专题23 冠词数词10大类11个要点(清单)-备战2024年高考英语一轮复习高效复习(全国通用)
展开考点清单二、使用定冠词the的十四个场合 P3
考点清单三、零冠词的十大场合 P4
分类训练(一)单句填空(高考真题) P5
分类训练(二)单句改错(高考真题) P6
分类训练(三)语篇填空(冠词专练) P6
数词考点思维导图 P7
考点清单四、基数词的基本用法 P8
考点清单五、序数词的基本用法 P8
考点清单六、数词命题热点归纳 P10
分类训练一:单句填空/改错(高考真题) P12
分类训练二:单句填空(最新模拟) P12
分类训练三:语法填空(外刊原创) P13
涿州志愿者无私行为走红网络 P13
【冠词考点思维导图】
考点清单一、使用不定冠词a(n)的十大场合
要点精讲1:
要点精讲2:常考含不定冠词a(n)的固定搭配
典型场合
典型示例
a用在辅音开头的单词前,an用在以元音开头单词前【不见元音不加an,不看字母看发音】
an hnest by 一个诚实的男孩 an umbrella 一把伞
a university 一所大学 a Eurpean cuntry 一个欧洲国家
an unusual stry 一个不同寻常的故事 an unhappy by 一个不高兴的男孩
第一次提到的某人或某物之前
The panda is an endangered animal.熊猫是一种濒危动物。
泛指人或事物的某一类别
A plane is a machine that can fly. 飞机是一种能飞的机器。
用在表示数量、长度、时间等的名词前,表示“每一”
The car mves 100 miles an hur.这辆小汽车以每小时100英里的速度行驶
Rme was nt built in a day.罗马非一日建成。/冰冻三尺,非一日之寒。
不定冠词a/an用于抽象名词前,表示具体的人或事物
The party was a great success.晚会开得很成功。
It’s a pleasure t wrk with yu.与你一起工作是件乐事。
用于专有名词前,表示“某一个”
I want t be a Bill Gates.我想成为比尔·盖茨式的人物。
用于序数词之前,表示重复
Sn I saw a secnd plane.不久我又看到了另一架飞机。
用于最高级前意为“非常”
This is a mst interesting stry.这是一个极为动人的故事。
用于物质名词的数量化
I’d like a tea and tw cffees.请给我一杯茶和两杯咖啡。
与 have,take,make等连用
Take a lk at these figures! 看一下这些数字吧!
a cpy f newspaper 一份报纸
at a lss 不知所措,困惑
all f a sudden 突然
in a hurry匆忙
as a rule 通常
as a matter f fact事实上
as a result结果
be n a diet 节食
have a gift fr 在某方面有天赋
have catch a cld 感冒
make a living 谋生
in a way从某种意义上说
as a whle 总体上
make a difference 有影响
make a frtune 发财
make a living 谋生
make an aplgy 道歉
make an appintment 预约
make an effrt 努力
take a shwer 洗淋浴
take a seat 坐下
限时训练一:结合语境用适当的冠词填空。
1. —Culd yu tell me the way t _______Jhnsns please?
—Srry, we dn't have ______ Jhnsn here in the village.
2.Of all the subjects, I like histry best because it gives us _______useful knwledge f things in the past.
3.There are _______ number f bks in the library and _______ number f them is increasing.
4.What ________ pity that yu culdn't be there t receive ________ prize!
5. The Wilsns live in ______ A-shaped huse near the cast. It is ______ 17th century cttage.
6.—Hw abut _______ Christmas evening party?
—I shuld say it was _______ success.
7.______ apple fell frm the tree and hit him n ______ head.
8.First impressins are the mst lasting. After all,yu never get ______secnd chance t make _______first impressin.
9.The heavy rain lasted 3 hurs n end and came t ______ end when the class was ver.
