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专题23.Unit4词汇与语法--2024年暑假英语初升高衔接之专题突破（牛津译林版）
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1．skip vt.
2．ygurt n．
3．cncentrate vi.& vt.
4．slim vi.
5．per cent n．
6．prve linking v．
7．diet n．
8．nutritin n．
9．functin vi.
10．memry n．
11．rather adv.
12．aspect n．
13．attack n． 抨击
14．amunt n．
15．schedule n．
16．plastic adj.
17．surgery n．
18．campus n．
19．guy n．
20．saying n．
21．shadw n．
22．digital adj.
23．series n．
24．external adj.
25．cntent n．
二．词汇拓展
1．immediately adv.立即，马上 cnj.一……就→ adj.立刻的，马上的
2．extreme adj.极端的；严重的 n．极端不同的感情(或境况、行为方式等)→ adv.极端地
3．effect n．效果，作用；影响→ adj.有效的；生效的
4．energetic adj.精力充沛的，充满活力的→ n．精力
5．frightened adj.害怕的，惊吓的，受惊的→ vt.使恐惧→ adj.令人恐惧的
6．pressure n．心理压力，紧张；压力；要求，催促→ vt.& vi.催促，逼迫；按，压；挤，推 n．报章杂志，报刊
7．cntribute vi.& vt.是……的原因之一；捐赠，捐献；增加，添加→ n．贡献
8．treatment n．治疗；对待，待遇；处理→ vt.治疗；对待
9．additin n．增加，添加；加法→ v．增加
10．beauty n．美，美丽；美人，美好的东西→ adj.美丽的
11．fashin n．时尚，时兴；流行款式→ adj.时尚的，流行的
12．strength n．优势；力气，力量；实力→ v．巩固，加强→ adj.强壮的
13．talent n．天资，天赋；人才，天才→ adj.有才能的
14．achievement n．成就，成绩；达到，完成→ v．完成，达到
三．知识解析
知识点01 She tld me she had truble cncentrating in class.
cncentrate vi.& vt.集中(注意力、思想等)；全神贯注
[单句语法填空/一句多译]
①Instead f just cncentrating the side effects f the drug，we shuld ntice its functins.
②He cncentrated his energy n (study) the histry f Lulan.
③爸爸希望我能集中注意力于我所学的东西上。
→My father hpes that I can .(cncentrate)
→My father hpes that I can .(fcus)
→My father hpes that I can .(put ne’s heart int)
知识点2 They are increasing their effrts t educate teenagers abut the side effects f lsing weight t quickly.
effect n．效果，作用；影响
[单句语法填空/完成句子]
①One f the mst (effect) ways t reduce stress is t talk abut feelings with smene yu trust.
②As far as I’m cncerned，punishment had very little effect him.
③The Drink Driving Law frm May 1,2011.
酒驾法律自2011年5月1日开始生效。
④ accrding t the dctr.
医生说这种药很快就会见效。
知识点3 These s-called ‘quick-fix methds’ prve t be harmful t teenagers.
prve linking v．证明是；被发现是 vt.证明，证实
[单句语法填空/完成句子]
①Perhaps this bk will prve (be) f sme use t yu in yur studies.
② the new medicine has side effects.
据证实这种新药有副作用。
③The advice yu gave us .
你给我们的建议证明是很有价值的。
知识点4 I was very frightened when I wke up in hspital last Thursday.
frightened adj.害怕的，惊吓的，受惊的
[单句语法填空/完成句子]
①All the stne figures in the temple lked s (frighten)．
②The man frightened the little by fllwing him.
③It is prved that many peple snakes.
据证实很多人害怕蛇。
④ signing the paper.
他们恐吓那位老太太在文件上签字。
知识点5 It is nrmal fr teenagers t be slightly verweight and there is n reasn why they shuld be wrried.
It＋is＋adj.＋fr/f sb.＋t d sth.
[完成句子]
①It was very kind in persn.
你亲自来帮我真是太好了。
② a farewell speech here n behalf f the students f ur schl.
我非常荣幸在这里代表我们学校的学生发表告别演说。
③Smetimes their wn chices.
有时候，孩子们自己做出选择是必要的。
知识点6.Jennifer was fund t have dangerusly lw bld sugar levels and was treated immediately.
immediately adv.立即，马上 cnj.一……就
①Even thugh I hadn’t seen my classmate fr many years，I recgnized him .
尽管我已经很多年没见过我的同学了，但我立刻认出了他。
② ，the students rushed ut.
铃一响，学生们就冲了出去。
③Instead f ，ur teacher encurages us t think by urselves.
