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    【全套精品专题】仁爱科普版 英语期末复习专题 精讲 第7讲 介词(带答案)

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    这是一份【全套精品专题】仁爱科普版 英语期末复习专题 精讲 第7讲 介词(带答案),共28页。试卷主要包含了frm,since,t,fr,frm等内容,欢迎下载使用。
    第 份

    第7章 介词
    介词,是一种虚词。它不能单独在句子中担任成分,需要和名词、代词或相当于名词的其他词类、短语、从句构成介词短语,担任句子的成分。介词的数量并不多,但每个介词常具有多种意思,并且使用频率较高。所以学好介词很关键。
    典型例句:1.We will meet n Sunday.(我们将在周日见面。)
    典型例句:2.I set between Jim and Ann.(我坐在吉姆和安之间。)
    典型例句:3.I always think f her.(我总是想起她。)
    典型例句:4.She’ll wait fr me.(她会等我的。)
    1.介词的种类和介词短语的用法
    1.介词的种类
    介词可分为两种:简单介词和短语介词。
    简单介词只是一个单词,如in,n,after,befre,at,by,fr,frm,abve,ver,under等。
    短语介词是由两个或两个以上的单词集合而成的,如ut f,in frnt f,because f,instead f等。
    We set the dinner party at six thirty.(我们定在六点半聚餐。)
    I brke the lamp n the wall.(我打碎了墙上的灯。)
    Tm jumped ut f bed.(汤姆从床上跳下来。)
    I came back because f the rain.(因为下雨,所以我回来了。)
    补充:介词可以分为时间介词(at)、地点介词(n,ut f)、方式介词(by)、原因介词(because f)和其他介词。
    2.介词短语的用法
    “介词+名词/代词”形成介词短语,可以作定语、状语、表语和宾语补足语。
    The girl with lng hair is my elder sister.(那个长头发的女孩是我姐姐。)
    Nancy put her MP4 n the desk.(南希把她的MP4放在了桌上。)
    (1)介词短语作定语
    介词短语作定语时,一律后置。
    The mbile phne n the desk is mine.(桌子上的手机是我的。)
    He bught a villa with fine scenery.(他买了一栋风景优美的别墅。)
    A gentleman in white came int the hall.(一个穿白衣服的绅士走进了大厅。)
    比较:比较介词短语作定语与形容词作定语的区别:
    a bk n the desk(桌子上的一本书)(介词短语修饰名词)
    an interesting bk(一本有趣的书)(形容词修饰名词)
    (2)介词短语作状语
    介词短语作状语时,修饰动词、形容词、副词或者整个句子。
    Classes begin at eight.(8点钟开始上课。)(介词短语修饰动词)
    Jane lks yunger fr her age.(简看起来比她的实际年龄年轻。)(介词短语修饰形容词)
    T my surprise,Li Ming passed the exam at all.(让我感到惊讶的是,李明居然考试及格了。)
    (介词短语修饰全句)
    比较:比较介词短语作状语与副词作状语的区别:
    stand n the hill(站在山上)(介词短语修饰动词)
    stand there(站在那儿)(副词修饰动词)
    (3)介词短语作表语
    He is in danger.(他处于危险之中。)
    We are against/fr yu.(我们反对/支持你。)
    The car is in frnt f the huse.(汽车在房子前面。)
    (4)介词短语作宾语补足语
    Make yurself at hme.(随意一些,就和在你自己家一样。)
    We made Brian ut f danger.(我们使布莱恩脱离了危险。)
    2.表示时间的介词
    表示时间的介词如下:
    1.at,n,in
    A.at:用于表示时刻、时间的某一点
    We usually have lunch at twelve.(我们通常12点吃午饭。)
    B.n:用于表示某天,某一天的上、下午(指具体的某一天时,一律用n)
    We didn’t listen t the lecture n Wednesday afternn.(周三下午我们没去听演讲。)
    C.in:用于表示月、季节、年和泛指的上午、下午、晚上(指在一段时间内)
    Peple g skating in winter.(人们冬天去滑冰。)
    I will cme in the evening.(我晚上会过来。)
    切记:泛指一般的上午、下午时用in。(in the mrning在早上)
    特指某日的上午、下午时用n。(n Sunday mrning在周日早上)
    注意:在this,last,next,every等词前面不能再加其他介词。
    every Mnday/week/spring...每周一/每星期/每个春季……
    They had a bad harvest that year.(他们那年的收成很差。)
    2.befre,after
    A.befre:在……之前
    All passengers must arrive at the airprt tw hurs befre(介词)the departure time.
    (所有的乘客必须在登机前两个小时到达机场。)
    补充:befre的用法:befre既可以作介词又可以作连词。
    He will call me befre(连词)he leaves here/befre(介词)ten ’clck.
    (他离开这儿之前/10点之前,将给我打电话。)
    B.after:在……之后
    The nights start after(介词)half past five in winter.
    (在冬天下午五点半以后夜晚就开始降临了。)
    Please clse the dr after(连词)yu leave the rm.(离开房间后请把门关上。)
    补充:after的用法:after既可以作介词又可以作连词。
    3.by,until/till
    A.by:在……前(时间);截止到……
    Hw many English bks had yu read by the end f last year?
    (到去年年底以前你看过多少本英文书?)
    Ada had left by the time I arrived.(我到时/之前埃达已经走了。)
    B.until/till:直到……为止(时间)
    They wn’t cme back until/till the end f the year.(他们到年底才会回来。)
    (cme是终止性动词,所以用否定式)
    I’ll wait fr him until he cmes here.(我将在这儿一直等到他来。)
    (wait是延续性动词,所以用肯定式)
    说明:until/till句子的特殊性
    在由until/till构成的句子中,动词如果是终止性动词,则必须用否定式。
    比较:by和until/till的区别
    until和till可以通用。另外,until和till还可以作从属连词,引导时间状语从句,而by不能作连词。
    4.fr,during,thrugh
    A.fr:达……之久(表示经过了多少时间)
    fr可以和一般现在时、过去时、将来时连用,但最常和完成时连用。
    He has lived in Ls Angeles fr 50 years.(他在洛杉矶已经住了50年了。)
    Oh!We have t stay here fr an hur.What a waste f time!
