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- Unit 2 How often do you exercise知识点精讲精练-英语八年级上册教材知识点精讲精练(人教新目标版) 试卷 1 次下载
- Unit 3 I’m more outgoing than my sister.知识点精讲精练-英语八年级上册教材知识点精讲精练(人教新目标版) 试卷 1 次下载
- Unit 4 What's the best movie theater知识点精讲精练-英语八年级上册教材知识点精讲精练(人教新目标版) 试卷 1 次下载
- Unit 5 Do you want to watch a game show知识点精讲精练-英语八年级上册教材知识点精讲精练(人教新目标版) 试卷 1 次下载
- unit6知识点精讲精练英语八年级上册（人教新目标版） 试卷 1 次下载
Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation知识点精讲精练-英语八年级上册教材知识点精讲精练(人教新目标版)
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这是一份Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation知识点精讲精练-英语八年级上册教材知识点精讲精练(人教新目标版)，共22页。
Unit1 Where did you go on vacation?知识点讲解。（一）Where did you go on vacation?on vacation意为“在度假”，结构“on+名词”表示“在某种状态中”。 例句：My family went to Hangzhou on vacation last year.（二）...visited my uncle.visit此处用作及物动词，后接人或物做宾语，意为“拜访、看望”，后接表示地点的名词，意为“参观、游览”。 例句：I visited my uncle last week. 例句：Do you want to visit Beijing?...go with anyone? anyone1、anyone用作不定代词，意为“有人、任何人”，相当于anybody。2、表示“某人”，常用于否定句、疑问句及条件句。表示“任何人”时，用于肯定句。3、用作主语，谓语动词用单数。4、被形容词修饰时，形容词应置于其后。例句：Did you meet anyone friendly in that city? 例句：Anyone in my class knows him.（四）...buy anything special? 1、buy用作双宾语动词，表示“买”，常用的结构为“buy sb. sth.”或者“buy sth. for sb.”，表示“为某人买某物”。 例句：My mother bought me a bike.=My mother bought a bike for me. 【拓展】可接双宾语的动词还有give, bring, show, tell, sell等。 give sb. sth.=give sth. to sb. 给某人某物 bring sb. sth.=bring sth. to sb. 把某物带给某人 show sb. sth.=show sth. to sb. 给某人看某物 tell sb. sth.=tell sth. to sb. 告诉某人某物 sell sb. sth.=sell sth. to sb. 把某物卖给某人 2、形容词修饰复合不定代词（something/body/one, anything/body/one, nothing/body/one, everything/body/one）时，放在复合不定代词后面。 例句：I have something important to tell you. 【例题】—Did you buy during the trip?—Yes. I bought a bag which was made of bamboo.A . something special B . anything specialC . special something D . special anything【解析】B 形容词修饰不定代词放在不定代词后面，anything用于疑问句或否定句中，something用于肯定句中。We took quite a few photos there. 1、take photos意为“拍照、照相”，take a photo/photos of sb./sth.意为“给……拍照”。 例句：They took many photos . 例句：Could you take a photo of us? quite a few 相当多，不少【辨析】辨析quite a few，quite a little，few，little，a little，a few（1）quite a little=quite a few 相当多；不少。表示肯定意义；quite a little修饰不可数名词，quite a few修饰可数名词（2）few “几乎没有”，表示否定意义，修饰可数名词复数。（3）little“几乎没有”，表示否定意义，修饰不可数名词。 （4）a few “一些”，表示肯定意义，修饰可数名词 （5）a little “一些”，表示否定意义，修饰不可数名词【例题】用little,few,a little,a few填空。The problem is so difficult that students can solve it.There is milk at home. We need to buy some in the supermarket.There is water in the bottle. You can drink it.Terry made quite mistakes in the exam because he was careless.【答案】few；little；a little；a few【解析】【小题1】句意：这个问题太难了，几乎没有学生能解决。students是可数名词，且此处需表示否定，因为“The problem is sodifficult”可知问题太难了，因此几乎没有学生能解决。few“几乎没有”（修饰可数名词）。故填few。【小题2】句意：家里几乎没有牛奶。我们需要在超市买一些。milk是不可数名词，且此处需表示否定，因为“We need to buysome in the supermarket.”可知需要在超市买一些，因此几乎没有牛奶了。little“几乎没有”（修饰不可数名词）。故填little。【小题3】句意：瓶子里有一点水。你可以喝。water是不可数名词，且此处需表示肯定，因为“You can drink it.”可知可以喝水，因此还有点水。a little“有一些”（修饰不可数名词）。故填a little。【小题4】句意：Terry在考试中犯了不少错误，因为他粗心。mistakes是可数名词，且此处需表示肯定，因为“he was careless”可知他粗心，因此犯了点错。a few有一些（修饰可数名词）。故填a few。（五）I just stayed at home most of the time to read and relax. most of表示“……中大多数”，后接可数名词或者不可数名词，作主语时，谓语动词单复数取决于其后面所接名词的单复数。 例句：Most of the food is nice. 例句：Most of us are going to shopping. 【例题】It was Sally's first time to cook dinner.And most of the food she made very salty.is B.was C .are【答案】B【解析】此句为一般过去式，且most of后面的名词为food，所以选B（六）No, I bought nothing. nothing用作不定代词，表示“没有任何东西”，相当于not anything。Did everyone have a good time? have a good time表示“玩得开心”，后接动词ing，表示“做某事很开心”，have a good time相当于enjoy oneself/have fun。 例句：We had a good time at the party. =We enjoyed ourselves at the party. =We had fun at the party. 例句：I had a good time playing with my sister. 【例题】I have a good time▁(talk) with some old friends.【答案】talking【详解】句意：我和一些老朋友聊天很开心。根据固定搭配have a good time(in)doing sth“做某事很开心”可知，应该填的是talk“谈话”的动名词talking作宾语，故填talking。Did you go shopping?go shopping表示“去购物、去买东西”，类似的短语还有：go swimming, go skating, go fishing, go hiking, go boating, go camping等。 例句：I went shopping and bought something for my parents. （九）Still no one seemed to be bored.1、 seem用作系动词，表示“似乎、好像”，常用的结构有：seem+adj./to be/that+句子。2、bored表示“感到厌倦的”，用来说明人的感受；boring表示“令人厌烦的、单调的”，用来说明事物的特征。例句：The film was so boring that almost anyone felt bored.【拓展】以ed结尾的形容词，通常用来修饰或者描述人，以ing结尾的动词，通常用来修饰或者描述物，类似的形容词还有：interesting/interested; exciting/excited; surprising/surprised；relaxing/relaxed。（十）How did you like it? How do you like...?意为“你认为……怎么样”，相当于How do you feel about...?或者What do you think of...?（十一）Of course! of course意为“当然”，相当于sure或者certainly。例句：-May I borrow your dictionary?例句：-Of course!（十二）I really enjoyed walking around the town. enjoy用作及物动词，表示“喜欢”，后接名词、代词或者动名词做宾语。【拓展】enjoy v. 享受；喜爱 enjoy oneself=have fun=have a good/great time 玩得高兴（其后+doing） enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事例句：Do you enjoy music?例句：I don’t enjoy playing computer games.（十三）What activities do you find enjoyable?1、find这里表示“发现、觉得”，宾语后常接宾语补足语，常用的结构有：find sb./sth.+n./adj./doing sth./介词短语。 2、enjoyable是enjoy的形容词形式，表示“有趣的、令人愉快的”。 例句：The job is enjoyable and I like it. （十四）I arrived in Penang in Malaysia this morning with my family. arrive作不及物动词，表示“到达”，接宾语时，需要加上介词in或者at。例句：We are arriving at the station at four o’clock. 【拓展】reach表示“到达”时，是及物动词，后面直接接表示地点的名词作宾语。另外两个表示“到达”的动词（get和arrive）都是不及物动词，get to+地点；arrive in/at+地点。【总结】到达某地 1、get to+地点（口语常用)2、arrive+in+大地点 arrive+at+小地点 3、reach+地点【例题】She will arrive Xiamen the morning of May 25th.Maria is leaving for China soon by air. A . at; in B.in;on C.at;on【答案】B【解析】句意：玛丽亚很快就要乘飞机去中国了。她将于5月25日上午到达厦门。考查时间介词和地点介词。arrive in+大地点，arrive at+小地点，两者都表示“到达某地”；“Xiamen”属于大地点，所以用介词in；in作为时间介词，后跟年月、季节以及泛指的早、中、晚；on后跟具体的某一天的上午、下午。根据“the morning of May25th”可知，具体到了5月25日的早上，所以用介词on。故选B。（十五）...so we decided to go to the beach near our hotel. decide表示“决定”时，常用的结构为：decide to do sth.“决定做某事”。例句：I decide to visit Beijing.【例题】—Tom, do you think reading is important?—Yes, I do. So I decide more time reading from now on.A . spend B . to spend C. spending【答案】B【解析】句意：——Tom，你觉得阅读重要吗？——是的。所以我决定从现在开始花更多时间来阅读。考查动词不定式作宾语。spend花费，动词原形；to spend花费，动词不定式；spending花费，动名词或现在分词。decide to dosth表示“决定做某事”，因此空格处应填动词不定式，在句中作宾语。故选B。（十六）My sister and I tried paragliding. try doing sth. “尝试做某事”；try to do sth. “尽力做某事”。 例句：The doctor tries to save the girl. The boy tried playing the piano. 【拓展】try也可以用作名词，表示“尝试”，have a try表示“尝试一下”。 例句：He is going to have a try. 【复习】动词后既能+to do，又能+doing的还有：remember；forget。（区别：+to do表示未做过；+doing表示已做过）【例题】My teacher told us to try ( study ) English well. So we practice speaking English every day.【答案】to study【解析】句意：我的老师告诉我们要努力学好英语。所以我们每天练习说英语。try to do sth.意为“努力做某事”，study“学习”。故填to study。（十七）...because we forgot to bring an umbrella. forget to do sth.“忘记做某事”，强调忘记去做某事，实际上也没有做；forget doing sth.“忘记做过某事”，强调已经做过某事，但是忘记了。（十八）I felt like I was a bird. feel like此处表示“感觉像”，后接从句。 例句：He feels like he is flying. 【拓展】feel like还可以表示“想要”，后接名词、代词或者动名词做宾语，feel like doing sth.=would like to do sth.=want to do sth. 例句：Do you feel like going shopping? =Would you like to go shopping? =Do you want to go shopping? 【例题】Why don't you feel like (eat) lunch?【答案】eating【解析】句意：为什么你不想吃午餐。根据句意和所给词汇可知，考查“feel like doing”“想做某事”，介词“like”后接动名词作宾语。故填eating。（十九）My classmates told me to keep going, so I went on.1、tell sb. to do sth.