsry garbage srting with its cities revising laws n garbage classificatin. Fr Shanghai, sixty percent f the city is expected t carry ut garbage srting by the end f 2019, and 90 percent by 2020. Garbage srting is, withut dubt, a cstly but wrthwhile endeavr. It is gd fr the envirnment and imprtant fr the cuntry’s sustainable develpment (可持续发展), and may finally turn ut t be a prmising industry as well.
8. What is the crrect rder in using smart garbage srting system?
① Gain rewards.
② Open up the bin
③ Register fr the system.
④ Scan a QR cde n the bin.
A. ③④②①B. ④②③①
C. ③①②④D. ④③②①
9. What des the underlined wrd “endeavr” in the last paragraph mean?
A. Effrt.B. Fashin.
C. Annuncement.D. Decisin.
10. What can we knw frm the text?
A. The intelligent bins can nly shw garbage weight.
B. Residents have t srt garbage int fur different categries in Shanghai.
C. If cmpanies frget t srt their waste, they can be fined 200 yuan.
D. Turists can avid being fined fr failing t srt their waste crrectly.
11. Why des ur cuntry push ahead with cmpulsry garbage srting?
A T build a garbage srting system.
B. T increase the use f artificial intelligence.
C. T prmte sustainable develpment f envirnment.
D. T supprt the cnstructin f garbage prcessing facilities.
【答案】8. A 9. A 10. B 11. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。最近，最热门的话题“哪个垃圾桶最适合我的垃圾”席卷了中国。在上海，居民必须把垃圾分成四类。我国要推行强制垃圾分类是为了促进环境的可持续发展。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段Hwever, nt every face can be recgnized by the smart dustbin until yu register fr the system. Once registratin is cmplete, users will scan a QR cde n the bin, which then pens it up t allw fr garbage dispsal (处理). Nw, each husehld gets ne special QR cde fr thrwing ut waste. Here, the intelligent bins dn’t just calculate garbage weight, they als help residents gain rewards by cllecting pints thrugh the special app.“然而，并不是每一张脸都能被智能垃圾桶识别，直到你注册了这个系统。注册完成后，用户将扫描垃圾桶上的二维码，然后打开垃圾桶进行垃圾处理。现在，每个家庭都有一个特殊的二维码来扔垃圾。在这里，智能垃圾桶不仅可以计算垃圾的重量，还可以通过这款特殊的应用，帮助居民通过积分获得奖励。”由此可知，使用智能垃圾分类系统的正确顺序是A项 ③④②①。故选A。
【9题详解】
词义猜测题。根据最后一段中Fr Shanghai, sixty percent f the city is expected t carry ut garbage srting by the end f 2019, and 90 percent by 2020.在上海，预计到2019年底，60%的城市将进行垃圾分类，到2020年，这一比例将达到90%。和It is gd fr the envirnment and imprtant fr the cuntry’s sustainable develpment (可持续发展), and may finally turn ut t be a prmising industry as well.“它对环境有好处，对国家的可持续发展也很重要，最终可能会成为一个有前途的行业。”由此推知，Garbage srting is, withut dubt, a cstly but wrthwhile endeavr.（毫无疑问，垃圾分类是一项成本高昂但值得努力的工作。）中的划线词的意思是“努力”。故选A。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中Since July 1,2019, Shanghai residents have been required by law t srt garbage int fur different categries, r they culd face fines.“自2019年7月1日起，上海居民被法律要求将垃圾分为四类，否则将面临罚款。”由此可知，在上海，居民必须把垃圾分成四类。故选B。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中It is gd fr the envirnment and imprtant fr the cuntry’s sustainable develpment (可持续发展), and may finally turn ut t be a prmising industry as well.“它对环境有好处，对国家的可持续发展也很重要，最终可能会成为一个有前途的行业。”由此判断出，我国要推行强制垃圾分类是为了促进环境的可持续发展。故选C。
D
(The New Yrk Times, Oct.7) The 2019 Nbel Prize in physilgy(生理学) r medicine was jintly awarded t three scientists — William G. Kaelin Jr., Peter J. Ratcliffe and Gregg L. Semenza — fr their wrk n hw cells sense and adapt t xygen availability. The Nbel Assembly annunced the prize at the Karlinska Institute in Stckhlm n Mnday.
Their wrk established the genetic mechanisms(机制) that allw cells t respnd t changes in xygen levels. The findings have implicatins(启示) fr treating a variety f diseases.
