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浙江省杭州市绿城育华学校2023-2024学年七年级上学期12月检测数学试题
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这是一份浙江省杭州市绿城育华学校2023-2024学年七年级上学期12月检测数学试题，共21页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7，15，5分，满分37等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：Hw much is the shirt?
A．£19.15. B．£9.18. C．£9.15． 答案是C。
1．What is “cuscus”?
A．A new htel. B．A kind f fd. C．A clse relative.
2．Hw will the speakers g t the Sprts Cmplex?
A．By bus. B．By taxi. C．By subway.
3．What will the weather be like tday?
A．Windy. B．Sunny. C．Rainy.
4．In which city did the wman and Jhn stay the lngest?
A．Vienna. B．Rme. C．Paris.
5 Why has the man cme a lng way t see the wman?
A．T have an interview. B．T ask abut a lawyer. C．T register an advertisement.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．When will the speakers have their picnic?
A．On Friday. B．On Saturday. C．On Sunday.
7．Wh will g t the market?
A．Jhnny’s mther. B．Lucy’s parents. C．Jhnny and Lucy.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8．Where are the speakers?
A．In a restaurant. B．In a bkstre. C．In a supermarket.
9．What des the man have t d nw?
A．Sign his name. B．Wait fr his turn. C．Call his friend.更多课件教案等优质滋元可 家 威杏 MXSJ663 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10．What’s the relatinship between the speakers?
A．Husband and wife. B．Brther and sister. C．Custmer and shp assistant.
11．What d we knw abut the man?
A．He is very pr. B．He hates shpping. C．He ften cmes t the stre.
12．Which dress des the wman like?
A．The red ne. B．The blue ne. C．The white ne.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13．What des the man think f visiting art galleries?
A．Cstly. B．Wrthwhile. C．Disappinting
14．Where did the wman g recently!
A．T Washingtn. B．T Seul. C．T Paris.
15．Hw ld is the wman nw?
A．22 years ld. B．26 years ld. C．28 years ld.
16．What art gallery des the man want t visit again?
A．Musée d’Orsay. B．Centre Pmpidu. C．The Natinal Gallery f Art.
听第10段材料，回答第17 至20题。
17．What is Perelman?
A．A researcher. B．A dctr. C．A reprter.
18．With whm d babies feel the mst cmfrtable?
A．Strange adults. B．Babysitters. C．Other babies.
19．Hw may babies react t unfamiliar babies?
A．They may start t cry.
B．They may shw much fear.
C．They may tuch each ther.
20．What may the study lead t?
A．Much mre parenting time with babies.
B．An increase in family-based day care centers.
C．A greater demand fr experienced babysitters.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Cmpeting fr a Trip t Sma Bay, Egypt
Sma Bay is a perfect place fr sunny relaxatin. If yu take a trip there, yu can als take part in the cmpetitin we rganize.
The Destinatin
Lapped by the Red Sea n three sides and with views f sandy beaches and desert muntains, Sma Bay can attract nature lvers mst, Spreading acrss almst 2,500 acres, the Egyptian turist attractin has an 18-hle glf curse designed by Gary Player, a glfing enthusiast, as well as the largest Thalass spa in Africa. Kitebarding, diving and hrse riding are all n ffer, t.
Of Sma Bay’s five accmmdatin ptins, a five-star htel enjys a fantastic lcatin n the highest pint f the Sma Bay peninsula. It has a number f guest rms and suites with private balcnies, as well as fur n-site restaurants, Yu can enjy beach-side pizza, take afternn tea, r stp fr a drink by the 18th hle. They are all ffered by the htel.
The Prize
With the fficial permissin f Sma Bay, the winner can enjy a fur-night stay in a classic rm at the five-star htel n a half-price basis. The prize includes return ecnmy class flight tickets with verhead cabin luggage frm the UK t Hurghada Internatinal Airprt up t the value f £650 per persn, with direct rutes available frm cities including Lndn, Manchester and Bristl, plus return airprt transfers t Sma Bay (UK transfers aren’t included).
T Enter
Answer the fllwing questin nline at natgetv,cm/uk/cmpetitins:
ON WHICH SEA IS SOMA BAY LOCATED?
Cmpetitin clses n 31 Octber 2023.
The winner must be a UK adult resident aged 18 r ver.
1. What des the five-star htel ffer?
A. Games n a glf curse.B. Tickets fr kitebarding.
C. Smething t eat and drink.D. Accmmdatin n the beach.
2. What can the winner get?
A. A free stay in the perfect htel.B. A return airprt transfer t the UK.
C. A pssible direct flight ticket frm Bristl.D. A first class flight frm the UK t Hurghada
3. What d we knw abut the cmpetitin?
A. It welcmes children.B. It cvers multiple questins.
C. It targets at Egyptian citizens.D. It ends n the last day f Octber.
【答案】1. C 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍的是争夺去埃及索马湾旅游的机会而参加的比赛活动的相关信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Destinatin部分中的“It has a number f guest rms and suites with private balcnies, as well as fur n-site restaurants, Yu can enjy beach-side pizza, take afternn tea, r stp fr a drink by the 18th hle.(它有一些客房和套房的私人阳台，以及四个现场餐厅，你可以享受海滩边的披萨，下午茶，或在高尔夫球场的第18洞停下来喝点东西。)”可知，该五星级酒店可以享受海滩边上的披萨，喝点下午茶，或者在高尔夫球场第18洞喝点东西，由此可知，该五星酒店提供一些吃的喝的东西。故选C项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Prize部分中的“The prize includes return ecnmy class flight tickets with verhead cabin luggage frm the UK t Hurghada Internatinal Airprt up t the value f £650 per persn, with direct rutes available frm cities including Lndn, Manchester and Bristl, plus return airprt transfers t Sma Bay (UK transfers aren’t included).(该奖项包括从英国到赫尔格达国际机场的经济舱往返机票，每人最高价值650英镑，可从伦敦、曼彻斯特和布里斯托尔等城市直飞，以及从机场到索马湾的往返机票(不包括英国转机)。)”可知，获奖者可以获得从伦敦、曼彻斯特和布里斯托尔等城市直飞的机票。故选C项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据T Enter部分中的“Cmpetitin clses n 31 Octber 2023.(竞赛将于2023年10月31日结束。)”可知，比赛在2023年10月31日结束，由此可知，比赛在10月的最后一天结束。故选D项。
B
Larry and I have always had ur basic values in cmmn, but ur interests are as far apart as pera and basketball. I lve art, and he is a huge sprts fan. His big passin is seeing basketball games. He has been sharing seasn tickets with his friends fr years. I must admit I’ve been always invited t see the games tgether.
This mrning, I called my brther, Larry, and said, “I have a piece f gd news and a piece f bad news. Which d yu want t hear first?” “Gd news first,” Larry answered. “Yu can g t sleep early tnight,” I said. “Okay. What’s the bad ne?” he asked. “We’re ging t the pera!” I answered, laughing ludly.
There was a reasn fr the jke. The last time I invited him t g t the pera, he fell asleep in the theater. I had t admit it was always bring fr him, but when I gave him a ticket fr my favrite pera, I really thught he might enjy it. I wke him up, but sn he fell asleep again. When Larry fund I was jking, he breathed a sigh f relief n the ther end. He said, “But I want yu t g t see the last basketball game this autumn with me.” I prmised and cmplained, “Nt again!” Actually, mst f the time, when the game was n, I’d be texting r daydreaming. Smetimes, my telephne messages wuld be interrupted when the hme team scred. I knew they scred because everyne jumped up and exchanged high- fives and fist bumps.
Hwever, tday, as I lked arund at thusands f peple cheering and getting increasingly excited, I decided t at least give it a try—fr my brther’s sake, if nt fr my wn. The game was intense, and I was hked sn. When the ther team scred, I eventually felt a bit disappinted with the rest f my crwd. My brther was surprised t see me getting invlved. I was astnished myself! I didn’t keep glancing at the clck, cunting the minutes until we gt ut. Time flew. The game was ver befre I knew it.
4. Why des the authr qute his cnversatin with Larry in paragraph 2?
A. T shw their cmmn values.B. T shw their sense f humur.
C. T shw the trust between them.D. T shw the difference in their interests.
5. What was the authr’s initial reactin t basketball games?
A. Casual.B. Curius.C. Puzzled.D. Pleased.
6. What des the underlined wrd “hked” in the last paragraph mean?
A. Bred.B. Disappinted.C. Addicted.D. Satisfied.
7. What can be the best title fr the text?
A. Art and SprtB. Frm Opera t Basketball
C. Cheering fr the Hme TeamD. Develping a Passin fr Opera
【答案】4. D 5. A 6. C 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文，讲述了作者从喜欢戏剧到喜欢篮球的经历。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。文章第一段讲到“but ur interests are as far apart as pera and basketball. I lve art, and he is a huge sprts fan. His big passin is seeing basketball games. (但我们的兴趣就像歌剧和篮球一样相去甚远。我热爱艺术，他是一个超级体育迷。)”可知，作者在第二段引用他与拉里的对话是为了呈现他们兴趣的差异。故选D。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。文章第三段讲到“Actually, mst f the time, when the game was n, I’d be texting r daydreaming. (大多数时候，当比赛开始时，我会发短信或做白日梦。)”可知，作者最初在看篮球比赛时经常玩手机，表现得很随意。故选A。
【6题详解】
词义猜测题。划线单词下文讲到“My brther was surprised t see me getting invlved. I was astnished myself! (我哥哥看到我参与进来很惊讶。我自己都惊呆了！)”可知，划线单词所在句子的意思是：比赛很激烈，我很快就迷上了。因此最后一段中带下划线的单词hked的意思是“上瘾的，着迷的”。故选C。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。本文讲述了作者从喜欢戏剧到喜欢篮球的经历。文章第一段讲到“but ur interests are as far apart as pera and basketball. I lve art, and he is a huge sprts fan. His big passin is seeing basketball games. (但我们的兴趣就像歌剧和篮球一样相去甚远。我热爱艺术，他是一个超级体育迷。)”以及文章最后一段讲到“The game was intense, and I was hked sn. (游戏很激烈，我很快就迷上了。)”说明了作者的转变，可知，文章的最佳标题是：从歌剧到篮球。故选B。
C
Ancient builders acrss the wrld created structures that are still standing tday, thusands f years later. Rman builders built thick cncrete sea barriers against waves. Mayan builders created great sculptures, and Chinese builders cnstructed walls against freign enemies.
