浙江省杭州市名校2023-2024学年高二上学期12月阶段联考英语试卷(含答案)

浙江省杭州市名校2023-2024学年高二上学期12月阶段联考英语试卷学校：___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、阅读理解Some inventions are so common that it’s difficult to imagine they started as an idea written on paper and then a patent application submitted to the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO). The ballpoint pen, the computer mouse, and the microwave oven-these are just a few examples of great ideas that became essential products we now take for granted.Nevertheless, of the 520,277 applications that inventors filed with USPTO in 2010, chances are that not even half will be granted patents, and far fewer will become commercial successes. In that spirit, here are three of the technological advances:Mind Control HelmetThe helmet is equipped with the trans cranial pulsed ultrasound(经颅脉冲超声) technology, which delivers high-frequency sound waves to specific regions of the brain. Under the influence of these sound waves, neurons(神经元) send impulses(脉冲) to their targets, taking control over them.Body Armor with Flashlight and Camera/Phone ChargerThe flexible arm, which is armored with Kevlar and hard plastic, contains a rechargeable battery pack that powers a special device built into the arm's artificial skin. It is also equipped with a bright LED flashlight, an HD camera capable of sending pictures, and a charging slot into which a phone apparently fits nicely.Robot That Eats Mice and InsectsThe robot would chase and eat mice and insects, and then digest their bodies to produce its own power. There are five different concepts, including the mousetrap coffee table robot, which is designed to attract careless insects onto its surface, which contains a trap door set off by motion sensors. Victims trapped by the device would be chemically separated and fed to a microbial fuel cell. A light on the side of the device would inform the owner of how much energy is being produced.These inventions push the boundaries of innovation, yet they seem unlikely to gain widespread acceptance.1．How many applications do you think will become commercial successes?A. 520,277 B. 260,138 C. 250,638 D. 120,2202．What does the underlined word "slot" in Paragraph 4 probably mean?A. computer B. pocket C. switch D. opening3．What is the author’s attitude towards these three inventions?A. favorable B. indifferent C. doubtful D. objectivePi Jam Foundation is a non-governmental organization aimed at promoting affordable technology and quality. With its help, three high school students at Kreeri Higher Secondary School in Baramulla, have created the Apple Grade (苹果分级机), a game-changing device set to improve the apple grading procedure.The innovative Apple Grader, which has attained recognition during National Technology Week, promises to support local farmers by offering them a tool to effectively grade and market their apple harvest. Previously, apple growers in the region faced significant challenges due to the expensive and complicated process of apple grading. Local apple farmers in Kashmir face value discrimination while selling out their apples to businessmen as they don't have expensive apple grading systems when harvesting the apples at their farms. However, this bright trio (三人小组) of students, consisting of Shakir, Adnan and Furqan from Kreeri Higher Secondary School, has designed a creative solution that will level the playing field for local apple growers.One of the key elements that set the Apple Grader apart is the students' use of contextual (情境的) design thinking, applying the resources and knowledge provided by Pi Jam Foundation and ATL Lab. This approach has resulted in the creation of a budget device that simplifies the process of washing, drying, cleaning, sorting and grading apples, benefiting farmers in the area. The leader of Pi Jam Foundation, Gulzar, expressed enthusiasm for the project, revealing that the first model of the Apple Grader will be available in the market within the next six months. Gulzar said that the Apple Grader continues to make improvements. "This effort serves as a shining example of how young students can drive positive changes in society by making full use of what they have learned at school," he added."There are various ongoing projects where students work with great enthusiasm, including gas heaters, the Honey Bee project, and several other small inventions, to name a few," Gulzar continued. Gulzar said the efforts of the students were generously rewarded with a substantial fund, further encouraging their passion for science. The young inventors are praised greatly for their innovative creations.4．