    (啊!我们要在这儿呆一个小时。太浪费时间了!)
    切记:fr和during的常用短语
    B.during:在……期间
    Where will yu g during the summer?(今年夏天你打算去哪儿?)
    They are ging t have a gd rest during the winter hlidays.(寒假中他们打算好好休息一下。)
    比较:fr和during的区别
    fr之后大多跟表示时间、具体天数等的数字名词。
    during后绝不能跟表数字的名词。
    C.thrugh:一直……(从开始到结束)
    They played the cards thrugh the night.(他们打了一整夜的牌。)
    Paul stayed in Lndn thrugh the winter.(保罗整个冬天都呆在伦敦。)
    5.frm,since
    A.frm:从……(时间)起
    frm表示“从……开始”时,一般都是用词组,而单纯表示确切的“从几点开始”时用at。
    The meeting will be held frm eight t ten.(会议将从8点开到10点。)
    The meeting will be held at eight.(会议将从8点钟开始。)
    比较:frm和since的区别
    frm用于现在时、过去时及将来时态;frm只能作介词。
    since表示时间时,一般只用于完成时的句子;since还可以作连词。
    B.since:自从……以来(表示从以前某时一直到现在仍在继续)
    I have played the pian since 2006.(我从2006年开始弹钢琴。)(强调一直弹到现在)
    The dctr has saved a lt f lives since he became a dctr.
    (这个医生自行医以来已经挽救了许多人的生命。)(since作连词,引导时间状语从句)
    6.in,within
    A.in:过……之后(未来时间)
    in大多用在将来时(一般将来时和过去将来时)。
    He will be back in five hurs.(他5个小时之后回来。)
    They said they wuld arrive here in a week.(他们说一周后到达。)
    注意:用过去时表示“过后”
    She went t Nanjing last May,and she came back after a mnth.
    (去年5月她去了南京,一个月之后她又回来了。)
    B.within:不超过……的范围
    I must finish painting the cat within five minutes.(我必须在5分钟之内画好这只猫。)
    They wrked hard.They finished the wrk within 2 days at last.
    (他们工作很努力,终于在两天之内完成了这项工作。)
    比较:in和within的区别
    in是以现在为基准,in an hur是指从现在起一小时之后,所以in一般只用于将来时。
    within强调“在……时间内”,没有时态限制。
    3.表示场所、方向的介词
    ①表示场所的介词:at,in,n,under,by,near,between,arund,ppsite等
    ②表示方向的介词:int,ut f,alng,acrss,thrugh,up,dwn,past等
    1.at,in
    A.at:在某地点(表示比较狭窄的场所)
    I’ll meet him at the Beijing railway statin.(我将去北京站接他。)
    B.in:在某地(表示比较宽敞的场所)
    Hng Kng is a very crwded city in the suth f China.
    (香港是中国南方一个非常拥挤的城市。)
    比较:英语中有些词组有没有定冠词the,意义区别很大,此类词组有:
    His brther is in prisn.He was arrested tw years ag.
    (他哥哥两年前被捕的,现在在监狱服刑。)
    Mike wrks in the prisn.(迈克在监狱工作。)
    2.n,abve,ver,under,belw
    A.n:(1)在……上面(有接触面)
    There are tw maps n the wall.(墙上有两幅地图。)
    (2)在靠近……的地方
    B.abve:在……上方(belw的反义词)
    Our plane flew abve the cluds.(我们的飞机在云端上飞行。)
    The sun rse abve the hrizn.(太阳已升到地平线之上。)
    C.ver:在……正上方(under的反义词)
    There is a light ver Li Ming.(李明的头顶有一盏灯。)
    A few birds were flying ver the sea.(有几只鸟在海面上飞翔。)
    There is a stne arch bridge ver the river.(河面上有一座石拱桥。)
    比较:ver与abve的区别
    ver是指“正上方”;而abve只表示“在位置上高于”,但不一定在“正上方”。
    补充:ver的其他意思
    表示“遍及”all ver the wrld全世界
    表示“超过(=mre than)”We have ver 40 bks.(我们有40多本书。)
    表示“越过,在(那边),在……时间内”
    D.under:在……下面(正下方)
    The dg is under the tree.(那只狗在树下。)
    E.belw在……下面(不一定是正下方)
    There are a lt f fishes belw the surface f the water.(水面下有各式各样的鱼。)
    A bat is belw the bridge.(一条船在桥的下面。)
    3.near,by
    A.near:在……附近;靠近
    near还可以修饰时间,如in the near future表示“在不久的将来”。
    D yu live near here?(你住在这附近吗?)
    Is there a bus stp near here?(这附近有公共汽车站吗?)
    B.by:在……旁边(距离比near要近)
    The by is standing by the windw.(这个男孩正站在窗户旁边。)
    补充:“在……旁边”有时也可以用beside来表示。
    4.between,amng,arund
    A.between:在两者之间
    Our teacher is sitting between Tm and Mike.(我们的老师正坐在汤姆和迈克之间。)
    What’s the difference between A and B?(A和B之间有什么区别?)
    B.amng:在三者或更多的人或事物之中
    There is a beautiful castle amng the trees.(树林中有座漂亮的城堡。)
    He is very ppular amng the students.(他在学生之中很受欢迎。)
    C.arund:环绕,在……周围,在……四周
    We sat arund the table.(我们围坐在桌旁。)
    The earth mves arund the sun.(地球围绕太阳转。)
    5.in frnt f,behind,ppsite
    A.in frnt f:在……的前面
    There is a tree in frnt f(强调外部)the classrm.(在教室前面有一颗树。)
    There is a big desk fr the teacher in the frnt f(强调内部)the classrm.
