河南省湘豫名校2022-2023学年高三下学期2月入学摸底考试英语试卷(含答案)

这是一份河南省湘豫名校2022-2023学年高三下学期2月入学摸底考试英语试卷(含答案)，共23页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，短文填空，短文改错，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。

一、阅读理解
There are s many fun events happening in the City Beautiful. Enjy the sunshine at a market, try an art class r explre the fdie scene. Yu’ll find an nging events sectin fr even mre ideas.
Harbr Nights Primavera
Time: Friday, April 7 6:30 pm—9:30 pm
Price: $69—$99
Place: Lews Prtfin Bay Htel at Universal Orland
A lively event n the Harbr Piazza featuring wines, chef-inspired fd statins and a live band. It’s a truly authentic Italian evening set beside a picturesque harbr that’s perfect fr a date night r a fun night ut with friends.
2023 DIS CON
Time: Saturday, April 15—Sunday, April 16
Price: $55 and up
Place: Disney’s Crnad Springs Resrt
A ne-f-a-kind exp celebrating Disney, Marvel, Pixar, theme parks, and music. On April 17, jin a private after-hurs party at EPCOT. All prceeds（收入）benefit Give Kids The Wrld Village.
Open Huse: OneBeat
Time: Friday, April 28 7:30 pm
Price: Tickets starting at $5 dnatins
Place: Timucua Arts Fundatin Orland
OneBeat brings musicians（ages 19—35）frm arund the wrld t a regin f the USA fr ne mnth each spring and fall t jintly write, prduce, and perfrm riginal music, and develp strategies fr arts-based scial engagement. Feel free t bring a bttle f wine.
Annual Charity Crnhle Turnament
Time: Sunday, May 14 11:00 am
Place: Ace Cafe Orland
Single eliminatin bracket（淘汰等级）style crnhle turnament at Ace Café in Orland, FL featuring a $200 cash prize fr the first place team and a prize t be determined fr the secnd place. All prceeds will be used exclusively（专门地）t supprt families in need. The entry fee is a minimum dnatin f $50 per team.
1．What can yu enjy at Lews Prtfin Bay Htel n April 7?
A. Free wines.B. Live music.C. Big discunts.D. Fd delivery.
2．What makes OneBeat special frm the ther events?
A. It encurages dnatins.
B. It ffers prizes t the winners.
C. It’s designed fr the musicians.
D. It creates new music fr its audiences.
3．Which event is likely t be the mst beneficial t kids?
A. 2023 DIS CON.B. Crnhle Turnament.
C. Open Huse: OneBeat.D. Harbr Nights Primavera.
When hurricanes left a path f destructin in Puert Ric, Pennsylvania Cllege f Technlgy student Natascha G. Santaella felt a variety f painful emtins.
“I spent arund six days stressing and having a very hard time with me having all the luxuries I currently d and my family nt having any,” the Guaynab, Puert Ric, resident said. Santaella said that her hmetwn is withut pwer and water, and peple there are scared f what is t cme.
T reduce her stress, Santaella, wh is studying fr an assciate degree in baking and pastry arts, immersed(沉浸) herself in what she knws best: baking. “It started ut as just baking bread and shipping it t the island t then be dispersed t the peple, but I fund that was very expensive fr me t d alne, s I spke with Chef Charles Niedermyer, ur instructr f baking and pastry arts abut a sale f baked gds in the cllege’s Bush Campus Center.”
“Natascha is a bright energetic yung lady with a big heart,”Niedermyer said. “I was nt surprised t find her in my ffice, lking fr ways t help the peple f Puert Ric.”
T prepare, Santaella had multiple meetings with Niedermyer, spent hurs finalizing recipes, designed signage(标志) and decratins, and gt friends t staff the sale table with her. And then there was the baking: Santaella and tw friends in the baking and pastry arts majr spent six hurs baking 90laves f bread,24 dzen dinner rlls and 30 cheesecakes in a variety f flavrs.
During the six-hur sale, Santaella and her friends raised mre than $1,000 fr United fr PuertRic, an initiative designed t prvide aid and supprt t thse affected in Puert Ric by the passage f Hurricane Irma and Hurricane Maria.
“I hpe t mainly increase awareness f what has happened, and t shw peple that there are Puert Rican students at this schl,” Santaella said. “I hpe that thers had the great experience I had with all my teachers and hw understanding they were with me.”
4．Why did Santaella feel very stressed?
A. Because a big hurricane was appraching.
B. Because she was left withut pwer and water.
C. Because she lst all her belnging s in the hurricane.
D. Because her flks were suffering due t hurricanes.
5．What des the underlined wrd “dispersed” prbably mean in Paragraph 3?
A. Expsed. B. Cnnected. C. Distributed. D. Devted
6．What can we learn frm the text?
A. Puert Ric might be stricken by hurricanes frequently.
B. Niedermyer respnded t Santaella's ideas cldly.
C. Santaella rganized the sale at her cllege all alne.
D. Pennsylvania Cllege has few students frm Puert Ric.
7．Which can be the best title fr the text?