Why did the students create the Apple Grader?A. To boost sales of local apples. B. To promote the growth of apples.C. To raise money for apple growers. D. To gain professionals’ recognition5．Which can best describe the features of the Apple Grader?A. Light, low-cost and safe. B. Safe, eco-friendly and simple.C. Cheap, user-friendly and effective. D. Simple, plain-looking and effective.6．What message can the success of the Apple Grader convey to other students?A. Being honest and realistic. B. Thinking twice before acting.C. Aiming high and being independent. D. Putting book knowledge into practice.7．What can we know about the students working with Pi Jam Foundation?A. They come with rich inventing experience.B. They received considerable financial support.C. They have won various scientific awards.D. They determine to start their own businesses.It is the responsibility of a food business to ensure that the food provided to customers is safe to consume. In order to do this, proper food safety criteria must always be followed. This includes ensuring that food is not spoiled or expired. Best-before dates, expiry dates(到期日) and packaging dates are key to knowing what foods are safe to prepare and serve, and which ones should be disposed of. Different types of date markings on packages are used depending on the product.A best-before date on a food package states when the duration of the food ends. According to the Canadian Food Inspection Agency, durable life means “the anticipated amount of time that an unopened food product, when stored under appropriate conditions, will maintain its freshness, taste, nutritional value, or any other qualities claimed by the manufacturer (生产商).” This date can be found on a package underneath the words “best before”.This date tells consumers that the unopened product should be of high quality until that specific date. The key with this date is that it is dependent upon the product being properly handled and stored based on the requirements of that particular food product. This means that failure to stick to the guidelines for handling and storing a particular product will affect its quality by the best-before date. This also means that the best-before date no longer applies if a package is opened.An expiry date is not the same as a best-before date. These dates are required on certain foods that have specific nutritional compositions that could change after the determined expiration date. In other words, after the expiration date has passed, the food may not have the nutrient content as described on the label.Expiry dates are required for formulated liquid diets, foods sold by a drugstore, meal replacements, nutritional supplements and infant formula. If a food has passed its expiration date it should be discarded and not used.8．What do we know about best-before dates?A. It is always safe to eat a food product earlier than the best-before date.B. The best-before date applies even when a package is opened.C. Consumers will be in danger if they eat food that has passed the best-before date.D. The best-before date indicates the safety of food before that specific date.9．According to the passage, which of the following goods has an expiry date?A. A pair of limited-edition sneakers. B. An article of designer dressing.C. A can of milk powder. D. A delicate vase.10．What does the underlined word “discarded” in the last paragraph mean?A. abandoned. B. hidden. C. stored. D. heated.11．