北师大版高考英语一轮复习选择性必修第3册UNIT8 LITERATURE课时学案

这是一份北师大版高考英语一轮复习选择性必修第3册UNIT8 LITERATURE课时学案，共17页。


1 absrbing adj.十分吸引人的，引人入胜的
①Many small shps have been absrbed int big businesses due t the strike f the glbal financial crisis.
②The rmance in the fictin was s absrbing(absrb) and tuching that I was mved t tears.
③The famus cmpser's music wrks absrb a lt frm Chinese flk music.
Absrbed in his wrk(专心于工作)，Tm didn't realize it was getting dark.
◎absrb v．吸收(液体、气体等)；吸引全部注意力；使全神贯注；使并入，吞并；理解
absrb ne's attentin吸引某人的注意
absrb sth.int sth.使并入；吞并；同化
从……吸收……
◎absrbed adj.被……吸引的；专心致志的
be absrbed in全神贯注于
◎absrbing adj.十分吸引人的；引人入胜的；精彩的
an absrbing bk一本引人入胜的书
becme s deeply absrbed in an activity
如此专注于一项活动
2 submit [课本义]vt.呈送；提交，呈递[增补义]vt.&vi.顺从；屈服；投降
①Submit yur applicatin t
②She decided t resign frm the party rather than submit herself t the new rules.
③He is nt the kind f child wh is likely t be cwed int submissin (submit)．
Thse wh are interested in the summer camp must submit the applicatins and relevant materials by May 15(必须在5月15日前交上申请书和相关材料)．
◎把……提交给……；向……提出……
submit t服从于，屈服于……
submit neself/sb.t使某人服从于，屈服于
◎submissin n．呈递，提交；屈服，投降
submit an applicatin as early as pssible 尽早提交申请表
refuse t submit t difficulties面对困难，拒不低头
the final date fr the submissin f prpsals
呈交提案的最后日期
3 frzen adj.(河、湖等)结冰的；冷冻的，冷藏的
①These frzen (freeze) fds are the mst cnvenient f all.
②The temperatures remained belw freezing (freeze) pint thrughut the day.
①It is freezing cld utside.I am almst frzen t death(我差点被冻死了)．
②Hearing the news，his smile frze(他的笑容凝固了)，shaking his head in disbelief.
◎freeze vt.(使)结冰；(使)冻住；惊呆；吓呆
freeze (sb./sth.) t death(把某人/物)冻死
◎freezing adj.冰冷的；极冷的
belw/abve freezing pint冰点以下/上
the freezing pint冰点
wear a frzen smile n ne's face面带冰冷的微笑
be frzen t death冻死
4 desperatin n．绝望；拼命，不顾一切
①My heart frze in my chest as I saw the tractr heading twards the mtrway.I ran desperately(desperate) but failed t catch up.
②Judging frm what he has said，we can cnclude that the schlar is desperate fr fame.
③After sailing n the sea fr tw years，the seaman was desperate t return(return) hme.
In desperatin(在走投无路的情况下)，the ld wman sld her ring t get sme mney fr fd.
◎in desperatin在走投无路的/绝望的情况下
◎desperate adj.拼命的；绝望的
be desperate t d...急切地想要做……
be desperate fr...渴望得到……
in desperate need极其需要
◎desperately adv.绝望地，拼命地，不顾一切地；非常，极其
make desperate effrts t d拼命努力地做……
a nte f desperatin in his vice听他的语气他急得要命
fell int desperatin n hearing the bad news
一听到这个不好的消息，便陷入了绝望
5 abard prep.& adv.在(船，飞机，火车)上；上(船，飞机，火车)
①The passengers n bard are enjying the picturesque scenery in the bay.
②The hurricane was s strng that all the seamen abard(bard) the ship fell int the sea.
Seeing my daughter barding the train(看着我女儿登上了火车) t a distant city，I burst int tears.