    (在教室的前部有一张给老师用的大讲桌。)
    比较:in frnt f和befre的区别
    两者均表示“在……之前”,但表示场所时要用in frnt f而不用befre;befre用于表示时间、名单或次序等。(in frnt f the huse在房子前面)
    B.behind:在……后面(in frnt f的反义词)
    There is a cherry tree behind my huse.=There is a cherry tree at the back f my huse.
    (我家房子后面有一棵樱桃树。)(可以用at the back f替换behind)
    C.ppsite:在……对面
    Our schl is ppsite a university.(我们学校在一所大学的对面。)
    He std ppsite me.(他站在我对面。)
    6.in,int,ut f,up
    A.in:在……之内(用于表示静止的位置)
    The students are in the classrm.(学生们在教室里。)
    I culd feel the air f tensin in the rm.(我可以感觉到房间里的紧张气氛。)
    B.int:进入(表示有一定的运动方向)
    int表示有特定终点的运动的方向,通常用于表示动作的动词之后,如g,cme等。
    The students ran int the classrm.(学生们跑进了教室。)
    He jumped int the water.(他跳入了水中。)
    C.ut f:出来(也表示有一定的运动方向)
    The students rushed ut f the rm excitedly.(学生们兴奋地冲出了房间。)
    比较:ut f与frm的区别
    ut f表示“由内往外”的动作;frm表示“从……(起点)起”。
    Tm went ut f the rm with Li Ming.(汤姆和李明走出房间。)
    The train is frm Bstn.(这辆火车是从波士顿开过来的。)
    D.up:向上,向高处
    The children climbed up that tree.(孩子们爬上了那棵树。)
    We climbed slwly up the hill.(我们缓缓地爬上了山。)
    补充:ut f的其他含义
    表示“在……范围之外”Dn’t lean ut f the windw!(千万不要倚着窗户探出身去!)
    表示“没有,缺少”He has been ut f wrk fr a year.(他已经失业一年了。)
    7.alng,acrss,past,thrugh
    A.alng:沿着,沿着……的边缘
    I was walking alng the river when it began t rain.(我正沿着河边散步,突然下起雨来了。)
    B.acrss:横过,穿过,越过;在对面
    He ften swims acrss the river.(他常游泳横渡这条河。)
    She went acrss the street t d sme shpping.(她去街对面购物。)
    C.past:经过,越过
    The hspital is a kilmeter past the pst ffice.(医院就在过了邮局一公里处。)
    Every day he runs past the city hall.(他每天跑步经过市政厅。)
    D.thrugh:贯穿,通过
    The Seine river flws thrugh the city.(塞纳河穿过这个城市。)
    The sun shne thrugh the cluds.(阳光穿过云层照射下来。)
    8.t,fr,frm
    A.t:到达……地点(目的地)或方向
    Hw lng des it take t get t the airprt?(到机场要用多长时间?)
    Jeffery has never been t anther cuntry.(杰弗瑞还没有去过别的国家。)
    I am ging n a study trip t Hng Kng.(我打算去香港做一次学习旅行。)
    比较:t与twards的区别
    t表示到达某地,一般指目的地。twards指方向、朝向,而不是目的地。
    He walked twards the gate f the park.(他朝着公园大门走去。)(大门不是目的地)
    B.fr:向……(表示目的地)
    fr表目的地时,一般是和固定动词搭配。
    What time des yur plane leave fr America tmrrw?
    (明天你的航班何时启程去美国?)
    C.frm:从……起(表示起点)
    It takes abut thirty minutes t get t the z frm the bus stp n ft.
    (从车站到动物园步行大约需30分钟。)
    Hw far is it frm Beijing t Hng Kng?(从北京到香港有多远?)
    4.其他介词
    1.with,in,by
    A.with:(1)和……在一起
    I am ging n a package tur t Beijing with my mther.
    (我打算与妈妈参加全包旅游去北京。)
    (2)具有,带有
    He was a handsme by with large bright eyes.
    (他是一个英俊的男孩,有着一双明亮的大眼睛。)
    说明:“with(+形容词)+名词”构成的介词短语可以作定语,放在其所修饰名词的后面,表示名词的特征。
    (3)用某种工具或方法
    Lily cut her hand with a knife.(莉莉用刀把手弄破了。)
    I see with my eyes.(我用眼睛看。)
    What will yu buy with the gift mney?(你会用压岁钱买什么?)
    With the teacher’s help I have made prgress.(在老师的帮助下,我取得了进步。)
    (with ne’s help表示“在某人的帮助下”)
    B.in:表示用什么材料(如墨水、铅笔等),或用什么语言,或表示衣着、声调特点
    She wrte a letter in black ink.(她用黑色的墨水写信。)
    Dn’t write it in pencil but in ink.(别用铅笔写,用钢笔写。)
    Can yu speak in English?(你能用英语说吗?)
    比较:with与in的区别
    用with,in表工具或方法,在译成中文时区别不大,但在英语中的用法却不大相同。
    用with时,后面的名词要加上冠词或代词。
    用in时,后面加物质名词,不能加冠词。
    C.by:通过……方法/手段
    He ges t schl by bicycle.(他骑自行车上学。)
    Please send the litter by airmail.(这封信请用航空邮寄。)
    重要:搭乘交通工具的表示方法
    用by来表示搭乘交通工具的方式、手段时,名词前不加冠词。
    Yu can g there by ship.(你可以坐船去那儿。)
    用in表示时,后面要用冠词或代词,同样坐公共汽车可以说:in the/a bus坐公共汽车
    2.f,frm
    A.f:(属于)……的(表示数量或种类)
    This is a map f China.(这是一幅中国地图。)
    Will yu please give me a cup f tea?(请您给我一杯茶好吗?)