What will be discussed in the following paragraph?A. The secret of manufacturers. B. The smart ways to buy best food.C. The description of a packaging date. D. The way to store products at home.Umbrella species are species that are selected for conservation-related decisions because the conservation and protection of these species indirectly affects the conservation and protection of other species within their ecosystem. Umbrella species help in the selection of potential reserve locations, as well as the determination of the composition of the reserve. Umbrella species usually have a large area requirement for which the conservation of the species extends the protection to other species sharing the same habitat. Umbrella species are representative of other species in their habitat since they are known species, and they also determine the area of conservation. The protection extended to the other species by the presence of the umbrella species is known as the umbrella effect.The concept of umbrella species has been used in the creation of wildlife corridor with focal species chosen for their suitability in the conservation process. The umbrella effect is the degree of species impact on other surrounding species resulting from the conservation measures undertaken in the area. Umbrella species is a faster and less expensive means of conservation since it reduces the cost of investment in sampling that is necessary for prioritizing (优先考虑) an area for conservation.Umbrella species can be both plants and animals species with either of the species offering protection to the other. Most of the umbrella species are listed as endangered or threatened on the IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources) Red List, and therefore their conservation extends to the conservation of their habitat. Some of the notable umbrella species include spotted owl whose conservation protects the old growth trees the conservation of both species has led to the protection of mollusks and salamanders within the protective boundary. The protection of the Bay checkerspot butterfly automatically leads to the protection of the grassland while the conservation of the Amur tiger in the Russian Far East also means an automatic conservation and protection of the deer and boar in their habitat. The protection of canebrake offers further protection to broader species within its habitat because of the umbrella effect. Protection of the rattlesnakes also offer protection to other wildlife species found within their habitat.12．What can we learn about umbrella species?A. Only animal species can be used as umbrella species.B. Umbrella species refer to species that provide protection for other species.C. Umbrella species are aimlessly picked out by conservationists.D. The majority of umbrella species are endangered or threatened.13．What is the main idea of Paragraph 3?A. The examples Of umbrella species. B. The definition of umbrella species.C. The consequence of umbrella species. D. The limitation of umbrella species.14．Which of the following can be considered as the umbrella effect?A. A host of plants and animals benefit from the protection of giants pandas.B. People’s living standards are improved due to the mayor’s (市长) leadership.C. The introduction of a new species bring out a competition in a local ecosystem.D. The population of antelopes (羚羊) has recovered since the nature reserve was set up.15．In which section can this passage most likely be found in a magazine?A. Human and nature. B. A science report. C. Environment. D. Healthy lifestyle.二、七选五16．No one is perfect. We all make mistakes from time to time. It's just part of being human. While some mistakes are minor and don't affect anyone but ourselves, others may be major and affect one or more people---those work for or with us, our friends and loved ones. ①_______The following strategies can help you get the apology right.Imagine their perspective. You’re highly recommended to think about how the things you said or did wrong would have made you feel if it were your boss or friend or loved one on the giving end. ②_______Use the knowledge you gain from this exercise to create a roadmap for your own apology.