“告诉某人做某事”，tell sb. not to do sth.“告诉某人不要做某事”。例句：The teacher told us to clean the classroom.例句：I told her not to draw on the wall.2、keep doing sth.表示“继续做某事、一直做某事”例句：She kept watching TV for two hours last night.3、 go on表示“继续”，go on to do sth.表示“（完成一件事后）接着做另一件事”，go on doing sth./go on with sth.意为“继续做同一件事”。例句：She went on to have lunch.例句：You can’t go on working without any rest.例句：We will go on with the discussion tomorrow.（二十）There are a lot of new buildings now... a lot of相当于lots of表示“许多”，可以用来修饰可数名词复数或者不可数名词。 例句：There is a lot of rain in summer . 【拓展】 只修饰不可数名词的量词有：a little, little, a great deal of, much, too much 只修饰可数名词的量词有：a few, few, several, many, too many, a number of 既可以修饰不可数名词也可以修饰可数名词的量词有：some, any, a lot of, lots of, plenty of 【例题】He is a famous movie star and he has a lot of (fan).【答案】fans【解析】句意：他是一位著名的电影明星，他有很多影迷。根据句意和所给词汇可知，a lot of后面要跟可数名词的复数形式。故填fans。（二十一） I wonder what life was like here in th past.wonder表示“好奇、想知道”，后接whether/if, what, who, why等引导宾语从句。 例句：I wonder what they are doing now. （二十二） What a difference a day makes! 本句是what引导的感叹句，what引导的感叹句常用的结构有：“What+a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+主语+谓语”或者“What+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词+主语+谓语”。 例句：What a beautiful flower! 例句：What interesting books these are! 【拓展】how引导的感叹句的结构为“How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语”。 例句：How beautiful the bird is! （二十三） We wanted to walk up to the top, but then it started raining a little so we decided to take the train.1、 want表示“想要”时，为及物动词，后接不定式作宾语或者用于句型“want sb. to do sth.”中，表示“想要某人做某事”。 例句：She wants her parents to go shopping. 2、 start后常接名词、动词不定式或者动名词作宾语，用法相当于begin。 例句：Let’s start discussing/to discuss about the next problem. （二十四）We waited over an hour for the train because there are too many people.1、wait for sb./sth.“等待某人或者某事”；wait to do sth.“等待做某事”；can’t wait to do sth.“迫不及待做某事” 例句：We are waiting for the result . 例句：All the passengers are waiting to get on the bus. 例句：The children can’t wait to rush out after the class is over. 2、 over此处表示“多于、超过”，相当于more than。 例句：My father is over 40 years old. 3、too much, much too和too many辨析 too much “太多（的）” 用作形容词，修饰不可数名词 much too “太...” 用作副词，修饰形容词和副词 too many “太多的” 用作形容词，修饰可数名词复数 （二十五）And because of the bad weather, we couldn’t see anything below. 1、because of意为“因为、由于”，后接名词、代词或者动名词，because是连词，引导原因状语从句，后接一个句子。 例句：He is late for school because of the bad weather. =He is late for school because the weather is bad. 2、 below表示“在……以下、低于”，反义词是above，意为“在……之上，超过”。 例句：It was five degrees below zero last night. （二十六） My father didn’t bring enough money...1、 bring表示“带来”，强调从别的地方带到说话的地方，常与副词here连用；take表示“带走”，强调从说话的地方带去别的地方，常与副词there连用；carry表示“搬、抬”，没有方向性。 例句：The students brought their homework to school in the morning and take them home after school. 2、 enough可以用作形容词，表示“足够的、充分的”，用来修饰名词，可以放在名词前面，也可以放在名词后面。 例句：The man has enough money. =The man has money enough. 【拓展】enough还可以用作副词，修饰形容词或者副词，放在形容词或者副词后面，常用的结构为：be +adj.+enough+to do sth.“足够……能够做某事”。 例句：The boy is old enough to go to school. （二十七） Well, but the next day was not as good. as…as或not as…as表示“和……一样”或“和……不一样”。例句：I am as careful as Linda．例句：He doesn’t run as fast as Tom．（二十八）Twenty minutes later, the sun started to come up. come up意为“升起、发生”。 例句：It gets hot after the sun has come up. （二十九）My legs were so tired that I wanted to stop. so...that...意为“如此……以至于……”，用来引导结果状语从句，so是副词，后面接形容词或者副词。例句：Our school is so beautiful that everyone likes it.【拓展】such...that...引导结果状语从句，表示“如此……以至于……”，such后面接名词短语，名词前经常跟有形容词进行修饰。例句：He is such a smart boy that we all like him.（三十）感叹句的常用句型：1、 What + a + adj.+可数名词单数+主语+谓语+其它！ 2、 What + adj.+可数名词复数+主语+谓语+其它！ 3、What + adj.+不可数名词+主语+谓语+其它！ 4、 How + adj.+主语+谓语+其它！ 5、How + adv. +主语+谓语+其它！ （三十一）复合不定代词1、初中阶段常见的复合不定代词列表如下：2、当形容词修饰复合不定代词时，形容词必须放在复合不定代词后面：例句：There is nothing important in his bag. 3、复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数。如：Is everyone here today?4、something , somebody , someone , somewhere 用于肯定句及表示请求、建议或邀请的疑问句中。5、anything , anybody , anyone , anywhere 用于否定句、疑问句及条件状语从句中。（三十二）一般过去时1、概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。2、时间状语：ago，yesterday，the day before yesterday，last week（year，night，month．．．）， in 1989，just now，at the age of 5，one day，long long ago，once upon a time，…基本结构：肯定形式：① be动词过去式was/were； ② 实意动词过去式。 否定形式：① was／were ＋not； ② 主语+ didn’t + 实意动词原形 一般疑问句：① was或were放在句首； ② Did + 主语+ 实意动词原形 相应的回答：① Yes, sb did ② No, sb didn’t 4、动词过去式的构成方式在一般过去时中，谓语动词要用过去式，过去式的变化分为规则变化和不规则变化两种。下面讲一下规则变化：二、同步训练（一）完形填空Last summer I went camping with my friends. On a Saturday morning my three friends and I took the train to a ___1___. We arrived at 1:00 p.m. and went to a store to get some ___2___ first.We ___3___ the tent quickly when we got to the camping place in the mountain. Pete is good at ___4___, so he decided to make our dinner. ___5___, we didn’t bring any matches (火柴). Pete had to ask the campers next to us for some. At night, we made a ___6___ and sat around. We ate delicious food, told stories and sang. Everything was ___7___ but the campfire, the stars and the moon. In the tent we couldn’t ___8___ anything. Tom had a flashlight (手电筒) , so we ___9___ him to get into our sleeping bags.In the morning we got up early and had a big breakfast. Then we went ____10____. We saw some nice birds and took many pictures of them. We found some beautiful flowers, ____11____ we didn’t pick them.Not ____12____ went well. It was very hot, and we had to ____13____ to drink water often. And we lost our ____14____ twice because Terry left the compass (指南针) in the tent. However, it was always ____15____ to spend a weekend with friends, especially (尤其) in this clean and quiet place.1．A．forest B．mountain C．river D．beach2．A．work B．sleep C．food D．help3．A．got up B．put up C．stayed up D．cleaned up4．A．skating B．reading C．drawing D．cooking5．A．Unluckily B．Importantly C．Usually D．Differently6．A．rule B．game C．fire D．call7．A．funny B．dirty C．noisy D．dark8．A．eat B．see C．hear D．feel9．A．moved B．tasted C．used D．followed（跟随）10．A．swimming B．climbing C．shopping D．camping11．A．so B．because C．if D．but12．A．everything B．nothing C．something D．anything13．A．seem B．learn C．wish D．stop14．A．map B．money C．way D．tent15．A．easy B．fun C．free D．short（二）阅读单选How many kinds of animals are talked about in the passage?A．Four. B．Five. C．Six. D．Seven.17．Now Mr. Smith is in the zoo with his two sons, one aged 14 and the other 10, how much are the tickets together?A．$ 4.00. B．$ 2.00. C．$ 3.00. D．$ 1.00.18．Which of the following is the visiting time?A．8:30 a.m. Monday. B．9:30 a.m. Friday.C．3:00 p.m. Sunday. D．5.00 p.m. Tuesday.19．From the passage we can guess the animal “giraffe” must be very ________.A．fat B．long C．strong D．tall20．Which of the following can we do in the zoo?A．To give some food to the fish. B．To touch the monkey on the head.C．To throw things everywhere. D．To take a few nice photos.Now more and more foreign(外国的) students make visits to China to study Chinese. 24-year-old Russian girl Alina Salionova is one of them.Alina had a six-day trip with her two friends in China. They joined a traveling group. In the group, there were more than 60 visitors from different countries. They visited the Great Wall and the Palace Museum in Beijing, the ancient city—Pingyao in Shanxi and the Terracotta Army(兵马俑) in Shaanxi.