北京市顺义区第一中学2023-2024学年高二上学期12月月考英语试题（Word版附解析）

这是一份北京市顺义区第一中学2023-2024学年高二上学期12月月考英语试题（Word版附解析），共30页。试卷主要包含了5 分，满分 15 分)， A等内容，欢迎下载使用。

第一部分 知识运用(共两节，30 分)
第一节 完形填空(共 10 小题, 每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，掌握大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中，选出最佳答案，并在答题纸上将该选项涂黑。
A few weeks ag, I received a package cntaining seeds frm my friend. When I asked her what they wuld ___1___ int, a smile crssed her face. “Just plant them and be patient. Yu’ll see fr yurself ___2___!” she said.
I swed the seeds in a flwerpt. In the first few days, I was very excited t search fr the slightest signs, but ___3___ happened. With heavy lads f hmewrk, I began t feel sad and ___4___. Hw much I lnged fr the clr in my fast-paced life.
I watered the plants in dry perids. On the eighth day, t my great ___5___, a few light green spruts (新芽) appeared. Bending dwn and studying the plants, I culd almst hear them grwing. Mre days passed, and the flwerpt sn became ___6___ with criander (香菜) plants. Nw they are taller than the edge f the pt, cnstantly shaking their leaves in the gentle wind, as if they were merrily singing a sng f ___7___.
I am certain that after a few mre days, my plants will be ready fr___8___. These plants have played an imprtant part in ___9___ up my everyday life. They may nt be a main dish n ur table, but using sme will surely make ur dishes delicius.
Let us all slw ur pace dwn and be patient. S lng as we take steps t set ur hearts free, time and patience will ____10____ us with the pure pleasure f being alive in this lvely wrld.
1. A. grwB. runC. lkD. break
2. A. immediatelyB. finallyC. quicklyD. regularly
3. A. anythingB. everythingC. smethingD. nthing
4. A. shckedB. disappintedC. embarrassedD. scared
5 A. surpriseB. pityC. shameD. anxiety
6. A. packedB. linedC. crwdedD. piled
7. A. curageB. freedmC. interestD. relief
8. A. harvestB. lssC. sightsD. rest
9. A. pickingB. endingC. brighteningD. taking
10. A. impressB. assistC. surrundD. reward
第二节 语法填空(共 10 小题, 每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分)
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
The British must have really high standards. I was part f a student exchange prgramme between a university in England and my university in China. I had spent days ____11____ (prepare) fr my first English paper. I knew I did a gd jb and was lking frward t getting a psitive cmment. When I gt the paper back, I fund that my teacher ____12____ (write) the cmment “Nt bad!” Nt bad? But there weren’t any ____13____ (mistake) in my paper.
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
The Internatinal Day f Families, which ___14___ (name) by the United Natins in 1993, is held n May 15th every year. The day celebrates the ___15___ (imprtant) f families. It aims ___16___ (develp) peple’s understanding f issues that are related t families. With a different theme each year, the day is bserved with a wide range f events that are rganized at lcal, natinal and internatinal levels.
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Recently, in sme big cities, such as Beijing and Shanghai, balcny gardening ____17____ (be) ppular with residents, mst f ____18____ are in their 20s and 30s. Accrding t the reprt made by Tmall, balcny gardening is nw wrth tens f billins f yuan and extends frm seeds and sil t autmated grwing machines. Even a nvice (新手) can becme an urban farmer just ____19____ pushing buttns. Experts think ____20____ (grw) vegetables in balcny gardens is mre than just an achievement. It is becming a fashinable lifestyle and requires suitable equipment that is easy t use.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节 38 分)
第一节(共 15 小题, 每小题 2 分，共 30 分)
阅读下面短文，从各题 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳答案。并在答题纸上将该选项涂黑。
A
Explre yur wrld—Mirthy
Online events t help yu discver, learn and cnnect
Wh is Mirthy?
Mirthy is ne f the mst ppular websites fr nline events and already lved and trusted by mre than 45,000 peple. It was designed t create an inclusive cmmunity where peple can learn, share, and cnnect with thers thrugh a variety f events that are active, sciable, and uplifting. It’s all abut fulfilment and wellbeing.
There are sme nline events each mnth t try, frm craft wrkshps (手工工坊) t fitness sessins. Fr example, accrding t ur event calendar, this week yu can attend gardening classes and singing lessns. S whether yu have a desire t get fitter r t pick up a new skill—signing up fr classes and events with Mirthy culd be just what yu have been lking fr.
Hw des it wrk?
Sign up via the nline registratin frm at Mirthy.cm. Then yu can take a lk thrugh the calendar f upcming events and see what takes yur fancy.
Once yu register fr an event, yu will then receive a link n email ready fr yu t jin the live event. If yur plans change and yu can’t make it, yu will receive a link fr a 7-day replay that yu can watch at a time that is cnvenient fr yu!
Best f all, it’s cmpletely FREE t jin!
Jin Mirthy fr free tday, and yu can enjy any 4 events every mnth, fr free! If yu’re up fr mre, then yu can either select and bk additinal events n a pay-as-yu-g basis, nrmally fr £2.99 each, r yu can upgrade t the Premium membership giving yu full free access t all events fr nly £4.99 per mnth.
If yu chse t g fr the Premium membership, there’s n cntract. Yu simply upgrade yur membership and yu can cancel anytime.
21. Mirthy is intended t_________.
A. imprve peple’s fitnessB. rganize sciable events
C. prvide craft wrkshpsD. create an nline cmmunity
22. What can peple d at Mirthy this week?
A. Make art crafts.B. Talk abut fitness experience.
C. Learn sngs.D. Study wild plants and animals.
23. Which f the fllwing is true abut Mirthy?
A. Peple can sign up fr the events nline.
B. The events can be watched again at any time.
C. Peple can upgrade their membership fr free.
D. N mre than 4 events are ffered each mnth.
24. What’s the main purpse f this passage?
A. T share a lifestyle.
B. T recmmend a website.
C. T intrduce nline events.
D. T explain a registratin prcess.
B
Liu Jichen, funder and CEO f Clear Plate®, designed a mini-prgram that recgnizes empty plates and rewards users with pints. These pints can be exchanged fr gifts like bks and cellphnes, r better yet, they can be used t purchase charity meals dnated t pr children in rural areas f China.
In 2016, Liu, a then student f Tsinghua University, nticed a ppular campaign called “Leftver Party”, where peple brught their leftvers t eat tgether, intending t raise awareness f fd waste. Liu and his classmates rganized ne such event, which was attended by hundreds f peple. The success encuraged him t spread the cncept f reducing fd waste t a wider audience.
The idea f a mini-prgram struck him at a dinner in 2017 when Liu dined at a restaurant, which rewarded diners wh finished ff their fd. Liu fund that the restaurant wuld give these diners a card every time and ffer them small gifts when they cllected a certain number f cards. “Everyne wh values fd can enjy a sense f gain at a lwer cst,” Liu said, nting that such an idea culd be realized nline.
He frmed a team t wrk n the prject. Yet it was quite a challenge fr the AI system t identify the upladed phts. Liu and his team, assisted by mre than 1,000 thers, spent half a year cllecting ver 100,000 samples acrss the cuntry t train the digital brain.