③_______When someone's feelings have been hurt, they want to know that you recognize the emotions that they're feeling, and that you are taking steps to mend whatever damage has been done. Take time to acknowledge and talk through the other person's feelings, and encourage them to speak freely and honestly.Restore a sense of "us". When you wrong someone in some way, you also damage the trust that you've taken so long to build. ④_______"Remind the injured party of your shared history, your commonalities, your shared goals. Reassure him or her that you are on the same team, and have no intention of letting the team down again." Social psychologist Heidi Grant Halvorson said.Know your audience. Your apology should be tailored to the audience that you're giving it to. An apology you make to your boss for missing a deadline is going to be quite different from the apology you make to a friend (or spouse) for forgetting his/her birthday. ⑤_______A. That’s when we should apologize.B. Acknowledge their feelings and values.C. But healing work is the work of the brave.D. In other words, put yourself in their shoes for a moment.E. Trust can take months or years to build, but it can be lost in a second.F. Make sure you consider the audience when you craft---and deliver---your apology.G. Done right, apologies can settle conflict, repair feelings, and improve relationships.三、完形填空（15空）It was two weeks before the holidays, and I decided to have the family picture taken by a 1 photographer. I called the local photographer and made the 2 . The photographer told me since there wasn’t much time before the holidays, he would come first thing Sunday morning and told me to have the whole family in 3 shirts. It sounded perfect.Now, not only did I have my usual five million things to do — carpooling, buying last-minute presents, grocery shopping, cooking and 4 my family was happy — but I also had to find 5 whites tops for my entire family.I was not sure where the rest of the hours 6 , but when I went to tuck in my younger son on Saturday night, I 7 his hair was a complete mess. OMG! He needed a 8 . With all my running around, I hadn’t noticed how 9 he needed one. It was 8:00 at night, and the barber’s was closed. The 10 was coming the next morning.I got out the 11 . My younger son is very easygoing and cooperative. I wet his hair, 12 it and started cutting. When I was done, we looked at each other and both knew that the haircut was a 13 !When he saw my son, my shocked husband told me to go downstairs and have a cup of tea while he 14 the situation. Ten minutes later, my son with his older brother and their dad, all came downstairs with buzz cuts(寸头)! My beautiful family picture was 15 on time — just with a little less hair!17．A. messy B. professional C. international D. romantic18．A. appointment B. excuse C. complaint D. apology19．A. red B. purple C. yellow D. white20．A. taking out B. getting through C. wiping out D. making sure21．A. suiting B. fitting C. matching D. applying22．A. dragged B. flowed C. went D. wasted23．A. suspected B. noticed C. detected D. accused24．A. haircut B. wash C. style D. checkup25．A. badly B. gradually C. extremely D. anxiously26．A. barber B. Santa C. photographer D. neighbor27．A. apron B. scissors C. mirror D. skills28．A. observed B. studied C. designed D. combed29．A. fun B. disaster C. entertainment D. joke30．A. handled B. dealt C. cleaned D. adjusted31．A. painted B. created C. shot D. shown四、短文填空32．Zhouzhuang Town lies in Suzhou. The wooden wells, remains of ancient animals, and rice seeds ①_________ (dig) out at Liangzhu Site in Taishidian indicate traces (痕迹) of human activities that dated back thousands of years.Driven by social and economic progress, the town ②_________ (found) in 1086, and "Zhouzhuang",③_________name of the town, has been used ever since. The town, ④_________ lies in the basin of the Suzhou section of the Grand Canal, enjoys an ⑤_________ (favor) geographic environment as well as a well-developed watercourse system.Since the 12th century, the town has become a trade centre after several rivers were connected by ancient people. Later, as rich businessmen and men of letters came to settle down in large numbers, waterside constructions ⑥_________ (reflect) ancient people's wisdom quickly appeared. Those constructions, such as arcades （拱廊） over streets, large houses ⑦_________ big courtyards, and riverside galleries, created an environment for the townspeople ⑧_________ (be) in harmony with nature.As the protection for the town has been going on ⑨_________ (continuous), the town has kept its original ⑩_________ (appear), with its #-shaped river system, traditional constructions, and unique folk customs. Come to have a trip, and you will be impressed deeply.五、书面表达33．假定你是 李华，得知好友 Eric回国后在 学校成立了中 国传统文化和 习俗学习小组。