“I wanted to see the Terracotta Army before. My dream comes true now,” Alina said.Alina started to study Chinese at the Confucius Institute(孔子学院) in her country eight years ago. The girl is really interested in Chinese language and culture.“China has many famous places and a long history. People are kind to help when we’re in need,” Alina said.Alina visited China for the second time. She first visited Beijing to watch the 2008 Olympic Games. During that summer, she also visited Harbin, Shanghai and Hangzhou.“That trip made me fall in love with China. I decided to study Chinese well. Now I’m quite good at it. Russia is the host of the 2018 World Cup. I’ll try my best to help travelers from China at that time,” said Alina.21．More and more foreign students visit China because _________.A．they plan to study Chinese B．Chinese people are friendly to themC．China held the 2008 Olympic Games D．there are many places of interest in China22．When did Alina start to study Chinese？A．In 2007. B．In 2017. C．When she was 24 years old. D．When she was 16 years old.23．What can we learn from the text？A．Alina went to Pingyao in 2008. B．Alina may do a job at the 2018 World Cup.C．Alina always dreamed of visiting the Great Wall. D．Alina is learning Chinese at the Confucius Institute in China.24．What’s the best title for the passage？A．The 2018 World Cup B．A Girl’s Travel in ChinaC．How to Join a Traveling Group D．Why Many Foreign People Come to ChinaThere was a big garden in front of Jeff’s house. So on weekends, many children came to play soccer from morning to late night. They made a lot of noise(噪音), but Jeff couldn’t do anything.He thought hard and hard and had an idea. One Saturday evening, he went out and said to them, “It is my happy time when I see and hear you playing here. So I will give you fifty yuan a week if you play in the garden here.”The children felt very happy and on Saturday evening they came to Jeff’s house and asked for the money. He did so. The second week, Jeff said he didn’t have enough money and only gave them twenty yuan. The third week Jeff said he lost his job, but he gave them only ten yuan. And the boys were very disappointed. The fourth week Jeff said he was looking for his job. He gave them only five yuan. And said he couldn’t pay them fifty yuan a week. But he would give them two yuan each week.After that, the boys never played in the garden again.25．At first the children liked playing soccer in front of Jeff’s house because _________________.A．there was a big garden there.B．Jeff liked to see and hear them playingC．Jeff gave them some moneyD．they could make a lot of noise.26．Jeff gave the children money to ________________.A．let them play soccer there.B．make friends with themC．make them become famous playersD．stop them from playing soccer there.27．Children felt very happy at first because ____________.A．Jeff was kind and friendly to themB．they could get money and do something they enjoyedC．they could play soccer from morning to late nightD．they did good things for Jeff28．The underlined word “disappointed” mean “__________”.A．愤怒的, B．满意的, C．失望的, D．绝望的29．How much did the children get in total (总共)?A．85 yuan, B．82 yuan, C．50 yuan, D．35 yuanMy friend Alice visited my city last week. She arrived on Wednesday morning. She is from Australia. I showed her around the city. We visited the Clock Tower first. The Clock Tower was very tall. We took some photos there. Then we went to City Museum. After that，we saw a good movie. The next day, we visited the Ladies' Street(女人街)．There were a lot of clothes shops. The clothes were cheap and beautiful. Alice bought some clothes for her parents and friends. Then we went to the Seafood(海鲜)Street. We bought some seafood. We also had seafood in a restaurant. All of us enjoyed the meal. Then we went to a concert(音乐会)in the evening. The music was fantastic!On the third day，the weather was very hot so we decided to visit the Monkey Garden. We found different kinds of monkeys in the Garden. The monkeys were funny and active. Alice went back to Australia on Friday evening. She enjoyed the trip. She invited(邀请)me to visit Australia next summer.30．Where did the writer and Alice go on the first day?A．The Ladies' Street. B．The Clock Tower.C．The Monkey Garden. D．The museum.31．At the Ladies' Street(女人街)，there were lots of________ shops.A．seafood B．photoC．clothes D．shoe32．Alice thought the seafood was________in the restaurant.A．delicious B．badC．terrible D．pretty33．What didn't the writer and Alice do during the vacation?A．Went to the concert. B．Bought some clothes.C．Went to the beach. D．Had seafood.34．How many days did Alice spend visiting the city?A．Three days. B．Four days.C．Five days. D．Seven days.（三）语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。Students these days often have a lot of _____35_____(worry). Sometimes they have problems with their schoolwork, and sometimes with their friends. What can they do about this? Some people believe the _____36_____(bad) thing is to do nothing. Laura Mills, _____37_____ teenager from London, agrees. “Problems are normal in life，” says Laura. “But I think talking to someone helps a lot. Unless we talk to someone, we'll certainly feel worse.” Laura once lost her wallet and she _____38_____(be) afraid to tell her parents about it. She worried for days and didn't know _____39_____ to solve the problem. She even walked three miles to school each day because she didn't have _____40_____(some) money. She just kept thinking, “_____41_____ I tell my parents, they'll be angry！” _____42_____(final), she talked to her parents and they were really _____43_____(understand). They got her a new wallet and asked her to be more careful. “I will always remember to share my problems in the future！” Laura says. Her dad said he sometimes made careless mistakes _____44_____(him).（四）短文汉语提示填空根据短文内容和所给汉语提示，写出空白处各单词的正确形式。每空限填一词。Many people like eating junk food. French fries, icecream and hamburgers are all _____45_____(垃圾) food, _____46_____(但是) they are delicious! So people, especially(尤其) children, like _____47_____(吃) them very much. _____48_____(为什么) do people call them junk food? Because there is _____49_____(几乎没有) any nutrition(营养) in them. The food with little nutrition, of course, is bad for your _____50_____(健康) if you eat too much.The _____51_____(名字) of “junk food” comes from Portuguese(葡萄牙语). The word “junk” means “_____52_____(一个) old rope(绳索)”. Just think of this: If someone buys an old rope, will it be very expensive? Your answer must be “No”．After knowing what junk food is, what _____53_____(应该) you do? Oh, yes! _____54_____(不) eat too much of it!（五）材料作文55．假设国庆节期间你打算与你的家人去北京旅行，请根据表格内容，用英语写一篇80词左右的短文，介绍一下你们的行程安排。注意：短文的结尾已给出，不计入总词数。__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________I’m looking forward to the trip and I’m sure we’ll have a good time there. somebody某人anybody某人/任何人nobody没有人everybody每人someone某人anyone某人/任何人no one没有人everyone每人something某事anything某事/任何事nothing没有东西Everything每一件事类型规则举例一般情况加edplant — plantedplay — played以e结尾加dlive — livedchange — changed以“辅音字母＋y”结尾变y为i再加edcarry — carriedstudy — studied以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母双写这个辅音字母，再加edstop — stoppedplan — planned Visit Swansea ZooCome and see the Indian elephants and the new tigers from America. The bears are waiting to meet you, and the monkeys from China are waiting to throw things at you. The lovely dogs from Australia are waiting to laugh at you, and the giraffes from Zambia are waiting to look down on you.Tickets Opening timeGrown-ups: $2.00 9:00 a.m.