2024届重庆市缙云教育联盟高三上学期一模英语试题

这是一份2024届重庆市缙云教育联盟高三上学期一模英语试题，共24页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，完形填空，语法填空，书信写作，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。

一、阅读理解
If yu really want a taste f Dutch life, a bike tur thrugh Amsterdam is the way t g.
What is included in an Amsterdam bike tur
The bicycle is f curse prvided and included in the price f the tur. Sme turs ffer cffee and tea after the tur finishes. Every tur especially has its wn theme and rute (路线). Yu can cmpare them by visiting webpages abut a particular tur.
Amsterdam bicycle tur basics
These turs are usually between ne and tw hurs lng. They are guided by friendly and knwledgeable tur guides wh are well capable in human interactins and Amsterdam infrmatin. What’s mre, the tur guides usually knw many languages and are used t dealing with cmmunicatin barriers (障碍).
If it rains, n wrries, yu can chse t cancel yur tur free f charge. This applies f curse als in case f (万一) ther bad weather r in case yu simply dn’t feel like taking the tur. The cancellatin is easy, withut questin, and free.
Imprtant during the bicycle tur f Amsterdam
Please dn’t becme s Dutch that yu disregard the traffic laws. It is a fact that sme Amsterdammers ften crss a street r a bridge when they feel like ding it. That is why staying alert (警惕的) and a little bit f biking experience can help yu t crss the small city streets during an Amsterdam bike tur. Als, unless yu are 100% sure that the weather will be plenty sunny, yu’d better bring a jacket. When yu start mving n the bike, the Amsterdam’s air can get quite cld.
1．What is special abut an Amsterdam bike tur?
A．It prvides a free bike.B．It ffers cffee and tea.
C．It includes a free lunch.D．It has its theme and rute.
2．Which f the fllwing is suggested in the last paragraph?
A．Taking n ntice f the traffic rules.B．Bringing warm clthing.
C．Ding as the Dutch d.D．Getting away frm bad weather.
3．Where can the text be fund?
A．In a histry bk.B．In a research paper.
C．In an art magazine.D．In a travel brchure.
Is future yu? It might seem like a strange philsphical questin. But the answer t hw yu think abut yur future self culd make the difference between decisins yu ultimately find satisfying and nes yu might eventually regret.
The brain patterns that emerge n an MRI (核磁共振成像) when peple think abut their future selves mst like the brain patterns that arise when they think abut strangers. This finding suggests that, in the mind’s eye, ur future selves lk like ther peple. If yu see future yu as a different persn, why shuld yu save mney, eat healthier r exercise mre regularly t benefit that stranger?
Hwever, if yu see the interests f yur distant self as mre like thse f yur present self, yu are cnsiderably mre likely t d things tday that benefit yu tmrrw. A paper in the jurnal PLS One revealed that cllege students wh experienced a greater sense f cnnectin and similarity t their future selves were mre likely t achieve academic success. Relatinships with ur future selves als matter fr general psychlgical well-being. In a prject led by Jseph Reiff, which includes 5, 000 adults aged 20 t 75, he fund that thse wh perceived a great verlap (重叠) in qualities between their current and future selves ended up being mre satisfied with their lives 10 years after filling ut the initial survey.
S hw can we better befriend ur future selves and feel mre cnnected t their fates? The psychlgical mindset with what we call ”vividness interventins“ wrks. We have fund, fr instance, that shwing peple images f their lder, grayer selves increases intentins t save fr the lng term. Besides, yu might try writing a letter t-and then frm-yur future self. As demnstrated by Yuta Chishima and Anne Wilsn in their 2020 study in the jurnal Self and Identity, when high-schl students engaged in this type f ”send-and-reply“ exercise, they experienced elevated (升高的) levels f feelings f similarity with their future selves.
Letter-writing and visualizatin exercises are just a cuple f ways we can cnnect with ur future selves and beynd, but the larger lessn here is clear: If we can treat ur distant selves as if they are peple we lve, care abut and want t supprt, we can start making chices fr them that imprve ur lives-bth tday and tmrrw.
4．What’s the functin f paragraph 2?
A．Generating further discussin.B．Intrducing a research result.
C．Shwing the effect f the finding.D．Cncluding varius viewpints.
5．Hw des the authr prve his statements?
A．By ffering relevant statistics.B．By using qutatins.
C．By referring t previus findings.D．By making cmparisns.
6．What is paragraph 4 mainly abut?
A．Benefits f befriending ur future selves.
B．Ways f cnnecting with ur future selves.
C．Methds f changing psychlgical mindsets.
D．Pssibilities f us becming ur future selves.
7．What des the article want t tell us?
A．Making future plans makes a difference.
B．Our future selves lk like ther peple.
C．Getting t knw yur future self benefits.
D．Yur chice affects the fates f strangers.
We may weep fr the dd, but culd and shuld we bring this lvely bird back frm the dead? De-extinctin is the science f restring lst species and it has been in the news fr decades.
The stry in mdern times began in 1990 when Michael Crichtn published his science fictin nvel Jurassic Park, in which he imagined a wrld where scientists were able t bring dinsaurs back t life. Crichtn imagined that plymerase chain reactin (PCR) technlgy culd be a way t amplify (放大) tiny quantities f dinsaur DNA and thus build a living embry.
Sadly, bilgists sn realized that DNA in fact breaks dwn super-fast; even after 100 years, DNA frm museum skins f dds was decayed (腐烂) beynd repair. They culd be sequenced (测定序列) using massive cmputatinal pwer, but then nly with cnsiderable uncertainty. And even if yu capture a DNA sequence, there’s still the prblem f hw yu get living cells t read that sequence and express prteins that make the dinsaur r the dd.
But why wuld anyne want t see mammths, r smething like them, raming (漫游) present-day Siberia? Well, they were undubtedly amazing beasts. As well as hunting them, ur distant ancestrs painted their likenesses in caves acrss Eurpe. Fascinating as they may be, there's sme eclgical justificatin fr the prject t.