Why did they win?
“Oxygen is the lifebld f living rganisms(生物体),” said Dr. Gerge Daley, dean f Harvard Medical Schl. “Withut xygen, cells can’t survive.” But t much r t little xygen can be deadly. The three researchers tried t answer this questin: Hw d cells regulate their respnses?
The investigatrs uncvered detailed genetic respnses t changing xygen levels that allw cells in the bdies f humans and ther animals t sense and respnd t fluctuatins(波动), increasing and decreasing hw much xygen they receive.
Why is the wrk imprtant?
The discveries reveal the cellular mechanisms that cntrl such things as adaptatin t high altitudes and hw cancer cells manage t hijack(攫取) xygen. Randall Jhnsn, a member f the Nbel Assembly, described the wrk as a “textbk discvery” and said it wuld be smething students wuld start learning at the mst basic levels f bilgy educatin.
“This is a basic aspect f hw a cell wrks, and I think frm that standpint alne it’s a very exciting thing.” Jhnsn said.
The research als has implicatins fr treating varius diseases in which xygen is in shrt supply — including anemia, heart attacks and strkes — as well as fr treatment f cancers that are fed by and seek ut xygen.
12. This research has wn the Nbel Prize mainly because ____________.
A. there was n research f this kind in the past
B. xygen is the lifebld f living things
C. it has uncvered hw cells sense and respnd t changes in xygen levels
D. varius diseases will be cured with the help f the findings f the research
13. We can learn frm the passage that _____________.
A. The Nbel Prize was awarded t a physilgist n Mnday in Sweden.
B. Cancer cells manage t hijack xygen and need xygen t develp.
C. The mre xygen there is in bld, the healthier a living bdy will be.
D. The genetic mechanisms have been fund that allw xygen t adapt t cells.
14. Which f the fllwing can best explain the underlined wrd in the text?
A. used fr textbksB. pwerful and authritative
C. typical as a perfect exampleD. basic and clear
15. In which part f The New Yrk Times can yu find this article?
A. EntertainmentB. Culture
C. TechnlgyD. Science
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. C 15. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了2019年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖联合授予了三位科学家，他们发现了细胞如何感知并适应氧气变化的含量。这是一项具有开创性的发现，为抗击贫血、癌症和许多其他疾病的新策略铺平了道路。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中…fr their wrk n hw cells sense and adapt t xygen availability.（以表彰他们在细胞感知和适应氧气供应的适应性方面所做的工作。）可知这项研究之所以获得诺贝尔奖，主要是因为它揭示了细胞如何感知和响应氧气水平的变化。故选C。
13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中The discveries reveal the cellular mechanisms that cntrl such things as adaptatin t high altitudes and hw cancer cells manage t hijack(攫取) xygen.（这些发现揭示了细胞机制，这些机制控制着对高海拔环境的适应，以及癌细胞是如何攫取氧气的。）我们可以从文章中得知癌细胞设法攫取氧气并需要氧气来发育。故选B。
【14题详解】
词义猜测题。根据下文it wuld be smething students wuld start learning at the mst basic levels f bilgy educatin它将是学生在最基础的生物教育阶段就开始学习的东西，可知Randall Jhnsn称这项研究是很典型的发现，是“教科书式的发现”。故可知划线单词意思为“典型的”，故选C。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段(The New Yrk Times, Oct.7) The 2019 Nbel Prize in physilgy r medicine was jintly awarded t three scientists — William G. Kaelin Jr., Peter J. Ratcliffe and Gregg L. Semenza — fr their wrk n hw cells sense and adapt t xygen availability.（(《纽约时报》10月7日报道)2019年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖联合授予了三位科学家——William G. Kaelin Jr.、Peter J. Ratcliffe和Gregg L. Semenza，以表彰他们在细胞感知和适应氧气供应方面所做的工作。）以及文章的主要内容围绕他们的发现，可知你可以在《纽约时报》的科学版上找到这篇文章。故选D。
【点睛】词义猜测题是高考阅读理解中常考题型之一，可以大致分为
① 定义猜词，可以根据定义信息和举例猜测词义。如文中常用refer t，be called或that’s t say，such as等。
② 逻辑猜词可以根据同义词、反义词、因果关系词等猜测词义，例如，similarly,the same as,but,hwever,while,n the ther hand,since ,because等，所猜词与这些提示词前/后面部分的含义一样、相反或是前因后果。
③ 语法猜词，可以根据构词法，再结合上下文进行猜词。
④ 语境猜词，猜测词义离不开上下文的语境，通过上下文提供的情景和线索进行合理的分析，同时还要关注其所在的整段及整篇文章。
⑤ 指代猜词即找出人称代词、指示代词、关系代词或关系副词等所指代的内容，做题时要注意指代词的位置，以便于判断，然后用所找的指代内容替换划线代词，核实其逻辑、意义、位置等是否一致，最后比较所找部分与选项，确定意思最接近的选项。
如第三小题，根据下文it wuld be smething students wuld start learning at the mst basic levels f bilgy educatin它将是学生在最基础的生物教育阶段就开始学习的东西，可知Randall Jhnsn称这项研究是很典型的发现，是“教科书式的发现”。故可知划线单词意思为“典型的”，故选C。
第二节：（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Whether yu vlunteer at an animal shelter r in a hspital, vlunteering is a wnderful pprtunity t bring gd int the wrld and supprt yur cmmunity. There are a lt f different vlunteer pprtunities. ____16____ Here are sme tips n hw t be an even better vlunteer.