10. Being able t affrd ________ drink wuld be ________ cmfrt in thse tugh times.
【答案】
1.the, a 2.a 3.a, the 4.a, the 5.an, a 6.the, a 7.An, the 8.a, a 9.an 10.a, a
考点清单二、使用定冠词the的十四个场合
要点精讲1:
要点精讲2:常考含定冠词the的固定搭配
典型场合
典型示例
表示双方都知道的人或物
Wuld yu mind turning dwn the radi a little?请把收音机音量调小点好吗?
表示特指的或上文已提到过的人或事物。
D yu knw the girl in red? 你认识那个穿红衣服的女孩么?
The bk n the table is mine. 桌子上的那本书是我的。
表示世界上独一无二的事物,如日月星辰地球等
As is knwn t us, the earth mves arund the sun.众所周知,地球围绕太阳转。
The sun can damage yur skin. 阳光能损伤皮肤。
用在序数词前
He is the first persn wh knws the secret. 他是第一个知道这个秘密的人。
用在形容词最高级前
Shanghai is ne f the biggest cities in China. 上海市中国最大的城市之一。
用于乐器的名称之前
She can play the pian quite beautifully. 她可以弹一手好钢琴。
用在姓氏的复数名词前表示一家人或夫妻俩
The Smiths lived in the apartment abve urs. 史密斯夫妇住在我们楼上的公寓里。
The Greens will mve t the cuntry. 格林一家要搬到乡下去。
与形容词连用表示一类人
The injured were taken t the nearest hspital.受伤的人被送到了最近的医院。
用在世纪、年代、时期或朝代的名词前
The war brke ut in the 1980s.战争爆发于20世纪80年代。
He mved t the suth in his fifties.他五十几岁时搬到了南方。
用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前
the United States f America美国 the Peple’s Republic f China 中国
the Cmmunist Party f China中国共产党 the United Natins 联合国
江、河、湖、海、海峡、山脉、运河、岛屿等名词前
the Yellw River 黄河 the Pacific Ocean太平洋
the Alps阿尔卑斯山 the Grand Canal大运河
用于接触身体部位结构
She patted him n the shulder. 她碰了他的肩。
用于发明物的单数名词前
Wh invented the telephne? 电话是谁发明的?
用在表示方位名词之前
Jilin is in the nrth f China. 吉林位于中国的北部。
at the same time 同时
at the mment此刻,目前
n the cntrary 相反
nt in the least一点也不
n the whle 总的来说
t tell the truth 说实话
in the distance在远处
n the ther hand另一方面
in the middle f 在……中间
by the way顺便说一下
make the best f 充分利用
g t the cinema 去看电影
take the place f替代
at the bttm f 在……的底部
at the ft f 在……的脚下
at the tp f 在……的顶部
in the centre f 在……中心
in the middle f 在……中间
限时训练:结合语境用适当的冠词填空。
1. I dn’t knw wh invented ________ rbt, but it’s really________ mst wnderful inventin.
2. It’s a shame that many turists are still in ________ habit f writing silly things in public places.
3. This style f farming lasted fr quite a lng time. Then, with ________ rise f science, changes began.
4.As is knwn t all, ______Peple’s Republic f China is biggest develping cuntry in the wrld.
5._______mre learned a man is, _______mre mdest he usually becmes.
6.He is in _______pssessin f that beautiful garden and the shp is in _______ pssessin f his brther.