It was this diversity f land surface, brken up by heavy limbs and randmly fertilised by faeces (排泄物), that supprted s much flra (植物群). Withut the mammths, that diversity disappeared. Return them and landscapes wuld nce again be with a variety f species, including flwers and bushes.
True, it’s nt de-extinctin in the sense f bringing a lng-dead species back t life. Instead it’s mre like making a “dd” by engineering a mdern pigen, its clsest relative, t becme huge and flightless. The result wuld be a big, fatty pigen that, whether it lked like a dd r nt, wuld prbably fulfil sme f its eclgical rles.
As a palaentlgist, I wuld f curse lve t see living dinsaurs, mammths and dds. In sme ways, thugh, I am relieved that the ptimistic claims fr clning and genetic technlgies have nt been brne ut. The slwdwn gives us time t cnsider the utcmes—and hpefully avid sme f Michael Crichtn’s mre fevered imaginings.
8．What is paragraph 2 f the text mainly abut?
A．A science fictin review.B．The develpment f DNA．
C．An inspired guess f de-extinctin.D．The applicatin f PCR technlgy.
9．What’s the barrier t clning a living embry?
A．DNA is hard t keep fr lng.B．Cmputatinal pwer is limited.
C．Bilgists are ppsed t it.D．Living cells can?t be sequenced.
10．Why are peple interested in clning extinct species?
A．They expect t seek hunt fun.B．They lack surces f mdern art.
C．They need them fr research.D．They want t see bidiversity.
11．What’s the authr’s attitude tward clning extinct species?
A．Cautius.B．Unclear.C．Dismissive.D．Apprving.
Sme ants have figured ut hw t avid getting lst: build taller anthills, accrding t a recent study.
Desert ants living in the ht, flat salt pans f Tunisia spend their days lking fr fd and reach as far as 1.1 kilmeters frm their nests. T find their way hme, desert ants use a navigatin system, relying n the sun’s psitin and cunting their steps t track their lcatin relative t their nest.
But this system becmes increasingly unreliable as the distance frm the nest increases. “We realized that, whenever the ants in salt pans came clser t their nest, they suddenly pinpinted the nest hill frm several meters distance,” says Markus Knaden, a researcher at Max Planck Institute fr Chemical Eclgy. “This made us think that the hill serves as a nest-defining landmark.”
S Knaden and clleagues captured ants frm nests in the middle f salt pans and frm alng their shrelines. Only salt-pan nests had distinct hills, up t 40 centimeters tall, whereas the hills n shreline nests were lwer r barely nticeable. Next, the team remved any hills and placed the captured insects sme distance away frm their nests. Salt-pan ants struggled mre than shre ants t find hmes. Shre ants relied n the shreline fr guidance and weren’t affected by the hill remval, the researchers cncluded.
The team further cnducted anther study t see if desert ants were deliberately building a taller hill when their surrundings lacked any visible landmarks. S, the researchers remved the hills f 16 salt-pan nests and installed (安装) tw 50-centimeter-tall blcks near eight f them. The ther eight nests were left withut any artificial visual aid. After three days, the researchers fund that seven ants frm the unaided nests had rebuilt their hills. But nly tw ants frm the nests with man-made blcks nearby had bthered t rebuild.
“It implies that ants regularly assess the cmplexity f their envirnment and change their decisins based n their cnclusin,” says eclgist Judith Brnstein f the University f Arizna.
12．What aspect f ants is the recent study mainly abut?
A．Challenges f survival.B．Landmarks f habitats.
C．Intelligence f navigatin.D．Cmparisn f varieties.
13．What des the underlined wrd “pinpinted” in paragraph 2 mean?
A．Explred.B．Recgnized.C．Climbed.D．Crssed.
14．Why did researchers set shreline ants in the experiment?
A．T bserve different ants’ reactins.B．T prve impacts f varius habitats.
C．T disturb desert ants’ navigatin system.D．T test anthills’ functins and significance.
15．What cnclusin abut desert ants can be drawn frm the fllw-up study?
A．Evaluate and make changes.B．Visual aid is a must.
C．Cperatin brings victry.D．N man-made blcks are used.
As the cncept f emtinal intelligence (EI) has gne glbal, we’ve watched prfessinals fail as they try t imprve their emtinal intelligence because they either dn’t knw where t fcus their effrts r they haven’t understd hw t imprve these skills n a practical level. In ur wrk cnsulting with cmpanies and caching leaders, we have fund that if yu’re lking t develp particular EI strengths, it helps t cnsider areas fr imprvement thers have identified alng with the gals yu want t achieve, and then t actively build habits in thse areas rather than simply relying n understanding them cnceptually.
The first step is t get a sense f hw yur self-perceptin (hw yu see yurself) differs frm yur reputatin (hw thers see yu); 16 . Fr example, mst f us think that we’re gd listeners, but very ften that’s really nt the case. Withut this external reality check, it will be difficult fr yu t identify the ways that yur actins affect yur perfrmance. Getting feedback frm thers can als prvide prf f the necessity f shifting ur behaviur and mtivatin t d s.
T give yu the best sense f where the differences lie between yur self-perceptin and reputatin, yu shuld use a 360-degree feedback assessment that takes int accunt the multiple facets f EI; 17 . Secndly, when yu get yur feedback frm an assessment, let that infrm what yu want t imprve. But als cnsider what yur gals are. When it cmes t cultivating strengths in emtinal intelligence, 18 . Yur emtinal intelligence is s tied up in yur sense f self that being intrinsically mtivated t make the effrt matters mre when changing lng-standing habits than it des when simply learning a skill.
That means the areas that yu chse t actively wrk n shuld lie at the crssrads f the feedback yu’ve gtten and the areas that are mst imprtant t yur wn aspiratins; 19 as yu d the wrk f strengthening yur emtinal intelligence.
Once yu’ve determined which EI skills yu want t fcus n, identify specific actins that yu’ll take. If yu’re wrking n becming a better listener, fr example, yu might decide that when yu’re cnversing with smene yu’ll take the time t pause, listen t what they have t say, and check that yu understand befre yu reply. Keep it specific: 20 .