Vlunteer fr smething yu lve. ____17____ If yur passin is helping thse with cancer, vlunteer t raise mney fr research. If yu’re passinate abut imprving the envirnment, vlunteer t pick up trash in public places. Yur passin will keep yu mtivated, s put yur effrt int smething yu treasure.
____18____ Yu are prbably nt best suited fr directing traffic if yu are shy. Be respectful t thse rganizers, but let them knw yur strengths and shw them hw yur strengths can be beneficial in yur vlunteer wrk. Find the balance that brings yur talents t the table and really helps the rganizatin.
Be n time. This is a simple but imprtant idea. Think abut being late fr yur wrk; yur bss, cwrkers and custmers wuld be upset. The same applies t vlunteering. ____19____
Mix yur vlunteer jbs. If yu becme bred, it may be time fr a schedule change in yur life. ____20____ It is vlunteering, s yu aren’t stuck in ne place.
A. Offer what yu can d best.
B. Ask what’s expected f vlunteers.
C. S if such a thing des happen, just call and let them knw.
D. It desn’t matter what it is, but it des matter what yu like.
E. Therefre, everyne can find a vlunteering pprtunity that suits their skills and interests.
F. Hwever, yu will vlunteer lnger in an rganizatin that supprts a cause yu care abut.
G. Vlunteer n different days r ask fr different tasks t see what ther pprtunities are ut there.
【答案】16. E 17. D 18. A 19. C 20. G
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍一些如何成为更好的志愿者的建议。
【16题详解】
根据上文提示“有很多不同的志愿者机会。”再根据下文提示“这里有一些如何成为更好的志愿者的建议。”承接上下文，E项Therefre, everyne can find a vlunteering pprtunity that suits their skills and interests.（因此，每个人都可以找到一个适合自己技能和兴趣的志愿者机会。）切题。故选E。
【17题详解】
根据上文提示“自愿做你喜欢的事情。”承接上文，D项It desn’t matter what it is, but it des matter what yu like.（是什么并不重要，重要的是你喜欢什么。）切题。故选D。
【18题详解】
根据下文提示“如果你害羞，你可能不太适合指挥交通。要尊重这些组织者，但也要让他们知道你的长处，并向他们展示你的长处在志愿者工作中的益处。找到一种平衡，既能发挥你的才能，又能真正帮助公司。”承接下文，A项 Offer what yu can d best.（提供你能做到最好的。）
【19题详解】
根据上文提示“想想看，你上班迟到了;你的老板、同事和客户会不高兴。这同样适用于志愿活动。”承接上文，C项S if such a thing des happen, just call and let them knw.（所以如果真的发生了这样的事情，打电话让他们知道就好了。）切题。故选C。
【20题详解】
根据上文提示“如果你觉得无聊了，可能是时候改变一下你的生活了。”再根据下文提示“这是志愿者活动，所以你不会被困在一个地方。”承接上下文，G项Vlunteer n different days r ask fr different tasks t see what ther pprtunities are ut there.（在不同的日子做志愿者，或者要求完成不同的任务，看看还有什么其他的机会。）切题。故选G。
二、语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A，B，C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A beautiful indr ptted plant has been with us fr a lng time. It has ____21____ us thrugh tugh years and gd times. Sme days I thught it might live frever, but it ____22____.