“There were s many uncertainties in research and develpment. Fr ur team members the biggest challenge was whether we were cnfident enugh t cmplete it,” Liu said. They nt nly achieved their gal, but nw, the mini-prgram has mre than five millin registered users. “We hpe t inspire everyne t take actin against fd waste and t cntribute Chinese wisdm and slutins t glbal fd security challenges,” he added.
25. What inspired Liu Jichen t create the mini-prgram?
A. A restaurant’s practice.B. His interest in high tech.
C. A campaign cncept.D. His classmates’ advice.
26. What is the main aim f the mini-prgram?
A. T increase awareness f charity.
B. T encurage peple t save fd.
C. T cllect phts f empty plates.
D. T prmte bks and ther gifts.
27. Which f the fllwing wrds can best describe Liu Jichen?
A. Generus and ptimistic.B. Lving and easy-ging.
C. Determined and respnsible.D. Grateful and cnsiderate.
C
It is rightly said ne can share any secret with a true friend. He may knw yur deepest fears and weaknesses and yet will never take advantage f yu. Hwever, keeping a friend’s secrets t yurself and nt telling the wrld is what makes the bnd grw strng and last frever. Yu need t develp trust and mutual (互相的) understanding befre yu start sharing secrets with each ther. With friends, secret talks never seem t end and it can get really amusing t knw what has been ging n in yur friend’s mind.
There is a certain time in life especially frm the teenage years when ne starts having a persnal periphery (界限) in life and parents are excluded (排斥) frm it. It is because there are certain things that they can’t understand and we can’t discuss with them. That is when friends becme the best secret sharers. They are the nes t whm ne reveals ne’s feelings and best kept secrets.
It is a general belief that nly girls share secrets. But bys have their wn secrets that they discuss with nly clsest friends. The secret talks can range (变化) frm relatinships, talks abut fights with parents, secret activities and anything that is nt suppsed t be knwn t thers! If yu think secrets are limited t nly teenagers, get yur facts right! Secrets can be shared at any age and there is n hard and fast rule that secrets are shared nly amng yungsters.
Sharing secrets with a friend is nt just fun, but it als helps t develp a lasting trust in ne anther. Smetimes, sharing secrets will tell yu mre abut the persn. Yu will cme t knw whether yur friend is reliable and trustwrthy and whether it is wrth sharing yur secrets with them. Yu can call it a test f friendship.
28. What is an advantage f sharing secrets with a friend?
A. It helps a lt in yur study.
B. It leads yu t a carefree life.
C. It makes yu ppular with ther peple.
D. It cntributes t a lng-term mutual belief.
29. What des Paragraph 2 mainly try t shw?
A. Parents are always the best peple t share secrets with.
B. Teenagers prefer t share secrets with their friends.
C. Parents shuld build trust with teenagers.
D. Teenagers grw t be independent.
30. The underlined wrd “reveals” in paragraph 2 can be best replaced by ______.
A. prvesB. tells
C. getsD. hlds
31. What can be learned abut sharing secrets?
A It’s limited t girls.
B. It fllws strict rules.
C. It can happen at any age.
D. It des harm t a strng bnd.
D
Garbage cans are nt magical penings. Garbage des nt disappear when yu thrw it in a can. Yet, the average American thrws away abut 1,600 punds f waste each year. If there are n magical garbage fairies, where des it all g? There are fur methds f managing waste: recycling, landfilling, cmpsting, and incinerating. Each methd has its strengths and weaknesses. Let's take a quick lk at each.
Recycling is the prcess f turning waste int new materials. Fr example, used paper can be turned int paperbard, which can be used t make bk cvers. Recycling can reduce pllutin, save materials, and lwer energy use. Yet, sme argue that recycling wastes energy. They believe that cllecting, prcessing, and cnverting waste uses mre energy than it saves. Still, mst peple agree that recycling is better fr the planet than landfilling.
Landfilling is the ldest methd f managing waste. In its simplest frm, landfilling is when peple bury garbage in a hle. Over time the practice f landfilling has advanced. Garbage is squeezed (挤压) tgether befre it is thrwn int the hle. In this way mre garbage can fit in each landfill. Large liners are placed in the bttm f landfills s that pisnus garbage liquid desn't get int the grund water. Sadly, these liners dn't always wrk. Landfills may pllute the lcal water supply. Nt t mentin that all f that garbage smells hrrible. Nbdy wants t live next t a landfill. This makes it hard t find new lcatins fr landfills.
Because f all the negative attentin that landfilling has received, interest in cmpsting has grwn. Cmpsting is when peple pile up rganic matter, such as fd waste, and allw it t decmpse. The prduct f this decmpsitin is cmpst. Cmpst can be added t the sil t make the sil richer and better fr grwing crps.
One thing that is easier t d is burning garbage. There are tw main ways t incinerate waste. The first is t create r harvest a fuel frm the waste, such as methane gas (沼气), and burn the fuel. The secnd is t burn the waste directly. The heat frm the incineratin prcess can bil water, which can pwer steam generatrs. Unfrtunately, burning garbage pllutes the air. Als, sme critics wrry that incineratrs destry valuable resurces that culd be recycled.
Usually, the cmmunity in which yu live manages waste. Once yu put yur garbage in that can, what happens t it is beynd yur cntrl. But yu can make chices while it is still in yur hands. Yu can chse t recycle, yu can chse t cmpst, r yu can chse t let smene else deal with it. The chice is yurs.
32. Why des the authr mentin magical garbage fairies in the first paragraph?
A. T creatively supprt his argument with evidence.
B. T pint ut that garbage desn't disappear by itself.
C. T make the language mre attractive t please readers.
D. T draw attentin t different kinds f garbage thrwn away.
33. What can we learn frm the passage?
A. Sme think recycling is a waste f time.
B. Incineratin may destry recyclable resurces.
C. Finding new lcatins is the fcus f landfilling.
D. The purpse f a cmpst pile is t make sil rich.
34. Accrding t the passage, landfilling_____________________.
A. invlves burying garbage in a hleB. reduces the hrrible smells
C. squeezes garbage tgetherD. prtects grund water
35. Which f the fllwing culd be the best title fr this passage?
A. Magic: Bringing Back What Was Once Lst
B. Deal with the garbage: Which is Best fr Yu?
C. Methds f Waste Management: Advantages and Disadvantages
D. D Yur Part: Hw t Save the Earth by Recycling and Cmpsting
第二节 阅读回答问题 (共 4 小题;每小题 2 分，共 8 分)
阅读下面短文和问题，根据短文内容和每小题后的具体要求，在横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。
Wearing masks is widely believed t be a simple but useful methd t prtect neself frm a variety f harmful things. In fact, masks have been helping mankind fr centuries.
In the first century many peple in Rman Empire wrked undergrund in mines. But mst f them suffered frm and even eventually died f breathing illnesses. T wrk ut this prblem, Pliny the Elder, a Rman philspher (哲学家) and naturalist, recmmended the use f animal bladder (膀胱) skins t stp dust frm being breathed in. Thus, Pliny the Elder was cnsidered the inventr f the first recrded mask.
Early inventins did nt stp with Pliny. Arund the 16th century, Italian artist and inventr Lenard da Vinci suggested using a clth wetted in water ver the face t prtect against the pisnus chemicals (化学物质).