◎g abard a ship(plane，train etc.)上船(飞机，火车等)
abard the train/plane/ship在火车/飞机/船上
◎bard v．登上(船，火车，飞机等)
bard a ship/plane/train登上船/飞机/火车
◎n bard在(船，火车，飞机等)上
a small bat with n ne n bard一条上面没人的小船
cars waiting t bard the ship等候上船的汽车
6 strike [课本义]vi.&vt.打，击，撞；突然发生不幸n.罢工；打击[增补义]vi.& vt.划(火柴等)；突然想到；给(某人以……)印象；敲；鸣；报时n.袭击
①But when the discus (铁饼) finally fell，it struck him n the head.
②He was struck by the artists' ttal absrptin in their wrk.
③Last year this area was struck(strike) by fld and many peple lst their lives.
④Whle villages were struck(strike) with the disease，leading many deaths.
Lucy was struck by/n/with the beauty(被这美景吸引住了) f the scene.
◎strike sb.n/in＋the＋身体部位 击打某人某部位
be struck by/n/with...被……打动；迷恋……
It strikes 某人突然想起……
◎be n strike在罢工
g n strike举行罢工
strike while the irn is ht趁热打铁
strike her head against the side f the bat 她的头撞在船舷上
7 ease [课本义]n.轻易，毫不费劲[增补义]n.舒适，悠闲vt.减轻(痛苦、忧虑)
①The ease with which she learns language is astnishing.
②Retailers are creating shpping spaces meant t put custmers at ease.
③The new laws are intended t ease the burden f scial welfare csts.
Take yur ease (你好好休息一下)，fr the jurney ahead will be lng.
◎with ease容易地；不费力地
at ease舒适，自由自在
put/set sb.at ease使某人放松/自在
take ne's ease休息，使安心，放松
◎ease 使某人消除/减轻……
ease ne's mind使某人安心
they sprawl at ease acrss the sfa他们惬意地躺在沙发上
pass the exam with ease轻而易举地通过了考试
8 sweep vt.& vi.[课本义]扫，打扫；扫去；卷走，冲走[增补义]猛烈吹过；突然袭来；扫视；迅速传播
①When spring cmes，we usually sweep ut all the dirt frm ur garage.
②A wave f tiredness swept (sweep) ver her.
First，we clean ur huse and sweep away bad luck (扫除厄运)，and then we paint drs and windws red.
sweep away席卷；冲走；消除；扫荡一空
sweep ut清除，扫掉
sweep up 打扫，清扫
sweep ver 突然袭来
sweep away the dead leaves in the yard打扫庭院里的落叶
cld winds sweep ver the barren，treeless plains寒风掠过贫瘠无树的荒原
9 make up ne's mind 下决心；拿定主意
①Picass made up his mind t express (express) himself in his wn way.
②We must bear in mind what the cach tells us.
①Why are yu unhappy，Jim? I can read yur mind(我能看透你的心思)．
②The first thing that came t my mind(我想到的第一件事)was this idea back in 2000.
mind记住
cme t (ne's) mind突然记起或想到
ut f ne's mind发疯，发狂
fix ne's mind n把注意力集中于
put ne's mind t全神贯注于；专注于
read ne's mind看出某人的心思
make up ne's mind t quit smking下决心戒烟
make up ne's mind t wrk hard下决心努力学习
10 granted视 ……为理所当然(而对其不重视)
①Friends play an imprtant part in ur lives，althugh we may take friendship fr granted.
②I knw yu're nt feeling well，s try t take it easy tday.
Yu shuld nt take it fr granted that (想当然地认为) yu can d the wrk perfectly.Take it seriusly (认真对待) and make enugh preparatins.
take it easy＝take things easy轻松；不紧张；从容
take it seriusly认真对待；当真
take ne's time 别着急；慢慢来
nt really t take it seriusly不认真地对待它
take having an endless supply f clean water fr granted想当然地认为洁净水的供应无穷无尽而不予以珍惜
11 hld n 挺住；坚持住；(打电话)别挂断；抓紧；不放开
①She kept trying t hld back her tears.
②We can stay here fr as lng as ur supplies hld ut．
③We were held up fr nearly an hur n ur way by the traffic accident.
Yu helped me (t) hld n (你帮我坚持了下来)at times when I didn't think I culd even g n trying.
hld up举起；使耽搁，延迟，阻碍
hld back阻挡；阻拦；隐瞒；控制(感情等)
hld dwn压制；限制
hld ut(在困境中)坚持；伸出手；提供；维持；抵抗
hld n t the last坚持到最后
hld n t the rck t stp neself slipping紧紧抓住岩石以免往下滑
12 [教材原句] I culdn't say where I was，nr culd I imagine.我说不出自己身在何处，也无法想象。
①Hardly had (have) he arrived hme when it began t rain.
