【精品同步练习】译林版英语八年级复习Unit 2 单元知识点详解（带答案）

这是一份【精品同步练习】译林版英语八年级复习Unit 2 单元知识点详解（带答案），共15页。
8A Unit 2 单元知识解析Comic strip1.They have to work harder.他们必须更加努力学习。 (教材第18页)(1 )have to 意为“必须，不得不”，后接动词原形。第三人称单数形式是has to;过去时态用had to;将来时态用will have to。We have to walk home.我们不得不步行回家。Jim has to stay at home and look after his little sister.吉姆得待在家里照顾妹妹。辨析:have to与musthave to侧重客观上的“必须”,比must有更多变化,否定形式要借助助动词来构成，即don't have to/doesn't have to/didn't have to /won't have to,意为“不必”must侧重于个人意志和主观上的“必须”，无人称和数的变化，可用来表示现在和将来的时态，否定形式是mustn't,来，意为“禁止，不许” I have to study hard. 我不得不努力学习。I must study hard. 我必须努力学习。(2)hard 此处用作副词，意为“努力地”。harder是hard的比较级。We should study hard.我们应该努力学习。[拓展]①hard可作形容词，意为“困难的;坚硬的"。意为“困难的"时，其同义词为difficult,其反义词为easy。It's hard to answer these questions.回答这些问题很困难。The stones are too hard.这些石头太硬了。②hard作副词时, 还可意为“大量地;费力地”。I's raining hard.雨下得很大。2. It's like watching TV, but there are fewer advertisements.它就像看电视，只不过广告更少些。(教材第18页)(1)like此处用作介词， 意为“像”，后接名词、代词或动词的-ing形式。be like 意为“像”，多指性格、品质方面相像，也可指外貌或外表上的相像;look like意为“看起来像”，侧重外表上相像。---What's your father like?你爸爸是个怎样的人?---He's very generous.他很慷慨。---What does your father look like?你爸爸长什么样?---He's tall with short hair.他高个子，留着短发。[拓展] like 用作及物动词时,意为“喜欢”，其后可跟动词的-ing 形式或动词不定式作宾语,表示“喜欢做某事”。试比较:It's like listening to music.那就像听音乐。(介词)I like listening to music.我喜欢听音乐。( 动词)(2)fewer是 few的比较级，意为“更少的”，修饰可数名词复数。Fewer people smoke now.现在吸烟的人更少了。的 辨析: few,a few, little与a littleThere re few people in the room.房间里几乎没有人。I have a few friends in America.我在美国有几个朋友。There's little water in the glass.玻璃杯里几乎没有水。注意quite a few意为“相当多”。She knows a little English.她懂一点儿英语。中考·链接The physics problem is too hard, so__________students can work it out.A. little B. few C. a little D. a few解析:我们可用“用法辨析法”和“逻辑推理法”解答此题。little 修饰不可数名词，表示否定意义;few修饰可数名词复数,表示否定意义;a little修饰不可数名词，表示肯定意义;a few修饰可数名词复数，表示肯定意义。students 是可数名词复数形式，所以排除A、C两项;根据前一部分句意“这道物理题太难了”可推知，几乎没有学生能做出来。故选B。 答案:B(3) advertisement可数名词， 意为“广告”，也可写作ad。an advertisement for...意为“则....的广告”。The Sunday papers are full of advertisements for cars.周日报纸上全是汽车广告。Welcome to the unit1.British English英式英语(教材第19页)British此处用作形容词， 意为“英国的”。与the连用构成the British,意为“(全体)英国人”They are British students.他们是英国学生。The British are polite.英国人很有礼貌。2. vacation 假期(教材第19页)vacation用作可数名词或不可数名词，意为“假日，假期”，多用于美式英语，而英式英语中常用holiday。be on vacation‘在度假，go on vacation“去度假”, take a vacation“度假”，the winter/summer vacation‘寒/ 暑假”。How was your vacation?你的假期怎么样?Mr Wang was on vacation last month. 上个月王先生在度假。They are going to England to spend their summer vacation.，他们打算去英格兰度暑假。3. fall秋天(教材第19页)fall此处用作名词，意为“秋天”，多用于美式英语，英式英语中用autumn。I like fall best of the four seasons.四个季节之中我最喜欢秋天。[拓展]fall可数名词，意为“瀑布”,常用复数形式。Look! How beautiful the falls are!看!