请给他写 一封邮件，内 容包括:1.表示祝贺; 2.询问学习 内容; 3.期待他分 享学习体会。注意:1.写作词数 应为80左右;2.可以适当 增加细节，以 使行文连贯。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________六、读后续写34．阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。A Girl Without Left ArmSometimes your biggest weakness can become your biggest strength. A young girl decided to learn judo (柔道), though she had lost her left arm in a car accident.This girl began lessons with an old Japanese judo coach. She was doing well. But she couldn’t understand why, after three months of training, the coach had taught her only one move."Coach," the girl finally asked, "shouldn’t I learn more moves?""This is the only move you know, and this is the only move you’ll ever need to know," the coach replied.Not quite understanding, but believing in her teacher, the girl kept training.Several months later, the coach took the girl to her first tournament (锦标赛). She used the move to win several matches and she was now in the finals.This time, her opponent (对手) was bigger, stronger and more experienced. Concerned that the girl might get hurt, the judge called a time-out. She was about to give up the match."No," the coach insisted, "let her continue."Soon after the match restarted, her opponent thought little of her and dropped his guard. Instantly, the girl used her move to defeat her opponent. She became the champion.On the way home, the girl and her teacher reviewed every move in each match. Then the girl asked what was really on her mind."Coach, how did I win the tournament with only one move?""Two reasons," the coach answered. "First, you’ve almost mastered one of the most difficult throws in all of judo. Second, your opponent's only defense against that move is to catch your left arm."注意：1.续写词数150左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Hearing what her coach said, the girl was in deep thought. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________With tears running down her face, she realized what she lacked was just "one move". ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考答案1．答案： D解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中“Nevertheless, of the 520, 277 applications that inventors filed with USPTO in 2010, chances are that not even half will be granted patents, and far fewer will become commercial successes.(然而，在2010年发明家向美国专利商标局提交的520277份申请中，很可能连一半都没有获得专利，而获得商业成功的则少得多)”可知，在520277份申请中少于一半（约260138）获得了专利，获得商业成功的比260138少得多，由此推测D项“120, 220”符合获得商业成功的数量，故选D。2．答案： D解析：词句猜测题。根据划线词后“into which a phone apparently fits nicely(里面可以很好地适配手机)”可知，此处指“充电槽”，slot意为“槽，接口”，故选D。3．答案： C解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段“These inventions push the boundaries of innovation, yet they seem unlikely to gain widespread acceptance.(这些发明突破了创新的界限，但它们似乎不太可能被广泛接受)”可知，作者对这三项发明持怀疑态度，故选C。4．答案： A解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“The innovative Apple Grader, which has attained recognition during National Technology Week, promises to support local farmers by offering them a tool to effectively grade and market their apple harvest.(创新的苹果分级器在国家技术周期间获得了认可，它承诺通过为当地农民提供有效分级和销售苹果收成的工具来支持他们)”可知，学生们创建苹果分级器是为了促进本地苹果的销售。故选A。5．答案： C解析：推理判断题。根据第二段“The innovative Apple Grader, which has attained recognition during National Technology Week, promises to support local farmers by offering them a tool to effectively grade and market their apple harvest. Previously, apple growers in the region faced significant challenges due to the expensive and complicated process of apple grading.(创新的苹果分级器在国家技术周期间获得了认可，它承诺通过为当地农民提供有效分级和销售苹果收成的工具来支持他们。此前，由于昂贵而复杂的苹果分级器，该地区的苹果种植者面临着巨大的挑战)”以及第三段“This approach has resulted in the creation of a budget device that simplifies the process of washing, drying, cleaning, sorting and grading apples, benefiting farmers in the area.(这种方法产生了一种预算装置，简化了苹果的洗涤、干燥、清洁、分类和分级过程，使该地区的农民受益)”可推知，苹果分级机便宜、方便、有效。故选C。6．答案： D解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段““This effort serves as a shining example of how young students can drive positive changes in society by making full use of what they have learned at school,” he added.(他补充说：“这项努力是一个光辉的榜样，说明年轻学生如何充分利用他们在学校学到的知识，推动社会的积极变化。”)”可知，苹果分级机的成功向其他学生传达的信息是将书本知识付诸实践。故选D。7．答案： B解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段“Gulzar said the efforts of the students were generously rewarded with a substantial fund, further encouraging their passion for science.