— 4:00 p.m.Children: Over 12 $1.00 except(除了)Friday Under 12:Free 10:00 a.m.—3:00 p.m.Keep the zoo clean!Do not touch, give food or go near the animals.时间行程安排10.2坐飞机去北京，上午10:30到达，下午欣赏京剧10.3上午去爬长城，下午去颐和园游玩并拍照10.4购物并品尝美食10.5乘火车返回答案1．B 2．C 3．B 4．D 5．A 6．C 7．D 8．B 9．D 10．B 11．D 12．A 13．D 14．C 15．B【解析】1．句意：一个星期六的早晨，我和三个朋友坐火车去了一座山。forest森林；mountain高山；river河流；beach海滩。根据下文“when we got to the camping place in the mountain.”可知，应是去了一座山。故选B。2．句意：我们下午1点到达，先去商店买了些食物。work工作；sleep睡觉；food食物；help帮助。根据常识可知，去山里野营，应是先去买些食物。故选C。3．句意：当我们到达山上的露营地时，我们很快搭起了帐篷。got up起床；put up搭起；stayed up熬夜；cleaned up打扫。根据后句“when we got to the camping place in the mountain.”可知，应是很快搭起了帐篷。故选B。4．句意：皮特擅长烹饪，所以他决定为我们做晚餐。skating滑冰；reading阅读；drawing画画；cooking烹饪。根据后句“so he decided to make our dinner.”可知，应是擅长烹饪。故选D。5．句意：不幸的是，我们没有带来火柴。Unluckily不幸地；Importantly重要地；Usually通常；Differently不同地。根据后句“we didn’t bring any matches (火柴).”可知，没有带来火柴，不能生火做饭，应是不幸地。故选A。6．句意：晚上，我们生了一堆火，坐在四周。rule规则；game游戏；fire火；call电话。根据后句“and sat around.”可知，应是生了一堆火。故选C。7．句意：除了篝火、星星和月亮，一切都很黑暗。funny有趣的；dirty脏的；noisy吵闹的；dark黑暗的。根据上文“At night, we made a…and sat around.”语境可知，在晚上除了篝火、星星和月亮，一切都应是黑暗的。故选D。8．句意：在帐篷里我们什么也看不见。eat吃；see看见；hear听见；feel感觉。根据前句“Everything was…but the campfire, the stars and the moon.”可推知，应是在帐篷里什么也看不见。故选B。9．句意：汤姆有手电筒，所以我们跟着他钻进睡袋。moved移动；tasted品尝；used使用；followed跟随。根据前句“Tom had a flashlight (手电筒) ,”可知，应是跟着他钻进睡袋。故选D。10．句意：然后我们去爬山。swimming游泳；climbing爬山；shopping购物；camping野营。根据下文“We saw some nice birds and took many pictures of them. We found some beautiful flowers,”可知，应是去爬山了。故选B。11．句意：我们发现了一些美丽的花，但我们没有摘。so所以；because因为；if如果；but但是。分析前后句句意可知，空处的词表示转折，故应用but“但是”。故选D。12．句意：并非一切都顺利。everything每件事情；nothing没有事情；something某件事情；anything任何事情。根据下句“It was very hot, and we had to… to drink water often.”语境可知，应是并非一切都顺利。故选A。13．句意：天气很热，我们不得不经常停下来喝水。seem似乎；learn学习；wish希望；stop停止。根据前句“It was very hot,”可推知，应是不得不停下来喝水。故选D。14．句意：我们两次迷路是因为特里把指南针忘在帐篷里了。map地图；money金钱；way道路；tent帐篷。根据后句“because Terry left the compass (指南针) in the tent.”可知，应是两次迷路。故选C。15．句意：然而，与朋友共度周末总是很有趣的，尤其是在这个干净而又安静的地方。Easy容易的；fun有趣的；free空闲的；short短的。根据空后“to spend a weekend with friends, especially (尤其) in this clean and quiet place.”可知，在干净而又安静的地方与朋友共度周末应是很有趣的。故选B。16．C 17．C 18．C 19．D 20．D【解析】16．细节理解题。根据“Come and see the Indian elephants and the new tigers from America.”以及“The bears are waiting to meet you, and the monkeys from China are waiting to throw things at you. The lovely dogs from Australia are waiting to laugh at you, and the giraffes from Zambia are waiting to look down on you.”可知文章提到了大象、老虎、熊、猴子、狗以及长颈鹿，一共六种动物，故选C。17．细节理解题。根据“Grown-ups: $2.00”以及“Children: Over 12 $1.00 Under 12:Free ”可知史密斯先生和他的两个儿子在动物园，一个14岁，另一个10岁，一共需要：2+1+0=3美元，故选C。18．细节理解题。根据“Opening time 9:00 a.m.— 4:00 p.m. except(除了)Friday 10:00 a.m.—3:00 p.m.”可知C选项时间符合，故选C。19．推理判断题。根据“and the giraffes from Zambia are waiting to look down on you”可知长颈鹿是低头看你，说明长颈鹿很高，故选D。20．细节理解题。根据“Keep the zoo clean! Do not touch, give food or go near the animals.”可知ABC选项是不可以做的，故选D。21．A 22．D 23．B 24．B【解析】21．细节理解题。根据“Now more and more foreign(外国的) students make visits to China to study Chinese”可知越来越多的外国学生来中国学习汉语，故选A。22．细节理解题。根据“24-year-old Russian girl Alina Salionova is one of them.”（24岁的俄罗斯女孩Alina Salinova就是其中之一。）以及“Alina started to study Chinese at the Confucius Institute(孔子学院) in her country eight years ago.”（八年前，Alina开始在她的国家孔子学院学习汉语。）可知八年前Alina16岁，故选D。23．推理判断题。根据“Russia is the host of the 2018 World Cup. I’ll try my best to help travelers from China at that time”（俄罗斯是2018年世界杯的主办国。届时我将尽最大努力帮助来自中国的游客）可推知Alina可能会在2018年世界杯上发挥作用，故选B。24．最佳标题题。短文主要讲述了一个24的俄罗斯女孩和她的朋友来中国旅游并学习的故事，故选B。25．A 26．D 27．B 28．C 29．A【解析】25．细节理解题，根据第一段“There was a big garden in front of Jeff’s house. So on weekends, many children came to play soccer from morning to late night.”，可知，孩子们在Jeff家门口踢球是因为那里有个大花园，故选A。26．细节理解题，根据第二段“He thought hard and hard and had an idea. One Saturday evening, he went out and said to them, “It is my happy time when I see and hear you playing here. So I will give you fifty yuan a week if you play in the garden here.””，可知，Jeff给孩子们钱是让他们不再来花园玩，故选D。27．细节理解题，根据“The children felt very happy and on Saturday evening they came to Jeff’s house and asked for the money.”孩子们开心是因为有钱拿还可以玩得开心，故选B28．细节理解题，根据“The third week Jeff said he lost his job, but he gave them only ten yuan. And the boys were very disappointed.”，我们可知当孩子们拿到比以前少的钱时，应该是失望的，故选C29．细节理解题，根据文章可知“第一周fifty yuan+ 第二周twenty yuan+第三周ten yuan+第四周five yuan”故选A。30．B 31．C 32．A 33．C 34．A【解析】30．细节理解题。根据We visited the Clock Tower first. The Clock Tower was very tall. We took some photos there. Then we went to City Museum. After that，we saw a good movie.可知第一天去过的地点，故选B。31．细节理解题。根据The next day, we visited the Ladies' Street(女人街)．There were a lot of clothes shops. The clothes were cheap and beautiful.故选C。32．细节理解题。根据We also had seafood in a restaurant. All of us enjoyed the meal.可知爱丽丝喜欢海鲜，所以她可能感到美味，故选A。33．细节理解题。综合全文，可知作者和爱丽丝没有去沙滩，故选C。34．细节理解题。根据爱丽丝到的时间She arrived on Wednesday morning及离开的时间Alice went back to Australia on Friday evening，故选A。35．worries 36．worst 37．a 38．was 39．how 40．any 41．If 42．Finally 43．understanding 44．himself【解析】35．句意：现在的学生常常有很多烦恼。worry是可数名词/动词，翻译为“烦恼/为……感到担心”。分析句子可知，此处用在a lot of之后，所以用其名词复数形式，故答案为worries。36．句意：有些人认为什么都不做是最坏的事。bad是形容词，翻译为“坏的”。分析句子可知，此处用在“the+ adj”结构中，表示最高级，所以用其形容词最高级形式，故答案为worst。37．句意：来自伦敦的青少年劳拉·米尔斯同意这一观点。分析句子可知，此处用在名词teenager之前，指“一个青少年”，所以用不定冠词a修饰，故答案为a。38．句意：劳拉曾经丢了钱包并且她不敢告诉父母这件事。分析句子可知，并列句前半句的动词是lost，表示一般过去时，所以此处也应该用动词过去式，故答案为was。39．句意：她担心了好几天，不知道如何解决这个问题。分析句子可知，此处表示“如何，怎样”的含义，故答案为how。40．句意：她甚至每天步行三英里去上学，因为她没有钱。some翻译为“一些”。分析句子可知，此处用在否定句中，应将some改成any，故答案为any。41．句意：如果我告诉我的父母，他们会生气的！分析句子可知，此处主从句满足“主将从现”的用法，翻译为“如果”并用于句首，故答案为If。42．句意：最后，她和父母谈了谈。final是形容词，翻译为“最终的”。分析句子可知，此处表示状语，应用其副词形式，且用在句首，故答案为Finally。43．句意：他们真的能理解我。understand是动词，翻译为“理解”。分析句子可知，此处用在be动词were之后，应用其形容词形式作表语，故答案为understanding。44．句意：她爸爸说他自己有时会粗心犯错误。him是人称代词宾格形式，翻译为“他”。分析句子可知，此处表示“他自己”的含义，所以用其反身代词形式，故答案为himself。45．junk 46．but 47．eating 48．Why 49．hardly 50．health 51．name 52．an 53．should 54．Don't【解析】45．句意：炸薯条，冰淇淋和汉堡包都是垃圾食品。“垃圾”用英语表达是junk，“junk food”翻译为“垃圾食品”，是固定搭配，故答案为junk。46．句意：但是它们是美味的！“但是”用英语表达是but，做连词，表转折含义，故答案为but。47．句意：所以人们，尤其是孩子们非常喜欢吃它们。“吃”用英语表达是eat，此处用在动词like之后，需满足“like+ doing/to do“结构，又因为每空一次，故答案为eating。48．句意：为什么人们叫它们垃圾食品？“为什么”用英语表达是why，此处用在句首，所以应大写，故答案为Why。49．句意：因为它们当中几乎没有任何营养。“几乎没有”用英语表达是hardly，副词，此处用来修饰动词is，故答案为hardly。50．句意：没有营养的食物，如果你吃太多会对你的健康有害。“健康”用英语表达是health，名词，此处用在形容词性物主代词your之后，用其名词原形即可，故答案为health。51．句意：“垃圾食品”这个名词来源于葡萄牙语。“名字”用英语表达是name，此处用在“the+ n+ of”结构中，所以此处用名词原形即可，故答案为name。52．句意：“垃圾”这个词意思是“一根旧绳索”。“一个”用英语表达是a/an，因为此处用在old 之前，old 首字母发元音音素，故答案为an。53．句意：知道什么是垃圾食品之后，你应该做什么？“应该”用英语表达是should，此处用在特殊疑问句之中，将should放到主语之前即可，故答案为should。54．句意：不要吃太多！此处是一个表示否定的祈使句，否定祈使句可用“Don't+动词原形”结构，故答案为Don't。55．One possible version:I am planning to visit Beijing during the National Day holiday with my family. We’ll get there by air at 10: 30 a m, on October 2, and we can enjoy Beijing opera in the afternoon. We are going to climb the Great Wall on the morning of October 3, and then visit the Summer Palace in the afternoon. We can take photos there. On October 4, we will do some shopping and try some delicious food. On the fifth of October, we will go back home by train.I’m looking forward to the trip and I’m sure we’ll have a good time there.