瀑布多美啊!4.I'm going to buy a toy lorry for my cousin in the shop near our school.我要去我们学校附近的商店为我的表弟买一辆玩具卡车。( 教材第19页)buy sth.for sb.意为“给某人买某物”， 与buy sb. sth.同义。My mother will buy a new coat for me. =My mother will buy me anew coat.我妈妈将给我买一件新外套。What are you going to buy for your teacher?你打算给你的老师买什么?注意：如果直接宾语是代词，只能用buy sth. for sb.结构。I will buy it for you.我将给你买它。[拓展]类似用法的短语还有:pass sth. to sb. =pass sb. sth.递给某人某物give sth. to sb. =give sb. sth.给某人某物show sth. to sb. =show sb. sth.给某人看某物offer sth. to sb. =offer sb. sth.给某人提供某物make sth. for sb. =make sb. sth. 为某人制作某物5. I'd like to buy some biscuits.我想买一 些饼干。 (教材第19页)would like 意为“想要”，在意思上相当于want,但在语气上比want委婉，常用于口语中。would 是情态动词，没有人称和数的变化。would like主要有以下用法:①would like sth.想要某物I would like some apples.我想要些苹果。②would like to do sth.想要做某事He would like to eat some bananas.他想吃些香蕉。③would like sb. to do sth.想要某人做某事What would you like me to do?你想要我做什么?[拓展]①"Would you like sth.?"句型的肯定回答常用"Yes, please.",否定回答常用“No,thanks.” 。----Would you like some tea?你想喝点儿茶吗?---Yes , please. /No, thanks. 好的，请来一点儿。/不谢谢 好的，请来一点儿。/不，谢谢。②“Would you like to do sth.?"句型的肯定回答常用“Yes, I'd love/like to.”,否定回答常用“I'd love/like to, but.." 。一Would you like to stay here with me?你愿意和我一-起待在这儿吗?一Yes, I'd love/like to.是的，我愿意。6. Shall we go together? 我们一起去好吗? (教材第19页) Shall we...? 意为“我们...好吗?”,用于征求他人意见、向他人提出建议或请求他人的许可，其肯定回答为“Good idea./That's a good idea./Of course,I'd love to."，否定回答为"I'm sorry,but ...”--Shall we go to the museum?我们去博物馆好吗?--That's a good idea.那是一个好主意。/I’m sorry, but I have to do my homework.抱歉，我必须做我的家庭作业。[拓展]提建议的常用句型:①Could/Would you please do sth.? 请你做某事好吗? ②Shall we/I do sth.?我们/我做某事好吗?③Let's do sth.咱们做某事吧。④Why don't we/you do sth.?我们/你(们)为什么不做某事呢?⑤Why not do sth.?为什么不做某事呢?⑥Would you like to do sth.?你愿意做某事吗?⑦How/What about (doing )sth? (做)某事怎么样?I’d love to. but the school football team will practise this Saturday.我很愿意去，但是这个星期六学校足球队将组织训练。(教材第19页)practise 此处用作不及物动词，意为“练习,操练”。作及物动词时，后面可接动词的-ing形式，不能接动词不定式。My younger sister practises playing the piano everyday.我妹妹每天练习弹钢琴。[拓展」practice 名词，意为“实践,练习”，常作不可数名词。在美式英语中, practice既可用作动词，也可用作名词。You need much practise if you want to learn English well你如果想学好英语，就需要大量的练习。Reading1. Itis a mixed school.这是一所混合式学校。(教材第20页)mixed此处用作形容词， 意为“男女混合的; 混合的”。常在名词前作定语，不用作表语。All the schools here are mixed schools.这里的所有学校都是混合式学校。I had mixed feelings about meeting him again.与他重逢我百感交集。Among all my subjects, I like French best.在所有的科目中，我最喜欢法语。(教材第20页)(1)like..best意为 “最喜.....”可与含有favourite的句子进行同义句转换。I like summer best. =My favourite season is summer.我最喜欢夏天。(2) French此处用作名 词，意为“法语”Canadians speak English and French.加拿大人说英语和法语。[拓展]①French还可用作形容词，意为“法国的，法国人的,法语的”。I like French wine.我喜欢法国葡萄酒。②France名词，意为“法国”。The young man is from France.那个年轻人来自法国。3.Learning foreign languages is fun.