unit6知识点精讲精练英语八年级上册（人教新目标版）

这是一份unit6知识点精讲精练英语八年级上册（人教新目标版），共19页。
Unit6 I'm going to study computer science知识点精讲精练1. What do you want to be when you grow up？ 当你长大以后，你想要成为什么？（1）when是连词，意为＂当……的时候＂，引导时间状语从句。when作连词时，如果主句是过去时，从句也要用过去时；如果主句是一般将来时，从句要用一般现在时，即＂主将从现＂。例句：I was short when I was 13. 我13岁的时候个子很矮。例句：I’ll visit you when I come back. 我回来时会去拜访你。（2）grow up 意为＂长大；成熟；成长＂ 是动词短语，相当于不及物动词，其后不跟宾语。【知识拓展】 （1）grow 的用法如下： v. 种植；使生长，为及物动词。 v. 生长；发育；长大，为不及物动词。 v. 变得，作连系动词，后面跟形容词。例句：She grows roses. 她栽培玫瑰花。例句：The watermelons grow well in warm dry climate. 温暖干燥的气候适合西瓜生长。例句：He is growing stronger and stronger. 他长得越来越壮。（2）up的相关短语：get up 起床 pick up 采摘 give up放弃 dress up 装扮【例题】My brother wants to be a pilot when he________.will grow up B.grew up C. is growing up D.grows up【答案】D【解析】句意：我弟弟长大后想当一名飞行员。考查动词的时态。grow up动词短语，意为“长大”。本句是含when引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句，从句用一般现在时表将来，主语是第三人称单数，所以要用grows up，故选D。2. How are you going to do that？你打算如何做到？be going to表示将要发生的动作，含有＂计划， 打算＂的意思， 后跟动词原形，其中be动词要与主语的人称和数一致，常跟表将来的时间连用。例句：He’s going to visit Australia next week. 他打算下周去参观澳大利亚。【知识拓展】 come、go、leave、arrive、fly等表示位置转移的动词，常用现在进行时表示将要发生的动作。3. Well, I’m going to keep on writing stories, of course. 哦，当然我会继续写故事。keep on doing sth表示经过一段时间的间隙后＂继续做同一件事＂，后可接表动态的词，如walk、write、talk 等。还暗指不顾困难、反对、警告而＂坚持＂做某事。例句：They kept on working in the fields, though it was raining. 虽然天正在下雨，他们还是继续在田里干活。【易混辨析】 keep on doing/ keep doing【例题】To stay healthy, we are going to keep on▁exercise every day.A . do B. to doing C . to do D . doing【答案】D【解析】句意：为了保持健康，我们每天都要坚持锻炼。考查非谓语动词。keep on doing sth“坚持/继续做某事”，固定短语，所以空处用动名词作宾语。故选D。4、be sure about/of 确信,对……有把握后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式，表示对客观事物有肯定的认识和判断，主语必须是人。例句：I am really sure about it. 对于这件事我确实有把握。例句：I think I can win the match. I am sure of/about it. 我认为我能赢这场比赛。我对此有把握。【知识拓展】 （1）be sure to do sth.务必做某事；确信做某事。例句：I’m sure to go with you. 我确信和你一起去。（2）be sure＋that 从句，表示＂肯定；确信＂，许多时候可与＂be sure to do sth.＂替换。例句：I’m sure that I can run much faster.＝I’m sure to run much faster.我肯定能跑得快多了。我希望你能肯定你说的都是事实。5、promise n. 承诺；诺言　 v. 许诺； 承诺；保证 make a promise/promises 允诺 keep a /one’s promise 遵守诺言，信守承诺 break a /one’s promise违背诺言 promise to do sth答应做某事 promise sbto do sth答应某人做某事 promise sb sth答应某人某事6、 …they are going to take up a hobby like… take up指＂学着做；开始做；从事＂。后面可接名词或动名词。 take up还有＂占用时间或空间＂之意。7、Sometimes the resolutions may be too difficult to keep. too…to…是＂太……以致不能……＂，to是不定式符号，后接动词原形，该句式虽没有否定词not/no，但表达否定意义，若逻辑主语是动作的执行者，则需用 for 引出。 English is too difficult for me to read. 对我来说英语太难了。【拓展】　(1) too…to…可转化为复合句 so…that…句型，此时that从句的谓语动词要用否定形式。例句：The problem is too difficult for me to work out.=The problem is so difficult that I can’t work it out.(2) too…to…还可转化为＂not+形容词/副词+enough to do＂，其中形容词/副词是句型too…to…中形容词/副词的反义词。例句：His son is too young to go to school.= His son is not old enough to go to school.8、Were you able to keep them? be able to表示＂能够＂，相当于 can，常用来表示 can不能表达的将来时或完成时的情况，可用于各种时态。例句：He will be able to finish reading the book next week. 他下周将能读完这本书。学科&网【易混辨析】can / be able to(1) can＂能＂，表示过去或现在＂能力所及＂时，与be able to 通用。 He can / is able to speak German. 他会说德语。 I could / was able to run very fast when I was a boy. 我小时候就跑得很快。(2) be able to的过去式还可表示一种＂经过努力做到了＂的意思。而can的过去式则没有这种意义。 He started late, but he was able to catch the train. 