高考特训卷 英语 Word版含答案课下天天练(一)

这是一份高考特训卷 英语 Word版含答案课下天天练(一)，共5页。

阅读(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
[2023·湖北十一校联考]
Ftball: Designing the Beautiful Game
Whether yu are a crazy fan r sideline supprter, visitrs t this exhibitin will enjy discvering the remarkable design stries behind the wrld's beautiful game.
What t expect
The exhibitin explres the stry behind ftball, shwing hw design has been used t push the game t new limits. Take a jurney thrugh ver 500 bjects, films and interviews in sprting perfrmance, equipment develpment and stadium design, and invlve yurself in the stries f clubs and game legends (传奇人物) including Messi, Pelé， Gerge Best and Dieg Maradna.
Held by the Design Museum and the Natinal Ftball Museum in Manchester, the shw reveals the master planning f the wrld's mst significant ftball stadiums, the design innvatin used in tday's equipment, hw the graphic design f team badges (徽章) and psters shapes a club's identity and hw grassrts' effrts are pushing the sprt's cmmercializatin.
Ticket infrmatin
※Online bking is advised but tickets will als be available in the bking ffice. Last entry t the exhibitin is 90 minutes befre the museum clses.
※Adult tickets are charged frm￡ 16 and student tickets frm ￡12. Meanwhile, yu can save 25% n family and grup tickets.
※Present yur exhibitin entry ticket fr 10% ff fd and drink at Lndn Grade Cffee n the grund flr.
1．What can visitrs d at the exhibitin?
A．Design a team badge.
B．Interview master designers.
C．Put n ftball equipment.
D．Learn abut famus ftball players.
2．Hw much shuld a cuple with their 11­year­ld sn pay at least fr admissin?
A．￡ 33. B．￡ 36.
C．￡ 44. D．￡ 48.
3．What will visitrs enjy with the ticket?
A．A special discunt n gds at a cafe.
B．A pht f a significant ftball stadium.
C．A free visit t the Natinal Ftball Museum.
D.An invitatin t a club's sprting perfrmance.
B
[2023·南昌市模拟]A crwd cheered Kunle Adeyanju as he turned ff his mtrbike engine after cmpleting a tiring 41­day trip. The 44­year­ld left Lndn n April 19 and arrived in Nigeria's cmmercial center Lags n Sunday after travelling mre than 8，000 miles acrss 13 cuntries. He started the impressive jurney t raise funds fr Rtary Internatinal t deal with pli (小儿麻痹症) in his native Nigeria.
Accmpanied by a dzen bikers fr the last stretch f the jurney frm the Republic f Benin, Adeyanju was welcmed by supprters in Ikeja, in central Lags. Adeyanju, called “Lin Heart” by fans, wn ppularity amng the public by psting daily pictures with cmments abut his jurney n scial media. At every stp alng the way, he was greeted by enthusiastic supprters.
He did face sme challenges, like the ne in Mali where ne f his wheels brke. “I was standing in the middle f the night, alne in a bush, nt knwing what t d, withut speaking the language，” he said, explaining he had t walk t the nearest village. “Frtunately, the lcals helped me.” Nt all f the challenges he faced were slved smthly. “Mauritania, a cuntry in nrthwest Africa, was ‘terrible’，” he said, after he gt rbbed f hundreds f eurs. “The wrst experience，” he added.
The frmer Shell emplyee self­funded his trip with $20，400 in savings, hping t raise up t $48 millin fr Rtary Internatinal. “I have been suffering frm a lack f sleep lately because I slept nly three t fur hurs per night. But I feel prud because I finished this challenge，” Adeyanju said just after he arrived, wiping the sweat ff his face. Adeyanju added that he is nw planning t have a pssible cycling trip t Ghana r a bike ride t Israel t help raise mre funds. And he has anther dream: t climb Munt Qmlangma.
4．Why did Adeyanju g n the 41­day trip?
A．T challenge himself.
B．T help fight pli.
C．T cnnect with mre peple.
D．T advertise Rtary Internatinal.
5．Hw did Adeyanju becme ppular during the jurney?
A．By using the title “Lin Heart”．
B．By cmmenting n ther bikers' jurneys.
C．By sharing his experiences nline.
D．By shwing his deep lve fr his hmetwn.
6．What happened t Adeyanju in Mauritania?
A．He gt lst in the bush.
B．He met with crime.
C．He failed t understand the lcals.
D．He brke his mtrbike.
7．Which wrds can best describe Adeyanju?
A．Caring and determined.
B．Reliable and enthusiastic.
C．Generus and sensitive.
D．Adventurus and cnfident.
C
[2023·安徽省名校联盟质量检测]We humans ften navigate (导航) using rad signs and GPS. But what abut elephants? Cnnie Allen, a behaviural eclgist at the University f Exeter in the U. K．， said “the elephants navigate ver lng distances using their unbelievable memries”， which makes thers cnsider that an elephant will never frget. But it's als been suggested here and there that maybe lfactin is extremely imprtant fr these lng­distance mvements.
Allen and her clleagues checked that idea by testing African elephants' ability t identify a very special smell: the smell f pee (尿). Yu see, an elephant pees a lt—sme 12 t 15 gallns a day—and that pee can cntain a series f chemical signals.
But first, they needed sme pee. S they headed fr a spt alng Btswana's Bteti River and waited. They waited fr elephants t pee and, within 20 minutes, went and cllected these fresh pee samples. Then they set up cameras n seven paths which the elephants usually walked alng. After bserving the elephants' natural behaviur n the paths, they nticed that the majrity f the elephants checked smells alng the paths—especially elephants travelling alne, which is an indicatin, the researchers said, that smells may serve as signpsts alng the paths.