    B.frm:来自(某地、某人);以……(时间或地点)起始
    I’m frm Nanjing.(我来自南京。)
    I have gt an email frm my friend.(我收到了一封我朋友发来的电子邮件。)
    We wrk frm Mnday t Friday.(我们从星期一到星期五上班。)
    3.withut,like,as
    A.withut:没有(with的反义词)
    I cannt finish the wrk withut her help.(没有她的帮助,我不能完成这项工作。)
    I can’t read this English essay withut using a dictinary.(不用字典,我看不了这篇英语短文。)
    Please give me a cup f cffee withut milk.(请给我一杯不加奶的咖啡。)
    B.like:像……一样
    Nancy is just like her mther.(南希和她的妈妈一样。)
    It’s nt like yu t take ffence.(你不像会发脾气的人。)
    比较:be like表示性格、脾气、言行等方面的相像;lk like强调外表相像。
    Nancy lks like her mther.(南希长得很像她的妈妈。)
    C.as:作为
    Steven Hawking is famus as a scientist.(史蒂芬·霍金作为一位科学家而闻名。)
    They treated me as a her.(他们像对待英雄那样对待我。)
    The rm is clean and tidy as usual.(这个房间像平时一样干净整洁。)
    切记:常用介词短语
    be famus as:作为……而闻名
    :把……当作……;把……当成……对待
    as usual:照常,照例
    4.against,abut
    A.against:反对;靠着
    He is against the plan.(他反对这个计划。)
    The teacher is standing against the blackbard.(老师正靠着黑板站着。)
    B.abut:(1)关于;各处;身旁
    Tell me smething abut yur life.(告诉我你的生活情况。)
    He lked abut himself.(他向四处张望。)
    I have n mney abut/with me.(我身上没带钱。)
    (2)询问某人/某物的情况或提出建议
    What abut yur elder sister?(你姐姐情况如何?)
    Hw abut ging t the Disneyland theme park?(去迪士尼主题公园怎么样?)
    5.介词短语
    介词和动词、形容词、名词等一起构成介词短语。介词短语可以作定语、状语、表语和宾语补足语。介词与其他词类的搭配如下:
    1.动词+介词
    A.lk fr:找,寻找
    He is lking fr his bike.(他正在找他的自行车。)
    I lked fr my Mickey watch everywhere,but I didn’t find it.
    (我到处找我的米奇手表,但是没找到。)
    B.play with sth.:玩(耍)
    Dn’t play with fire.(别玩火。)
    C.think f:想起,想到
    When I saw him,I thught f my father.(当我看见他时,就想起了我的父亲。)
    I can’t think f his name at the mment.(我一时想不起他的名字了。)
    补充:think f常用在what d yu think 这一句型中,意思是“你认为……怎么样?”
    D.hear frm sb.:收到某人的来信
    He heard frm his mther last week.=He gt a letter frm his mther last week.
    (他上周收到了他妈妈的来信。)
    说明:hear frm后跟某人
    hear frm后跟某人,如his mther,而不能跟his mther’s letter,但是可以说:
    He gt his mther’s letter.(他收到了她妈妈的信。)
    E.talk abut sth.:谈论某事
    We are talking abut Chinese and Western festivals at an internatinal winter camp.
    (我们在国际冬令营谈论中西方的节日。)
    F.talk t/with sb.:和某人谈论
    Dn’t talk t yur deskmate,Li Ming.(李明,不要和你的同桌讲话。)
    The teacher is talking with Tm’s parents.(老师正在与汤姆的父母交谈。)
    G.lk at:注视
    She lked at the blackbard,but saw nthing.(她盯着黑板看,但什么也没看见。)
    I lked at that fancy pster fr abut five minutes.
    (我看着那张精美的海报大概有5分钟时间。)
    H.listen t:倾听
    I like listening t the radi.(我喜欢听收音机。)
    I listened t him,but heard nthing.(我注意听他说话,但什么也听不见。)
    比较:listen和hear的区别
    listen表示有意识地听,强调听的动作,后面常跟介词t;hear不一定是有意识地,强调听的结果。
    I.call n sb.:拜访某人
    I called n my uncle yesterday.(昨天我看望了我的叔叔。)
    He called n me yesterday mrning.(他昨天早上来拜访我。)
    J.arrive at/in:到达
    We arrived at the Beijing statin at nn.(我们中午到达的北京站。)
    When will Mr.Zhu arrive in India?(周先生什么时候会到达印度?)
    We arrived in Shanghai this mrning.(我们今天早上到的上海。)
    重要:注意“到达”的表达
    arrive at/in中的介词at用于比较小的地方,in用于比较大的地方。
    口语中常用get t代替arrive at/in。
    I’ll get t the factry at three.(我将在3点钟到工厂。)
    K.take care f:照顾
    The ld are taken gd care f in this city.(在这个城市,老人们受到了很好的照顾。)
    They appinted her t take care f that kind ld man.(他们委托她照顾那位慈祥的老人。)
    Wh’s taking care f the dg while yu’re away?(你不在时谁来照看你的狗?)
    L.wait fr:等待
    I’ll wait fr yu until eight ’clck.(我等你到8点钟。)
    Can yu wait fr tw minutes?(你能等两分钟吗?)
    I’ve been waiting fr the bus fr half an hur.(我已经等了半个小时的车。)
    必背:其他常见的由“动词+介词”构成的搭配
    2.be动词+形容词+介词
    A.be kind t:对……亲切
    His stepmther was kind t him.(他的继母对他很好。)
    Wuld yu be a little kind t this pr puppy?(你能不能对这个可怜的小狗好一点?)
    B.be gd at:在……做得好;擅长于……
    Are yu gd at speaking English?(你英语说得好吗?)
    A gd executive must be gd at decisin-making.(优秀的领导者必须善于决策。)
    C.be late fr:迟到
    He is always late fr schl.(他上学总是迟到。)
    I will be late fr my date again.(我这次约会又要迟到了。)
    D.be afraid f:害怕
    The by isn’t afraid f dgs.(这个男孩不怕狗。)
    Dn’t be afraid f my dg,and it wuldn’t hurt a fly.(不要害怕我的狗,它很温驯。)
    E.be srry fr sth.:为……感到抱歉
    I’m srry fr being late again.(抱歉,我又迟到了。)
    He was srry fr her and tried t cheer her up.(他为她感到难过,并试图使她振作起来。)
    注意:“be动词+形容词+介词”的同义转换
    be gd at=can
    He is gd at swimming.(他游泳游得很好。)=He can swim well.
    be full f=be filled with
    The bx is full f lemns.(箱子里装满了柠檬。)=The bx is filled with lemns.