他出发晚了，但他还是赶上了火车。(3) can通常只用于过去或现在两种时态，而be able to 则可用于各种时态。 He has not been able to come since he got hurt. 自从受伤以后，他就一直未能前来。(4)在表示猜测时，只能用can，而不能用be able to。 That can’t be your bag. 那不可能是你的书包。同步练习（一）单项选择1．When I was young, I ________ swim wonderfully.A．can be able to B．could be able to C．was able to D．could able to2．—What are you going to be when you ________?  —I want to be a doctor like Wu Mengchao.A．grow up B．pick up C．get up D．wake up3．— Jack, we are moving to a new house this weekend.— Congratulations! I ________ you happiness in your new flat.A．wish B．hope C．expect D．send4．—My father promised ________ me to Beijing for a trip, but he didn’t do that.—Don’t be sad. I think he must be too busy.A．takes B．taking C．to take D．took5．—Why do you take a notebook with you?—Because I’m going to ________ what the teacher says at the meeting.A．turn down B．cut down C．write down D．slow down6．The bag of rice is ________ heavy for Tom ________ carry. Let’s go and help him.A．too; to B．so; that C．such; that D．such; to7．— Can you sing a song for us, Mary?— Sorry, I can’t. I am not good at ________.A．sing B．singing C．sings D．sung8．—I ________ a birthday party this Sunday. Would you like to join us?—Sure, I’d love to.A．have B．has C．am going to have D．am going to be9．—What are you ________ when you grow up?—I’m not very sure, but maybe I want to be a doctor.A．want to be B．going to have C．want to do D．going to be10．Jim often practices ________ basketball before having classes.A．play B．playing C．plays D．to play（二）完形填空On the first day of my college, our processor asked us to get to know someone we didn’t know. I stood up to look around, then a hand ___11___ my shoulder.“Hi, girl! My name is Rose. I’m 87 years old.”“Why are you in college at such a young age?” I asked jokingly.“I’m always ___12___ having a college education and now I’m getting one!” she replied.Soon everyone got to know Rose and she became ___13___ in our class. Because she was kind and funny, she ___14___ made friends with everyone. At the end of the term, we ___15___ Rose to speak at the New Year Party. Her words had great ___16___ to all of us and taught us a lot.“One is never too old to learn. We cannot stop learning only because we’re old. We grow old because we stop learning. There are only two secrets of staying ___17___, being happy and keeping studying. You have to laugh every day. You need to have a dream and keep working hard for it. If you ___18___ your dream, you will die!” she said.“There is a big ___19___ between growing old and growing up. Anyone will grow old. This is what you cannot ____20____. But you should grow up by always finding chances to make things different,” she added. At last, she ended her talking by singing a song. Her speech (演讲) taught us an important lesson.11．A．hit B．broke C．touched D．took12．A．dreaming of B．looking after C．taking away D．writing down13．A．successful B．careful C．necessary D．popular14．A．hardly B．easily C．quietly D．seriously15．A．taught B．promised C．invited D．ordered16．A．danger B．meaning C．fun D．education17．A．old B．young C．rich D．lucky18．A．give up B．pick up C．set up D．take up19．A．difference B．space C．part D．competition20．A．dislike B．reach C．improve D．