Unit1 Where did you go on vacation?知识点讲解。（一）Where did you go on vacation?on vacation意为“在度假”，结构“on+名词”表示“在某种状态中”。 例句：My family went to Hangzhou on vacation last year.（二）...visited my uncle.visit此处用作及物动词，后接人或物做宾语，意为“拜访、看望”，后接表示地点的名词，意为“参观、游览”。 例句：I visited my uncle last week. 例句：Do you want to visit Beijing?...go with anyone? anyone1、anyone用作不定代词，意为“有人、任何人”，相当于anybody。2、表示“某人”，常用于否定句、疑问句及条件句。表示“任何人”时，用于肯定句。3、用作主语，谓语动词用单数。4、被形容词修饰时，形容词应置于其后。例句：Did you meet anyone friendly in that city? 例句：Anyone in my class knows him.（四）...buy anything special? 1、buy用作双宾语动词，表示“买”，常用的结构为“buy sb. sth.”或者“buy sth. for sb.”，表示“为某人买某物”。 例句：My mother bought me a bike.=My mother bought a bike for me. 【拓展】可接双宾语的动词还有give, bring, show, tell, sell等。 give sb. sth.=give sth. to sb. 给某人某物 bring sb. sth.=bring sth. to sb. 把某物带给某人 show sb. sth.=show sth. to sb. 给某人看某物 tell sb. sth.=tell sth. to sb. 告诉某人某物 sell sb. sth.=sell sth. to sb. 把某物卖给某人 2、形容词修饰复合不定代词（something/body/one, anything/body/one, nothing/body/one, everything/body/one）时，放在复合不定代词后面。 例句：I have something important to tell you. 【例题】—Did you buy during the trip?—Yes. I bought a bag which was made of bamboo.A . something special B . anything specialC . special something D . special anything【解析】B 形容词修饰不定代词放在不定代词后面，anything用于疑问句或否定句中，something用于肯定句中。We took quite a few photos there. 1、take photos意为“拍照、照相”，take a photo/photos of sb./sth.意为“给……拍照”。 例句：They took many photos . 例句：Could you take a photo of us? quite a few 相当多，不少【辨析】辨析quite a few，quite a little，few，little，a little，a few（1）quite a little=quite a few 相当多；不少。表示肯定意义；quite a little修饰不可数名词，quite a few修饰可数名词（2）few “几乎没有”，表示否定意义，修饰可数名词复数。（3）little“几乎没有”，表示否定意义，修饰不可数名词。 （4）a few “一些”，表示肯定意义，修饰可数名词 （5）a little “一些”，表示否定意义，修饰不可数名词【例题】用little,few,a little,a few填空。The problem is so difficult that students can solve it.There is milk at home. We need to buy some in the supermarket.There is water in the bottle. You can drink it.Terry made quite mistakes in the exam because he was careless.【答案】few；little；a little；a few【解析】【小题1】句意：这个问题太难了，几乎没有学生能解决。students是可数名词，且此处需表示否定，因为“The problem is sodifficult”可知问题太难了，因此几乎没有学生能解决。few“几乎没有”（修饰可数名词）。故填few。【小题2】句意：家里几乎没有牛奶。我们需要在超市买一些。milk是不可数名词，且此处需表示否定，因为“We need to buysome in the supermarket.”可知需要在超市买一些，因此几乎没有牛奶了。little“几乎没有”（修饰不可数名词）。故填little。【小题3】句意：瓶子里有一点水。你可以喝。water是不可数名词，且此处需表示肯定，因为“You can drink it.”可知可以喝水，因此还有点水。a little“有一些”（修饰不可数名词）。故填a little。【小题4】句意：Terry在考试中犯了不少错误，因为他粗心。mistakes是可数名词，且此处需表示肯定，因为“he was careless”可知他粗心，因此犯了点错。a few有一些（修饰可数名词）。故填a few。（五）I just stayed at home most of the time to read and relax. most of表示“……中大多数”，后接可数名词或者不可数名词，作主语时，谓语动词单复数取决于其后面所接名词的单复数。 例句：Most of the food is nice. 例句：Most of us are going to shopping. 【例题】It was Sally's first time to cook dinner.And most of the food she made very salty.is B.was C .are【答案】B【解析】此句为一般过去式，且most of后面的名词为food，所以选B（六）No, I bought nothing. nothing用作不定代词，表示“没有任何东西”，相当于not anything。Did everyone have a good time? have a good time表示“玩得开心”，后接动词ing，表示“做某事很开心”，have a good time相当于enjoy oneself/have fun。 例句：We had a good time at the party. =We enjoyed ourselves at the party. =We had fun at the party. 例句：I had a good time playing with my sister. 【例题】I have a good time▁(talk) with some old friends.【答案】talking【详解】句意：我和一些老朋友聊天很开心。根据固定搭配have a good time(in)doing sth“做某事很开心”可知，应该填的是talk“谈话”的动名词talking作宾语，故填talking。Did you go shopping?go shopping表示“去购物、去买东西”，类似的短语还有：go swimming, go skating, go fishing, go hiking, go boating, go camping等。 例句：I went shopping and bought something for my parents. （九）Still no one seemed to be bored.1、 seem用作系动词，表示“似乎、好像”，常用的结构有：seem+adj./to be/that+句子。2、bored表示“感到厌倦的”，用来说明人的感受；boring表示“令人厌烦的、单调的”，用来说明事物的特征。例句：The film was so boring that almost anyone felt bored.【拓展】以ed结尾的形容词，通常用来修饰或者描述人，以ing结尾的动词，通常用来修饰或者描述物，类似的形容词还有：interesting/interested; exciting/excited; surprising/surprised；relaxing/relaxed。（十）How did you like it? How do you like...?意为“你认为……怎么样”，相当于How do you feel about...?或者What do you think of...?（十一）Of course! of course意为“当然”，相当于sure或者certainly。例句：-May I borrow your dictionary?例句：-Of course!（十二）I really enjoyed walking around the town. enjoy用作及物动词，表示“喜欢”，后接名词、代词或者动名词做宾语。【拓展】enjoy v. 享受；喜爱 enjoy oneself=have fun=have a good/great time 玩得高兴（其后+doing） enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事例句：Do you enjoy music?例句：I don’t enjoy playing computer games.（十三）What activities do you find enjoyable?1、find这里表示“发现、觉得”，宾语后常接宾语补足语，常用的结构有：find sb./sth.+n./adj./doing sth./介词短语。 2、enjoyable是enjoy的形容词形式，表示“有趣的、令人愉快的”。 例句：The job is enjoyable and I like it. （十四）I arrived in Penang in Malaysia this morning with my family. arrive作不及物动词，表示“到达”，接宾语时，需要加上介词in或者at。例句：We are arriving at the station at four o’clock. 【拓展】reach表示“到达”时，是及物动词，后面直接接表示地点的名词作宾语。另外两个表示“到达”的动词（get和arrive）都是不及物动词，get to+地点；arrive in/at+地点。【总结】到达某地 1、get to+地点（口语常用)2、arrive+in+大地点 arrive+at+小地点 3、reach+地点【例题】She will arrive Xiamen the morning of May 25th.Maria is leaving for China soon by air. A . at; in B.in;on C.at;on【答案】B【解析】句意：玛丽亚很快就要乘飞机去中国了。她将于5月25日上午到达厦门。考查时间介词和地点介词。arrive in+大地点，arrive at+小地点，两者都表示“到达某地”；“Xiamen”属于大地点，所以用介词in；in作为时间介词，后跟年月、季节以及泛指的早、中、晚；on后跟具体的某一天的上午、下午。根据“the morning of May25th”可知，具体到了5月25日的早上，所以用介词on。故选B。（十五）...so we decided to go to the beach near our hotel. decide表示“决定”时，常用的结构为：decide to do sth.“决定做某事”。例句：I decide to visit Beijing.【例题】—Tom, do you think reading is important?—Yes, I do. So I decide more time reading from now on.A . spend B . to spend C. spending【答案】B【解析】句意：——Tom，你觉得阅读重要吗？——是的。所以我决定从现在开始花更多时间来阅读。考查动词不定式作宾语。spend花费，动词原形；to spend花费，动词不定式；spending花费，动名词或现在分词。decide to dosth表示“决定做某事”，因此空格处应填动词不定式，在句中作宾语。故选B。（十六）My sister and I tried paragliding. try doing sth. “尝试做某事”；try to do sth. “尽力做某事”。 例句：The doctor tries to save the girl. The boy tried playing the piano. 【拓展】try也可以用作名词，表示“尝试”，have a try表示“尝试一下”。 例句：He is going to have a try. 【复习】动词后既能+to do，又能+doing的还有：remember；forget。（区别：+to do表示未做过；+doing表示已做过）【例题】My teacher told us to try ( study ) English well. So we practice speaking English every day.【答案】to study【解析】句意：我的老师告诉我们要努力学好英语。所以我们每天练习说英语。try to do sth.意为“努力做某事”，study“学习”。故填to study。（十七）...because we forgot to bring an umbrella. forget to do sth.“忘记做某事”，强调忘记去做某事，实际上也没有做；forget doing sth.“忘记做过某事”，强调已经做过某事，但是忘记了。（十八）I felt like I was a bird. feel like此处表示“感觉像”，后接从句。 例句：He feels like he is flying. 【拓展】feel like还可以表示“想要”，后接名词、代词或者动名词做宾语，feel like doing sth.=would like to do sth.=want to do sth. 例句：Do you feel like going shopping? =Would you like to go shopping? =Do you want to go shopping? 【例题】Why don't you feel like (eat) lunch?【答案】eating【解析】句意：为什么你不想吃午餐。根据句意和所给词汇可知，考查“feel like doing”“想做某事”，介词“like”后接动名词作宾语。故填eating。（十九）My classmates told me to keep going, so I went on.1、tell sb. to do sth.“告诉某人做某事”，tell sb. not to do sth.“告诉某人不要做某事”。例句：The teacher told us to clean the classroom.例句：I told her not to draw on the wall.2、keep doing sth.表示“继续做某事、一直做某事”例句：She kept watching TV for two hours last night.3、 go on表示“继续”，go on to do sth.表示“（完成一件事后）接着做另一件事”，go on doing sth./go on with sth.意为“继续做同一件事”。例句：She went on to have lunch.例句：You can’t go on working without any rest.例句：We will go on with the discussion tomorrow.（二十）There are a lot of new buildings now... a lot of相当于lots of表示“许多”，可以用来修饰可数名词复数或者不可数名词。 