By starting t change yur rutine reactins, yu’ll be well n yur way t figuring ut the ld habits that aren’t serving yu well and transfrming them int new, imprved nes that d.
A．yu’re at a huge disadvantage if yu’re nly interested because thers said yu shuld be
B．bearing yur gals in mind is s helpful t imprve the psitive impact f yur current EI habits
C．yu shuld als take every pprtunity t practice the skill yu are develping, n matter hw small
D．understanding the impacts f yur EI habits relative t yur gals will keep yu ging ver the lng run
E．the key is t find ne that guarantees n persnal infrmatin f thse giving yu feedback will be leaked
F．hw thers see yu will t sme extent decide hw yu see thers and help yu becme a gd listener
G．this is true because we can be blind t hw we express and read the emtinal cmpnents f ur interactins
二、完形填空
The expressin, “Everybdy’s ding it,” is very much at the center f the cncept f peer pressure. It is a scial influence applied n an individual in rder t get that persn t act r believe in a(n) 21 way as a larger grup. This influence can be negative r psitive, and can exist in bth large and small grups.
Peple are scial creatures by nature, and s it is hardly 22 that sme part f their self-respect cmes frm the apprval f thers. This instinct explains why the apprval f peers, and the fear f 23 , is such a pwerful frce in many peple’s lives. This instinct drives peple t dress ne way at hme and anther way at wrk, r t answer a simple “fine” when a stranger asks “Hw are yu?” even if it is nt necessarily true. There is a(n) 24 aspect t this: It helps sciety t functin efficiently, and encurages a general level f self-discipline that 25 day-t-day interactin between peple.
Fr certain individuals, seeking scial acceptance is s imprtant that it becmes a(n) 26 : in rder t satisfy the desire, they may g s far as t 27 their sense f right and wrng. Teens and yung adults may feel frced t use drugs, r jin gangs that 28 criminal behavir. Mature adults may smetimes feel 29 t cver up illegal activity at the cmpany where they wrk, r end up in debt because they are unable t hld back the desire t buy a huse r car that they can’t affrd in an effrt t 30 the peers.
Hwever, peer pressure is nt always negative. A student whse friends are gd at cntests may be 31 t wrk harder and get gd grades. Players n a sprts team may feel driven t play harder in rder t help the team win. This type f 32 can als get a friend ff drugs, r t help an adult take up a gd habit r drp a bad ne.
Althugh peer pressure is smetimes quite bvius, it can als be s 33 that a persn may nt even ntice that it is affecting his r her behavir. Fr this reasn, when making imprtant decisins, simply ging with a(n) 34 is risky. Instead, peple shuld seriusly cnsider why they feel drawn t taking a particular actin, and whether the real 35 is simply that everyne else is ding the same thing.
21．A．traditinalB．similarC．peculiarD．ppsite
22．A．understandableB．believableC．acceptableD．surprising
23．A．disapprvalB．failureC．absenceD．independence
24．A．uncertainB．practicalC．impssibleD．vague
25．A．prmtesB．preventsC．simplifiesD．increases
26．A．challengeB．inspiratinC．prmiseD．addictin
27．A．recgnizeB．abandnC．decreaseD．define
28．A．avidB．encurageC．declineD．punish
29．A．pressuredB．respectedC．delightedD．regretted
30．A．catch sight fB．stay away frmC．make fun fD．keep up with
31．A．taughtB．arguedC．urgedD．adapted
32．A．knwledgeB．interestC．assistanceD．influence
33．A．specificB．ridiculusC．subtleD．reasnable
34．A．cnsciusnessB．mtivatinC．instinctD．encuragement
35．A．mtivatinB．dangerC．supprtD．achievement
三、语法填空
Directins: After reading the passage belw, fill in the blanks t make the passages cherent and grammatically crrect. Fr the blanks with a given wrd, fill in each blank with the prper frm f the given wrd; fr the ther blanks, use ne wrd that best fits each blank.
Imagine fr a mment that yur unbrn child has a rare genetic disrder. Nt 36 at least vaguely familiar, such as sickle-cell anaemia r cystic fibrsis, but rather a cnditin 37 (bury) deep within the medical dictinary. Adrenleukdys trphy, maybe. Or Ehlers-Danls syndrme.
Wuld yu, when yur child is brn, want t knw abut it? If effective treatments were available, yu prbably wuld. But if nt? If the utcme were fatal, wuld yur interest in knwing abut it depend n whether yur newbrn had five years f life 38 (lk) frward t, r ten? Or 30?
Tday these questins are mstly hypthetical. Precisely because they are rare, such disrders are seldm nticed at birth. They manifest (显现) themselves nly gradually, and ften with unpredictable severity. But that may sn change. Twenty years after the first human genme 39 (map), the price f whle-genme sequencing has fallen t a pint 40 it culd, in rich cuntries at least, be ffered rutinely t newbrns. Parents will then have t decide exactly hw much they want t knw.
Early diagnsis brings with it the pssibility f early treatment. Mrever, sequencing the genmes f newbrns culd ffer a lifetime f returns. A patient’s genme may reveal 41 drugs will wrk best in his r her particular case fr cnditins such as ADHD, depressin and cancer. Cmbined with infrmatin abut smene’s way f life, it culd highlight easily neglected health risks such as cancers and cardivascular disease, leading t better preventive measures. A database f genmes, 42 (match) t living peple, wuld be a benefit t medical research. The fruits f that research, in turn, wuld make thse genmes mre useful t their wners as time ges n.
Such a pwerful new technlgy create new dangers. Widespread screening fr thusands f ptentially harmful genes may be cunterprductive: sme results may wrry parents unnecessarily, because sme genetic variatins, 43 ccasinally indicative f disease, are nt strngly s. Parents may nt want t unlck all the secrets that their newbrn’s genme might reveal. Sme may indeed prefer nt t knw abut cnditins that cannt be treated. Adult-nset illnesses pse a different dilemma — a reasnable psitin is that it 44 be up t the children themselves, nce grwn, t decide whether they want t lk at their genmic infrmatin. A further cncern is that data will nt be kept secure, and may be leaked r therwise misused 45 sme pint in the future.