change（三）阅读单选Some children wish to be writers some day. They want to write stories or books for people to read. That’s good! It’s good to write something for people to read! But they should know that they need to be good readers first before they are really good writers. They should read a lot of books, instead（代替）of watching TV and spending a lot of time playing games when they are free. There is more fun in reading; you want to look for more books to read. Before you decide to be a good writer, you’d better say to yourself, “I must read more and more!”21．This article mainly tells us that_________.A．some children wish to be writers some day B．it is good to write something for people to readC．reading can be helpful for us to become a good writer D．writers like to read more books for fun22．Some children want to be writers_________.A．because they want to be good readers B．to write stories or books for people to readC．to find good jobs some day D．to get more money to keep a family23．It’s good for children_________.A．to do a lot of reading B．to watch TV in the eveningC．to have wishes only D．to be good writers right now24．Reading can_________.A．help you to be a good player B．help you write wellC．make you work better D．make you watch more TV at home25．From the passage we know that _________.A．all children like to be writers B．people like to read for childrenC．all writers are children D．children need to read more and more booksHere are the New Year’s resolutions of my four friends.My name is Dave and I am from the United Kingdom. I’m going to drink more water and less cola. I’m also going to brush my teeth before breakfast and after dinner, and wash my hands before eating.My name is Tina and I am from the United States. I want to make more friends this year. I’m going to be nicer to the other children in my class. I’m going to be friendly to children who need friends－like someone who is shy or new to my school.I’m Selina and I am from the United States. I’m going to work harder this year. I’m going to do all the homework that our teachers ask us to do. If I have any problems with my subjects, I’m going to ask my teachers for help.My name is Toby and I am from Singapore. I’m never going to play computer games. When I feel angry or stressed, I’m going to find better ways to relax, like exercising, reading or discussing my problems with my friends.26．Dave is going to brush his teeth ________ a day.A．onceB．twiceC．three timesD．four times27．Selina is going to ________ this year.A．drink more waterB．work harderC．make more friendsD．do more exercise28．________ are both American.A．Toby and SelinaB．Tina and DaveC．Toby and DaveD．Tina and Selina29．Who is Toby going to talk with about his problems?A．His friends.B．His teachers.C．His parents.D．His classmates.30．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?A．Dave is going to wash his hands before eating.B．Selina is going to ask her teachers about her study problems.C．Tina is going to be friendly only to children who are new to school.D．