②Enviable as/thugh the cl kids may have seemed，Dr.Prinstein's studies shw unpleasant cnsequences.
③Neither was the price satisfactry，nr did the clr agree with me.
①I will never frget the accident that happened in my wn childhd，which left a deep impressin n me.
→Never will I frget the accident that happened in my wn childhd，which left a deep impressin n me.
②She attaches great imprtance t reading.She spares at least 20 minutes every day t read.
→Nt nly des she attach great imprtance t reading，but she als spares at least 20 minutes every day t read.(用nt als合并升级为倒装句)
◎never，seldm，rarely，little，hardly等表示否定意义的词位于句首时，句子(主句)用部分倒装。
◎nly＋状语/状语从句位于句首时，句子(主句)用部分倒装。
◎nt als...连接并列复合句且nt nly位于句首时，nt nly部分用部分倒装。
◎，N ，nt until...位于句首时用倒装。
◎句式中的“s＋形容词/副词”或“such＋名词”位于句首时，主句用部分倒装。
◎表示“也(不)……”时，“s/neither/nr＋助动词/情态动词/be＋主语”用倒装形式。
◎as/thugh引导的让步状语从句使用部分倒装。
We ask thers nt t judge peple by their appearances in life，f curse，nr can we d that urselves.
我们要求别人在生活中不要以貌取人，当然我们自己也不能那样做。
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空。
1．The father as well as his three children ges skating n the frzen (freeze) river every Sunday afternn in winter.
2．Their huses were swept (sweep) away by the fld，s they had t build new nes.
3．The fictin was s absrbing(absrb) that I was entirely fascinated by it.
4．The yung man is desperate t get(get) a master's degree in rder t get prmted in the cmpany.
5．This assistant persuaded all the passengers abard(bard) the bus t fasten their safety belts.
6．Fr a while he just absrbed himself(he)in shrt­term prjects.
7．The plan will be submitted (submit) t the cmmittee fr fficial apprval.
8．In my pinin，ur children will find ther exhibits equally absrbing (absrb)．
Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词。
1．High thugh/as his salary was，he was quite thrifty and nly spent mney n necessities.
2．Hearing his sn had adjusted t schl life，the father finally felt at ease.
3．Altgether，yu shuldn't take it fr granted that yu are sure t be emplyed because yu lk intelligent.
4．Gd appearance can't guarantee yu a decent salary，nr can a bachelr's degree.
5．Yu shuld submit yur applicatin frm t the ffice as sn as pssible.
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空。
1．A warm and stimulating (stimulate) atmsphere allws children t grw and develp safely.
2．Registratin(register) fr the curse will take place a week befre the start f the term.
3．The burning plastic gave ff pisnus (pisn) gas，which is harmful t ur health.
4. Driven(drive)by a greater demand fr vegetables，farmers have built mre greenhuses.
5．A huge clud f dense smke stretched (stretch) acrss the hrizn.
6．The sun glwed red as it sank (sink) slwly belw the hrizn.
7．The ball bunced (bunce) twice befre he culd reach it.
8．Be careful when crssing the bridge r yu will fall int the water and get drwned (drwn)．
Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词。
1．It suddenly struck me hw we culd imprve the situatin.
2．All the applicants have submitted relevant materials t the persnnel department.
3．Even the great speaker smetimes will be in panic and slip int a bathrm fr practice befre making a speech.
4．Yu may depend n it that all the gds will be shipped abrad in time.
5．We were amazed，shcked，dumbfunded，shaking ur heads in disbelief.