四、书信写作
46．假定你是李华，即将来临的寒假假期生活，主题为“Enjy a happy and healthy life f the vacatin”，请写一篇英文发言稿，要点如下：
1. 健康快乐生活的重要性；
2. 怎样才能做到健康快乐地生活(乐观、锻炼等)；
3. 享受假期快乐生活和充分利用时间学习。
注意：
1.100词左右。
2.开头已给出，不计入单词总数。
Dear fellw students,
It’s my hnr t be here t share my pinin ...
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Li Hua
五、书面表达
47．阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的短文。
A Little By
A little by selling magazines fr schl walked up t a huse that peple rarely visited. The huse was very ld and shabby and the wner hardly ever came ut. When he did cme ut, he wuld nt say hell t his neighbrs r passers-by but simply just glared at them.
The by kncked n the dr and waited, sweating frm fear f the ld man. The by’s parents tld him t stay away frm the huse, and a lt f ther neighbrhd children were tld the same thing frm their parents.
Dusk fund the by lingering n and hesitating what t d. As he was ready t walk away, the dr slwly pened. “What d yu want?” the ld man said impatiently. The little by was very afraid but he had a quta (定额) t meet fr schl with selling the magazines. S he gt up the curage and said, “Uh, Sir, I am selling these magazines and, uh, I was wndering if yu wuld like t buy ne frm me.”
The ld man just stared at the by withut a wrd. The by culd see inside the ld man’s huse and saw that he had dg figurines (小雕像) n the fireplace mantle. “D yu cllect dgs?” The little by asked. “Yes, I have many cllectins in my huse. They are my family here and they are all I have.” The by then felt srry fr the man, as it seemed that he was a very lnely sul.
“Well, I d have a magazine here fr cllectrs. It is perfect fr yu. I als have ne abut dgs since yu like dgs s much.” The ld man was ready t clse the dr n the by and said, “N, by. I dn’t need any magazines f any kind, nw gdbye.”
The little by was sad that he was nt ging t make his quta with the sale. He was als sad fr the ld man being s alne in the huse that he wned. The by went hme and then had an idea. He had a little dg figurine that he gt sme years ag frm an aunt. The figurine did nt mean nearly as much t him since he had a real live dg and a large family.
注意:
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
The little by headed back dwn t the ld man’s huse.
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Frm that day n smething changed inside the ld man.
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参考答案：
1．D 2．B 3．D
【导语】这是一篇应用文，主要介绍了阿姆斯特丹的自行车之旅。
1．细节理解题。根据What is included in an Amsterdam bike tur部分关键句“Every tur especially has its wn theme and rute (路线).(每次旅游都有自己的主题和路线。)”可知，阿姆斯特丹自行车之旅的特别之处是有它的主题和路线。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据最后一段关键句“Als, unless yu are 100% sure that the weather will be plenty sunny, yu’d better bring a jacket. When yu start mving n the bike, the Amsterdam’s air can get quite cld.(此外，除非你百分之百确定天气会很晴朗，否则你最好带一件夹克。当你开始骑自行车时，阿姆斯特丹的空气会变得很冷。)”可知，最后一段中建议我们带上暖和的衣服。故选B。
3．推理判断题。通读全文，结合第一段关键句“If yu really want a taste f Dutch life, a bike tur thrugh Amsterdam is the way t g.(如果你真的想体验荷兰人的生活，那么骑自行车游览阿姆斯特丹是不错的选择。)”可知，本文主要介绍了阿姆斯特丹的自行车之旅，由此可知，这是一篇与旅行相关的文章，可能出现在一本旅游手册中。故选D。
4．A 5．C 6．B 7．C
【导语】这是一片说明文。文章主要介绍了与自己未来建立联系的好处，以及如何与未来的自己建立联系，并为未来做出有益的选择。
4．推理判断题。根据第二段“The brain patterns that emerge n an MRI(核磁共振成像)when peple think abut their future selves mst like the brain patterns that arise when they think abut strangers. This finding suggests that, in the mind’s eye, ur future selves lk like ther peple. If yu see future yu as a different persn, why shuld yu save mney, eat healthier r exercise mre regularly t benefit that stranger?(当人们思考未来的自我时，核磁共振成像上出现的大脑模式最像是当他们思考陌生人时产生的大脑模式。这一发现表明，在大脑的眼中，我们未来的自己看起来和其他人一样。如果你把未来的自己视为一个不同的人，你为什么要省钱、吃得更健康或更经常地锻炼来造福那个陌生人？)”可推知，本段通过设问来引出下文，产生进一步的讨论，为什么要和未来的自己建立联系。故选A。