7. This area experienced heaviest rainfall in mnth f May.
8. Marc Pl is said t have sailed n _______Pacific Ocean n his way t Java in _____ thirteenth century.
9. There is an unhappy by sitting n ________seat ver there, wh lks very sad.
10. I lked under _______bed and fund _______bk I lst last week.
【答案】
1.the, a 2.the 3. the 4.the, the 5.The, the 6./, the 7.the, the 8.the, the 9.the 10.the, the
考点清单三、零冠词的十大场合
要点精讲1:
要点精讲2:下列短语有无冠词不一样
零冠词典型场合
典型示例
物质名词、抽象名词前
Bread is made frm flur.面包是用面粉做的。
表示职务、头衔的名词前
He was selected Chairman f the cmmittee.他被选为委员会主席。
一日三餐名词前
We are ging t mvies after supper.晚饭后我们要去看电影。
运动、棋类、游戏等名词前
He likes t play chess.他喜欢下棋。
星期、月份、季节等名词前
Spring is the best seasn f the year.春天是一年中最好的季节。
西方节日名称前
April Fl’s Day 愚人节 Christmas Day 圣诞节
Easter 复活节 Father’s Day 父亲节
Thanksgiving Day 感恩节 Valentine’s Day 情人节
名词被限定词this,my,sme,n等修饰时
His heart was beating wildly with fear.他的心因害怕而狂跳不已。
G dwn this street.顺着这条道路往前走。
含有介词短语的独立主格
He entered the frest, gun in hand.他手拿枪进了森林。
复数名词表示类属时
Dgs are human beings’ friends. 狗是人类的朋友。
by表示交通工具的名词前
Every day he ges t schl by bike. 他每天骑自行车上学。
in frnt f在……前面(在范围之外)
in the frnt f在……前部(在范围之内)
in cntrl f控制
in the cntrl f 被……控制
in charge f 管理
in the charge f 受……管理
ut f questin毫无疑问
ut f the questin不可能
by day 在白天
by the day按天计算
in pssessin f sth.拥有某物
in the pssessin f sb.为某人所拥有
要点精讲3:下列短语不含任何冠词
at ease 无拘无束
at first 最初
at hand 在手边
at length 终于,详细地
at mst 至多
at peace 和平时期
at randm 随意地
at risk 在危险中
at war 在交战
by accident 无意中
by chance 偶然,无意地
by design 出于谋划
by frce 用武力
by hand 用手工
by mistake 错误地
by name 名叫,凭名字
by nature 天生地
in advance 预先,事先
in danger 在危险中
in despair 在绝望中
in detail 极详细地
in rder 整齐地
in persn 本人,亲自
in place 在适当的地方
in return 作为回报
in surprise 惊讶地
in turn 轮流;反过来
in vain 徒劳地
n average 平均
n bard 在船上/飞机上
n demand 一经要求
n display/shw 被展示
n earth 在世界上;究竟
n ft 步行
n guard 在值勤
n purpse 故意地
限时训练:单句改错。
1. (山东2006)Fr him the stage is just means f making a living.
2. (全国II 2004)If yu buy mre than ten, they knck 20 pence ff price.
3. (湖南2004)Fr a lng time they walked withut saying a wrd. Jim was the first t break silence.
4. (江苏2004) Tm wns the larger cllectin f bks than any ther student in ur class.
5. (辽宁2004)When yu finish reading the bk, yu will have the better understanding f life.
6. (上海2004春) As a rule, dmestic servants ding dd jbs are paid by an hur.
7. (辽宁2012)I wke up with bad headache, yet by the evening the pain had gne.
8. (全国2011I)It is generally accepted that a by must learn t stand up and fight like man.
9. (浙江2011)Experts think that the recently discvered painting may be Picass.
10. (重庆2010) Everything cmes with a price; there is n such a thing as free lunch in the wrld.
【答案】
1. means前加a 2. price前加the 3. silence前加the 4. the改为a 5. a better 6. an 改为the 7.bad前加a 8. man前加a 9. Picass前加a 10. 去掉such后a
分类训练(一)单句填空(高考真题)
1.(2023新高考I卷)The meat shuld be fresh with 43 tuch f sweetness and the sup ht, clear and delicius.
2.(2023新高考II卷)Nt the pandas, even thugh 39 language used fr the medical training instructins is actually English.
3.(2023浙江1月卷)In cntrast t the curt life and upper-class culture represented by the Frbidden City, the Summer Palace, and the Temple f Heaven, the hutngs reflect culture f grassrts Beijingers.