A grwing number f scientists have been studying materials since a lng time ag. They are breaking apart pieces f buildings and reading histrical texts hping t learn hw they have std fr thusands f years. The research has turned up a surprising list f materials that were mixed int ld buildings. They include tree bark, vlcanic ash, rice and beer. These unexpected materials can have the ability t get strnger ver time. Figuring ut hw t cpy these features can have real impacts tday. While sme f ur mdern cncrete has the strength t hld up very tall buildings and heavy structures, it cannt cmpete with the durability f these ancient materials.
Many scientists have turned t the Rmans. Starting arund 200 BC, the Rman Empire was building cncrete structures that have std the test f time. Even in places where seawater has been hitting structures fr ages, yu will find cncrete basically the way it was when it was pured 2,000 years ag. They think they have fund an imprtant reasn why sme Rman cncrete has held up structures fr thusands f years. That the ancient materials have an unusual pwer t restre themselves and “cure” cracks (裂缝) when they frm is the mst shcking fr them. Exactly hw is nt yet clear, but scientists are starting t find the reasns.
Tday’s builders cannt just cpy the ancient prcesses. Even thugh Rman cncrete lasted a lng time, it culdn’t hld up heavy buildings. Instead, researchers are trying t take sme f the ancient materials and add them int mdern mixes. Peple dn’t need t make things last quite as lng as the Rmans did. If we add 50 r 100 years t cncrete’s lifespan, we’ll surely require less pulling dwn, less maintenance and less material in the lng run.
8. What were the mentined Rman and Chinese buildings bth used fr?
A. Travel.B. Defence.C. Sldier training.D. Seawater cntrl.
9. Which wrd can best describe the ancient buildings?
A. Lng-lasting.B. Energy-efficient.C. Delicate.D. Flexible.
10. What surprises the scientists mst abut the ancient building materials?
A. Their large cracks.B. Their clear cncrete.
C. Their internal structures.D. Their self-repairing ability.
11. What is the authr’s attitude t the future cncrete?
A. Tlerant.B. Expectant.C. Suspicius.D. Indifferent.
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. D 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了世界各地的古代建筑者所建造的建筑在几千年后的今天仍然屹立不倒的原因。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“Rman builders built thick cncrete sea barriers against waves. Mayan builders created great sculptures, and Chinese builders cnstructed walls against freign enemies.”（罗马的建造者建造了厚厚的混凝土防波堤。玛雅工匠创造了伟大的雕塑，中国工匠建造了抵御外敌的城墙。）可推知，罗马和中国的建筑都是用来起到防御作用的。故选B项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“Ancient builders acrss the wrld created structures that are still standing tday, thusands f years later.”（世界各地的古代建筑者所建造的建筑在几千年后的今天仍然屹立不倒。）以及第二段中“A grwing number f scientists have been studying materials since a lng time ag. They are breaking apart pieces f buildings and reading histrical texts hping t learn hw they have std fr thusands f years.”（长久以来，越来越多的科学家一直在研究材料。他们正在拆除建筑物的碎片，阅读历史文献，希望了解它们是如何屹立数千年的。）可推知，这些古建筑能够持久的存在。故选A项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“That the ancient materials have an unusual pwer t restre themselves and “cure” cracks when they frm is the mst shcking fr them.”（这些古老材料具有一种不寻常的力量，可以在裂缝形成时自我修复和“治愈”裂缝，这对他们来说是最令人震惊的。）可知，古代建筑材料中最令科学家惊讶的是它们的自我修复能力。故选D项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“If we add 50 r 100 years t cncrete’s lifespan, we’ll surely require less pulling dwn, less maintenance and less material in the lng run.”（如果我们将混凝土的寿命延长50年或100年，从长远来看，我们肯定需要更少的拆除，更少的维护和更少的材料。）可推知，作者对未来混凝土的态度是期待的。故选B项。
D
A new study shws hming pigens (鸽子) cmbine precise internal cmpasses and memrized landmarks t retrace a path back t their hme—even fur years after the previus time when they made the trip.
Testing nnhuman memry keeping is challenging in research studies. “It’s rare that there is a gap f several years between when an animal stres the infrmatin and when it is next required t get it back,” says Dra Bir, a zlgist at the University f Oxfrd. In a recent study, Bir and her clleagues cmpared dmestic hming pigens’ paths three r fur years after the birds established rutes back t their hme frm a farm 8.6 kilmeters away. The study built n data frm a 2016 experiment in which pigens learned rutes in different scial cntexts during several flights-n their wn r with peers that did r did nt knw the way.
Using data frm GPS devices temprarily attached t the birds’ backs, the researchers cmpared the flight paths a grup f pigens tk in 2016 with many f the same birds’ rutes in 2019 r 2020, withut the birds visiting the release site in between. Sme birds missed a handful f landmarks alng the way, but many thers tk “strikingly similar” rutes t thse they used in 2016, “It was as if the last time they flew there was just the day befre, nt fur years ag,” says Oxfrd zlgist and study c-authr Julien Cllet.
The team fund that the pigens remembered a rute just as well if they first flew it alne r with thers and perfrmed much better than thse that had nt made the jurney in 2016. “The result is nt surprising, but it prvides new cnfirmatin f hming pigens’ remarkable memry. It clses the distance a little bit between ur vercnfident human cgnitive (认知的) abilities and what animals can d,” says Verner Bingman, wh studies animal navigatin at Bwling Green State University and was nt invlved in the study.
12. What des paragraph 1 mentin abut hming pigens?
A. The time f leaving hme.B. The lcatin f their birth.
C. The ways they navigate hme.D. The reasns fr their taking trips.
13. Hw did Bir and her clleagues cnduct the study?
A. Thrugh questinnaires.B. Thrugh infrmatin assumptins.
C. Thrugh lab experiments n animals.D. Thrugh cmparative analysis f data.
14. What did the researchers use t get the pigens’ flight rutes accrding t paragraph 3?
A. Predictin methd.B. Tracking methd.
C. Expert cnsultatin.D. Literature cnsultatin.
15. What can we learn abut animal cgnitive abilities frm Verner Bingman’s wrds?
A. They are underestimated.B. They have been declining.
C. They are much lwer than humans’.D. They have never been cnfirmed.
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. B 15. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项研究发现信鸽可以通过自身的方位分辨技术找到回家的路。解释了研究开展的经过以及意义。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“A new study shws hming pigens (鸽子) cmbine precise internal cmpasses and memrized landmarks t retrace a path back t their hme—even fur years after the previus time when they made the trip.(一项新的研究表明，信鸽结合了体内精确的罗盘和记忆的地标，甚至在它们上一次飞行四年后，还能重新找到回家的路)”可知，第一段提到了信鸽回家的方式。故选C。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“In a recent study, Bir and her clleagues cmpared dmestic hming pigens’ paths three r fur years after the birds established rutes back t their hme frm a farm 8.6 kilmeters away. The study built n data frm a 2016 experiment in which pigens learned rutes in different scial cntexts during several flights-n their wn r with peers that did r did nt knw the way.(在最近的一项研究中，比罗和她的同事们比较了国内信鸽从8.6公里外的农场回到家的路线三到四年后的路线。这项研究建立在2016年一项实验的数据基础上，在这项实验中，鸽子在几次飞行中在不同的社会背景下学习路线——单独飞行或与不认识路的同伴一起飞行)”可知，比罗和她的同事通过数据的比较分析进行这项研究。故选D。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Using data frm GPS devices temprarily attached t the birds’ backs, the researchers cmpared the flight paths a grup f pigens tk in 2016 with many f the same birds’ rutes in 2019 r 2020, withut the birds visiting the release site in between.(研究人员利用临时安装在鸽子背上的GPS设备的数据，将一群鸽子在2016年的飞行路线与2019年或2020年的许多相同路线进行了比较，其间鸟儿没有访问释放地点)”可知，研究人员通过跟踪法来得到鸽子的飞行路线。故选B。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段““The result is nt surprising, but it prvides new cnfirmatin f hming pigens’ remarkable memry. It clses the distance a little bit between ur vercnfident human cgnitive (认知的) abilities and what animals can d,” says Verner Bingman, wh studies animal navigatin at Bwling Green State University and was nt invlved in the study.(“这个结果并不令人惊讶，但它为信鸽非凡的记忆力提供了新的证据。它拉近了我们过于自信的人类认知能力和动物能力之间的距离，”弗纳·宾曼说，他在州立鲍灵格林大学研究动物导航，但没有参与这项研究)”可推知，Verner Bingman的话表明动物认知能力被低估了。故选A。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
We’re frtunate t have access t the dynamic netwrk technlgy, which prvides rich resurces fr learning, cnnecting and entertaining urselves. ___16___ The same tl that can enhance ur wrk efficiency als has the pwer t trap us in a web f distractins (分心之事).
___17___ An astnishing 84.4% f us, n average, reprt being distracted at wrk. There are sme usual suspects. Emails steal the attentin f 26%. Phne calls and texts influence a massive 43%. Cwrkers shift the attentin f 27%. And the Internet, with its infinite surce f infrmatin and entertainment, distracts 41% f us. What’s mre, a survey reveals that an verwhelming 67% f wrkers say that their wrk is ften affected by the excessive time spent n meetings and calls.
These distractins are mre than mere annyances. ___18___ It is their lasting impact that makes it impssible fr us t fcus n any single task. In this way, they greatly reduce ur wrk efficiency.
A study ffers mre insight int ur struggle with distractins. It fund that ur brain waves pulsate (搏动) at different frequencies depending n the type f external stimuli. The rhythm is faster fr autmatic stimuli but slws dwn fr tasks we cnsciusly chse t fcus n. ___19___
Just think abut it: Yu’re invlved in a prject, and then yur phne receives a text message. ___20___ And regaining yur fcus might be harder than yu anticipate, The same ges fr that catchy news headline r an interesting scial media pst that catches yur eye-pulling yu away frm yur task and making yu lst in the sea f distractins.