5．推理判断题。根据第三段第二句话到最后一句话“A paper in the jurnal PLS One revealed that cllege students wh experienced a greater sense f cnnectin and similarity t their future selves were mre likely t achieve academic success. Relatinships with ur future selves als matter fr general psychlgical well-being. In a prject led by Jseph Reiff, which includes 5, 000 adults aged 20 t 75, he fund that thse wh perceived a great verlap(重叠) in qualities between their current and future selves ended up being mre satisfied with their lives 10 years after filling ut the initial survey. (《公共科学图书馆综合》杂志上的一篇论文显示，与未来自我有更大联系感和相似感的大学生更有可能在学业上取得成功。与未来自我的关系对整体心理健康也很重要。在Jseph Reiff领导的一个项目中，包括5000名年龄在20岁至75岁之间的成年人，他发现那些认为自己现在和未来的品质有很大重叠的人，在完成最初的调查10年后，最终对自己的生活更加满意)”可推知，作者通过参考先前的发现来证明他的陈述。故选C。
6．主旨大意题。根据第四段第一句话“S hw can we better befriend ur future selves and feel mre cnnected t their fates?(那么，我们如何才能更好地与未来的自己成为朋友，并与他们的命运更加紧密地联系在一起呢？)”以及全段内容来看，本段主要介绍了与未来的自己联系的方式。故选B。
7．推理判断题。根据第一段中第二句话“But the answer t hw yu think abut yur future self culd make the difference between decisins yu ultimately find satisfying and nes yu might eventually regret.(但是，你如何看待未来的自己的答案可能会决定你最终感到满意的决定和你最终可能后悔的决定)”及第三段的第二、三句话“A paper in the jurnal PLS One revealed that cllege students wh experienced a greater sense f cnnectin and similarity t their future selves were mre likely t achieve academic success. Relatinships with ur future selves als matter fr general psychlgical well-being.(《公共科学图书馆综合》杂志上的一篇论文显示，与未来自我有更大联系感和相似感的大学生更有可能在学业上取得成功。与未来自我的关系对整体心理健康也很重要)”和最后一段“Letter-writing and visualizatin exercises are just a cuple f ways we can cnnect with ur future selves and beynd, but the larger lessn here is clear: If we can treat ur distant selves as if they are peple we lve, care abut and want t supprt, we can start making chices fr them that imprve ur lives-bth tday and tmrrw(写信和可视化练习只是我们与未来自我和未来自我联系的几种方式，但这里更大的教训是明确的：如果我们能把遥远的自我当作我们爱、关心和想要支持的人来对待，我们就能开始为他们做出选择，改善我们今天和明天的生活)”可知，文章介绍了与未来自己建立联系的好处，如何与未来的自己建立联系，并为未来做出有益的选择。由此推知，这篇文章想告诉我们了解未来的自己的利好处。故选C。
8．C 9．A 10．D 11．A
【导语】本篇是议论文，作者对克隆灭绝物种进行了分析。
8．主旨大意题。文章第二段讲到“in which he imagined a wrld where scientists were able t bring dinsaurs back t life. Crichtn imagined that plymerase chain reactin (PCR) technlgy culd be a way t amplify (放大) tiny quantities f dinsaur DNA and thus build a living embry. (在小说里，他想象了一个科学家能够让恐龙复活的世界。克莱顿设想聚合酶链式反应（PCR）技术可能是一种扩增(放大) 微小数量的恐龙DNA，从而构建了一个活的胚胎。)”可知，第二段的主要内容是一个关于灭绝动物复活启发性猜测。故选C。
9．细节理解题。文章第三段讲到“Sadly, bilgists sn realized that DNA in fact breaks dwn super-fast; even after 100 years, DNA frm museum skins f dds was decayed (腐烂) beynd repair. (可悲的是，生物学家很快意识到DNA实际上分解得非常快；即使在100年后，博物馆里渡渡鸟皮肤上的DNA也腐烂得无法修复。)”可知，克隆活胚胎的障碍是很难长期保存。故选A。
10．细节理解题。文章第五段讲到“Withut the mammths, that diversity disappeared. Return them and landscapes wuld nce again be with a variety f species, including flwers and bushes. (没有长毛象，这种多样性就消失了。让他们回归，景观将再次出现各种各样的物种，包括花朵和灌木。)”可知，人们热衷于克隆灭绝动物主要是想看到生物的多样性。故选D。
11．推理判断题。文章最后一段讲到“The slwdwn gives us time t cnsider the utcmes—and hpefully avid sme f Michael Crichtn’s mre fevered imaginings (经济放缓给了我们时间来考虑结果——并有望避免迈克尔·克莱顿的一些更狂热的想象)”可知，作者对克隆灭绝动物持谨慎的观点。故选A。
12．C 13．B 14．A 15．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章探讨了沙漠蚂蚁的“智能化导航”。
【详解】1.细节理解题。根据第一段“Sme ants have figured ut hw t avid getting lst: build taller anthills, accrding t a recent study.(一些蚂蚁已经想出了如何避免迷路：根据最近的一项研究，就是建造更高的蚁丘)”以及第二、三段中的内容可知，研究发现沙漠蚂蚁利用太阳的位置和计算步数来确定自己相对于巢穴的位置，并且当它们离巢越远时，这种导航系统越不可靠。研究者进一步观察了沙漠盐田和海岸线地区的蚂蚁巢穴，发现只有沙漠盐田的巢穴上方有明显的小丘，而海岸线地区的巢穴则较低或几乎不可见。由此可知，这项研究主要关于蚂蚁导航的智能化。故选 C。
2.词句猜测题。根据划线词下文“This made us think that the hill serves as a nest-defining landmark.(这让我们觉得这座山就像是一个定义巢穴的地标)”可知，研究者认为这个小丘是沙漠蚂蚁定位巢穴的地标,它们在接近巢穴时会一下子在几米远的距离外辨认出巢穴小丘。由此可知，划线词pinpinted的意思是“辨认”。故选B。
3.推理判断题。根据第四段的内容可知，研究者对沙漠蚂蚁和海岸线蚂蚁进行了实验，目的是比较它们在失去小丘后找回巢穴的情况。因此，研究者在实验中设置海岸线蚂蚁是为了观察不同蚂蚁的反应和表现。故选A。
4. 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“After three days, the researchers fund that seven ants frm the unaided nests had rebuilt their hills. But nly tw ants frm the nests with man-made blcks nearby had bthered t rebuild.(三天后，研究人员发现，无人帮助的蚂蚁巢中有七只蚂蚁重建了它们的丘陵。但是只有两只来自附近有人造障碍的蚂蚁巢中的蚂蚁费心去重建)”以及最后一段中的“It implies that ants regularly assess the cmplexity f their envirnment and change their decisins based n their cnclusin.(这意味着蚂蚁定期评估其环境的复杂性，并根据他们的结论改变他们的决定)”可知，研究者进行了一项后续研究，发现当人为移除沙漠蚂蚁的盐田巢穴的小丘时，一些蚂蚁重新建造了它们的小丘，而有一些蚂蚁利用人为搭建的地标建巢。由此可知，蚂蚁会定期评估周围环境的复杂性，并根据自己的结论改变决策。故选A。