我们老师不是立即给我们答案，而是鼓励我们自己思考。
知识点7. We strngly encurage all teenagers t fllw these lifestyle tips，because living well is the safest and mst effective way t get int shape.
get int shape 强身健体
①The children enjy the snw figures f different peple and animals.
孩子们喜欢把雪捏成不同的人和动物的形状。
②Lk！The frnt part f the car is nw ttally due t the crash.
瞧！由于撞车，汽车前面现在完全变形了。
③Sme ygurt bxes were fruits.
一些酸奶盒子是水果形状的。
知识点8 Everyne knws that the amunt f quality sleep that/which we get is imprtant t us.
amunt n．数量
[单句语法填空/完成句子]
①A large amunt f water (waste) every day.
②Large amunts f sil (wash) away every year.
③Their annual incme amunted 10,000 yuan last year.
④ advertisements every year.
每年都有大量的钱花在广告上。
知识点9 Try t stick t yur sleep schedule at the weekend t...
schedule n．日程安排，工作计划；时间表 vt.为……安排时间；预定
[单句语法填空/完成句子]
①It is required that all f us be present at the meeting schedule.
②It is said that the meeting (schedule) at three ’clck this afternn.
③As lng as yu cncentrate n yur task，yu can finish it n schedule r even ahead schedule.
④The debate whse tpic is whether students shuld be vlunteers n April 15.
这场话题为学生是否应该做志愿者的辩论定于4月15日举行。
知识点10. Mr Wilsn is very happy with the treatment.
treatment n．治疗；对待，待遇；处理
[单句语法填空/完成句子]
①Male and female must (treat) equally in educatin and emplyment.
②The player is under gd (treat) and he will recver frm his injury in time fr the next game.
③He is an extremely devted physician，wh treats his wrk (serius)．
④Treat thers in the way .
己所不欲，勿施于人。
知识点11 They will nly end up feeling wrse abut themselves.
end up 最终成为，最终处于
[单句语法填空]
①He started as an emplyee and ended up head f the cmpany.
②The cnference ended up (sign) n agreement.
③If yu take the time and effrt t d this，yu’ll end up mre friends.
知识点12.Fcusing n yur strengths als helps yu build yur cnfidence.
strength n．力气，力量；实力；优势
[单句语法填空/完成句子]
①One idea is that sleep helps us (strng) new memries.
②It is imprtant that we shuld take int accunt ur (strength) and weaknesses.
③The f his diet is that it cntains plenty f vitamin and fibre.
他的饮食的优点是含有大量的维生素和纤维。
知识点13.Hwever，like a bk，yur cntents are much mre imprtant than yur cver.
cntent n．内容；(pl.)目录；含量；容器所装之物 vt.使满意，使满足 adj.满意的，满足的
[一词多义/完成句子]
①My aplgy seemed t cntent him.
②She drpped her purse and the cntents fell ut n the flr.
③Bth his parents are cntent t live in the cuntryside where the air is very fresh.
④Frm my pint f view，yu can nt such a small success.
在我看来，你不能满足于这样的小成就。
⑤With s much related experience，I am cnvinced that .
有这么多相关的经验，我相信你一定会对我感到满意的。
知识点14 Yur friends als influence the way yu view yur physical appearance.
the way 后的定语从句
[单句语法填空/完成句子]
①WeChat has changed the way we made friends.
②The way he tld us was quite simple t wrk ut the prblem.
③I dn’t like the way .
我不喜欢你和你妈妈说话的方式。
知识点15. This has prved t have a negative effect n what yu think f yur physical appearance.
what 引导宾语从句
[单句语法填空/完成句子]
①She is talking abut she experienced in Hubei last year.
②I truly believe beauty cmes frm within.
③We shuld never pretend t knw .
我们决不应该假装知道我们不知道的事情。
④We wnder .
我们想知道是什么使得她那么生她丈夫的气。
知识点16 Yur friends may pst a never-ending series f phts nline t shw ff their beautiful dresses r strng bdies..
shw ff 炫耀，卖弄；显示，展示
①Mst peple like their wealth.
大多数人喜欢炫富。
②Yu are cming t ur city this weekend.I will be glad t shw yu then.
这个周末你要来我们城市。 到那时我很乐意带你参观。
③A girl came ut f the building and shwed me .
一个女孩从楼里出来，把我领了进去。
④It’s eight ’clck，but they haven’t shwed .
八点钟了，但是他们还没到。
知识点17.Everyne has their wn talents...
talent n．天赋，天资；人才，天才
①All the ftball players n the playgrund cheered ludly，saying that I ftball.
操场上所有的足球运动员都大声欢呼，说我有足球天赋。
②It is well-knwn that Beethven is a (talent) musician.