4.(2022新高考I卷)Cvering an area abut three times ___________ size f Yellwstne Natinal Park, the GPNP will be ne f the first natinal parks in the cuntry.
5.(2022新高考II卷)___________ Brwn family live in an apartment building utside Trnt. On the day f the accident, Mrs. Brwn was at wrk and Eric was at hme with his father.
6.(2022全国甲卷)___________ friend f his, Wu Fan, vlunteered t be his cmpanin during the trip.
7.(2022全国乙卷)T celebrate ___________ festival, a number f events tk place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing n Thursday.
8.(2021年新高考I卷)While yu’re in China, Munt Huangshan is ___________ must t visit!
9.(2021年全国甲卷)It tk us abut 3 hurs t g all ___________ way arund the Xi'an City Wall.
10.(2021年全国乙卷)Due t ___________grwing ppularity f envirnmentally-related and adventure travel, varius types f trips are nw being classified as ecturism.
【答案与解析】
1.答案:a
解析:考查冠词。句意:肉应该是新鲜的,有一点甜味,汤应该是热的,清澈的,美味的。a tuch f “一点点;稍许”,常用搭配,tuch“轻微;稍许”常用作单数。故填a。
2.答案:the
解析:考查冠词。句意:不是熊猫,尽管医学训练指导使用的语言实际上是英语。分析句子结构可知,此处特指用于医学训练指导使用的语言,表特指,应用定冠词修饰。故填the。
3.答案:the
解析:考查冠词。句意:与紫禁城颐和园和天坛所代表的宫廷生活和上流社会文化相比,胡同所反映出的是草根北京人的文化。根据名词culture后面的介词短语f grassrts Beijingers可知,此处culture表示特指概念,应用定冠词the修饰。故填the。
4.答案:the。
解析:考查冠词。句意:该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍,将成为中国首批国家公园之一。本句的结构为:倍数+ the size f +比较成份。故填the。
5.答案:The解析:考查冠词。句意:布朗一家住在多伦多郊外的一栋公寓楼里。根据句子结构,设空处要填写冠词与Brwn family 构成名词短语作主语。the+姓氏,意为“某某一家人”,the符合句意。同时该单词置于句首,首字母应该大写。故填The。
6.答案:A
解析:考查冠词。句意:他的一位朋友吴凡在旅行中自愿成为他的同伴。根据句意可知,此处泛指“他的一个朋友”,应用不定冠词,friend以辅音音素开头,应用a,空处位于句首,首字母大写。故填A。
7.答案:the
解析:考查冠词。句意:为了庆祝这一节日,周四在北京的中国商人博物馆举行了一系列活动。特指Internatinal Tea Day这一节日,所以用定冠词the。故填the。
8.答案:a
解析:考查冠词。句意:当你在中国的时候,黄山是一个你一定要去的地方。must作名词时,意为“绝对必要的事物”,为可数名词,此处泛指“一个必须去的地方”,应用不定冠词,must是以辅音音素开头的词,应用a。故填a。
9.答案:the
解析:解析:考查冠词。句意:我们绕着西安城墙走了大约3个小时。结合句意表示“一直;完全地”可知短语为all the way,故用定冠词the限定名词way。故填the。
10.答案:the
解析:解析:考查冠词。句意:由于与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎,各种各样的旅行现在被归类为生态旅游。分析句子结构可知,空格处应填冠词。再结合空格后“grwing ppularity f envirnmental-related and adventure travel”可知,此处特指与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎,所以应填定冠词the。故填the。
分类训练(二)短文改错(高考真题)
1.(2023全国甲卷)In the evening, when I take the walk in the schl garden, the singing f insects becmes mre meaningful t me.
2.(2023全国乙卷)Mm was sure same clr wuld lk great n her.
3.(2020全国I卷)I waited patiently until the il was ht. Then I put the tmates and the beaten eggs int pan tgether.