(Gulzar说，学生们的努力得到了丰厚的资金奖励，进一步鼓励了他们对科学的热情)”可知，Pi Jam基金会的学生得到了可观的财政支持。故选B。8．答案： D解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中“A best-before date on a food package states when the duration of the food ends.(食品包装上的‘最佳食用日期’标明了食品的保质期)”和第三段中“This date tells consumers that the unopened product should be of high quality until that specific date.(这个日期告诉消费者，在该特定日期之前，未开封的产品应该是高质量的)”可知，最佳食用日期表示在该特定日期之前的食品是安全的，故选D。9．答案： C解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Expiry dates are required for formulated liquid diets, foods sold by a drugstore, meal replacements, nutritional supplements and infant formula.(配方液体饮食、药店出售的食品、代餐、营养补充剂和婴儿配方奶粉都需要注明有效期)”可知，婴儿配方奶粉上需要注明有效期。故选C。10．答案： A解析：词句猜测题。根据划线词前“If a food has passed its expiration date(如果一种食物过了保质期)”和划线词后“not used(不使用)”可知，如果一种食物过了保质期，就应该扔掉，不要再用了，discarded意为“丢弃”，故选A。11．答案： C解析：推理判断题。根据全文内容以及第一段中“Best-before dates, expiry dates (到期日) and packaging dates are key to knowing what foods are safe to prepare and serve, and which ones should be disposed of.(最佳食用日期、有效期和包装日期是了解哪些食品可以安全准备和食用以及哪些食品应该处理的关键)”可知，文章已经介绍了“最佳食用日期”和“有效期”，由此推知接下来应是讨论“包装日期”，故选C。12．答案： D解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Most of the umbrella species are listed as endangered or threatened on the IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources) Red List, and therefore their conservation extends to the conservation of their habitat. (大部分伞护种已被列入国际自然及自然资源保护联盟(IUCN)红色名录内，列为濒危或受威胁的动物，因此，保育工作已扩展至保育它们的栖息地。)”可知，大多数的伞护种濒临灭绝或受到威胁。故选D。13．答案： A解析：主旨大意题。通读第三段，尤其是“Some of the notable umbrella species include spotted owl whose conservation protects the old growth trees the conservation of both species has led to the protection of mollusks and salamanders within the protective boundary. The protection of the Bay checkerspot butterfly automatically leads to the protection of the grassland while the conservation of the Amur tiger in the Russian Far East also means an automatic conservation and protection of the deer and boar in their habitat. The protection of canebrake offers further protection to broader species within its habitat because of the umbrella effect. Protection of the rattlesnakes also offer protection to other wildlife species found within their habitat. (其中一些值得注意的伞护种包括斑点猫头鹰，它们的保育工作保护古树。对格斑蝶的保护自动导致对草原的保护，而对俄罗斯远东地区的阿穆尔虎的保护也意味着对鹿和野猪栖息地的自动保护。由于保护伞效应的存在，甘蔗的保护为其栖息地内更广泛的物种提供了进一步的保护。对响尾蛇的保护也为在其栖息地内发现的其他野生物种提供了保护。)”可知，第三段主要介绍了伞护种的例子。故选A。14．答案： A解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中“The umbrella effect is the degree of species impact on other surrounding species resulting from the conservation measures undertaken in the area. (伞状效应是指在该地区采取的保护措施对周围其他物种造成的影响程度。)”可推知，A项“许多动植物受益于大熊猫的保护。”符合伞状效应，故选A。15．答案： C解析：推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“Umbrella species are species that are selected for conservation-related decisions because the conservation and protection of these species indirectly affects the conservation and protection of other species within their ecosystem. (伞护种是选择作出与保育有关的决定的物种，因为保育和保护这些物种会间接影响其生态系统内其他物种的保育和保护。)”可知，文章主要介绍了伞护种的概念和好处，伞状效应以及伞护种的例子，这是与环境相关的话题，由此可推知，文章可能出现在杂志的环境专栏，故选C。16．答案：①-⑤ADBEF解析：①根据上文“While some mistakes are minor and don’t affect anyone but ourselves, others may be major and affect one or more people—those work for or with us, our friends and loved ones. (虽然有些错误是次要的，只影响到我们自己，但有些错误可能是重大的，影响到一个或更多的人——那些为我们工作或与我们一起工作的人，我们的朋友和亲人。)”以及后文“The following strategies can help you get the apology right. (下面的策略可以帮助你正确地道歉。)”可知，本句承接上文，说明犯了错应该道歉。故A选项“那时候我们应该道歉”符合语境，故选A。②根据上文“Imagine their perspective. You’re highly recommended to think about how the things you said or did wrong would have made you feel if it were your boss or friend or loved one on the giving end. (想象一下他们的观点。强烈建议你思考一下，如果是你的老板、朋友或爱人，你说错或做错的事情会让你有什么感觉。)”可知，本句是在建议换位思考，故D选项“换句话说，暂时设身处地为他们想想”符合语境，故选D。③根据本段内容“When someone’s feelings have been hurt, they want to know that you recognize the emotions that they’re feeling, and that you are taking steps to mend whatever damage has been done. Take time to acknowledge and talk through the other person’s feelings, and encourage them to speak freely and honestly. (当某人的感情受到伤害时，他们想知道你认识到他们的情感，并且你正在采取措施弥补所造成的伤害。花点时间去承认和谈论对方的感受，鼓励他们自由而诚实地说话。)”