众所周知，贝多芬是一位才华横溢的音乐家。
③她为自己的儿子有音乐天赋而感到自豪。
→She is prud that her sn music.(talented)
→She is prud that her sn music.(talent)
随堂练习
一.单词拼写
1．T be hnest，I am really against such (极端的) measures.
2．A gd breakfast can definitely keep yu the whle day.
3．It is the driver， than the passengers，that is t blame fr it.
4．I knw studying is imprtant，but my parents put t much n me.
5．The ppular TV (系列节目) gave us much jy and surprise.
6．Jhn n his studies thugh there were much nise utside.
7．Despite the heavy rain，the schl bus arrived n .
二.单句语法填空
1．His parents tk pride the achievements he had made.
2．The prisner wh escaped frm the prisn ended being caught again.
3．Later，he fund the measures mre (effect) than befre.
4．At last she gt a chance t shw her talent befre a real audience.
5．The best (treat) fr a cld is t rest and drink a lt f water.
6．We all admire the scientist fr her (cntribute) t ur cuntry.
语法
语法精析
当先行词在定语从句中作状语时，要用关系副词引导定语从句。常用的关系副词主要有where，when，why。
1．关系副词where
where引导的定语从句的先行词往往是表示地点的名词(如place，rm，huse，spt等)，关系副词where在从句中作地点状语。常用in which，at which，n which等代替。
They are playing in the park where(＝in which) there are many flwers.
他们正在有很多花的公园里玩耍。
The ffice where(＝at which) the girl wrks is nt far frm here.
这个女孩工作的办公室离这儿不远。
[疑难点津]
有一些先行词，如pint，stage，psitin，case，cnditin等，属于抽象的地点名词，如果定语从句中缺状语，需用where引导。
Yu reach a pint in any prject where yu just want t get the thing finished.
从事任何项目你都会进入一种境界：一心想完成它。
We reached a stage where we had t answer vilence with vilence.
我们到了必须用暴力来对抗暴力的境地。
2．关系副词when
when引导定语从句时，先行词往往是表示时间的名词(如time，day，week，mnth，year等)，关系副词when在从句中作时间状语。常用n which，in which，at which，during which等代替。
There used t be a time when(＝during which) I hated ging t schl.
我有一段时间不愿意去上学。
I’ll never frget the day when(＝n which) I left fr cllege with my father.
我永远不会忘记我和父亲动身去大学的那天。
3．关系副词why
why引导定语从句时，先行词常为reasn，关系副词why在从句中作原因状语。可用fr which代替。
Can yu explain the reasn why(＝fr which) yu dn’t help him?
你能解释一下不帮助他的原因吗？
Can yu tell me the reasn why yu didn’t cme t his birthday party?
你能告诉我你没参加他的生日宴会的原因吗？
[疑难点津]
表示时间、地点及原因的名词作先行词时，定语从句可用关系代词引导，也可用关系副词引导。若先行词在定语从句中作状语时，应用关系副词；若先行词在定语从句中作主语或宾语等时，则应用关系代词。试比较：
D yu remember the days when we chatted with each ther all night?
你还记得我们整夜聊天的那些日子吗？(when在从句中作状语)
D yu remember the days that/which we spent tgether n the farm?
你还记得我们在农场一起度过的那些日子吗？(that或which作spent的宾语)
I dn’t knw the reasn why he didn’t turn t his gd friend fr help yesterday.
我不知道昨天他为什么没向他的好朋友求助。(why作原因状语)
I wn’t listen t the reasn that/which yu have given us.
我坚决不听你提供给我们的那个理由。(定语从句中缺少宾语，所以用which/that，不用why)
一.单句语法填空
1．D yu still remember the day I first saw yu?
2．This is the reasn I passed ut that day.
3．I’ll never frget the day n I was attacked by a shark.
4．The picture called up the days we spent tgether.
5．Yu will get int a psitin yu have t decide immediately.
6．The reasn he explained at the meeting was nt reasnable.
7．The basketball match is (schedule) t be held in the new stadium next mnth.
8．It is reprted that large amunt f mney has been spent n the new bridge.
二.用定语从句完成句子
1． was that he was stuck in a traffic jam.
他上班迟到的原因是陷入了交通堵塞中。
2．This is the huse .
这是一位著名艺术家多年前住过的房子。
3．There was a time .
曾经有一段时间，女性被瞧不起。
4． is wned by my uncle.
那个种着玫瑰花的花园为我叔叔所有。
三.用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空
1．This is the huse Shakespeare was brn.
2．He didn’t tell me the reasn he was s excited.
3．He has written tw nvels，bth f have been made int televisin series.
4．D yu still remember the day we met n the train fr the first time?