Ⅰ.熟词生义(选出黑体词在句中的汉语意思)
1．(2022·全国乙卷)The sweep f the land and the sticism(坚忍)f the peple mve her t sme beautiful writing.B
A．清扫 B．广阔 C．席卷
2．(2020·北京卷)But Smith was struck mainly by the fact that she didn't truly grasp any f the skills the authr described.C
A．撞击 B．击打 C．猛然意识到；让(某人)觉得
3．(2020·新高考卷Ⅰ)Yu dn't need t aplgize fr a minr slip.B
A．滑倒 B．差错 C．纸条
4．(2017·天津卷)Take filling up the kitchen sink as an example.A
A．洗涤池 B．降低 C．下沉
Ⅱ.长难语句(分析句子的结构并将句子翻译成汉语)
1．(2022·全国甲卷)What peple frget is that the Italians，when they came t Australia，brught 2000 years f their culture，the Greeks sme 3000 years，and the Chinese mre still.
本句是一个主从复合句。What peple frget是主语从句；that the Italians， Chinese mre still 是表语从句。在表语从句中，when they came t Australia 是时间状语从句，the Greeks sme 3000 years和the Chinese mre still 是省略句，为了避免重复，均省略了 brught 和 f their culture。
[尝试翻译]人们忘记的是当意大利人来到澳大利亚时，带来了他们2 000年的文化，希腊人带来了大约3 000年的文化，中国人带来了更多的文化。
2．(2021·天津3月卷)As part f the package，initial and fllw­up training sessins are prvided and accmmdatin is available if required.
本句是一个复合句。句中的第二个and 连接两个并列句，第一个并列句是被动结构，第二个并列句是带有省略的条件状语从句的主系表结构的句子，其中的if required的完整形式为 if it is required。
[尝试翻译]作为整套的一部分，我们提供最初的以及后续的培训，并且，如果有要求的话，我们提供住宿。
短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并背诵该短文。
The crash was vilent and I had n idea hw I fell frm the bat.I swam twards the bat in 1.desperatin(desperate)．Suddenly，I 2.was drawn (draw) up t the surface f the sea.It was Cnseil 3.wh/that tld me t hld nt his shulder t swim 4.with ease.Near ne 'clck，I felt 5.terribly(terrible) tired and asked Cnseil t leave me.As Cnseil shuted fr help，I thught a terrible animal came.I sank and 6.struck(strike) nt a hard bdy.
I was brught t the surface 7.but uncnscius.I recgnised Ned.He tld me he was 8.frtunate(frtune)t find safety upn that large whale.But he fund the creature was made f steel，which was smth，9.plished(plish)，nthing like an animal.When the daybreak appeared，a man appeared and then eight strng men，with their faces 10.cvered(cver)，drew us dwn int their incredible machine.
Step 1.要点提示(利用本单元知识补全所给英文句子)
①简和疾病已经斗争了两年，为此遭了不少罪。
Jane had struggled against the disease fr tw years，frm which she suffered a lt.
②她无意中听到了爸爸和医生之间的对话后，她内心充满了绝望。
After she verheard the talk between her father and the dctr，she filled up with desperatin.
③她盯着病房的天花板，什么也不说。
She stared at the ceiling f the ward，saying nthing.
④妈妈告诉她要坚持，不要放弃。
Her mther tld her t hld n and never t give up.
⑤妈妈告诉她他们会筹集足够的资金到大城市寻找更好的大夫，这让简充满了希望。
Her mther tld her they wuld cllect enugh mney t hunt fr a better dctr in big cities，which made Jane full f hpe.
⑥听到妈妈的话，简下决心配合治疗。
Hearing what Mm had said，Jane made up her mind t crdinate the treatment.
Step 2.衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇)
Jane had struggled against the disease fr tw years，frm which she suffered a lt.Just nw，after she verheard the talk between her father and the dctr，she filled up with desperatin.She stared at the ceiling f the ward，saying nthing.Her mther tld her t hld n and never t give up.In additin，her mther tld her they wuld cllect enugh mney t hunt fr a better dctr in big cities，which made Jane full f hpe.Hearing what Mm had said，Jane made up her mind t crdinate the treatment.