    切记:其他重要的介词短语
    3.介词+名词
    “介词+名词”的搭配,大多作为状语使用。
    A.at+名词
    B.n+名词
    C.fr+名词
    D.in+名词
    E.by+名词
    F.其他介词+名词
    Cmmn Mistakes(注意!失分陷阱!)
    陷阱例题①
    A:D yu knw abut Flrence Nightingale?
    B:Yes,she was well-knwn __________ a nurse in England __________ her kindness t the sick and wunded sldiers.【黄冈中考】
    句意提示:A:你了解弗洛伦丝·南丁格尔吗?
    B:是的,她作为英国的一名护士因她对病人及受伤的战士的关爱而出名。
    陷阱追击:如辨别不清介词的意义及在固定搭配中的用法,则容易在此类题目中误选。
    正确解析:as表示“作为……”;fr在此处引出原因。正确答案为A。
    陷阱例题②
    Nw many children like surfing n the Internet,but __________ the same time they shuld knw that there is smething unhealthy n it.【太原中考】
    句意提示:现在很多孩子喜欢上网,但同时他们也应该知道网络上有一些不健康的东西。
    陷阱追击:本题设置的四个选项均可用于表示时间。如辨别不清这四者的意义及用法,则容易误选。
    正确解析:“at the same time”是固定搭配,意为“与此同时”。正确答案为C。
    陷阱例题③
    A:Can yu see the hle __________ the wall?
    B:Yes,I can see it clearly.【河南中考】
    句意提示:A:你能看见墙上的那个洞吗?B:是的,我能清楚地看见。
    陷阱追击:同一个名词与不同的介词搭配,意义有很大区别。n强调“在……表面上”,in强调“在……内;在……中”。容易误选A。
    正确解析:in the wall意为“在墙里面”,n the wall意为“在墙面上”,正确答案为B。
    陷阱例题④
    China lies __________ the east f Asia and __________ the nrth f Australia.【天津中考】
    句意提示:中国位于亚洲的东部,澳大利亚的北部。
    陷阱追击:表示方位时,主语被包含在某一范围之中用in;表示两地互相接壤用n;主语在某一范围之外用t。这三者极易被误用。
    正确解析:中国是亚洲的一部分用in,中国和澳大利亚不接壤用t。正确答案为B。
    Final Check(实力测验)
    1.用括号中适当的介词填空
    1.He arrived __________ (at,in,fr) Shanghai __________ (in,at,n,fr) the mrning f January 5.
    2.We played tennis __________ (until,by,n) fur ’clck.
    3.There is a clck __________ (n,ver,abve) the wall.
    4.We have n schl __________ (n,at,in,with) Sundays.
    5.She ges t the statin __________ (n,by,in,with) bus.
    6.My answer is different __________ (frm,at,f,fr) yurs.
    7.I’m interested __________ (at,with,n,in) China and Chinese way f life.
    8.Nancy are lking __________ (after,fr,alng,like) the knife.
    9.Tm is very fnd __________ (in,at,with,f) the sea.
    10.I’ll be here __________ (at,in,n,fr) five ’clck.
    11.The bus arrived exactly __________ (n,at,abve) time.
    12.A bridge was built __________ (n,at,ver,abve) the river.
    13.__________ (In,At,T,With) her surprise,she fund herself __________ (in,at,n,with) a different wrld.
    14.We cannt live __________ (with,by,in,withut,fr) water.
    15.The teacher gave me sme advice __________ (abut,n,with,fr) hw t study English.
    2.用适当的介词填空
    1.Abigail is ill.Richard will teach us Chinese instead __________ her.
    2.All f us were invited __________ the party.
    3.Whm des the watch belng __________?
    4.Are yu lking frward __________ the summer hliday?
    5.Let’s ask the pliceman __________ directins.
    6.I spend much mney __________ stamps.
    7.Dn’t frget t thank Lily __________ her help.
    8.Can yu translate the letter __________ English?
    9.I prefer summer __________ winter.
    10.Mst peple regard Picass __________ a great artist.
    11.The rbber rbbed the wman __________ her savings the ther day.
    12.The restaurant was full.We shared a table __________ a yung cuple.
    13.I’ll brrw the mney __________ my parents.
    14.Will yu please lend yur dictinary __________ me?
    15.I cngratulated him __________ passing the exam.
    16.The little by ran away __________ the fire.
    17.I am afraid she can’t catch up __________ the thers in ur class __________ the end f this term.
    18.It rained heavily,but the students decided t g n __________ the ftball match.
    19.We had learned abut mre than ten English sngs __________ the end f this term.
    20.Mary has sent a message __________ her friend.
    3.用适当的介词填空
    1.She will be back __________ a week.(再过一周)
    She will be back __________ a week.(在一周之内)
    2.I shall stay here __________ five.(到五点为止)
    I shall be back __________ five.(最迟在五点之前)
    3.We stayed in Lndn __________ tw weeks.(两周之久)
    We stayed in Lndn __________ the summer vacatin.(在暑假期间)
    KEYS:
    1.
    2.
    3.
    【课后作业】
    1. The Wrld Trade Center in New Yrk was destryed by terrrist attacks September 11, 2001.
    A) inB) byC)atD) n
    2. When Kate came back hme, her mther was busy ____the husewrk.
    A. with B. fr C. by D. abut
    3. --D yu knw the M Yan?
    --Of curse .He wn the 2012 Nbel Prize fr Literature the age f 57.