5．They all lent a helping hand t the man huse had been burnt dwn.
6．This is the park in we had a picnic last Sunday.
7．She is the persn yu can turn t fr help.
8．D yu still remember thse days we spent in that pr wden huse?
9．Give me a reasn is different frm the ne yu gave last time.
10．This is the museum we visited during ur class trip.
四.单句写作(含定语从句)
1．我永远不会忘记第一次见到你的那一天。
.
2．我仍然记得我父亲10年前工作的那个农场。
.
3．你知道她晕倒的原因吗？
?
4．正和我妈妈说话的那个人是位诗人。
.
5．我不喜欢你说话的方式。
.
(1)cncentrate n (ding) sth.集中；全神贯注于(做)某事
cncentrate ne’s mind/attentin/energy n...将心思/注意力/精力集中于……
(2)cncentratin n．集中精力；专心；关注；重视
注意：表示“专心于，全神贯注于”的短语还有：fcus ne’s mind/attentin n；put ne’s heart int 等。
(1)side effect副作用
have an effect n/upn...对……产生影响
effect使……实施/生效
cme int effect生效；开始实施
take effect生效，开始实施；开始起作用，见效
(2)effective adj.有效的；生效的
(1)prve (t be)＋n./adj.被证明是，结果是
prve sb./sth.t be...证明某人/某物是……
It is prved that...据证实……
(2)prf n．证明，证据
(1)be frightened f/at/that...害怕……
be frightened t d sth.害怕做某事
(2) frighten vt.使害怕；使恐惧
frighten sb.int ding sth.恐吓某人做某事
frighten sb.ut f ding sth.恐吓某人使其不敢做某事
(3)frightening adj.令人害怕的，吓人的
句中It是形式主语，动词不定式 t be slightly verweight 是真正的主语。
(1)It is＋adj.＋fr sb.t d sth.句型中，形容词说明不定式所表示的行为的性质或特点。能用于该结构的形容词有：difficult，easy，hard，imprtant，impssible，necessary，pssible 等。
(2)在It is＋adj.＋f sb.t d sth.句型中，形容词说明不定式逻辑主语的品行、性格和性质等。能用于该结构的形容词有：nice，gd，stupid，silly，careless等。
(1)immediate adj.立即的；即时的；急迫的
(2)表示“一……就……”的其他方式还有：instantly，directly，as sn as，n sner than等。
(1)把……塑造成……； 使……成为……形状
be shaped like...形状像……
(2)in shape在形状上；健康状况良好
in the shape f以……的形状
ut f shape变形；身体不健康
(1)a large amunt f＝large amunts f大量的
in large amunts大量地
(2)amunt t 共计；等于
注意：a large amunt f＋不可数名词＋谓语动词单数形式；large amunts f＋不可数名词＋谓语动词复数形式。
(1)n schedule准时；按时间表
ahead f schedule提前
(2)be scheduled fr预定；安排在……
be scheduled t d...预定做……
(1)under treatment在治疗中
(2)treat vt.& vi.治疗；对待；款待 n．款待；招待
把……当作……；以……态度/方式看待/对待
treat sb.t sth.用某物款待某人
treat 治疗某人的……病
treat sth.seriusly认真对待某事/某物
end up with...以……而结束(常接表具体事物的名词)
end up in...以……结束(常接表抽象概念的名词)
end up as...最终成为……
end up ding sth.最后/最终做某事
(1)strengths and weaknesses优点和缺点
build up ne’s strength强身健体
(2)strengthen vt.加强；巩固
(3)strng adj.强壮的
be cntent with对……满足满意
be cntent t d...乐于做……
cntent neself with满足于；使某人自己对……感到满足
(1)本句中含有先行词为the way的定语从句，the way(关系词)在定语从句中作状语，关系词用in which或that引导，也可省略关系词。
(2)当先行词是way(意为“方式，方法”)时，引导定语从句的关系词的情况：
①当关系词在从句中作主语或宾语时，用that/which 引导从句，作宾语时可省略关系词；
②当关系词在从句中作状语时，用 that/in which 引导从句或省略关系词。
(1)what在此处引导的是宾语从句(作介词n的宾语)，what在从句中作宾语。
(2)what引导名词性从句时，在从句中可充当主语、表语或宾语。可以译成多种意思：……的东西或事情；……的人或的样子；……的数量或数目；……的时间；……的地方等。
注意：that 引导名词性从句时仅起连接作用，无实际意义，在从句中不作成分。引导宾语从句时可以省略，但引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句时不能省略。
带领……参观
shw up出现；露面；如约赶到
领……进去
领……出来
(1)have a talent fr...有……的天赋
a talent shw才艺大赛
(2)talented adj.有才能的
be talented at/in...在……方面有才能
1．skip vt.