The plant did well fr abut twenty years, but then began t ____23____. We watered it. We fed it. We ____24____ talked t it. But leaves and branches became lwer each day. We finally picked a few half-dead branches and ____25____ them in a small pt. One new small plant grew strng and healthy. But the ____26____ finally died. When we ____27____ it ut, we culd see why its ____28____ had grwn s massive (大量的；巨大的) that they threatened t ____29____ the sides f the pt that held them in.
Peple, t, ften _____30_____ they have utgrwn their envirnment, when they are cmmitted t persnal grwth and develpment and when they make the kinds f _____31_____ in their lives that lead t greater achievement and happiness.
I knw f a man wh was ffered a jb at a salary _____32_____ than he had ever made in his life. But after careful _____33_____, he refused the psitin. His wuld-be emplyer was amazed that he _____34_____ the ffer. “What’s the matter?” he asked. “Isn’t the salary big enugh?”
“The salary is fine,” the man said. “It’s the jb that, s nt big enugh.”
At ne time he culd have _____35_____ dne the wrk and enjyed the mney. But he knew the jb wuld nt _____36_____ him and held eventually becme _____37_____. He had utgrwn the jb that was ffered.
Persnal develpment needs a changing _____38_____ in which t live. Peple seek bigger challenges. Their views _____39_____. Their interests change. And they need peple in their lives wh will make rm fr their _____40_____.
21. A. directedB. accmpaniedC. fllwedD. disappinted
22. A. diedB. survivedC. imprvedD. develped
23. A. fldB. fadeC. spreadD. delay
24. A. evenB. justC. nlyD. never
25. A. remvedB. destryedC. plantedD. studied
26. A. similarB. familiarC. preciusD. riginal
27. A. carriedB. gaveC. dugD. handed
28. A. leavesB. branchesC. skinsD. rts
29. A. mveB. burstC. rllD. jump
30. A. predictB. cmplainC. discverD. understand
31. A. changesB. effrtsC. mistakesD. cmments
32. A. slwerB. fasterC. lwerD. higher
33. A. imaginatinB. cnsideratinC. discussinD. persuasin
34. A. put frwardB. tried utC. turned dwnD. held back
35. A. silentlyB. secretlyC. cautiuslyD. happily
36. A. challengeB. entertainC. embarrassD. frighten
37. A. dissatisfiedB. disturbedC. dishnestD. disrespectful
38. A. backgrundB. envirnmentC. methdD. atmsphere
39. A. disappearB. expldeC. expandD. gather
40. A. interestB. frtuneC. healthD. grwth
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. B 24. A 25. C 26. D 27. C 28. D 29. B 30. C 31. A 32. D 33. B 34. C 35. D 36. A 37. A 38. B 39. C 40. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过盆栽的故事，启迪人们“个人发展需要一个不断变化的生活环境。”人们也常常发现，当他们致力于个人成长和发展时，当他们在生活中做出各种改变以获得更大的成就和更大的幸福时，他们已经超越了他们所处的环境。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它陪伴我们度过了艰难的岁月和美好的时光。A. directed指导；B. accmpanied陪伴；C. fllwed跟随；D. disappinted使失望。根据第1空后的thrugh tugh years and gd times可知，美丽的室内盆栽陪伴我们。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有时我以为它会永远活着，但它死了。A. died死亡；B. survived 幸存；C. imprved 提高；D. develped发展。根据第2空前的I thught it might live frever和but可知，室内盆栽“死了”。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这种植物生长得很好，大约有20年了，但后来开始凋谢。A. fld 折叠；B. fade凋谢，褪色；C. spread传播；D. delay拖延。根据第2空后的Sme days I thught it might live frever, but it died .可知，此处指花在死之前开始“凋谢”。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们甚至和它交谈过。A. even甚至；B. just 只是；C. nly仅仅；D. never从来没有。根据第4空后的talked t it可知，“甚至”和盆栽谈话。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们最后摘了几根半死的树枝，把它们种植到一个小花盆里。A. remved去掉，转移；B. destryed破坏，摧毁；C. planted种植；D. studied学习。根据第5空前后的picked a few half-dead branches和them in a small pt可知，把树枝“种植”在花盆里。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但原来的最终还是死了。A. similar相似的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. precius珍贵的；D. riginal原始的，新颖的。