Toby doesn’t want to play computer games any more.Good study habits are important for all students. When you have good study habits, you will learn faster and find you have a good memory (记忆).Do you usually study in the living room? This is not a good place for study because it is usually too noisy. You need to study in a quiet place, such as your bedroom. A quiet place will help you learn better.Before you begin to study, do not forget to clean your desk. It helps you study well, too. Light（光线） is important, too You will feel tired easily if there is not enough light.Of all the good study habits developing asking questions is the key. Just ask. No one knows everything .but we can always learn from each other by asking questions.One simple but important habit is to tell yourself what you are studying for. Put your dream grades（理想的分数）on the wall next to your bed or computer. It means （意味着）you will see and think about it every day. When do you work best? Are you an early bird or a night owl（猫头鹰）, or something in between? Find your most productive work time and then plan to study at this time.31．Why is the living room not a good place for study?A．Because it is too quiet. B．Because it is too small. C．Because it is too noisy.32．According to the passage. What should you do before you study?A．Clean the desk. B．Put your story books away. C．Turn on the 1ight.33．Why should we put your dream grade on the wall?A．To make us happy. B．To develop a good study habit. C．To remind(提醒) us what we are studying for.34．What is the Chinese meaning Of the underline word “productive”?A．有效的 B．有趣的 C．精彩的35．What is the best title for important?A．Study in the bedroom B．Good habits are very important C．How to study.In London, there has always been a main problem. In order to solve this problem, the government has decided to have a bike revolution(革命). It has decided to provide 6,000 bikes for the people to rent. The government encourages local people to ride bikes in order to solve the traffic problem.More than 12,000 people have agreed to the idea. Some of them ask for more than one key. Although there are not enough bikes, an official(官员) from the government said that they would find some ways to deal with such a shortage. Local people can get these bikes at special docking stations（停靠站）.There are about 315 docking stations across the city. About 12,450 keys have already been handed out to the local people, but only 6,000 keys can be used now. Let’s see the cost you need to pay. One key costs ￡3, and the cost of using the bike is ￡1 for an hour. The cost per hour increases as the hours increase, so it will cost ￡50 if you rent the bike for 24 hours.The official from the government said they also needed to face a lot of problems, for example, some bikes may be lost. But they said they would try their best to solve all the problems to make sure the success of the program.36．In London, the government has decided to provide bikes for local people to rent in order to solve ______________.A．the traffic problem B．the population problemC．the family problem D．the health problem37．About ____________ keys have already been handed out to the local people.A．315 B．6.000 C．12.000 D．12.45038．In the passage, the underlined word “shortage” means “_________” in Chinese.A．挑战 B．缺点 C．短缺 D．困难39．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A．The government provides a bike for each family.B．Local people can get these bikes at special docking stations.C．If you want a key, you need to pay ￡5.D．Few people have agreed to the idea.40．What’s the best title for the passage?A．The people in London.B．The transportation in London.C．