A. Hurricane Causes Hug e Lsses t Puert Ric
B. Student Puts Skills t Use t Help Her Hmetwn
C. Cllege Student Shws Baking Skills Thrugh Sales
D. Teacher and Students Wrk Tgether in Fund Raising
The idea that the standard human bdy temperature is abut 98.6℉ (37℃) was first presented by the German physician Carl Reinhld August Wunderlich in 1851. Since then, it’s becme s widely accepted that it serves as a tuchstne fr health—a diagnstic tl used by physicians and parents as a basic indicatr if smene is sick r well.
Hwever, it turns ut that this well-established fact isn’t, in fact, crrect—r, t put it mre accurately, human beings have been getting cler ver the years.
Recent studies have shwn that temperature recrds f grups f peple have tended t run lw cmpared t the accepted nrm (标准), s the Stanfrd team, led by Julie Parsnnet, MD, prfessr f medicine and f health research and plicy, decided t d a mre in-depth study t cmpare mdern measurements with histrical recrds t try t identify bdy temperature trends and, perhaps, uncver the reasn why this cling is happening.
Fr their research, the Stanfrd team lked at three distinct datasets (数据集) frm three histrical perids. One was military service recrds, medical recrds, and pensin recrds frm Unin Army veterans f the American Civil War that were cmpiled frm 1862 t 1930. The secnd was frm the US Natinal Health and Nutritin Examinatin Survey Ⅰ cllected between 1971 and 1975, and the third frm adult patients visiting Stanfrd Health Care frm 2007 t 2017.
In all, the team went thrugh 677,423 temperature measurements, making sure that temperatures recrded were accurate rather than the result f prly designed thermmeters (温度计). They did this by lking at the change in temperature inside each grup ver time t ensure that the curves (曲线) shwing a decrease were cnsistent between the datasets.
At the end f the day, the team fund that men brn in the 21st century had an average bdy temperature f 0.59℃ lwer than thse brn in the early 19th century, while mdern wmen shwed an average decrease f 0.32℃ cmpared t thse brn in the 1890s. Tgether, this means that human bdy temperatures have fallen by 0.03℃ per decade.
8．What is Wunderlich’s achievement?
A. He was the inventr f the thermmeter.
B. He set up a standard fr nrmal bdy temperature.
C. He discvered humans’ bdy temperature trends.
D. He put frward the thery f nrmal human bdy temperature.
9．Hw did the Stanfrd team get their findings n bdy temperature?
A. By having interviews.B. By cnducting field research.
C. By analyzing histrical recrds.D. By ding experiments in the lab.
10．What culd affect the accuracy f Parsnnet’s study accrding t the text?
A. The quality f thermmeters.
B. The backgrunds f the subjects.
C. The srting f the cllected datasets.
D. The number f adult patients invlved.
11．What can we cnclude frm the last paragraph?
A. Mdern wmen’s bdy temperatures have risen ver the past century.
B. The 19th century saw the greatest increase in men’s bdy temperatures.
C. The 21st century saw the greatest decrease in men’s bdy temperatures.
D. Men’s bdy temperatures have fallen faster than wmen’s ver the years.
A new study shws that when heavy cgnitive (认知的) wrk is lasted fr several hurs, it causes ptentially pisnus materials t build up in the part f the brain knwn as the prefrntal crtex (前额叶). This in turn changes yur cntrl ver decisins, s yu shift tward lw-cst actins requiring n effrt r waiting as cgnitive tiredness sets in.
Influential theries suggested that tiredness is a srt f illusin (错觉) cked up by the brain t make us stp whatever we are ding and turn t a mre pleasing activity but new findings shw that cgnitive wrk results in a true functinal change — accumulatin f pisnus materials — s tiredness wuld indeed be a signal that makes us stp wrking but fr a different aim: t preserve the perfectin f brain functining.
T lk fr evidence f this, researchers mnitred brain chemistry ver the curse f a wrkday. They lked at tw grups f peple: thse wh needed t think hard and thse wh had relatively easier cgnitive tasks.
They saw signs f tiredness nly in the grup ding hard wrk. Thse in that grup als shwed in their chices a shift tward ptins with rewards at shrt delay with little effrt. Critically, they als had higher levels f pisnus materials in the brain. Tgether with earlier evidence, the researchers say it supprts the cncept that pisnus materials accumulatin makes further activatin f the prefrntal crtex mre cstly, such that cgnitive cntrl is mre difficult after a mentally tugh wrkday.
S, is there sme way arund this limitatin f ur brain’s ability t think hard? The answer is negative. But there is gd evidence that pisnus materials disappear in the brain during rest and sleep. The study result may have ther practical uses. Fr example, the researchers say, mnitring f prefrntal metablites (前额代谢物) culd help t detect severe mental tiredness. Such an ability may help adjust wrk plans t avid burnut. They als advise peple t avid making imprtant decisins when they’re tired.
12．What is the purpse f ur tiredness accrding t the new study?
A. T keep ur brains in a gd cnditin.
B. T make us stp whatever we are ding.
C. T frce us t imprve ur abilities t wrk.
D. T change brain chemistry ver the wrkday.
13．What negative influence can tiredness mainly have n us?
A. The lss f ur abilities t wrk.B. The pisning f ur brain tissue.
C. The attitude t ur respnsibilities.D. The difficulty in cgnitive cntrl.
14．Hw did the researchers cnduct their study?
