适用于新高考新教材2024版高考英语二轮复习专项能力提升练阅读理解考点分类练9词句猜测题3课件

这是一份适用于新高考新教材2024版高考英语二轮复习专项能力提升练阅读理解考点分类练9词句猜测题3课件，共30页。PPT课件主要包含了Passage 1，Passage 2，Passage 3等内容，欢迎下载使用。
(2023湖南衡阳二模)D yu ever feel guilty fr relaxing,even after yu’ve wrked hard all day?D yu feel like yu shuld be ding mre despite wrking full hurs and nearing burnut?Yu may be experiencing prductivity dysmrphia(生产力畸形).It is a way t describe the feeling f failing t recgnize yur accmplishments and wanting t cntinue ding mre,even when yu’re running n fumes. Authr Anna Cdrea-Rad wh wrte an article abut prductivity dysmrphia claimed “it is the pursuit f prductivity that drives us t d mre while rbbing us f the ability t enjy any success we might encunter alng the way”.
Highly cmpetitive and jb-led culture cntributes t cnstantly pursuing prductivity that eats away at ther areas f life.In fact,yu’re ften praised fr putting prductivity abve yur well-being.Remember hw schls rewarded perfect attendance?Similarly,cmpanies prefer emplyees wh get the maxi-mum wrk dne while taking the fewest pssible breaks.Rewards like these have strengthened that rest is bad and that being cnstantly at wrk is the right thing t d.Plus,the prblem isn’t that the bss tells them t d it,but rather that they internalize the need t always be prductive even when they’re ging sme-where t enjy leisure time.Habits like these may be brn ut f the scial pressure t find self-wrth in wrk achievements.
Sme writers have even begun describing rest as prductive,as if peple shuld stp relaxing if it desn’t imprve perfrmance in sme way.Nt nly des this mindset make it difficult t view and celebrate yur achievements, but it als pushes yu t build yur entire life arund wrk.The nly milestnes that matter are achieving wrk gals.The wrst part?There’s n sense f fulfillment when yu reach these gals.[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。本文说明了“生产力畸形”概念的产生,其形成的原因,以及对人们生活的影响。
1.What d the underlined wrds “running n fumes” mean in paragraph 1?A.Tired.D.Disappinted.
解析 词句猜测题。根据第一段的“D yu feel like yu shuld be ding mre despite wrking full hurs and nearing burnut?”以及画线词上文“It is a way t describe the feeling f failing t recgnize yur accmplishments and wanting t cntinue ding mre,even when yu’re”可知,生产力畸形是在你极度疲劳的状态下,仍然想继续工作,对自己已完成的工作没有成就感的一种体验。故画线部分意思是“疲惫的”。
2.Which is the reasn fr cnstantly pursuing prductivity?A.Minr frm frm the needs.
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段的“Highly cmpetitive and jb-led culture cntributes t cnstantly pursuing prductivity that eats away at ther areas f life.”和第四段的“Plus,the prblem isn’t that the bss tells them t d it,but rather that they internalize the need t always be prductive even when they’re ging sme-where t enjy leisure time.”可知,内化的需求是我们不断追求生产力的原因。
3.Which may be an example f prductivity dysmrphia?A.A man cmpletes wrk in wrking hurs.B.A man enjys leisure time with his family.C.A wman wrks everywhere at anytime.D.A wman stps fr a relaxatin regularly.
解析 推理判断题。根据第一段的“D yu feel like yu shuld be ding mre despite wrking full hurs and nearing burnut?Yu may be experiencing prductivity dysmrphia.”可推知,文章对“生产力畸形”的解释——在极度疲劳的状态下,仍然想继续工作,对自己已完成的工作没有成就感,故而“无论何时何地都在工作”符合定义。
4.What is the authr’s attitude twards the descriptin f sme writers?A.Favrable.D.Neutral.
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段可推知,本文作者对一些作家的描述持否定态度。
(2023安徽蚌埠三模)Wheat and crn are used t make bread,pizza and ther delicius fds, but in a few years they culd als pwer yur car.Renewable bifuels culd sn replace the harmful fssil fuels that we’re used t using.It’s nw well established that fssil fuels are incredibly harmful t ur health and the envirnment and they’re nt renewable,either.When s many peple rely n petrl and diesel(柴油) t pwer vehicles,it makes sense t develp a renewable alternative that’s easy t use.
