安徽省皖豫名校2023-2024学年高二上学期期中考试英语试卷(含答案)

这是一份安徽省皖豫名校2023-2024学年高二上学期期中考试英语试卷(含答案)，共21页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，短文填空，书面表达，读后续写等内容，欢迎下载使用。


一、阅读理解
Entertaining Fall Festivals, Events and Activities
Duluth Fall Festival in Duluth, Gergia: Sept. 30—Oct. 2
The 40th yearly end-f-summer celebratin takes place in dwntwn Duluth n the last weekend in September. This free event is run by a team f 300-plus vlunteers. Attendees can wander arund mre than 180 vendrs (摊贩) selling arts and crafts r catch a shw at either f the tw stages with 20-plus scheduled perfrmances thrughut the weekend. Kids can experience rides and games just fr them, and anyne can enjy the n-site carnival (嘉年华).
Fall fr Greenville in Greenville, Suth Carlina: Oct. 12—15
Dzens f fd and drink vendrs set up fr this yearly fall festival. Entry and entertainment are free, but attendees can buy Taste Tickets t try dishes prepared by lcal restaurants and exchange them fr drinks, carnival rides and slides in the Kids’ Area. Dzens f free perfrmances are given by lcal and natinal acts n stages thrughut the weekend.
Albuquerque Internatinal Balln Fiesta in Albuquerque, New Mexic: Oct. 7—15
Well-knwn as the largest ht air balln festival in the wrld, this annual autumn attractin has been arund fr mre than half a century. Attendees can enjy activities fr which they will have t pay a fee. A full schedule f events keep attendees busy thrughut each day with a series f themed balln cmpetitins. Additinal activities include free live music perfrmances, firewrk shws, and shpping and dining at vendrs.
West Cast Giant Pumpkin Regatta in Tualatin, Oregn: Oct. 21—22
Tualatin draws peple each Octber fr a free festival with unique fall-themed activities. This year the event kicks ff n Saturday with a cmpetitin f a giant vegetable weigh-ff. The next day starts with a 5K run t raise mney fr schlarships fr lcal students. Attendees then gather n the banks f Lake Tualatin t watch the festival’s main perfrmance: the Giant Pumpkin Cmpetitin.
1．What is specially designed fr children at Duluth Fall Festival?
A. Live music.B. Sme rides.C. The carnival.D. Firewrk shws.
2．What can Taste Tickets be used fr?
A. Attending different festivals.B. Enjying drinks.
C. Shpping fr clthes.D. Appreciating lcal perfrmances.
3．Which festival lasts fr the shrtest time?
A. Fall fr Greenville.
B. Duluth Fall Festival.
C. West Cast Giant Pumpkin Regatta.
D. Albuquerque Internatinal Balln Fiesta.
Bksellers have run their trade alng the banks f the River Seine fr abut 450 years, their time-beaten green bxes a Paris traditin as treasured as freshly baked baguettes (法棍面包).
But this piece f French histry is nw at the center f a strm after the city’s plice rdered that the bksellers and their stalls (排位) be relcated fr “safety reasns” t make way fr the pening ceremny f the Summer Olympic Games in 2024.
One plan was fr bksellers’ bxes t remain in place but they must be examined by the plice first and sealed ff (封锁) during the Olympic event, which wuld attract millins f visitrs t the city—including many wh wuld ptentially visit their stalls. Anther plan, cnsidered even wrse by bksellers, was t mve the bxes elsewhere. As bksellers pit n, many bres have been is place fr 30 r 40 years. Mst are mused and all their parts are nt strng enugh.
Althugh the city’s gvernment has ffered t relcate the bkstalls and cver the cst f the mve as well as repairing damaged stalls, bksellers say the lack f cnsultatin ver a decisin affecting a Paris landmark has left them fearful abut the future.
Plus, there’s cncern abut what will happen when the Olympics are ver. “Are they even ging t ffer us the same spts again after the games?” asked a bkseller. “I’m afraid that we get ur bxes back either in a year, r maybe never, r with smene else’s things in them,” he said.
Bksellers wrried that nt nly wuld mving the bxes be much mre expensive fr the capital, but a relcated bk market wuldn’t wrk. “The stalls nly make sense when they are n the banks f the Seine,” they said. The attractin and culture f the bxes is their age-wrn character, their petic shades f green.
4．What truble are Paris bksellers facing nw?
A. Their stalls are cnsidered as a risk fr Paris.
B. They have t jin in the Olympic pening ceremny.
C. Their stalls must be sealed ff fr the city’s develpment.
D. They may have t mve their bkstalls fr sme reasn.
5．Which is a measure f the gvernment fr bkstall?
