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2023-2024学年河南省周口市川汇区周口恒大中学高三上学期11月期中考试英语试题含答案
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这是一份2023-2024学年河南省周口市川汇区周口恒大中学高三上学期11月期中考试英语试题含答案，共24页。试卷主要包含了请将答案正确填写在答题卡上等内容，欢迎下载使用。
考试时间：120分钟；满分：120分
注意事项：
1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息
2．请将答案正确填写在答题卡上
第I卷（选择题）
第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、 B、C D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Mbile Laves & Fishes
Mbile Laves & Fishes (MLFY) is a scial service rganizatin that has been changing cmmunities int a lifestyle f service with the hmeless. Funded in 1998 in Austin, Texas, the rganizatin prvides services thrugh three main prgrams.
Truck Ministry
Mbile Laves & Fishes' fd truck vlunteers hit the streets 7 nights a week, 365 days a year t serve the hmeless, delivering fd, clthing, hygiene prducts and ther life items. With the supprt f mre than 19, 000 vlunteers and ver 5 millin meals served, Mbile Laves & Fishes is the largest prepared feeding prgram t the hmeless and wrking pr in Austin, Texas.
Cmmunity First Village
Cmmunity First Village is a 51-acre master planned cmmunity that prvides affrdable, permanent husing and a supprtive cmmunity fr the disabled and hmeless in Central Texas. Since 2005, this transfrmative residential prgram has been a part f Mbile Laves & Fishes and has becme the largest cmmunity-based mdel in the cuntry lifting hmeless men and wmen up ff the streets int cmmunity and hme.
Cmmunity Wrks
Mbile Laves & Fishes develped the Cmmunity Wrks prgram at Cmmunity First Village. It prvides jb pprtunities fr the residents wh are cming ut f hmelessness t earn an incme. In additin, the prgram requests Mbile Laves & Fishes vlunteers t serve alngside and build enduring relatinships with ur friends as they develp new skills.
Opprtunities fr mre vlunteers
Thank yu fr yur interest in Mbile Laves & Fishes! We have a variety f vlunteer pprtunities. Please read the service requirements carefully befre yur applicatin t fulfill service hurs with MLF.
●Vlunteer shifts are made available n a first-cme, first-served basis.
●ALL vlunteers under the age f 18 MUST be accmpanied by an adult.
●All vlunteers must wear specific clthing and shes fr that jb.
●Vlunteers must arrive n time r their shift will be rescheduled upn arrival.
1．What des Truck Ministry d with the hmeless?
A．It remves them ut f streets.B．It ffers them jb pprtunities.
C．It prvides them a permanent huse.D．It delivers them mre than a sandwich.
2．What d the residents f the Cmmunity Wrks d?
A．They becme vlunteers f MLF.B．They are ffered wrk t get mney.
C．They prepare fd fr the prgram.D．They build relatinships with friends.
3．What is the purpse f the last part f the text?
A．T encurage dnatin.B．T intrduce the MLF.
C．T prvide new services.D．T advertise fr mre vlunteers.
B
Nbdy ever imagined that after being lst fr mre than half a century, the intangible cultural heritage knwn as Galu Mixian wuld be restred and passed dwn by a yung man. “As smene f Galu rigin, I have a respnsibility t restre ur ancestrs’ art frm,” said Chen Gurui, the wrld’s nly inheritr f this ancient art.
Galu Mixian uses rice paste(米糊)t glue tgether selected grains f transparent rice t create realistic figures r structures. It is a unique flk art that develped during the Qing Dynasty and reached its peak during the first half f the 20th century. Each husehld in Galu village wuld make rice structures that they put n display in their ancestral halls during the Chinese New Year, which attracted peple frm all sides.
Hwever, due t the wet weather in suthern China, these rice-made artwrks wuld nly last three t fur mnths befre lsing their shape. It is fr this reasn that these wrks are nt seen in museums in China. Due t varius histrical reasns, mst peple in Galu village did nt pass dwn the art frm, which caused it t disappear nearly 70 years ag.
Chen fund ut abut this after hearing ne frmer resident express disappintment abut its lss. Curius, he started t d research and tried ut the methds he heard abut frm lder peple in the village. After several mnths f explratin, Chen finally cmpleted his first successful wrk.
Over the past five years, Chen has gradually imprved his skills and even begun using new techniques, such as creating sme clrful artwrks with clred grains f rice. Since 2017, peple at hme and abrad have taken an interest in this lng-lst art frm. T avid being the last inheritr(传承者), Chen has been giving classes t sme students at a primary schl in Fuzhu with the supprt f lcal educatin authrities.
4．What d we knw abut Galu Mixian?
A．It is mainly made f rice.B．It is stable in wet envirnment.
C．It is a ppular art frm natinwide.D．It was created fr religius reasns.
5．What des the underlined wrd “this” in Paragraph 4 refer t?
A．The technique f the artwrks.B．The disappearance f the art frm.
C．The disappintment f the villagers.D．The reasn why the artwrks lse their shape.
6．T train mre inheritrs, what has Chen Gurui dne?
A．Giving classes t primary students.B．Creating many clrful artwrks.
C．Imprving his skills.D．Asking lder villagers fr suggestins.
7．What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A．Chen Gurui’s Successful Wrks.
B．A Ppular Flk Art f A Chinese Village.
C．The Restratin f Intangible Cultural Heritage.
D．A Lng-lst Chinese Art Frm and its Restratin.
C
In the mdern wrld mre and mre peple meet the prblem f identity.The mst interesting example is that f a s – called “banana”, which refers t an American wh has an Asian face but hlds Western values.
In Shanghai, there nw live a grup f peple frm abrad.They lk n different frm the lcals and speak fluent Chinese r even Shanghai dialect, but when it cmes t writing Chinese characters, they are almst illiterate（文盲）.Jack is such an example.He never learned t read r write Chinese characters, which he finds mysterius and difficult.Frm time t time, he files t the US as he des nt feel Shanghai is where he cmes frm.“But when I am in the States, I feel that’s nt my hme either,” he said.
At De Gaulle Airprt in France, there is a Swiss man wh has been living in the waiting – rm fr a lng time because he lst h is passprt during his travels.He was refused entry int several cuntries.But when he was eventually allwed t return t Swizerland, he refused t leave the airprt.His reasn was very simple—“I am sure wh I am.I need n acknwledgement frm thers,” he said during an interview.Fr th is reasn he was hnred by the Western media as “the Her f identity.”
As the Internet becmes mre and mre ppular, the prblem f identity becmes mre serius.In a virtual wrld, peple can have different addresses registered with different names.In the Internet chat rm, even ne’s gender（性别） is hard t determine.It seems that in the glhal village, peple are saying hell every day t each ther withut knwing whm they are talking t.
What will be the next crisis（危机） f identity? With the develpment f clning technlgy, it might be: wh is the real “I”?
8．What des the passage mainly talk abut?
A．The imprtance f identity.
B．The crisis f identity.
C．Differences between Eastern and Western cultures.
D．Difficulty in living in freign cunties.
9．The Swiss man had t live in De Gaulle Airprt in France because ____.
A．he needed t bard a plane at any time
B．he culdn’t affrd t live in a htel
C．he needed thers acknwledgement
D．he culdn’t prve wh he was
10．A “banana” in the passage is in fact an ____ .
A．American traveling t AsiaB．American keeping Eastern culture
C．American brn in AsiaD．America – brn Asian
11．We can infer frm the passage that the authr believes ____ .
A．there will be mre prblems relating t identity in the future
B．Internet technlgy helps slve prblems f identity
C．nly peple traveling abrad have prblems f identity
D．peple dn’t need t wrry abut identity
D
Lisa Pina never thught she wuld need the fire safety training she received when she was a student learning painting. On Friday mrning, she felt s thankful fr having gt the training.
On Thursday night, while Pina was lking after her granddaughter, nephew and tw nieces in her sister’s apartment, she smelled smke and realized the apartment building was n fire. When her 4-year-ld granddaughter Garcia began saying, “we’re ging t die”, she knew she had t act. Pina first clsed the dr, and then tld all fur children t lie n the flr. After calling 911, she tld the children t start singing and prmised them whatever they wanted t have as sn as they reached safety.
“I said, ‘OK, we’re ging t lie dwn and we’re all ging t play a game,’” Pina said. “We all started singing ur ABCs and 123s. I was just trying t make it fun.”
Pina waited with patience, and a few minutes later, firefighters arrived. Pina and the children were all trapped n the secnd flr as flames filled the first flr.
Pina did the nly thing she culd. She pened the windw and drpped the children, ne by ne, int the arms f the firefighters’ abut 15-20 feet belw.
“I just needed t keep the kids calm s they wuldn’t be frightened,” Pina said. “I was actually afraid inside, but I culdn’t let them knw that.”
After the children was saved, firefighters rescued Pina with a ladder. Ten peple were sent t hspital fr suffering smke, but nbdy was seriusly injured r killed.
12．Which is the right rder f what Pina did accrding t Paragragh2?
a. tld the children t lie n the flr
b. let the children start singing
c. clsed the dr
d. called 911
A．a-c-d-bB．a-b-c-dC．c-d-a-bD．c-a-d-b
13．Why did Pina and the children start t sing sngs?
A．T make herself nt afraid.B．T spent time waiting fr rescue.
C．T help calm dwn the children.D．T practice the fire safety training.
14．Frm the text, we knw that _________.
A．during the fire Pina wasn’t afraid at all
B．Lisa Pina was the first t be saved
C．the children were sent t hspital after the fire
D．the fire didn’t cause any death
15．Which f the fllwing wrds can best describe Pina?
A．Helpless.B．Brave.C．Hardwrking.D．Frightened.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Imagine that as yu are barding an airplane, half the engineers wh built the plane tell yu there is a 10 percent chance the plane will crash, killing yu and everyne else n bard. Wuld yu still bard?