A. But it is duble-edged.
B. Sme distractins can be avided.
C. Statistics reveal hw cmmn this issue is.
D. They’re als persistent and endless in getting ur attentin.
E. The sund f it is lud enugh t interrupt yur cncentratin.
F. Stimulating ur interest and increasing the speed f ur wrk are imprtant.
G. This makes maintaining fcus in the nisy wrld an ever-increasing challenge.
【答案】16. A 17. C 18. D 19. G 20. E
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了我们受到外界干扰的原因。
【16题详解】
根据上文“We’re frtunate t have access t the dynamic netwrk technlgy, which prvides rich resurces fr learning, cnnecting and entertaining urselves.(我们有幸接触到动态的网络技术，它为我们学习、联系和娱乐提供了丰富的资源)”以及后文“The same tl that can enhance ur wrk efficiency als has the pwer t trap us in a web f distractins (分心之事).(同样的工具可以提高我们的工作效率，也有能力让我们陷入分心的网络中)”可知，本句与上文构成转折，指出网络技术的有利有弊。故A选项“但这是一把双刃剑”符合语境，故选A。
【17题详解】
根据后文“An astnishing 84.4% f us, n average, reprt being distracted at wrk. There are sme usual suspects. Emails steal the attentin f 26%. Phne calls and texts influence a massive 43%. Cwrkers shift the attentin f 27%. And the Internet, with its infinite surce f infrmatin and entertainment, distracts 41% f us. What’s mre, a survey reveals that an verwhelming 67% f wrkers say that their wrk is ften affected by the excessive time spent n meetings and calls.(平均而言，84.4%的人在工作中分心，这一比例令人震惊。有一些常见的疑点。电子邮件抢走了26%的人的注意力。电话和短信影响了43%的人。同事转移了27%的注意力。而互联网，以其无限的信息和娱乐来源，分散了我们41%的注意力。此外，一项调查显示，高达67%的员工表示，他们的工作经常受到花在会议和电话上的过多时间的影响)”可知，本段主要通过具体的数据说明了员工容易被网络分心。故C选项“统计数据揭示了这个问题有多普遍”符合语境，故选C。
【18题详解】
根据上文“These distractins are mre than mere annyances.(这些干扰不仅仅是烦恼)”可知，本句承接上文继续说明干扰的其他消极影响。故D选项“它们还会持续不断地吸引我们的注意力”符合语境，故选D。
【19题详解】
根据上文“A study ffers mre insight int ur struggle with distractins. It fund that ur brain waves pulsate (搏动) at different frequencies depending n the type f external stimuli. The rhythm is faster fr autmatic stimuli but slws dwn fr tasks we cnsciusly chse t fcus n.(一项研究为我们与分心的斗争提供了更多的见解。研究发现，我们的脑电波以不同的频率脉动，这取决于外部刺激的类型。对于自动刺激，节奏更快，但对于我们有意识地选择关注的任务，节奏会减慢)”可知，上文提到了自动刺激会让我们节奏减慢，本句为本段最后一句，故承接上文说明其带来的影响：使得在嘈杂的世界中保持专注成为一个越来越大的挑战。故G选项“这使得在嘈杂的世界中保持专注成为一个越来越大的挑战”符合语境，故选G。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Just think abut it: Yu’re invlved in a prject, and then yur phne receives a text message.(试想一下：你正在参与一个项目，然后你的手机收到一条短信)”可知，上文提到收到了一条短信，故本句应说明短信给你带来的影响：打断你的注意力。故E选项“它的声音大到足以打断你的注意力”符合语境，故选E。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In 2011, sme students at the University f Maryland saw a large amunt f fd ging t waste n their campus. They were s ___21___ abut it that they decided t create a prgram t ___22___ the excess (多余的) fd and send it t peple in need fr free. Later, the Fd Recvery Netwrk (FRN) ___23___ .
Up t nw, FRN has grwn t becme a natinwide rganizatin with many ___24___ in clleges and universities arund the US, including ne at the University f Maryland. Meanwhile, Rchester, a city f America, has a high rate f fd ___25___ . In respnse t it, a prpsal fr a cmmunity fd system plan has been ___26___ by the city’s gvernment. The plan is aimed t ffer safe ___27___ t all residents. The chapter f FRN at the University f Maryland wrks t ___28___ these attempts. With its help, the wrk is prgressing ___29___ . The students have relcated quantities f fd that wuld have therwise gne t waste. Every Friday afternn, members f the chapter meet t ___30___ the left fd frm the campus. Then the fd is srted and distributed t the cmmunities all ver the state.
“Our ___31___ is respnding psitively,” ne student says. “What we dn’t want is having t much fd in the kitchen.” The students d make a ___32___ , and they even supply the ___33___ meals t the peple utside the city. Besides, what they have dne is ___34___ t the envirnment. Thanks t FRN, they have successfully ___35___ the release f tns f carbn dixide thrugh reducing waste.
21.
A. delightedB. relaxedC. cnfusedD. cncerned
22.
A. redistributeB. replaceC. wasteD. label
23.
A. came backB. came dwnC. came int beingD. came t an end
24.
A. dnatinsB. chaptersC. mealsD. teachers
25.
A. supplyB. recgnitinC. insecurityD. disappearance
26.
A. dubtedB. rejectedC. pstpnedD. submitted
27.
A. medicineB. shelterC. fdD. trip
28.
A. aidB. assessC. identifyD. investigate
29.
A. randmlyB. smthlyC. temprarilyD. tughly
30.
A. cllectB. eatC. rderD. sell
31.
A. bankB. hmeC. cmpanyD. schl
32.
A. livingB. differenceC. frtuneD. prfit
33.
A. extraB. dirtyC. purchasedD. expensive
34.
A. adaptableB. friendlyC. blindD. harmful
35.
A. allwedB. prmtedC. decreasedD. received
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. C 24. B 25. C 26. D 27. C 28. A 29. B 30. A 31. D 32. B 33. A 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了马里兰大学学生发现校园里大量食物被浪费的现象后，创建了食物回收网络这一项目。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们非常担忧这个问题，于是决定创建一个项目，把多余的食物重新分配给有需要的人，免费送给他们。A. delighted高兴的；B. relaxed轻松的；C. cnfused疑惑的；D. cncerned关心的，担忧的。前文提到“In 2011, sme students at the University f Maryland saw a large amunt f fd ging t waste n their campus. ”（2011年，马里兰大学的一些学生发现校园里有大量食物被浪费。），可知看到食物被浪费应该感到非常痛心非常担忧。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们非常关心这个问题，于是决定创建一个项目，把多余的食物重新分配给有需要的人，免费送给他们。A. redistribute重新分配；B. replace替换；C. waste浪费；D. label贴标签。后文提到“the excess (多余的) fd and send it t peple in_______fr free. ”（将多余的食物免费分给有需要的人）由此判断，这些“浪费了的，多余的”食物应该需要重新分配一下，分发给有需要的人。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查动词词组辨析。句意：后来，食品回收网络(FRN)应运而生。A. came back回来；B. came dwn下来；减轻；C. came int being形成；D. came t an end结束。前文提到“they decided t create a prgram”（于是决定创建一个项目）由此判断，正是因为看到了食堂里食物的浪费，所以食品回收网络才因此产生。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：到目前为止，FRN已经发展成为一个全国性的组织，在美国各地的学院和大学都有许多分会，其中包括马里兰大学的一个分会。A. dnatins捐款；B. chapters章节，分会；C. meals餐食；D. teachers老师。前文提到“becme a natinwide rganizatin”（成为一个全国性的组织），以及后文中“Every Friday afternn, members f the chapter meet t________the left fd frm the campus”（周五下午，分会的成员集合到校园里分发剩下的食物）可知，chapter此处为原词复现。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，美国的罗彻斯特市的食品不安全率很高。A. supply供应；储备；B. recgnitin识别；C. insecurity不安全性；D. disappearance消失。后文提到“The plan is aimed t ffer safe________t all residents.”（该计划旨在为所有居民提供安全食品。）由此判断，该市的食品安全率不高所以才要制定计划改善这一现象。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为回应，市政府已经提交了一份社区食品系统计划的提案。A. dubted怀疑；B. rejected拒绝；C. pstpned推迟；D. submitted提交。后文提到“The plan is aimed t ffer safe ________ t all residents.”（该计划旨在为所有居民提供安全食品。）说明政府已经提交了这项计划的提案，以提升当地食物安全率。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：该计划旨在为所有居民提供安全食品。A. medicine药品；B. shelter住所；C. fd食物；D. trip旅行。前文提到“Meanwhile, Rchester, a city f America, has a high rate f fd________ ”（与此同时，美国的罗彻斯特市的食品不安全率很高。）由此判断，这一提案的提出是要为当地居民提供安全的食物。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：马里兰大学FRN分会致力于帮助这些尝试。A. aid帮助；B. assess评估；C. identify识别；查明；D. investigate调查。后文提到“With its help, the wrk is prgressing________ ”（在它的帮助下，这项工作进展得很顺利），说明FRN分会在帮助这些为提高食品安全的尝试。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：在它的帮助下，工作进展顺利。A. randmly随机地；B. smthly顺利地；C. temprarily暂时地；D. tughly固执地。后文提到“The students have relcated quantities f fd that wuld have therwise gne t waste. ”（学生们重新分配了大量原本会被浪费掉的食物。），学生们将食物重新分配，说明这项任务进行得十分顺利。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：每周五下午，分会的成员会聚集在一起收集校园里剩下的食物。A. cllect收集；B. eat吃；C. rder命令；D. sell卖。后文提到“Then the fd is________and distributed t the cmmunities all ver the state by categry.”（然后将食物分类分发到全州各地的社区。）由此判断，马里兰大学分会应该要先把食物收集起来，才能分到各处。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我们学校的反应很积极，”一名学生说。A. bank银行；B. hme家；C. cmpany公司；D. schl学校。根据“ne student”（一名学生）可知，此处应该是指“学校”反应积极。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：学生们确实发挥了作用，他们甚至为城外的人提供额外的饭菜。A. living生计；B. difference影响；C. frtune幸运；D. prfit利润。后文提到“and they even supply the 13 meals t the peple utside the city. ”（他们甚至为城外的人提供额外的饭菜。）由此可知，学生们在帮助别人提供饭菜这方面做的非常好。此处也是固定短语make a difference，意为“对……有影响”。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：学生们确实发挥了作用，他们甚至为城外的人提供额外的饭菜。A. extra额外的；B. dirty肮脏的；C. purchased已经购买的；D. expensive昂贵的。后文提到“t the peple utside the city.”（为城外的人提供了饭菜），由此判断，学生们除了将食堂的食物回收分配之外，还会额外给城外的人提供食物。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：此外，他们所做的是对环境友好的。A. adaptable能适应的；B. friendly友好的；C. blind失明的；D. harmful有害的。后文提到“Thanks t FRN, they have successfully________the release f tns f carbn dixide thrugh reducing waste. ”（多亏了FRN，他们通过减少浪费成功地减少了大量二氧化碳的排放。）FRN的努力使得二氧化碳的排放也减少了，由此判断，他们所做的事情是对环保有帮助的。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：多亏了FRN，他们通过减少浪费成功地减少了大量二氧化碳的排放。A. allwed允许；B. prmted提升；C. decreased减少；D. received接受。前文提到“Besides, what they have dne is ________ t the envirnment.”（此外，他们所做的是对环境友好的。）由此判断，他们所做之事应该是会降低二氧化碳的排放，所以才会对环境友好。故选C。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填人1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
It has been reprted that ___36___ 31st FISU Wrld University Games came t a clse n Tuesday night in Chengdu, Sichuan Prvince, ___37___(win) wide praise frm fficials and athletes alike. Declaring the games clsed, Lenz Eder, acting president f the Internatinal University Sprts Federatin, said the event has made the dreams f student-athletes cme true ___38___ they have wn medals r nt, because their experience in the city has been gld medal standard.
