所属成套资源:【精品同步练习】译林版英语八年级复习Unit 1 单元知识点详解(带答案)
【精品同步练习】译林版英语八年级复习Unit 5 单元知识点详解(带答案)
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这是一份【精品同步练习】译林版英语八年级复习Unit 5 单元知识点详解(带答案),共9页。
8A Unit 5 单元知识解析Comic strip and Welcome to the unit1.Would you like to live in the wild, Eddie.你想住在野外吗,埃迪。wild 用作不可数名词, “自然环境,野生状态”。in the wild “在野外;在自然环境下”。例句:Can the baby lion live in the wild on their own? 小狮子能独自在野外生活吗? There are very few pandas living in the wild now. 现在在野生生活的大熊猫很少了。[拓展]①wild还可用作形容词,意为“野生的”。I like wild animals.我喜欢野生动物。These chicken are wild.这些鸡是野生的。②wildly副词,意为“失控地,激动地”。Do you know why the woman is running wildly on the street. 你知道那个女人为什么在街上疯狂跑吗?2.Wild animals are free and happy.野生动物是自由和快乐的free adj.意为“自由的,不受束缚的”。You are free to go anywhere 你可以自由地去任何地方扩展—一词多义①(adj.) 自由的,不受束缚的②(adj.) 有空的,空闲的 ③(adj.) 免费的例句:There is no free lunch in the world. 这个世界上没有免费的午餐。I'm free today. Let's have a picnic.我今天有空。让我们野餐吧。3.They may become dishes on the table any time. 它们随时可能成为餐桌上的一道菜。dish 可数名词,意思: 一道菜,或者盘子、碟子。其复数形式为dishes。例句:Help yourself to the dishes.The dish is very beautiful.4.So could you please not eat them? (1)Could you please + do ?意为“请你....好吗?”,其否定形式为“Could you please + not +do?”,意为“请你不要好吗?”,它们都是表示委婉清求的句型。Could you please repair the bike for me? 你能帮我修理一下自行车吗?Could you please not make the same mistake? 你能不犯同样的错误吗?[拓展]“Could you please..?" 句型的肯定回答有“Sure!/Of course./My pleasure!/No problem.等;否定回答有“Sorry, .‘m| afraid no...”等。No way! “不行! 不可能!没门儿!”, 常用在口语中,表示不同意或拒绝。-Can I leave the door open?-No way!-我可以让门开着吗?-不行!5.Please have pity on them, Eddie.请同情他们,埃迪。pity 不可数名词,意为“同情;怜悯”。have/take pity on sb./sth. “同情/怜悯某人/某物”。例句:He has pity on the old man in trouble. 他很同情那个有麻烦的老人。6.I may die without them.没有他们,我可能会死。die (vi) 死 dead (adj.) 死的,失去生命的dying (adj.) 临死的,垂死的death (n.) 死,死亡be dead (持续性动词)7.In fact, these are not wild animals, Hobo.事实上,这些不是野生动物,霍波。in fact意为“实际上,事实上”,一般位于句首,也可用在句中作插入语。例句:In fact, he put up some pictures on the wall by himself.1.What wild animal do you like best, Kitty?What...do you like best? 意为“你最喜欢的..是什么?”,这是询问别人最喜欢的事物的常用句式。可与“What's your favorite...?"进行同义转换。What subject do you like best?你最喜欢什么科目?What colour do you like best?=What is your favourite colour?你最喜欢什么颜色?[拓展]回答该问句时常用“I like...best. Reading1.This means “hope” .这意味着“希望”。mean (vt.) 意思是,意味着meaning (n.) 意思,意义备注:“What does…mean?"意为....是什么意思?”与“What's the meaning of..?."同义。meaningful (adj.) 意味深长的,有意义的meaningless (adj.) 无意义的2.When XiWang was born, she weighed just 100grams and looked like a white mouse. 希望出生时,她只有100克重,看起来像一只白老鼠。be born 意为“出生,出世”,其中的be动词常用过去式was/were。be born+时间/ 地点状语”意为“出生于某时/某地”。3....she was not a small baby any more... ...她不再是个婴儿了not..any more意为 “不再”,相当于no more。not常与连系动词be、情态动词或助动词连用,any more常位于句末。例句:You can't eat beef any more. =You can eat beef no more.