In 2022, ver 700 tp academics and researchers behind the leading artificial intelligence cmpanies were asked in a survey abut future AI risk. Half f thse surveyed stated that there was a 10 percent r greater chance f human extinctin frm future AI systems. 16
The fear f AI has haunted humanity since the mid-20th century, yet until recently it has remained a distant prspect, smething that belngs in sci-fi mre than in serius scientific and plitical debates. 17 It is even harder t grasp the speed at which these tls are develping even mre advanced and pwerful capabilities. But mst f the key skills bil dwn t ne thing: the ability t manipulate (操纵) and generate language, whether with wrds, sunds r images.
In the beginning was the wrd. 18 Frm language emerges myth and law, gds and mney, art and science, friendships and natins—even cmputer cde. AI’s new mastery f language means it can nw hack and manipulate the perating system f civilizatin. What wuld it mean fr humans t live in a wrld where a large percentage f stries, meldies, images, laws, plicies and tls are shaped by nn-human intelligence? 19 What happens when the same thing ccurs in art, plitics, and even religin?
20 We are surrunded by culture, experiencing reality thrugh a cultural prism (棱镜). Our views are shaped by the reprts f jurnalists and the accunts f friends. What will it be like t experience reality thrugh a prism prduced by nn-human intelligence? The time t reckn with AI is befre ur plitics, ur ecnmy and ur daily life becme dependent n it.
A．Humans ften dn’t have direct access t reality.
B．Language is the perating system f human culture.
C．In games like chess, n human can hpe t beat a cmputer.
D．By gaining mastery f language, AI is seizing the master key t civilizatin.
E．Technlgy cmpanies are caught in a race t put all f humanity n that plane.
F．Fr thusands f years we humans have lived inside the dreams f ther humans.
G．It’s difficult fr human minds t grasp the capabilities f GPT-4 and similar tls.
第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30 分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In interviews, famus peple ften say that the key t becming bth happy and successful is t “d what yu lve.” But 21 a skill, even ne that yu deeply lve, calls fr plenty f drills. Any challenging activity —frm cmputer prgramming t playing a musical instrument t athletics — requires 22 practice. A perfect glf swing r faultless butterfly strke (蝶泳) takes cuntless hurs f practice and repetitins t perfect.
Anyne wh wants t have a gd cmmand f a skill must g thrugh the 23 f practice, critical feedback, plish, and increasing imprvement again, again, and again. Sme peple seem able t cncentrate n practicing an activity like this fr years and take 24 in their gradual imprvement. Yet thers find this kind f fcused, time-intensive wrk t be 25 r bring. Why?
The 26 may depend n the ability t enter int a state f “flw,” the feeling f being cmpletely invlved in what yu are ding. Flw states can happen in the curse f any activity, and they are mst cmmn when a task has definite gals and where the individual is able t 27 their perfrmance t clear and immediate feedback.
Csikszentmihalyi suggested that thse wh mst 28 entered int flw states had an “auttelic persnality” — a tendency t seek ut challenges and get int a state f flw. While thse withut such a persnality see difficulties, auttelic individuals see pprtunities t build skills and they have lw levels f self-centeredness. Such peple, with their ability t fcus n tasks rather than rewards have a great 29 ver thers in develping their innate (天生的) abilities. But hw can we get int flw state fr an activity s that we enjy bth the prcess f imprving skills and the 30 f being a master？
31 fr thse f us wh dn’t necessarily pssess an auttelic persnality, there is evidence that flw states can be 32 by envirnmental factrs. Fr instance, in Mntessri schls, students d nt study by fllwing direct instructin. 33 , they are encuraged t develp and pursue persnal interests. Cmpetitin is 34 and grading is nt emphasized. Students are gruped tgether accrding t shared interests, rather than separated by ability.
While there isn’t yet a pill that can turn dull practice int an exciting activity fr anyne, it is cmfrting that we seem t be able t advance int flw states. By giving urselves unstructured, pen-ended time, minimum distractins and task set at mderate level f 35 , we may be able t lve what we’re ding while we put in the hard wrk practicing the things we lve ding.
21．A．functiningB．stimulatingC．enrichingD．mastering
22．A．fixedB．cncentratedC．paralleledD．instructed
23．A．transfrmatinB．substituteC．cycleD．cnditin
24．A．rleB．pleasureC．an interestD．part
25．A．pisnusB．rewardingC．ignrantD．frustrating
26．A．bjectinB．distinctinC．principleD．standard
27．A．applyB．devteC．adjustD．expse
28．A．deliberatelyB．readilyC．hesitantlyD．flexibly
29．A．featureB．cntrlC．advantageD．sympathy
30．A．securityB．jealusyC．rewardD．cntributin
31．A．UnexpectedlyB．FrtunatelyC．TypicallyD．Obviusly
32．A．cultivatedB．extendedC．influencedD．bridged
33．A．OtherwiseB．TherefreC．FurthermreD．Instead
34．A．advcatedB．suspendedC．discuragedD．bserved
35．A．prirityB．difficultyC．curisityD．identity
第Ⅱ 卷(非选择题 共55分)
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分 满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个这适当的单词或括号内单词的正确式。
Cntrary t 36 sme peple might assume, evidence 37 (shw) that sharks seldm attack humans. There are three types f shark attacks. In the main type, the shark attacks yu because it mistakes yu 38 a fish, 39 when it tastes human flesh, it decides 40 (give) up and swims away. In the secnd type, the shark 41 (push) yu with 42 nse t find ut if yu are fit t be eaten, and then bites yu 43 it thinks yu are. In the third type, the shark waits fr yu t swim by, and then attacks yu all f 44 sudden. The last tw types f attack mre ften result in the 45 (die) f humans.
第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是李华，春节即将来临，你想邀请你的英国好友Alex来中国过春节，他对中国的传统节日很感兴趣。请你根据以下要点给他写一封电子邮件。
1. 向对方发出邀请；
2. 对春节进行简单的介绍：春节的由来，庆祝方式等；
3. 期待他早日来中国共度佳节，感受节日气氛。
注意：词数120左右;
可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Last August, Je and Mary Mahney began lking at clleges fr their 17-year-ld daughter, Maureen. With a checklist f criteria in hand, the Dallas family lked arund the cuntry visiting half a dzen schls. They sught a university that ffered the teenager’s intended majr, ne lcated near a large city, and a campus where their daughter wuld be safe.
“The safety issue is a big ne,” says Je Mahney, wh quickly discvered he wasn’t alne in his wrries. On campus turs ther parents viced similar cncerns, and the same questin was always asked: what abut crime? But when cllege fficials always gave the same answer- “That’s nt a prblem here,” --Mahney began t feel uneasy.
“N crime whatsever?” cmments Mahney tday. “I just dn’t buy it. ” Nr shuld he: in 1999 the U.S. Department f educatin had reprts f nearly 400,000 serius crimes n r arund ur campuses. “Parents need t understand that times have changed since they went t cllege,” says David Nichls, authr f Creating a Safe Campus. “Campus crime mirrrs the rest f the natin."
But getting accurate infrmatin isn’t easy. Clleges must reprt crime statistics by law, but sme hld back fr fear f bad publicity, leaving the hnest nes lking dangerus. “The truth may nt always be serius,” warms S. Daniel Carter f Security n Campus, Inc., the natin’s leading campus safety watchdg grup.
T help cncerned parents,
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参考答案：
1．D 2．B 3．D
【分析】本文是应用文。文章是社会服务组织Mbile Laves & Fishes招聘更多志愿者的广告。
1．细节理解题。根据Truck Ministry部分的“Mbile Laves & Fishes' fd truck vlunteers hit the streets 7 nights a week, 365 days a year t serve the hmeless, delivering fd, clthing, hygiene prducts and ther life items.( Mbile Laves & Fishes的餐车志愿者每周7晚、一年365天走上街头，为无家可归者提供服务，运送食物、衣服、卫生用品和其他生活用品)”可知，Truck Ministry不仅仅为无家可归者提供三明治。故选D项。
2．细节理解题。根据Cmmunity Wrks部分的“It prvides jb pprtunities fr the residents wh are cming ut f hmelessness t earn an incme.(它为无家可归的居民提供了获得收入的工作机会)”可知，Cmmunity Wrks的居民被提供给工作赚钱。故选B项。
3．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Thank yu fr yur interest in Mbile Laves & Fishes! We have a variety f vlunteer pprtunities. Please read the service requirements carefully befre yur applicatin t fulfill service hurs with MLF.( 谢谢你对Mbile Laves & Fishes的兴趣！我们有各种各样的做志愿者的机会。请在申请前仔细阅读服务要求，以完成服务时间。)”可推断，本段的目的是招聘更多的志愿者。故选D项。
4．A 5．B 6．A 7．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了非物质文化遗产——高楼米线，以及年轻人陈国锐为传承和发扬这一艺术所做的努力。
4．细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Galu Mixian uses rice paste (米糊) t glue tgether selected grains f transparent rice t create realistic figures r structures.(高楼米线用米糊把精选的透明米粒粘在一起，创造出逼真的人物或结构)”可知，高楼米线是用米糊粘大米制作的手工艺品，主要是由大米制成。故选A项。
5．词句猜测题。根据第三段最后一句“Due t varius histrical reasns, mst peple in Galu village did nt pass dwn the art frm, which caused it t disappear nearly 70 years ag.(由于各种历史原因，高楼村的大多数人都没有把这门艺术传承下去，导致它在近70年前消失了)”可知，高楼米线由于无人传承，最终消失了。结合划线词所在句“Chen fund ut abut this after hearing ne frmer resident express disappintment abut its lss.(陈是在听到一名前居民对失去它感到失望后才知道的)”和指代关系可推知，指示代词this指代的是上文中高楼米线这种艺术形式的消失。故选B项。
6．细节理解题。根据文章最后一句话“T avid being the last inheritr (传承者), Chen has been giving classes t sme students at a primary schl in Fuzhu with the supprt f lcal educatin authrities.(为了避免成为最后一名继承人，在当地教育部门的支持下，陈一直在福州一所小学给一些学生上课)”可知，为了培养更多的继承者，陈在给小学生上课。故选A项。
7．主旨大意题。通读全文，并结合文章第一段“Nbdy ever imagined that after being lst fr mre than half a century, the intangible cultural heritage knwn as Galu Mixian wuld be restred and passed dwn by a yung man.(谁也没有想到，失去半个多世纪的非物质文化遗产——高楼米线，会被一个年轻人修复并传承下去)”可知，文章介绍了非物质文化遗产——高楼米线，以及年轻人陈国锐为传承和发扬这一艺术所做的努力。所以“A Lng-lst Chinese Art Frm and its Restratin.(失传已久的中国艺术形式及其复新)”是最佳标题。故选D项。
8．B 9．D 10．D 11．A
【解析】8．根据In the mdern wrld mre and mre peple meet the prblem f identity．及下文描述可知选B。
9．根据because he lst h is passprt during his travels．他在旅途中丢了护照，可知选D，他无法证明他是谁。
10．根据定语从句which refers t an American wh has an Asian face but hlds Western values．，选D，美国出生的亚洲人。
11．根据As the Internet becmes mre and mre ppular, the prblem f identity becmes mre serius．和With the develpment f clning technlgy, it might be: wh is the real “I”?