4.(2020全国I卷)Fr example, every mrning, my dad has t have the bwl f egg sup while I have t eat an apple.
5.(2019全国I卷)Suddenly ftball fell just in frnt f me and almst hit me.
6.(2018全国I卷)During my last winter hliday, I went t cuntryside with my father t visit my grandparents.
7.(2017全国I卷)In the summer hliday fllwing my eighteen birthday, I tk driving lessns. I still remember hw hard first day was.
8.(2017全国II卷)They live far frm the schl, and it takes them abut a hur and a half t g t wrk every day.
9.(2017全国III卷)Arund me in picture are the things that were very imprtant in my life at that time: car magazines and musical instruments.
10.(2017全国I卷)At the first, I thught I knew everything and culd make decisins by myself.
【答案】
1.the改为a 2.same前加the 3.pan前the 4.the改成a 5.ftball前加a 6.cuntryside前加the 7.first前加the/my 8.hur前a改为an 9.picture前加this/the
分类训练(三)语法填空(冠词专练)
As 1 Natinal Park Service marks its 100th anniversary, majr parks acrss the cuntry are facing 2 grwing prblem. Frm getting t clse t wildlife t camping in ff-limit areas, mre and mre visitrs are breaking park rules. In July alne, park rangers(管理员) handled mre than 11,000 incidents at 3 10 mst visited natinal parks.
Recrd numbers f visitrs at Yellwstne Natinal Park, in Wyming, have caused prblems. Visitrs wandered frm 4 (mark) paths. They break park rules in rder t take selfies with wildlife, getting t clse t elk, grizzly bears, and bisn. As drivers slw dwn t snap pictures f 5 animals, traffic backs up.
6 breaking f park rules cmes frm disbelief amng visitrs that they will get hurt, said Yellwstne Superintendent Dan Wenk. Mre than 52,000 warnings were issued at Yellwstne in 2015, up almst 20 percent frm 7 year befre. That wrries the Natinal Park Service.
As 8 number f visitrs increase, the grup is wrking t prtect natinal land fr future generatins. 9 tp 10 parks, including Ysemite in Califrnia and the Grand Canyn in Arizna, hsted almst 44 millin peple last year. That's a 26 percent increase frm 10 decade earlier.
【答案】
1. the2. a3. the4. marked5. the6. The7. the8. the9. the 10. a
【数词考点思维导图】
考点清单四、基数词的基本用法
要点精讲1:基数词的构成
①1~12独立成词。
ne,tw,three,fur,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten,eleven,twelve。
②13~19的基数词以teen结尾。要注意thirteen,fifteen,eighteen的拼写。
③表示整“十”的基数词:20~90的基数词都以ty结尾。其中特别要注意twenty,thirty,frty,fifty,ninety的正确写法。
④21~99的写法是:十位数加个位数,中间用连字符号“”连接。如:26 twenty-six;57 fifty-seven
⑤101~999的构成是:百位数与十位数之间用and连接。如:123 ne hundred and twenty-three
⑥hundred,thusand,millin,billin等词在表示确定数目的时候,直接前面加基数词;表示不确定数目时,要在它们后面加s,其后还要加f。如:
three hundred students三百名学生
thusands f students成千上万的学生
要点精讲2:基数词的用法
①表示数量的多少。
②表示年份。1988读作nineteen eighty-eight
③表示时刻。7:00读作seven 'clck
8:30读作half past eight/eight thirty
3:05读作five past three/three five
5:48读作twelve t six/five frt图片yeight
④表示顺序。单数名词+基数词,名词的第一个字母通常要大写。如:
Class Tw,Rm12,N.3 Middle Schl
注:“单数名词+基数词”可转换成“the+序数词+单数名词”,此时名词的第一个字母不大写。如:Lessn Three=the third lessn
⑤“数词+单数名词”相当于合成形容词作定语(如:a threeyearld girl)。合成形容词中的名词一定是单数。合成形容词不能作表语,后面必须跟上所修饰的名词。
⑥与表示时间、距离、长度的名词一起构成“数词+单位名词+形容词”,表示事物的形状、年代及距离等。如:ten years ld,3600 meters lng
⑦“几十”的基数词复数形式可用来表示某人约几十岁或年代。如:
In his sixties,he rde图片 a bike rund the wrld.