A. Cvering the cst f repairing ld bkstalls.
B. Building a new landmark fr the bkstalls.
C. Replacing ld bkstalls with new nes fr free.
D. Attracting mre custmers fr the bkstalls.
6．What idea d bksellers hld abut their stalls?
A. They are much t expensive.B. They must lie alng the Seine.
C. They must be painted green.D. They are nt a Paris landmark.
7．What is the best title fr the text?
A. Paris Bkstalls Being Mved fr Safety Reasns
B. Paris Bkstalls Make the Banks f Seine Attractive
C. Arguments ver the Lcatin f Paris Bkstalls
D. Paris’s Preparatin fr Olympic Games 2024
Mst educatrs knw the basics f peer (同龄人) pressure. When peers are arund, teenagers take mre risks. Fr example, teenage males drive faster with ther bys in the same car because the reward centers f teenagers’ brains are mre active with peers than when alne.
Hwever, risk taking in an educatinal cntext is an imprtant skill that enables prgress and creativity, which is just ne f psitive peer effects. Peple ften talk abut negative (消极的) peer effects but ignre many studies that shw a lt f negative behavir f high schl kids is discuraged by friends. There is a lt f very psitive pressure that peers apply, like, “N, man, that’s stupid.” This preventin is ne f the many underreprted frms f peer effects.
In a 2018 study f cllege freshmen, researchers fund that having friends with a higher willingness t study is predictive (预测的) f receiving higher freshman grades. Because the study lked at bth assigned (指派的) rmmate pairings and chsen friend grups, the researchers were able t shw the effect wasn’t just a reflectin f “selectin bias”, with hard-wrking kids having already chsen t befriend each ther. Hanging ut with smene wh’s hard-wrking, they cncluded, caused teenagers t study fr mre hurs and achieve higher grades. The findings prve previus research shwing a cnnectin between hw a child views the imprtance f ding well in schl and hw their friends d. Similar effects have been prved fr vlunteer wrk and health-prmtive behavirs, such as exercise.
What des all this mean fr educatrs? Effective students can definitely imprve classrm situatins. In ne prgram, kids were trained t publicly encurage anti-cnflict (反冲突) practice. Reprts f student cnflict drpped 30% ver ne year. T sme extent, this success may lie in the fact that the prgram gt kids’ help. Effrts that engage (使……参与) teens in actual, real-life tasks have been the mst prmising when it cmes t changing the cntent f the values spread within teenager peer grups.
8．What can bring peer pressure t teenagers?
A. Presence f their peers.B. Being cheated by their friends.
C. Encuragement frm the elders.D. Stress respnse in difficult situatins.
9．What is mst peple’s attitude t peer pressure?
A. Appreciative.B. Unclear.C. Acceptable.D. Unsupprtive.
10．What des paragraph 3 mainly talk abut?
A. Lve me, lve my dg.
B. N cmpetitin, n prgress.
C. Kids can be influenced by clse assciatin.
D. A true friend reaches fr yur hand and tuches yur heart.
11．Hw can peer pressure be applied t educatin?
A. By srting classrm activities.
B. By training students t keep away frm cnflict.
C. By discuraging students frm chsing friends.
D. By leading students t psitive scial activities.
In the first test f its kind in Eurpe, and nly the secnd in the wrld, Belgian researchers tested 39 brands f straws (吸管) fr the grup f synthetic (合成的) chemicals knwn as ply-and perfluralkyl substances (PFAS). The straws are made frm five materials — paper, bamb, glass, stainless steel and plastic. PFAS were fund in the majrity f the straws tested and were mst cmmn in thse made frm paper and bamb. They were nt fund nly in steel straws tested.
PFAS are used t make everyday prducts, frm utdr clthing t nn-stick pans, resistant (抵抗t water, heat and stains. They are, hwever, ptentially harmful t peple, wildlife and the envirnment. They have been related t a number f health prblems, including lwer respnse t vaccines (疫苗), lwer birth weight, thyrid disease, liver damage, kidney cancer and testicular cancer. They break dwn very slwly ver time and can last thusands f years in the envirnment, a prperty that has led t them being knwn as “frever chemicals”.
A grwing number f cuntries, including the UK and Belgium, have spped the sale f single-use plastic prducts, including drinking straws, and plant-based versins have becme ppular. The PFAS cncentratins (浓缩物) were lw in them and, bear in mind that mst peple tend t nly use straws ccasinally, bringing a limited risk t human health. Hwever, PFAS can remain in the bdy fr many years and cncentratins can build up ver time.
It isn’t knwn whether the PFAS were added t the straws by the prducer fr waterprfing r the PFAS were the result f cntaminatin. Ptential surces f cntaminatin include the sil the plant-based materials were grwn in and the water used in the prductin prcess. Hwever, the presence f the chemicals in almst every brand f paper straws means it is likely that it was, in sme cases, being used as a water-resistant cating, say the researchers.