可知在未来有关身份的问题会更多，故选A。
12．D 13．C 14．D 15．B
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了Lisa Pina运用曾经学习过的消防安全培训内容，在火灾发生时，成功救出被困的孩子们并进行自救的故事。
12．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Pina first clsed the dr, and then tld all fur children t lie n the flr. After calling 911, she tld the children t start singing and prmised them whatever they wanted t have as sn as they reached safety.”（Pina先把门关上，然后叫四个孩子躺在地板上。在拨打911后，她告诉孩子们开始唱歌，并承诺一旦他们到达安全的地方，他们想要什么就给他们什么。）可知，Pina行为的顺序是“关门——让孩子们躺在地板上——拨打911——让孩子们开始唱歌”。故选D项。
13．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“When her 4-year-ld granddaughter Garcia began saying, “we’re ging t die”, she knew she had t act.”（当她4岁的孙女加西亚开始说：“我们要死了”时，她知道自己必须行动起来。）及“After calling 911, she tld the children t start singing and prmised them whatever they wanted t have as sn as they reached safety.”（在拨打911后，她告诉孩子们开始唱歌，并承诺一旦他们到达安全的地方，他们想要什么就给他们什么。）及倒数第二段“I just needed t keep the kids calm s they wuldn’t be frightened”（我只是需要让孩子们保持冷静，这样他们就不会害怕 ）可推知，当Pina听到孙女很害怕时，她行动起来，带着孩子们一起唱歌，找些乐子，是为了帮助在惊恐中的孩子们平静下来。故选C项。
14．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Ten peple were sent t hspital fr suffering smke, but nbdy was seriusly injured r killed.”（10人因浓烟被送往医院，但没有人严重受伤或死亡。）可知，这场火灾没有造成任何人死亡。故选D项。
15．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Pina first clsed the dr, and then tld all fur children t lie n the flr. After calling 911, she tld the children t start singing and prmised them whatever they wanted t have as sn as they reached safety.”（Pina先把门关上，然后叫四个孩子躺在地板上。在拨打911后，她告诉孩子们开始唱歌，并承诺一旦他们到达安全的地方，他们想要什么就给他们什么。）及倒数第二段“I was actually afraid inside, but I culdn’t let them knw that.”（我内心其实很害怕，但我不能让他们知道。）并结合全文描述Pina带领孩子们脱困的过程可知，Pina遇到火灾，虽然内心害怕，但是仍然镇定安慰受惊的孩子，同时进行自救，最后大家都成功获救，因此，Pina是勇敢的。故选B项。
16．E 17．G 18．B 19．C 20．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍人工智能可能让人类面临巨大危机。
16．根据上文“In 2022, ver 700 tp academics and researchers behind the leading artificial intelligence cmpanies were asked in a survey abut future AI risk. Half f thse surveyed stated that there was a 10 percent r greater chance f human extinctin frm future AI systems.(2022年，一项关于未来人工智能风险的调查询问了700多名顶尖学者和领先人工智能公司背后的研究人员。一半的受访者表示，未来的人工智能系统有10%或更大的可能性导致人类灭绝)”结合第一段提到让人们登上有10%坠机可能的飞机，以及下文陈述人工智能将让人类面临危机可知，技术（人工智能）让所有人类都登上了这家可能坠毁的“飞机”。E项“Technlgy cmpanies are caught in a race t put all f humanity n that plane.(科技公司陷入了一场让全人类都登上这架飞机的竞赛)”符合语境。故选E。
17．根据下文“It is even harder t grasp the speed at which these tls are develping even mre advanced and pwerful capabilities.(要掌握这些工具开发更先进、更强大功能的速度就更难了)”中的even harder推知，空处陈述了一种人类难以掌握的工具。G项“It’s difficult fr human minds t grasp the capabilities f GPT-4 and similar tls.(人类很难掌握GPT-4和类似工具的功能)”符合题意，difficult呼应下文harder， 下文thesd tls指代选项中的GPT-4 and similar tls。故选G。
18．根据下文“Frm language emerges myth and law, gds and mney, art and science, friendships and natins—even cmputer cde. (从语言中产生了神话和法律、商品和金钱、艺术和科学、友谊和国家，甚至计算机代码)”可知，语言对人类来说尤为重要。再结合“AI’s new mastery f language means it can nw hack and manipulate the perating system f civilizatin.(人工智能对语言的新掌握意味着它现在可以破解和操纵文明的操作系统)”推知，语言之所以重要是因为它是人类的操作系统。B项“Language is the perating system f human culture.(语言是人类文化的操作系统)”符合题意。故选B。
19．根据上文“AI’s new mastery f language means it can nw hack and manipulate the perating system f civilizatin.(人工智能对语言的新掌握意味着它现在可以破解和操纵文明的操作系统)”和下文“What happens when the same thing ccurs in art, plitics, and even religin?(当同样的事情发生在艺术、政治甚至宗教中时会发生什么？)”推知，空处提到了一种人工智能操纵或者打败人类的情况，而当这样的事情发生在艺术、政治甚至宗教中时可能会产生难以预料的后果。C项“In games like chess, n human can hpe t beat a cmputer.(在像国际象棋这样的游戏中，没有人能指望打败电脑)”符合语境，下文的“the same thing”指代选项内容。故选C。
20．空处位于段首，应总起下文。根据下文“We are surrunded by culture, experiencing reality thrugh a cultural prism (棱镜). Our views are shaped by the reprts f jurnalists and the accunts f friends. What will it be like t experience reality thrugh a prism prduced by nn-human intelligence?(我们被文化包围，通过文化棱镜体验现实。记者的报道和朋友的描述塑造了我们的观点。通过非人类智慧产生的棱镜来体验现实会是什么样子？)”可知，我们的观点通常都是根据记者的报道和朋友的描述形成的，由此推知，人类很少直接接触现实。A项“Humans ften dn’t have direct access t reality.(人类通常无法直接接触现实)”符合题意，总起下文，reality是关键词。故选A。
21．D 22．B 23．C 24．B 25．D 26．B 27．C 28．B 29．C 30．C 31．B 32．A 33．D 34．C 35．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。任何想要掌握一项技能的人都必须经历一遍又一遍的练习。一些人能够集中精力练习这样的活动，并且喜欢这种过程，而另一些人则觉得集中精力、耗费时间的工作令人沮丧。这主要是因为“心流状态”——一种完全投入到你正在做的事情中的感觉。文章介绍了心流状态的特点和容易进入心流状态的人的特点，以及有证据表明环境因素可以培养心流状态。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但掌握一项技能，即使是你深爱的技能，也需要大量的练习。A. functining工作，运转；B. stimulating促进，激发；C. enriching使充实，使丰富；D. mastering掌握。根据本句中“calls fr plenty f drills”及下文“Anyne wh wants t have a gd cmmand f a skill must g thrugh the ____3____ f practice”可知，此处指“掌握”一项技能。故选D项。
22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：任何具有挑战性的活动——从计算机编程到演奏乐器再到体育运动——都需要专注的练习。A. fixed固定的；B. cncentrated集中的，全神贯注的；C. paralleled平行的；D. instructed受教育的，得到指示的。结合语境可知，此处指“任何具有挑战性的活动都需要专注的练习”。下一段中的“Sme peple seem able t cncentrate n practicing an activity…”及“Yet thers find this kind f fcused, time-intensive wrk…”均是提示。故选B项。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：任何想要掌握一项技能的人都必须经历一个循环：练习、批评反馈、润色和一次又一次的提高。A. transfrmatin转变；B. substitute替代物；C. cycle循环；D. cnditin条件。根据“practice, critical feedback, plish, and increasing imprvement again, again, and again.”可知，这种练习需要一遍又一遍地循环。故选C项。
24．考查名词词义和短语辨析。句意：有些人似乎能够专注于练习这样的活动多年，并从他们的逐渐进步中获得乐趣。A. rle角色，作用；B. pleasure快乐，乐趣；C. an interest兴趣；D. part部分，角色。根据“Sme peple seem able t cncentrate n practicing an activity like this fr years”可知，这些人能够专注于练习有挑战性的活动多年，可见他们对自己取得进步感到快乐。故选B项。
25．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但也有人认为这种专注、耗时的工作令人沮丧或无聊。A. pisnus有毒的；B. rewarding值得的，有意义的；C. ignrant无知的；D. frustrating令人沮丧的。空处和bring是并列意义，frustrating“令人沮丧的”可以承接time-intensive的语义，可以体现工作因费时而令人沮丧的逻辑，故选D项。
26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种差异可能取决于进入“心流”状态的能力，即完全投入到你正在做的事情中的感觉。A. bjectin反对；B. distinctin区别，差异；C. principle原则；D. standard标准。结合上文可知有些人喜欢这种循环的状态，而一些人觉得沮丧，这是一种差异。故选B项。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“心流”状态可以发生在任何活动的过程中，当任务有明确的目标，并且个体能够调整自己的表现以获得清晰和即时的反馈时，这种状态最常见。A. apply申请；B. devte献身，致力；C. adjust调整；D. expse暴露。结合后文“their perfrmance t clear and immediate feedback”可推知是调整个人的表现以获得清晰和即时的反馈。故选C项。
28．考查副词词义辨析。句意：Csikszentmihalyi认为，那些最容易进入心流状态的人具有“自成性格”，一种寻找挑战并进入心流状态的倾向。A. deliberately故意地；B. readily容易地，乐意地；C. hesitantly犹豫地；D. flexibly灵活地。结合后文“had an ‘auttelic persnality’ — a tendency t seek ut challenges and get int a state f flw.”可知，拥有“自成性格”的人更容易进入心流状态。故选B项。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些人拥有专注于任务而不是奖励的能力，在发展他们的天生能力方面比其他人有很大的优势。A. feature特点；B. cntrl控制；C. advantage优点，优势；D. sympathy同情心。根据“with their ability t fcus n tasks rather than rewards”可知，具有专注于任务而不是奖励能力的人应是在发展天性方面有优势。故选C项。
30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我们如何在一个活动中进入“心流”状态，既享受提高技能的过程，又享受成为大师的回报呢？A. security安全；B. jealusy嫉妒，羡慕；C. reward奖励，回报；D. cntributin贡献。根据上文“Such peple, with their ability t fcus n tasks rather than rewards…”可知，容易进入“心流”状态的人专注于任务而不是奖励，此处问如何才能进入“心流”状态时拥有两者，即享受技能的提高，也能有成为大师的奖励，故选C项。