A. By summing up the ld data.B. By cmparing experiment data.
C. By referring t histrical reprts.D. By interviewing many scientists.
15．What d researchers suggest t peple wh are very tired f wrk?
A. They get rund the brain’s limitatins.
B. They shuldn’t wrk ut key decisins.
C. They try t avid sleeping and resting.
D. They have t leave wrk fr a hliday.
二、七选五
16．Hw t Organize a Garage Sale
Have yu been cnsidering the idea f having a garage sale, but aren’t sure if it will be a success? Stay tuned t learn mre abut the tips!
Online Advertising is Key
Abut tw weeks befre yur garage sale, yu’ll want t advertise as much as pssible. ①_______. Advertise yur sale s yu can reach peple wh live in yur neighbrhd and beynd.
Create Lts f Signage
②_______! Be sure t create plenty f large and clrful signs t direct peple t yur garage sale. Purchase a few pster bards, markers, glitter, stencils, and get decrating! Once yu’re dne, hang the signs n select trees and ples in yur neighbrhd. It’s critical that yu clearly mark the date f yur garage sale n every sign.
Create a Fun and Welcming Atmsphere
Music, fd, drinks, games, and mre are fun fr any ccasin. ③_______. When yu create a fun and welcming atmsphere, yu’ll attract mre visitrs. Yu dn’t hst a garage sale every day, s why nt live a little?
④_______
Remember that nt all prices are set in stne. While yu are free t charge whatever yu’d like, keep in mind that peple may try t bargain, and that’s a gd thing. The gal is t sell as much as pssible. When a custmer drives a gd bargain, they put mney in yur pcket and take thse unwanted items ff yur hands!
Team Up With Anther Garage Sale
Cmmunity garage sales are a great way t meet new peple and get rid f unwanted items in yur hme. Accrding t The Spruce, “garage sales advertised as neighbrhd r cmmunity yard sale tend t attract mre custmers.” ⑤_______. Cmmunity garage sales are great in terms f rganizatin, s yu can delegate（授权）certain rles and respnsibilities t thse invlved.
A. Be Willing t Negtiate
B. Make a Fixed Charge
C. Paper advertisement isn’t dead
D. The same ges fr garage sales
E. They chse garage sales when they’re financially difficult
F. The Internet is full f valuable infrmatin and pprtunities
G. That’s because peple knw there will be mre variety at the sale
三、完形填空（20空）
Winnie the Ph was a surce f cmfrt fr me while I was grwing up. Nt nly did he help me get t sleep, he als helped me understand the imprtance f 1 . Little did I then 2 that his wrds wuld prvide mre 3 than I culd ever imagine.
I have spent the past five mnths in islatin (隔离). In that time, I have 4 lss and grief. One f the biggest 5 has been nt being able t see thse clsest t me. This 6 me f the stries that I have read in Winnie the Ph. He tells me that despite 7 we are strnger and braver than we think. Islatin has taught me hw t 8 in the face f adversity (逆境). Time spent with friends has 9 . I find that I am spending much mre time n phne calls and 10 . My friendships have becme much mre 11 , returning t play. Thrugh the children’s stries that I have heard, and my time in islatin, I have learnt the imprtance f 12 . Hmeless children ften talk abut their friends and their need t play t make light f a bad 13 . This prves Ph’s secnd pint: we are 14 than we think.
Winnie the Ph’s wrds have taught me a lt f things. Mst 15 , despite distance, friendship makes us strnger, braver, and smarter. If it weren’t fr the 16 that I have had during islatin I wuldn’t have 17 any f these things. I have 18 the wrds f Winnie the Ph t remind me that despite the distance 19 between me and thse that I lve, I can still carry my friendships 20 .
17．A. knwledgeB. educatinC. technlgyD. friendship
18．A. realizeB. wnderC. dubtD. expect
19．A. chanceB. wealthC. cmfrtD. detail
20．A. witnessedB. recrdedC. avidedD. experienced
21．A. risksB. surprisesC. prjectsD. challenges
22．A. infrmsB. cnvincesC. warnsD. reminds
23．A. weatherB. distanceC. failureD. disagreement
24．A. adaptB. discussC. escapeD. cmmunicate
25．A. wastedB. arrivedC. changedD. bunced
26．A. tripsB. gamesC. trainsD. parties
27．A. abstractB. bviusC. childlikeD. accessible
28．A. playB. wisdmC. timeD. lve
29．A. impressinB. prductC. situatinD. backgrund
30．A. smarterB. prettierC. braverD. greater
31．A. cmmnlyB. certainlyC. recentlyD. imprtantly
32．A. fdB. supprtC. infrmatinD. treatment
33．A. feltB. missedC. delayedD. tuched
34．A. picked upB. put dwnC. thught fD. held nt
35．A. dividedB. placedC. measuredD. shared
36．A. freshB. farawayC. clseD. valuable
四、短文填空
37．The stry f Ni Xialian, the 59-year-ld member f Luxemburg’s natinal sprts team and the ①_________ (ld) Olympic table tennis player in the Chengdu Wrld Table Tennis Champinships cmpetitin, has gne viral n Chinese scial media.