12．Why are PFAS called “frever chemicals”?
A. They are cmmnly seen in daily life.
B. They bring humans health prblems.
C. They remain in the envirnment fr lng.
D. They can resist water, heat and stains.
13．Hw can PFAS harm peple’s health?
A. By bringing peple air pllutin.
B. By plluting humans’ fd.
C. By building up little by little in humans’ bdy.
D. By making peple addicted t drinking easily.
14．What des the underlined wrd “cntaminatin” in the last paragraph mean?
A. Pllutin.B. Discvery.C. Experiment.D. Develpment.
15．What des the text mainly talk abut?
A. Mre and mre cuntries give up single-use plastic prducts.
B. PFAS are widely used in the prductin f daily necessities.
C. Certain kinds f new synthetic chemicals were discvered.
D. Envirnment-friendly drinking straws are actually harmful.
二、七选五
16．The time f day and length f time yu nap (打盹儿) can prvide benefits r create prblems. Knwing when t nap and prviding yurself with a suitable napping envirnment will prduce the greatest benefits. ①_______Take a nap if yu’re experiencing new tiredness, if yu’re abut t experience sleep lss, such as a lng travel day r wrkday r if yu want t make naps a part f yur daily rutine. Here are fur tips t make yur naps mre effective:
Set aside a certain amunt f time. If yu wake up feeling grggy (昏沉) after a nap, yu’re sleeping t lng. ②_______
Plan t take naps in the afternn. ③_______This is because yu’re likely t experience a lwer level f sleepiness fllwing lunch. Yu’re als mre likely t avid interference (打扰) with nighttime sleep if yu nap arund this time. Hwever, sme peple may adjust their napping time t fit their wrk r schl schedules.
Create a quiet envirnment. Sme peple struggle t sleep during the day, but there are measures yu can take t help becme mre relaxed. Turning ff any screens, such as yur phne, will make yu avid interference. ④_______Adjusting the rm temperature t what is cmfrtable fr yu als can make yur space mre cmfrtable.
⑤_______Allwing yurself enugh time t wake up befre cntinuing activities after yur nap is imprtant, as yu may feel grggy.
A. Give yurself time t wake up.
B. The best time t nap is arund 2 p.m. r 3 p.m.
C. A physical exam r sleep study may be necessary.
D. Talk with yur health care team if yu nap t much.
E. The prper nap length is between 15 and 30 minutes.
F. Find a quiet space with little light t imprve yur naps.
G. There are certain times when a nap may be mre beneficial t yur health.
三、完形填空（15空）
Dennis Hng designs and makes human-like rbts. Rbts, Hng ntes, are intelligent machines that d the wrk humans are ften unable r ____1____ t d.
When he was seven years ld, he was ____2____ by tw rbts in a mvie. On the way back hme in the car, he tld his parents that he was ging t becme a(n)____3____. As Hng became lder, he started t ____4____ what engineering actually is. When he was in elementary schl, he ____5____ math. He gt all A’s in science, but his math result was really ____6____. His father tld him that engineers slve prblems in the wrld by using science as a ____7____ and mathematics as a language. Even thugh he disliked math, he realized that he had t study it harder t fllw his ____8____ f becming an engineer.
Hng thinks ____9____ cme frm everywhere and at any time. His three-legged rbt STriDER is a fantastic ____10____. Once, he saw an elderly lady dealing with her ____11____. She had three strands (股) f it, and then put ne strand thrugh the ther tw. ____12____, the hair started t lk like legs fr Hng. He ____13____ designing STriDER after braided hair.
Hng said that peple n scial media are eager t see his successes, nt the ____14____ that came befre them. Hwever, if the rbt desn’t fall r ____15____, he desn’t get t learn anything.
17．A. unwillingB. unluckyC. cnfidentD. free
18．A. prtectedB. impressedC. cmfrtedD. supprted
19．A. engineerB. astrnautC. hairdresserD. teacher
20．A. changeB. dubtC. rememberD. learn
21．A. enjyedB. understdC. ignredD. chse
22．A. familiarB. perfectC. unsatisfactryD. irregular
23．A. secretB. tlC. beliefD. gal
24．A. dreamB. rderC. questinD. recmmendatin
25．A. truthsB. respnsibilitiesC. ideasD. principles
26．A. imageB. signC. exampleD. wish
27．A. rpeB. clthC. sweaterD. hair
28．A. AbslutelyB. SuddenlyC. OriginallyD. Exactly
29．A. gave upB. ended upC. kept nD. put ff
30．A. argumentsB. adventuresC. failuresD. perfrmances
31．A. breakB. prtestC. hesitateD. disappear
四、短文填空
32．Jiang Jie, a musical that tells the stry f the female martyr (烈士), Jiang Zhuyun, ①_________ is als knwn as Jiang Jie, premiered (首映) in Chngqing n Sept. 14.