The design f the mask tk a big step frward in the 19th century. In 1848, American Lewis Hassley became the first persn t get the fficial right t prduce a prtective mask fr miners, which was a milestne in face mask histry. Masks at this stage were similar t gas masks. Later, in 1897, Plish-Austrian dctr Jhann vn Mikuliez-Radecki designed a simple mask made up f ne piece f medical gauze (纱布), recmmending medical wrkers t wear it t prevent getting diseases. That was the first recrded use f a medical mask.
In 1910, a terrible disease brke ut in Nrtheast China. Chinese dctr Wu Liande designed a cheap face mask called “Wu’s mask”, which was made f tw pieces f medical gauze. This mask was praised by experts arund the wrld, as it was simple and cheap t make.
With the happening f widely spreading diseases and the rise f air pllutin, the materials in masks have cntinued t develp t better prtect the wearers in mdern times. Fr example, mask mdels such as N95 and KN90, which can help prevent smg frm being breathed in, have becme highly ppular.
36 Wh was cnsidered the inventr f the first recrded mask? (不多于三个单词)
______________________________________________________________________
37. What was the first medical mask made f? (不多于两个单词)
______________________________________________________________________
38. Why was “Wu’s mask” praised by experts arund the wrld? (不多于八个单词)
______________________________________________________________________
39. What is the main idea f the passage? (不多于四个单词)
______________________________________________________________________
第三部分 词汇运用 (共 12 分)
一、选词填空(共 8 题;每小题 1 分，共 8 分)
根据句意，用所给单词或者词组的适当形式填空，请将正确形式完整地写在答题卡相应题号后的横线上。（注意：十选八）
40. Li Bai is ne f the mst ___________ pets in the Tang dynasty.
41. Fr sme peple getting rich is their ultimate gal and a __________ f success.
42. If yu want t be successful, yu really need t be passinate and __________ abut what yu d.
43. I think my sense f______________ cmes frm helping thers and finding true meaning in life.
44. J. K. Rwling’s wrks ___________ by publishers many times, but she didn’t give up.
45. This sentence desn’t ___________, s they culd hardly understand it.
46. If yu want t reach the winner’s platfrm, yu’d better ____________ yur sprt.
47. Jasn made a chice t ___________ all his mney t charities t help hmeless peple.
二、短文填空(共 4 小题;每小题 1 分，共 4 分)
根据课本内容填空，每空只填写一个词。
After ____48____ as an athlete in 1986, she became a successful vlleyball cach in the United States and Italy. Hwever, Lang Ping’s ____49____ t Chinese vlleyball brught her back hme. In 1995, she ____50____ t becme the cach f the wmen’s natinal team when the team was struggling. Under her ____51____, the team came back t the tp, winning the 2015 Wrld Cup.
第四部分：书面表达(20 分)
52. 根据题目所提出的具体要求，在答题卡上写出一篇连贯完整的短文。词数不少于60。
假如你是李华，得知来自英国的交换生Jack对学校的摄影俱乐部活动感兴趣。请参考下面提供的信息，写邮件向他介绍并邀请他参加。
邮件的开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入词数。（将开头结尾抄在答题卡上！）
· visit exhibitins f phtgraphy
· learn hw t appreciate pictures by famus phtgraphs
· attend lectures n hw t take eye-catching phts
· take part in a phtgraphy cmpetitin each term
· …
Dear Jack,
S glad t learn that yu are interested in the activities in ur schl phtgraphy club. Let me intrduce sme f them t yu.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best regards,
Li Hua
achievement cntribute determined reject symbl influential
apply neself t bil dwn t make sense give away
顺义一中 2023-2024 学年度第一学期 12 月月考
高二年级英语
第一部分 知识运用(共两节，30 分)
第一节 完形填空(共 10 小题, 每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，掌握大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中，选出最佳答案，并在答题纸上将该选项涂黑。
A few weeks ag, I received a package cntaining seeds frm my friend. When I asked her what they wuld ___1___ int, a smile crssed her face. “Just plant them and be patient. Yu’ll see fr yurself ___2___!” she said.
I swed the seeds in a flwerpt. In the first few days, I was very excited t search fr the slightest signs, but ___3___ happened. With heavy lads f hmewrk, I began t feel sad and ___4___. Hw much I lnged fr the clr in my fast-paced life.
I watered the plants in dry perids. On the eighth day, t my great ___5___, a few light green spruts (新芽) appeared. Bending dwn and studying the plants, I culd almst hear them grwing. Mre days passed, and the flwerpt sn became ___6___ with criander (香菜) plants. Nw they are taller than the edge f the pt, cnstantly shaking their leaves in the gentle wind, as if they were merrily singing a sng f ___7___.
I am certain that after a few mre days, my plants will be ready fr___8___. These plants have played an imprtant part in ___9___ up my everyday life. They may nt be a main dish n ur table, but using sme will surely make ur dishes delicius.
Let us all slw ur pace dwn and be patient. S lng as we take steps t set ur hearts free, time and patience will ____10____ us with the pure pleasure f being alive in this lvely wrld.
1. A. grwB. runC. lkD. break
2. A. immediatelyB. finallyC. quicklyD. regularly
3. A. anythingB. everythingC. smethingD. nthing
4. A. shckedB. disappintedC. embarrassedD. scared
5. A. surpriseB. pityC. shameD. anxiety
6 A. packedB. linedC. crwdedD. piled
7. A. curageB. freedmC. interestD. relief
8. A. harvestB. lssC. sightsD. rest
9. A. pickingB. endingC. brighteningD. taking
10. A. impressB. assistC. surrundD. reward
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D 4. B 5. A 6. C 7. B 8. A 9. C 10. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是作者将香菜种子种在花盆里，后来种子发芽，长成了香菜，点亮了作者的生活，这让作者意识到只要我们采取措施让我们的心灵自由，时间和耐心会给我们带来快乐。
【1题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我问她它们长大后会变成什么样子时，她脸上掠过一丝笑容。A. grw生长；B. run跑；C. lk看；D. break打破。由后文的“Just plant them and be patient. Yu’ll see fr yurself”可知，作者朋友叫作者把种子种下去耐心等待，说明作者问的是种子长大后会变成什么，故选A。
【2题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：你最终会亲眼看到的！A. immediately立刻；B. finally最后；C. quickly快速地；D. regularly有规律地。but表转折，由上文的“I asked her what they wuld ___1___ int”可知，作者想知道种子长大会变成什么，那应该要到最后才能看到，故选B。
【3题详解】
考查代词词义辨析。句意：在最初的几天里，我非常兴奋地寻找最轻微的迹象，但什么也没有发生。A. anything任何东西；B. everything所有东西；C. smething某些东西；D. nthing没有任何东西。由上文的“I was very excited t search fr the slightest signs”和but表转折可知，作者找种子发芽的迹象，但是却什么也没有发现，空格处是“没有任何东西”，故选D。