The clsing ceremny was held at the Chengdu Open Air Music Park. It is the first time in the wrld that the clsing ceremny f a large internatinal sprting event ___39___(hld) in a park, accrding t the rganizers f the games. “It was aimed ___40___(leave) the audience wrldwide with fnd memries f a unique Chengdu, frm ___41___ they gt t knw China and fell in lve with its peple,” the rganizers said. A ttal f 6,500 student-athletes frm 113 ___42___ (cuntry) and regins cmpeted ___43___ 269 events f 18 sprts at the Chengdu games, which pened n July 28.
China ___44___(successful) gt 103 gld medals, 40 silver medals and 35 brnze medals. Japan was in secnd place with 21 gld medals. Republic f Krea and Italy bth wn 17 gld medals and 18 silver medals and ended up in third and furth places, respectively. During the ceremny, the FISU flag was handed t a ___45___(represent) f Rhine-Ruhr, Germany, which will hst the next FISU Wrld University Games in 2025.
【答案】36. the
37. winning
38. whether
39. has been held
40. t leave
41. which 42. cuntries
43. in 44. successfully
45. representative
【解析】
【导语】本文是新闻报道。文章报道了第31届世界大学生运动会周二晚在四川省成都市闭幕，获得了官员和运动员的广泛赞誉。
【详解】1.考查冠词。句意：据报道，第31届世界大学生运动会周二晚在四川省成都市闭幕，获得了官员和运动员的广泛赞誉。根据空后的序数词31st可知，此处应用定冠词。故填the。
2.考查非谓语动词。句意：据报道，第31届国际大学生体育联合会世界大学生运动会周二晚在四川省成都市闭幕，获得了官员和运动员的广泛赞誉。分析句子结构可知，win与其逻辑主语之间是主谓关系，故此处应用其现在分词形式作状语。故填winning。
3.考查从属连词。句意：国际大学生体育联合会代理主席莱昂兹•埃德尔(Lenz Eder)宣布大运会结束时表示，不管他们是否赢得了奖牌，这项赛事都让学生运动员的梦想成真，因为他们在这座城市的经历一直是金牌标准。根据后面的r nt 可知，此处应用whether引导让步状语从句， nt固定搭配，意为“无论是否……”。故填whether。
4.考查时态语态。句意：据大运会组织者介绍，这是世界上第一次在公园举行大型国际体育赛事的闭幕式。谓语动词hld与其逻辑主语之间是被动关系，再结合“It is the first time that...”的句型特征可知，此处应用现在完成时的被动语态。故填has been held。
5.考查非谓语动词。句意：组织者说:“这是为了让世界各地的观众对独特的成都留下美好的回忆，从那里他们开始了解中国并爱上了中国人民。”根据句意可知，此处应用不定式作目的状语。故填t leave。
6.考查定语从句。句意：组织者说:“这是为了让世界各地的观众对独特的成都留下美好的回忆，从那里他们开始了解中国并爱上了中国人民。”分析句子结构可知，which在此处引导非限制性定语从句，并在从句中作介词frm的宾语，先行词是a unique Chengdu，指物。故填which。
7.考查名词单复数。句意：来自113个国家和地区的6500名学生运动员参加了7月28日开幕的成都大运会18个项目的269个项目的比赛。根据数词113可知，此处名词应用复数形式。故填cuntries。
8.考查介词。句意：来自113个国家和地区的6500名学生运动员参加了7月28日开幕的成都奥运会18个项目的269个项目的比赛。cmpete in意为“参加比赛（或竞赛）”。故填in。
9.考查副词。句意：中国成功获得金牌103枚、银牌40枚、铜牌35枚。副词successfully在此处修饰动词gt。故填successfully。
10.考查词性转换。句意：在仪式上，国际大学生联合会旗帜被交给了德国莱茵-鲁尔的代表，莱茵-鲁尔将在2025年举办下一届世界大学生运动会。根据空前的不定冠词a可知，此处应用单数名词。故填representative。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 你所在的英语俱乐部正在开展以“Our Family, Our Lve”为主题的演讲比赛。你打算参赛，请写一篇演讲稿，内容包括：
1.你对家庭的理解；
2.如何创造充满爱的家庭氛围。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Hell, everyne.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thanks fr listening.
【答案】Hell, everyne. I’m hnred t share with yu the speech “Our Family, Our Lve“. In my view, families cme in all shapes and sizes, but they all share ne thing in cmmn: lve. A strng family bnd can prvide a sense f security, supprt and belnging, which are essential fr ur well-being.
Hwever, creating a lving family atmsphere can be challenging, especially in tday’s fast-paced wrld. We can try sme ways. First, it is imprtant fr family members t cmmunicate effectively, shw appreciatin and respect each ther’s differences. Besides, spending quality time tgether, such as sharing meals r engaging in activities, can als strengthen ur family bnds. In a wrd, lve can bring ur family clser tgether.
Thanks fr listening
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。你所在的英语俱乐部正在开展以“Our Family, Our Lve”为主题的演讲比赛。你打算参赛，请写一篇演讲稿，内容包括：1.你对家庭的理解；2.如何创造充满爱的家庭氛围。
【详解】1.词汇积累
在我看来：In my view→As far as I’m cncerned
提供：prvide→ffer
必要的：essential →necessary
重要的：imprtant→f imprtance
2句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：First, it is imprtant fr family members t cmmunicate effectively, shw appreciatin and respect each ther’s differences.
拓展句：First, what is imprtant fr family members is that we need t cmmunicate effectively, shw appreciatin and respect each ther’s differences.
【点睛】【高分句型1】A strng family bnd can prvide a sense f security, supprt and belnging, which are essential fr ur well-being.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】Hwever, creating a lving family atmsphere can be challenging, especially in tday’s fast-paced wrld.(运用了动名词作主语)
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I’ve frgtten almst everything abut my early childhd except the cncert, and my mther als remembers it.
When I was a five-year-ld by, I was learning t play the pian in a musical schl. One day, a famus pian master was said t hld a pian cncert in ur city. Wishing t encurage my prgress n the pian, my mther tk me t the cncert. After we were seated, my mther sptted a friend in the audience, wh she hadn’t met fr a lng time. S she tld me t stay in my psitin and then walked dwn the passage t greet her friend. My mther and her friend std chatting happily fr a while befre the perfrmance. Meanwhile, I was s excited t see the cncert stage that I std up and eventually made my way thrugh a dr marked “N Admittance” t explre the wnders f the cncert hall.
When the huse lights became dim and the cncert was abut t begin, my mther returned t her seat. And she discvered that I was missing. My mther said she felt really guilty at that time and that she said t herself, “It’s my fault. I shuldn’t have left my little sn alne in his place.” Cnfused and anxius, she lked arund, but I was nwhere t be seen. Suddenly, the curtain parted and sptlights fcused n the impressive pian n the stage.T her surprise, she saw me sitting by the keybard inncently playing Twinkle Twinkle Little Star n the pian.
At that mment, the pian master made his entrance. Seeing me, a little by, sitting at the center f the stage and playing the pian, he seemed t be cmpletely at a lss. But then he quickly mved t the pian and whispered in my ear, “Dn’t quit. Keep playing.” Leaning ver, he reached arund t the ther side f me and sn added a running bbligat (伴奏). Tgether, we transfrmed a frightening situatin int a creative experience. The audience had never seen such a perfrmance frm. They listened curiusly and attentively, lst in the wnderful music wrld.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右：
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
When the piece came t an end, the pian master breathed a sigh f relief.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
After the cncert, my mther and I waited fr the pian master backstage.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】When the piece came t an end, the pian master breathed a sigh f relief. He turned t me, hugged me and said, “My by, yu really did a gd jb.” He rse and tk me t the center f the stage. Warm and lud applause brke ut in the audience befre he culd say a wrd. Peple clapped and cheered fr ur wnderful cperatin. Excitedly and happily, I ran int my mther’s arms and tk my seat again. We listened t the music mre carefully and sat thrugh the cncert tgether.
After the cncert, my mther and I waited fr the pian master backstage. Seeing him cming, my mther came up t him and said aplgetically, “I take my little sn t yur cncert in the hpe that he can benefit frm it. I didn’t expect that he’d run t the stage...” He replied with a smile, “I like yur by. One day, he is ging t be smebdy.” Hearing the wrds, my mther was s relieved and tuched. Thanks t the master, I gt nt nly the chance t step n stage but als the cnfidence fr my future path f music.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了小时候妈妈带着作者去看音乐会，作者误走入舞台上弹钢琴的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“当这首曲子结束时，钢琴大师松了一口气。”可知，第一段可描写作者弹完钢琴后钢琴大师鼓励作者，观众也给作者鼓掌，作者很高兴。
②由第二段首句内容“音乐会结束后，我和妈妈在后台等钢琴大师。”可知，第二段可描写妈妈向钢琴大师道歉，大师很欣赏作者，认为作者以后会有所作为，多亏了大师，作者现在能登上舞台，而且对未来的音乐之路充满信心。
2.续写线索：弹完曲子——钢琴大师鼓励作者——观众鼓掌——高兴，回到座位上欣赏音乐——音乐会结束——向大师道歉——大师很欣赏作者——作者如今音乐有所作为
3.词汇激活
行为类
①拥抱某人：hug sb./give sb. a hug
②鼓掌：clap/applaud
③走近：cme up t/apprach
情绪类
①兴奋地：Excitedly/with excitement
②感动的： tuched/mved
【点睛】[高分句型1] Excitedly and happily, I ran int my mther’s arms and tk my seat again. （由副词作伴随状语）
[高分句型2]Seeing him cming, my mther came up t him and said aplgetically, “I take my little sn t yur cncert in the hpe that he can benefit frm it. （由现在分词作状语和that引导的同位语从句）
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：Hw much is the shirt?