The light was invented in the 1870s.
⑧与anther,mre连用时,表示在已有基础上再增加—定数量。如:
anther three hurs,tw mre cakes
【注意】如果两个名词并列,并且分别有 's,则表示“分别有”,例如:Jhn's and Mary's rms(约翰和玛丽各有一间,共两间);Tm's and Mary's bikes(两人各自的自行车)。
两个名词并列,只有一个's,则表示“共有”,例如:Jhn and Mary's rm(约翰和玛丽共有一间);Tm and Mary's mther(即Tm与Mary是兄妹)。
考点清单五、序数词的基本用法
要点精讲1:序数词的构成
①序数词多数是由“基数词+th”构成。如:six-→sixth,seven-→seventh等。
②以y结尾的整十的数字,先将y改为i,再加eth。如:fifty-→fiftieth,seventy→seventieth等。
③21以上的非整十的数字,将末位数(即个位数)改为序数词,其他的位数仍用基数词。如:
twenty-ne →twentyfirst,
thirtytw →thirty-secnd,
tw hundred and ninetyeight →tw hundred and ninetyeighth等。
④少数的序数词属于特殊情况,而且这类词也常常是考点,大家要特别注意记忆。如:
ne→first,tw→secnd,three→third,five→fifth,eight→eighth,twelve→twelfth
注:furteenth(第十四),frtieth(第四十),ninth(第九),nineteenth(第十九),ninetieth(第九十)
要点精讲2:序数词的用法
①表示顺序。序数词表顺序时,其前须用定冠词the,后接单数名词。如:
I'm the first ne t arrive here.
注:如序数词前出现人称代词,则不加the。定语从句中先行词之前有序数词时,则关系代词只能用that。
如:Tday is my thirtieth birthday.
②用于最高级前。
如:Jhn is the secnd tallest by in ur class.
③分数。分子用基数词,分母用序数词。分子为l,分母用单数,分子大于l,分母用复数。
如:ne fifth,three fifths
—些习惯用法:1/4也可表示为a quarter,3/4也可表示为three quarters,1/2也可表示为a half
④带分数的词组作句子的主语时,谓语动词的单复数与分数后的名词保持一致。如:
Tw fifths f the apple is eaten.这个苹果被吃了五分之二。
Tw fifths f the apples are red.五分之二的苹果是红的。
⑤表示数量上再增加“一”,用:a(an)+序数词+单数名词。如:She had a secnd child.她有了第二个孩子。
要点精讲3:基数词变序数词要遵循以下原则:
1. 一般来说,序数词是由相应的基数词词尾加th构成。
2. 十位整数序数词的构成方法是将y变为i,再加e t h。
3. 两位或两位以上的基数词变成序数词时,仅将个位数变成序数词。
此外,常考的基数词、序数词一般会在100以内,具体见下表。
ne—first tw—secnd three—third fur—furth five—fifth six—sixth seven—seventh eight—eighth nine—ninth ten—tenth eleven—eleventh twelve—twelfth thirteen—thirteenth furteen—furteenth fifteen—fifteenth sixteen—sixteenth seventeen—seventeenth eighteen—eighteenth nineteen—nineteenth twenty—twentieth thirty—thirtieth frty—frtieth fifty—fiftieth sixty—sixtieth seventy—seventieth eighty—eightieth ninety—ninetieth
基数词变序数词口诀
基变序,有规律,末尾加上th;
一二三,特殊记,
八加h,九去e,ve要用f替,
以y结尾变ie,后跟th莫忘记;
若想表图片示几十几,只变个位就可以。
考点清单六、数词命题热点归纳
要点精讲1:基数词和序数词的用法
1.序数词前必须加the。如:
The secnd is what I really need.第二个是我真正需要的。
2.序数词前若有限定词,则可以不用加the。如:
It is my third time t visit Beijing. 这是我第三次参观北京。
3.序数词前面也可以加不定冠词a或an,表示“又一,再”,内含顺序性。如:
We have tried it three times. Must we try it a furth time?