【4题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：沉重的家庭作业，我开始感到悲伤和失望。A. shcked震惊的；B. disappinted失望的；C. embarrassed尴尬的；D. scared害怕的。由“With heavy lads f hmewrk, I began t feel sad”和后面的“Hw much I lnged fr the clr in my fast-paced life”可知，家庭作业太多，种子没有发芽，而作者又需要色彩，作者觉得伤心和失望，故选B。
【5题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：第八天，让我大吃一惊的是，出现了几颗嫩绿的芽。A. surprise惊讶；B. pity同情；C. shame羞耻；D. anxiety焦虑。由后文的“a few light green spruts (新芽) appeared”可知，种子发芽了，作者应该觉得惊讶，t ne’s surprise意为“让某人惊讶的是”，故选A。
【6题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：几天过去了，花盆里很快摆满了香菜。A. packed打包；B. lined沿……形成行（或列、排）；C. crwded聚集；D. piled堆放。由第二段的“I swed the seeds in a flwerpt”和后文的“with criander (香菜) plants”可知，作者先前把种子种在花盆里，现在花盆里应该挤满了香菜，be crwded with意为“挤满”，故选C。
【7题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在它们比盆边还高了，它们的叶子在和风里不停地晃动着，好像在欢快地唱着一首自由的歌。A. curage勇气；B. freedm自由；C. interest兴趣；D. relief缓解。由上文的“cnstantly shaking their leaves in the gentle wind”可知，叶子在和风里不停地晃动着，给人感觉它们很自由，因此句子表示“好像在欢快地唱着一首自由的歌”，故选B。
【8题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我相信再过几天，我的植物就可以收获了。A. harvest收获；B. lss损失；C. sights视野；D. rest休息。由上文的“after a few mre days”可知，再过几天香菜应该是可以收获了，故选A。
【9题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些植物在点亮我的日常生活中起着重要的作用。A. picking挑选；B. ending结束；C. brightening照亮；D. taking拿走。由后文的“using sme will surely make ur dishes delicius”可知，香菜使菜肴更美味，因此是点亮了作者的生活，故选C。
【10题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：只要我们采取措施让我们的心灵自由，时间和耐心会回报我们生活在这个可爱的世界的纯粹的快乐。A. impress使留下深刻印象；B. assist帮助；C. surrund围绕；D. reward奖励。由上文的“S lng as we take steps t set ur hearts free, time and patience”和“with the pure pleasure f being alive in this lvely wrld”可知，句子表示“只要我们采取措施让我们的心灵自由，时间和耐心会回报我们生活在这个可爱的世界的纯粹的快乐”，因此空格处是“回报”，故选D。
第二节 语法填空(共 10 小题, 每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分)
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
The British must have really high standards. I was part f a student exchange prgramme between a university in England and my university in China. I had spent days ____11____ (prepare) fr my first English paper. I knew I did a gd jb and was lking frward t getting a psitive cmment. When I gt the paper back I fund that my teacher ____12____ (write) the cmment “Nt bad!” Nt bad? But there weren’t any ____13____ (mistake) in my paper.
【答案】11. preparing
12. had written

13. mistakes
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。“我”在英国做交换生时花了好多天准备了自己的第一篇英文论文，却从老师那里得到了让自己失望的评价。
【11题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：我花了几天时间准备我的第一篇英语论文。spend...(in) ding意为“花费……做某事”，此处用动名词作宾语。动词prepare意为“准备”。故填preparing。
【12题详解】
考查时态。句意：当我拿回试卷时，我发现我的老师已经写了评论“不错！”根据“I fund that”可知，此处是指发生在过去之前的事情，所以应用过去完成时。故填had written。
【13题详解】
考查可数名词的单复数。句意：但是我的论文没有任何错误。mistake意为“错误”，为可数名词，在any“一些”后应用复数形式。故填mistakes。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
The Internatinal Day f Families, which ___14___ (name) by the United Natins in 1993, is held n May 15th every year. The day celebrates the ___15___ (imprtant) f families. It aims ___16___ (develp) peple’s understanding f issues that are related t families. With a different theme each year, the day is bserved with a wide range f events that are rganized at lcal, natinal and internatinal levels.
【答案】14. was named
15. imprtance
16. t develp
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了国际家庭日于1993年由联合国确定，每年的5月15日为国际家庭日。这一天庆祝家庭的重要性。它的目的是促进人们对与家庭有关的问题的理解。每年这一天都有不同的主题，在地方、国家和国际各级组织各种各样的活动来纪念这一天。
【14题详解】
考查动词时态语态。句意：国际家庭日于1993年由联合国确定，每年的5月15日为国际家庭日。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词The Internatinal Day f Families，先行词在从句中作主语，根据后文in 1993可知用一般过去时，主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，谓语动词与先行词保持一致，用单数。故填was named。
【15题详解】
考查名词。句意：这一天庆祝家庭的重要性。空处作宾语，表示“重要性”应用名词imprtance，表抽象概念，不可数。故填imprtance。
【16题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：它的目的是促进人们对与家庭有关的问题的理解。结合句意表示“目的是……”短语为aim t d sth.。故填t develp。
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Recently, in sme big cities, such as Beijing and Shanghai, balcny gardening ____17____ (be) ppular with residents, mst f ____18____ are in their 20s and 30s. Accrding t the reprt made by Tmall, balcny gardening is nw wrth tens f billins f yuan and extends frm seeds and sil t autmated grwing machines. Even a nvice (新手) can becme an urban farmer just ____19____ pushing buttns. Experts think ____20____ (grw) vegetables in balcny gardens is mre than just an achievement. It is becming a fashinable lifestyle and requires suitable equipment that is easy t use.
【答案】17. has been
18. whm 19. by
20. grwing
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。最近，在北京和上海等一些大城市，阳台园艺受到居民的欢迎，文章对此现象进行了介绍。
【17题详解】
考查现在完成时和主谓一致。句意：最近，在北京和上海等一些大城市，阳台园艺受到居民欢迎，其中大多数是20多岁和30多岁的人。根据recently可知，此处应用现在完成时。主语balcny gardening为第三人称单数。故填has been。
【18题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：最近，在北京和上海等一些大城市，阳台园艺受到居民的欢迎，其中大多数是20多岁和30多岁的人。在非限制性定语从句中缺少介词f的宾语，且先行词为residents，所以应用关系代词whm。故填whm。
【19题详解】
考查介词。句意：即使是新手也可以通过按按钮成为城市农民。根据“Even a nvice (新手) can becme an urban farmer”和“pushing buttns”可知，此处是指通过按按钮，所以应用介词by表示“通过”。故填by。
【20题详解】
考查动名词。句意：专家认为，在阳台花园种植蔬菜不仅仅是一项成就。grw意为“种植”，此处作宾语从句的主语，应用动名词形式。故填grwing。
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节 38 分)
第一节(共 15 小题, 每小题 2 分，共 30 分)
阅读下面短文，从各题 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳答案。并在答题纸上将该选项涂黑。
A
Explre yur wrld—Mirthy
Online events t help yu discver, learn and cnnect
Wh is Mirthy?
Mirthy is ne f the mst ppular websites fr nline events and already lved and trusted by mre than 45,000 peple. It was designed t create an inclusive cmmunity where peple can learn, share, and cnnect with thers thrugh a variety f events that are active, sciable, and uplifting. It’s all abut fulfilment and wellbeing.
There are sme nline events each mnth t try, frm craft wrkshps (手工工坊) t fitness sessins. Fr example, accrding t ur event calendar, this week yu can attend gardening classes and singing lessns. S whether yu have a desire t get fitter r t pick up a new skill—signing up fr classes and events with Mirthy culd be just what yu have been lking fr.