Brn in 1920 in Sichuan Prvince, Jiang jined the Cmmunist Party f China when she was 19, and became well-knwn thanks t the revlutinary nvel Hng Yan, which②_________ (publish) in 1961. It recrds a grup f cmmunists and their heric battle in Chngqing in 1949, n the eve f the funding f the Peple’s Republic f China.
“Chngqing was described in the nvel③_________ the main city where the stry tk place. It made the premiere there very④_________ (meaning),” says singer Wang Li.
In 1964, an pera, Jiang Jie, ⑤_________ (base) n Jiang’s stry, premiered in Beijing and became ppular with⑥_________ wide audience. When the pera was adapted int a new ne in 2017, Wang, then a 25-year-ld singer wh had just graduated frm university⑦_________had wn a tp natinal music award, was chsen⑧_________ (play) the rle. T date, she has perfrmed the rle mre than 100 times.
The musical attracts many peple, ⑨_________ (especial) the yung, fr its diversity f musical⑩_________ (element), including rck, flk and pp music.
五、书面表达
33．你校将组织全校师生参加“见义勇为事迹报告会(Heres’ Lecture)”，请你代表学生会写一则通知，刊登在校英文报上。内容包括：
1. 报告时间及地点；
2. 注意事项。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Ntice
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The Students’ Unin
六、读后续写
34．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Grandmther Bnnie called ut t Amy as she finished setting the table and served them dinner. When Amy didn’t respnd, Bnnie went t the yung girl’s rm and pushed the dr pen. Amy sat at her desk with her headphnes n, drawing a picture.
“Are yu drawing thse strange pictures again?” Bnnie yelled. “Have yu finished yur hmewrk? Yur teacher called me tday and tld me yu’ve been ignring her hmewrk!” she shuted angrily.
Minutes later, Amy walked int the kitchen and quietly sat at the table. They began eating dinner in silence. Suddenly, the drbell rang.
Bnnie answered the dr t see a man in his early 40s standing utside. It turned ut t be Mr. Hendersn a famus New Yrk-based cartnist. He explained t Amy he received a letter with sme pieces f her artwrk and was s impressed with her talent. In fact, he wrte Amy letters, but never gt an answer.
Amy nticed Bnnie mving nervusly in her seat, and realized why the letters had never reached her. Her grandmther kept them hidden frm her.
“I’ m here with an ffer fr Amy,” Mr. Hendersn cntinued. “We are accepting applicatins fr ur arts training prgram this summer. I wuld persnally teach the students the art f cartns and everything related. Fr that, Amy needs t pass a test, and then she’ll have t spend her summer in New Yrk learning under me. If everything ges well, she will be able t jin my team later and seek her dream f art.”
“Really?” Amy was s excited. But Bnnie refused because she prmised Amy’s late parents t raise their child well and make her an educated persn. Mr. Hendersn sighed and pulled ut a file frm his bag, “It’s a test. I knw yur Granny is against it, kid. But if yu manage t finish it and hand it ver t me by 10 a.m. the day after tmrrw, I can take it t my manager,” he added as he gave Amy an encuraging smile and left the huse. Amy decided t finish the test after schl the next day.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150个左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The next evening, Amy fund her drawing tls were gne.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Entering the huse, Amy fund Bnnie hlding her drawing tls, crying.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．答案： B