    4. The Great Green Wall can stp the wind and sand____________ mving t the rich land in the suth f China.
    A) frm B) with C) at D) n
    5. The cncert will begin ______ seven in the evening. Please be there n time.
    A. f B. in C. n D. at
    6. It takes me an hur n average t get frm hme ______ my wrkplace every day.
    A. with B. at C. by D. t
    7. Jhnsn was the first n the list f the famus stars because he was the richest ___ them.
    A) with B) in C) t D) amng
    8. _____May 19, 2013, Chinese Premier Li Keqiang visited India, which was his first
    fficial visit since he tk ffice.
    A) Since B) At C) On D) In
    9. Dn,t be angry_____her. She did try, but failed.
    A)frm B) t C) with D) at
    10. I’m lking after Tm tday. He’s been in my huse_______9:00 this mrning.
    A) at B) fr C) since D) till
    It was reprted that a pwerful typhn hit the Philippines _______________ Nvember, 2013.
    A. inB. atC. nD. f
    12.New Year's Eve, we can watch firewrks and enjy perfrmances.
    A) OnB)InC)AtD)With
    13. It’s essential fr citizens t knw that the haze(雾霾)can d harm ________ peple’s health.
    A) withB) frC) nD) t
    14.His interest _________law led him eventually t becme a lawyer.
    A)in B)n C)t D)with
    15. We enjyed the wnderful firewrk display _______ the night f Natinal Day.
    A)in B)n C)fr D)at
    16. The little girl was quite angry _______ his byfriend fr his being late.
    A)fr B)n C)with D)at
    17. Jane was wrried because there was smething wrng ________ the engine f her car.
    A. fB. withC. atD. by
    1—5 DABAD 6—10 DDCCC 11-15 AADAB 16-17 CB
    1. My father ______his sixties, but he lks much yunger.
    A in B n C at D fr
    2.They are lking fr smene wh is familiar ______ cmputers.
    A t B with C at D fr
    3. Wh is ging t take care f Tm when his parents are away______ business?
    A) f B) t C) with D) n
    4. We shuld give ______ blind a hand when they crss the busy crssing rad.(静安)
    A) / B) a C) an D) the
    5. Nwadays many parents make their children study varius subjects ______weekends.
    A. with B. at C. by D. t
    6. Over 20 cuntries jined t search_______ Flight MH370 in the suthern Indian Ocean.
    A. f B. fr C. in D. frm
    7. March 20 26, the US first lady Michelle Obama was n a trip t China with her daughters and mther.
    A)Between… andB)C)By…tD)On…t
    8._____New Year’s Eve we watched the Spring Festival Gala directed by Feng Xiagang.
    A)In B)On C)At D)/
    9. Our schl celebrates Tree Planting Day _____ March, 12th every year.
    A) at B) fr C) n D) in
    10. We were all favr f this plan after we discussed fr abut tw hurs.
    A) at B) in C) t D) n
    As we all knw, Paris is famus _____its fashinable prducts.
    fr B. as C. with D. abut
    12. Think it ver and let me knw whether yu agree __________ me.
    A) withB) fC) tD) at
    13. It’s knwn that France is famus_______ its wine and beautiful scenery.
    A) n B) in C) at D) fr
    14.What happenedthe passengers n the Flight MH 730 n March 8?
    A) frB)nC) wifeD) t
    15.An e-mail address cnsists _______letters and dts and the symbl‘@’.
    A)in B)f C)fr D)with
    16. The 20th Wrld Cup will be held in Brazil ____ June , 2014.
    A. in B. n C. fr D. at
    17. I think the Gvernment f Malaysia shuld be respnsible ___ the event f flight MH370.
    A. fr B. n C. with D. at
    1—5 ABDDB 6—10BBBCB 11—15AADDBA 16-17 AA
    1. Paying ________ credit card is easier and safer than taking a lt f mney nwadays.
    A) fr B) byC) withD) n
    2.. A grup f teachers went t Guangzhu fr an imprtant activity Dec.20th.
    A) inB) nC) tD) at
    3.Peter and Brian are gd friends. They ften share ideas fr study each ther.
    A) nB) withC) inD) at
    4. We were sad t knw that abut 30 kids had been killed in Sandy Hk, Newtwn, the USA __________ December 14, 2012.
    A) in B) atC) nD) by
    5. G thrugh the infrmatin yu have received and write a news reprt based ____the interview.
    A) n B) byC) in D) fr
    6. An American cmpany has develped a technique that can make bread stay fresh____60 days.
    A) atB)nC) inD) fr
    7. Lily is ging t be respnsible __________ preparing music fr the dancing party.
    A. at B. by C. frm D. fr
    8. It’s s nisy here that the students cannt cncentrate ________ the final examinatin.
    A) f B) at C) n D) fr
    9. M Yan was awarded the 2012 Nbel Prize in Literature at the Stckhlm Cncert Hall in Sweden Mnday.
    A) inB) nC) atD) fr
    10.Thugh Mary’s sn is ________ average height, he is a star in a basketball team.
    A) fr B) with C) f D) by
    11.Liang B(梁博) wn last year’s mst ppular talent shw, The Vice f China(中国好声音)______ September 30, 2012.
    A) t B) n C) at D) in
    12. Pansy hasn't gt the answers______Ken's questins.
    A) by B)t C)fr D) with
    13. The Grade 9 students tk exams ________ Christmas Day this year.
    A) nB) atC) tD) in
    14.A surprising ending can add excitement ________ a film.
    A) frB)tC) atD) n
    15. We’ll start ur jurney ________ the mrning f December 15.
    A) inB) byC) nD) at
    16. A yung cuple decided t sell their shp and started t travel arund the wrld ________ their thirties.
    A) in B) at C)n D) fr
    17. Mtrists wke up t find that their cars were cvered ______ an inch f ice.
    A) inB) nC) frD) with
    18.D yu see the church ______ thse trees? That’s the tallest building in the village.