Hw des it wrk?
Sign up via the nline registratin frm at Mirthy.cm. Then yu can take a lk thrugh the calendar f upcming events and see what takes yur fancy.
Once yu register fr an event, yu will then receive a link n email ready fr yu t jin the live event. If yur plans change and yu can’t make it, yu will receive a link fr a 7-day replay that yu can watch at a time that is cnvenient fr yu!
Best f all, it’s cmpletely FREE t jin!
Jin Mirthy fr free tday, and yu can enjy any 4 events every mnth, fr free! If yu’re up fr mre, then yu can either select and bk additinal events n a pay-as-yu-g basis, nrmally fr £2.99 each, r yu can upgrade t the Premium membership giving yu full free access t all events fr nly £4.99 per mnth.
If yu chse t g fr the Premium membership, there’s n cntract. Yu simply upgrade yur membership and yu can cancel anytime.
21. Mirthy is intended t_________.
A. imprve peple’s fitnessB. rganize sciable events
C. prvide craft wrkshpsD. create an nline cmmunity
22. What can peple d at Mirthy this week?
A. Make art crafts.B. Talk abut fitness experience.
C. Learn sngs.D. Study wild plants and animals.
23. Which f the fllwing is true abut Mirthy?
A. Peple can sign up fr the events nline.
B. The events can be watched again at any time.
C. Peple can upgrade their membership fr free.
D. N mre than 4 events are ffered each mnth.
24. What’s the main purpse f this passage?
A. T share a lifestyle.
B. T recmmend a website.
C. T intrduce nline events.
D. T explain a registratin prcess.
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. A 24. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。Mirthy是最受欢迎的在线活动网站之一，已经受到45000多人的喜爱和信任。文章对这个网站进行了推广和宣传。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Wh is Mirthy? 中“Mirthy is ne f the mst ppular websites fr nline events and already lved and trusted by mre than 45,000 peple. It was designed t create an inclusive cmmunity where peple can learn, share, and cnnect with thers thrugh a variety f events that are active, sciable, and uplifting.(Mirthy是最受欢迎的在线活动网站之一，已经受到超过45,000人的喜爱和信任。它旨在创造一个包容性的社区，人们可以通过各种活跃、社交和令人振奋的活动来学习、分享和与他人联系。)”可知，Mirthy的目的是创建一个在线社区。故选D。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据Wh is Mirthy?标题下第二段“Fr example，accrding t ur event calendar，this week yu can attend gardening classes and singing lessns. (例如，根据我们的活动日历，本周你可以参加园艺课和歌唱课。)”可知，本周人们可以在Mirthy学习歌曲。故选C。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据Hw des it wrk?标题下第一段“Sign up via the nline registratin frm at Mirthy.cm. （通过Mirthy.cm的在线注册表注册。）”可知，人们可以在线报名参加Mirthy的活动。故选A。
【24题详解】
目的意图题。根据标题Explre yur wrld — Mirthy （探索你的世界——Mirthy）和第一段“Mirthy is ne f the mst ppular websites fr nline events and already lved and trusted by mre than 45，000 peple. （Mirthy是最受欢迎的在线活动网站之一，已经受到45000多人的喜爱和信任。）”可知，这篇文章的目的是推荐一个网站。故选B。
B
Liu Jichen, funder and CEO f Clear Plate®, designed a mini-prgram that recgnizes empty plates and rewards users with pints. These pints can be exchanged fr gifts like bks and cellphnes, r better yet, they can be used t purchase charity meals dnated t pr children in rural areas f China.
In 2016, Liu, a then student f Tsinghua University, nticed a ppular campaign called “Leftver Party”, where peple brught their leftvers t eat tgether, intending t raise awareness f fd waste. Liu and his classmates rganized ne such event, which was attended by hundreds f peple. The success encuraged him t spread the cncept f reducing fd waste t a wider audience.
The idea f a mini-prgram struck him at a dinner in 2017 when Liu dined at a restaurant, which rewarded diners wh finished ff their fd. Liu fund that the restaurant wuld give these diners a card every time and ffer them small gifts when they cllected a certain number f cards. “Everyne wh values fd can enjy a sense f gain at a lwer cst,” Liu said, nting that such an idea culd be realized nline.
He frmed a team t wrk n the prject. Yet it was quite a challenge fr the AI system t identify the upladed phts. Liu and his team, assisted by mre than 1,000 thers, spent half a year cllecting ver 100,000 samples acrss the cuntry t train the digital brain.
“There were s many uncertainties in research and develpment. Fr ur team members, the biggest challenge was whether we were cnfident enugh t cmplete it,” Liu said. They nt nly achieved their gal, but nw, the mini-prgram has mre than five millin registered users. “We hpe t inspire everyne t take actin against fd waste and t cntribute Chinese wisdm and slutins t glbal fd security challenges,” he added.
25. What inspired Liu Jichen t create the mini-prgram?
A. A restaurant’s practice.B. His interest in high tech.
C. A campaign cncept.D. His classmates’ advice.
26. What is the main aim f the mini-prgram?
A. T increase awareness f charity.
B. T encurage peple t save fd.
C. T cllect phts f empty plates.
D. T prmte bks and ther gifts.
27. Which f the fllwing wrds can best describe Liu Jichen?
A. Generus and ptimistic.B. Lving and easy-ging.
C. Determined and respnsible.D. Grateful and cnsiderate.
【答案】25. A 26. B 27. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了Clear Plate®的创始人兼首席执行官刘继臣创办小程序激励大家采取行动反对粮食浪费的故事。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“The idea f a mini-prgram struck him at a dinner in 2017 when Liu dined at a restaurant, which rewarded diners wh finished ff their fd. ”（在2017年的一次晚宴上，他想到了小程序的想法，当时刘继臣在一家餐厅吃饭，这家餐厅奖励吃完食物的人。）可知，刘继臣创作这个小程序的灵感来自一家餐馆的做法。故选A。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“We hpe t inspire everyne t take actin against fd waste and t cntribute Chinese wisdm and slutins t glbal fd security challenges”（我们希望激励大家采取行动，反对粮食浪费，为全球粮食安全挑战贡献中国智慧和解决方案）可知，这个小程序的主要目的是鼓励人们节省粮食。故选B。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句“Fr ur team members, the biggest challenge was whether we were cnfident enugh t cmplete it”（对于我们的团队成员来说，最大的挑战是我们是否有足够的信心去完成它）和第三句“They nt nly achieved their gal, but nw, the mini-prgram has mre than five millin registered users.”（他们不仅实现了他们的目标，而且现在，这个小程序已经拥有超过500万的注册用户。）可知，刘继臣和他的团队面对巨大的挑战满怀信心并达成目标，所以刘继臣是一个很有决心的人。根据最后一段最后一句“We hpe t inspire everyne t take actin against fd waste and t cntribute Chinese wisdm and slutins t glbal fd security challenges”（我们希望激励大家采取行动，反对粮食浪费，为全球粮食安全挑战贡献中国智慧和解决方案）可知，刘继臣创办小程序来鼓励大家采取行动，反对粮食浪费，是一个很有责任心的人。故选C。
C
It is rightly said ne can share any secret with a true friend. He may knw yur deepest fears and weaknesses and yet will never take advantage f yu. Hwever, keeping a friend’s secrets t yurself and nt telling the wrld is what makes the bnd grw strng and last frever. Yu need t develp trust and mutual (互相的) understanding befre yu start sharing secrets with each ther. With friends, secret talks never seem t end and it can get really amusing t knw what has been ging n in yur friend’s mind.