Brn in Shanghai in 1963, Ni Xialian ②_________ (successful) wn several champinships as part f China’s natinal table tennis team. She later mved t Germany and then ③_________ (settle) dwn in Luxemburg in 1991.
“I retired frm China’s natinal team in 1986. Since table tennis was nt listed as an event at the Olympic Games ④_________ 1988, I missed the chance⑤_________ (fight) fr ur cuntry,” Ni said in an interview with Xinmin Evening.
Ni attended the Summer Olympics in Sydney ⑥_________ a representative f Luxemburg in 2000, ⑦_________ (kick) ff her career as an Olympian at the age f 37. She then jined fur mre Olympic Games, including thse in Beijing and Lndn.
Ni said she believes she stands as a symbl n the field fr Chinese everywhere. “I was brn in China and received systematic training in Shanghai, ⑧_________ develped my slid skills and capability f reading games. It’s very imprtant.” Ni tld The Migu Sprts News in the Shanghai dialect. “I just feel ⑨_________ (hnr) t cmpete in the Olympics. Even thugh I dn’t represent Team China anymre, I think that may be mre meaningful because we need the ⑩_________ (cmmunicate) between East and West.”
五、短文改错
38．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Dear Allen,
Hw is everything ging? I’d like t invite yu a music festival t be held the next Sunday mrning in ur schl hall.
The music festival wuld last fur hurs in ttal. It will have many excellent perfrmances, including sme traditinal music pieces playing with Chinese instruments, like pipa, guzheng r erhu. In additin, sme traditinal Chinese dances will be perfrmed by student. What’s mre imprtant is that sme famus Chinese musicians will shw ff t perfrm. Since Chinese music is smething which makes yu crazy, I’m sure yu will have fun if yu can cme.
Lking frward t ur cming and hping we can see yur wnderfully perfrmances.
Yurs,
Li Hua
六、书面表达
39．某中学生英文报近期开展了“保护古树名木共享绿水青山”的主题征文活动，以鼓励人们积极参与对古树的保护。请你以“Why We Need t Prtect Century-ld Trees”为题写一篇英语短文，向该英文报投稿。要求包括以下要点：
1. 古树保护的意义；2. 古树保护面临的问题；3. 你的建议。
注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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参考答案
1．答案： B
解析：细节理解题。根据Harbr Nights Primavera中“A lively event n the Harbr Piazza featuring wines, chef-inspired fd statins and a live band.(海港广场上的一场热闹的活动，以葡萄酒、厨师启发的美食站和现场乐队为特色)”可知，这是一个可以让参与者一边享用美食，一边欣赏乐队现场演奏的活动。故选B。
2．答案： D
解析：细节理解题。根据Open Huse: OneBeat中“OneBeat brings musicians（ages 19—35）frm arund the wrld t a regin f the USA fr ne mnth each spring and fall t jintly write, prduce, and perfrm riginal music, and develp strategies fr arts-based scial engagement.(OneBeat每年春季和秋季都会将来自世界各地的音乐家（19-35岁）带到美国的一个地区，为期一个月，共同创作、制作和表演原创音乐，并制定基于艺术的社会参与策略)”可知，这个活动的参与者主要创作并表演原创音乐。故选D。
3．答案： A
解析：推理判断题。根据2023 DIS CON中“A ne-f-a-kind exp celebrating Disney, Marvel, Pixar, theme parks, and music. On April 17, jin a private after-hurs party at EPCOT. All prceeds（收入）benefit Give Kids The Wrld Village.(这是一个独一无二的博览会，庆祝迪士尼、漫威、皮克斯、主题公园和音乐。4月17日，参加EPCOT的私人下班派对。所有收益将惠及Give Kids The Wrld Villa)”可知，这是一个以庆祝迪士尼公园主题相关的展览，且其活动收入都会捐赠给Give Kids The Wrld Village。由此可推断，这个活动将最受孩子们欢迎。故选A。
4．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。由第一段“When hurricanes left a path f destructin in Puert Ric, Pennsylvania Cllege f Technlgy student Natascha G. Santaella felt a variety f painful emtins. (当飓风在波多黎各造成破坏时，宾夕法尼亚理工学院的学生娜塔莎·G·桑塔拉感受到了各种痛苦的情绪)”和第二段中“Santaella said that her hmetwn is withut pwer and water, and peple there are scared f what is t cme. (Santatella说，她的家乡没有电和水，那里的人们害怕即将发生的事情)”可知，Santaella得知飓风袭击自己的家乡，家人们损失惨重，不能像自己一样在大学里衣食无忧，因此她的内心非常着急。故选C项。