    A) inB) n C) beyndD) arund
    19. Yung peple shuld learn hw t care ______ thers and hw t respect the ld.
    A) withB) by C) fD) fr
    1—5 BBBCA 6—10DDCBC 11—15BBABC 16—19ADCD
    1. We were s prud ________ winning 38gld medals at the 2012Lndn Olympic Games.
    A. in B. f C. with D. fr
    2. China is a great cuntry ________ a large ppulatin. We are prud f ur mtherland.
    A. f B. n C. with D. by
    3. We have had several Beijing peras in Shanghai Cncert Hall ________ 2010.
    A. fr B. by C. in D. since
    4. Many peple were late ________ wrk this mrning because f the heavy fg.
    A) with B) by C) fr D) abut
    5.Peple send text messages t greet each ther ________ New Year’s Eve.
    A) in B) n C) at D) f
    6. Mr. Silver didn’t g shpping as usual ________ last night.
    A) inB) nC) atD) /
    7. We were asked t check the answers ________ discussing with each ther.
    A) by B) in C) f D) with
    8. Sally always talks abut her hmewrk with her friend ________ the phne.
    A) fB) inC) atD) n
    9. If I didn’t see it ________ my wn eyes, I wuld never believe it pssible.
    A) byB) inC) withD) fr
    10. ________ the natinal day f Ireland, peple wear green t celebrate the life f St. Patrick.
    A) InB) On C) AtD) During
    11. If yu buy this mbile phne, yu can get the earphne ________ free. (长宁区)
    A. frB. with C. in D. by
    12. I made a special card fr my mther ________ Wmen’s Day. (奉贤)
    A) inB) atC) nD) f
    13. After reading the stry, we came t knw nbdy can be successful _____ any effrts. (虹口)
    A) frB) inC) nD) withut
    14. I still remember it was ________ February 14th that Tm and Mary gt married. (黄浦)
    A. in B. at C. n D. frm
    15. We are thankful t thse wh supprted us when we were ________ truble. (黄浦)
    A. in B. by C. abut D. fr
    16. Xi Jinping, president f China, arrived at Mscw ________ March 22, 2013 and paid a tw-day visit t Russia with his wife Peng Liyuan. (金山)
    A) in B) at C) t D) n
    17. Gd friends always share happiness and sadness ________ each ther. (静安、青浦)
    A) t B) byC) n D) with
    1—5 BCDCB 6—10DADCB 11—15ACDCA 16—17DD
    1. The wedding f Prince William and Kate Middletn was held in Westminster Cathedral __________ April 29, 2011.( 浦东)
    A. in B. n C. at D. by
    2. They arrived there a cld winter evening. ( 松江)
    A. n B. in C. during D. at
    3. Lucy thinks yung peple can learn hw t care fr thers ____ keeping pets. ( 闵行)
    A .at B. n C. in D. by
    4. Gu Jingming, 24, has tpped the 2011 Rich List f Chinese Writers, which was published ______Nvember 21, 2011. ( 金山)
    A. in B. n C. at D. fr
    5.Whether ur schl will g t the amusement park next week depends_______the weather. ( 徐汇)
    abut B. n C. f D. in
    6. A: When did it begin t snw? ( 宝山)
    B: It started ______ the night.
    A. during B. by C. frm D. at
    7.The pstman cried ut dwnstairs, “Mr. Andersn, here is a letter _____ yu.” ( 虹口)
    A. f B. n C. with D. fr
    8. Jyce wrte an article _______ hw t imprve ur memry fr the schl newspaper. ( 长宁)
    A. fr B. n C. in D. at
    9. Jessie is keen watching the TV shw One ut f 100 at the weekend. ( 崇明)
    A. n B.in C. t D. with
    10. _______December 11,2001, China frmally became the 143rd member f the WTO( 奉贤)
    A. in B. On C. At D. Until
    11. The Yangtze River runs____________ the muntains, thrugh the beautiful Three Grges and finally int the sea. ( 黄浦)
    A. at B. t C. n D. Dwn
    12.I hear ur head teacher will be back frm USA three weeks' time. ( 嘉定)
    A.at B. f C.in D.with
    13. Yu can imprve yur spken English using it mre and mre. ( 静安)
    A. in B. at C. by D. frm
    14. The wrst fire ccurred (发生)in Hng Kng Nvember 30, 201 1. ( 卢湾)
    A. in B.n C. at D. by
    15. Jack was lucky t get tw tickets ________ that cncert. (2011年 普陀)
    A. fr B. in C. n D. abut
    16. My uncle wants t buy a new huse a small garden beside the Dianshan Lake. ( 青浦)
    A. at B.f C.in D. with
    17. The NBA is in a lckut (停摆) because players and wners failed t reach a new deal July 1st. ( 杨浦)
    A. in B.n C. at D. since
    18. It was nt a gd explanatin, but it satisfied Eddie ____ the time being. ( 闸北)
    A. n B. at C. fr D. with
    1—5 BADBB 6—10 CDBAB 11—15 DBCBA 16—18 DBC
    初中语法讲义
    介词
    年 月 日
    类别
    举例
    表示年、月、日、时刻
    at,n,in
    表示时间的前后
    befre,after
    表示期限
    by,until,till
    表示期间
    fr,during,thrugh
    表示时间的起点
    frm,since
    表示时间的经过
    in,within
    at lunch在午餐时
    at dawn在黎明
    at nn正午时
    at that time那时
    at night在夜间
    at the mment此刻,目前
    at present目前
    at nine(’clck)在9点钟
    at first起初,开始的时候
    at/n the weekend在周末
    at last最后
    at the same time同时
    at times偶尔,有时
    at the end f (the) year在年末
    at the Spring Festival在春节