可知，本段的主旨是承认到自己伤害的人感受，故B选项“承认他们的感受和价值观”符合语境，故选B。④根据上文“Restore a sense of “us”. When you wrong someone in some way, you also damage the trust that you’ve taken so long to build. (恢复“我们”的感觉。当你以某种方式伤害了某人，你也破坏了你花了这么长时间建立起来的信任。)”可知，上文提到了建立信任花费很长时间，故E选项“信任可能需要几个月或几年的时间来建立，但它可能在一秒钟内失去。”符合语境，故选E。⑤根据上文“Know your audience. Your apology should be tailored to the audience that you’re giving it to. An apology you make to your boss for missing a deadline is going to be quite different from the apology you make to a friend (or spouse) for forgetting his/her birthday. (了解你的听众。你的道歉应该针对你要道歉的听众。你因为错过最后期限而向老板道歉，和你因为忘记朋友（或配偶）的生日而向他/她道歉是完全不同的。)”可知，本段的主旨是了解听众，F选项中audience对应上文audience。故F选项“在道歉的时候，一定要考虑到听众。”符合语境，故选F。17．答案： B解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：离假期还有两周，我决定请专业摄影师帮我拍全家福。A. messy混乱的；B. professional专业的；C. international国际的；D. romantic浪漫的。根据语境及下文“I called the local photographer”作者打电话预约可知，作者应是请专业摄影师来拍照。故选B。18．答案： A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我打电话给当地的摄影师，约好了时间。A. appointment约会，预约；B. excuse借口；C. complaint抱怨；D. apology道歉。根据“I called the local photographer”以及下文“he would come first thing Sunday morning”可知，此处指打电话预约时间，故选A。19．答案： D解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：摄影师告诉我，因为离假期的时间不多了，他周日早上第一件事就是过来，并告诉我让全家人都穿白衬衫。A. red红色的；B. purple紫色的；C. yellow黄色的；D. white白色的。根据下文“but I also had to find ____5____ whites tops for my entire family”可知，摄影师让作者准备好白衬衫，故选D。20．答案： D解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：现在，我不仅有像往常一样多的事情要做——拼车、买最后一分钟的礼物、买杂货、做饭和确保我的家人开心——而且我还必须为我的家人找到相称的白色上衣。A. taking out拿出；B. getting through通过，经历；C. wiping out擦掉；D. making sure确保。根据下文“my family was happy”可知，作者要确保家人开心，故选D。21．答案： C解析：考查动词和形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. suiting适合；B. fitting适合（场合）的，恰当的；C. matching相同的，相称的；D. applying申请。结合空后的“whites tops”可知，此处指为全家人找到相称的白色上衣，matching指“（颜色、形状、款式等）相称的，相配的”，符合语境，故选C。22．答案： C解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不知道剩下的时间都去哪儿了，但周六晚上，当我去哄小儿子睡觉时，我注意到他的头发完全乱了。A. dragged拖，拽；B. flowed流动；C. went流逝，过去；D. wasted浪费。根据空前的“the rest of the hours”可知，此处指不知道时间怎么过这么快，go“流逝”符合语境，故选C。23．答案： B解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. suspected怀疑；B. noticed注意到；C. detected发现，查明；D. accused指责，控告。根据“his hair was a complete mess”可知，作者注意到儿子头发凌乱，故选B。24．答案： A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他需要理发。A. haircut理发；B. wash洗涤；C. style风格；D. checkup检查。根据上文“his hair was a complete mess”可知，儿子头发凌乱，需要理发，故选A。25．答案： A解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：我一直在四处奔波，没有注意到他是多么迫切需要理发。A. badly非常，很；B. gradually逐渐地；C. extremely极端地；D. anxiously焦虑地。上文提到儿子头发非常凌乱，下文也讲述作者亲自给儿子剪头发，故儿子迫切需要理发，badly表示程度，故选A。26．答案： C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：摄影师第二天早上来了。A. barber理发师；B. Santa圣诞老人；C. photographer摄影师；D. neighbor邻居。根据上文“he would come first thing Sunday morning”以及空后的“was coming the next morning”可知，摄影师和作者约定周日上午来，作者是周六晚上注意到儿子头发凌乱，故第二天是摄影师要来，故选C。27．答案： B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我拿出剪刀。A. apron围裙；B. scissors剪刀；C. mirror镜子；D. skills技巧。根据下文“started cutting”可知，作者拿出剪刀给儿子剪头发，故选B。28．答案： D解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我打湿了他的头发，梳理好，开始剪。A. observed观察；B. studied学习；C. designed设计；D. combed梳理。根据空前的“I wet his hair”以及空后“started cutting”可知，作者打湿头发，梳理好，然后开始剪，故选D。29．答案： B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我剪完头发后，我们面面相觑，都知道这个发型彻底失败了！A. fun乐趣；B. disaster彻底地失败；C. entertainment娱乐；D. joke玩笑。根据语境及下文“When he saw my son, my shocked husband”可知，丈夫看到儿子的发型很震惊，说明作者剪得不好，彻底失败了。故选B。30．答案： A解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他看到我儿子的时候，我的丈夫震惊了，他让我下楼去喝杯茶，他来处理这件事。A. handled处理，应付；B. dealt处理；C. cleaned打扫；D. adjusted调整。根据“told me to go downstairs and have a cup of tea”以及下文“Ten minutes later, my son with his older brother and their dad, all came downstairs with buzz cuts(寸头)!(十分钟后，我儿子和他哥哥还有他们的爸爸，都剪着寸头下楼来了)”可知，儿子的头发剪得不好，丈夫让作者上楼，自己来处理这个情况，deal后常接介词with，故选A。31．答案： C解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我美丽的全家福是按时拍摄的——只是头发少了一点！A. painted绘画；B. created创造；C. shot拍摄；D. shown展示。根据主语“My beautiful family picture”可知，此处指拍摄照片，故选C。 32．答案：①dug②was founded③the④which⑤favorable⑥reflecting⑦with⑧to be⑨continuously⑩appearance解析：①考查非谓语动词。句意：在太石店良渚遗址出土的木井、古代动物遗骸和水稻种子表明，人类活动的痕迹可以追溯到几千年前。本句谓语为indicate，此处应用非谓语动词，且The wooden wells, remains of ancient animals, and rice seeds与dig out“挖出”为被动关系，应用过去分词，作定语。