5．答案：C
解析：词句猜测题。由第三段中“It started ut as just baking bread and shipping it t the island t then be dispersed t the peple, but I fund that was very expensive fr me t d alne (一开始只是烤面包，然后运到岛上，然后dispersed给人们，但我发现这对我来说非常昂贵)”可知，Santaella最初认为，只要把面包烘焙好，运送到岛屿上，然后分发给灾民就可以了，dispersed意为“分发（Distributed）”。故选C项。
6．答案：A
解析：推理判断题。由倒数第二段“During the six-hur sale, Santaella and her friends raised mre than $1,000 fr United fr Puert Ric, an initiative designed t prvide aid and supprt t thse affected in Puert Ric by the passage f Hurricane Irma and Hurricane Maria. (在六个小时的销售中，Santaella和她的朋友们为United fr Puert Ric筹集了1000多美元，这是一项旨在为波多黎各受飓风Irma和飓风Maria影响的人提供援助和支持的举措)”可知，波多黎各人们已经受飓风Irma和飓风Maria的影响，可得出波多黎各可能经常遭受飓风袭击。故选A项。
7．答案：B
解析：主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了得知自己的家乡遭受飓风袭击，人们生活无着落时，正在大学校园里学习的Santaella决定利用自己学到的一技之长，来帮助被飓风袭击的家乡的故事，B项“学生运用技能帮助家乡”符合此意。故选B项。
8．答案： B
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段“The idea that the standard human bdy temperature is abut 98.6℉（37℃）was first presented by the German physician Carl Reinhld August Wunderlich in 1851. Since then, it’s becme s widely accepted that it serves as a tuchstne fr health—a diagnstic tl used by physicians and parents as a basic indicatr if smene is sick r well. (1851年，德国医生Carl Reinhld August Wunderlich首先提出了人体标准温度约为华氏98.6度(37℃)的观点。从那时起，它被广泛接受，成为健康的试金石——医生和家长使用的诊断工具，作为一个人生病或健康的基本指标。)”可知，Wunderlich确立了现代人类健康体温的标准为37摄氏度。故选B。
9．答案： C
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段“Fr their research, the Stanfrd team lked at three distinct datasets (数据集) frm three histrical perids. (在他们的研究中，斯坦福大学的研究小组研究了来自三个历史时期的三个不同的数据集。)”可知，这个研究小组主要是靠搜集并分析过去三个历史时期的群体体温数据集来进行相关研究的。故选C。
10．答案： A
解析：推理判断题。根据第五段“In all, the team went thrugh 677,423 temperature measurements, making sure that temperatures recrded were accurate rather than the result f prly designed thermmeters (温度计). (该团队总共进行了677,423次温度测量，以确保记录的温度是准确的，而不是设计不良的温度计的结果。)”可知，体温监测时所使用的体温计的质量可能会影响到团队的研究结果。故选A。
11．答案： D
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段“At the end f the day, the team fund that men brn in the 21st century had an average bdy temperature f 0.59℃ lwer than thse brn in the early 19th century, while mdern wmen shwed an average decrease f 0.32℃ cmpared t thse brn in the 1890s. Tgether, this means that human bdy temperatures have fallen by 0.03℃ per decade. (最后，研究小组发现，21世纪出生的男性的平均体温比19世纪初出生的男性低0.59℃，而现代女性的平均体温比19世纪90年代出生的女性低0.32℃。加起来，这意味着人类体温每十年下降0.03℃。)”可知，研究表明，在过去的一个多世纪中，男子体温降低要比女子的体温降低幅度大。故选D。
12．答案： A
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“new findings shw that cgnitive wrk results in a true functinal change — accumulatin f pisnus materials — s tiredness wuld indeed be a signal that makes us stp wrking but fr a different aim: t preserve the perfectin f brain functining.”（新的发现表明，认知工作导致了真正的功能变化——有毒物质的积累——所以疲劳确实是一个信号，让我们停止工作，但为了另一个目的：保持大脑功能的完美。）可知，疲劳的目的是要保持大脑功能的完整性，使其处于一个好的状态。故选A项。
13．答案： D
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段“Tgether with earlier evidence, the researchers say it supprts the cncept that pisnus materials accumulatin makes further activatin f the prefrntal crtex mre cstly, such that cgnitive cntrl is mre difficult after a mentally tugh wrkday.”（结合早期的证据，研究人员说，它支持了这样一个概念，即有毒物质的积累使前额叶皮层进一步激活的成本更高，因此在精神紧张的工作日之后，认知控制变得更加困难。）可知，疲劳会使人的认知控制更加困难。故选D项。
14．答案： B
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中“They lked at tw grups f peple: thse wh needed t think hard and thse wh had relatively easier cgnitive tasks.”（他们研究了两组人：一组需要努力思考，另一组需要相对简单的认知任务。）可知，研究人员是通过对比实验数据得出结论的。故选B项。