2．ygurt n．
3．cncentrate vi.& vt.
4．slim vi.
5．per cent n．
6．prve linking v．
7．diet n．
8．nutritin n．
9．functin vi.
10．memry n．
11．rather adv.
12．aspect n．
13．attack n． 抨击
14．amunt n．
15．schedule n．
16．plastic adj.
17．surgery n．
18．campus n．
19．guy n．
20．saying n．
21．shadw n．
22．digital adj.
23．series n．
24．external adj.
25．cntent n．
二．词汇拓展
1．immediately adv.立即，马上 cnj.一……就→ adj.立刻的，马上的
2．extreme adj.极端的；严重的 n．极端不同的感情(或境况、行为方式等)→ adv.极端地
3．effect n．效果，作用；影响→ adj.有效的；生效的
4．energetic adj.精力充沛的，充满活力的→ n．精力
5．frightened adj.害怕的，惊吓的，受惊的→ vt.使恐惧→ adj.令人恐惧的
6．pressure n．心理压力，紧张；压力；要求，催促→ vt.& vi.催促，逼迫；按，压；挤，推 n．报章杂志，报刊
7．cntribute vi.& vt.是……的原因之一；捐赠，捐献；增加，添加→ n．贡献
8．treatment n．治疗；对待，待遇；处理→ vt.治疗；对待
9．additin n．增加，添加；加法→ v．增加
10．beauty n．美，美丽；美人，美好的东西→ adj.美丽的
11．fashin n．时尚，时兴；流行款式→ adj.时尚的，流行的
12．strength n．优势；力气，力量；实力→ v．巩固，加强→ adj.强壮的
13．talent n．天资，天赋；人才，天才→ adj.有才能的
14．achievement n．成就，成绩；达到，完成→ v．完成，达到
三．知识解析
知识点01 She tld me she had truble cncentrating in class.
cncentrate vi.& vt.集中(注意力、思想等)；全神贯注
[单句语法填空/一句多译]
①Instead f just cncentrating the side effects f the drug，we shuld ntice its functins.
②He cncentrated his energy n (study) the histry f Lulan.
③爸爸希望我能集中注意力于我所学的东西上。
→My father hpes that I can .(cncentrate)
→My father hpes that I can .(fcus)
→My father hpes that I can .(put ne’s heart int)
知识点2 They are increasing their effrts t educate teenagers abut the side effects f lsing weight t quickly.
effect n．效果，作用；影响
[单句语法填空/完成句子]
①One f the mst (effect) ways t reduce stress is t talk abut feelings with smene yu trust.
②As far as I’m cncerned，punishment had very little effect him.
③The Drink Driving Law frm May 1,2011.
酒驾法律自2011年5月1日开始生效。
④ accrding t the dctr.
医生说这种药很快就会见效。
知识点3 These s-called ‘quick-fix methds’ prve t be harmful t teenagers.
prve linking v．证明是；被发现是 vt.证明，证实
[单句语法填空/完成句子]
①Perhaps this bk will prve (be) f sme use t yu in yur studies.
② the new medicine has side effects.
据证实这种新药有副作用。
③The advice yu gave us .
你给我们的建议证明是很有价值的。
知识点4 I was very frightened when I wke up in hspital last Thursday.
frightened adj.害怕的，惊吓的，受惊的
[单句语法填空/完成句子]
①All the stne figures in the temple lked s (frighten)．
②The man frightened the little by fllwing him.
③It is prved that many peple snakes.
据证实很多人害怕蛇。
④ signing the paper.
他们恐吓那位老太太在文件上签字。
知识点5 It is nrmal fr teenagers t be slightly verweight and there is n reasn why they shuld be wrried.
It＋is＋adj.＋fr/f sb.＋t d sth.
[完成句子]
①It was very kind in persn.
你亲自来帮我真是太好了。
② a farewell speech here n behalf f the students f ur schl.
我非常荣幸在这里代表我们学校的学生发表告别演说。
③Smetimes their wn chices.
有时候，孩子们自己做出选择是必要的。
知识点6.Jennifer was fund t have dangerusly lw bld sugar levels and was treated immediately.
immediately adv.立即，马上 cnj.一……就
①Even thugh I hadn’t seen my classmate fr many years，I recgnized him .
尽管我已经很多年没见过我的同学了，但我立刻认出了他。
② ，the students rushed ut.
铃一响，学生们就冲了出去。
③Instead f ，ur teacher encurages us t think by urselves.
我们老师不是立即给我们答案，而是鼓励我们自己思考。
知识点7. We strngly encurage all teenagers t fllw these lifestyle tips，because living well is the safest and mst effective way t get int shape.
get int shape 强身健体
①The children enjy the snw figures f different peple and animals.