There is a certain time in life especially frm the teenage years when ne starts having a persnal periphery (界限) in life and parents are excluded (排斥) frm it. It is because there are certain things that they can’t understand and we can’t discuss with them. That is when friends becme the best secret sharers. They are the nes t whm ne reveals ne’s feelings and best kept secrets.
It is a general belief that nly girls share secrets. But bys have their wn secrets that they discuss with nly clsest friends. The secret talks can range (变化) frm relatinships, talks abut fights with parents, secret activities and anything that is nt suppsed t be knwn t thers! If yu think secrets are limited t nly teenagers, get yur facts right! Secrets can be shared at any age and there is n hard and fast rule that secrets are shared nly amng yungsters.
Sharing secrets with a friend is nt just fun, but it als helps t develp a lasting trust in ne anther. Smetimes, sharing secrets will tell yu mre abut the persn. Yu will cme t knw whether yur friend is reliable and trustwrthy and whether it is wrth sharing yur secrets with them. Yu can call it a test f friendship.
28. What is an advantage f sharing secrets with a friend?
A. It helps a lt in yur study.
B. It leads yu t a carefree life.
C. It makes yu ppular with ther peple.
D. It cntributes t a lng-term mutual belief.
29. What des Paragraph 2 mainly try t shw?
A. Parents are always the best peple t share secrets with.
B. Teenagers prefer t share secrets with their friends.
C Parents shuld build trust with teenagers.
D. Teenagers grw t be independent.
30. The underlined wrd “reveals” in paragraph 2 can be best replaced by ______.
A. prvesB. tells
C. getsD. hlds
31. What can be learned abut sharing secrets?
A. It’s limited t girls.
B. It fllws strict rules.
C. It can happen at any age.
D. It des harm t a strng bnd.
【答案】28. D 29. B 30. B 31. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了人在成长过程中总有一些连父母都不能交流的事情，此时只有和真正的朋友才可以分享自己的秘密，这样可以解决一些自己不能解决的问题，也可以考验真正的友谊。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句Sharing secrets with a friend is nt just fun, but it als helps t develp a lasting trust in ne anther. （与朋友分享秘密不仅有趣，还有助于建立彼此间持久的信任。）可知与朋友分享秘密的好处在于它有助于建立长期的相互信任。故选D。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段第一句There is a certain time in life especially frm the teenage years when ne starts having a persnal periphery in life and parents are excluded frm it.（人生中总有那么一段时间，尤其是在青少年时期，一个人开始有了自己的生活圈子，而父母却被排除在外。）和That is when friends becme the best secret sharers.可知第二段主要试图表明青少年更喜欢和他们的朋友分享秘密。故选B。
【30题详解】
词义猜测题。根据上文That is when friends becme the best secret sharers. 这就是朋友成为最好的秘密分享者的时候。可知青少年喜欢将自己的感情和秘密告诉自己的朋友，故可推测划线单词意思为“告诉；说”。故选B。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中Secrets can be shared at any age and there is n hard and fast rule that secrets are shared nly amng yungsters.（秘密可以在任何年龄分享，也没有严格的规定秘密只能在年轻人之间分享。）可知分享秘密可以发生在任何年龄。故选C。
【点睛】关于词义猜测题做题技巧。词义猜测题是阅读理解中常见的一种题型，主要有对生词的词义猜测，熟词新义以及代词的猜测。其关键是根据上下文的逻辑关系，利用已掌握的信息，有必要的时候，借助生活或者文化常识，确定单词的词义。如第三小题，根据上文That is when friends becme the best secret sharers. 这就是朋友成为最好的秘密分享者的时候。可知青少年喜欢将自己的感情和秘密告诉自己的朋友，故可推测划线单词意思为“告诉；说”。故选B。
D
Garbage cans are nt magical penings. Garbage des nt disappear when yu thrw it in a can. Yet, the average American thrws away abut 1,600 punds f waste each year. If there are n magical garbage fairies, where des it all g? There are fur methds f managing waste: recycling, landfilling, cmpsting, and incinerating. Each methd has its strengths and weaknesses. Let's take a quick lk at each.
Recycling is the prcess f turning waste int new materials. Fr example, used paper can be turned int paperbard, which can be used t make bk cvers. Recycling can reduce pllutin, save materials, and lwer energy use. Yet, sme argue that recycling wastes energy. They believe that cllecting, prcessing, and cnverting waste uses mre energy than it saves. Still, mst peple agree that recycling is better fr the planet than landfilling.
Landfilling is the ldest methd f managing waste. In its simplest frm, landfilling is when peple bury garbage in a hle. Over time the practice f landfilling has advanced. Garbage is squeezed (挤压) tgether befre it is thrwn int the hle. In this way mre garbage can fit in each landfill. Large liners are placed in the bttm f landfills s that pisnus garbage liquid desn't get int the grund water. Sadly, these liners dn't always wrk. Landfills may pllute the lcal water supply. Nt t mentin that all f that garbage smells hrrible. Nbdy wants t live next t a landfill. This makes it hard t find new lcatins fr landfills.
Because f all the negative attentin that landfilling has received, interest in cmpsting has grwn. Cmpsting is when peple pile up rganic matter, such as fd waste, and allw it t decmpse. The prduct f this decmpsitin is cmpst. Cmpst can be added t the sil t make the sil richer and better fr grwing crps.
One thing that is easier t d is burning garbage. There are tw main ways t incinerate waste. The first is t create r harvest a fuel frm the waste, such as methane gas (沼气), and burn the fuel. The secnd is t burn the waste directly. The heat frm the incineratin prcess can bil water, which can pwer steam generatrs. Unfrtunately, burning garbage pllutes the air. Als, sme critics wrry that incineratrs destry valuable resurces that culd be recycled.
Usually, the cmmunity in which yu live manages waste. Once yu put yur garbage in that can, what happens t it is beynd yur cntrl. But yu can make chices while it is still in yur hands. Yu can chse t recycle, yu can chse t cmpst, r yu can chse t let smene else deal with it. The chice is yurs.
32. Why des the authr mentin magical garbage fairies in the first paragraph?
A. T creatively supprt his argument with evidence.
B T pint ut that garbage desn't disappear by itself.