15．答案： B
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段“They als advise peple t avid making imprtant decisins when they’re tired.”（他们还建议人们不要在疲劳的时候做重要的决定。）可知，研究人员建议人们在疲劳的时候不要做重要的决定。故选B项。
16．答案：①-⑤FCDAG
解析：①大标题“Online Advertising is Key(网络广告是关键)”说明本段所给建议是在网上做广告。上文“Abut tw weeks befre yur garage sale, yu’ll want t advertise as much as pssible. (在你的车库大拍卖前两周左右，你会想尽可能多地做广告)”说明在拍卖之前要尽可能多的做广告。F项中的The Internet和大标题中的nline相呼应，而且给出为什么要在晚上做广告的原因。F项“互联网充满了宝贵的信息和机遇”符合语境。故选F。
②下文“Be sure t create plenty f large and clrful signs t direct peple t yur garage sale. Purchase a few pster bards, markers, glitter, stencils, and get decrating! (一定要制作大量的大而多彩的标志，引导人们去你的车库销售。购买一些海报板，标记，闪光，模板，并得到装饰！)”说明如何制作多彩的纸质广告。C项“纸质广告还没死”符合语境。文中的“pster bards, markers, glitter, stencils”和C项中的Paper advertisement相呼应。故选C。
③上文“Music, fd, drinks, games, and mre are fun fr any ccasin. (音乐、食物、饮料、游戏等等在任何场合都很有趣)”说明要在销售中加入音乐、食物、饮料、游戏等元素。空处承上启下，说明这些元素同样也适合车库旧物甩卖，引出下文加入这些元素后带来的好处，也就是有趣和热情的氛围会吸引更多的游客。D项“车库销售也是如此”符合语境。故选D。
④下文“Remember that nt all prices are set in stne. While yu are free t charge whatever yu’d like, keep in mind that peple may try t bargain, and that’s a gd thing.(请记住，并不是所有的价格都是一成不变的。虽然你可以随心所欲地收费，但请记住，人们可能会试图讨价还价，这是一件好事)”说明本段所给建议为和顾客进行必要的讨价还价。A项中的Negtiate和下文中的drives a gd bargain相呼应，说明要愿意去接受客人的讨价还价和进一步的协商。故选A。
⑤上文“Accrding t The Spruce, “garage sales advertised as neighbrhd r cmmunity yard sale tend t attract mre custmers.” (据The Spruce报道，“以社区或社区庭院销售为广告的车库销售往往会吸引更多的顾客。”)”说明车库旧物销售能吸引更多的顾客。此处对前文进一步解释说明。G项中的That指代“社区的车库旧物销售能吸引更多的顾客”这件事，说明那是因为人们都知道这里有更多的旧物可供挑选。故选G。
17．答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他不仅帮我入睡，还帮我明白了友谊的重要性。A. knwledge知识；B. educatin教育；C. technlgy科技；D. friendship友谊。根据下文可知，小熊维尼让作者对友谊有了更深刻的认识，懂得了友谊的重要性。故选D项。
18．答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：当时我一点也没有意识到，他的话会给我带来比我想象中更多的安慰。A. realize意识到；B. wnder想知道；C. dubt怀疑；D. expect期待。选A项。
19．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：当时我一点也没有意识到，他的话会给我带来比我想象中更多的安慰。A. chance机会；B. wealth财富；C. cmfrt舒适；D. detail细节。根据上文“Winnie the Ph was a surce f cmfrt fr me while I was grwing up”和句中“prvide mre”可推知，现在作者发现小熊维尼能带给自己的更多的安慰。故选C项。
20．答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那段时间里，我经历了失去和悲伤。A. witnessed目睹；B. recrded记录；C. avided避免；D. experienced经历。根据上文“in islatin (隔离)”和句中“lss and grief”可推知，失去和悲伤是作者隔离期间经历的事情。故选D项。
21．答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：最大的挑战之一就是看不到我最亲近的人。A. risks风险；B. surprises惊喜；C. prjects项目；D. challenges挑战。根据句中“nt being able t see thse clsest t me”可知，这是作者在隔离期间面临的挑战。故选D项。
22．答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：这让我想起了我在《小熊维尼》里读过的故事。A. infrms通知；B. cnvinces说服；C. warns警告；D. reminds提醒。根据句中“the stries that I have read”可知，这让作者想起了曾经发生的事情；“使某人回想起”。故选D项。
23．答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他告诉我，尽管距离遥远，但我们比自己想象的更强大、更勇敢。A. weather天气；B. distance距离；C. failure失败；D. disagreement分歧。根据上文“nt being able t see thse clsest t me”和下文“Mst 15 , despite distance, friendship makes us strnger, braver, and smarter.”可知，作者在隔离中，无法靠近与亲近的人，但小熊维尼让他知道，尽管距离遥远，但自己比想象中更强大。故选B项。
24．答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：隔离教会了我如何在逆境中适应。A. adapt适应；B. discuss讨论；C. escape逃脱；D. cmmunicate交流。根据下文可知，在隔离期间，让作者改变了和朋友交流的方式，适应了新的形势。故选A项。
25．答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：和朋友在一起的时间变了。A. wasted浪费；B. arrived到达；C. changed改变；D. bunced弹起。根据下文可知，在隔离期间，作者和朋友在一起打发时间的方式变了，变成了打电话和玩游戏。故选C项。