我们已经试过三遍了。还必须再试一次(第四次)吗?
要点精讲2:年龄、长、宽、高、面积等的表示方法
基数词加量词(meter(s) /kilmeter(s)/kil(s)/year(s)/...)加形容词(lng/wide/high/deep)。如:
three years ld 三岁大;
tw meters tall 两米高;
ten meters lng 十米长
要点精讲3:hundred, thusand, millin与billin的用法
1. hundred, thusand, millin, billin表示具体数目时用单数,在表示“数百”“数千”“数百万”“数十亿”等不确定的数目时,用“hundreds f/thusands f/millins f/billins f+可数名词复数”表示。与f 连用时,要用复数形式,但前面不能再加数字。如:
thusands f factries 成千上万家工厂
2. 与具体的数字ne, tw...或several, sme, many等词连用时,要用单数形式。如:
five hundred peple 500人
tw thusand bks 两千本书
many millin trees 几百万棵树
要点精讲4:年份、日期与编号的表示法
1. 年份、日期、编号的表达
◆年份、日期表示法
通常英式英语表达为“日、月、年”,而美式英语表达为“月、日、年”。一般年份用基数词,日期用序数词(可简写),月份用月份名称,年份后面不用year(年)。如:
n August 8th, 2023在2023年8月8日
◆编号表示法
名词加基数词等于the加序数词加名词。
如:第一课Lessn One等于the first lessn;第二页Page Tw等于the secnd page
路公车Bus Number 2 或the Number 2 bus。
有时可以直接用数字来表示。如:
Rm Tw O Six, Class Tw, Grade One...(注意:使用时要注意大小写)
2. 年份、日期、时间的读法
◆年份:四位数通常分两组来读。
如:1999读作:nineteen ninety-nine
◆日期:用序数词来表示。
如:Nvember 3rd读作:Nvember the third
◆时间:时间的读法有以下方法:
一般直接按照表示时间的数字来读。另外英语中的15分钟也可以说成a quarter,如:
8:30读作:eight thirty
4:15读作:a quarter past fur
要点精讲5:分数的构成
分数是由基数词作分子,序数词作分母构成的。除了分子是"1"的情况外,序数词都要用复数。
►1/3 ne third 7/9 seven ninths
【注意】一些特殊的分数表达法:
►a half 二分之一 a quarter =ne furth 四分之一
three quarters=three furths 四分之三
要点精讲6:其他重要表达方式:
half an hur半小时
ne and a half hurs 等于ne hur and a half一个半小时
in ne’s thirties在某人30多岁(区别:in the thirties在30年代)
an eight-year-ld by一个八岁的男孩
a 100-meter-lng bridge一座100米长的桥
a ten-minute walk=ten minutes' walk步行10分钟的路程
tw mre hurs=anther tw hurs再多两个小时
分类训练一:单句填空/改错(高考真题)
1.(2023全国甲卷)Fables were part f the ral traditin f many early cultures, and the well-knwn Aesp’s fables date t the 62 (six) century, B. C.
答案:sixth
解析:考查数词。句意:寓言是许多古代文化口述传统的一部分,而著名的伊索寓言可以追溯到公元前6世纪。century“世纪”前面要用序数词形式。故填sixth。
2.(2021新高考II卷)I've always lved the cean. In the 56 (seven) grade, I started vlunteering at the Mnterey Bay Aquarium in Califrnia.