That’s where bifuel cmes in.The mst cmmn bifuel prduced glbally is ethanl(乙醇),and it’s used frequently in Brazil and the US,while bidiesel is mre ppular in Eurpe.Hwever,first-generatin bifuels like ethanl have gt issues that need fixing befre they can g mainstream.It currently takes mre ethanl than gasline t prduce the same amunt f energy,fr instance.Prductin is expensive,and several parts f the prcess smetimes use fssil fuels,which means that sme bifuels aren’t actually carbn-free.
Sme envirnmental campaigners als say that it wuld be mre useful t grw crps fr fd rather than bifuel,and that grwing crps fr bifuel can cause prblems with sil lss and defrestatin.Using land fr fuel rather than fd can lead t an increase in fd prices,t,and can affect natural habitats.Crp and fat-based bifunels may nt be perfect,but thse aren’t the nly bifuels available.Sme rganisatins are creating bifuels with algae(海藻) instead.This prcess uses water and land that ften isn’t suitable fr many ther situatins,s it desn’t take up space that’s useful fr fd prductin, and it ften has better yields(产量) than ther types f bifuel cmpnents.
There’s plenty f develpment beynd algae,t.Sme cmpanies even use seaweed.Scientists are als wrking n plans that will be able t abstract bifuels frm husehld waste,wd chips and ther junk—a mve that culd massively increase the material that’s viable fr bifuel prductin.These secnd-generatin bifuels culd make bifuel far cheaper and mre accessible,and help cut emissins dwn.[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了可再生生物燃料目前存在的问题和好处,以及对它的展望。
5.Why are bifuels suppsed t replace fssil fuels?A.Fssil fuels are difficult t fuels are harmful t are ecnmical and are ec-friendly and sustainable.
解析 推理判断题。根据第一段中“Renewable bifuels culd sn replace the harmful fssil ’s easy t use.”可推知,化石燃料对我们的健康和环境有害,而且它们也是不可再生的,而生物燃料是环保和可持续的,所以要用生物燃料取代化石燃料。
6.What is paragraph 2 mainly abut?A.The ptential f advantages f ppularity f ethanl in prblems with first-generatin bifuels.
解析 主旨大意题。根据第二段中“Hwever,first-generatin bifuels like ethanl have gt means that sme bifuels aren’t actually carbn-free.”可知,第二段主要讲述了第一代生物燃料的问题。
7.Why is algae used t create bifuels by sme rganisatins?A.It can reduce sil is ften mre ccupies n land t helps t lwer fd prices.
解析 推理判断题。根据第四段中“Sme rganisatins are creating bifuels with algae ther types f bifuel cmpnents.”可推知,用藻类制造生物燃料不会占用对粮食生产有用的空间,而且具有更好的产量,所以是效率更高。
8.What des the underlined wrd “viable” in the last paragraph prbably mean?A.Stable.D.Flexible.
解析 词句猜测题。根据最后一段中画线单词前文“Scientists are als wrking n plans that will be able t abstract bifuels frm husehld waste, wd chips and ther junk—a mve that culd massively increase the material”可推知,此处应该是增加可用于生物燃料生产的材料,所以viable应该是“可行的”之意,和C项“Wrkable”意思相近。
(2023浙江杭州二模)Kenya has been at the frefrnt(前沿) f the glbal war n plastic since the gvernment banned single-use plastics in prtected areas in June 2020. Unfrtunately,the preventive measures have barely received attentin. Hundreds f tns f industrial and cnsumer plymer waste cntinue t get dumped int landfills daily.Hwever,if 29-year-ld Nzambi Matee has her way,the unsightly plastic heaps will sn be transfrmed int clrful bricks. 
The materials engineer’s seeking t find a practical slutin t cntrl plastic pllutin began in 2017.She quit her jb and set up a small lab in her mther’s backyard.It tk her nine mnths t prduce the first brick and even lnger t cnvince a partner t help build the machinery t make them.But the determined ec-entrepreneur was cnfident in her idea and did nt give up.She says,“I wanted t use my educatin t handle plastic waste pllutin. But I was very clear that the slutin had t be practical,sustainable,and affrdable.The best way t d this was by channeling the waste int the cnstructin space and finding the mst efficient and affrdable material t build hmes.” Her cmpany prduces ver 1,500 bricks a day.The pavers are made using a mix f plastic prducts that cannt be reprcessed r recycled.