解析：细节理解题。根据Duluth Fall Festival in Duluth, Gergia: Sept. 30—Oct. 2部分中的“Kids can experience rides and games just fr them, and anyne can enjy the n-site carnival (嘉年华).(孩子们可以体验乘骑和游戏，任何人都可以享受现场嘉年华)”可知，德卢斯秋季节特别为孩子们设计了一些乘骑项目，故选B。
2．答案： B
解析：细节理解题。根据Fall fr Greenville in Greenville, Suth Carlina: Oct. 12—15部分中的“attendees can buy Taste Tickets t try dishes prepared by lcal restaurants and exchange them fr drinks, carnival rides and slides in the Kids’ Area. (参加者可以购买品尝票，尝试由当地餐馆准备的菜肴，并交换饮料，嘉年华游乐设施和幻灯片在儿童区。)”可知，品尝票可以用来享受饮料。故选B。
3．答案： C
解析：细节理解题。根据第一个活动的时间“Sept. 30—Oct. 2(9月30-10月2日)”，第二个活动的时间“Oct. 12—15(10月12—15日)”，第三个活动的节目“Oct. 7—15(10月7—15日)”和第四个活动的时间“Oct. 21—22(10月21—22日)”可知，West Cast Giant Pumpkin Regatta这个活动持续时间最短，只有两天，故选C。
4．答案： D
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“But this piece f French histry is nw at the center f a strm after the city’s plice rdered that the bksellers and their stalls (排位) be relcated fr “safety reasns” t make way fr the pening ceremny f the Summer Olympic Games in 2024.(但这段法国历史现在正处于一场风暴的中心，此前该市警方以“安全原因”为由，命令书商及其摊位搬迁，以便为2024年夏季奥运会开幕式让路。)”可知，巴黎的书商现在面临的麻烦是：他们可能因为某些原因而不得不将他们的书摊搬走，故选D。
5．答案： A
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段“Althugh the city’s gvernment has ffered t relcate the bkstalls and cver the cst f the mve as well as repairing damaged stalls, bksellers say the lack f cnsultatin ver a decisin affecting a Paris landmark has left them fearful abut the future.(尽管巴黎市政府已提出重新安置这些书摊，并承担搬迁费用以及修复受损的书摊，但书商们表示，在影响巴黎一个地标性建筑的决定上缺乏协商，让他们对未来感到担忧。)”可知，政府对于书摊采取的措施是：承担旧书摊的维修费用。故选A。
6．答案： B
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中““The stalls nly make sense when they are n the banks f the Seine,” they said. (他们表示:“只有在塞纳河岸边，摊位才有意义”。)”可知，书商认为他们的摊位必须位于塞纳河边，故选B。
7．答案： A
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段“But this piece f French histry is nw at the center f a strm after the city’s plice rdered that the bksellers and their stalls (排位) be relcated fr “safety reasns” t make way fr the pening ceremny f the Summer Olympic Games in 2024.(但这段法国历史现在正处于一场风暴的中心，此前该市警方以“安全原因”为由，命令书商及其摊位搬迁，以便为2024年夏季奥运会开幕式让路。)”可知，文章主要介绍了目前巴黎警方以“安全为由”，要求位于巴黎塞纳河畔拥有450年历史的书摊搬迁，以便为2024年巴黎夏季奥运会的开幕式让路，这引起了书商们的不满。A项“巴黎书摊因安全原因搬迁”适合做文章标题，故选A。
8．答案： A
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中“When peers are arund, teenagers take mre risks. (当同龄人在场时，青少年会冒更大的风险。)”和第二段中“There is a lt f very psitive pressure that peers apply, like, “N, man, that’s stupid.”(同龄人会施加很多非常积极的压力，比如“不，伙计，这太愚蠢了。”)”可知，当同龄人在场时会给青少年带来同伴压力。故选A。
9．答案： D
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中“Peple ften talk abut negative (消极的) peer effects but ignre many studies that shw a lt f negative behavir f high schl kids is discuraged by friends.(人们经常谈论消极的同伴效应，但是忽略了很多研究，这些研究表明高中生的消极行为是被朋友们劝阻的)”可知，大多数人对同伴压力的态度是消极的，即不支持的，故选D。
10．答案： C
解析：主旨大意题。通读第三段并根据该段中的“In a 2018 study f cllege freshmen, researchers fund that having friends with a higher willingness t study is predictive (预测的) f receiving higher freshman grades. (在2018年一项针对大学新生的研究中，研究人员发现，拥有更愿意学习的朋友可以预测大一新生会得到更高的分数)”可知，第三段主要介绍了孩子会受到亲密关系的影响。故选C。
11．答案： D
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Effrts that engage (使……参与) teens in actual, real-life tasks have been the mst prmising when it cmes t changing the cntent f the values spread within teenager peer grups.(当涉及改变青少年同龄人群中传播的价值观的内容时，让青少年参与实际的、真实的任务的努力是最有希望的)”可推知，要通过积极的社会活动，在学生中传播正确的人生价值观，故选D。