31．考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，对于我们这些不一定拥有自成性格的人来说，有证据表明心流状态可以由环境因素培养。A. Unexpectedly出乎意料地；B. Frtunately幸运地；C. Typically典型地，通常；D. Obviusly显而易见地。结合后文“there is evidence that flw states can be ____12____ by envirnmental factrs.”可知，虽然我们不一定拥有自成性格，但是幸运地是（Frtunately），有证据表明心流状态可以由环境因素培养。故选B项。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，对于我们这些不一定拥有自成性格的人来说，有证据表明心流状态可以由环境因素培养。A. cultivated培养，栽培；B. extended延申，扩大；C. influenced影响；D. bridged消除（隔阂）。结合空后的“by envirnmental factrs”及下文Mntessri学校通过鼓励学生发展个人兴趣而不鼓励竞争和排名，从而让学生更容易进入心流状态的例子可知，心流状态可以由环境因素培养。故选A项。
33．考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，他们被鼓励发展和追求个人兴趣。A. Otherwise否则，不然；B. Therefre因此；C. Furthermre而且；D. Instead相反。结合上一句“students d nt study by fllwing direct instructin.”可知，学生不按照直接的指示学习，相反，他们被鼓励发展和追求个人兴趣。故选D项。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：不鼓励竞争，不强调评分。A. advcated提倡；B. suspended停止；C. discuraged使泄气，使打消念头；D. bserved观察。结合上文“students d nt study by fllwing direct instructin.”及空后“and grading is nt emphasized”可知，学生被鼓励发展和追求个人兴趣，不鼓励竞争，也不强调评分。故选C项。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过给自己无组织和开放的时间、最小的干扰和设置中等难度的任务，当我们努力练习我们喜欢做的事情时，我们可能会爱上我们正在做的事情。A. pririty优先权；B. difficulty困难；C. curisity好奇心；D. identity身份。根据“unstructured, pen-ended time, minimum distractins”可知，此处是让自己更容易进入心流状态的一些条件，“中等难度的任务”符合语境。故选B项。
36．what 37．shws 38．fr 39．but 40．t give 41．pushes 42．its 43．if/when 44．a 45．death
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了三种常见的鲨鱼攻击人类的情况。
36．考查宾语从句。句意：与一些人的假设相反，证据表明鲨鱼很少攻击人类。分析句子可知，句子为宾语从句，空格处单词引导从句，作“Cntrary t”的宾语，从句中缺少“assume”的宾语，指事物，没有选择范围，故应用“what”引导从句。故填what。
37．考查时态。句意：与一些人的假设相反，证据表明鲨鱼很少攻击人类。分析句子可知，句子陈述的是客观事实，为一般现在时，“shw”意为“表明”，动词词性，句子主语“evidence”为不可数名词，故应用“shw”的三单形式“shws”。故填shws。
38．考查固定短语。句意：在主要的攻击类型中，鲨鱼攻击你是因为它误认为你是鱼，但当它尝到人肉时，它决定放弃并游走。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短语“mistake…fr…”，意为“把……误认为……”，故空格处应用介词“fr”。故填fr。
39．考查连词。句意：在主要的攻击类型中，鲨鱼攻击你是因为它误认为你是鱼，但当它尝到人肉时，它决定放弃并游走。分析句子可知，句中“鲨鱼攻击你”和“它决定放弃并游走”之间为转折关系，故应用连词“but”连接，意为“但是”，表转折。故填but。
40．考查固定短语。句意：在主要的攻击类型中，鲨鱼攻击你是因为它误认为你是鱼，但当它尝到人肉时，它决定放弃并游走。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短语“decide t d sth.”，意为“决定做某事”，“give up”意为“放弃”，故空格处应填“t give”。故填t give。
41．考查时态。句意：在第二种情况下，鲨鱼会用鼻子推你，看看你是否适合被吃掉，如果它认为你适合，就会咬你（当它认为你适合时，就会咬你）。分析句子可知，句子陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，“push”意为“推”，动词词性，句子主语为“shark”，为可数名词单数，故空格处应用“push”的三单形式“pushes”。故填pushes。
42．考查代词。句意：在第二种情况下，鲨鱼会用鼻子推你，看看你是否适合被吃掉，如果它认为你适合，就会咬你（当它认为你适合时，就会咬你）。分析句子可知，“nse”为名词，前面应用形容词性物主代词修饰，句子主语为“shark”，指鲨鱼会用它的鼻子推你，故空格处应用“its”，意为“它的”，为形容词性物主代词。故填its。
43．考查从属连词。句意：在第二种情况下，鲨鱼会用鼻子推你，看看你是否适合被吃掉，如果它认为你适合，就会咬你（当它认为你适合时，就会咬你）。分析句子可知，当句子为时间状语从句时，空格处应用“when”引导从句，意为“当……时”，指当它认为你适合时，就会咬你；当句子为条件状语从句时，空格处应用“if”引导从句，意为“如果”，指如果它认为你适合，就会咬你。故填if/when。
44．考查固定短语。句意：在第三种情况下，鲨鱼会等着你游过去，然后突然攻击你。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短语“all f a sudden”，意为“突然地”，故空格处应填“a”。故填a。
45．考查名词。句意：最后两种类型的攻击通常会导致人类死亡。分析句子可知，定冠词“the”后接名词，作“result in”的宾语，“die”为动词，对应的名词为“death”，意为“死亡”，为不可数名词。故填death。
46．Dear Alex,
Hw is everything ging? I’m glad t have received yur letter in which yu asked me abut the Spring Festival in China and I’m writing t tell yu sme details.
The Spring Festival falls n the first day f the first lunar mnth, which is the mst imprtant festival celebrated in China. Peple engage in many traditinal custms such as putting up decratins, eating a reunin dinner with family, setting ff firewrks, and receiving red envelpes as well as ther gifts. Additinally, varius traditinal fd is served, including jiazi. On New Year’s Eve, families usually get tgether and watch the Spring Festival Gala hsted by CCTV. It’s a custm fr us Chinese t visit ur relatives during the festival when Children are extremely happy because they can receive lucky mney frm the elderly.
On behalf f my family, I sincerely invite yu t China t experience a wnderful Spring Festival. Lking frward t yur earliest reply.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是李华，春节即将来临，你想邀请你的英国好友Alex来中国过春节，他对中国的传统节日很感兴趣。请你根据以下要点给他写一封电子邮件。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：glad →pleased
此外：additinally →besides
各种各样的：varius →varieties f
走访：visit →pay a visit t
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：On New Year’s Eve, families usually get tgether and watch the Spring Festival Gala hsted by CCTV.
拓展句：On New Year’s Eve, families usually get tgether and watch the Spring Festival Gala hsted by CCTV, which is the mst ppular prgram in China.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m glad t have received yur letter in which yu asked me abut the Spring Festival in China and I’m writing t tell yu sme details.（运用了“介词+which”引导的定语从句）
【高分句型2】It’s a custm fr us Chinese t visit ur relatives during the festival when Children are extremely happy because they can receive lucky mney frm the elderly.（运用了it作形式主语，不定式短语作真正主语、when引导的定语从句以及because引导的原因状语从句）
47．T help cncerned parents, Carter prmised t visit campuses and talk t experts arund the cuntry t find ut majr crime issues and effective slutins. It’s imprtant t have a clear set f criteria in mind. As Je Mahney nted, parents shuld als make sure t vice their cncerns abut campus safety and ask fr specific infrmatin frm cllege fficials. It’s als wrth acknwledging that campus crime mirrrs the rest f the natin. Unfrtunately, crime is a reality in many parts f ur sciety, and cllege campuses are n exceptin. Finally, it’s imprtant t recgnize that sme clleges may hld back crime statistics fr fear f bad publicity. This is a cncerning trend that undermines the safety f bth current and prspective students. As such, parents and students shuld supprt rganizatins like Security n Campus, Inc. that advcate fr transparency and imprved safety measures.
【导语】本文以安全为线索展开，文章以Mahney一家为女儿寻找学校为例介绍了美国的校园安全问题。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由首句内容“为了帮助忧心忡忡的家长，”可知，后文可描写解决校园安全有效的解决方案。
2.续写线索：找出问题——标准——了解——增加透明度——改进安全措施
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.参观：visit /pay a visit t
②.表达：vice /express
③.承认：recgnize / acknwledge
情绪类
①.不幸的是：unfrtunately / unluckily
②.担心：fear / anxiety
【点睛】[高分句型1]. It’s imprtant t have a clear set f criteria in mind.（运用了it作形式主语，真正的主语为不定式）
[高分句型2]. It’s als wrth acknwledging that campus crime mirrrs the rest f the natin.（运用了主语从句）
考试时间：120分钟；满分：120分
注意事项：
1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息
2．请将答案正确填写在答题卡上
第I卷（选择题）
第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、 B、C D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Mbile Laves & Fishes
Mbile Laves & Fishes (MLFY) is a scial service rganizatin that has been changing cmmunities int a lifestyle f service with the hmeless. Funded in 1998 in Austin, Texas, the rganizatin prvides services thrugh three main prgrams.