Step 1.储备词汇(记牢本单元可用于描写的词汇)
Step 2.尝试练笔(翻译下面的续写小片段)
请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇，并用适当的过渡词完成以下语段。
昨天我读了一本令人兴奋的小说。故事情节太引人入胜了，以至于我忘了为英语考试复习功课。今天早上，当我看到试卷时，我的大脑一片空白。我绝望地浏览了一遍那张试卷，却没有发现我熟悉的任何问题。老师在桌子之间的通道里徘徊。为了答案，我扫了一眼托尼的试卷，但没有成功。然后我做了一个纸球，扔给了他。它击中了他的头，然后弹了起来。突然，一只手抓住了它。我的心一沉。老师已经盯着我看了一会儿了。作为惩罚，我不得不去清扫冰冷的院子，片片雪花落在我的头上。
Yesterday I read a stimulating fictin.The plt was s absrbing that I frgt t g ver my lessns fr the English examinatin.This mrning，when I saw the test paper，my mind went blank.I scanned the paper in desperatin，nly t find nne f the prblems was familiar t me.The teacher was wandering thrugh the passages between desks.I glanced at Tny's paper fr answers，but in vain.Then I made a paper ball and tssed it t him.It struck him n the head and bunced ff.Suddenly a hand grabbed it.My heart sank.The teacher had been staring at me fr a while.As a punishment，I had t sweep the icy yard with the flakes f snw falling upn my head.
续写语料积累
背诵·句之美
欣赏·语之秀
1.(行为描写)(2022·苏北六市联考)Once back hme，Keith lcked his huse dr with trembling hands.
2.(心理描写)(2022·重庆一中模拟)Hurt and upset，she decided never t try ut again.
3.(景物描写)(2022·南通市调研测试)The dark sky，filled with angry，swirling cluds，reflected Greg Ridley's md as he sat n the stp(门廊) f his building.
(2022·诸暨市诊断性考试)One Saturday afternn，I was watching TV in the living rm with my grandpa when a blinding flash f lightning flashed acrss the sky，fllwed by a deafening sund.Befre I realized what had happened，a gray­white shadw rushed in thrugh the pen windw and flew ver my head.
核心单词
语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
1.frgive vi.&vt.原谅，宽恕，饶恕
2.stimulating adj.使人兴奋的；饶有趣味的
3.subjective adj.主观的；主语的
4.cntradictry adj.矛盾的；抵触的
5.slip vi.溜走，悄悄地走；滑倒
6.submit vt.呈送，提交，呈递
7.stare vi.凝视，盯着看
8.disbelief n．不信，怀疑
9.dramatic adj.激动人心的；给人深刻印象的；巨大而突然的；表演的，戏剧的
10.sweep vt.&vi.扫，打扫；扫去；卷走，冲走
11.wander vi.&vt.徘徊，闲逛；漫步于
12.fetch vt.(去)拿来；(去)请来；(去)找来
13.sink vi.&vt.下沉，沉没
14.shelf n．搁板，架子
1.His quality f life has imprved dramatically (dramatic) since the peratin.
2.Lking at the crwds ut shpping，yu culd be frgiven (frgive)fr thinking that everyne has plenty f mney.
3.I helped him put up sme shelves (shelf) in his bedrm.
4.The inhabitants have t walk a mile t fetch (fetch) water.
5.She slipped (slip) away just nw withut him being aware f it.
6.A strm packing 75 mph winds swept(sweep) acrss the area last night.
7.My heart sank(sink) when I saw hw much wrk there was left.
8.It was in these studis that yung painters fund the supprt and stimulating(stimulate) cmpetitin f peers.