学习外语很有趣。(教材第20页)(1)动名词(短语)作主语 learning foreign languages是动名词短语，在句中作主语。单个的动名词(短语)作主语时,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes.在阳光下看书对你的眼睛不好。Seeing is believing.眼见为实注意有些动名词(短语)作主语的句子可以改为用it作形式主语，而用动词不定式作真正的主语的句子。Taking a walk after supper is good for our health.=It is good for our health to take a walk after supper.晚饭后散步对我们的健康有好处。(2) foreign形容词，意为“外国的”在句中作定语或表语。It's not easy to learn a foreign language.学习一门外语不容易。You could tell she was foreign by the way she dressed.你可以从她的穿着看出她是外国人。[拓展] foreigner 用作可数名词，意为“外国人”Are there any foreigners in your city?在你们城市有外国人吗? 4.During the week, we can borrow more books from the school library在这一周期间，我们可以从学校图书馆借更多的书。(教材第20页)(1)辨析:during与induring与in均可意为“....期间”，表示一段时间，有时可互换，但在用法上也有区别:during强调时间的延续，表示状态或习惯的动作，常用于表示行为要持续与季节名词连一段时间的stay,visit, meal 等名词之前；与季节名词连用表示特指。in用于指一般性的某一时间，一般不用在表示行为要持续一段时间的名词前;与季节名词连用表示泛指My friends came to see me during my illness。在我生病期间，我的朋友们来看望过我。Jack met Tom in the war.杰克在战争中遇到了汤姆。(2)辨析: borrow, lend与keepborrow对主语而言为“借入”，指从别人或别处借东西，为非延续性动词 borrow sth from some place 从某人/某处借某物Lend 对主语儿而言为“借出”，把自己的东西借给别人，为非延续性动词 lend sb sth=lend sth to sb Keep “持续”指借用某物一段时间，为延续性动词 keep sth for some time 借用某物一段时间I lent my bike to him yesterday. =I lent him my bike yesterday.昨天我把自行车借给他了。You can keep the book for a week.这本书你可借一周。助记“借”有技巧“借”看执行者，“借出”或“借入”“借出”用lend,“借入”是borrow。如果用keep,表示“借多久”5 . We can also bring in books and magazines from home.我们也可以从家里带来图书和杂志。(教材第20页)bring in 此处意为“带来”。该短语为“动词+副词结构，名词作宾语时可放于bring与in之间，也可放于in之后，而人称代词作宾语时只能放于bring与in之间。Liu Nan brought in some beautiful flowers from home的花儿。昨天刘骗从家里带来了一些漂老Near the end of the week, we discuss the books with our classmates in class.在读书周快结束的时候，我们在课堂上与同班同学讨论这些书，(教材第 20页) (1)The end of意为“..。的末尾/尽头”,end此处用作名意为“末端，尽头，末尾”。in the end意为“的末尾”,at the end of意为“最后,终于，by the end of意为.“到...为止”。We'll have a test at the end of this month.这个月末我们要举行一次测试。There's a hospital at the end of the street.在街道的尽头有一家医院。He worked out the problem in the end.最后他做出了这道题。(2)discuss及物动词， 意为“讨论，议论”，discuss sth.意为“讨论某事"discus sth with sb.意为“与某人讨论某事”。They are discussing when to go fishing.他们正在讨论何时去钓鱼。Why don't you discuss it with your teacher?你们何不与老师讨论一下呢?[拓展] discuss的名词形式为discussion,意为“谈论，讨论”。have a discussion ( about sth.)“(就某事进行)讨论”。He joined us in the discussion yesterday.他昨天参加了我们的讨论。(3) in class 意为“在课堂上”，表示在上课期间，class前没有任何冠词。after class意为“课后”。Please listen to the teacher carefully in class.在课堂上请认真听老师讲。Time seems to go faster when we are reading interesting books.当我们读有趣的书的时候，时间似乎过得更快。 (教材第20页)seem 连系动词，意为“似乎;好像;看来”，常用于以下结构:①seem+形容词( = seem to be+形容词)意为“好像，似乎”。The book seems ( to be )quite interesting.这本书好像非常有趣。②seem to dosth.意为“好像做某事;似乎做某事”。It seems torain.好像要下雨了。③It seems that..意为“好....似......。