The traffic problem in London.D．The bike revolution in London.（四）语法填空Dear Lucy,Thank you for inviting me to your party. I'm sorry I can't come. I'm ___41___(real) busy this weekend. On Saturday morning, I plan ___42___(meet) my cousin Zhang Lan at the airport (机场). In the afternoon I'm going to do some sightseeing around Beijing ___43___ Zhang Lan. In the evening we are going to the movies. Oh, it's Jackie Chan's film, Kung Fu Yoga. Jackie Chan is one of Zhang Lan's favorite film ___44___(star). She thinks his films are very ___45___(excite). On Sunday morning I'm going to the library. There ___46___ many books and magazines and I'm going to do some ___47___ there. In the afternoon I'm going ___48___(shop) with my mother ___49___ she wants to buy some clothes for me. In the evening I'm going to ____50____ my mother cook dinner. We're going to make dumplings. Yours,Tina（五）多句选词填空用be able to/can的正确形式填空。51．She ________ always work out the problems by herself.52．I will ________ find out the weight of the elephant.53．Terry started late, but he ________ catch the first bus.（六）材料作文54．人人都有梦想，假设你是埃米，请以“My Dream Job”为题写一篇短文，畅想一下你的未来。内容包括：1. 你想做什么样的工作？2. 你喜欢这项工作的原因是什么？3. 为这个工作你准备了什么或应该怎样做好准备？作文要求：1. 不得在作文中出现学校的真实名称和学生的真实姓名；2. 语句连贯，词数80左右。My Dream Job_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案1．C【解析】句意：当我年轻的时候，我能游得很好。考查be able to和一般过去时。be able to“能够”，相当于can，根据“When I was young”可知，是一般过去时，故选C。2．A【解析】句意：——你长大后想做什么？——我想做个像吴孟超一样的医生。考查动词短语。grow up长大；pick up捡起；get up起床；wake up醒来。根据“going to be”及“I want to be a doctor”可知，这里问的是长大后想要做什么。故选A。3．A【解析】句意：——杰克，这个周末我们将搬到一个新房子。——恭喜！祝你在新的公寓住的开心。考查动词辨析。wish祝福；hope希望；expect期待；send送。根据“Congratulations”可知，此处应是表祝福，故选A。4．C【解析】句意：——我父亲答应带我去北京旅行，但他没有那样做。——不要伤心。我想他一定是太忙了。考查非谓语动词。promise to do sth.“承诺做某事”，动词不定式作宾语。故选C。5．C【解析】句意：——你为什么随身携带笔记本？——因为我要写下老师在会上说的话。考查动词短语。turn down调低，拒绝；cut down砍倒；write down写下；slow down减速；根据“what the teacher says at the meeting”可知，是要写下老师的话，故选C。6．A【解析】句意：这袋米太重了，汤姆搬不动。我们去帮助他吧。考查副词辨析。too...to...太……而不能……；so...that...如此……以至于……；such...that...如此……以至于……；解析句子结构可知，此处是too...to...的结构，故选A。7．B【解析】句意：——玛丽，你能为我们唱首歌吗？——对不起，我不能。我不擅长唱歌。考查非谓语动词。be good at doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“擅长做某事”，符合句意，故选B。8．C【解析】句意：——这个星期天我要举行一个生日聚会。你想加入我们吗？——当然，我很乐意。考查一般将来时。根据“this Sunday.”可知句子是一般将来时：be going to+动词原形。have在此处是表示“举行”，故选C。9．D【解析】句意：——当你长大的时候，你想成为什么？——我还不是很确定，但也许我想当一个医生。考查一般将来时。want to be想要成为；going to have想要有；want to do想要做；going to be想成为。根据“when you grow up”可知此句应用一般将来时，结合句中的are可知应用be going to do来表示。根据“I want to be a doctor”可知此处询问的是将来想成为什么样的人，应用动词be来表示“成为”。故选D。10．B【解析】句意：吉姆经常在上课前练习打篮球。考查非谓语动词。结合语境可知本句用短语“practice doing sth练习做某事”，所以这里用动名词。故选B。11．C    12．A    13．D    14．B    15．C    16．B    17．B    18．A    19．A    20．D【解析】本文主要讲了作者在大学开学第一天遇到了87岁仍在求学的罗斯，她受到其他人欢迎并在学期末被邀请作演讲，她的演讲教会了其他人深刻的道理。11．句意：我站起来环顾四周，这时一只手碰了碰我的肩膀。hit撞击；broke弄坏；touched触摸；took带走。根据“then a hand ... my shoulder”可知是一只手触摸了我的肩膀。故选C。12．句意：我一直梦想接受大学教育，现在我得到了！dreaming of梦想；looking after照顾；taking away带走；writing down写下。根据“having a college education”可知梦想着接受大学教育。故选A。13．句意：很快大家都认识了罗斯，她在我们班很受欢迎。successful成功的；careful仔细的；necessary必要的；popular受欢迎的。根据“made friends with everyone”可知她在班上很受欢迎。故选D。14．句意：因为她善良又有趣，她很容易和每个人交朋友。hardly几乎不；easily容易地；quietly安静地；seriously严重地。根据“Because she was kind and funny”可知既善良又有趣的人，应是很容易交朋友。故选B。15．句意：学期结束时，我们邀请罗斯在新年晚会上讲话。