Module 12 Save our world模块语法详解与训练

这是一份Module 12 Save our world模块语法详解与训练，共3页。试卷主要包含了 合成法， 派生法， 转化法等内容，欢迎下载使用。
构词法
1. 合成法
将两个或两个以上独立且语义不同的单词合在一起构成新词的方法叫做合成法。合成法是一种比较灵活的构词方法，可以合成名词、形容词、副词、代词、动词等。如：afternn, sprtsman, blackbard, sprtspersn, newspaper, airplane, classmate, grandfather 等就是通过合成构词法构成的名词；kind-hearted, middle-aged, hard-wrking 等为合成形容词；hwever, maybe, himself, everyne, nthing, verlk 等也都是通过合成法构成的单词。
2. 派生法
通过在词根前面加前缀或在词根后面加后缀构成一个新词的方法叫作派生法。要通过派生法理解和记忆单词，我们需要掌握常见的前缀和后缀及派生规律。
(1) 常见前缀
(2) 常见后缀
(3) 派生规律：由一个词根加上相应的词缀可以派生出名词、形容词、副词等，掌握派生规律对扩充词汇有很大帮助。如：
①由interest可以派生出：interest — interesting — interestingly — uninteresting；interest — interested — uninterested
②由help可以派生出：help — helpless — helplessly；help — helpful — helpfully
③由able可以派生出：able — enable；able — unable；able — ability；able — disable
3. 转化法：英语构词法中把一种词性转化为另一种词性而词形不变的方法称作转化法。常见的转化有：
(1) 动词转化为名词
— Let’s talk abut it mre. 咱们再谈谈这件事吧。// — I think we’d better finish the talk nw. 我想我们最好现在结束谈话。
(2) 名词转化为动词
She gave me a cup f water. 她给了我一杯水。// Yu shuld water the flwers twice a day. 你应该每天给这些花浇两次水。
(3) 形容词转化为名词
She was wearing a black dress. 她穿着一条黑色的裙子。
The girl in black lks very beautiful. 那个穿黑衣服的女孩看上去很漂亮。
模块语法即学即练
一、按括号中的要求写出下列单词。
1. lve (形容词) 2. happy (反义词) 3. usual (反义词)
4. care (形容词) 5. beauty (形容词) 6. kind (名词)
7. cmfrt (形容词) 8. act (名词) 9. strange (名词)
10. appear (反义词) 11. healthy (名词) 12. invent (名词)
13. thank (形容词) 14. labrtary (缩写形式) 15. TV (完全形式)
二、单项选择。
( ) 1. Dn’t waste s much water. It’s .
A. healthy B. useful C. wasteful D. rude
( ) 2. I want t father’s bike, althugh it hasn’t been used fr a year.
A. reuse B. rebuild C. rejin D. remain
( ) 3. We find it fr us t learn a freign language well in a shrt time.
A. pssible B. impssible C. pssibly D. impssibly
( ) 4. ---- What d yu think f the bk, Lingling? ---- I think it’s bth useful and .
A. enjys B. enjyment C. enjyed D. enjyable
( ) 5. The winner f the singing cmpetitin was a girl named Zhang Mei frm Guilin.
A. 19-years-ld B. 19-year-ld C. 19-year-lds D. 19-years ld
三、用所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. Shenzhen is in the (suth) part f China.
2. It’s nt easy t becme a (success) actr.
3. I like wrking here because everyne is (friend).
4. Alan is the (win) f the pht cmpetitin this year.
5. Dn’t tell lies. Nbdy likes thse (hnest) peple.
6. It was such a (wnder) mvie that all f us enjyed it.
7. I think (envirnment) educatin fr kids is necessary.
8. If we dn’t lk after ur earth well, the future will be (hpe).
9. My brther, Jim, has becme a (reprt). He is very busy every day.
10. We shuld give up thse (waste) habit in rder t save ur wrld.
11. Mst peple prefer (sun) days because they can enjy themselves utside.
12. Mst students in ur schl ften cllect (reuse) waste fr recycling.
13. D yu knw the (different) between the Internet and the Wrd Wide Web?
14. T imprve yur writing skills, yu’d better (develpment) a habit f reading.
15. Bth f the bks were (help) t her and she culdn’t decide which ne t buy.
四、完成下列同义句。
1. It’s nt plite t speak t thers with yur muth full f fd.
It’s _________ t speak t thers with yur muth full f fd.
2. The teacher asked him t write the cmpsitin again.
The teacher asked him t _________ the cmpsitin.
3. He’s nt ppular with sme f the neighbrs.
He’s _________ with sme f the neighbrs.
4. I hate sweet fd. Especially, I dn’t like eating cake.
I hate sweet fd. Especially, I _________ eating cake.
5. Hamburgers, candy and ice cream aren’t healthy fd.
Hamburgers, candy and ice cream are ____________ fd.
外研版英语九（上）Mdule 12模块语法即学即练答案
一、按括号中的要求写出下列单词。
1. lvely 2. unhappy 3. unusual 4. careful/carefulless 5. beautiful 6. kindness 7. cmfrtable 8. actr/actress 9. stranger 10. disappear 11. health 12. inventr/inventin 13. thankful 14. lab 15. televisin
二、单项选择。1—5 CABDB
三、用所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. suthern 2. successful 3. friendly 4. winner 6. dishnest 5. wnderful 7. envirnmental 8. hpeless 9. reprter 10. wasteful 11. sunny 12 reusable 13. difference 14. develp 15. helpful
四、完成下列同义句。1. implite 2. rewrite 3. unppular 4. dislike 5. unhealthy前缀
含义
例词
dis-
不
disagree, dislike
en-
使……处于某种状态
enable, enrich
im-, in-
不
impssible, impatient, inexpensive
inter-
在……之间, 相互
internatinal, intercnnect
mis-
错误地
mislead, misunderstand
nn-
不，非
nn-smker, nn-native
re-
再，重复
rewrite, retell
un-
不
unable, unhappy, unppular
后缀
功能
例词
-er, -r
构成名词
teacher, wrker, visitr
-ian
musician
-ing
building, painting, shpping, meaning
-ist
artist, scientist
-ment
agreement, gvernment
-ness
cldness, happiness, illness
-th
truth, warmth
-tin
cmpetitin, educatin, infrmatin, invitatin
-ty
activity, safety
-able, -ible
构成形容词
cmfrtable, eatable, enjyable, pssible,
-al
envirnmental, internatinal, natinal, traditinal
-ful
careful, helpful, useful
-ive
active, expensive
-less
careless, helpless, hmeless, useless
-ly
friendly, lvely, mnthly, weekly
-us
dangerus, famus
-teen
构成数词
eighteen, fifteen, seventeen
-th
fifteenth, fifth, frtieth, seventh
-ty
frty, sixty, twenty
-ly
构成副词
badly, carefully, carelessly, happily, quickly