孩子们喜欢把雪捏成不同的人和动物的形状。
②Lk！The frnt part f the car is nw ttally due t the crash.
瞧！由于撞车，汽车前面现在完全变形了。
③Sme ygurt bxes were fruits.
一些酸奶盒子是水果形状的。
知识点8 Everyne knws that the amunt f quality sleep that/which we get is imprtant t us.
amunt n．数量
[单句语法填空/完成句子]
①A large amunt f water (waste) every day.
②Large amunts f sil (wash) away every year.
③Their annual incme amunted 10,000 yuan last year.
④ advertisements every year.
每年都有大量的钱花在广告上。
知识点9 Try t stick t yur sleep schedule at the weekend t...
schedule n．日程安排，工作计划；时间表 vt.为……安排时间；预定
[单句语法填空/完成句子]
①It is required that all f us be present at the meeting schedule.
②It is said that the meeting (schedule) at three ’clck this afternn.
③As lng as yu cncentrate n yur task，yu can finish it n schedule r even ahead schedule.
④The debate whse tpic is whether students shuld be vlunteers n April 15.
这场话题为学生是否应该做志愿者的辩论定于4月15日举行。
知识点10. Mr Wilsn is very happy with the treatment.
treatment n．治疗；对待，待遇；处理
[单句语法填空/完成句子]
①Male and female must (treat) equally in educatin and emplyment.
②The player is under gd (treat) and he will recver frm his injury in time fr the next game.
③He is an extremely devted physician，wh treats his wrk (serius)．
④Treat thers in the way .
己所不欲，勿施于人。
知识点11 They will nly end up feeling wrse abut themselves.
end up 最终成为，最终处于
[单句语法填空]
①He started as an emplyee and ended up head f the cmpany.
②The cnference ended up (sign) n agreement.
③If yu take the time and effrt t d this，yu’ll end up mre friends.
知识点12.Fcusing n yur strengths als helps yu build yur cnfidence.
strength n．力气，力量；实力；优势
[单句语法填空/完成句子]
①One idea is that sleep helps us (strng) new memries.
②It is imprtant that we shuld take int accunt ur (strength) and weaknesses.
③The f his diet is that it cntains plenty f vitamin and fibre.
他的饮食的优点是含有大量的维生素和纤维。
知识点13.Hwever，like a bk，yur cntents are much mre imprtant than yur cver.
cntent n．内容；(pl.)目录；含量；容器所装之物 vt.使满意，使满足 adj.满意的，满足的
[一词多义/完成句子]
①My aplgy seemed t cntent him.
②She drpped her purse and the cntents fell ut n the flr.
③Bth his parents are cntent t live in the cuntryside where the air is very fresh.
④Frm my pint f view，yu can nt such a small success.
在我看来，你不能满足于这样的小成就。
⑤With s much related experience，I am cnvinced that .
有这么多相关的经验，我相信你一定会对我感到满意的。
知识点14 Yur friends als influence the way yu view yur physical appearance.
the way 后的定语从句
[单句语法填空/完成句子]
①WeChat has changed the way we made friends.
②The way he tld us was quite simple t wrk ut the prblem.
③I dn’t like the way .
我不喜欢你和你妈妈说话的方式。
知识点15. This has prved t have a negative effect n what yu think f yur physical appearance.
what 引导宾语从句
[单句语法填空/完成句子]
①She is talking abut she experienced in Hubei last year.
②I truly believe beauty cmes frm within.
③We shuld never pretend t knw .
我们决不应该假装知道我们不知道的事情。
④We wnder .
我们想知道是什么使得她那么生她丈夫的气。
知识点16 Yur friends may pst a never-ending series f phts nline t shw ff their beautiful dresses r strng bdies..
shw ff 炫耀，卖弄；显示，展示
①Mst peple like their wealth.
大多数人喜欢炫富。
②Yu are cming t ur city this weekend.I will be glad t shw yu then.
这个周末你要来我们城市。 到那时我很乐意带你参观。
③A girl came ut f the building and shwed me .
一个女孩从楼里出来，把我领了进去。
④It’s eight ’clck，but they haven’t shwed .
八点钟了，但是他们还没到。
知识点17.Everyne has their wn talents...
talent n．天赋，天资；人才，天才
①All the ftball players n the playgrund cheered ludly，saying that I ftball.
操场上所有的足球运动员都大声欢呼，说我有足球天赋。
②It is well-knwn that Beethven is a (talent) musician.