Truck Ministry
Mbile Laves & Fishes' fd truck vlunteers hit the streets 7 nights a week, 365 days a year t serve the hmeless, delivering fd, clthing, hygiene prducts and ther life items. With the supprt f mre than 19, 000 vlunteers and ver 5 millin meals served, Mbile Laves & Fishes is the largest prepared feeding prgram t the hmeless and wrking pr in Austin, Texas.
Cmmunity First Village
Cmmunity First Village is a 51-acre master planned cmmunity that prvides affrdable, permanent husing and a supprtive cmmunity fr the disabled and hmeless in Central Texas. Since 2005, this transfrmative residential prgram has been a part f Mbile Laves & Fishes and has becme the largest cmmunity-based mdel in the cuntry lifting hmeless men and wmen up ff the streets int cmmunity and hme.
Cmmunity Wrks
Mbile Laves & Fishes develped the Cmmunity Wrks prgram at Cmmunity First Village. It prvides jb pprtunities fr the residents wh are cming ut f hmelessness t earn an incme. In additin, the prgram requests Mbile Laves & Fishes vlunteers t serve alngside and build enduring relatinships with ur friends as they develp new skills.
Opprtunities fr mre vlunteers
Thank yu fr yur interest in Mbile Laves & Fishes! We have a variety f vlunteer pprtunities. Please read the service requirements carefully befre yur applicatin t fulfill service hurs with MLF.
●Vlunteer shifts are made available n a first-cme, first-served basis.
●ALL vlunteers under the age f 18 MUST be accmpanied by an adult.
●All vlunteers must wear specific clthing and shes fr that jb.
●Vlunteers must arrive n time r their shift will be rescheduled upn arrival.
1．What des Truck Ministry d with the hmeless?
A．It remves them ut f streets.B．It ffers them jb pprtunities.
C．It prvides them a permanent huse.D．It delivers them mre than a sandwich.
2．What d the residents f the Cmmunity Wrks d?
A．They becme vlunteers f MLF.B．They are ffered wrk t get mney.
C．They prepare fd fr the prgram.D．They build relatinships with friends.
3．What is the purpse f the last part f the text?
A．T encurage dnatin.B．T intrduce the MLF.
C．T prvide new services.D．T advertise fr mre vlunteers.
B
Nbdy ever imagined that after being lst fr mre than half a century, the intangible cultural heritage knwn as Galu Mixian wuld be restred and passed dwn by a yung man. “As smene f Galu rigin, I have a respnsibility t restre ur ancestrs’ art frm,” said Chen Gurui, the wrld’s nly inheritr f this ancient art.
Galu Mixian uses rice paste(米糊)t glue tgether selected grains f transparent rice t create realistic figures r structures. It is a unique flk art that develped during the Qing Dynasty and reached its peak during the first half f the 20th century. Each husehld in Galu village wuld make rice structures that they put n display in their ancestral halls during the Chinese New Year, which attracted peple frm all sides.
Hwever, due t the wet weather in suthern China, these rice-made artwrks wuld nly last three t fur mnths befre lsing their shape. It is fr this reasn that these wrks are nt seen in museums in China. Due t varius histrical reasns, mst peple in Galu village did nt pass dwn the art frm, which caused it t disappear nearly 70 years ag.
Chen fund ut abut this after hearing ne frmer resident express disappintment abut its lss. Curius, he started t d research and tried ut the methds he heard abut frm lder peple in the village. After several mnths f explratin, Chen finally cmpleted his first successful wrk.
Over the past five years, Chen has gradually imprved his skills and even begun using new techniques, such as creating sme clrful artwrks with clred grains f rice. Since 2017, peple at hme and abrad have taken an interest in this lng-lst art frm. T avid being the last inheritr(传承者), Chen has been giving classes t sme students at a primary schl in Fuzhu with the supprt f lcal educatin authrities.
4．What d we knw abut Galu Mixian?
A．It is mainly made f rice.B．It is stable in wet envirnment.
C．It is a ppular art frm natinwide.D．It was created fr religius reasns.
5．What des the underlined wrd “this” in Paragraph 4 refer t?
A．The technique f the artwrks.B．The disappearance f the art frm.
C．The disappintment f the villagers.D．The reasn why the artwrks lse their shape.
6．T train mre inheritrs, what has Chen Gurui dne?
A．Giving classes t primary students.B．Creating many clrful artwrks.
C．Imprving his skills.D．Asking lder villagers fr suggestins.
7．What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A．Chen Gurui’s Successful Wrks.
B．A Ppular Flk Art f A Chinese Village.
C．The Restratin f Intangible Cultural Heritage.
D．A Lng-lst Chinese Art Frm and its Restratin.
C
In the mdern wrld mre and mre peple meet the prblem f identity.The mst interesting example is that f a s – called “banana”, which refers t an American wh has an Asian face but hlds Western values.
In Shanghai, there nw live a grup f peple frm abrad.They lk n different frm the lcals and speak fluent Chinese r even Shanghai dialect, but when it cmes t writing Chinese characters, they are almst illiterate（文盲）.Jack is such an example.He never learned t read r write Chinese characters, which he finds mysterius and difficult.Frm time t time, he files t the US as he des nt feel Shanghai is where he cmes frm.“But when I am in the States, I feel that’s nt my hme either,” he said.
At De Gaulle Airprt in France, there is a Swiss man wh has been living in the waiting – rm fr a lng time because he lst h is passprt during his travels.He was refused entry int several cuntries.But when he was eventually allwed t return t Swizerland, he refused t leave the airprt.His reasn was very simple—“I am sure wh I am.I need n acknwledgement frm thers,” he said during an interview.Fr th is reasn he was hnred by the Western media as “the Her f identity.”
As the Internet becmes mre and mre ppular, the prblem f identity becmes mre serius.In a virtual wrld, peple can have different addresses registered with different names.In the Internet chat rm, even ne’s gender（性别） is hard t determine.It seems that in the glhal village, peple are saying hell every day t each ther withut knwing whm they are talking t.
What will be the next crisis（危机） f identity? With the develpment f clning technlgy, it might be: wh is the real “I”?
8．What des the passage mainly talk abut?
A．The imprtance f identity.
B．The crisis f identity.
C．Differences between Eastern and Western cultures.
D．Difficulty in living in freign cunties.
9．The Swiss man had t live in De Gaulle Airprt in France because ____.
A．he needed t bard a plane at any time
B．he culdn’t affrd t live in a htel
C．he needed thers acknwledgement
D．he culdn’t prve wh he was
10．A “banana” in the passage is in fact an ____ .
A．American traveling t AsiaB．American keeping Eastern culture
C．American brn in AsiaD．America – brn Asian
11．We can infer frm the passage that the authr believes ____ .
A．there will be mre prblems relating t identity in the future
B．Internet technlgy helps slve prblems f identity
C．nly peple traveling abrad have prblems f identity
D．peple dn’t need t wrry abut identity
D
Lisa Pina never thught she wuld need the fire safety training she received when she was a student learning painting. On Friday mrning, she felt s thankful fr having gt the training.
On Thursday night, while Pina was lking after her granddaughter, nephew and tw nieces in her sister’s apartment, she smelled smke and realized the apartment building was n fire. When her 4-year-ld granddaughter Garcia began saying, “we’re ging t die”, she knew she had t act. Pina first clsed the dr, and then tld all fur children t lie n the flr. After calling 911, she tld the children t start singing and prmised them whatever they wanted t have as sn as they reached safety.
“I said, ‘OK, we’re ging t lie dwn and we’re all ging t play a game,’” Pina said. “We all started singing ur ABCs and 123s. I was just trying t make it fun.”
Pina waited with patience, and a few minutes later, firefighters arrived. Pina and the children were all trapped n the secnd flr as flames filled the first flr.
Pina did the nly thing she culd. She pened the windw and drpped the children, ne by ne, int the arms f the firefighters’ abut 15-20 feet belw.
“I just needed t keep the kids calm s they wuldn’t be frightened,” Pina said. “I was actually afraid inside, but I culdn’t let them knw that.”
After the children was saved, firefighters rescued Pina with a ladder. Ten peple were sent t hspital fr suffering smke, but nbdy was seriusly injured r killed.
12．Which is the right rder f what Pina did accrding t Paragragh2?
a. tld the children t lie n the flr
b. let the children start singing
c. clsed the dr
d. called 911
A．a-c-d-bB．a-b-c-dC．c-d-a-bD．c-a-d-b
13．Why did Pina and the children start t sing sngs?
A．T make herself nt afraid.B．T spent time waiting fr rescue.
C．T help calm dwn the children.D．T practice the fire safety training.
14．Frm the text, we knw that _________.
A．during the fire Pina wasn’t afraid at all
B．Lisa Pina was the first t be saved
C．the children were sent t hspital after the fire
D．the fire didn’t cause any death
15．Which f the fllwing wrds can best describe Pina?
A．Helpless.B．Brave.C．Hardwrking.D．Frightened.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Imagine that as yu are barding an airplane, half the engineers wh built the plane tell yu there is a 10 percent chance the plane will crash, killing yu and everyne else n bard. Wuld yu still bard?
In 2022, ver 700 tp academics and researchers behind the leading artificial intelligence cmpanies were asked in a survey abut future AI risk. Half f thse surveyed stated that there was a 10 percent r greater chance f human extinctin frm future AI systems. 16
The fear f AI has haunted humanity since the mid-20th century, yet until recently it has remained a distant prspect, smething that belngs in sci-fi mre than in serius scientific and plitical debates. 17 It is even harder t grasp the speed at which these tls are develping even mre advanced and pwerful capabilities. But mst f the key skills bil dwn t ne thing: the ability t manipulate (操纵) and generate language, whether with wrds, sunds r images.