例句：There is a lot of rain in summer . 【拓展】 只修饰不可数名词的量词有：a little, little, a great deal of, much, too much 只修饰可数名词的量词有：a few, few, several, many, too many, a number of 既可以修饰不可数名词也可以修饰可数名词的量词有：some, any, a lot of, lots of, plenty of 【例题】He is a famous movie star and he has a lot of (fan).【答案】fans【解析】句意：他是一位著名的电影明星，他有很多影迷。根据句意和所给词汇可知，a lot of后面要跟可数名词的复数形式。故填fans。（二十一） I wonder what life was like here in th past.wonder表示“好奇、想知道”，后接whether/if, what, who, why等引导宾语从句。 例句：I wonder what they are doing now. （二十二） What a difference a day makes! 本句是what引导的感叹句，what引导的感叹句常用的结构有：“What+a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+主语+谓语”或者“What+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词+主语+谓语”。 例句：What a beautiful flower! 例句：What interesting books these are! 【拓展】how引导的感叹句的结构为“How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语”。 例句：How beautiful the bird is! （二十三） We wanted to walk up to the top, but then it started raining a little so we decided to take the train.1、 want表示“想要”时，为及物动词，后接不定式作宾语或者用于句型“want sb. to do sth.”中，表示“想要某人做某事”。 例句：She wants her parents to go shopping. 2、 start后常接名词、动词不定式或者动名词作宾语，用法相当于begin。 例句：Let’s start discussing/to discuss about the next problem. （二十四）We waited over an hour for the train because there are too many people.1、wait for sb./sth.“等待某人或者某事”；wait to do sth.“等待做某事”；can’t wait to do sth.“迫不及待做某事” 例句：We are waiting for the result . 例句：All the passengers are waiting to get on the bus. 例句：The children can’t wait to rush out after the class is over. 2、 over此处表示“多于、超过”，相当于more than。 例句：My father is over 40 years old. 3、too much, much too和too many辨析 too much “太多（的）” 用作形容词，修饰不可数名词 much too “太...” 用作副词，修饰形容词和副词 too many “太多的” 用作形容词，修饰可数名词复数 （二十五）And because of the bad weather, we couldn’t see anything below. 1、because of意为“因为、由于”，后接名词、代词或者动名词，because是连词，引导原因状语从句，后接一个句子。 例句：He is late for school because of the bad weather. =He is late for school because the weather is bad. 2、 below表示“在……以下、低于”，反义词是above，意为“在……之上，超过”。 例句：It was five degrees below zero last night. （二十六） My father didn’t bring enough money...1、 bring表示“带来”，强调从别的地方带到说话的地方，常与副词here连用；take表示“带走”，强调从说话的地方带去别的地方，常与副词there连用；carry表示“搬、抬”，没有方向性。 例句：The students brought their homework to school in the morning and take them home after school. 2、 enough可以用作形容词，表示“足够的、充分的”，用来修饰名词，可以放在名词前面，也可以放在名词后面。 例句：The man has enough money. =The man has money enough. 【拓展】enough还可以用作副词，修饰形容词或者副词，放在形容词或者副词后面，常用的结构为：be +adj.+enough+to do sth.“足够……能够做某事”。 例句：The boy is old enough to go to school. （二十七） Well, but the next day was not as good. as…as或not as…as表示“和……一样”或“和……不一样”。例句：I am as careful as Linda．例句：He doesn’t run as fast as Tom．（二十八）Twenty minutes later, the sun started to come up. come up意为“升起、发生”。 例句：It gets hot after the sun has come up. （二十九）My legs were so tired that I wanted to stop. so...that...意为“如此……以至于……”，用来引导结果状语从句，so是副词，后面接形容词或者副词。例句：Our school is so beautiful that everyone likes it.【拓展】such...that...引导结果状语从句，表示“如此……以至于……”，such后面接名词短语，名词前经常跟有形容词进行修饰。例句：He is such a smart boy that we all like him.（三十）感叹句的常用句型：1、 What + a + adj.+可数名词单数+主语+谓语+其它！ 2、 What + adj.+可数名词复数+主语+谓语+其它！ 3、What + adj.+不可数名词+主语+谓语+其它！ 4、 How + adj.+主语+谓语+其它！ 5、How + adv. +主语+谓语+其它！ （三十一）复合不定代词1、初中阶段常见的复合不定代词列表如下：2、当形容词修饰复合不定代词时，形容词必须放在复合不定代词后面：例句：There is nothing important in his bag. 3、复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数。如：Is everyone here today?4、something , somebody , someone , somewhere 用于肯定句及表示请求、建议或邀请的疑问句中。5、anything , anybody , anyone , anywhere 用于否定句、疑问句及条件状语从句中。（三十二）一般过去时1、概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。2、时间状语：ago，yesterday，the day before yesterday，last week（year，night，month．．．）， in 1989，just now，at the age of 5，one day，long long ago，once upon a time，…基本结构：肯定形式：① be动词过去式was/were； ② 实意动词过去式。 否定形式：① was／were ＋not； ② 主语+ didn’t + 实意动词原形 一般疑问句：① was或were放在句首； ② Did + 主语+ 实意动词原形 相应的回答：① Yes, sb did ② No, sb didn’t 4、动词过去式的构成方式在一般过去时中，谓语动词要用过去式，过去式的变化分为规则变化和不规则变化两种。下面讲一下规则变化：二、同步训练（一）完形填空Last summer I went camping with my friends. On a Saturday morning my three friends and I took the train to a ___1___. We arrived at 1:00 p.m. and went to a store to get some ___2___ first.We ___3___ the tent quickly when we got to the camping place in the mountain. Pete is good at ___4___, so he decided to make our dinner. ___5___, we didn’t bring any matches (火柴). Pete had to ask the campers next to us for some. At night, we made a ___6___ and sat around. We ate delicious food, told stories and sang. Everything was ___7___ but the campfire, the stars and the moon. In the tent we couldn’t ___8___ anything. Tom had a flashlight (手电筒) , so we ___9___ him to get into our sleeping bags.In the morning we got up early and had a big breakfast. Then we went ____10____. We saw some nice birds and took many pictures of them. We found some beautiful flowers, ____11____ we didn’t pick them.Not ____12____ went well. It was very hot, and we had to ____13____ to drink water often. And we lost our ____14____ twice because Terry left the compass (指南针) in the tent. However, it was always ____15____ to spend a weekend with friends, especially (尤其) in this clean and quiet place.1．A．forest B．mountain C．river D．beach2．A．work B．sleep C．food D．help3．A．got up B．put up C．stayed up D．cleaned up4．A．skating B．reading C．drawing D．cooking5．A．Unluckily B．Importantly C．Usually D．Differently6．A．rule B．game C．fire D．call7．A．funny B．dirty C．noisy D．dark8．A．eat B．see C．hear D．feel9．A．moved B．tasted C．used D．followed（跟随）10．A．swimming B．climbing C．shopping D．camping11．A．so B．because C．if D．but12．A．everything B．nothing C．something D．anything13．A．seem B．learn C．wish D．stop14．A．map B．money C．way D．tent15．A．easy B．fun C．free D．short（二）阅读单选How many kinds of animals are talked about in the passage?A．Four. B．Five. C．Six. D．Seven.17．Now Mr. Smith is in the zoo with his two sons, one aged 14 and the other 10, how much are the tickets together?A．$ 4.00. B．$ 2.00. C．$ 3.00. D．$ 1.00.18．Which of the following is the visiting time?A．8:30 a.m. Monday. B．9:30 a.m. Friday.C．3:00 p.m. Sunday. D．5.00 p.m. Tuesday.19．From the passage we can guess the animal “giraffe” must be very ________.A．fat B．long C．strong D．tall20．Which of the following can we do in the zoo?A．To give some food to the fish. B．To touch the monkey on the head.C．To throw things everywhere. D．To take a few nice photos.Now more and more foreign(外国的) students make visits to China to study Chinese. 24-year-old Russian girl Alina Salionova is one of them.Alina had a six-day trip with her two friends in China. They joined a traveling group. In the group, there were more than 60 visitors from different countries. They visited the Great Wall and the Palace Museum in Beijing, the ancient city—Pingyao in Shanxi and the Terracotta Army(兵马俑) in Shaanxi.“I wanted to see the Terracotta Army before. My dream comes true now,” Alina said.Alina started to study Chinese at the Confucius Institute(孔子学院) in her country eight years ago. The girl is really interested in Chinese language and culture.“China has many famous places and a long history. People are kind to help when we’re in need,” Alina said.Alina visited China for the second time. She first visited Beijing to watch the 2008 Olympic Games. During that summer, she also visited Harbin, Shanghai and Hangzhou.