A．£19.15. B．£9.18. C．£9.15． 答案是C。
1．What is “cuscus”?
A．A new htel. B．A kind f fd. C．A clse relative.
2．Hw will the speakers g t the Sprts Cmplex?
A．By bus. B．By taxi. C．By subway.
3．What will the weather be like tday?
A．Windy. B．Sunny. C．Rainy.
4．In which city did the wman and Jhn stay the lngest?
A．Vienna. B．Rme. C．Paris.
5 Why has the man cme a lng way t see the wman?
A．T have an interview. B．T ask abut a lawyer. C．T register an advertisement.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．When will the speakers have their picnic?
A．On Friday. B．On Saturday. C．On Sunday.
7．Wh will g t the market?
A．Jhnny’s mther. B．Lucy’s parents. C．Jhnny and Lucy.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8．Where are the speakers?
A．In a restaurant. B．In a bkstre. C．In a supermarket.
9．What des the man have t d nw?
A．Sign his name. B．Wait fr his turn. C．Call his friend.更多课件教案等优质滋元可 家 威杏 MXSJ663 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10．What’s the relatinship between the speakers?
A．Husband and wife. B．Brther and sister. C．Custmer and shp assistant.
11．What d we knw abut the man?
A．He is very pr. B．He hates shpping. C．He ften cmes t the stre.
12．Which dress des the wman like?
A．The red ne. B．The blue ne. C．The white ne.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13．What des the man think f visiting art galleries?
A．Cstly. B．Wrthwhile. C．Disappinting
14．Where did the wman g recently!
A．T Washingtn. B．T Seul. C．T Paris.
15．Hw ld is the wman nw?
A．22 years ld. B．26 years ld. C．28 years ld.
16．What art gallery des the man want t visit again?
A．Musée d’Orsay. B．Centre Pmpidu. C．The Natinal Gallery f Art.
听第10段材料，回答第17 至20题。
17．What is Perelman?
A．A researcher. B．A dctr. C．A reprter.
18．With whm d babies feel the mst cmfrtable?
A．Strange adults. B．Babysitters. C．Other babies.
19．Hw may babies react t unfamiliar babies?
A．They may start t cry.
B．They may shw much fear.
C．They may tuch each ther.
20．What may the study lead t?
A．Much mre parenting time with babies.
B．An increase in family-based day care centers.
C．A greater demand fr experienced babysitters.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Cmpeting fr a Trip t Sma Bay, Egypt
Sma Bay is a perfect place fr sunny relaxatin. If yu take a trip there, yu can als take part in the cmpetitin we rganize.
The Destinatin
Lapped by the Red Sea n three sides and with views f sandy beaches and desert muntains, Sma Bay can attract nature lvers mst, Spreading acrss almst 2,500 acres, the Egyptian turist attractin has an 18-hle glf curse designed by Gary Player, a glfing enthusiast, as well as the largest Thalass spa in Africa. Kitebarding, diving and hrse riding are all n ffer, t.
Of Sma Bay’s five accmmdatin ptins, a five-star htel enjys a fantastic lcatin n the highest pint f the Sma Bay peninsula. It has a number f guest rms and suites with private balcnies, as well as fur n-site restaurants, Yu can enjy beach-side pizza, take afternn tea, r stp fr a drink by the 18th hle. They are all ffered by the htel.
The Prize
With the fficial permissin f Sma Bay, the winner can enjy a fur-night stay in a classic rm at the five-star htel n a half-price basis. The prize includes return ecnmy class flight tickets with verhead cabin luggage frm the UK t Hurghada Internatinal Airprt up t the value f £650 per persn, with direct rutes available frm cities including Lndn, Manchester and Bristl, plus return airprt transfers t Sma Bay (UK transfers aren’t included).
T Enter
Answer the fllwing questin nline at natgetv,cm/uk/cmpetitins:
ON WHICH SEA IS SOMA BAY LOCATED?
Cmpetitin clses n 31 Octber 2023.
The winner must be a UK adult resident aged 18 r ver.
1. What des the five-star htel ffer?
A. Games n a glf curse.B. Tickets fr kitebarding.
C. Smething t eat and drink.D. Accmmdatin n the beach.
2. What can the winner get?
A. A free stay in the perfect htel.B. A return airprt transfer t the UK.
C. A pssible direct flight ticket frm Bristl.D. A first class flight frm the UK t Hurghada
3. What d we knw abut the cmpetitin?
A. It welcmes children.B. It cvers multiple questins.
C. It targets at Egyptian citizens.D. It ends n the last day f Octber.
【答案】1. C 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍的是争夺去埃及索马湾旅游的机会而参加的比赛活动的相关信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Destinatin部分中的“It has a number f guest rms and suites with private balcnies, as well as fur n-site restaurants, Yu can enjy beach-side pizza, take afternn tea, r stp fr a drink by the 18th hle.(它有一些客房和套房的私人阳台，以及四个现场餐厅，你可以享受海滩边的披萨，下午茶，或在高尔夫球场的第18洞停下来喝点东西。)”可知，该五星级酒店可以享受海滩边上的披萨，喝点下午茶，或者在高尔夫球场第18洞喝点东西，由此可知，该五星酒店提供一些吃的喝的东西。故选C项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Prize部分中的“The prize includes return ecnmy class flight tickets with verhead cabin luggage frm the UK t Hurghada Internatinal Airprt up t the value f £650 per persn, with direct rutes available frm cities including Lndn, Manchester and Bristl, plus return airprt transfers t Sma Bay (UK transfers aren’t included).(该奖项包括从英国到赫尔格达国际机场的经济舱往返机票，每人最高价值650英镑，可从伦敦、曼彻斯特和布里斯托尔等城市直飞，以及从机场到索马湾的往返机票(不包括英国转机)。)”可知，获奖者可以获得从伦敦、曼彻斯特和布里斯托尔等城市直飞的机票。故选C项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据T Enter部分中的“Cmpetitin clses n 31 Octber 2023.(竞赛将于2023年10月31日结束。)”可知，比赛在2023年10月31日结束，由此可知，比赛在10月的最后一天结束。故选D项。
B
Larry and I have always had ur basic values in cmmn, but ur interests are as far apart as pera and basketball. I lve art, and he is a huge sprts fan. His big passin is seeing basketball games. He has been sharing seasn tickets with his friends fr years. I must admit I’ve been always invited t see the games tgether.
This mrning, I called my brther, Larry, and said, “I have a piece f gd news and a piece f bad news. Which d yu want t hear first?” “Gd news first,” Larry answered. “Yu can g t sleep early tnight,” I said. “Okay. What’s the bad ne?” he asked. “We’re ging t the pera!” I answered, laughing ludly.
There was a reasn fr the jke. The last time I invited him t g t the pera, he fell asleep in the theater. I had t admit it was always bring fr him, but when I gave him a ticket fr my favrite pera, I really thught he might enjy it. I wke him up, but sn he fell asleep again. When Larry fund I was jking, he breathed a sigh f relief n the ther end. He said, “But I want yu t g t see the last basketball game this autumn with me.” I prmised and cmplained, “Nt again!” Actually, mst f the time, when the game was n, I’d be texting r daydreaming. Smetimes, my telephne messages wuld be interrupted when the hme team scred. I knew they scred because everyne jumped up and exchanged high- fives and fist bumps.
Hwever, tday, as I lked arund at thusands f peple cheering and getting increasingly excited, I decided t at least give it a try—fr my brther’s sake, if nt fr my wn. The game was intense, and I was hked sn. When the ther team scred, I eventually felt a bit disappinted with the rest f my crwd. My brther was surprised t see me getting invlved. I was astnished myself! I didn’t keep glancing at the clck, cunting the minutes until we gt ut. Time flew. The game was ver befre I knew it.
4. Why des the authr qute his cnversatin with Larry in paragraph 2?
A. T shw their cmmn values.B. T shw their sense f humur.
C. T shw the trust between them.D. T shw the difference in their interests.
5. What was the authr’s initial reactin t basketball games?
A. Casual.B. Curius.C. Puzzled.D. Pleased.
6. What des the underlined wrd “hked” in the last paragraph mean?
A. Bred.B. Disappinted.C. Addicted.D. Satisfied.
7. What can be the best title fr the text?
A. Art and SprtB. Frm Opera t Basketball
C. Cheering fr the Hme TeamD. Develping a Passin fr Opera
【答案】4. D 5. A 6. C 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文，讲述了作者从喜欢戏剧到喜欢篮球的经历。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。文章第一段讲到“but ur interests are as far apart as pera and basketball. I lve art, and he is a huge sprts fan. His big passin is seeing basketball games. (但我们的兴趣就像歌剧和篮球一样相去甚远。我热爱艺术，他是一个超级体育迷。)”可知，作者在第二段引用他与拉里的对话是为了呈现他们兴趣的差异。故选D。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。文章第三段讲到“Actually, mst f the time, when the game was n, I’d be texting r daydreaming. (大多数时候，当比赛开始时，我会发短信或做白日梦。)”可知，作者最初在看篮球比赛时经常玩手机，表现得很随意。故选A。
【6题详解】
词义猜测题。划线单词下文讲到“My brther was surprised t see me getting invlved. I was astnished myself! (我哥哥看到我参与进来很惊讶。我自己都惊呆了！)”可知，划线单词所在句子的意思是：比赛很激烈，我很快就迷上了。因此最后一段中带下划线的单词hked的意思是“上瘾的，着迷的”。故选C。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。本文讲述了作者从喜欢戏剧到喜欢篮球的经历。文章第一段讲到“but ur interests are as far apart as pera and basketball. I lve art, and he is a huge sprts fan. His big passin is seeing basketball games. (但我们的兴趣就像歌剧和篮球一样相去甚远。我热爱艺术，他是一个超级体育迷。)”以及文章最后一段讲到“The game was intense, and I was hked sn. (游戏很激烈，我很快就迷上了。)”说明了作者的转变，可知，文章的最佳标题是：从歌剧到篮球。故选B。
C
Ancient builders acrss the wrld created structures that are still standing tday, thusands f years later. Rman builders built thick cncrete sea barriers against waves. Mayan builders created great sculptures, and Chinese builders cnstructed walls against freign enemies.