12．答案： C
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句话“They break dwn very slwly ver time and can last thusands f years in the envirnment, a prperty that has led t them being knwn as “frever chemicals”.(随着时间的推移，它们分解得非常缓慢，可以在环境中持续数千年，这一特性使它们被称为“永远的化学品”)”可知，PFAS在环境中能够持续数千年，分解非常缓慢，这是它被称为“永远的化学品”的原因。故选C。
13．答案： C
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段最后两句话“The PFAS cncentratins (浓缩物) were lw in them and, bear in mind that mst peple tend t nly use straws ccasinally, bringing a limited risk t human health. Hwever, PFAS can remain in the bdy fr many years and cncentratins can build up ver time.(它们中的PFAS浓度很低，请记住，大多数人往往只是偶尔使用吸管，给人类健康带来的风险有限。然而，PFAS可以在体内停留多年，浓度会随着时间的推移而增加)”可推知，PFAS能够在体内停留多年，随着时间的推移而增加，从而影响人的健康。故选C。
14．答案： A
解析：词句猜测题。根据划线单词后面的句子“Ptential surces f cntaminatin include the sil the plant-based materials were grwn in and the water used in the prductin prcess. (潜在的污染源包括植物性材料生长的土壤和生产过程中使用的水)”可知，人们不确定PFAS是被生产商为了防水而添加到吸管中的，还是它本身就是污染的结果。污染源包括土壤和生产中使用的水。所以划线单词的意思是“污染”。故选A。
15．答案： D
解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段最后三句话“The straws are made frm five materials — paper, bamb, glass, stainless steel and plastic. PFAS were fund in the majrity f the straws tested and were mst cmmn in thse made frm paper and bamb. They were nt fund nly in steel straws tested.(吸管由五种材料制成——纸张、竹子、玻璃、不锈钢和塑料。PFAS在大多数测试的吸管中发现，在纸和竹子制成的吸管中最常见。它们不仅在测试的钢吸管中被发现)”以及全文可知，文章主要介绍了用纸和竹子等植物材料制成的吸管，通常人们认为它们比塑料制成的吸管更可持续、更环保。然而，这些吸管中PFAS的存在意味着它们看似环保，但确是有害的。故选D。
16．答案：①-⑤GEBFA
解析：
①上文“Knwing when t nap and prviding yurself with a suitable napping envirnment will prduce the greatest benefits.(知道什么时候小睡，并为自己提供一个合适的小睡环境将产生最大的好处。)”指出小睡对你有好处，空处承接上文，继续描述小睡的好处，G项“有些时候，小睡可能对你的健康更有益。”符合，故选G。
②上文“If yu wake up feeling grggy (昏沉) after a nap, yu’re sleeping t lng.(如果你在小睡后醒来感到头昏眼花，说明你睡得太久了。)”指出小睡的时间太久会让你感到头昏眼花，所以不要花太长时间小睡，空处承接上文，介绍合适的小睡时间，E项“适当的小睡时间在15到30分钟之间。”符合语境，故选E。
③上文“Plan t take naps in the afternn.(计划在下午小睡一会儿。)”是本段主题句，由此可知，本段主要介绍了小睡最好在下午，B项“午小睡的最佳时间是下午2点或3点左右。”符合，具体介绍了下午小睡的时间，故选B。
④根据本段首句“Create a quiet envirnment.(创造一个安静的环境。)”和上文“Turning ff any screens, such as yur phne, will make yu avid interference. (关闭所有屏幕，比如手机，可以避免干扰。)”可知，要找一个安静，没有光线的地方小睡，F项“找一个安静、光线不足的地方来改善你的小睡。”符合，故选F。
⑤根据下文“Allwing yurself enugh time t wake up befre cntinuing activities after yur nap is imprtant, as yu may feel grggy.(在小睡后继续活动之前，给自己足够的时间醒来是很重要的，因为你可能会感到头昏眼花。)”可知，在小睡后要给自己足够的时间来清醒，A项“给自己一点时间醒来。”符合，故选A。
17．答案：A
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Hng指出，机器人是一种智能机器，能够完成人类通常无法或不愿意完成的工作。A. unwilling不乐意的；B. unlucky不幸运的；C. cnfident自信的；D. free自由的。由上文“Rbts, Hng ntes, are intelligent machines that d the wrk humans are ften unable r”和常识可知，机器人能够完成人类通常无法或不愿意完成的工作。故选A。
18．答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意： 当他七岁的时候，他被一部电影中的两个机器人印象深刻。A. prtected保护；B. impressed给……留下印象；C. cmfrted安慰；D. supprted支持。由下文“by tw rbts in a mvie.”和下文提到的他成为工程师可知，他对一部电影中的两个机器人印象深刻，立志成为工程师，be impressed by固定搭配，意为“对……印象深刻”，故选B。
19．答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在开车回家的路上，他告诉父母他要成为一名工程师。A. engineer工程师；B. astrnaut宇航员；C. hairdresser理发师；D. teacher老师。由下文“what engineering actually is”可知，他要成为一名工程师，故选A。
20．答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着Hng长大，他开始了解工程学究竟是什么。A. change改变；B. dubt怀疑；C. remember记住；D. learn学习，了解。由下文“what engineering actually is.”和上文提到的他要成为工程师可知，要想成为工程师，得需要了解工程学究竟学什么，故选D。