26．答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我发现我花在打电话和玩游戏上的时间更多了。A. trips旅行；B. games游戏；C. trains火车；D. parties聚会。根据下文可知，作者的朋友玩游戏。故选B项。
27．答案：C
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的友谊变得更加孩子气，回到了玩耍中。A. abstract抽象的；B. bvius明显的；C. childlike孩子般的；D. accessible易接近的。根据句中“returning t play”可知，在隔离期间，作者和朋友开始一起打游戏，所以显得孩子气。故选C项。
28．答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过我听过的孩子们的故事，以及我被隔离的时间，我明白了玩耍的重要性。A. play玩耍；B. wisdm智慧；C. time时间；D. lve爱。结合下文可推知，作者意识到了玩耍的作用和重要性。故选A项。
29．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：无家可归的孩子经常谈论他们的朋友和他们需要玩耍来缓解糟糕的情况。A. impressin印象；B. prduct产品；C. situatin情况；D. backgrund背景。根据句中“Hmeless children”要推知，无家可归的孩子处于糟糕的景况之中，所以需要玩耍来缓解。故选C项。
30．答案：A
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这证明了维尼的第二点：我们比自己想象的要聪明。A. smarter更聪明的；B. prettier更漂亮的；C. braver更勇敢的；D. greater更大的。根据上文可知，无家可归的孩子和朋友玩耍来缓解糟糕的情况，由此推知，我们其实比自己想象的要聪明。故选A项。
31．答案：D
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：最重要的是，尽管距离遥远，友谊使我们更强大，更勇敢，更聪明。A. cmmnly通常地；B. certainly当然地；C. recently最近地；D. imprtantly重要地。根据上文“Ph’s wrds have taught me a lt f things”和句中“friendship makes us strnger, braver, and smarter”可知，关于友谊的认识是更重要的事情。故选D项。
32．答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果不是我在隔离期间得到的支持，我不会感受到任何这些事情。A. fd食物；B. supprt支持；C. infrmatin信息；D. treatment治疗。根据上文可知，作者是隔离期间通过打电话和玩游戏与朋友交流，得到了支持与帮助。故选B项。
33．答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果不是我在隔离期间得到的支持，我不会感受到任何这些事情。A. felt感受到；B. missed错过；C. delayed延迟；D. tuched感动。上文是作者在隔离期间得到的感受。故选A项。
34．答案：D
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：我记住了小熊维尼的话，它提醒我，尽管我和我爱的人之间有距离，但我仍然可以让友谊离自己很近。A. picked up捡起；B. put dwn放下；C. thught f想到；D. held nt抓住不放。根据上文可知，作者认为小熊维尼的话让自己懂得了很多，所以他会将其“抓住不放”，记在心里。故选D项。
35．答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我记住了小熊维尼的话，它提醒我，尽管我和我爱的人之间有距离，但我仍然可以让友谊离自己很近。A. divided分开；B. placed放置；C. measured测量；D. shared分享。根据上文和句中“between me and thse that I lve”可知，作者因为隔离，所以和爱的人之间有距离，即“距离放置在我和我爱的人之间”。故选B项。
36．答案：C
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我记住了小熊维尼的话，它提醒我，尽管我和我爱的人之间有距离，但我仍然可以让友谊离自己很近。A. fresh新鲜的；B. faraway遥远的；C. clse靠近的；D. valuable宝贵的。根据上文可知，虽然在隔离中，作者无法靠近与亲近的人，但他仍然通过电话和游戏的方式和朋友在一起，让友谊离自己很近。故选C项。
37．答案：①ldest/eldest②successfully③settled④until/till⑤t fight⑥as⑦kicking⑧which⑨hnred⑩cmmunicatin
解析：①考查形容词最高级。句意：59岁的卢森堡国家运动队队员、成都世乒赛年龄最大的奥运乒乓球运动员倪夏莲的故事在中国社交媒体上疯传。根据前面的定冠词the可知，此处指倪夏莲是成都世界乒乓锦标赛参赛者中年纪最大的，用形容词ld的最高级形式ldest/eldest作定语，修饰名词短语Olympic table tennis player。故填ldest/eldest。
②考查副词。句意：倪夏莲1963年出生于上海，作为中国国家乒乓球队的一员，她成功地赢得了多个冠军。修饰动词wn，应用副词successfully作状语。故填successfully。
③考查时态。句意：她后来搬到德国，1991年在卢森堡定居。根据前面的and可知，谓语动词短语settle dwn时态应与并列谓语mved一致，用一般过去时。故填settled。
④考查介词。句意：由于乒乓球直到1988年才被列入奥运会项目，我错过了为国家而战的机会，”倪夏莲在接受《新民晚报》采访时说。结合句意，介词until/till (直到)符合。故填until/till。
⑤考查不定式。句意：由于乒乓球直到1988年才被列入奥运会项目，我错过了为国家而战的机会，”倪夏莲在接受《新民晚报》采访时说。fight用动词不定式形式作后置定语，修饰名词chance。故填t fight。
⑥考查介词。句意：2000年，倪夏莲作为卢森堡代表参加了悉尼夏季奥运会，37岁时开始了她的奥运生涯。结合句意，用介词as意为“作为”。故填as。
⑦考查现在分词。句意：2000年，倪夏莲作为卢森堡代表参加了悉尼夏季奥运会，37岁时开始了她的奥运生涯。逻辑主语Ni和非谓语动词短语kick ff (开始)是主动关系，kick ff用现在分词作伴随状语。故填kicking。
⑧考查定语从句关系词。句意：我出生在中国，在上海接受了系统的训练，这培养了我阅读比赛的扎实技能和能力。该空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是在上海接受系统训练这件事，关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语，用关系代词which。故填which。
⑨考查形容词。句意：我很荣幸能参加奥运会。形容词hnred作表语，feel hnred意为“感到荣幸”。故填hnred。
⑩考查名词。句意：尽管我不再代表中国队参赛，但我认为这可能更有意义，因为我们需要东西方之间的沟通。根据前面的冠词the，可知此处用名词cmmunicatin作宾语。故填cmmunicatin。
38．答案：
Dear Allen,
Hw is everything ging? I’d like t invite yu a music festival t be held next Sunday mrning in ur schl hall.