In the beginning was the wrd. 18 Frm language emerges myth and law, gds and mney, art and science, friendships and natins—even cmputer cde. AI’s new mastery f language means it can nw hack and manipulate the perating system f civilizatin. What wuld it mean fr humans t live in a wrld where a large percentage f stries, meldies, images, laws, plicies and tls are shaped by nn-human intelligence? 19 What happens when the same thing ccurs in art, plitics, and even religin?
20 We are surrunded by culture, experiencing reality thrugh a cultural prism (棱镜). Our views are shaped by the reprts f jurnalists and the accunts f friends. What will it be like t experience reality thrugh a prism prduced by nn-human intelligence? The time t reckn with AI is befre ur plitics, ur ecnmy and ur daily life becme dependent n it.
A．Humans ften dn’t have direct access t reality.
B．Language is the perating system f human culture.
C．In games like chess, n human can hpe t beat a cmputer.
D．By gaining mastery f language, AI is seizing the master key t civilizatin.
E．Technlgy cmpanies are caught in a race t put all f humanity n that plane.
F．Fr thusands f years we humans have lived inside the dreams f ther humans.
G．It’s difficult fr human minds t grasp the capabilities f GPT-4 and similar tls.
第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30 分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In interviews, famus peple ften say that the key t becming bth happy and successful is t “d what yu lve.” But 21 a skill, even ne that yu deeply lve, calls fr plenty f drills. Any challenging activity —frm cmputer prgramming t playing a musical instrument t athletics — requires 22 practice. A perfect glf swing r faultless butterfly strke (蝶泳) takes cuntless hurs f practice and repetitins t perfect.
Anyne wh wants t have a gd cmmand f a skill must g thrugh the 23 f practice, critical feedback, plish, and increasing imprvement again, again, and again. Sme peple seem able t cncentrate n practicing an activity like this fr years and take 24 in their gradual imprvement. Yet thers find this kind f fcused, time-intensive wrk t be 25 r bring. Why?
The 26 may depend n the ability t enter int a state f “flw,” the feeling f being cmpletely invlved in what yu are ding. Flw states can happen in the curse f any activity, and they are mst cmmn when a task has definite gals and where the individual is able t 27 their perfrmance t clear and immediate feedback.
Csikszentmihalyi suggested that thse wh mst 28 entered int flw states had an “auttelic persnality” — a tendency t seek ut challenges and get int a state f flw. While thse withut such a persnality see difficulties, auttelic individuals see pprtunities t build skills and they have lw levels f self-centeredness. Such peple, with their ability t fcus n tasks rather than rewards have a great 29 ver thers in develping their innate (天生的) abilities. But hw can we get int flw state fr an activity s that we enjy bth the prcess f imprving skills and the 30 f being a master？
31 fr thse f us wh dn’t necessarily pssess an auttelic persnality, there is evidence that flw states can be 32 by envirnmental factrs. Fr instance, in Mntessri schls, students d nt study by fllwing direct instructin. 33 , they are encuraged t develp and pursue persnal interests. Cmpetitin is 34 and grading is nt emphasized. Students are gruped tgether accrding t shared interests, rather than separated by ability.
While there isn’t yet a pill that can turn dull practice int an exciting activity fr anyne, it is cmfrting that we seem t be able t advance int flw states. By giving urselves unstructured, pen-ended time, minimum distractins and task set at mderate level f 35 , we may be able t lve what we’re ding while we put in the hard wrk practicing the things we lve ding.
21．A．functiningB．stimulatingC．enrichingD．mastering
22．A．fixedB．cncentratedC．paralleledD．instructed
23．A．transfrmatinB．substituteC．cycleD．cnditin
24．A．rleB．pleasureC．an interestD．part
25．A．pisnusB．rewardingC．ignrantD．frustrating
26．A．bjectinB．distinctinC．principleD．standard
27．A．applyB．devteC．adjustD．expse
28．A．deliberatelyB．readilyC．hesitantlyD．flexibly
29．A．featureB．cntrlC．advantageD．sympathy
30．A．securityB．jealusyC．rewardD．cntributin
31．A．UnexpectedlyB．FrtunatelyC．TypicallyD．Obviusly
32．A．cultivatedB．extendedC．influencedD．bridged
33．A．OtherwiseB．TherefreC．FurthermreD．Instead
34．A．advcatedB．suspendedC．discuragedD．bserved
35．A．prirityB．difficultyC．curisityD．identity
第Ⅱ 卷(非选择题 共55分)
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分 满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个这适当的单词或括号内单词的正确式。
Cntrary t 36 sme peple might assume, evidence 37 (shw) that sharks seldm attack humans. There are three types f shark attacks. In the main type, the shark attacks yu because it mistakes yu 38 a fish, 39 when it tastes human flesh, it decides 40 (give) up and swims away. In the secnd type, the shark 41 (push) yu with 42 nse t find ut if yu are fit t be eaten, and then bites yu 43 it thinks yu are. In the third type, the shark waits fr yu t swim by, and then attacks yu all f 44 sudden. The last tw types f attack mre ften result in the 45 (die) f humans.
第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是李华，春节即将来临，你想邀请你的英国好友Alex来中国过春节，他对中国的传统节日很感兴趣。请你根据以下要点给他写一封电子邮件。
1. 向对方发出邀请；
2. 对春节进行简单的介绍：春节的由来，庆祝方式等；
3. 期待他早日来中国共度佳节，感受节日气氛。
注意：词数120左右;
可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Last August, Je and Mary Mahney began lking at clleges fr their 17-year-ld daughter, Maureen. With a checklist f criteria in hand, the Dallas family lked arund the cuntry visiting half a dzen schls. They sught a university that ffered the teenager’s intended majr, ne lcated near a large city, and a campus where their daughter wuld be safe.
“The safety issue is a big ne,” says Je Mahney, wh quickly discvered he wasn’t alne in his wrries. On campus turs ther parents viced similar cncerns, and the same questin was always asked: what abut crime? But when cllege fficials always gave the same answer- “That’s nt a prblem here,” --Mahney began t feel uneasy.
“N crime whatsever?” cmments Mahney tday. “I just dn’t buy it. ” Nr shuld he: in 1999 the U.S. Department f educatin had reprts f nearly 400,000 serius crimes n r arund ur campuses. “Parents need t understand that times have changed since they went t cllege,” says David Nichls, authr f Creating a Safe Campus. “Campus crime mirrrs the rest f the natin."
But getting accurate infrmatin isn’t easy. Clleges must reprt crime statistics by law, but sme hld back fr fear f bad publicity, leaving the hnest nes lking dangerus. “The truth may nt always be serius,” warms S. Daniel Carter f Security n Campus, Inc., the natin’s leading campus safety watchdg grup.
T help cncerned parents,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
1．D 2．B 3．D
【分析】本文是应用文。文章是社会服务组织Mbile Laves & Fishes招聘更多志愿者的广告。
1．细节理解题。根据Truck Ministry部分的“Mbile Laves & Fishes' fd truck vlunteers hit the streets 7 nights a week, 365 days a year t serve the hmeless, delivering fd, clthing, hygiene prducts and ther life items.( Mbile Laves & Fishes的餐车志愿者每周7晚、一年365天走上街头，为无家可归者提供服务，运送食物、衣服、卫生用品和其他生活用品)”可知，Truck Ministry不仅仅为无家可归者提供三明治。故选D项。
2．细节理解题。根据Cmmunity Wrks部分的“It prvides jb pprtunities fr the residents wh are cming ut f hmelessness t earn an incme.(它为无家可归的居民提供了获得收入的工作机会)”可知，Cmmunity Wrks的居民被提供给工作赚钱。故选B项。
3．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Thank yu fr yur interest in Mbile Laves & Fishes! We have a variety f vlunteer pprtunities. Please read the service requirements carefully befre yur applicatin t fulfill service hurs with MLF.( 谢谢你对Mbile Laves & Fishes的兴趣！我们有各种各样的做志愿者的机会。请在申请前仔细阅读服务要求，以完成服务时间。)”可推断，本段的目的是招聘更多的志愿者。故选D项。
4．A 5．B 6．A 7．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了非物质文化遗产——高楼米线，以及年轻人陈国锐为传承和发扬这一艺术所做的努力。
4．细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Galu Mixian uses rice paste (米糊) t glue tgether selected grains f transparent rice t create realistic figures r structures.(高楼米线用米糊把精选的透明米粒粘在一起，创造出逼真的人物或结构)”可知，高楼米线是用米糊粘大米制作的手工艺品，主要是由大米制成。故选A项。
5．词句猜测题。根据第三段最后一句“Due t varius histrical reasns, mst peple in Galu village did nt pass dwn the art frm, which caused it t disappear nearly 70 years ag.(由于各种历史原因，高楼村的大多数人都没有把这门艺术传承下去，导致它在近70年前消失了)”可知，高楼米线由于无人传承，最终消失了。结合划线词所在句“Chen fund ut abut this after hearing ne frmer resident express disappintment abut its lss.(陈是在听到一名前居民对失去它感到失望后才知道的)”和指代关系可推知，指示代词this指代的是上文中高楼米线这种艺术形式的消失。故选B项。
6．细节理解题。根据文章最后一句话“T avid being the last inheritr (传承者), Chen has been giving classes t sme students at a primary schl in Fuzhu with the supprt f lcal educatin authrities.(为了避免成为最后一名继承人，在当地教育部门的支持下，陈一直在福州一所小学给一些学生上课)”可知，为了培养更多的继承者，陈在给小学生上课。故选A项。
7．主旨大意题。通读全文，并结合文章第一段“Nbdy ever imagined that after being lst fr mre than half a century, the intangible cultural heritage knwn as Galu Mixian wuld be restred and passed dwn by a yung man.(谁也没有想到，失去半个多世纪的非物质文化遗产——高楼米线，会被一个年轻人修复并传承下去)”可知，文章介绍了非物质文化遗产——高楼米线，以及年轻人陈国锐为传承和发扬这一艺术所做的努力。所以“A Lng-lst Chinese Art Frm and its Restratin.(失传已久的中国艺术形式及其复新)”是最佳标题。故选D项。
8．B 9．D 10．D 11．A
【解析】8．根据In the mdern wrld mre and mre peple meet the prblem f identity．及下文描述可知选B。
9．根据because he lst h is passprt during his travels．他在旅途中丢了护照，可知选D，他无法证明他是谁。
10．根据定语从句which refers t an American wh has an Asian face but hlds Western values．，选D，美国出生的亚洲人。
11．根据As the Internet becmes mre and mre ppular, the prblem f identity becmes mre serius．和With the develpment f clning technlgy, it might be: wh is the real “I”?