A grwing number f scientists have been studying materials since a lng time ag. They are breaking apart pieces f buildings and reading histrical texts hping t learn hw they have std fr thusands f years. The research has turned up a surprising list f materials that were mixed int ld buildings. They include tree bark, vlcanic ash, rice and beer. These unexpected materials can have the ability t get strnger ver time. Figuring ut hw t cpy these features can have real impacts tday. While sme f ur mdern cncrete has the strength t hld up very tall buildings and heavy structures, it cannt cmpete with the durability f these ancient materials.
Many scientists have turned t the Rmans. Starting arund 200 BC, the Rman Empire was building cncrete structures that have std the test f time. Even in places where seawater has been hitting structures fr ages, yu will find cncrete basically the way it was when it was pured 2,000 years ag. They think they have fund an imprtant reasn why sme Rman cncrete has held up structures fr thusands f years. That the ancient materials have an unusual pwer t restre themselves and “cure” cracks (裂缝) when they frm is the mst shcking fr them. Exactly hw is nt yet clear, but scientists are starting t find the reasns.
Tday’s builders cannt just cpy the ancient prcesses. Even thugh Rman cncrete lasted a lng time, it culdn’t hld up heavy buildings. Instead, researchers are trying t take sme f the ancient materials and add them int mdern mixes. Peple dn’t need t make things last quite as lng as the Rmans did. If we add 50 r 100 years t cncrete’s lifespan, we’ll surely require less pulling dwn, less maintenance and less material in the lng run.
8. What were the mentined Rman and Chinese buildings bth used fr?
A. Travel.B. Defence.C. Sldier training.D. Seawater cntrl.
9. Which wrd can best describe the ancient buildings?
A. Lng-lasting.B. Energy-efficient.C. Delicate.D. Flexible.
10. What surprises the scientists mst abut the ancient building materials?
A. Their large cracks.B. Their clear cncrete.
C. Their internal structures.D. Their self-repairing ability.
11. What is the authr’s attitude t the future cncrete?
A. Tlerant.B. Expectant.C. Suspicius.D. Indifferent.
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. D 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了世界各地的古代建筑者所建造的建筑在几千年后的今天仍然屹立不倒的原因。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“Rman builders built thick cncrete sea barriers against waves. Mayan builders created great sculptures, and Chinese builders cnstructed walls against freign enemies.”（罗马的建造者建造了厚厚的混凝土防波堤。玛雅工匠创造了伟大的雕塑，中国工匠建造了抵御外敌的城墙。）可推知，罗马和中国的建筑都是用来起到防御作用的。故选B项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“Ancient builders acrss the wrld created structures that are still standing tday, thusands f years later.”（世界各地的古代建筑者所建造的建筑在几千年后的今天仍然屹立不倒。）以及第二段中“A grwing number f scientists have been studying materials since a lng time ag. They are breaking apart pieces f buildings and reading histrical texts hping t learn hw they have std fr thusands f years.”（长久以来，越来越多的科学家一直在研究材料。他们正在拆除建筑物的碎片，阅读历史文献，希望了解它们是如何屹立数千年的。）可推知，这些古建筑能够持久的存在。故选A项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“That the ancient materials have an unusual pwer t restre themselves and “cure” cracks when they frm is the mst shcking fr them.”（这些古老材料具有一种不寻常的力量，可以在裂缝形成时自我修复和“治愈”裂缝，这对他们来说是最令人震惊的。）可知，古代建筑材料中最令科学家惊讶的是它们的自我修复能力。故选D项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“If we add 50 r 100 years t cncrete’s lifespan, we’ll surely require less pulling dwn, less maintenance and less material in the lng run.”（如果我们将混凝土的寿命延长50年或100年，从长远来看，我们肯定需要更少的拆除，更少的维护和更少的材料。）可推知，作者对未来混凝土的态度是期待的。故选B项。
D
A new study shws hming pigens (鸽子) cmbine precise internal cmpasses and memrized landmarks t retrace a path back t their hme—even fur years after the previus time when they made the trip.
Testing nnhuman memry keeping is challenging in research studies. “It’s rare that there is a gap f several years between when an animal stres the infrmatin and when it is next required t get it back,” says Dra Bir, a zlgist at the University f Oxfrd. In a recent study, Bir and her clleagues cmpared dmestic hming pigens’ paths three r fur years after the birds established rutes back t their hme frm a farm 8.6 kilmeters away. The study built n data frm a 2016 experiment in which pigens learned rutes in different scial cntexts during several flights-n their wn r with peers that did r did nt knw the way.
Using data frm GPS devices temprarily attached t the birds’ backs, the researchers cmpared the flight paths a grup f pigens tk in 2016 with many f the same birds’ rutes in 2019 r 2020, withut the birds visiting the release site in between. Sme birds missed a handful f landmarks alng the way, but many thers tk “strikingly similar” rutes t thse they used in 2016, “It was as if the last time they flew there was just the day befre, nt fur years ag,” says Oxfrd zlgist and study c-authr Julien Cllet.
The team fund that the pigens remembered a rute just as well if they first flew it alne r with thers and perfrmed much better than thse that had nt made the jurney in 2016. “The result is nt surprising, but it prvides new cnfirmatin f hming pigens’ remarkable memry. It clses the distance a little bit between ur vercnfident human cgnitive (认知的) abilities and what animals can d,” says Verner Bingman, wh studies animal navigatin at Bwling Green State University and was nt invlved in the study.
12. What des paragraph 1 mentin abut hming pigens?
A. The time f leaving hme.B. The lcatin f their birth.
C. The ways they navigate hme.D. The reasns fr their taking trips.
13. Hw did Bir and her clleagues cnduct the study?
A. Thrugh questinnaires.B. Thrugh infrmatin assumptins.
C. Thrugh lab experiments n animals.D. Thrugh cmparative analysis f data.
14. What did the researchers use t get the pigens’ flight rutes accrding t paragraph 3?
A. Predictin methd.B. Tracking methd.
C. Expert cnsultatin.D. Literature cnsultatin.
15. What can we learn abut animal cgnitive abilities frm Verner Bingman’s wrds?
A. They are underestimated.B. They have been declining.
C. They are much lwer than humans’.D. They have never been cnfirmed.
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. B 15. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项研究发现信鸽可以通过自身的方位分辨技术找到回家的路。解释了研究开展的经过以及意义。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“A new study shws hming pigens (鸽子) cmbine precise internal cmpasses and memrized landmarks t retrace a path back t their hme—even fur years after the previus time when they made the trip.(一项新的研究表明，信鸽结合了体内精确的罗盘和记忆的地标，甚至在它们上一次飞行四年后，还能重新找到回家的路)”可知，第一段提到了信鸽回家的方式。故选C。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“In a recent study, Bir and her clleagues cmpared dmestic hming pigens’ paths three r fur years after the birds established rutes back t their hme frm a farm 8.6 kilmeters away. The study built n data frm a 2016 experiment in which pigens learned rutes in different scial cntexts during several flights-n their wn r with peers that did r did nt knw the way.(在最近的一项研究中，比罗和她的同事们比较了国内信鸽从8.6公里外的农场回到家的路线三到四年后的路线。这项研究建立在2016年一项实验的数据基础上，在这项实验中，鸽子在几次飞行中在不同的社会背景下学习路线——单独飞行或与不认识路的同伴一起飞行)”可知，比罗和她的同事通过数据的比较分析进行这项研究。故选D。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Using data frm GPS devices temprarily attached t the birds’ backs, the researchers cmpared the flight paths a grup f pigens tk in 2016 with many f the same birds’ rutes in 2019 r 2020, withut the birds visiting the release site in between.(研究人员利用临时安装在鸽子背上的GPS设备的数据，将一群鸽子在2016年的飞行路线与2019年或2020年的许多相同路线进行了比较，其间鸟儿没有访问释放地点)”可知，研究人员通过跟踪法来得到鸽子的飞行路线。故选B。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段““The result is nt surprising, but it prvides new cnfirmatin f hming pigens’ remarkable memry. It clses the distance a little bit between ur vercnfident human cgnitive (认知的) abilities and what animals can d,” says Verner Bingman, wh studies animal navigatin at Bwling Green State University and was nt invlved in the study.(“这个结果并不令人惊讶，但它为信鸽非凡的记忆力提供了新的证据。它拉近了我们过于自信的人类认知能力和动物能力之间的距离，”弗纳·宾曼说，他在州立鲍灵格林大学研究动物导航，但没有参与这项研究)”可推知，Verner Bingman的话表明动物认知能力被低估了。故选A。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
We’re frtunate t have access t the dynamic netwrk technlgy, which prvides rich resurces fr learning, cnnecting and entertaining urselves. ___16___ The same tl that can enhance ur wrk efficiency als has the pwer t trap us in a web f distractins (分心之事).
___17___ An astnishing 84.4% f us, n average, reprt being distracted at wrk. There are sme usual suspects. Emails steal the attentin f 26%. Phne calls and texts influence a massive 43%. Cwrkers shift the attentin f 27%. And the Internet, with its infinite surce f infrmatin and entertainment, distracts 41% f us. What’s mre, a survey reveals that an verwhelming 67% f wrkers say that their wrk is ften affected by the excessive time spent n meetings and calls.
These distractins are mre than mere annyances. ___18___ It is their lasting impact that makes it impssible fr us t fcus n any single task. In this way, they greatly reduce ur wrk efficiency.
A study ffers mre insight int ur struggle with distractins. It fund that ur brain waves pulsate (搏动) at different frequencies depending n the type f external stimuli. The rhythm is faster fr autmatic stimuli but slws dwn fr tasks we cnsciusly chse t fcus n. ___19___
Just think abut it: Yu’re invlved in a prject, and then yur phne receives a text message. ___20___ And regaining yur fcus might be harder than yu anticipate, The same ges fr that catchy news headline r an interesting scial media pst that catches yur eye-pulling yu away frm yur task and making yu lst in the sea f distractins.