Next, they placed thse pee samples alng the paths. And they fund that fr at least tw days, passing elephants trained their trunks n the samples, especially samples frm mature adults, which is anther indicatin that smells might be an effective navigatinal signal. Their findings appeared in the jurnal Animal Behaviur.
Based n these results, they hpe cnservatinists might be able t use elephant pee as a decy (诱饵). If we can trick elephants int thinking ther elephants are ging this way, maybe we can redirect them away frm where they are cming int cnflict with humans at the mment.
8．What des the underlined wrd “lfactin” in Paragraph 1 mean?
A The radside signpst.
B．The sense f smell.
C．The lng­term memry.
D．The sense f directin.
9．Hw did researchers get their cnclusins?
A．By ding field research.
B．By analyzing causes and effects.
C．By making cmparisns.
D．By ding labratry experiments.
10．What might be a ptential benefit f the findings accrding t the text?
A．Helping elephants t find ther cmpanins.
B.Inspiring new research directins in elephants.
C.Raising public awareness f elephant prtectin.
D．Making elephants and humans cexist peacefully.
11．Which can be the best title f the text?
A．African elephants shw persnality­based mvements
B．Elephants are brn with excellent ability t navigate
C．African elephants may use pee as a rad sign
D．Elephants have a gd memry fr rads
D
[2023·重庆市高三质量调研抽测]Felix Ruppert and Alexander Badri­Sprwitz at the Max Planck Institute fr Intelligent Systems in Stuttgart, Germany, designed a half­metre­high rbt called Mrti and gave it the ability t teach itself hw t walk, rather than t perfrm a pre­prgrammed step. The fur­legged rbt tk nly an hur t learn hw t walk steadily, rughly the same amunt f time as newbrn hrses need. And it's the first time that a machine learning technique has been s successfully applied t fur­legged rbts.
Mrti is cntrlled by an artificial intelligence (AI) algrithm (算法) that desn't have much infrmatin abut the rbt's legs, such as the exact shape f each element. “The AI, wrking like the central nervus system, gives walking instructins fr Mrti t fllw. It then adjusts them based n readings frm ft sensrs that signal when the rbt falls and lses cntact with the grund. Initially, Mrti falls dwn, but after abut an hur the AI finds the best way t make it walk，” said Ruppert.
Because the AI learns rather than calculating details f each leg's mvement in advance, which can use a lt f energy, Mrti walks using 42 percent less energy than when it first starts at the end f an hur­lng learning prcess. Mrti's prcess cpies the way baby animals learn t mve, as they als find the mst efficient way t use their muscles by trying and initially tripping.
Dhireesha Kudithipudi at The University f Texas at San Antni said that AI rbts can ften learn a specific task very well but can't readjust when the envirnment changes and that Mrti's design, which relies n cntinually adjusting the rbt's mvements, may perfrm better in that regard. Ruppert said he and the team are wrking n adding mre sensrs and range f mtin t Mrti t make it a mre animal­like rbt.
12．What is special abut Mrti?
A．It is pre­prgrammed t walk.
B．It can learn t walk by itself.
C．It is the first fur­legged rbt.
D．It can help teach the newbrns.
13．Which aspect f Mrti is stressed in Paragraph 2?
A．Its bdy structure.
B．Its design cncept.
C．Its learning prcess.
D．Its wrking cnditins.
14．Hw des the AI's learning ability benefit Mrti?
A．By predicting Mrti's leg mvements.
B．By training Mrti's muscles t the best.
C．By lwering Mrti's energy cnsumptin.
D．By strengthening Mrti's bnd with thers.
15．What is Dhireesha Kudithipudi's attitude tward Mrti?
A．Dubtful. B．Cncerned.
C．Subjective. D．Favrable.
第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
[2023·河南省适应性测试]Yu'll prbably be familiar with the Nrth American spelling f the wrd “airplane”. Hwever, if yu've ever been n an internatinal flight leaving the United States and ging t anther English­speaking cuntry like the United Kingdm, yu've prbably nticed that there are a few differences between the American and British spellings f wrds with the same meaning. __1__. The American English spelling is “airplane” while the British English spelling is “aerplane”. S, why des this happen?
Let's lk at the rt f the phenmenn. __2__. “British English has a general tendency t favur spellings and wrds that remind peple f French, but American English, when it has deviated (背离) frm what British English des, ften changes int the directin f seeming less French，” says Lynne Murphy, authr f The Prdigal Tngue: The Lve­Hate Relatinship Between British & American English.
__3__. “Aerplane” is n exceptin. “We're cmfrtable with ‘aer’ in scientific terms, but as planes became mre cmmn things t talk abut, the‘aer’ seemed t fancy，” explains Murphy. “In Scientific American in 1906, there was already a claim that ‘__4__’. Ten years later, ‘airplane’ was adpted by the Natinal Advisry Cmmittee fr Aernautics as their term. It was cnsidered in the United Kingdm, but that suggestin didn't g anywhere.”
There's a gd reasn why wrds that mean the same thing are spelled differently, and why that will cntinue t happen. “__5__， and peple are generally prud f it, s they cntinue t spell differently，” says Murphy.
A．Every cuntry has different culture
B．Yur spelling tells peple where yu're frm
C．The wrd “airplane” happens t be an example
D．Airplane is a much better wrd than aerplane
E．American English and British English have similar histrical rigins
F．There's a lt f histry that ges beynd wrds and dives deep int plitics, gvernment, and science
G．A lt f wrds in the English language are brrwed frm ther languages, like Latin, Greek, and French