故填dug。②考查动词时态。句意：在社会经济进步的推动下，小镇于1086年建立，“周庄”这个小镇的名字一直沿用至今。分析句子结构可知，本空为and前句子的谓语，且第三人称单数形式的主语the town与found“建立”为被动关系，结合时间状语in 1086可知，本句用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was founded。③考查冠词。句意：在社会经济进步的推动下，小镇于1086年建立，“周庄”这个小镇的名字一直沿用至今。根据Zhouzhuang和name of the town可知，此处特指“周庄”这个名字，应用定冠词the，表示特指。故填the。④考查定语从句。句意：该镇位于大运河苏州段的流域，地理环境优越，水利系统发达。分析句子结构可知，本空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是The town，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。⑤考查形容词。句意：该镇位于大运河苏州段的流域，地理环境优越，水利系统发达。分析句子结构可知，本空填形容词favorable“有利的”，作定语，修饰geographic environment。故填favorable。⑥考查非谓语动词。句意：后来，随着富商和文人的大量定居，体现古人智慧的水边建筑迅速出现。本句谓语为appeared，此处应用非谓语动词，且waterside constructions与reflect“体现”为主动关系，应用现在分词，作定语。故填reflecting。⑦考查介词。句意：这些建筑，如街道上的拱廊、带大庭院的大房子和河边的画廊，为市民创造了一个与自然和谐相处的环境。根据large houses和big courtyards, and riverside galleries可知，此处表示“带大庭院的房子”，用介词with，表示“具有”。故填with。⑧考查非谓语动词。句意：这些建筑，如街道上的拱廊、带大庭院的大房子和河边的画廊，为市民创造了一个与自然和谐相处的环境。本句谓语为created，此处应用非谓语动词，作目的状语，应用不定式。故填to be。⑨考查副词。句意：随着古镇保护的不断进行，古镇保持了原貌，#型水系，传统建筑，独特的民俗风情。修饰动词going on，应用副词continuously“连续不断地”。故填continuously。⑩考查名词。句意：随着古镇保护的不断进行，古镇保持了原貌，#型水系，传统建筑，独特的民俗风情。分析句子结构可知，本空用名词appearance“外貌”，作kept的宾语。故填appearance。33．答案：Dear Eric,I’m writing to extend my heartfelt congratulations to you on the establishment of the Chinese traditional culture and custom study group in your school.I’m glad that you are so fascinated by our traditional culture and customs and I’d be truly thrilled if you could share some insights into the topics and the activities that your study group will explore. Are you focusing on some specific aspects, such as Chinese calligraphy, festival customs, or ancient literature? I’m eager to learn about your reflections and the valuable lessons you’ve gained from studying Chinese traditional culture and customs.Looking forward to your early reply.Yours,Li Hua解析：1.词汇积累高兴的：glad→pleased兴奋的：thrilled→excited专注于：focus on→concentrate on获得：gain→obtain2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：I’m writing to extend my heartfelt congratulations to you on the establishment of the Chinese traditional culture and custom study group in your school.拓展句：Hearing that you established the Chinese traditional culture and custom study group in your school, I’m writing to extend my heartfelt congratulations to you.【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m glad that you are so fascinated by our traditional culture and customs and I’d be truly thrilled if you could share some insights into the topics and the activities that your study group will explore.（运用了that引导的宾语从句、if引导的条件状语从句以及后一个that引导的定语从句）【高分句型2】I’m eager to learn about your reflections and the valuable lessons you’ve gained from studying Chinese traditional culture and customs.（运用了省略关系词的定语从句）34．答案：Hearing what her coach said, the girl was in deep thought. Head down, she thought of her timidity — she lacked confidence because she had lost her left arm. Frequently, she gave up on herself. But sometimes, she was heard murmuring to herself, “How can I make it?” “I’m afraid it’s beyond my ability,” and the like. She even refused to keep in touch with old friends for fear of being laughed at. What’s even worse, fluently as she had practiced at home, she did not dare to show up in the front of the classroom.With tears running down her face, she realized what she lacked was just “one move”. It’s the move to become confident. Fortunately, the girl eventually came to realize that in life she has only one enemy, herself, to defeat. Quite determined, she rejoined her friends and followed her dream to be a painter. Equipped with courage and confidence, the girl became the master of herself, living a wonderful life.解析：1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“听到教练的话，女孩陷入了沉思。”可知，第一段可描写女孩的心理活动。 ②由第二段首句内容“她泪流满面，意识到自己缺的只是‘一个动作’。”可知，第二段可描写女孩意识到自己的敌人只有她自己，以及她之后的改变。2.续写线索：缺乏自信——害怕被嘲笑——意识到自己是自己的敌人——决心改变——过着精彩的生活3.词汇激活行为类①拒绝：refuse/decline②出现：show up/turn up③过着……的生活：live/lead情绪类①害怕：for fear of/afraid of②勇气：courage/bravery【点睛】[高分句型1] What’s even worse, fluently as she had practiced at home, she did not dare to show up in the front of the classroom.（由as引导的让步状语从句的倒装结构）[高分句型2] Fortunately, the girl eventually came to realize that in life she has only one enemy, herself, to defeat.（由连接代词that引导的宾语从句）