根据第1句A beautiful indr ptted plant has been with us fr a lng time和finally died可知，“原来要死的盆栽”植物死了。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们把它挖出来的时候，我们可以看到为什么它的根长得如此之大，以至于它们几乎要把把它们夹在里面的花盆的边缘都撑破了。A. carried搬运；B. gave 给；C. dug挖；D. handed递给。根据下文we culd see why its 8 had grwn s massive (大量的；巨大的) that they threatened t 9 the sides f the pt that held them in.此处指把死的植物“挖出来”，故选C。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们把它挖出来的时候，我们可以看到为什么它的根长得如此之大，以至于它们几乎要把支撑着它们的花盆边缘都撑破了。A. leaves树叶；B. branches分支；C. skins皮肤；D. rts根。根据第8空后的grwn s massive以及常识可知，挖出来的一定是植物的根。所以这里指植物的“根”是如此的大。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们把它挖出来的时候，我们可以看到为什么它的根长得如此之大，以至于它们几乎要把支撑着它们的花盆边缘都撑破了。A. mve移动；B. burst爆裂；C. rll滚动；D. jump跳跃。根据第9空前的grwn s massive (大量的；巨大的) that they threatened可知，根把花盆的边“撑破”。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意： 人们也常常发现，当他们致力于个人成长和发展时，当他们在生活中做出各种改变以获得更大的成就和更大的幸福时，他们已经超越了他们所处的环境。A. predict 预测；B. cmplain 抱怨；C. discver发现；D. understand明白，理解。根据第10空后的they have utgrwn their envirnment可知，这是指人们的“发现”。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：人们也常常发现，当他们致力于个人成长和发展时，当他们在生活中做出各种改变以获得更大的成就和更大的幸福时，他们已经超越了他们所处的环境。A. changes 变化；B. effrts努力；C. mistakes错误；D. cmments评论。根据下文Persnal develpment needs a changing此处指各种“变化”。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我认识一个人，他得到了一份薪水比他一生中所得到的都要高的工作。 A. slwer更慢的；B. faster更快的；C. lwer更低的；D. higher更高的。根据第14空后的“Isn’t the salary big enugh?”可知，此处指薪水“高的”工作。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是经过仔细考虑，他拒绝了这个职位。A. imaginatin想象；B. cnsideratin考虑；C. discussin谈论；D. persuasin说服。根据第13空前后的内容careful和he refused the psitin可知，经过仔细“考虑”拒绝了这个职位。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查动词词组辨析。句意：他的潜在雇主对他拒绝这份工作感到惊讶。A. put frward提出；B. tried ut尝试；C. turned dwn拒绝，调低；D. held back抑制，隐瞒。根据上文he refused the psitin可知，潜在雇主对“拒绝”感到惊讶。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他曾经可以愉快地工作，享受这笔钱。A. silently 沉默地；B. secretly秘密地；C. cautiusly谨慎地；D. happily高兴地。根据第15空后的dne the wrk and enjyed the mney可知，此处指“高兴地”工作。故选D。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但他知道这份工作不会对他构成挑战，所以他最终变得不满意。A. challenge挑战；B. entertain娱乐；C. embarrass使尴尬；D. frighten使害怕。此处指工作对他不构成“挑战”。故选A。
【37题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但他知道这份工作不会对他构成挑战，所以他最终变得不满意。A. dissatisfied不满意的；B. disturbed扰乱的；C. dishnest 不诚实的；D. disrespectful无礼的。根据前文可知，他知道这份工作不会对他构成挑战，所以最终他对这份工作“不满意”。故选A。
【38题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：个人发展需要一个不断变化的生活环境。A. backgrund 背景；B. envirnment环境；C. methd方法；D. atmsphere气氛。根据上文they have utgrwn their envirnment.可知，此处指生活“环境”。故选B。
【39题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们的视野开阔了。A. disappear消失；B. explde爆炸；C. expand扩张；D. gather聚集。根据前文可知，个人发展需要一个不断变化的生活环境，所以他们的视野开阔了。故选C。
【40题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们的生活中需要有人为他们的成长腾出空间。A. interest 兴趣；B. frtune运气；C. health 健康；D. grwth成长。根据前文persnal grwth此处指他们的“成长”。故选D。
【点睛】解完形填空题时，单独看一句话是找不到正确答案的，需要阅读下句或者若干句才能明白。所谓上下对照，即在上文和下文中找到与正确答案相同的关键词。因此，在做题时要边读边在大脑中储存上下文信息的能力，捕捉关键词。本题第11小题，句意：人们也常常发现，当他们致力于个人成长和发展时，当他们在生活中做出各种改变以获得更大的成就和更大的幸福时，他们已经超越了他们所处的环境。A. changes 变化；B. effrts努力；C. mistakes错误；D. cmments评论。根据下文Persnal develpment needs a changing此处指各种“变化”。故选A。
第二节：语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
It’s 6 a. m. The ring is ____41____ (early) than usual because the smart clck scanned yur schedule in the mrning and adjusted accrding t ____42____. Yur shwer autmatically turns n and warms t yur preferred 103°F. The electric car is ready ____43____ (g), charged by the slar panels r wind turbines n yur rf. When yu get hme later, there is an unexpected package waiting fr yu, ____44____ (deliver) by drne (无人机). Yu pen it and find cld medicine. It turns ut that the health sensrs in yur bathrm have detected signs f an ____45____ (ill) that is appraching and placed an rder autmatically.