taught教；promised承诺；invited邀请；ordered命令。根据“to speak at the New Year Party”可知是邀请罗斯进行讲话。故选C。16．句意：她的话对我们所有人都意义重大，教了我们很多东西。danger危险；meaning意义；fun乐趣；education教育。根据“taught us a lot”可知她说的话很有意义。故选B。17．句意：保持年轻有两个秘诀：快乐和坚持学习。old年纪大的；young年轻的；rich富有的；lucky幸运的。根据“We grow old because we stop learning.”可知变老是因为我们停止学习，由此推出坚持学习能使人保持年轻。故选B。18．句意：如果你放弃你的梦想，你会死！give up放弃；pick up捡起；set up建立；take up占据。根据“you will die”可知人将会死去是在放弃梦想的情况下。故选A。19．句意：变老和长大有很大的不同。difference不同；space空间；part部分；competition竞争。根据“Anyone will grow old. This is what you cannot ... But you should grow up by always finding chances to make things different”可知变老和长大有很大不同。故选A。20．句意：这是你无法改变的。dislike不喜欢；reach到达；improve提高；change改变。根据“Anyone will grow old.”及常识可知变老是没法改变的。故选D。21．C    22．B    23．A    24．B    25．D【解析】本文主要讲述了阅读对于孩子们成为一个好作家的重要作用。21．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述的是阅读对于孩子们成为作家是非常有帮助的，故选C。22．细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“They want to write stories or books for people to read”可知，一些孩子想成为作家因为他们想写故事或书供人们阅读，故选B。23．细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“They should read a lot of books, instead（代替）of watching TV and spending a lot of time playing games when they are free”可知，读大量的书对孩子们有好处，故选A。24．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Before you decide to be a good writer, you’d better say to yourself, “I must read more and more!”可推知，阅读能使人写出更好的东西，故选B。25．主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“Before you decide to be a good writer, you’d better say to yourself, “I must read more and more!”可知，孩子们需要读越来越多的书，故选D。26．B    27．B    28．D    29．A    30．C【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了四个孩子的新年愿望，决心要做好什么。26．细节理解题。由文章第二段第一句“I’m also going to brush my teeth before breakfast and after dinner”我也要在早饭前和晚饭后刷牙，可知是一天刷两次。故选B。27．细节理解题。由文章第四段第二句“I’m going to work harder this year.”可知，我打算今年努力学习。故选B。28．细节理解题。由文章第三段第一句“My name is Tina and I am from the United States.”和第四段第一句“I’m Selina and I am from the United States.”可知Tina和Selina都来自美国。故选D。29．细节理解题。由文章最后一段最后一句“I’m going to find better ways to relax,like exercising, reading or discussing my problems with my friends.”我要找到更好的放松方式，比如锻炼、阅读或与朋友讨论我的问题，可知是朋友。故选A。30．推理判断题。由文章第三段最后两句“I’m going to be nicer to the other children in my class. I’m going to be friendly to children who need friends—like someone who is shy or new to my school.”我要对班上的其他孩子好一点。我要对那些需要朋友的孩子们友好一些，比如那些害羞的孩子或者刚来学校的孩子，可知并不是只对新来的孩子。故选C。31．C    32．A    33．C    34．A    35．B【解析】文章主要是给我们介绍了一些好的学习习惯，因为作者觉得好的学习习惯是很重要的。31．细节理解题。根据文中Do you usually study in the living room? This is not a good place for study because it is usually too noisy. 你通常在起居室学习吗？这不是一个学习的好地方，因为它通常太吵了。可知客厅不是学习的好地方，因为太吵了，故选C。32．细节理解题。根据文中Before you begin to study, do not forget to clean your desk. 在你开始学习之前，别忘了打扫你的桌子。可知学习前要整理桌子，故选A。33．细节理解题。根据文中Put your dream grades（理想的分数）on the wall next to your bed or computer. It means （意味着）you will see and think about it every day. 把你梦寐以求的成绩贴在床边或电脑旁的墙上。这意味着你每天都会看到并思考它。可知这样是为了每天能够提醒自己，故选C。34．词义猜测题。根据文中最后一段When do you work best? Are you an early bird or a night owl（猫头鹰）, or something in between? Find your most productive work time. and then plan to study at this time. 你什么时候工作最好？你是早起的鸟儿，夜猫子还是介于两者之间的？找到你最……工作时间。然后计划在这个时候学习。可知这一段是给出的建议是什么时候工作的效率最高，因此productive在这里的意思应该是“有效的”，故选A。35．最佳标题题。