你不能再吃牛肉了。辨析:not… any more与not…any longernot… any more相当于no more,主要用来表示数量和程度上的“不再”。not…any longer相当于no longer,主要用来表示时间或距离上的“不再”。注意:no more和no longer-般放在行为动词之!前,be动词情态动词之后或直接放在句末。You can't drink any more. =You can drink no more.=You can no more drink. 你不能再喝酒了。I can't wait any longer.=I can wait no longer.=I can no longer wait. 我再也等不及了。4.In the beginning, Xi Wang drank her mother's milk. 一开始,希望是吃母乳。in the beginning 一开始 at first例句: She didn't read the instructions in the beginning.5.When she was 20 months old, she learnt to look after herself.当她20个月大的时候,她学会了照顾自己。learn to do sth. “学习/ 学会做某事”, learn为及物动词,意为“学习;学会”,过去式为learned或learnt。I want to learn to play basketball.6.Sadly, giant pandas face serious problems in the wild.遗憾的是,大熊猫在野外面临着严重的问题。(1)sadly (adv.) 令人遗憾地,不幸地,伤心地sad (adj.) 难过的 (sad - sadder – saddest)sadness (n.) 悲哀,忧伤(2)face此处用作及物动词,意为“面临;面对”。 You had better face your problem. 你最好面对一下你的问题。(3)serious ( more serious,most serious ) 形容词,意为“严重的”。seriously副词,意为“严重地”。serious (adj.) 严重的,严肃的,认真的 (serious - more serious - most serious) seriously (adv.) 严重的,严肃的,认真的 Smoking can _____________ harm your health. (serious)7.For example, it is very difficult for pandas to have babies..例如,熊猫很难生下孩子It's+adj.+for sb./sth.+to dosth.表示 “做某事对某人/某物来说....的”。形容词是用来描述事物特征的,如important(重要的),necessary(必要的),easy(容易的),difficult(困难的)等。It is important for us to learn English well.=To learn English well is important for us.学好英语对我们来说很重要。[辨析]“It is+adj.+of sb.+to do sth."表示“某人做某.....此处的形容词是用来描述人的性格、品质的,如:polite (有礼貌的), kind (和蔼的),friendly (友好的)等。该句型可改为Sb.is/are+adj.+to do sth."It's kind of you to help me.=You're kind to help me. 你很乐意帮助我。8.Also, giant pandas live mainly on a special kind of bamboo.另外,大熊猫主要以食用一种特殊种类的竹子为生。(1)live on 意为“以食...为生” Tigers live on meat.老虎以肉为生。(2)mainly (adv.) 主要地,大部分地main (adj.) 主要的,最重要的9.As a result, pandas may not have a place to live or food to eat.因此,大熊猫可能没有地方居住或没有食物吃。(1)as a result 意为“因此;结果”,as a result of..意为“因为,由于”As a result, he became more popular.结果,他变得更受欢迎了。As a result of his height, he can't take part in the match.由于他的身高,他不能参加比赛。(2)动词不定式作定语句中的 to live和to eat是动词不定式作定语,修饰前面的名词。动词不定式作定语时常放于所修饰的词之后,作后置定语,I have a lot of homework to do tonight.今晚我有很多作业要做。Please give me something to eat.请给我点吃的。I have no paper to write on.我没有纸可写。注意:英语中,动词不定式用作定语来修饰名词,如果动词不定式中的动词是不及物动词,则需要根据实际情况添上介词。10.Giant pandas are now in danger.大熊猫现在正处于危险之中。danger (n.) 危险 be in danger 处境危险 dangerous (adj.) 危险的 11.We should take action right away.我们应该马上采取行动。(1) action名词,意为”行动:行为”。take action 意为“采取行动”. take action to do sth为“采取行动”做某事”。 You must take action to improve your study.你必须采取行动来提高你的学习水平。act (vi. &vt.) 行动;表演act --- actor男演员 --- actress 女演员action(n.) 行动;行为active (adj.) 积极的,活跃的;主动的activity (n.) 