C. T make the language mre attractive t please readers.
D. T draw attentin t different kinds f garbage thrwn away.
33. What can we learn frm the passage?
A. Sme think recycling is a waste f time.
B. Incineratin may destry recyclable resurces.
C. Finding new lcatins is the fcus f landfilling.
D. The purpse f a cmpst pile is t make sil rich.
34. Accrding t the passage, landfilling_____________________.
A. invlves burying garbage in a hleB. reduces the hrrible smells
C. squeezes garbage tgetherD. prtects grund water
35. Which f the fllwing culd be the best title fr this passage?
A. Magic: Bringing Back What Was Once Lst
B. Deal with the garbage: Which is Best fr Yu?
C. Methds f Waste Management: Advantages and Disadvantages
D. D Yur Part: Hw t Save the Earth by Recycling and Cmpsting
【答案】32. B 33. B 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了垃圾处理的四种方法及其优缺点。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“If there are n magical garbage fairies, where des it all g? Garbage des nt disappear when yu thrw it in a can. （如果没有魔法垃圾仙子，它们都去哪了?你把垃圾扔进垃圾桶它是不会消失的）”可推断，作者提出魔法垃圾仙子为了指出垃圾不会自己消失，从而引出下文垃圾的四种处理方式。故选B项。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第五段“Als, sme critics wrry that incineratrs destry valuable resurces that culd be recycled.（此外，一些批评人士担心焚烧炉会破坏有价值的可回收资源。）”可知，焚烧垃圾会破坏有价值的可回收资源。故选B项。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“In its simplest frm, landfilling is when peple bury garbage in a hle.（最简单的填埋方式就是人们把垃圾埋在一个洞里。）”可知，填埋就是把垃圾埋在一个洞里。故选A项。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“There are fur methds f managing waste: recycling, landfilling, cmpsting, and incinerating. Each methd has its strengths and weaknesses.（有四种处理废物的方法：回收、填埋、堆肥和焚烧。每种方法都有其优缺点。让我们快速浏览一下每一个。）”及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了垃圾处理的四种方法及其优缺点。C项“处理垃圾的方法：优点和缺点”课作为本文标题。故选C项。
第二节 阅读回答问题 (共 4 小题;每小题 2 分，共 8 分)
阅读下面短文和问题，根据短文内容和每小题后的具体要求，在横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。
Wearing masks is widely believed t be a simple but useful methd t prtect neself frm a variety f harmful things. In fact, masks have been helping mankind fr centuries.
In the first century, many peple in Rman Empire wrked undergrund in mines. But mst f them suffered frm and even eventually died f breathing illnesses. T wrk ut this prblem, Pliny the Elder, a Rman philspher (哲学家) and naturalist, recmmended the use f animal bladder (膀胱) skins t stp dust frm being breathed in. Thus, Pliny the Elder was cnsidered the inventr f the first recrded mask.
Early inventins did nt stp with Pliny. Arund the 16th century, Italian artist and inventr Lenard da Vinci suggested using a clth wetted in water ver the face t prtect against the pisnus chemicals (化学物质).
The design f the mask tk a big step frward in the 19th century. In 1848, American Lewis Hassley became the first persn t get the fficial right t prduce a prtective mask fr miners, which was a milestne in face mask histry. Masks at this stage were similar t gas masks. Later, in 1897, Plish-Austrian dctr Jhann vn Mikuliez-Radecki designed a simple mask made up f ne piece f medical gauze (纱布), recmmending medical wrkers t wear it t prevent getting diseases. That was the first recrded use f a medical mask.
In 1910, a terrible disease brke ut in Nrtheast China. Chinese dctr Wu Liande designed a cheap face mask called “Wu’s mask”, which was made f tw pieces f medical gauze. This mask was praised by experts arund the wrld, as it was simple and cheap t make.
With the happening f widely spreading diseases and the rise f air pllutin, the materials in masks have cntinued t develp t better prtect the wearers in mdern times. Fr example, mask mdels such as N95 and KN90, which can help prevent smg frm being breathed in, have becme highly ppular.
36. Wh was cnsidered the inventr f the first recrded mask? (不多于三个单词)
______________________________________________________________________
37. What was the first medical mask made f? (不多于两个单词)
______________________________________________________________________
38. Why was “Wu’s mask” praised by experts arund the wrld? (不多于八个单词)
______________________________________________________________________
39. What is the main idea f the passage? (不多于四个单词)
______________________________________________________________________
【答案】36. Pliny the Elder.
37. Medical gauze.
38. Because it was simple and cheap t make.
39. The histry f masks.
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。人们普遍认为戴口罩是保护自己免受各种有害物质侵害的一种简单而有用的方法，文章介绍了口罩的发展历史。
【36题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第二段最后一句“Thus, Pliny the Elder was cnsidered the inventr f the first recrded mask.(因此，老普林尼被认为是第一个有记载的口罩的发明者。)”可知，老普林尼被认为是第一个有记载的口罩的发明者。根据要求可知，答案应不多于三个单词。故答案为Pliny the Elder.
【37题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第四段第四句“Later, in 1897, Plish-Austrian dctr Jhann vn Mikuliez-Radecki designed a simple mask made up f ne piece f medical gauze (纱布), recmmending medical wrkers t wear it t prevent getting diseases.(后来，在1897年，波兰奥地利医生Jhann vn Mikuliez-Radecki设计了一种由一块医用纱布组成的简单口罩，建议医务工作者佩戴它来预防疾病。)”可知，第一个医用口罩是由医用纱布做成的。根据要求可知，答案应不多于两个单词。故答案为Medical gauze.
【38题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第五段最后一句“This mask was praised by experts arund the wrld, as it was simple and cheap t make.(这款口罩制作简单，成本低廉，受到了世界各地专家的好评。)”可知，“吴氏口罩”受到世界各地专家的好评是因为制作简单成本低廉。根据要求可知，答案应不多于八个单词。故答案为Because it was simple and cheap t make.
【39题详解】
考查主旨大意。根据第二段最后一句“Thus, Pliny the Elder was cnsidered the inventr f the first recrded mask.(因此，老普林尼被认为是第一个有记载的口罩的发明者。)”，第三段“Early inventins did nt stp with Pliny. Arund the 16th century, Italian artist and inventr Lenard da Vinci suggested using a clth wetted in water ver the face t prtect against the pisnus chemicals (化学物质).(早期的发明并没有在普林尼这里停止。大约在16世纪，意大利艺术家和发明家列奥纳多·达·芬奇建议用一块浸湿了水的布盖在脸上，以防止有毒的化学物质。)”，第四段第一句“The design f the mask tk a big step frward in the 19th century.(口罩的设计在19世纪向前迈进了一大步。)”，第五段前两句“In 1910, a terrible disease brke ut in Nrtheast China. Chinese dctr Wu Liande designed a cheap face mask called “Wu’s mask”, which was made f tw pieces f medical gauze.(1910年，一场可怕的疾病在中国东北爆发。中国医生吴连德设计了一种廉价的口罩，名为“吴氏口罩”，由两片医用纱布制成。)”和最后一段第一句“With the happening f widely spreading diseases and the rise f air pllutin, the materials in masks have cntinued t develp t better prtect the wearers in mdern times.(随着疾病的广泛传播和空气污染的加剧，口罩的材料不断发展，以便在现代更好地保护佩戴者。)”可知，文章主要是讲口罩的历史。根据要求可知，答案应不多于四个单词。故答案为The histry f masks.