A. But it is duble-edged.
B. Sme distractins can be avided.
C. Statistics reveal hw cmmn this issue is.
D. They’re als persistent and endless in getting ur attentin.
E. The sund f it is lud enugh t interrupt yur cncentratin.
F. Stimulating ur interest and increasing the speed f ur wrk are imprtant.
G. This makes maintaining fcus in the nisy wrld an ever-increasing challenge.
【答案】16. A 17. C 18. D 19. G 20. E
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了我们受到外界干扰的原因。
【16题详解】
根据上文“We’re frtunate t have access t the dynamic netwrk technlgy, which prvides rich resurces fr learning, cnnecting and entertaining urselves.(我们有幸接触到动态的网络技术，它为我们学习、联系和娱乐提供了丰富的资源)”以及后文“The same tl that can enhance ur wrk efficiency als has the pwer t trap us in a web f distractins (分心之事).(同样的工具可以提高我们的工作效率，也有能力让我们陷入分心的网络中)”可知，本句与上文构成转折，指出网络技术的有利有弊。故A选项“但这是一把双刃剑”符合语境，故选A。
【17题详解】
根据后文“An astnishing 84.4% f us, n average, reprt being distracted at wrk. There are sme usual suspects. Emails steal the attentin f 26%. Phne calls and texts influence a massive 43%. Cwrkers shift the attentin f 27%. And the Internet, with its infinite surce f infrmatin and entertainment, distracts 41% f us. What’s mre, a survey reveals that an verwhelming 67% f wrkers say that their wrk is ften affected by the excessive time spent n meetings and calls.(平均而言，84.4%的人在工作中分心，这一比例令人震惊。有一些常见的疑点。电子邮件抢走了26%的人的注意力。电话和短信影响了43%的人。同事转移了27%的注意力。而互联网，以其无限的信息和娱乐来源，分散了我们41%的注意力。此外，一项调查显示，高达67%的员工表示，他们的工作经常受到花在会议和电话上的过多时间的影响)”可知，本段主要通过具体的数据说明了员工容易被网络分心。故C选项“统计数据揭示了这个问题有多普遍”符合语境，故选C。
【18题详解】
根据上文“These distractins are mre than mere annyances.(这些干扰不仅仅是烦恼)”可知，本句承接上文继续说明干扰的其他消极影响。故D选项“它们还会持续不断地吸引我们的注意力”符合语境，故选D。
【19题详解】
根据上文“A study ffers mre insight int ur struggle with distractins. It fund that ur brain waves pulsate (搏动) at different frequencies depending n the type f external stimuli. The rhythm is faster fr autmatic stimuli but slws dwn fr tasks we cnsciusly chse t fcus n.(一项研究为我们与分心的斗争提供了更多的见解。研究发现，我们的脑电波以不同的频率脉动，这取决于外部刺激的类型。对于自动刺激，节奏更快，但对于我们有意识地选择关注的任务，节奏会减慢)”可知，上文提到了自动刺激会让我们节奏减慢，本句为本段最后一句，故承接上文说明其带来的影响：使得在嘈杂的世界中保持专注成为一个越来越大的挑战。故G选项“这使得在嘈杂的世界中保持专注成为一个越来越大的挑战”符合语境，故选G。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Just think abut it: Yu’re invlved in a prject, and then yur phne receives a text message.(试想一下：你正在参与一个项目，然后你的手机收到一条短信)”可知，上文提到收到了一条短信，故本句应说明短信给你带来的影响：打断你的注意力。故E选项“它的声音大到足以打断你的注意力”符合语境，故选E。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In 2011, sme students at the University f Maryland saw a large amunt f fd ging t waste n their campus. They were s ___21___ abut it that they decided t create a prgram t ___22___ the excess (多余的) fd and send it t peple in need fr free. Later, the Fd Recvery Netwrk (FRN) ___23___ .
Up t nw, FRN has grwn t becme a natinwide rganizatin with many ___24___ in clleges and universities arund the US, including ne at the University f Maryland. Meanwhile, Rchester, a city f America, has a high rate f fd ___25___ . In respnse t it, a prpsal fr a cmmunity fd system plan has been ___26___ by the city’s gvernment. The plan is aimed t ffer safe ___27___ t all residents. The chapter f FRN at the University f Maryland wrks t ___28___ these attempts. With its help, the wrk is prgressing ___29___ . The students have relcated quantities f fd that wuld have therwise gne t waste. Every Friday afternn, members f the chapter meet t ___30___ the left fd frm the campus. Then the fd is srted and distributed t the cmmunities all ver the state.
“Our ___31___ is respnding psitively,” ne student says. “What we dn’t want is having t much fd in the kitchen.” The students d make a ___32___ , and they even supply the ___33___ meals t the peple utside the city. Besides, what they have dne is ___34___ t the envirnment. Thanks t FRN, they have successfully ___35___ the release f tns f carbn dixide thrugh reducing waste.
21.
A. delightedB. relaxedC. cnfusedD. cncerned
22.
A. redistributeB. replaceC. wasteD. label
23.
A. came backB. came dwnC. came int beingD. came t an end
24.
A. dnatinsB. chaptersC. mealsD. teachers
25.
A. supplyB. recgnitinC. insecurityD. disappearance
26.
A. dubtedB. rejectedC. pstpnedD. submitted
27.
A. medicineB. shelterC. fdD. trip
28.
A. aidB. assessC. identifyD. investigate
29.
A. randmlyB. smthlyC. temprarilyD. tughly
30.
A. cllectB. eatC. rderD. sell
31.
A. bankB. hmeC. cmpanyD. schl
32.
A. livingB. differenceC. frtuneD. prfit
33.
A. extraB. dirtyC. purchasedD. expensive
34.
A. adaptableB. friendlyC. blindD. harmful
35.
A. allwedB. prmtedC. decreasedD. received
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. C 24. B 25. C 26. D 27. C 28. A 29. B 30. A 31. D 32. B 33. A 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了马里兰大学学生发现校园里大量食物被浪费的现象后，创建了食物回收网络这一项目。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们非常担忧这个问题，于是决定创建一个项目，把多余的食物重新分配给有需要的人，免费送给他们。A. delighted高兴的；B. relaxed轻松的；C. cnfused疑惑的；D. cncerned关心的，担忧的。前文提到“In 2011, sme students at the University f Maryland saw a large amunt f fd ging t waste n their campus. ”（2011年，马里兰大学的一些学生发现校园里有大量食物被浪费。），可知看到食物被浪费应该感到非常痛心非常担忧。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们非常关心这个问题，于是决定创建一个项目，把多余的食物重新分配给有需要的人，免费送给他们。A. redistribute重新分配；B. replace替换；C. waste浪费；D. label贴标签。后文提到“the excess (多余的) fd and send it t peple in_______fr free. ”（将多余的食物免费分给有需要的人）由此判断，这些“浪费了的，多余的”食物应该需要重新分配一下，分发给有需要的人。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查动词词组辨析。句意：后来，食品回收网络(FRN)应运而生。A. came back回来；B. came dwn下来；减轻；C. came int being形成；D. came t an end结束。前文提到“they decided t create a prgram”（于是决定创建一个项目）由此判断，正是因为看到了食堂里食物的浪费，所以食品回收网络才因此产生。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：到目前为止，FRN已经发展成为一个全国性的组织，在美国各地的学院和大学都有许多分会，其中包括马里兰大学的一个分会。A. dnatins捐款；B. chapters章节，分会；C. meals餐食；D. teachers老师。前文提到“becme a natinwide rganizatin”（成为一个全国性的组织），以及后文中“Every Friday afternn, members f the chapter meet t________the left fd frm the campus”（周五下午，分会的成员集合到校园里分发剩下的食物）可知，chapter此处为原词复现。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，美国的罗彻斯特市的食品不安全率很高。A. supply供应；储备；B. recgnitin识别；C. insecurity不安全性；D. disappearance消失。后文提到“The plan is aimed t ffer safe________t all residents.”（该计划旨在为所有居民提供安全食品。）由此判断，该市的食品安全率不高所以才要制定计划改善这一现象。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为回应，市政府已经提交了一份社区食品系统计划的提案。A. dubted怀疑；B. rejected拒绝；C. pstpned推迟；D. submitted提交。后文提到“The plan is aimed t ffer safe ________ t all residents.”（该计划旨在为所有居民提供安全食品。）说明政府已经提交了这项计划的提案，以提升当地食物安全率。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：该计划旨在为所有居民提供安全食品。A. medicine药品；B. shelter住所；C. fd食物；D. trip旅行。前文提到“Meanwhile, Rchester, a city f America, has a high rate f fd________ ”（与此同时，美国的罗彻斯特市的食品不安全率很高。）由此判断，这一提案的提出是要为当地居民提供安全的食物。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：马里兰大学FRN分会致力于帮助这些尝试。A. aid帮助；B. assess评估；C. identify识别；查明；D. investigate调查。后文提到“With its help, the wrk is prgressing________ ”（在它的帮助下，这项工作进展得很顺利），说明FRN分会在帮助这些为提高食品安全的尝试。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：在它的帮助下，工作进展顺利。A. randmly随机地；B. smthly顺利地；C. temprarily暂时地；D. tughly固执地。后文提到“The students have relcated quantities f fd that wuld have therwise gne t waste. ”（学生们重新分配了大量原本会被浪费掉的食物。），学生们将食物重新分配，说明这项任务进行得十分顺利。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：每周五下午，分会的成员会聚集在一起收集校园里剩下的食物。A. cllect收集；B. eat吃；C. rder命令；D. sell卖。后文提到“Then the fd is________and distributed t the cmmunities all ver the state by categry.”（然后将食物分类分发到全州各地的社区。）由此判断，马里兰大学分会应该要先把食物收集起来，才能分到各处。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我们学校的反应很积极，”一名学生说。A. bank银行；B. hme家；C. cmpany公司；D. schl学校。根据“ne student”（一名学生）可知，此处应该是指“学校”反应积极。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：学生们确实发挥了作用，他们甚至为城外的人提供额外的饭菜。A. living生计；B. difference影响；C. frtune幸运；D. prfit利润。后文提到“and they even supply the 13 meals t the peple utside the city. ”（他们甚至为城外的人提供额外的饭菜。）由此可知，学生们在帮助别人提供饭菜这方面做的非常好。此处也是固定短语make a difference，意为“对……有影响”。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：学生们确实发挥了作用，他们甚至为城外的人提供额外的饭菜。A. extra额外的；B. dirty肮脏的；C. purchased已经购买的；D. expensive昂贵的。后文提到“t the peple utside the city.”（为城外的人提供了饭菜），由此判断，学生们除了将食堂的食物回收分配之外，还会额外给城外的人提供食物。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：此外，他们所做的是对环境友好的。A. adaptable能适应的；B. friendly友好的；C. blind失明的；D. harmful有害的。后文提到“Thanks t FRN, they have successfully________the release f tns f carbn dixide thrugh reducing waste. ”（多亏了FRN，他们通过减少浪费成功地减少了大量二氧化碳的排放。）FRN的努力使得二氧化碳的排放也减少了，由此判断，他们所做的事情是对环保有帮助的。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：多亏了FRN，他们通过减少浪费成功地减少了大量二氧化碳的排放。A. allwed允许；B. prmted提升；C. decreased减少；D. received接受。前文提到“Besides, what they have dne is ________ t the envirnment.”（此外，他们所做的是对环境友好的。）由此判断，他们所做之事应该是会降低二氧化碳的排放，所以才会对环境友好。故选C。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填人1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
It has been reprted that ___36___ 31st FISU Wrld University Games came t a clse n Tuesday night in Chengdu, Sichuan Prvince, ___37___(win) wide praise frm fficials and athletes alike. Declaring the games clsed, Lenz Eder, acting president f the Internatinal University Sprts Federatin, said the event has made the dreams f student-athletes cme true ___38___ they have wn medals r nt, because their experience in the city has been gld medal standard.