众所周知，贝多芬是一位才华横溢的音乐家。
③她为自己的儿子有音乐天赋而感到自豪。
→She is prud that her sn music.(talented)
→She is prud that her sn music.(talent)
随堂练习
一.单词拼写
1．T be hnest，I am really against such (极端的) measures.
2．A gd breakfast can definitely keep yu the whle day.
3．It is the driver， than the passengers，that is t blame fr it.
4．I knw studying is imprtant，but my parents put t much n me.
5．The ppular TV (系列节目) gave us much jy and surprise.
6．Jhn n his studies thugh there were much nise utside.
7．Despite the heavy rain，the schl bus arrived n .
二.单句语法填空
1．His parents tk pride the achievements he had made.
2．The prisner wh escaped frm the prisn ended being caught again.
3．Later，he fund the measures mre (effect) than befre.
4．At last she gt a chance t shw her talent befre a real audience.
5．The best (treat) fr a cld is t rest and drink a lt f water.
6．We all admire the scientist fr her (cntribute) t ur cuntry.
语法
语法精析
当先行词在定语从句中作状语时，要用关系副词引导定语从句。常用的关系副词主要有where，when，why。
1．关系副词where
where引导的定语从句的先行词往往是表示地点的名词(如place，rm，huse，spt等)，关系副词where在从句中作地点状语。常用in which，at which，n which等代替。
They are playing in the park where(＝in which) there are many flwers.
他们正在有很多花的公园里玩耍。
The ffice where(＝at which) the girl wrks is nt far frm here.
这个女孩工作的办公室离这儿不远。
[疑难点津]
有一些先行词，如pint，stage，psitin，case，cnditin等，属于抽象的地点名词，如果定语从句中缺状语，需用where引导。
Yu reach a pint in any prject where yu just want t get the thing finished.
从事任何项目你都会进入一种境界：一心想完成它。
We reached a stage where we had t answer vilence with vilence.
我们到了必须用暴力来对抗暴力的境地。
2．关系副词when
when引导定语从句时，先行词往往是表示时间的名词(如time，day，week，mnth，year等)，关系副词when在从句中作时间状语。常用n which，in which，at which，during which等代替。
There used t be a time when(＝during which) I hated ging t schl.
我有一段时间不愿意去上学。
I’ll never frget the day when(＝n which) I left fr cllege with my father.
我永远不会忘记我和父亲动身去大学的那天。
3．关系副词why
why引导定语从句时，先行词常为reasn，关系副词why在从句中作原因状语。可用fr which代替。
Can yu explain the reasn why(＝fr which) yu dn’t help him?
你能解释一下不帮助他的原因吗？
Can yu tell me the reasn why yu didn’t cme t his birthday party?
你能告诉我你没参加他的生日宴会的原因吗？
[疑难点津]
表示时间、地点及原因的名词作先行词时，定语从句可用关系代词引导，也可用关系副词引导。若先行词在定语从句中作状语时，应用关系副词；若先行词在定语从句中作主语或宾语等时，则应用关系代词。试比较：
D yu remember the days when we chatted with each ther all night?
你还记得我们整夜聊天的那些日子吗？(when在从句中作状语)
D yu remember the days that/which we spent tgether n the farm?
你还记得我们在农场一起度过的那些日子吗？(that或which作spent的宾语)
I dn’t knw the reasn why he didn’t turn t his gd friend fr help yesterday.
我不知道昨天他为什么没向他的好朋友求助。(why作原因状语)
I wn’t listen t the reasn that/which yu have given us.
我坚决不听你提供给我们的那个理由。(定语从句中缺少宾语，所以用which/that，不用why)
一.单句语法填空
1．D yu still remember the day I first saw yu?
2．This is the reasn I passed ut that day.
3．I’ll never frget the day n I was attacked by a shark.
4．The picture called up the days we spent tgether.
5．Yu will get int a psitin yu have t decide immediately.
6．The reasn he explained at the meeting was nt reasnable.
7．The basketball match is (schedule) t be held in the new stadium next mnth.
8．It is reprted that large amunt f mney has been spent n the new bridge.
二.用定语从句完成句子
1． was that he was stuck in a traffic jam.
他上班迟到的原因是陷入了交通堵塞中。
2．This is the huse .
这是一位著名艺术家多年前住过的房子。
3．There was a time .
曾经有一段时间，女性被瞧不起。
4． is wned by my uncle.
那个种着玫瑰花的花园为我叔叔所有。
三.用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空
1．This is the huse Shakespeare was brn.
2．He didn’t tell me the reasn he was s excited.
3．He has written tw nvels，bth f have been made int televisin series.
4．D yu still remember the day we met n the train fr the first time?
5．They all lent a helping hand t the man huse had been burnt dwn.