第三部分 词汇运用 (共 12 分)
一、选词填空(共 8 题;每小题 1 分，共 8 分)
根据句意，用所给单词或者词组的适当形式填空，请将正确形式完整地写在答题卡相应题号后的横线上。（注意：十选八）
40. Li Bai is ne f the mst ___________ pets in the Tang dynasty.
41. Fr sme peple getting rich is their ultimate gal and a __________ f success.
42. If yu want t be successful, yu really need t be passinate and __________ abut what yu d.
43. I think my sense f______________ cmes frm helping thers and finding true meaning in life.
44. J. K. Rwling’s wrks ___________ by publishers many times, but she didn’t give up.
45. This sentence desn’t ___________, s they culd hardly understand it.
46. If yu want t reach the winner’s platfrm, yu’d better ____________ yur sprt.
47. Jasn made a chice t ___________ all his mney t charities t help hmeless peple.
【答案】40. influential
41. symbl 42. determined
43. achievement
44. had been rejected
45. make sense
46. apply yurself t
47. give away
【解析】
【40题详解】
考查形容词。句意：李白是唐代最有影响的诗人之一。根据Li Bai可知，此处是指唐代最有影响的诗人之一，所以应用形容词influential表示“有影响力的”作定语。故填influential。
【41题详解】
考查名词。句意：对一些人来说，致富是他们的终极目标，也是成功的象征。根据“Fr sme peple getting rich is their ultimate gal”可知，此处是指致富是成功的象征，所以应用名词symbl表示“象征”作表语。故填symbl。
【42题详解】
考查形容词。句意：如果你想成功，你真的需要对你所做的事情充满激情和决心。根据“If yu want t be successful, yu really need t be passinate”可知，此处是指对你做的事情充满决心，所以应用形容词determined表示“充满决心的”作表语。故填determined。
【43题详解】
考查名词。句意：我认为我的成就感来自于帮助别人和找到生活的真正意义。根据“cmes frm helping thers and finding true meaning in life”可知，此处是指成就感，所以应用名词achievement表示“成就”作宾语。故填achievement。
【44题详解】
考查动词。句意：J. K. 罗琳的作品曾多次被出版商拒绝，但她没有放弃。根据“but she didn’t give up”可知，此处是指曾多次被出版商拒绝，且此处描述发生在过去之前的事情，所以应用过去完成时。根据“by publishers”可知，此处应用被动语态。动词reject意为“拒绝”，符合语境。故填had been rejected。
【45题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：这个句子表述不清，所以他们几乎听不懂。根据“s they culd hardly understand it”可知，此处是指这个句子表述不清，所以应用动词短语make sense表示“表述清楚”。在助动词des后动词应用原形。故填make sense。
【46题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：如果你想登上领奖台，你最好全身心投入到你的运动中去。根据“If yu want t reach the winner’s platfrm”可知，此处是指全身心投入到运动中去，所以应用动词短语apply neself t表示“全身心投入”。根据主语yu可知，反身代词应用yurself。had better d意为“最好做某事”。故填apply yurself t。
【47题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：杰森决定把他所有的钱都捐给慈善机构，帮助无家可归的人。根据“t help hmeless peple”可知，此处是指把他所有的钱都捐给慈善机构，所以应用动词短语give away表示“赠送”。make a chice t d意为“选择做某事”，此处应用t d不定式。故填give away。
二、短文填空(共 4 小题;每小题 1 分，共 4 分)
根据课本内容填空，每空只填写一个词。
After ____48____ as an athlete in 1986, she became a successful vlleyball cach in the United States and Italy. Hwever, Lang Ping’s ____49____ t Chinese vlleyball brught her back hme. In 1995, she ____50____ t becme the cach f the wmen’s natinal team when the team was struggling. Under her ____51____, the team came back t the tp, winning the 2015 Wrld Cup.
【答案】48. retiring
49. cmmitment 50. returned
51. leadership
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。郎平在退役后到国外当教练，后来从国外回归祖国，成为中国女排的教练，在她的带领下，中国女排重回巅峰赢得了2015年世界杯冠军。
【48题详解】
考查动词和动名词。句意：1986年退役后，她在美国和意大利成为了一名成功的排球教练。根据“she became a successful vlleyball cach in the United States and Italy”可知，此处是指退役后，所以应用动词retire表示“退休”，在介词after后应用动名词形式作宾语。故填retiring。
【49题详解】
考查名词。句意：然而，郎平对中国排球的投入让她回到了家乡。根据“t Chinese vlleyball brught her back hme”可知，此处是指对中国排球的投入，所以应用名词cmmitment表示“投入，奉献”作主语。故填cmmitment。
【50题详解】
考查动词和一般过去时。句意：1995年，在中国女排举步维艰的时候，她回到中国，成为女排的教练。根据“t becme the cach f the wmen’s natinal team”可知，此处是指回到中国，所以应用动词return表示“返回”。根据“In 1995”可知，此处应用一般过去时。故填returned。
【51题详解】
考查名词。句意：在她的带领下，球队重回巅峰，赢得了2015年世界杯冠军。根据“Under her”可知，此处是指在她的带领下，所以应用名词leadership表示“带领”作宾语。故填leadership。
第四部分：书面表达(20 分)
52. 根据题目所提出的具体要求，在答题卡上写出一篇连贯完整的短文。词数不少于60。
假如你是李华，得知来自英国的交换生Jack对学校的摄影俱乐部活动感兴趣。请参考下面提供的信息，写邮件向他介绍并邀请他参加。
邮件的开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入词数。（将开头结尾抄在答题卡上！）
· visit exhibitins f phtgraphy
· learn hw t appreciate pictures by famus phtgraphs
· attend lectures n hw t take eye-catching phts
· take part in a phtgraphy cmpetitin each term
· …
Dear Jack,
S glad t learn that yu are interested in the activities in ur schl phtgraphy club. Let me intrduce sme f them t yu.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best regards,
Li Hua
【答案】One pssible versin:
Dear Jack,
S glad t learn that yu are interested in the activities in ur schl phtgraphy club. Let me intrduce sme f them t yu.
In ur phtgraphy club, we prvide varius activities fr members t enjy. We ften rganize trips t visit exhibitins f phtgraphy, where yu can admire beautiful pictures taken by famus phtgraphers. It’s a great pprtunity t learn hw t appreciate different styles and techniques. What’s mre, we ffer lectures n hw t take eye-catching phts. Prfessinal phtgraphers will share their experiences and teach yu valuable phtgraphy skills. Last but nt least, we hld a phtgraphy cmpetitin each term, giving members the pprtunity t shwcase their talents.
I wuld like t invite yu t jin ur club. I’m sure yu will have a fantastic experience and make new friends wh share the same passin.
Best regards,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。题目要求考生给来自英国的交换生Jack写一封邮件，需根据提供的信息向他介绍学校的摄影俱乐部活动，并邀请他加入俱乐部。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
提供：prvide→ffer, give, present
此外：what’s mre→in additin, mrever, besides
宝贵的：valuable→precius, priceless
展示：shwcase→display, demnstrate
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Last but nt least, we hld a phtgraphy cmpetitin each term, giving members the pprtunity t shwcase their talents.
拓展句：Last but nt least, we hld a phtgraphy cmpetitin each term, which gives members the pprtunity t shwcase their talents.
【点睛】[高分句型1] We ften rganize trips t visit exhibitins f phtgraphy, where yu can admire beautiful pictures taken by famus phtgraphers. (运用了关系副词where引导非限制性定语从句、过去分词短语taken by…作后置定语)
[高分句型2] I’m sure yu will have a fantastic experience and make new friends wh share the same passin. (运用了连接词that引导宾语从句并被省略、关系代词wh引导限制性定语从句)
achievement cntribute determined reject symbl influential
apply neself t bil dwn t make sense give away