The music festival last fur hurs in ttal. It will have many excellent perfrmances, including sme traditinal music pieces with Chinese instruments, like pipa, guzheng erhu. In additin, sme traditinal Chinese dances will be perfrmed by . What’s mre imprtant is that sme famus Chinese musicians will shw t perfrm. Since Chinese music is smething makes yu crazy, I’m sure yu will have fun if yu can cme.
Lking frward t cming and hping we can see yur perfrmances.
Yurs,
Li Hua
解析：1.考查介词。句意：我想邀请你参加下周日早上在我们学校大厅举办的音乐节。invite sb.t sth表示“邀请某人参加……”，所以应在a前加上介词t。故在a前加上t。
2.考查冠词。句意：我想邀请你参加下周日早上在我们学校大厅举办的音乐节。the next Sunday mrning表示“第二个星期天早上”，next Sunday mrning 表示“下星期天早上”，根据下文“It will have many excellent perfrmances...(将会有很多好看的表演……)”可知，这里指的是下星期天，所以应用next Sunday mrning。故删除the。
3.考查时态。句意：音乐节总共持续4个小时。根据下文“It will have many excellent perfrmances...(将会有很多好看的表演……)”可知，本句应用一般将来时，所以应用will。故将wuld改为will。
4.考查非谓语动词。句意：将会有很多好看的表演，包括一些由中国乐器如琵琶，古筝，还有二胡演奏的传统的曲子。分析句子结构可知，sme traditinal music pieces与play的关系应该为被动，所以应用过去分词played。故将playing改为played。
5.考查连词。句意：将会有很多好看的表演，包括一些由中国乐器如琵琶，古筝，还有二胡演奏的传统的曲子。根据语法规则，r表示“或者”一般用于否定句和疑问句中，而肯定句中表示并列关系时用and，本句为肯定句且表示“和，还有”，所以应用and。故将r改为and。
6.考查名词。句意：另外，学生们会表演一些中国的传统舞蹈。根据句意可知，这里是很多学生表演，所以应用名词的复数形式students表示很多学生。故将student改为students。
7.考查动词短语。句意：更重要的是，一些中国著名的音乐家会来表演。shw ff表示“炫耀”，shw up表示“出现，露面”，shw up t perfrm表示“来表演”，所以应用shw up。故将ff改为up。
8.考查定语从句。句意：因为中国音乐会让你疯狂，我确信如果你来你会玩的很开心。分析句子结构可知，不定代词smething为先行词，且关系词在从句中充当主语，所以应用that。故将which改为that。
9.考查代词。句意：盼望着你的到来，并希望我们能看到你精彩的表演。根据上文“I’d like t invite yu a music festival t be held the next Sunday mrning in ur schl hall.(我想邀请你参加下周日早上在我们学校大厅举办的音乐节)”可知，作者邀请艾伦来参加音乐节，所以应是盼望着艾伦的到来（你的到来），所以应用yur/yu。故将ur改为yur/yu。
10.考查形容词。句意：盼望着你的到来，并希望我们能看到你精彩的表演。分析句子结构可知，应用形容词来修饰名词perfrmances，所以应用wnderful。故将wnderfully改为wnderful。
39．答案：
Why We Need t Prtect Century-ld Trees
The ld trees, which can be seen as “living treasures”, have witnessed ur city’s develpment. They have played a key rle in imprving ur envirnment. In a sense, keeping thse century-ld trees alive and healthy is ur duty t prtect and carry frward ur city’s histry.
Hwever, in recent years, mst f the ld trees have becme endangered, due t envirnmental changes, natural disasters, and human destructin. It’s really a pity t see these ld trees disappear frm ur view ne after anther.
In my pinin, firstly, it is high time t pass sme laws in rder t prtect the ld trees frm destructin and appeal t every citizen t play a part in this wrthy cause. Secndly, ur city must make a list f ld trees, including the rare tree species, and thus bring them int fcus. As lng as the ld trees begin t attract attentin, it will make a great difference t the situatin.
解析：1.词汇积累
被看作：be seen as→be regarded as
由于：due t→because f
在我看来：in my pinin→as far as I’m cncerned
呼吁：appeal t→call n
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：In my pinin, firstly, it is high time t pass sme laws in rder t prtect the ld trees frm destructin and appeal t every citizen t play a part in this wrthy cause.
拓展句：In my pinin, firstly, it is high time t pass sme laws s that we can prtect the ld trees frm destructin and appeal t every citizen t play a part in this wrthy cause.
【点睛】【高分句型1】The ld trees, which can be seen as “living treasures”, have witnessed ur city’s develpment.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】As lng as the ld trees begin t attract attentin, it will make a great difference t the situatin.（运用了as lng as引导的条件状语从句）