It seems that you are right.似乎你是对的。8. He often listens carefully to my problems and offers me help. 他经常认真听我的难题并给予我帮助。(教材第20页)(1)problem可数名词， 意为“问题,难题”。The teachers are talking about teenage problems.老师们正在谈论青少年问题。[拓展] have problems (in)doing sth做某事有困难They have some problems ( in) getting there on time.他们准时到达那儿有些困难。辨析: problem与question(3)offer此处用作及物动词， 意为“主动提出，自愿给予”。offer 的主要用法有:①offer sth.意为“提供某物”。He offered a good plan for our holiday.他给我们的假期提了一个很好的计划。②offer to do sth.意为“(主动)提出做某事”。Tom offered to drive us to the bus station.汤姆主动提出开车送我们去公共汽车站。③offer sb. sth. / offer sth. To sb.意为“(主动)给某人提供某物”。We should offer others our help.我们应当主动帮助别人。9. He is my hero.他是我的偶像。( 教材第20页)hero 可数名词，意为“被崇拜的对象;英雄”,其复数形式在词尾加-es,即heroes.My father is my hero.我的爸爸是我的偶像。助记以-0结尾变复数加-es的名词黑人(Negro )英雄(hero )爱吃西红柿( tomato)、土豆(potato)和芒果(mango)，有意思(+es)。中考·链接根据句意或句子的语法要求，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。We will report these_______(hero).They’re the pride of our country.解析:我们可用“语法分析法”解答此题。these意为“这些”，后面跟名词复数形式，故填heroes。句意:我们将报道这些英雄，他们是我们国家的骄傲。 答案: heroes10 .On Friday afternoon, our school ends earlier than usual.在星期五下午，我们学校放学比平时早。(教材第20 页)(1)辨析:on,at与in介词on,at,in与时间名词连用时，意为“在....”用法区别如下:中考·链接Over 10, 000 runners joined a half and a mini marathons in Xianlin, Nanjing ____ May 7,2017.A. In B. On C. at D. by解析:我们可用“语法分析法”解答此题。表示时间时，in后跟年份、季节、月份等，也可泛指在上午、下午或晚上;on后跟具体的某一天或某一天的上午、下午或晚上;at后跟具体的时刻;by后跟时间，表示“到某时间为止”。空格后的May7,2017是具体的某一天，要用介词on。 答案:B(2)end此处用作动词， 意为“结束”。用作不及物动词时相当于be over;用作及物动词时相当于finish,What time does your school end?你们学校几点放学? They decided to end the work as soon as possible.他们决定尽早结束工作。(3)usual形容词，意为“平常的，通常的”，反义词为unusual(不平常的),副词为usually ;as usual意为“像往常一样,照例”。It's usual for him to go to school on foot.他通常步行去上学。As usual, he got to school at 7 o'clock. m像往常一样，他七点到校。11. Our team won two games last month.我们队上个月赢了两场比赛。(教材第20页)win此处用作及物动词， 意为“赢得，赢，获胜”，宾语常是比赛、战争或奖赏等词语，其过去式是won,它也可以作不及物动词。其名词winner意为“获胜者”。He won￥5in the ltey他中彩票得了5元钱。Which team won?哪一队赢了?She won the match.她贏得了这次比赛。12.words used in speaking and writing用于会话和写作的单词(教材第21页)过去分词作定语 used此处是动词use的过去分词，过去分司短语used in speaking and writing 作定语，修饰前面的名词words。过去分词用作定语表示被动，如果是一个词，通常放在被修饰词的前面,，如果是过去分词短语，则要放在被修饰词的后面。I like books written by Lu Xun.我喜欢鲁迅写的书。Yesterday I met a girl named Mary.昨天我遇见了一个叫玛丽的女孩。Both Nancy and John are Grade 8 students.南希和约翰都是八年级学生。(教材第22页)both..and..意为 “......和 既......又...... 在句中连接表示并列关系的动词、名词、代词、形容词等，该结构作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。 Tom can both sing and dance.汤姆既会唱歌又会跳舞。Both Jim and his elder sister are good at English.吉姆和他的姐姐都擅长英语。[拓展] both用作限定词或代词，意为“两者(都)”。 常在名词前作定语， 也可位于连系动词be、助动词或情态动词之后，实义动词之前。both of..意为....两者都”。There are a lot of trees on both sides of the street.街道两旁有许多树。