活动 (pl.) activitiesright away 意为“立刻,马上”,相当于at once 或right now。12.If we do nothing, soon there may be none left!如果我们什么都不做,很快就会一个也没有了!none代词,意为“没有一个(人或物)”,常指三个或三个以上的人或物中一个也没有,也可以用于指物品一点儿也没有。 There are five girls in the room, but I know none.房间里有五个女孩,但我一个都不认识。辨析none,no one与nobody①none既可指人也可指物,常与of连用。noneof后接复数概念的名词或代词作主语时,谓语动词用单、复数形式均可; none of后接不可数概念的名词或代词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。 None of us know(s) how to speak the language.我们谁也不知道怎么说这种语言。 None of the furniture in the room is new.房间里的所有家具都不是新的。②no one= nobody,只能指人,作主语时谓语动词只能用单数形式。 No one/ Nobody likes too much homework.没有人/没人喜欢太多的作业。③none指的是数量上“一个也没有”,可用来回答how many或how much引导的特殊疑问句;而no one和nobody指的是“没有人”,用于回答who引导的特殊疑问句。 How many students attended yesterday's meeting?有多少学生参加了昨天的会议? None.没有一个人 Who is in the classroom?谁在教室里? No one/ Nobody.没有人/没人13.However, we do believe that where there is Xi Wang, there is hope.然而,我们确实相信,哪里有希望,哪里就有希望。①句中的do是助动词,后接动词原形,用来加强语气。 Idid makesome paper flowers by myself. 我自己做了一些纸花。14.the bamboo forests are very important to them. 竹林对他们非常重要。be important to sb. /sth.意为...对某人/某物来说重要”。有类似用法的形容词还有good,nice, friendly,rude,necessary等。 Books are very important to her.书对她很重要。 Myclassmates are very friendly to me.我的同学对我很友好。15.She weighed only 100 grams at birth..她出生时只有100克。at birth意为“出生时,诞生时”,相当于sb./sth.was/were born。 The baby weighed three kilos at birth.Grammar1.The horse is standing with its eyes closed.closed (adj.) 关闭的 close (vt.) 关闭 close (adj.) 近的;亲密的2.with the help of =with one's help在......的帮助下3.Did you know that bees never get lost?你知道蜜蜂永远不会迷路吗?lost (adj.) 迷路的,迷失的= missingget lost = lose one’s way 迷路lose 失去,被夺去;输掉 (lose- lost – lost ) loss 丧失,损失;失败4.语法知识点may的用法1. 表推测,意为“可能,也许”,用于肯定句中。2. 表请求、许可,意为“可以”。注意:may表请求,用于主语为第一人称的一般疑问句时,其否定回答用mustn’t或can’t, 不用may not, 意为“不可以,不允许,禁止”。3. can 和may均可用来表示征求意见或允许,意为“可以”,一般可互换使用。may 的基本用法就是表示请求时的“可以”和猜测时的“可能”,但要再次强调may 表示猜测时是可以用在肯定句、否定句中的。另外,may引起的一般疑问句,其回答需要注意:肯定回答可以使用may或者can都可以,但否定回答则不能用may not, 只能用can’t 或者mustn’t.【例题精讲】例1.He may come tomorrow. 他明天可能会来。例2.May I borrow your book? 我可以借一下你的书吗?例3.--May I go now? --No, you mustn’t. --我现在可以走了吗?--不,你不能这样做。动词不定式作宾语1、动词不定式概述①动词不定式的基本形式是“to+动词原形”,否定形式是“not to+动词原形”。②动词不定式没有人称,数和时态的变化。③在句子中不能作谓语,但可以充当除谓语之外的任何成分(主语、表语、宾语、状语、宾语补足语等)2、动词不定式做宾语注意点①want,like,love,wish,hope,need,try,ask,seem,help,learn,decide,plan,start,begin,forget,remember,choose ,prepare,agree等动词后直接跟动词不定式作宾语。 He decided to buy a new MP4.他决定买一个新的MP4。 We all hope to go to Taizhou next month我们都希望下个月能去台州。②有的动词(如begin, start, like等)既可接动词不定式作宾语,也可接动词-ing形式作宾语,且含义基本相同。③“疑问词(how, what, where, which, when等)+ 动词不定式”结构可跟在一些动词(tell, show, teach, know等)后作宾语。 I don’t know What to do next.我不知道下一步该怎么办。 Can you tell me how to get to the hospital?你能告诉我怎么去医院吗?