21．答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他上小学的时候，他忽略了数学。A. enjyed喜欢；B. understd理解；C. ignred忽视；D. chse选择。由下文“He gt all A’s in science, but his math result was really”和“ Even thugh he disliked math,”可知，他不喜欢数学，所以此处指忽略了数学，故选C。
22．答案：C
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的科学成绩全是A，但他的数学成绩真的不令人满意。A. familiar熟悉的；B. perfect完美的；C. unsatisfactry不满意的；D. irregular不规则的。由上文“He gt all A’s in science, but his math result was really”中的but可知，前后是转折关系，他科学一直很好，但是数学成绩不令人不满意，下文“Even thugh he disliked math”也是提示，故选C。
23．答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的父亲告诉他，工程师们用科学作为工具，用数学作为语言来解决世界上的问题。A. secret秘密；B. tl工具；C. belief信任；D. gal目标。由上文“engineers slve prblems in the wrld by using science as a”可知，工程师使用科学作为工具。故选B。
24．答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管他不喜欢数学，但他意识到他必须更加努力地学习才能实现成为一名工程师的梦想。A. dream梦想；B. rder顺序；C. questin问题；D. recmmendatin推荐。根据上文提到的他想成为一名工程师可知，此处指成为工程师是他的梦想。故选A。
25．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：Hng认为想法来自任何地方和任何时间。A. truths事实；B. respnsibilities责任；C. ideas主意，想法；D. principles原则。由下文“His three-legged rbt STriDER”可知，他发明了一个三条腿的机器人，这很有创意，由此可知，此处指创意，想法来自任何地方和任何时间，故选C。
26．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的三足机器人STriDER就是一个很好的例子。A. image图像；B. sign标志；C. example例子；D. wish愿望。上文提到Hng认为想法来自任何地方和任何时间，结合下文他描述自己发明三足机器人的经历可知，他用自己发明的三足机器人来证明此观点，由此可知，此处指他的三足机器人 STriDER 就是一个很好的例子，故选C。
27．答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意： 有一次，他看见一位老太太在编头发。A. rpe绳子；B. clth布料；C. sweater毛衣；D. hair头发。由下文“the hair started t lk like legs fr Hng”可知，此处指编头发，hair是同词复现，故选D。
28．答案：B
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：突然间，对于Hng来说，头发变得像腿一样。A. Abslutely绝对；B. Suddenly突然地；C. Originally最初；D. Exactly准确地。上文“Once, he saw an elderly lady dealing with her”提到老妇人在编头发，Hng突然间出现了灵感，这三股头发对于他来说就像三条腿，随后发明了三足机器人，故选B。
29．答案：B
解析：考查动词短语词义辨析。句意： 他最终以编发为灵感设计了STriDER。A. gave up放弃；B. ended up结束；C. kept n继续；D. put ff推迟。上文“the hair started t lk like legs fr Hng”提到Hng看到老妇人将头发分成三股编头发，突然间灵感来了，三股头发对于他就像三条腿，最终他发明了机器人STriDER，故选B。
30．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：Hng说，社交媒体上的人们渴望看到他的成功，而不是他们之前的一次次失败。A. arguments争论；B. adventures冒险；C. failures失败；D. perfrmances表演。由上文“Hng said that peple n scial media are eager t see his successes, nt the”和“that came befre them”以及“if the rbt desn’t fall”可知，在STriDER机器人成功设计出来之前，它会摔倒，这说明成功之前会有一次次的失败，故选C。
31．答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，如果机器人没有摔倒或摔坏，他就不会学到任何东西。A. break摔碎；B. prtest抗议；C. hesitate犹豫；D. disappear消失。由上文“if the rbt desn’t fall r”可知，在发明机器人时，机器人会出故障，即摔倒或摔碎，但是这会让设计者从中学到很多，故选A。
32．答案：①wh②was published③as④meaningful⑤based⑥a⑦and⑧t play⑨especially⑩elements
解析：
①考查定语从句。句意：9月14日，讲述女烈士江竹筠（又名江姐）故事的音乐剧《江姐》在重庆首演。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Jiang Zhuyun，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用wh引导从句。故填wh。
②考查时态语态。句意：江1920年出生于四川省，19岁时加入中国共产党，因1961年出版的革命小说《红岩》而闻名。分析句子可知，这里考查谓语动词，由in 1961可知，时态应用一般过去时，which指代先行词the revlutinary nvel Hng Yan，主语与publish之间为被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，且主语是单数，be动词应用was。故填was published。
③考查介词。句意：小说将重庆描述为故事发生的主要城市。分析句子可知，这里考查be describe as表“被描述为”，为固定搭配。故填as。
④考查形容词。句意：它使那里的首映式非常有意义。分析句子可知，此空应填形容词作表语。故填meaningful。
⑤考查非谓语动词。句意：1964年，根据江的故事改编的歌剧《江姐》在北京首演，受到广大观众的欢迎。分析句子可知，此空考查非谓语， an pera, Jiang Jie与base之间为被动关系，所以空处应用过去分词形式作状语。故填based。