16．G 17．E 18．A 19．D 20．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要探讨了提高情商的方法：了解自我认知与声誉之间的区别，明确目标，确定改变具体的行动。
16．根据上文“The first step is t get a sense f hw yur self-perceptin (hw yu see yurself) differs frm yur reputatin (hw thers see yu);(第一步是弄清楚你的自我认知(你如何看待自己)和你的声誉(别人如何看待你)有何不同)”可知，提高情商第一步得弄清楚你对自己的看法和别人对你的看法有何不同。再结合后句“Fr example, mst f us think that we’re gd listeners, but very ften that’s really nt the case. Withut this external reality check, it will be difficult fr yu t identify the ways that yur actins affect yur perfrmance.(例如，我们大多数人都认为自己是好的倾听者，但事实往往并非如此。如果没有这种外部的现实检查，你就很难确定你的行为是如何影响你的表现的)”可知，其他人的看法会给我们提供一些好的反馈。G选项“this is true because we can be blind t hw we express and read the emtinal cmpnents f ur interactins(这是真的，因为我们可能对我们如何表达和解读互动中的情感成分视而不见)”符合语境，下文是对选项的举例说明。故选G项。
17．根据上文“T give yu the best sense f where the differences lie between yur self-perceptin and reputatin, yu shuld use a 360-degree feedback assessment that takes int accunt the multiple facets f EI;(为了让你更好地了解你的自我认知和声誉之间的差异，你应该使用考虑到情商的多个方面的360度反馈评估)”可知，了解差异的最佳方式是采用360°反馈评估。且空后内容为方法的第二步，由此推知，空处承接上文陈述在寻找反馈时的注意事项。E选项“the key is t find ne that guarantees n persnal infrmatin f thse giving yu feedback will be leaked(关键是要找到一个能保证给你反馈的人的个人信息不会泄露的人)”符合语境，故选E项。
18．根据后文“Yur emtinal intelligence is s tied up in yur sense f self that being intrinsically mtivated t make the effrt matters mre when changing lng-standing habits than it des when simply learning a skill.(你的情商与你的自我意识密切相关，所以在改变长期的习惯时，内在的动力更重要，而不仅仅是学习一项技能)”可知，内在的动力很重要，不能被其他人的言论影响。再结合上文上文“ When it cmes t cultivating strengths in emtinal intelligence(说到培养情商方面的优势)”可知，当提到培养情商时，如果因为别人的言论而去做一件事，就是处于劣势。A选项“yu’re at a huge disadvantage if yu’re nly interested because thers said yu shuld be(如果你只是因为别人说你应该感兴趣，你就会处于极大的劣势)”符合语境。故选A项。
19．根据上文“That means the areas that yu chse t actively wrk n shuld lie at the crssrads f the feedback yu’ve gtten and the areas tht are mst imprtant t yur wn aspiratins; (这意味着你选择积极努力的领域应该处于你所获得的反馈和对你自己的理想最重要的领域的十字路口)”可知，我们要找准我们应该积极努力的区域。D选项“understanding the impacts f yur EI habits relative t yur gals will keep yu ging ver the lng run(了解你的情商习惯对你的目标的影响会让你在长期的发展中保持下去)”符合语境，故选D项。
20．根据上文“If yu’re wrking n becming a better listener, fr example, yu might decide that when yu’re cnversing with smene yu’ll take the time t pause, listen t what they have t say, and check that yu understand befre yu reply. Keep it specific:(例如，如果你正在努力成为一个更好的倾听者，你可能会决定当你和别人交谈时，你会花时间停下来，听他们说什么，在回答之前检查你是否理解。具体一点)”可知，我们要花时间停下来认真听别人的话，下文应陈述具体应该怎么做。C选项“yu shuld als take every pprtunity t practice the skill yu are develping, n matter hw small(你也应该珍惜每一个练习你正在培养的技能的机会，无论多么小)”符合语境，故选C项。
21．B 22．D 23．A 24．B 25．C 26．D 27．B 28．B 29．A 30．D 31．C 32．D 33．C 34．C 35．A
【导语】这是一篇议论文。主要探讨了同龄人压力的概念，指出它是社会影响的核心，可以积极也可以消极，常常影响人的行为和信仰。人天生社交，寻求认可是自然的需求，因此，人们在不同场合可能会改变自己的行为，迎合社会期望。某些人为了获得认可，可能会放弃个人原则，导致上瘾或加入不良团体。然而，同伴压力也可以激励人们更努力学习、比赛，甚至帮助戒毒或养成好习惯。有时，同伴压力微妙且隐蔽，影响个人却不自知，因此，人们在重要决定时应深思熟虑，避免盲从他人，真正了解自己的动机。
21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一种对个人施加的社会影响，目的是使个人的行为或信念与更大的群体相似。A. traditinal传统的；B. similar相似的；C. peculiar特别的；D. ppsite相反的。根据后文“Instead, peple shuld seriusly cnsider why they feel drawn t taking a particular actin, and whether the real 15 is simply that everyne else is ding the same thing.”可知每个人都在做相同的事情，表明个人的行为或信念会倾向于与更大的群体相似。故选B项。
22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：人的天性是社会性的，因此，他们的自尊有一部分来自他人的认可也就不足为奇了。A. understandable可理解的；B. believable可信的；C. acceptable可接受的；D. surprising惊讶的。根据上文“Peple are scial creatures”和后文“Fr certain individuals, seeking scial acceptance is s imprtant that it becmes a(n) 6 ”可知，作为群体生物，对某些人来说，寻求社会认可是如此重要，他们的自尊有一部分来自群体中他人的认可这件事并不令人惊讶。故选D项。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种本能解释了为什么同龄人的认可和对不认可的恐惧在许多人的生活中如此强大。A. disapprval不认可；B. failure失败；C. absence缺席；D. independence独立。根据前文“This instinct explains why the apprval f peers, and the fear f...”和下文“a pwerful frce”可知，对不被认可的恐惧是强大的量。故选A项。