Both the women are French.两名妇女都是法国人。They can both speak English.他们两个都会说英语。Both of them are doctors他们俩都是医生。14.I read an article by a boy from the USA.我读了一篇文章，是一个美国男孩写的。(教材第22页)by此处用作介词， 意为“由/被...创作”。This is a book by Mo Yan.这是一本莫言写的书。 --Who was the music by?这首乐曲是谁创作的?- It was by Mozart.它是莫扎特创作的。Grammar语法专项聚焦-如何 比较数量的多少1.两者之间数量上的比较(1)可用more...than...结构表示......比...多， more后可接可数名词复数或不可数名词。 I have more friends than my cousin.我的朋友比我表弟的多。She has more free time than I., 她的空闲时间比我的多。(2)可用few/less...than ...结构表示.........少”，fewer后接可数名词复数，less后接不可数名词。Danny studies fewer subjects than I.丹尼学的科目比我少。She spends less money on clothes than you,她在衣服.上花的钱比你少。2.三者或三者以上数量上的比较(1)the most“最多”，它后面既可跟可数名词复数，也可跟不可数名词。Bob got the most points in our class.在我们班里鲍勃得分最多。Who gets the most money in the world?世界上谁拥有最多的钱?the fewest 或the least 表示“最少”，前者用来修饰可数名词复数，后者用来修饰不可数名词。Who has got the fewest books, Amy, Simon or Sandy?埃米、西蒙和桑迪,谁拥有的书最少?Andy drank the least orange of us three.在我们三个人中,安迪喝的橙汁最少。 中考·链接Bob knows how to cut the cost of the project. I'm sure he can do the work with____money and ______people.A. less; less B.few; more C. more; fewer D. less; fewer解析:我们可用“关键信息法”和“辨析法”解答此题。less 是little的比较级，意为“更少的”，用于修饰不可数名词;fewer是few的比较级，意为“更少的”，用于修饰可数名词复数;more是many或much的比较级，意为“更多的”，既可修饰可数名词复数，也可修饰不可数名词。由前句中的关键信息cut the cost(降低费用)可推知，空格处表示“用更少的钱和更少的人”。money为不可数名词，应用less修饰;people此处为集合名词，应用fewer修饰。故选D。句意:鲍勃知道怎样降低工程费用。我确信他能用更少的钱和更少的人做这项工作。副词比较级和最高级的构成(1)少数单音节和个别双音节的副词在词尾加-er/-est,其具体变化规则与形容词的相同。大多数的副词，尤其是“形容词+ly”构成的副词是在其前加more或most。fast faster 一-fastest hard -harder--hardest carefully- -more carefully- most carefullyquickly more quickly一most quickly还有一些副词的比较级、最高级是不规则变化。well--better best badly- worse- worstfar farther/further farthest/furthest2.副词比较等级的用法(1 )副词的比较级①句型: A+...副词的比较级+than B.当than前后使用的动词相同时,通常用助动词代替动词，该助动词可以省略。He works harder than you (do).他比你工作更努力。②说明“和B比起来，更喜欢A”时，要用well的比较级better,用“Sb. like(s)A better than B.”句型。She likes dancing better than singing.比起唱歌来，她更喜欢跳舞。③向型: Which/ Who..like better, A or B?Which sport do you like better, football or basket-ball?你更喜欢哪项运动，足球还是篮球?④副词比较级前可加much,a lot,far,even,a little等修饰成分来表示程度或加强语气。Tony jumps much higher than Jim.托尼跳得比吉姆高得多。(2 )副词的最高级副词的最高级后通常有一定的比较范围，后跟of all of. in. among...等短语。副词最高级前面的the可以省去。Amy writes the most carefully in our class.在我们班埃米写得最认真的。(2017.江苏苏州) You are speaking too fast. Can you speak a little____________.A. more slowly B. most slowly C. more loudly D. most loudly解析:我们可用“关键词法”和“词义辨析法”解答此题。a little可修饰比较级，但不能修饰最高级，排除B、D两项。slowly意为“慢慢地”, loudly意为“大声地”。由前句句意“你说得太快了”可推知后句句意为“你能说慢点儿吗?”。故选A。 答案:AIntegrated skills1.Number of students学生的数量(教材第25页)the number of此处number of...前省略了冠词he, the number of意为....的数量”。"the number of可数名词复数"作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。