可知在未来有关身份的问题会更多，故选A。
12．D 13．C 14．D 15．B
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了Lisa Pina运用曾经学习过的消防安全培训内容，在火灾发生时，成功救出被困的孩子们并进行自救的故事。
12．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Pina first clsed the dr, and then tld all fur children t lie n the flr. After calling 911, she tld the children t start singing and prmised them whatever they wanted t have as sn as they reached safety.”（Pina先把门关上，然后叫四个孩子躺在地板上。在拨打911后，她告诉孩子们开始唱歌，并承诺一旦他们到达安全的地方，他们想要什么就给他们什么。）可知，Pina行为的顺序是“关门——让孩子们躺在地板上——拨打911——让孩子们开始唱歌”。故选D项。
13．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“When her 4-year-ld granddaughter Garcia began saying, “we’re ging t die”, she knew she had t act.”（当她4岁的孙女加西亚开始说：“我们要死了”时，她知道自己必须行动起来。）及“After calling 911, she tld the children t start singing and prmised them whatever they wanted t have as sn as they reached safety.”（在拨打911后，她告诉孩子们开始唱歌，并承诺一旦他们到达安全的地方，他们想要什么就给他们什么。）及倒数第二段“I just needed t keep the kids calm s they wuldn’t be frightened”（我只是需要让孩子们保持冷静，这样他们就不会害怕 ）可推知，当Pina听到孙女很害怕时，她行动起来，带着孩子们一起唱歌，找些乐子，是为了帮助在惊恐中的孩子们平静下来。故选C项。
14．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Ten peple were sent t hspital fr suffering smke, but nbdy was seriusly injured r killed.”（10人因浓烟被送往医院，但没有人严重受伤或死亡。）可知，这场火灾没有造成任何人死亡。故选D项。
15．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Pina first clsed the dr, and then tld all fur children t lie n the flr. After calling 911, she tld the children t start singing and prmised them whatever they wanted t have as sn as they reached safety.”（Pina先把门关上，然后叫四个孩子躺在地板上。在拨打911后，她告诉孩子们开始唱歌，并承诺一旦他们到达安全的地方，他们想要什么就给他们什么。）及倒数第二段“I was actually afraid inside, but I culdn’t let them knw that.”（我内心其实很害怕，但我不能让他们知道。）并结合全文描述Pina带领孩子们脱困的过程可知，Pina遇到火灾，虽然内心害怕，但是仍然镇定安慰受惊的孩子，同时进行自救，最后大家都成功获救，因此，Pina是勇敢的。故选B项。
16．E 17．G 18．B 19．C 20．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍人工智能可能让人类面临巨大危机。
16．根据上文“In 2022, ver 700 tp academics and researchers behind the leading artificial intelligence cmpanies were asked in a survey abut future AI risk. Half f thse surveyed stated that there was a 10 percent r greater chance f human extinctin frm future AI systems.(2022年，一项关于未来人工智能风险的调查询问了700多名顶尖学者和领先人工智能公司背后的研究人员。一半的受访者表示，未来的人工智能系统有10%或更大的可能性导致人类灭绝)”结合第一段提到让人们登上有10%坠机可能的飞机，以及下文陈述人工智能将让人类面临危机可知，技术（人工智能）让所有人类都登上了这家可能坠毁的“飞机”。E项“Technlgy cmpanies are caught in a race t put all f humanity n that plane.(科技公司陷入了一场让全人类都登上这架飞机的竞赛)”符合语境。故选E。
17．根据下文“It is even harder t grasp the speed at which these tls are develping even mre advanced and pwerful capabilities.(要掌握这些工具开发更先进、更强大功能的速度就更难了)”中的even harder推知，空处陈述了一种人类难以掌握的工具。G项“It’s difficult fr human minds t grasp the capabilities f GPT-4 and similar tls.(人类很难掌握GPT-4和类似工具的功能)”符合题意，difficult呼应下文harder， 下文thesd tls指代选项中的GPT-4 and similar tls。故选G。
18．根据下文“Frm language emerges myth and law, gds and mney, art and science, friendships and natins—even cmputer cde. (从语言中产生了神话和法律、商品和金钱、艺术和科学、友谊和国家，甚至计算机代码)”可知，语言对人类来说尤为重要。再结合“AI’s new mastery f language means it can nw hack and manipulate the perating system f civilizatin.(人工智能对语言的新掌握意味着它现在可以破解和操纵文明的操作系统)”推知，语言之所以重要是因为它是人类的操作系统。B项“Language is the perating system f human culture.(语言是人类文化的操作系统)”符合题意。故选B。
19．根据上文“AI’s new mastery f language means it can nw hack and manipulate the perating system f civilizatin.(人工智能对语言的新掌握意味着它现在可以破解和操纵文明的操作系统)”和下文“What happens when the same thing ccurs in art, plitics, and even religin?(当同样的事情发生在艺术、政治甚至宗教中时会发生什么？)”推知，空处提到了一种人工智能操纵或者打败人类的情况，而当这样的事情发生在艺术、政治甚至宗教中时可能会产生难以预料的后果。C项“In games like chess, n human can hpe t beat a cmputer.(在像国际象棋这样的游戏中，没有人能指望打败电脑)”符合语境，下文的“the same thing”指代选项内容。故选C。
20．空处位于段首，应总起下文。根据下文“We are surrunded by culture, experiencing reality thrugh a cultural prism (棱镜). Our views are shaped by the reprts f jurnalists and the accunts f friends. What will it be like t experience reality thrugh a prism prduced by nn-human intelligence?(我们被文化包围，通过文化棱镜体验现实。记者的报道和朋友的描述塑造了我们的观点。通过非人类智慧产生的棱镜来体验现实会是什么样子？)”可知，我们的观点通常都是根据记者的报道和朋友的描述形成的，由此推知，人类很少直接接触现实。A项“Humans ften dn’t have direct access t reality.(人类通常无法直接接触现实)”符合题意，总起下文，reality是关键词。故选A。
21．D 22．B 23．C 24．B 25．D 26．B 27．C 28．B 29．C 30．C 31．B 32．A 33．D 34．C 35．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。任何想要掌握一项技能的人都必须经历一遍又一遍的练习。一些人能够集中精力练习这样的活动，并且喜欢这种过程，而另一些人则觉得集中精力、耗费时间的工作令人沮丧。这主要是因为“心流状态”——一种完全投入到你正在做的事情中的感觉。文章介绍了心流状态的特点和容易进入心流状态的人的特点，以及有证据表明环境因素可以培养心流状态。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但掌握一项技能，即使是你深爱的技能，也需要大量的练习。A. functining工作，运转；B. stimulating促进，激发；C. enriching使充实，使丰富；D. mastering掌握。根据本句中“calls fr plenty f drills”及下文“Anyne wh wants t have a gd cmmand f a skill must g thrugh the ____3____ f practice”可知，此处指“掌握”一项技能。故选D项。
22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：任何具有挑战性的活动——从计算机编程到演奏乐器再到体育运动——都需要专注的练习。A. fixed固定的；B. cncentrated集中的，全神贯注的；C. paralleled平行的；D. instructed受教育的，得到指示的。结合语境可知，此处指“任何具有挑战性的活动都需要专注的练习”。下一段中的“Sme peple seem able t cncentrate n practicing an activity…”及“Yet thers find this kind f fcused, time-intensive wrk…”均是提示。故选B项。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：任何想要掌握一项技能的人都必须经历一个循环：练习、批评反馈、润色和一次又一次的提高。A. transfrmatin转变；B. substitute替代物；C. cycle循环；D. cnditin条件。根据“practice, critical feedback, plish, and increasing imprvement again, again, and again.”可知，这种练习需要一遍又一遍地循环。故选C项。
24．考查名词词义和短语辨析。句意：有些人似乎能够专注于练习这样的活动多年，并从他们的逐渐进步中获得乐趣。A. rle角色，作用；B. pleasure快乐，乐趣；C. an interest兴趣；D. part部分，角色。根据“Sme peple seem able t cncentrate n practicing an activity like this fr years”可知，这些人能够专注于练习有挑战性的活动多年，可见他们对自己取得进步感到快乐。故选B项。
25．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但也有人认为这种专注、耗时的工作令人沮丧或无聊。A. pisnus有毒的；B. rewarding值得的，有意义的；C. ignrant无知的；D. frustrating令人沮丧的。空处和bring是并列意义，frustrating“令人沮丧的”可以承接time-intensive的语义，可以体现工作因费时而令人沮丧的逻辑，故选D项。
26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种差异可能取决于进入“心流”状态的能力，即完全投入到你正在做的事情中的感觉。A. bjectin反对；B. distinctin区别，差异；C. principle原则；D. standard标准。结合上文可知有些人喜欢这种循环的状态，而一些人觉得沮丧，这是一种差异。故选B项。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“心流”状态可以发生在任何活动的过程中，当任务有明确的目标，并且个体能够调整自己的表现以获得清晰和即时的反馈时，这种状态最常见。A. apply申请；B. devte献身，致力；C. adjust调整；D. expse暴露。结合后文“their perfrmance t clear and immediate feedback”可推知是调整个人的表现以获得清晰和即时的反馈。故选C项。
28．考查副词词义辨析。句意：Csikszentmihalyi认为，那些最容易进入心流状态的人具有“自成性格”，一种寻找挑战并进入心流状态的倾向。A. deliberately故意地；B. readily容易地，乐意地；C. hesitantly犹豫地；D. flexibly灵活地。结合后文“had an ‘auttelic persnality’ — a tendency t seek ut challenges and get int a state f flw.”可知，拥有“自成性格”的人更容易进入心流状态。故选B项。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些人拥有专注于任务而不是奖励的能力，在发展他们的天生能力方面比其他人有很大的优势。A. feature特点；B. cntrl控制；C. advantage优点，优势；D. sympathy同情心。根据“with their ability t fcus n tasks rather than rewards”可知，具有专注于任务而不是奖励能力的人应是在发展天性方面有优势。故选C项。