24．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这有其实用的一面：它有助于社会高效运转，鼓励人们普遍自律，简化人与人之间的日常交往。A. uncertain不确定的；B. practical实用的；C. impssible不可能的；D. vague模糊的。根据后文“It helps sciety t functin efficiently, and encurages a general level f self-discipline that 5 day-t-day interactin between peple.”可知，这是在现实中的表现形式，它有助于社会高效运转，鼓励人们普遍自律，简化人与人之间的日常交往，这是它实用的一面。故选B项。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这有其实用的一面：它有助于社会高效运转，鼓励人们普遍自律，简化人与人之间的日常交往。A. prmtes促进；B. prevents预防；C. simplifies简化；D. increases提高。根据前文“r t answer a simple ‘fine’ when a stranger asks ‘Hw are yu?’ even if it is nt necessarily true.”可知当陌生人问“你好吗？”时，回答一句简单的“很好”，即使这并不一定是真的。这可以简化人与人之间的日常交往。故选C项。
26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：对某些人来说，寻求社会认可是如此重要，以至于上瘾：为了满足这种欲望，他们可能不惜放弃自己的是非观。A. challenge挑战；B. inspiratin灵感；C. prmise承诺；D. addictin上瘾。根据后文“Teens and yung adults may feel frced t use drugs, r jin gangs that 8 criminal behavir. ”可知对于青少年或者年轻人，他们寻求社会认可，以至于让自己对毒品或者加入帮派上瘾。故选D项。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：对某些人来说，寻求社会认可是如此重要，以至于上瘾：为了满足这种欲望，他们可能不惜放弃自己的是非观。A. recgnize认出；B. abandn放弃；C. decrease减少；D. define定义。根据后文“Mature adults may smetimes feel 9 t cver up illegal activity at the cmpany where they wrk”可知成熟的成年人有时会感到压力，不得不掩盖所在公司的非法活动，放弃了自己的是非观。故选B项。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：青少年和年轻人可能会感到被迫吸毒，或加入鼓励犯罪行为的帮派。A. avid避免；B. encurage鼓励；C. decline降低；D. punish惩罚。根据前文“Teens and yung adults may feel frced t use drugs, r jin gangs”可知加入的帮派鼓励非法行为。故选B项。
29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：成熟的成年人有时可能会感到压力，要掩盖他们工作的公司的非法活动，或者为了努力跟上同龄人，他们无法抑制购买他们买不起的房子或汽车的欲望，最终负债。A. pressured有压力的；B. respected尊敬；C. delighted开心的；D. regretted遗憾的。根据后文“t cver up illegal activity at the cmpany”可知，掩盖公司的非法活动需要承受压力。故选A项。
30．考查动词短语辨析。句意：成熟的成年人有时可能会感到压力，要掩盖他们工作的公司的非法活动，或者为了努力跟上同龄人，他们无法抑制购买他们买不起的房子或汽车的欲望，最终负债。A. catch sight f看见；B. stay away frm远离；C. make fun f取笑；D. keep up with跟上。根据下文“the desire t buy a huse r car”和常识可推知，成年人要跟同龄人比较房子车子，要努力去赶上自己的同龄人。故选D项。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果一个学生的朋友在竞赛中表现出色，他可能会被督促更加努力，取得好成绩。A. taught教；B. argued争论；C. urged敦促；D. adapted适应。根据后文“Players n a sprts team may feel driven t play harder in rder t help the team win.”可知个人的行为会对其他人产生促进作用，即其他人的正向行为会反过来对自己产生敦促的影响。故选C项。
32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种影响还可以让朋友戒毒，或帮助成年人养成好习惯或改掉坏习惯。A. knwledge知识；B. interest兴趣；C. assistance协助；D. influence影响。根据前文“Players n a sprts team may feel driven t play harder in rder t help the team win. ”可知个人的行为会对其他人产生促进的影响。这种影响可以让朋友戒毒，或帮助成年人养成好习惯或改掉坏习惯。故选D项。
33．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然同龄人压力有时非常明显，但也可能非常微妙，以至于一个人可能根本没有注意到它正在影响自己的行为。A. specific特定的；B. ridiculus荒诞的；C. subtle微妙的；D. reasnable合理的。根据后文“a persn may nt even ntice that it is affecting his r her behavir.”可知这种影响也可能是不易留意到的，表明同龄人压力有时非常明显，但也可能非常微妙的。故选C项。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，在做出重要决定时，仅仅凭直觉是有风险的。A. cnsciusness意识；B. mtivatin动机；C. instinct直觉；D. encuragement鼓励。根据前文“a persn may nt even ntice that it is affecting his r her behavir.”可知这种影响也可能是不易留意到的，可推知同龄人压力不易察觉，因此在做出重要决定时，仅仅凭直觉是有风险的。故选C项。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：相反，人们应该认真考虑自己为什么会被某种行为所吸引，真正的动机是否只是因为其他人都在做同样的事情。A. mtivatin动机；B. danger危险；C. supprt支持；D. achievement成就。根据前文“The expressin, ‘Everybdy is ding it’, is very much at the center f the cncept f peer pressure.”可知人们被某种行为所吸引时应考虑一下自己做这件事的动机是否因为每个人都在做同样的事情。故选A项。
36．smething 37．buried 38．t lk 39．was mapped 40．where 41．which 42．matched 43．thugh 44．shuld 45．at
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了某些疾病难以预测，但在第一个人类基因组图谱绘制完成20年后，全基因组测序的价格已经下降到可以（至少在富裕国家）常规提供给新生儿的程度。与活人相匹配的基因组数据库将有利于医学研究。
36．考查代词。句意：至少不是一些似曾相识的疾病，比如镰状细胞贫血症或囊性纤维化，而是一种深深植根于医学词典中的疾病。根据句意可知，表示一些，应用不定代词smething。故填smething。
37．考查非谓语动词。句意：不是像镰状细胞贫血或囊性纤维化这样的稍微熟悉的疾病，而是深埋在医学词典中的一种疾病。分析句子结构可知bury与逻辑主语cnditin构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填buried。
38．考查非谓语动词。句意：如果结果是致命的，你是否有兴趣知道它取决于你的新生儿的寿命是5年还是10年？或30年？此处为have+宾语+宾补结构，且表示将来的动作应用不定式。故填t lk。
39．考查时态语态。句意：在第一个人类基因组图谱绘制完成20年后，全基因组测序的价格已经下降到可以(至少在富裕国家)常规提供给新生儿的程度。主语与谓语构成被动关系，根据上文Twenty years after可知动作发生在过去，故用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为the first human genme，谓语用单数。故填was mapped。