根据整个文章的理解及文章的开头Good study habits are important for all students. When you have good study habits, you will learn faster and find you have a good memory (记忆). 良好的学习习惯对所有学生都很重要。当你有好的学习习惯时，你会学得更快，并且发现你有一个好的记忆力。可知文章讲述的是好的学习习惯的重要性，所以这里应该B选项比较合适，故选B。【点睛】英语阅读理解中的细节理解题属于直接解答性问题，是阅读理解题中最简单的一种，多数属中低难度的送分题。但由于中考所占的比例很大，应特别引起注意。但是有些题目中会有一些细小的区别，做题一定要注意区别。有些答案和原文内容会稍有不同，但是大体意思是一样的。比如本题第三小题Why should we put your dream grade on the wall? 根据文中Put your dream grades（理想的分数）on the wall next to your bed or computer. It means （意味着）you will see and think about it every day.便可得出答案。36．A    37．D    38．C    39．B    40．D【解析】试题解析：这篇短文主要讲述了伦敦为解决交通问题，推行了租用单车的改革方法，鼓励当地人骑单车。以及这项改革措施所存在的问题，例如单车数量不足，钥匙的丢失和单车的丢失等。政府也正在想办法来解决这些问题。36．A细节理解题。根据文中第一段内容The government encourages local people to ride bikes in order to solve the traffic problem.为了解决交通问题，政府鼓励当地的人骑单车。故选A，交通问题。37．D细节理解题。根据文中第三段内容About 12,450 keys have already been handed out to the local people,大约12450把钥匙发放到当地人手中。故选D。38．C词意猜测题。由前文得知，单车的数量不足，此句为an official(官员) from the government said that they would find some ways to deal with such a shortage.一名政府官员说他们将会寻找办法来解决这个短缺。Shortage短缺，故选C。39．B判断推理题题。根据文中第三段内容Local people can get these bikes at special docking stations（停靠站）当地人可以在特殊的停车站取单车，故判断B选项正确。40．D标题归纳题。这篇短文主要讲述了伦敦为解决交通问题，推行了租用单车的改革方法，鼓励当地人骑单车。所以此题选D，伦敦的单车改革。41．really    42．to meet    43．with    44．stars    45．exciting    46．are    47．reading    48．to shop    49．because    50．help【解析】本文是一封Tina写给Lucy的书信，信里主要讲述了Tina不能去Lucy的派对，以及Tina这个周末的安排和计划。41．句意：我这周末真的很忙。句子成分解析，空格处缺少副词修饰形容词busy，故real要变成really。故填really。42．句意：周六上午，我计划去机场接我的堂妹张兰。plan to do sth.“计划做某事”，故填to meet。43．句意：下午，我将和张兰去北京周围观光。横线处缺少介词，表示和张兰一起，故用介词with表示。故填with。44．句意：成龙是张兰最喜欢的电影明星之一。one of+名词复数形式表示“其中之一”，star是可数名词，故用复数形式。故填stars。45．句意：她觉得他的电影很刺激。句子成分解析，空格处缺少形容词作表语，故excite要变成exciting。故填exciting。46．句意：那里有很多书和杂志，我准备在那里看书。There be句型遵循就近原则，根据语境，描述某物的一般现状和情况，用一般现在时；“many books”是复数，故be动词用are。故填are。47．句意：那里有很多书和杂志，我准备在那里看书。根据“many books and magazines”可知，我准备在那里看书，do some reading“看书”。故填reading。48．句意：下午，我计划和我妈妈去购物，因为她想买些衣服给我。根据“am going”可知，该句的时态是一般将来时，结构：be going to+动词原形。故填to shop。49．句意：下午，我计划和我妈妈去购物，因为她想买些衣服给我。根据句意可知，我和妈妈去购物的原因是她想给我买衣服，故横线处用because“因为”，引导原因状语从句。故填because。50．句意：晚上，我将帮助妈妈做晚饭。联系下文“We're going to make dumplings.”可知，我将帮助妈妈一起做晚饭，help sb. do sth.“帮助某人做某事”；be going to后跟动词原形。故填help。51．can    52．be able to    53．was able to【解析】51．句意：她总是能自己解决问题。根据“always work out the problems by herself”总是能自己解决问题，可知这里强调自身已具有的能力，故填can。52．句意：我就能算出大象的重量。根据“find out the weight of the elephant.”算出大象的重量，可知应该是强调通过努力而获得的能力，will后接动词原形，故填be able to。53．句意：特里出发晚了，但他还是赶上了头班车。根据“Terry started late”出发晚了，可知这里强调通过努力才赶上的头班车，该句时态为一般过去时。故填was able to。54．One possible version:My dream JobI’d like to be a teacher when I grow up. Teachers help young people get knowledge and make them not only become cleverer and cleverer, but also be a good person, so teachers should be kind, friendly and helpful. In order to be a knowledgeable and skillful teacher, now I must study hard at all my subjects. I must learn a lot. Of course I should be kind to my friends and be polite to my teachers and parents to build up my good personality.I believe I can make my dream come true by working hard.keep on doing表示动作的反复This old man kept on coming to offer us hot water.这位老人不断地给我们送热水。keep doing表示动作或状态的持续He kept standing there for an hour without moving. 他在那儿一动不动地站了一个小时。