“That trip made me fall in love with China. I decided to study Chinese well. Now I’m quite good at it. Russia is the host of the 2018 World Cup. I’ll try my best to help travelers from China at that time,” said Alina.21．More and more foreign students visit China because _________.A．they plan to study Chinese B．Chinese people are friendly to themC．China held the 2008 Olympic Games D．there are many places of interest in China22．When did Alina start to study Chinese？A．In 2007. B．In 2017. C．When she was 24 years old. D．When she was 16 years old.23．What can we learn from the text？A．Alina went to Pingyao in 2008. B．Alina may do a job at the 2018 World Cup.C．Alina always dreamed of visiting the Great Wall. D．Alina is learning Chinese at the Confucius Institute in China.24．What’s the best title for the passage？A．The 2018 World Cup B．A Girl’s Travel in ChinaC．How to Join a Traveling Group D．Why Many Foreign People Come to ChinaThere was a big garden in front of Jeff’s house. So on weekends, many children came to play soccer from morning to late night. They made a lot of noise(噪音), but Jeff couldn’t do anything.He thought hard and hard and had an idea. One Saturday evening, he went out and said to them, “It is my happy time when I see and hear you playing here. So I will give you fifty yuan a week if you play in the garden here.”The children felt very happy and on Saturday evening they came to Jeff’s house and asked for the money. He did so. The second week, Jeff said he didn’t have enough money and only gave them twenty yuan. The third week Jeff said he lost his job, but he gave them only ten yuan. And the boys were very disappointed. The fourth week Jeff said he was looking for his job. He gave them only five yuan. And said he couldn’t pay them fifty yuan a week. But he would give them two yuan each week.After that, the boys never played in the garden again.25．At first the children liked playing soccer in front of Jeff’s house because _________________.A．there was a big garden there.B．Jeff liked to see and hear them playingC．Jeff gave them some moneyD．they could make a lot of noise.26．Jeff gave the children money to ________________.A．let them play soccer there.B．make friends with themC．make them become famous playersD．stop them from playing soccer there.27．Children felt very happy at first because ____________.A．Jeff was kind and friendly to themB．they could get money and do something they enjoyedC．they could play soccer from morning to late nightD．they did good things for Jeff28．The underlined word “disappointed” mean “__________”.A．愤怒的, B．满意的, C．失望的, D．绝望的29．How much did the children get in total (总共)?A．85 yuan, B．82 yuan, C．50 yuan, D．35 yuanMy friend Alice visited my city last week. She arrived on Wednesday morning. She is from Australia. I showed her around the city. We visited the Clock Tower first. The Clock Tower was very tall. We took some photos there. Then we went to City Museum. After that，we saw a good movie. The next day, we visited the Ladies' Street(女人街)．There were a lot of clothes shops. The clothes were cheap and beautiful. Alice bought some clothes for her parents and friends. Then we went to the Seafood(海鲜)Street. We bought some seafood. We also had seafood in a restaurant. All of us enjoyed the meal. Then we went to a concert(音乐会)in the evening. The music was fantastic!On the third day，the weather was very hot so we decided to visit the Monkey Garden. We found different kinds of monkeys in the Garden. The monkeys were funny and active. Alice went back to Australia on Friday evening. She enjoyed the trip. She invited(邀请)me to visit Australia next summer.30．Where did the writer and Alice go on the first day?A．The Ladies' Street. B．The Clock Tower.C．The Monkey Garden. D．The museum.31．At the Ladies' Street(女人街)，there were lots of________ shops.A．seafood B．photoC．clothes D．shoe32．Alice thought the seafood was________in the restaurant.A．delicious B．badC．terrible D．pretty33．What didn't the writer and Alice do during the vacation?A．Went to the concert. B．Bought some clothes.C．Went to the beach. D．Had seafood.34．How many days did Alice spend visiting the city?A．Three days. B．Four days.C．Five days. D．Seven days.（三）语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。Students these days often have a lot of _____35_____(worry). Sometimes they have problems with their schoolwork, and sometimes with their friends. What can they do about this? Some people believe the _____36_____(bad) thing is to do nothing. Laura Mills, _____37_____ teenager from London, agrees. “Problems are normal in life，” says Laura. “But I think talking to someone helps a lot. Unless we talk to someone, we'll certainly feel worse.” Laura once lost her wallet and she _____38_____(be) afraid to tell her parents about it. She worried for days and didn't know _____39_____ to solve the problem. She even walked three miles to school each day because she didn't have _____40_____(some) money. She just kept thinking, “_____41_____ I tell my parents, they'll be angry！” _____42_____(final), she talked to her parents and they were really _____43_____(understand). They got her a new wallet and asked her to be more careful. “I will always remember to share my problems in the future！” Laura says. Her dad said he sometimes made careless mistakes _____44_____(him).（四）短文汉语提示填空根据短文内容和所给汉语提示，写出空白处各单词的正确形式。每空限填一词。Many people like eating junk food. French fries, icecream and hamburgers are all _____45_____(垃圾) food, _____46_____(但是) they are delicious! So people, especially(尤其) children, like _____47_____(吃) them very much. _____48_____(为什么) do people call them junk food? Because there is _____49_____(几乎没有) any nutrition(营养) in them. The food with little nutrition, of course, is bad for your _____50_____(健康) if you eat too much.The _____51_____(名字) of “junk food” comes from Portuguese(葡萄牙语). The word “junk” means “_____52_____(一个) old rope(绳索)”. Just think of this: If someone buys an old rope, will it be very expensive? Your answer must be “No”．After knowing what junk food is, what _____53_____(应该) you do? Oh, yes! _____54_____(不) eat too much of it!（五）材料作文55．假设国庆节期间你打算与你的家人去北京旅行，请根据表格内容，用英语写一篇80词左右的短文，介绍一下你们的行程安排。注意：短文的结尾已给出，不计入总词数。__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________I’m looking forward to the trip and I’m sure we’ll have a good time there. somebody某人anybody某人/任何人nobody没有人everybody每人someone某人anyone某人/任何人no one没有人everyone每人something某事anything某事/任何事nothing没有东西Everything每一件事类型规则举例一般情况加edplant — plantedplay — played以e结尾加dlive — livedchange — changed以“辅音字母＋y”结尾变y为i再加edcarry — carriedstudy — studied以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母双写这个辅音字母，再加edstop — stoppedplan — planned Visit Swansea ZooCome and see the Indian elephants and the new tigers from America. The bears are waiting to meet you, and the monkeys from China are waiting to throw things at you. The lovely dogs from Australia are waiting to laugh at you, and the giraffes from Zambia are waiting to look down on you.Tickets Opening timeGrown-ups: $2.00 9:00 a.m.— 4:00 p.m.Children: Over 12 $1.00 except(除了)Friday Under 12:Free 10:00 a.m.