答案:seventh
解析:考查序数词。句意:七年级的时候,我开始在加州的蒙特利湾水族馆做志愿者。 表示“七年级” 用序数词,所以填seventh。
3.(2019全国II卷,改错)Then, when I was in the five grade, I wanted t be a teacher because I liked my English teacher s much.
答案:five改为fifth
解析:考查序数词。年级、班级是按数字顺序排列的,所以“在几年级”中的数词需要用序数词,故将five改为fifth。如果是Grade在前,则可以用基数词。
分类训练二:单句填空(最新模拟)
1. The junk flats arund ________ (hundred) f kilmeters abve the earth. Experts say the main wrry is that such debris will hit a space statin, satellite r ther equipment.
2. This year, Remila spent her ________ (five) Spring Festival abard the carrier.
3. There I met a gentleman by the name f Kurien in his late ________ (eighty).
4.Water shrtage is ne f the greatest crises facing us tday, with tw ________ (three) f the glbal ppulatin living in areas where water is scarce (稀缺的) fr a mnth r mre every year.
5.Tw thirds f the regin ________ (pllute) in the past decade.
6.A wman in her ________ (sixty) tld him her husband had died f cancer a week earlier.
7.The majrity f the inhabitants (居民) left fr the mainland in the early ________ (1990).
8.My parents frequently traveled fr wrk, smetimes as far as Hainan Prvince when I was a child, and they used t return hme every few ________ (mnth).
9. All thse secndhand gds are sld at 30% __________lw a price as befre.
10. This is the __________ (twelve) by I’ve met this week that likes skating.
【答案】
1.hundreds 2.fifth 3.eighties 4.third 5.has been plluted 6.sisties 7.1990s/1990’s 8.mnths 9.as 10.twelfth
分类训练三:语法填空(外刊原创)
涿州志愿者无私行为走红网络
Vlunteer's selfless act in fld-hit Zhuzhu ges viral
Zha, 43, is a dedicated member f the Shenying rescue team, a civil relief unit in Luyang city. On Wednesday mrning, he and his cmpanins arrived 1 fld-stricken Zhuzhu t help with fld relief effrts.
In a vide 2 (pst) n scial media platfrms, Zha skillfully prepared hand-pulled huimian ndles right n the streets. He invited lcal residents and rescuers 3 (pass) by t have a meal.
Zhuzhu is ne f the cities mst 4 (severe) affected by the flds in Hebei prvince, 5 mre than 2.22 millin peple have been impacted. Over 150 civilian rescue teams frm all ver the cuntry have cme t ffer their 6 (assist).
The vide went viral and 7 (tuch) hundreds f millins citizen's hearts after being psted n shrt-vide platfrm Duyin n Wednesday afternn, receiving nearly 10 millin views, ver 770,000 likes and 54,000 cmments till Friday.
8 (rescue) frm varius prvinces, including Shandng and Sichuan, were seen in the vide, frming lines t receive the meal. Cmpliments pured in fr Zha's heartwarming wrk. One cmment read, "We Chinese stand in slidarity in face f adversity." 9 read, "All peple wrking n the relief frnt 10 (be) heres. Wish yu all a safe return."
【答案】
1. in 2. psted 3. passing 4. severely 5. where 6. assistance 7. tuched 8. Rescuers 9. Anther 10.areⅠ
Ⅱ
Ⅲ
ne
eleven
thirty
tw
twelve
frty
three
thirteen
fifty
fur
furteen
sixty
five
fifteen
seventy
six
sixteen
eighty
seven
seventeen
ninety
eight
eighteen
hundred
nine
nineteen
thusand
ten
twenty
millin/billin
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
Ⅲ
first
eleventh
thirtieth
secnd
twelfth
frtieth
third
thirteenth
fiftieth
furth
furteenth
sixtieth
fifth
fifteenth
seventieth
sixth
sixteenth
eightieth
seventh
seventeenth
ninetieth
eighth
eighteenth
hundredth
ninth
nineteenth
thusandth
tenth
twentieth
millinth/billinth
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