40．考查定语从句。句意：在第一个人类基因组图谱绘制完成20年后，全基因组测序的价格已经下降到可以(至少在富裕国家)常规提供给新生儿的程度。定语从句修饰先行词pint，在从句中作地点状语，故填where。
41．考查宾语从句。句意：病人的基因组可能会揭示哪种药物对他或她的特殊情况最有效，比如多动症、抑郁症和癌症。结合有关某人生活方式的信息，它可以突出容易被忽视的健康风险，如癌症和心血管疾病，从而导致更好的预防措施。引导宾语从句，从句中表示“哪一种药物”应用which。故填which。
42．考查非谓语动词。句意：与活人相匹配的基因组数据库将有利于医学研究。分析句子结构可知match与逻辑主语A database f genmes构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填matched。
43．考查状语从句。句意：对数千种潜在有害基因的广泛筛查可能会适得其反：一些结果可能会让父母不必要地担心，因为一些基因变异虽然偶尔预示着疾病，但并不强烈。引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然”应用thugh。故填thugh。
44．考查情态动词。句意：成人发病的疾病带来了不同的困境——一个合理的立场是，应该由孩子们自己决定，一旦长大，他们是否想要查看自己的基因组信息。后文be为动词原形，结合句意“应该”可知应用情态动词shuld。故填shuld。
45．考查介词。句意：更令人担忧的是，数据将不会保持安全，并且可能在将来的某个时候泄露或以其他方式被滥用。结合句意表示“在某个时候”应用at sme pint。故填at。
46．Dear fellw students,
It’s my hnr t be here t share my pinin abut enjying a happy and healthy life f the vacatin.
As the winter hliday appraches, it’s essential t remember the imprtance f leading a happy and healthy life. Health is the fundatin f all ur endeavrs, and withut it, true happiness cannt be achieved.
T live a jyful life, we must stay psitive and always see the bright side f things. Regular exercise and a balanced diet are als crucial fr maintaining ur well-being. This vacatin is nt nly a perid fr relaxatin, but als an pprtunity t enrich urselves thrugh learning new things.
Let’s make the mst f ur winter hliday by embracing a lifestyle that fsters happiness and gd health.
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一篇发言稿，陈述健康快乐生活的重要性，讲述怎样才能做到健康快乐地生活(乐观、锻炼等)，并提议享受假期快乐生活和充分利用时间学习。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
即将到来：apprach→be arund the crner
努力：endeavr→effrt
乐观的：psitive→ptimistic
充分利用：make the mst f→make full use f
2. 句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：Health is the fundatin f all ur endeavrs, and withut it, true happiness cannt be achieved.
拓展句：Health is the fundatin f all ur endeavrs, withut which true happiness cannt be achieved.
【点睛】【高分句型1】As the winter hliday appraches, it’s essential t remember the imprtance f leading a happy and healthy life.(使用了As引导时间状语从句、it is+adj.+t d…结构、动名词作宾语)
【高分句型2】This vacatin is nt nly a perid fr relaxatin, but als an pprtunity t enrich urselves thrugh learning new things. (使用了nt nly…but als…结构、不定式作后置定语、动名词作宾语)
47．The little by headed back dwn t the ld man’s huse. The dg figurine witnessed the little by’s ending up pening the dr nce mre. Upn seeing the by fr a secnd time, the ld man culdn’t bring his anger under cntrl any lnger. “Haven’t I tld yu I need n magazines at all?” he snapped at the by. “Yes, Sir.” said the little by with an uneasy expressin n his face. “But I think yu will like the dg figurine.” Then he handed it t the ld man. Taking the figurine frm the by’s hands, the lnely sul was s astnished that wrds failed t cnvey his emtins, tears welling up in his eyes. “Thank yu s much!” he said t the by tenderly.
Frm that day n smething changed inside the ld man. The neighbrhd always fund the ld man hanging ut and smiling at everyne. He shwed his precius cllectins t children wh were nw very willing t play with him. He used t cllect figurines in memry f a real live dg which had kept him cmpany fr a lng time befre it died. But nw, he wasn’t drwned in the srrws and lneliness anymre. He had realized the true spirit f life.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，主要讲述卖报童在一天卖报纸的时候，走到了一个破旧的房子前。房子里面住着一个孤僻的老人，邻居们都告诉自己的孩子远离那个房子。但是男孩仍然敲响了房门，老人走了出来，却拒绝了男孩售卖的报纸，同时，小男孩发现老人屋子里有很多小狗雕像。
【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“小男孩扭头朝老人房子走去。”可知，第一段可描写小男孩回到老人房子之后把小狗雕像送给了老人，老人十分惊讶。
②由第二段首句内容“从那天开始，老人内心有东西在改变。”可知，第二段可描写老人的变化以及感悟。
2.续写线索：返回房子——老人生气——送上礼物——老人感动——老人改变——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
控制：cntrl/cntain
表达：cnvey/express
意识到：realise/be aware
情绪类
温柔地：tenderly /gently
惊讶的：astnished /surprised
【点睛】【高分句型1】He shwed his precius cllectins t children wh were nw very willing t play with him.(运用了wh引导的定语从句)
【高分句型2】Taking the figurine frm the by’s hands, the lnely sul was s astnished that wrds failed t cnvey his emtins, tears welling up in his eyes.(运用了现在分词作状语句)