④如果作宾语的动词不定式很长,为了保持句子平衡,可用it作形式宾语,而将真正的宾语(动词不定式)后置。I find it interesting to play computer games.我觉得玩电脑游戏很有趣。We all think it very difficult to finish the work in an hour. 我们都认为很难在一个小时内完成这项工作。⑤有的动词既可接动词不定式作宾语,也可接动词-ing形式作宾语,但意义区别比较明显,如:forget/remember to do sth.(忘记/记住要做某事);forget/remember doing sth.(忘记/记得做过某事);stop to do sth.(停下来去做另一件事);stop doing sth.(停止正在做的事)。Integrated skills1.....but only for a short while . 但只是在短时间内。while (n.) 一会儿,一段时间[拓展]由while构成的常见短语: for a while 一会儿(conj.) 然而(conj.) 当……的时候,和……同时①后面加持续性的动词 ②while doing sth.2.losing living areas 失去生活区域living (n.) 生存,生计alive (adj.) 活着的lively (adj.) 活泼的;生气勃勃的live (v) 生活 What should we do to live a green life, class? 我们应该做些什么来过绿色生活,同学们?3.people kill wolves because they think wolves are dangerous to humans.人们杀狼是因为他们认为狼对人类有危险。(1)be dangerous to sb.意为 “对某人有危险”。I think dogs are dangerous to children.我认为狗对孩子们有危险。(2) human此处作可数名词,意为“人”,其复数形式为humans。Animals are friends of humans.4.I'm sorry to hear that.听到这个消息,我很难过。I'm sorry to hear that.意为 “听到那件事我很难过”。常用于听到某人遇到不幸的事情时,是为了表示遗憾或难过而说的一句话。5.It's a great pity!太遗憾了!pity 名词,意为“遗憾,可惜”。 What a pity!真可惜!“It's a pity!"意为‘真遗憾!”。“It's a pity to do sth."意为“做某事很遗憾”;6.What a shame! 真遗憾!What a shame!意为“多遗憾啊!”,相当于“What a pity!",表示遗憾或惋惜之意。shame作名词,意为“憾事;羞愧”。“It is a shame to do sth."意为“做某事是可惜的”。7.I think everybody should act to protect wild animals. 我认为每个人都应该采取行动来保护野生动物。act 此处用作动词,意为“行动”,act to do sth.意为“行动起来做某事”。We should act to protect the environment.我们应该采取行动来保护环境。Study skills1.前缀ing, ness , ion 将动词或形容词变成名词1)、v. + -ing → n.mean—meaning feel—feeling meet—meeting hunt—huntingbegin—beginning shop—shopping paint—painting read—reading 2)、adj. + ness → n.ill—illness kind—kindness sick—sickness dark—darkness sad—sadness happy—happiness blind—blindness fit—fitnessgreat—greatness ugly—ugliness busy—business careless—carelessness3)、v. + ion → n.act—action discuss—discussion collect—collection celebrate—celebration invite—invitation decide—decision protect—protection invent—invention attract—attraction donate—donation introduce—introduction operate—operationeducate—education pollute—pollution produce—production organize—organizationexamine—examination prepare—preparation4)、v. + ment → n. move—movement develop—development advertise—advertisement treat—treatment5)、其他fly—flight die—deathTask1.A report on bears一篇关于熊的报告(1)report此处用作可数名词,意为“报道,报告”。Make a report“作报告”;a report n...“一篇关.....的报告”。Mr Green will make a report on wild animals for us.格林先生将为我们做一个关于野生动物的报告。(2)on介词,此处意为“关于”,相当于about。This is a book on history.这是一本关于历史的书。2.move around slowly in the daytime在白天慢慢地四处移动move及物动词,也可作不及物动词,意为“活动,移动,搬迁”。3.Otherwise, there may be no bears left in the world. 否则,世界上可能就没有熊了了。otherwise 副词,意为“要不然,否则” 例句:Water the tree Otherwise, they will die.给树浇水,否则他们会死的。