派生单词
语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
1.adventure n．历险，奇遇→adventurus adj.冒险的；危险的
2.absrb vt.吸收；吸引→absrbed adj.被……吸引的；专心致志的→absrbing adj.十分吸引人的，引人入胜的
3.register vt.登记；注册→registratin n．登记，注册
4.freeze v．(使)冻结，结冰；(使)冻住，冻堵；冰冻；严寒→freezing adj.严寒的，极冷的→frzen adj.(河、湖等)结冰的；冷冻的，冷藏的
5.desperate adj.绝望的；拼命的→desperately adv.绝望地，拼命地，不顾一切地；非常，极其→desperatin n．绝望；拼命，不顾一切
6.evident adj.明显的，显然的→evidently adv.明显地，显然→evidence n．证据，证明；迹象
7.cnstruct vt.建设；建造→cnstructin n．建筑物；建造物；建造，建筑
8.cntradict vt.& vi.反驳；与……矛盾；与……抵触→cntradictry adj.矛盾的；抵触的→cntradictin n．矛盾；否认；反驳
9.cntinue vi.继续，延续；仍旧，连续→cntinuus adj.持续的，不间断的，连续的→cntinuatin n．延续，继续部分
10.preserve vt.保存；保护 n．保护区；禁猎地→preservatin n．维护；保护；保持，维持；保存
1.The bk was s absrbing that he was absrbed in it and didn't ntice me cme in.(absrb)
2.I will register at the training centre in a minute because registratin will be clsed very sn.(register)
3.In the freezing weather，it is nt necessary t put the frzen meat in the fridge.(freeze)
4.Evidently，the new evidence will strengthen their case.(evident)
5.The film centres arund sme adventures f its handsme her，Mike，wh is an adventurus turist frm Canada.(adventure)
6.It really was desperately unfrtunate that this shuld have happened t her just nw.In desperatin，she called Luise and asked fr her help.(desperate)
7.Our new teaching building is under cnstructin ver there，behind which ur schl plans t cnstruct a library next year.(cnstruct)
8.The advice I received was ften cntradictry and I ften dn't knw hw t deal with the cntradictin．(cntradict)
9.Our ultimate gal must be the preservatin(preserve) f the envirnment.
10.It is a cntinuatin f culture t cntinue，keeping sme custms in that area.(cntinue)
高频短语
语境运用(选用左栏短语的适当形式填空)
granted
视……为理所当然(而对其不重视)
2.hunt fr
寻找
3.in an attempt t d sth.
试图做某事
4.be tired f
对……厌烦/厌倦
5.stare at
盯着看
6.make up ne's mind
下定决心
7.lng t d sth.
渴望做某事
8.depend n
依赖，依靠
9.drp ff
落下
10.be wet thrugh
湿透
11.slip away
悄悄溜走
12.hld n
继续； 握住不放，不挂断电话，等一下；坚持住
13.in desperatin
绝望地
14.with ease
轻易地；毫不费力地
15.fr the first time
第一次
1.In fact，we are s used t them that we may even take them fr granted withut realising hw much inspiratin they have given us.
2.If a student lacks the mtivatin t study，he r she will quickly be tired f studying.
3.Dn't wrry.Yu can depend n it that he'll turn up in time.
4.He was in desperatin when he fund all his belngings missing.
5.Their help enabled me t finish the wrk with ease.
6.All I can d is t tell her t hld n，and that there's light at the end f the tunnel.
7.She was silent fr a while，lst in thught，staring at the bks littering the rm.
8.He made up his mind t jin the army after graduatin in 2023.
原句结构辨识
写作佳句背诵
1.thugh引导的部分倒装
The blw prduced a sund f metal；and，incredible thugh it may be，it seemed as if it was made f metal plates.
尽管他是个孩子，但当收获玉米时，他尽了自己的一份力。
Child as/thugh he was，he did his part when the crn was harvested.
2.否定词置于句首时的部分倒装
I culdn't say where I was，nr culd I imagine.
烹饪快餐并不意味着牺牲风味。快餐也不见得就一定是垃圾食品。
Cking up a quick dish desn't mean yu have t sacrifice flavur.Nr des fast fd have t be junk fd.
情感描写
动作描写
环境描写
stimulating adj.使人兴奋的；饶有趣味的
absrbing adj.十分吸引人的；引人入胜的
glee n．高兴，兴奋；幸灾乐祸
desperatin n．绝望；拼命，不顾一切
frgive v．原谅，宽恕，饶恕
blank adj.空(白)的；没表情的
stare vi.凝视
scan v．粗略地看
slip vi.滑倒；溜走，悄悄地走
fetch vt.(去)拿来
sweep v．打扫，扫
wander v．徘徊，闲逛
flutter v．飘动，挥动
glance v．瞥；浏览
tss vt.& vi.扔，抛
gaze vi.凝视，注视
sink v．下沉；坐下
grab v．抢夺；抓住(机会)
strike v．撞；打；击
bunce v．(使)弹起；(使)反弹
icy adj.寒冷的，冰冷的；结冰的
frzen adj.冷冻的；冰封的
breeze n．微风
sparkling adj.闪亮的，闪光的
fence n．栅栏