30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我们如何在一个活动中进入“心流”状态，既享受提高技能的过程，又享受成为大师的回报呢？A. security安全；B. jealusy嫉妒，羡慕；C. reward奖励，回报；D. cntributin贡献。根据上文“Such peple, with their ability t fcus n tasks rather than rewards…”可知，容易进入“心流”状态的人专注于任务而不是奖励，此处问如何才能进入“心流”状态时拥有两者，即享受技能的提高，也能有成为大师的奖励，故选C项。
31．考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，对于我们这些不一定拥有自成性格的人来说，有证据表明心流状态可以由环境因素培养。A. Unexpectedly出乎意料地；B. Frtunately幸运地；C. Typically典型地，通常；D. Obviusly显而易见地。结合后文“there is evidence that flw states can be ____12____ by envirnmental factrs.”可知，虽然我们不一定拥有自成性格，但是幸运地是（Frtunately），有证据表明心流状态可以由环境因素培养。故选B项。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，对于我们这些不一定拥有自成性格的人来说，有证据表明心流状态可以由环境因素培养。A. cultivated培养，栽培；B. extended延申，扩大；C. influenced影响；D. bridged消除（隔阂）。结合空后的“by envirnmental factrs”及下文Mntessri学校通过鼓励学生发展个人兴趣而不鼓励竞争和排名，从而让学生更容易进入心流状态的例子可知，心流状态可以由环境因素培养。故选A项。
33．考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，他们被鼓励发展和追求个人兴趣。A. Otherwise否则，不然；B. Therefre因此；C. Furthermre而且；D. Instead相反。结合上一句“students d nt study by fllwing direct instructin.”可知，学生不按照直接的指示学习，相反，他们被鼓励发展和追求个人兴趣。故选D项。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：不鼓励竞争，不强调评分。A. advcated提倡；B. suspended停止；C. discuraged使泄气，使打消念头；D. bserved观察。结合上文“students d nt study by fllwing direct instructin.”及空后“and grading is nt emphasized”可知，学生被鼓励发展和追求个人兴趣，不鼓励竞争，也不强调评分。故选C项。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过给自己无组织和开放的时间、最小的干扰和设置中等难度的任务，当我们努力练习我们喜欢做的事情时，我们可能会爱上我们正在做的事情。A. pririty优先权；B. difficulty困难；C. curisity好奇心；D. identity身份。根据“unstructured, pen-ended time, minimum distractins”可知，此处是让自己更容易进入心流状态的一些条件，“中等难度的任务”符合语境。故选B项。
36．what 37．shws 38．fr 39．but 40．t give 41．pushes 42．its 43．if/when 44．a 45．death
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了三种常见的鲨鱼攻击人类的情况。
36．考查宾语从句。句意：与一些人的假设相反，证据表明鲨鱼很少攻击人类。分析句子可知，句子为宾语从句，空格处单词引导从句，作“Cntrary t”的宾语，从句中缺少“assume”的宾语，指事物，没有选择范围，故应用“what”引导从句。故填what。
37．考查时态。句意：与一些人的假设相反，证据表明鲨鱼很少攻击人类。分析句子可知，句子陈述的是客观事实，为一般现在时，“shw”意为“表明”，动词词性，句子主语“evidence”为不可数名词，故应用“shw”的三单形式“shws”。故填shws。
38．考查固定短语。句意：在主要的攻击类型中，鲨鱼攻击你是因为它误认为你是鱼，但当它尝到人肉时，它决定放弃并游走。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短语“mistake…fr…”，意为“把……误认为……”，故空格处应用介词“fr”。故填fr。
39．考查连词。句意：在主要的攻击类型中，鲨鱼攻击你是因为它误认为你是鱼，但当它尝到人肉时，它决定放弃并游走。分析句子可知，句中“鲨鱼攻击你”和“它决定放弃并游走”之间为转折关系，故应用连词“but”连接，意为“但是”，表转折。故填but。
40．考查固定短语。句意：在主要的攻击类型中，鲨鱼攻击你是因为它误认为你是鱼，但当它尝到人肉时，它决定放弃并游走。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短语“decide t d sth.”，意为“决定做某事”，“give up”意为“放弃”，故空格处应填“t give”。故填t give。
41．考查时态。句意：在第二种情况下，鲨鱼会用鼻子推你，看看你是否适合被吃掉，如果它认为你适合，就会咬你（当它认为你适合时，就会咬你）。分析句子可知，句子陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，“push”意为“推”，动词词性，句子主语为“shark”，为可数名词单数，故空格处应用“push”的三单形式“pushes”。故填pushes。
42．考查代词。句意：在第二种情况下，鲨鱼会用鼻子推你，看看你是否适合被吃掉，如果它认为你适合，就会咬你（当它认为你适合时，就会咬你）。分析句子可知，“nse”为名词，前面应用形容词性物主代词修饰，句子主语为“shark”，指鲨鱼会用它的鼻子推你，故空格处应用“its”，意为“它的”，为形容词性物主代词。故填its。
43．考查从属连词。句意：在第二种情况下，鲨鱼会用鼻子推你，看看你是否适合被吃掉，如果它认为你适合，就会咬你（当它认为你适合时，就会咬你）。分析句子可知，当句子为时间状语从句时，空格处应用“when”引导从句，意为“当……时”，指当它认为你适合时，就会咬你；当句子为条件状语从句时，空格处应用“if”引导从句，意为“如果”，指如果它认为你适合，就会咬你。故填if/when。
44．考查固定短语。句意：在第三种情况下，鲨鱼会等着你游过去，然后突然攻击你。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短语“all f a sudden”，意为“突然地”，故空格处应填“a”。故填a。
45．考查名词。句意：最后两种类型的攻击通常会导致人类死亡。分析句子可知，定冠词“the”后接名词，作“result in”的宾语，“die”为动词，对应的名词为“death”，意为“死亡”，为不可数名词。故填death。
46．Dear Alex,
Hw is everything ging? I’m glad t have received yur letter in which yu asked me abut the Spring Festival in China and I’m writing t tell yu sme details.
The Spring Festival falls n the first day f the first lunar mnth, which is the mst imprtant festival celebrated in China. Peple engage in many traditinal custms such as putting up decratins, eating a reunin dinner with family, setting ff firewrks, and receiving red envelpes as well as ther gifts. Additinally, varius traditinal fd is served, including jiazi. On New Year’s Eve, families usually get tgether and watch the Spring Festival Gala hsted by CCTV. It’s a custm fr us Chinese t visit ur relatives during the festival when Children are extremely happy because they can receive lucky mney frm the elderly.
On behalf f my family, I sincerely invite yu t China t experience a wnderful Spring Festival. Lking frward t yur earliest reply.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是李华，春节即将来临，你想邀请你的英国好友Alex来中国过春节，他对中国的传统节日很感兴趣。请你根据以下要点给他写一封电子邮件。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：glad →pleased
此外：additinally →besides
各种各样的：varius →varieties f
走访：visit →pay a visit t
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：On New Year’s Eve, families usually get tgether and watch the Spring Festival Gala hsted by CCTV.
拓展句：On New Year’s Eve, families usually get tgether and watch the Spring Festival Gala hsted by CCTV, which is the mst ppular prgram in China.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m glad t have received yur letter in which yu asked me abut the Spring Festival in China and I’m writing t tell yu sme details.（运用了“介词+which”引导的定语从句）
【高分句型2】It’s a custm fr us Chinese t visit ur relatives during the festival when Children are extremely happy because they can receive lucky mney frm the elderly.（运用了it作形式主语，不定式短语作真正主语、when引导的定语从句以及because引导的原因状语从句）
47．T help cncerned parents, Carter prmised t visit campuses and talk t experts arund the cuntry t find ut majr crime issues and effective slutins. It’s imprtant t have a clear set f criteria in mind. As Je Mahney nted, parents shuld als make sure t vice their cncerns abut campus safety and ask fr specific infrmatin frm cllege fficials. It’s als wrth acknwledging that campus crime mirrrs the rest f the natin. Unfrtunately, crime is a reality in many parts f ur sciety, and cllege campuses are n exceptin. Finally, it’s imprtant t recgnize that sme clleges may hld back crime statistics fr fear f bad publicity. This is a cncerning trend that undermines the safety f bth current and prspective students. As such, parents and students shuld supprt rganizatins like Security n Campus, Inc. that advcate fr transparency and imprved safety measures.
【导语】本文以安全为线索展开，文章以Mahney一家为女儿寻找学校为例介绍了美国的校园安全问题。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由首句内容“为了帮助忧心忡忡的家长，”可知，后文可描写解决校园安全有效的解决方案。
2.续写线索：找出问题——标准——了解——增加透明度——改进安全措施
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.参观：visit /pay a visit t
②.表达：vice /express
③.承认：recgnize / acknwledge
情绪类
①.不幸的是：unfrtunately / unluckily
②.担心：fear / anxiety
【点睛】[高分句型1]. It’s imprtant t have a clear set f criteria in mind.（运用了it作形式主语，真正的主语为不定式）
[高分句型2]. It’s als wrth acknwledging that campus crime mirrrs the rest f the natin.（运用了主语从句）
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