6．This is the park in we had a picnic last Sunday.
7．She is the persn yu can turn t fr help.
8．D yu still remember thse days we spent in that pr wden huse?
9．Give me a reasn is different frm the ne yu gave last time.
10．This is the museum we visited during ur class trip.
四.单句写作(含定语从句)
1．我永远不会忘记第一次见到你的那一天。
.
2．我仍然记得我父亲10年前工作的那个农场。
.
3．你知道她晕倒的原因吗？
?
4．正和我妈妈说话的那个人是位诗人。
.
5．我不喜欢你说话的方式。
.
(1)cncentrate n (ding) sth.集中；全神贯注于(做)某事
cncentrate ne’s mind/attentin/energy n...将心思/注意力/精力集中于……
(2)cncentratin n．集中精力；专心；关注；重视
注意：表示“专心于，全神贯注于”的短语还有：fcus ne’s mind/attentin n；put ne’s heart int 等。
(1)side effect副作用
have an effect n/upn...对……产生影响
effect使……实施/生效
cme int effect生效；开始实施
take effect生效，开始实施；开始起作用，见效
(2)effective adj.有效的；生效的
(1)prve (t be)＋n./adj.被证明是，结果是
prve sb./sth.t be...证明某人/某物是……
It is prved that...据证实……
(2)prf n．证明，证据
(1)be frightened f/at/that...害怕……
be frightened t d sth.害怕做某事
(2) frighten vt.使害怕；使恐惧
frighten sb.int ding sth.恐吓某人做某事
frighten sb.ut f ding sth.恐吓某人使其不敢做某事
(3)frightening adj.令人害怕的，吓人的
句中It是形式主语，动词不定式 t be slightly verweight 是真正的主语。
(1)It is＋adj.＋fr sb.t d sth.句型中，形容词说明不定式所表示的行为的性质或特点。能用于该结构的形容词有：difficult，easy，hard，imprtant，impssible，necessary，pssible 等。
(2)在It is＋adj.＋f sb.t d sth.句型中，形容词说明不定式逻辑主语的品行、性格和性质等。能用于该结构的形容词有：nice，gd，stupid，silly，careless等。
(1)immediate adj.立即的；即时的；急迫的
(2)表示“一……就……”的其他方式还有：instantly，directly，as sn as，n sner than等。
(1)把……塑造成……； 使……成为……形状
be shaped like...形状像……
(2)in shape在形状上；健康状况良好
in the shape f以……的形状
ut f shape变形；身体不健康
(1)a large amunt f＝large amunts f大量的
in large amunts大量地
(2)amunt t 共计；等于
注意：a large amunt f＋不可数名词＋谓语动词单数形式；large amunts f＋不可数名词＋谓语动词复数形式。
(1)n schedule准时；按时间表
ahead f schedule提前
(2)be scheduled fr预定；安排在……
be scheduled t d...预定做……
(1)under treatment在治疗中
(2)treat vt.& vi.治疗；对待；款待 n．款待；招待
把……当作……；以……态度/方式看待/对待
treat sb.t sth.用某物款待某人
treat 治疗某人的……病
treat sth.seriusly认真对待某事/某物
end up with...以……而结束(常接表具体事物的名词)
end up in...以……结束(常接表抽象概念的名词)
end up as...最终成为……
end up ding sth.最后/最终做某事
(1)strengths and weaknesses优点和缺点
build up ne’s strength强身健体
(2)strengthen vt.加强；巩固
(3)strng adj.强壮的
be cntent with对……满足满意
be cntent t d...乐于做……
cntent neself with满足于；使某人自己对……感到满足
(1)本句中含有先行词为the way的定语从句，the way(关系词)在定语从句中作状语，关系词用in which或that引导，也可省略关系词。
(2)当先行词是way(意为“方式，方法”)时，引导定语从句的关系词的情况：
①当关系词在从句中作主语或宾语时，用that/which 引导从句，作宾语时可省略关系词；
②当关系词在从句中作状语时，用 that/in which 引导从句或省略关系词。
(1)what在此处引导的是宾语从句(作介词n的宾语)，what在从句中作宾语。
(2)what引导名词性从句时，在从句中可充当主语、表语或宾语。可以译成多种意思：……的东西或事情；……的人或的样子；……的数量或数目；……的时间；……的地方等。
注意：that 引导名词性从句时仅起连接作用，无实际意义，在从句中不作成分。引导宾语从句时可以省略，但引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句时不能省略。
带领……参观
shw up出现；露面；如约赶到
领……进去
领……出来
(1)have a talent fr...有……的天赋
a talent shw才艺大赛
(2)talented adj.有才能的
be talented at/in...在……方面有才能
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