The cllected plastic is mixed with sand,heated at very high temperatures, and cmpressed(压缩) int bricks that vary in clr and thickness.The resulting prduct is strnger,lighter,and abut 30 percent cheaper than cncrete bricks.Mre imprtantly,it helps repurpse the lwest quality f plastic.“There is that waste they cannt prcess anymre;they cannt recycle.That is what we get,” Matee says.
Matee is nt nearly dne.Her dream is t reduce the muntain f trash t just a hill by increasing prductin and expanding her fferings.She says,“The mre we recycle the plastic,the mre we prduce affrdable husing,the mre we created mre emplyment fr the yuth.”[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了材料工程师Nzambi Matee通过自己的努力,创造性地解决塑料垃圾污染的问题。
9.What des the underlined sentence in paragraph 1 imply?A.Matee’s methd can be effective if ’s idea has been widely bricks are in huge waste hasn’t attracted enugh attentin.
解析 词句猜测题。根据画线句子前的Hwever可知,该句话的意思与画线句子前的内容为转折关系,根据画线句子前的“Unfrtunately,the preventive measures have barely received attentin.Hundreds f tns f industrial and cnsumer plymer waste cntinue t get dumped int landfills daily.”可知,政府的一些治理塑料污染的预防措施几乎没有取得实质的效果,大量的垃圾仍然被倒进垃圾填埋场,由此可知,画线句子的意思与此相反,应为“如果Matee的方法被采用可能会有效”。
10.Which f the fllwing can best describe Nzambi Matee?A.Generus and and and and mdest.
解析 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“But the determined ec-entrepreneur was cnfident in her idea and did nt give up.”可知Matee对自己的想法绝不会放弃,说明她很有决心;根据第三段中的“The best way t d this was by channeling the waste int the cnstructin space and finding the mst efficient and affrdable material t build hmes.”可知,她认为最好的方法是将废物引入建筑空间,这种想法很有创造性。由以上内容可知,Matee是一个有创造性且有决心的人。
11.What is Nzambi Matee’s ultimate purpse in using a mix f plastic prducts?A.T build cheaper supprt the create jb tackle plastic pllutin.
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“She says,‘I wanted t use my educatin t handle plastic waste pavers are made using a mix f plastic prducts that cannt be reprcessed r recycled.”可知,将塑料产品的混合物做成铺路砖最终目的是解决塑料污染问题。
12.Which f the fllwing is the best title fr the text?A.Kenya:Pineer in Banning Plastic Single-use PlasticsB.Nzambi Matee:Innvatr in Slving Plastic WasteC.Mix f Plastic Prducts:A New Cnstructin MaterialD.Plastic Recycling:A Creative Slutin t Pllutin
解析 主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“The materials engineer’s seeking t find a practical slutin t cntrl plastic pllutin began in 2017.”可知,材料工程师Nzambi Matee寻求实用的方法来解决塑料垃圾污染问题,以及第三段中的“She says,‘I wanted t material t build hmes.’”可知,她认为解决问题的方法必须是实用、持续以及可负担的,她提出了将塑料垃圾转换到建筑空间之中的想法,并结合全文可知,标题“Nzambi Matee:解决塑料垃圾污染问题的创新者”符合文章主题。
词汇积累:1.(Passage 1)guilty adj.内疚的,羞愧的2.(Passage 1)fail t d sth.未能做某事3.(Passage 1)accmplishment n.成绩,成就4.(Passage 1)pursuit n.追求5.(Passage 1)rb sb.f sth.剥夺某人某物6.(Passage 1)encunter vt.遇到,遭遇7.(Passage 1)sense f fulfillment成就感8.(Passage 2)alternative n.替代品
9.(Passage 2)take up 占据10.(Passage 2)abstract adj.抽象的11.(Passage 3)ban vt.禁止12.(Passage 3)barely adv.几乎没有13.(Passage 3)seek t d sth.寻求做某事14.(Passage 3)quit vt.离开(工作岗位、学校等)15.(Passage 3)sustainable adj.可持续的