    at the Lantern Festival在元宵节
    at the time f (the) year在一年中的这个时候
    n Mnday在周一
    n Tuesday mrning在周二早上
    n yur birthday在你生日那天
    n August 8,2008在2008年8月8日
    n a fine mrning在一个晴朗的早晨
    n a cld night在一个寒冷的夜晚
    n the New Year’s Eve在除夕
    n the mrning f Natinal Day在国庆节的上午
    n Children’s Day在儿童节那天
    n the night f July (the) first在7月1日的夜晚
    in January在一月
    in Nvember在十一月
    in March在三月
    in the mrning在上午
    in May在五月
    in the afternn在下午
    in spring在春季
    in the evening在晚上
    in 2010在2010年
    in autumn在秋季
    in summer在夏季
    in winter在冬季
    in the 21st century在21世纪
    in September,2018在2018年9月
    this mrning今天上午
    last Friday上周五
    next Sunday下周日
    by the end f在……底(之前)
    by six ’clck在6点之前
    by then到那时
    by next Friday在下周五之前
    by the time+从句 在……之前
    by seven ’clck截至7点钟(一般和完成时连用)
    until seven ’clck直到7点(7点以前)
    fr a year一年
    fr a few days几天
    fr twenty weeks二十周
    during the lessn上课期间
    during the war/the night战争期间/夜间
    in an hur一小时之后
    in a week r s大约一星期之后
    within 3 hurs 3个小时之内
    within a week一周之内
    at the schl gate在学校门口
    at 2 Baker Street在贝克街2号
    at hme在家
    at the dr在门边
    at a factry在一家工厂
    at the bttm f在……下面/底部
    at the party在聚会上
    at the back f在……后边
    at the end f在……末尾
    at the head f在……排头
    at Mike’s huse在迈克家
    at the crssrads在十字路口
    at the htel在宾馆
    at the bus stp在公共汽车站
    at the airprt在机场
    at my desk在我的书桌旁
    in Beijing在北京
    in the wrld在世界上
    in China在中国
    in the street在街上
    in the yard在院子里
    in a rm在房间里
    in the middle在中部
    in the huse在房子里
    in the air在空中
    in the newspaper在报纸上
    in the pht在照片里
    in the picture在图画里
    in a queue排队
    in the pen air在户外
    at table在进餐
    at the table在桌旁
    in hspital在医院(住院)
    in the hspital在医院(工作或探望……)
    in/at church在做礼拜
    in/at the church在教堂里
    in prisn在监狱(服刑)
    in the prisn在监狱(工作或探望……)
    n the desk在桌子上面
    n the map在地图上
    n the right在右边
    n the river在河边
    ver the wall越过墙
    ver there在那边
    ver the night整个晚上
    under the table在桌子下面
    under the jacket在夹克下
    by the windw在窗户旁边
    by me在我旁边
    leave fr动身去……
    start fr出发去
    with my ears用我的耳朵
    with a pencil用一支铅笔
    in ink用墨水(钢笔)
    in pencil用铅笔
    by bicycle骑自行车
    by plane/by air坐飞机
    by car坐小汽车
    by bus坐公共汽车
    by train坐火车
    by taxi坐出租车
    类型
    例词
    动词+介词
    talk abut
    lk at
    be动词+形容词+介词
    be kind t
    be fnd f
    介词+名词
    at hme
    n ft
    pay fr为……而付出钱/代价
    lk after照看,照料
    suffer frm忍受……(痛苦等)
    learn frm向……学习
    lk like看起来像
    think abut考虑
    lk int调查
    laugh at嘲笑
    mve t搬家,移动到……
    get n上车/get ff下车
    hear f/abut听到,听说,获知
    get int上车(小汽车、卧车等)
    jump int跳进
    knck at/n敲……
    lk frward t期待,盼望
    fall ff跌下,从……掉下来
    lk dwn n轻视,瞧不起
    lk up t尊敬,仰慕
    run away frm从……跑开,离开
    believe in相信,信仰
    aplgize t sb. (fr sth.)
    (因某事)向某人道歉
    talk t/with sb. abut sth.
    和某人谈论某事
    deal with/d with处理
    ask fr向……要求
    die f (cancer)死于(癌症)
    wrry abut为……而担心
    set thrugh完成,结束;接通电话
    die frm (a wund)死于(重伤)
    write t sb.给某人写信
    brrw sth. frm sb.从某人处借到某物
    lend sth. t sb.把……借给某人
    belng t属于
    thank sb. fr sth.因为某事而感谢某人
    agree with sb.同意某人的意见
    be absent frm缺席
    be prud f以……为自豪
    be different frm和……不同
    be famus fr因……而著名
    be fnd f爱好,喜欢
    be pleased with乐于……
    be full f充满,装满
    at hme在家
    at schl在学校
    at last最后,终于
    at present目前
    at first起初
    at nce立刻
    at least至少,起码
    at night在夜晚
    at wrk在工作
    n ft步行
    n time按时,准时
    n a trip旅行
    n TV在电视上
    n shw展览
    n fire着火
    n business出差
    n the train坐火车
    n purpse故意
    n ne’s way在……的路上
    n the radi/the phne/the Internet用收音机/电话/互联网
    fr a while一会儿
    fr neself为了自己
    fr example例如
    fr hurs/days/years有好几小时/天/年
    in English用英语
    in thse days在那时
    in my pinin据我看来
    in the end终于
    in time及时
    in class课上
    by the way顺便说
    by mistake错误地
    by credit card用信用卡
    by neself独自地
    by the end f截至
    by 6 ’clck截至6点
    by air/plane坐飞机
    by sea/ship坐船
    by bus/train坐公交车/火车
    after schl放学后
    f curse当然
    with pleasure高兴
    A.as;fr
    B.fr;as
    C.t;fr
    D.as;t
    A.in
    B.by
    C.at
    D.n
    A.n
    B.in
    C.amng
    D.between
    A.t;t
    B.in;t
    C.t;in
    D.in;n
    1.in,n
    2.until
    3.n
    4.n
    5.by
    6.frm
    7.in
    8.fr
    9.f
    10.at
    11.n
    12.ver
    13.T,in
    14.withut
    15.n
    1.f
    2.t
    3.t
    4.t
    5.fr
    6.n
    7.fr
    8.int
    9.t
    10.as
    11.f
    12.with
    13.frm
    14.t
    15.n
    16.frm
    17.with,at
    18.with
    19.by
    20.t
    1.in;within
    2.until/till;by
    3.fr;during
    A) in
    B) at
    C)n
    D) t

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