—3:00 p.m.Keep the zoo clean!Do not touch, give food or go near the animals.时间行程安排10.2坐飞机去北京，上午10:30到达，下午欣赏京剧10.3上午去爬长城，下午去颐和园游玩并拍照10.4购物并品尝美食10.5乘火车返回答案1．B 2．C 3．B 4．D 5．A 6．C 7．D 8．B 9．D 10．B 11．D 12．A 13．D 14．C 15．B【解析】1．句意：一个星期六的早晨，我和三个朋友坐火车去了一座山。forest森林；mountain高山；river河流；beach海滩。根据下文“when we got to the camping place in the mountain.”可知，应是去了一座山。故选B。2．句意：我们下午1点到达，先去商店买了些食物。work工作；sleep睡觉；food食物；help帮助。根据常识可知，去山里野营，应是先去买些食物。故选C。3．句意：当我们到达山上的露营地时，我们很快搭起了帐篷。got up起床；put up搭起；stayed up熬夜；cleaned up打扫。根据后句“when we got to the camping place in the mountain.”可知，应是很快搭起了帐篷。故选B。4．句意：皮特擅长烹饪，所以他决定为我们做晚餐。skating滑冰；reading阅读；drawing画画；cooking烹饪。根据后句“so he decided to make our dinner.”可知，应是擅长烹饪。故选D。5．句意：不幸的是，我们没有带来火柴。Unluckily不幸地；Importantly重要地；Usually通常；Differently不同地。根据后句“we didn’t bring any matches (火柴).”可知，没有带来火柴，不能生火做饭，应是不幸地。故选A。6．句意：晚上，我们生了一堆火，坐在四周。rule规则；game游戏；fire火；call电话。根据后句“and sat around.”可知，应是生了一堆火。故选C。7．句意：除了篝火、星星和月亮，一切都很黑暗。funny有趣的；dirty脏的；noisy吵闹的；dark黑暗的。根据上文“At night, we made a…and sat around.”语境可知，在晚上除了篝火、星星和月亮，一切都应是黑暗的。故选D。8．句意：在帐篷里我们什么也看不见。eat吃；see看见；hear听见；feel感觉。根据前句“Everything was…but the campfire, the stars and the moon.”可推知，应是在帐篷里什么也看不见。故选B。9．句意：汤姆有手电筒，所以我们跟着他钻进睡袋。moved移动；tasted品尝；used使用；followed跟随。根据前句“Tom had a flashlight (手电筒) ,”可知，应是跟着他钻进睡袋。故选D。10．句意：然后我们去爬山。swimming游泳；climbing爬山；shopping购物；camping野营。根据下文“We saw some nice birds and took many pictures of them. We found some beautiful flowers,”可知，应是去爬山了。故选B。11．句意：我们发现了一些美丽的花，但我们没有摘。so所以；because因为；if如果；but但是。分析前后句句意可知，空处的词表示转折，故应用but“但是”。故选D。12．句意：并非一切都顺利。everything每件事情；nothing没有事情；something某件事情；anything任何事情。根据下句“It was very hot, and we had to… to drink water often.”语境可知，应是并非一切都顺利。故选A。13．句意：天气很热，我们不得不经常停下来喝水。seem似乎；learn学习；wish希望；stop停止。根据前句“It was very hot,”可推知，应是不得不停下来喝水。故选D。14．句意：我们两次迷路是因为特里把指南针忘在帐篷里了。map地图；money金钱；way道路；tent帐篷。根据后句“because Terry left the compass (指南针) in the tent.”可知，应是两次迷路。故选C。15．句意：然而，与朋友共度周末总是很有趣的，尤其是在这个干净而又安静的地方。Easy容易的；fun有趣的；free空闲的；short短的。根据空后“to spend a weekend with friends, especially (尤其) in this clean and quiet place.”可知，在干净而又安静的地方与朋友共度周末应是很有趣的。故选B。16．C 17．C 18．C 19．D 20．D【解析】16．细节理解题。根据“Come and see the Indian elephants and the new tigers from America.”以及“The bears are waiting to meet you, and the monkeys from China are waiting to throw things at you. The lovely dogs from Australia are waiting to laugh at you, and the giraffes from Zambia are waiting to look down on you.”可知文章提到了大象、老虎、熊、猴子、狗以及长颈鹿，一共六种动物，故选C。17．细节理解题。根据“Grown-ups: $2.00”以及“Children: Over 12 $1.00 Under 12:Free ”可知史密斯先生和他的两个儿子在动物园，一个14岁，另一个10岁，一共需要：2+1+0=3美元，故选C。18．细节理解题。根据“Opening time 9:00 a.m.— 4:00 p.m. except(除了)Friday 10:00 a.m.—3:00 p.m.”可知C选项时间符合，故选C。19．推理判断题。根据“and the giraffes from Zambia are waiting to look down on you”可知长颈鹿是低头看你，说明长颈鹿很高，故选D。20．细节理解题。根据“Keep the zoo clean! Do not touch, give food or go near the animals.”可知ABC选项是不可以做的，故选D。21．A 22．D 23．B 24．B【解析】21．细节理解题。根据“Now more and more foreign(外国的) students make visits to China to study Chinese”可知越来越多的外国学生来中国学习汉语，故选A。22．细节理解题。根据“24-year-old Russian girl Alina Salionova is one of them.”（24岁的俄罗斯女孩Alina Salinova就是其中之一。）以及“Alina started to study Chinese at the Confucius Institute(孔子学院) in her country eight years ago.”（八年前，Alina开始在她的国家孔子学院学习汉语。）可知八年前Alina16岁，故选D。23．推理判断题。根据“Russia is the host of the 2018 World Cup. I’ll try my best to help travelers from China at that time”（俄罗斯是2018年世界杯的主办国。届时我将尽最大努力帮助来自中国的游客）可推知Alina可能会在2018年世界杯上发挥作用，故选B。24．最佳标题题。短文主要讲述了一个24的俄罗斯女孩和她的朋友来中国旅游并学习的故事，故选B。25．A 26．D 27．B 28．C 29．A【解析】25．细节理解题，根据第一段“There was a big garden in front of Jeff’s house. So on weekends, many children came to play soccer from morning to late night.”，可知，孩子们在Jeff家门口踢球是因为那里有个大花园，故选A。26．细节理解题，根据第二段“He thought hard and hard and had an idea. One Saturday evening, he went out and said to them, “It is my happy time when I see and hear you playing here. So I will give you fifty yuan a week if you play in the garden here.””，可知，Jeff给孩子们钱是让他们不再来花园玩，故选D。27．细节理解题，根据“The children felt very happy and on Saturday evening they came to Jeff’s house and asked for the money.”孩子们开心是因为有钱拿还可以玩得开心，故选B28．细节理解题，根据“The third week Jeff said he lost his job, but he gave them only ten yuan. And the boys were very disappointed.”，我们可知当孩子们拿到比以前少的钱时，应该是失望的，故选C29．细节理解题，根据文章可知“第一周fifty yuan+ 第二周twenty yuan+第三周ten yuan+第四周five yuan”故选A。30．B 31．C 32．A 33．C 34．A【解析】30．细节理解题。根据We visited the Clock Tower first. The Clock Tower was very tall. We took some photos there. Then we went to City Museum. After that，we saw a good movie.可知第一天去过的地点，故选B。31．细节理解题。根据The next day, we visited the Ladies' Street(女人街)．There were a lot of clothes shops. The clothes were cheap and beautiful.故选C。32．细节理解题。根据We also had seafood in a restaurant. All of us enjoyed the meal.可知爱丽丝喜欢海鲜，所以她可能感到美味，故选A。33．细节理解题。综合全文，可知作者和爱丽丝没有去沙滩，故选C。34．细节理解题。根据爱丽丝到的时间She arrived on Wednesday morning及离开的时间Alice went back to Australia on Friday evening，故选A。35．worries 36．worst 37．a 38．was 39．how 40．any 41．If 42．Finally 43．understanding 44．himself【解析】35．句意：现在的学生常常有很多烦恼。worry是可数名词/动词，翻译为“烦恼/为……感到担心”。分析句子可知，此处用在a lot of之后，所以用其名词复数形式，故答案为worries。36．句意：有些人认为什么都不做是最坏的事。bad是形容词，翻译为“坏的”。分析句子可知，此处用在“the+ adj”结构中，表示最高级，所以用其形容词最高级形式，故答案为worst。37．句意：来自伦敦的青少年劳拉·米尔斯同意这一观点。分析句子可知，此处用在名词teenager之前，指“一个青少年”，所以用不定冠词a修饰，故答案为a。38．句意：劳拉曾经丢了钱包并且她不敢告诉父母这件事。分析句子可知，并列句前半句的动词是lost，表示一般过去时，所以此处也应该用动词过去式，故答案为was。39．句意：她担心了好几天，不知道如何解决这个问题。分析句子可知，此处表示“如何，怎样”的含义，故答案为how。40．句意：她甚至每天步行三英里去上学，因为她没有钱。some翻译为“一些”。分析句子可知，此处用在否定句中，应将some改成any，故答案为any。41．句意：如果我告诉我的父母，他们会生气的！分析句子可知，此处主从句满足“主将从现”的用法，翻译为“如果”并用于句首，故答案为If。42．句意：最后，她和父母谈了谈。final是形容词，翻译为“最终的”。分析句子可知，此处表示状语，应用其副词形式，且用在句首，故答案为Finally。43．句意：他们真的能理解我。understand是动词，翻译为“理解”。分析句子可知，此处用在be动词were之后，应用其形容词形式作表语，故答案为understanding。44．句意：她爸爸说他自己有时会粗心犯错误。him是人称代词宾格形式，翻译为“他”。分析句子可知，此处表示“他自己”的含义，所以用其反身代词形式，故答案为himself。45．junk 46．but 47．eating 48．Why 49．hardly 50．health 51．name 52．an 53．should 54．Don't【解析】45．句意：炸薯条，冰淇淋和汉堡包都是垃圾食品。“垃圾”用英语表达是junk，“junk food”翻译为“垃圾食品”，是固定搭配，故答案为junk。46．句意：但是它们是美味的！“但是”用英语表达是but，做连词，表转折含义，故答案为but。47．句意：所以人们，尤其是孩子们非常喜欢吃它们。“吃”用英语表达是eat，此处用在动词like之后，需满足“like+ doing/to do“结构，又因为每空一次，故答案为eating。48．句意：为什么人们叫它们垃圾食品？“为什么”用英语表达是why，此处用在句首，所以应大写，故答案为Why。49．句意：因为它们当中几乎没有任何营养。“几乎没有”用英语表达是hardly，副词，此处用来修饰动词is，故答案为hardly。50．句意：没有营养的食物，如果你吃太多会对你的健康有害。“健康”用英语表达是health，名词，此处用在形容词性物主代词your之后，用其名词原形即可，故答案为health。51．句意：“垃圾食品”这个名词来源于葡萄牙语。“名字”用英语表达是name，此处用在“the+ n+ of”结构中，所以此处用名词原形即可，故答案为name。52．句意：“垃圾”这个词意思是“一根旧绳索”。“一个”用英语表达是a/an，因为此处用在old 之前，old 首字母发元音音素，故答案为an。53．句意：知道什么是垃圾食品之后，你应该做什么？“应该”用英语表达是should，此处用在特殊疑问句之中，将should放到主语之前即可，故答案为should。54．句意：不要吃太多！此处是一个表示否定的祈使句，否定祈使句可用“Don't+动词原形”结构，故答案为Don't。55．One possible version:I am planning to visit Beijing during the National Day holiday with my family. We’ll get there by air at 10: 30 a m, on October 2, and we can enjoy Beijing opera in the afternoon. We are going to climb the Great Wall on the morning of October 3, and then visit the Summer Palace in the afternoon. We can take photos there. On October 4, we will do some shopping and try some delicious food. On the fifth of October, we will go back home by train.I’m looking forward to the trip and I’m sure we’ll have a good time there.
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