Swedish research firm Berg Insight says 63 millin American hmes will ____46____ (regard) as “smart” by 2022, with everything frm Internet-cnnected light bulbs ____47____ cameras that let us spy n ur pets frm the ffice. A decade frm nw, experts say, we ____48____ (mve) frm turning the lights n and ff with ur vices t ttal immersin (沉浸) in the Internet f Things. Thanks t advancements in artificial intelligence, the smartest hmes will be able t ____49____ (true) learn abut their wners and even their needs. Develpments in rbtics will give us machines ____50____ ffer a helping hand with cleaning, cking and mre.
【答案】41. earlier
42. it 43. t g
44. delivered
45. illness
46. be regarded
47. t 48. will mve
49. truly 50. that/which
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。瑞典研究公司Berg Insight表示，到2022年，6300万美国家庭将被视为“智能”家庭，从联网灯泡到让我们在办公室监视宠物的摄像头，应有尽有。
【41题详解】
考查比较级。句意：铃声比平时要早，因为智能时钟在早上扫描你的时间表，并根据它进行调整。根据than可知此处用比较级，故填earlier。
【42题详解】
考查it用法。句意：铃声比平时要早，因为智能时钟在早上扫描你的时间表，并根据它进行调整。此处用it指代前面的schedule。故填it。
【43题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：电动汽车已经准备好了，由你屋顶上的太阳能电池板或风力涡轮机充电。固定搭配：be ready t d sth.“准备做某事”。故填t g。
【44题详解】
考查过去分词做后置定语。句意：当你回家晚了，有一个意想不到的包裹等着你，由无人机送货。此处package和deliver之间是一种被动关系，是过去分词作后置定语。故填delivered。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：原来，你浴室里的健康传感器已经检测到疾病的迹象，并自动下订单。根据不定冠词an可知该空用名词形式，所给词ill是形容词，其名词形式是illness。故填illness。
【46题详解】
考查一般将来时态的被动语态。句意：瑞典研究公司Berg Insight表示，到2022年，6300万美国家庭将被视为“智能”家庭，从联网灯泡到让我们在办公室监视宠物的摄像头，应有尽有。句子主语American hmes和regard之间是一种被动关系，是一般将来时态的被动语态。故填be regarded。
【47题详解】
考查介词。句意：瑞典研究公司Berg Insight表示，到2022年，6300万美国家庭将被视为“智能”家庭，从联网灯泡到让我们在办公室监视宠物的摄像头，应有尽有。固定搭配：frm…t… “从……到……”。故填t。
【48题详解】
考查一般将来时态。句意：专家表示，10年后，我们将从开灯和关灯的声音转向完全沉浸在物联网中。根据A decade frm nw可知句子用一般将来时态。故填will mve。
【49题详解】
考查副词。句意：由于人工智能的发展，最智能的家庭将能够真正了解他们的主人，甚至他们的需求。此处learn是动词，由副词修饰，故填truly。
【50题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：机器人技术的发展将为我们提供在清洁、烹饪等方面提供帮助的机器。此处machines是先行词，指物，放在定语从句中作主语，故填that/which。
三、写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节：短文改错（共10 小题；每小题1分，满分10 分）
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(^)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
We all knw that cycling is a greatly exercise. A dctr tells me peple wh lives the lngest are dancers and cyclists. Maybe it is because the cmbinatin f fresh air, smth mvement and exercise. Whether yu ride a bicycle, yu dn’t use petrl. S they are nt prducing carbn dixide and nt cause air pllutin. Just see hw cars have been taken ver ur cities. They ften run at high speeds, what may put ur lives in danger. And there were traffic jams, t. Our cities will be better places if we replace cars with bicycle.