The number of the students in our class is fifty.我们班的学生数量是50人。“What's the number of+可数名词复数?”意为....的数量是多少?”,相当于用how many提问可数名词的数量。What's the number of the students in your class?=How many students are there in your class?你班的学生数量是多少?[拓展] a number of意为“许多，大量”,修饰可数名词复数。“a number of+可数名词复数”作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。A number of students are running on the playground.许多学生正在操场上跑步。中考.链接A number of visitors_____visiting the West Lake and the number of the visitor ____increasing. A. are; is B. is; are C. are; are解析:我们可用“语法分析法”解答此题。A number of意为“大量..... ，作主语时谓语动词用复数，排除B项;the number of...意为故选A。故进人的数量”，作主语时谓语动词用单数为答案:A2.How much time do students spend on homework(教材第25页)(1)how much做家庭作业?ever day学生每天花费多少时间意为“多少”的量。 ，此处提问不可数名词How much you need?你需要多少水?拓展①how, much还可以，提问意为“多少钱”。 How much is your coat?，你的外套多少钱?②how many意为“多少”; 提问可数名词的数量How many girls are there in your class?你们班有多少个女孩?(2) spend发物动词，意为“花费3.Do students wear uniforms?学生穿校服吗?(教材第25页)辨析: wear, put on与dressWear穿着；指穿着衣服、鞋袜或戴着手套等,侧重指穿戴的状态put on穿上； 指把衣服、鞋袜穿上，把帽子、手套等戴上，侧重指穿戴的动作dress给.....穿衣服;指给自已或他人穿衣服，宾语sb或oneself.The boy is too young to dress himself这个男孩子太小而不能自己穿衣服。Put on your coat. It’s a little cold outside.穿上你的外套，外面有点儿冷。The girl is wearing a red skirt.那个女孩正穿着红裙子。4.Do students do morning exercises? 学生做早操吗? (教材第25页)do morning exercises 意为“做早操”，此时exercise用作可数名词，意为“套动作”They often do morning exercises at 6 O clock.他们经常在6点做早操。注意do morning exercise意为“晨练”，此时exercise用作不可数名词,意为“运动，锻炼”。My father often does morning exercise in the park.我父亲经常在公园晨练。5 .Chinese students have more (more/ fewer/less) weeks off for the summer holiday than British students.与英国学生相比，中国学生暑假放假周数更多(更多/更少/更少)。(教材第25页) have+-段时间+off意为“休息(一段时间),放(一段时间的)假”，该短语中的have还可以用take来代替。hey will have/take three weeks off for the winter holiday.寒假他们将休息三个星期。6. Half an hour for playing computer games and another half an hour for playing chess.半小时用于玩电脑游戏，另外半小时下国际象棋。(教材第26页)(1) another 此处用作形容词，意为“又一的，再一个的，另外的”，常用于单数名词前作定语。Would you like another cup of tea?你想再喝一杯茶吗?[拓展]①another还可用作代词，意为“又一个;再一个”。I don't like this one. Please give me another.我不喜欢这个，请给我另一个。②“another+数词(大于1)+可数名词复数”表示“另外的几...".相当于“数词(大于1)+more +可数名词复数”。I need another two books. =I need two more books.我还需要两本书。(2)play chess 意为“下国际象棋”，当play与球行类、棋类名词连用时，球类、棋类名词前不需任何冠词;但当play与乐器类名词连用时,乐器类名词前须加定冠词the。play football 踢足球play the piano弹钢琴7. I have only half an hour for my hobbies at most.我最多只有半小时用于我的爱好。( 教材第26页)at most 意为“最多，至多”。反义短语at least意为“至少”。Icanpay20yuanatmost.我最多能付20元钱。You should read English for at least half an hour every day.你应该每天至少读半小时的英语。8.1 often do some reading.我经常阅读。(教材第26页)do some reading 意为“阅读”，相当于动词read。英语中，“do+some/the+v-ing”结构表示“做某事”。Ifyou have time, you should do some reading.