⑥考查冠词。句意：1964年，根据江的故事改编的歌剧《江姐》在北京首演，受到广大观众的欢迎。分析句子可知。这里表示“广大观众”，表泛指，所以应用不定冠词，且wide为辅音音素开始的单词，前边应用不定冠词a。故填a。
⑦考查连词。句意：2017年，当这部歌剧被改编成新的歌剧时，当时25岁的歌手王被选中扮演这个角色，他刚刚大学毕业，并获得了全国最高音乐奖。分析句子可知，此空前后两句为并列关系，所以空处应用并列连词and。故填and。
⑧考查非谓语动词。句意：2017年，当这部歌剧被改编成新的歌剧时，当时25岁的歌手王被选中扮演这个角色，他刚刚大学毕业，并获得了全国最高音乐奖。分析句子可知，这里考查be chsen t d sth表“被选择做某事”，为固定搭配。故填t play。
⑨考查副词。句意：这部音乐剧以其音乐元素的多样性吸引了许多人，尤其是年轻人，包括摇滚、民谣和流行音乐。分析句子可知，此空应填副词especially，作状语，修饰the yung“年轻人”，表示“尤其是年轻人”。故填especially。
⑩考查名词。句意：这部音乐剧以其音乐元素的多样性吸引了许多人，尤其是年轻人，包括摇滚、民谣和流行音乐。由后文rck, flk and pp music可知，这里指不同的音乐元素，所以应用复数形式。故填elements。
33．答案：
In rder t prmte heres’ virtue and spread the psitive energy, ur schl is scheduled t rganize a heres’ lecture in the schl cnference hall at 9:00 a.m this Saturday, when a number f heres in ur city will be invited t deliver speeches abut heric actins. All teachers and students are suppsed t take part in the meeting n time, listen carefully, and write yur impressins and thughts n the heric deeds after the lecture.
I am sure yu will benefit a lt and feel inspired t learn frm them as well as wrk harder in future. Lking frward t yur arrival.
The Students’ Unin
解析：1.词汇积累
为了： in rder t →with the purpse f
计划：be scheduled t→be planned t
很多：a number f →plenty f
参加： take part in→participate in
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：All teachers and students are suppsed t take part in the meeting n time, listen carefully, and write yur impressins and thughts n the heric deeds after the lecture.
拓展句：It is required that all teachers and students shuld take part in the meeting n time, listen carefully, and write yur impressins and thughts n the heric deeds after the lecture.
34．答案：
The next evening, Amy fund her drawing tls were gne. She ran t ask her grandmther. Barely lking at Amy, Bnnie tld her that they had been thrwn away already. Amy was s heartbrken and angry that she culdn’t help but yell at her grandmther. “I hate yu, Granny!” she yelled thrugh her tears and then rushed ut f the huse. She culd hear Bnnie calling after her, but she didn’t stp. Amy ran dwn the street and stpped by a shp, where her parents bught her drawing tls fr the first time and encuraged her t study hard as well as draw well. A while later, she wiped her tear-stained cheeks and returned hme with a determined heart.
Entering the huse, Amy fund Bnnie hlding her drawing tls, crying. Amy aplgized t her grandmther and prmised t study hard in the future and never let her dwn r get angry again. Bnnie als said she was srry t Amy fr nt living up t her parents’ expectatins. She encuraged Amy t paint well and try t qualify fr the painting curse. Amy stayed up all night, trying t make her art perfect, and in the end, she did have a drawing she really liked. Mr. Hendersn was very satisfied with the picture and Amy culd learn under him fr a whle summer.
解析：1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“第二天晚上，Amy发现她的绘画工具不见了。”可知，第一段可描写奶奶Bnnie将Amy的绘画工具都收起来了，这让Amy很生气，跑出去，来到了父母第一次给她买绘画工具的商店，她回想起父母要求她好好学习同时要画好画，意识到自己的问题，于是她决定回家。
②由第二段首句内容“走进房子，Amy发现邦妮拿着她的绘画工具在哭”可知，第二段可描写Bnnie和Amy互相谅解，Amy努力画了一幅自己满意的画，交给了Mr. Hendersn，Mr. Hendersn很满意，同意她参加今年夏天艺术培训项目。
2.续写线索：发现工具不见了——很生气，跑出去——回想起父母对自己的希冀——回家——道歉，互相谅解——努力绘画——画出一幅满意的画——同意参加夏天艺术培训项目
3.词汇激活行为类
①大喊： yell/shut
②回家：return hme/g back hme
③向某人道歉：aplgize t sb./make an aplgy t sb.
情绪类
①心碎的：heartbrken/very sad
②生气的：angry/annyed