【答案】1. greatly → great
2. lives → live
3. 在because后加f
4. Whether → If 或Whether → When
5. they → yu
6. cause → causing
7. 去掉have后的been
8. what → which
9. were → are
10. bicycle → bicycles
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。作者表述了骑自行车这项运动可以带来的好处。
【详解】1.考查形容词。句意：我们都知道骑自行车是一项很好的运动。分析句式结构可知，需用形容词作定语修饰名词exercise。故将greatly改为great。
2.考查主谓一致。句意：医生告诉我，寿命最长的人是舞蹈家和骑自行车的人。分析句式结构可知，此处是关系代词wh引导的定语从句，先行词peple是集合名词，所以从句中谓语动词用复数形式。故将lives改为live。
3.考查介词。句意：也许是因为新鲜空气、流畅的运动和锻炼的结合。分析句式结构可知，because表示“因为”，后面接从句，短语because f表示“因为”，后面接名词、代词、动名词等作宾语，the cmbinatin f fresh air, smth mvement and exercise是名词短语。故在because后加f。
4.考查状语从句连接词。句意：当你骑自行车的时候/如果你骑自行车，你是不用汽油的。分析句意可知，该句是一个时间状语从句或条件状语从句，需用if或when引导；位于句首，注意首字母大写。故将Whether改为If或改为When。
5.考查代词。句意：所以你不会制造出二氧化碳，也不会造成空气污染。根据前一句中的人称yu可知，这里假设“你”骑自行车，前后人称应保持一致。故将they改为yu。
6.考查非谓语动词。句意：所以你不会制造出二氧化碳，也不会造成空气污染。本句时态为现在进行时，连词and连接两个并列的现在分词，构成进行时。故将cause改为causing。
7.考查语态。句意：看看汽车是如何占领我们的城市的。分析句式结构可知，主语cars与动词take ver之间是主谓关系，应用主动语态。故去掉have后的been。
8.考查定语从句引导词。句意：它们经常高速行驶，这可能会危及我们的生命。分析句子结构可知，逗号后是非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面的一句话，在从句中做主语，应用which 引导。故将what改为which。
9.考查时态。句意：还有交通堵塞。根据上下文时态可知，本句应用一般现在时。故将were改为are。
10.考查名词。句意：如果用自行车代替汽车，我们的城市将变得更好。bicycle为可数名词，由句中的cars和句意可知，此处应用复数形式。故将bicycle改为bicycles。
【点睛】
第二节：书面表达（满分25分）
52. 假定你是李华，即将参加你校举行的英语演讲比赛。命题演讲环节要求你介绍一道中国美食。请你写一篇演讲稿。内容包括：
1．菜品介绍；
2．制作过程。
注意：
1．写作词数应为100左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Distinguished guests,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Distinguished guests,
I’m Li Hua. It’s my great hnr t intrduce a famus Chinese cuisine t yu, dumplings.
As a simple but tasty fd, dumplings enjy dramatic ppularity in China, demnstrating the essence f Chinese cuisines. Mrever, presented in mst festive situatins, dumplings have becme a symbl f family reunin.
T make dumplings, dugh is firstly needed t wrap delicius stuffing. Then, the mn-shaped dumplings are ready t be biled, steamed, r fried, which are ften served with vinegar.
If yu are a fd enthusiastic, Chinese dumplings are well wrth a try.
Thanks fr yur attentin.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是李华，即将参加你校举行的英语演讲比赛。命题演讲环节要求你介绍一道中国美食。请你写一篇演讲稿。
【详解】1.美味的：tasty→delicius
此外：mrever→furthermre
准备好的：be ready t→be prepared t
爱好者：enthusiast→fancier
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：As a simple but tasty fd, dumplings enjy dramatic ppularity in China, demnstrating the essence f Chinese cuisines.
拓展句：As a simple but tasty fd, dumplings enjy dramatic ppularity in China, which demnstrates the essence f Chinese cuisines.
【点睛】【高分句型1】As a simple but tasty fd, dumplings enjy dramatic ppularity in China, demnstrating the essence f Chinese cuisines.（运用了现在分词作状语）
【高分句型2】Then, the mn-shaped dumplings are ready t be biled, steamed, r fried, which are ften served with vinegar.（运用了which引导非限制性定语从句）
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