如果有时间，你应当阅读。[拓展]类似的短语还有:do some/the cleaning大扫除do some/the shopping购物do some the cooking做饭do some/the washing洗衣服do some the walking散步do some/the running跑步9. How about you, Simon?你呢，西蒙? ( 教材第26页)How about...意为......么样?”...呢?”，相当于“What about..",常用于提出建议、征求意见或询问情况等。about 是介词，后跟名词、代词或动词-ing形式。I'm very well. How/What about you?我很好，你呢?How/What about tea?茶怎么样?How/What about going fishing?去钓鱼怎么样?Task1.When do you finish school?!你什么时候放学? (教材第28页)finish 此处用作及物动词，意为“结束，完成”，后接名词、代词或动名词形式作宾语，不可接动词不定式。finish 也可用作不及物动词。He didn't finish his homework.他没有完成家庭作业。I finished reading the book yesterday.我昨天读完了这本书。The film began at 8 p. m. and finished at 9:40 p. m.last night.昨天晚上电影8点开始放映，9:40结束。中考.链接Dave is a good boy and he always finishes ____________his homework on time.A. do B. did C. does D. doing解析:我们可用“固定搭配法”解答此题。finish doing sth意为“做完某事"，为固定搭题。选D。句意:戴夫是个好男孩，他您是按时完成家庭作业。 2.There isa big clean dining hall (学校里)有一个又大又干净的餐厅。(教材第29页)there be结构表示“某时/某处有某人/某物”。在there be结构中，there 是引导词，无词义，be动词是谓语动词，be动词后面的名词是主语,两者必须在数上保持致。There isa book on the desk.书桌上有一本书。There is some water in the bottle.瓶子里有些水。There are fifty students in our class.我们班有50名学生。[拓展]在there be结构中如果有两个或两个以上的名词作主语.be动词与靠近它的那个名词一致，此原则被称为“就近原则”。There is a sheep and two cows on the hill.山上有一只绵羊和两头奶牛。There are three books, one pen and two pencils on the desk.书桌上有三本书、一支钢笔和两支铅笔。3.Our classes are quite small.我们的班很小。(教材第29页)quite 副词，意为“十分;相当;很”，可修饰形容词、副词或动词。 It's quite cold outside.外面相当冷。辨析: quite与very quite quite+a(n)+形容词+可数名词单数;修饰动 词时放在动词之前 quite a nice boy一 个相当不错的男孩He quite likes maths.他很喜欢数学。Very a+very+形容词+可 数名词单数; very与 much合在一起修饰动词，且一般位于句末 .a very nice boy一个很不错的男孩 He likes maths very much.他很喜欢数学。4. love computers, so | have computer lessons every day.我喜欢电脑，所以我每天上电脑课。(教材第29页)so连词， 意为“因此，所以”，表示结果。Lily is very kind, so everyone likes her.莉莉很友好，所以每个人都喜欢她。 [拓展]在同一个句子中so和because (因为)两个词只能选用其。I' m tired, so I don't want to go further.我累了，因此我不想再往前走了。5.We always have fun.我们总是玩得很开心。(教材第29页) have fun意为 “玩得开心，过得愉快”，相当于have a good time。Did you have fun last weekend?上个周末你过得愉快吗?[拓展] have fun with sth.意为“在某方面玩得开心”;have fun doing sth.意为“做某事很高兴”The children have a lot of fun with the building blocks.孩子们玩积木玩得很开心。We had fun playing in the park.我们在公园里玩得很高兴。few没有几个，几乎没有表示否定意义修饰可数名词复数a few有几个,有一些表示肯定意义little很少，几乎没有表示否定意义修饰不可数名词a little少量，一点儿表示肯定意义problem多指有待解决的问题，特别是疑难的问题,也指理科中的难题solve the problem解决问题deal with the problem 处理问题question意思相对广泛，指可以提问或解答的问题ask questions提问题answer the question回答这个问题on在具体日期前;在星期几前;在具体某一天;在节日前;在有限定词的上午、下午或晚上前;在具体某一天的上午、下午On Monday在星期一on Sunday afternoon的在星期天下午on the morning of July 7th在7月7日的早晨on a warm spring afternoon在一个温暖的春天的下午at在具体的钟点前at twelve o'clock在12点in在泛指上午下午或晚上前在年、月或季；in the morning在上午in2013在2013年In January在 1月 in spring在春天