The clsing ceremny was held at the Chengdu Open Air Music Park. It is the first time in the wrld that the clsing ceremny f a large internatinal sprting event ___39___(hld) in a park, accrding t the rganizers f the games. “It was aimed ___40___(leave) the audience wrldwide with fnd memries f a unique Chengdu, frm ___41___ they gt t knw China and fell in lve with its peple,” the rganizers said. A ttal f 6,500 student-athletes frm 113 ___42___ (cuntry) and regins cmpeted ___43___ 269 events f 18 sprts at the Chengdu games, which pened n July 28.
China ___44___(successful) gt 103 gld medals, 40 silver medals and 35 brnze medals. Japan was in secnd place with 21 gld medals. Republic f Krea and Italy bth wn 17 gld medals and 18 silver medals and ended up in third and furth places, respectively. During the ceremny, the FISU flag was handed t a ___45___(represent) f Rhine-Ruhr, Germany, which will hst the next FISU Wrld University Games in 2025.
【答案】36. the
37. winning
38. whether
39. has been held
40. t leave
41. which 42. cuntries
43. in 44. successfully
45. representative
【解析】
【导语】本文是新闻报道。文章报道了第31届世界大学生运动会周二晚在四川省成都市闭幕，获得了官员和运动员的广泛赞誉。
【详解】1.考查冠词。句意：据报道，第31届世界大学生运动会周二晚在四川省成都市闭幕，获得了官员和运动员的广泛赞誉。根据空后的序数词31st可知，此处应用定冠词。故填the。
2.考查非谓语动词。句意：据报道，第31届国际大学生体育联合会世界大学生运动会周二晚在四川省成都市闭幕，获得了官员和运动员的广泛赞誉。分析句子结构可知，win与其逻辑主语之间是主谓关系，故此处应用其现在分词形式作状语。故填winning。
3.考查从属连词。句意：国际大学生体育联合会代理主席莱昂兹•埃德尔(Lenz Eder)宣布大运会结束时表示，不管他们是否赢得了奖牌，这项赛事都让学生运动员的梦想成真，因为他们在这座城市的经历一直是金牌标准。根据后面的r nt 可知，此处应用whether引导让步状语从句， nt固定搭配，意为“无论是否……”。故填whether。
4.考查时态语态。句意：据大运会组织者介绍，这是世界上第一次在公园举行大型国际体育赛事的闭幕式。谓语动词hld与其逻辑主语之间是被动关系，再结合“It is the first time that...”的句型特征可知，此处应用现在完成时的被动语态。故填has been held。
5.考查非谓语动词。句意：组织者说:“这是为了让世界各地的观众对独特的成都留下美好的回忆，从那里他们开始了解中国并爱上了中国人民。”根据句意可知，此处应用不定式作目的状语。故填t leave。
6.考查定语从句。句意：组织者说:“这是为了让世界各地的观众对独特的成都留下美好的回忆，从那里他们开始了解中国并爱上了中国人民。”分析句子结构可知，which在此处引导非限制性定语从句，并在从句中作介词frm的宾语，先行词是a unique Chengdu，指物。故填which。
7.考查名词单复数。句意：来自113个国家和地区的6500名学生运动员参加了7月28日开幕的成都大运会18个项目的269个项目的比赛。根据数词113可知，此处名词应用复数形式。故填cuntries。
8.考查介词。句意：来自113个国家和地区的6500名学生运动员参加了7月28日开幕的成都奥运会18个项目的269个项目的比赛。cmpete in意为“参加比赛（或竞赛）”。故填in。
9.考查副词。句意：中国成功获得金牌103枚、银牌40枚、铜牌35枚。副词successfully在此处修饰动词gt。故填successfully。
10.考查词性转换。句意：在仪式上，国际大学生联合会旗帜被交给了德国莱茵-鲁尔的代表，莱茵-鲁尔将在2025年举办下一届世界大学生运动会。根据空前的不定冠词a可知，此处应用单数名词。故填representative。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 你所在的英语俱乐部正在开展以“Our Family, Our Lve”为主题的演讲比赛。你打算参赛，请写一篇演讲稿，内容包括：
1.你对家庭的理解；
2.如何创造充满爱的家庭氛围。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Hell, everyne.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thanks fr listening.
【答案】Hell, everyne. I’m hnred t share with yu the speech “Our Family, Our Lve“. In my view, families cme in all shapes and sizes, but they all share ne thing in cmmn: lve. A strng family bnd can prvide a sense f security, supprt and belnging, which are essential fr ur well-being.
Hwever, creating a lving family atmsphere can be challenging, especially in tday’s fast-paced wrld. We can try sme ways. First, it is imprtant fr family members t cmmunicate effectively, shw appreciatin and respect each ther’s differences. Besides, spending quality time tgether, such as sharing meals r engaging in activities, can als strengthen ur family bnds. In a wrd, lve can bring ur family clser tgether.
Thanks fr listening
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。你所在的英语俱乐部正在开展以“Our Family, Our Lve”为主题的演讲比赛。你打算参赛，请写一篇演讲稿，内容包括：1.你对家庭的理解；2.如何创造充满爱的家庭氛围。
【详解】1.词汇积累
在我看来：In my view→As far as I’m cncerned
提供：prvide→ffer
必要的：essential →necessary
重要的：imprtant→f imprtance
2句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：First, it is imprtant fr family members t cmmunicate effectively, shw appreciatin and respect each ther’s differences.
拓展句：First, what is imprtant fr family members is that we need t cmmunicate effectively, shw appreciatin and respect each ther’s differences.
【点睛】【高分句型1】A strng family bnd can prvide a sense f security, supprt and belnging, which are essential fr ur well-being.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】Hwever, creating a lving family atmsphere can be challenging, especially in tday’s fast-paced wrld.(运用了动名词作主语)
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I’ve frgtten almst everything abut my early childhd except the cncert, and my mther als remembers it.
When I was a five-year-ld by, I was learning t play the pian in a musical schl. One day, a famus pian master was said t hld a pian cncert in ur city. Wishing t encurage my prgress n the pian, my mther tk me t the cncert. After we were seated, my mther sptted a friend in the audience, wh she hadn’t met fr a lng time. S she tld me t stay in my psitin and then walked dwn the passage t greet her friend. My mther and her friend std chatting happily fr a while befre the perfrmance. Meanwhile, I was s excited t see the cncert stage that I std up and eventually made my way thrugh a dr marked “N Admittance” t explre the wnders f the cncert hall.
When the huse lights became dim and the cncert was abut t begin, my mther returned t her seat. And she discvered that I was missing. My mther said she felt really guilty at that time and that she said t herself, “It’s my fault. I shuldn’t have left my little sn alne in his place.” Cnfused and anxius, she lked arund, but I was nwhere t be seen. Suddenly, the curtain parted and sptlights fcused n the impressive pian n the stage.T her surprise, she saw me sitting by the keybard inncently playing Twinkle Twinkle Little Star n the pian.
At that mment, the pian master made his entrance. Seeing me, a little by, sitting at the center f the stage and playing the pian, he seemed t be cmpletely at a lss. But then he quickly mved t the pian and whispered in my ear, “Dn’t quit. Keep playing.” Leaning ver, he reached arund t the ther side f me and sn added a running bbligat (伴奏). Tgether, we transfrmed a frightening situatin int a creative experience. The audience had never seen such a perfrmance frm. They listened curiusly and attentively, lst in the wnderful music wrld.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右：
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
When the piece came t an end, the pian master breathed a sigh f relief.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
After the cncert, my mther and I waited fr the pian master backstage.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】When the piece came t an end, the pian master breathed a sigh f relief. He turned t me, hugged me and said, “My by, yu really did a gd jb.” He rse and tk me t the center f the stage. Warm and lud applause brke ut in the audience befre he culd say a wrd. Peple clapped and cheered fr ur wnderful cperatin. Excitedly and happily, I ran int my mther’s arms and tk my seat again. We listened t the music mre carefully and sat thrugh the cncert tgether.
After the cncert, my mther and I waited fr the pian master backstage. Seeing him cming, my mther came up t him and said aplgetically, “I take my little sn t yur cncert in the hpe that he can benefit frm it. I didn’t expect that he’d run t the stage...” He replied with a smile, “I like yur by. One day, he is ging t be smebdy.” Hearing the wrds, my mther was s relieved and tuched. Thanks t the master, I gt nt nly the chance t step n stage but als the cnfidence fr my future path f music.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了小时候妈妈带着作者去看音乐会，作者误走入舞台上弹钢琴的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“当这首曲子结束时，钢琴大师松了一口气。”可知，第一段可描写作者弹完钢琴后钢琴大师鼓励作者，观众也给作者鼓掌，作者很高兴。
②由第二段首句内容“音乐会结束后，我和妈妈在后台等钢琴大师。”可知，第二段可描写妈妈向钢琴大师道歉，大师很欣赏作者，认为作者以后会有所作为，多亏了大师，作者现在能登上舞台，而且对未来的音乐之路充满信心。
2.续写线索：弹完曲子——钢琴大师鼓励作者——观众鼓掌——高兴，回到座位上欣赏音乐——音乐会结束——向大师道歉——大师很欣赏作者——作者如今音乐有所作为
3.词汇激活
行为类
①拥抱某人：hug sb./give sb. a hug
②鼓掌：clap/applaud
③走近：cme up t/apprach
情绪类
①兴奋地：Excitedly/with excitement
②感动的： tuched/mved
【点睛】[高分句型1] Excitedly and happily, I ran int my mther’s arms and tk my seat again. （由副词作伴随状语）
[高分句型2]Seeing him cming, my mther came up t him and said aplgetically, “I take my little sn t yur cncert in the hpe that he can benefit frm it. （由现在分词作状语和that引导的同位语从句）
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