北京市昌平区2023-2024学年高二上学期1月期末英语试题

这是一份北京市昌平区2023-2024学年高二上学期1月期末英语试题，共9页。试卷主要包含了5分，共15分)， clurful， is decrated， cleaner， t reduce， In， which等内容，欢迎下载使用。

本试卷共8页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分、知识运用 (共两节，30分)
第一节： 完形填空 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I still remember the day when I came hme frm wrk at tw ’clck ne afternn. Imagine my 1 when I heard my daughter Megan and her friend Jann laughing in the huse since it was the right time fr class. They finally 2 that they came hme fr lunch and never returned t schl. But they said they had frgtten t lk at the clck.
I tld Jann t g hme because I needed t speak t Megan 3 . When Jann left，I 4 myself and managed t ask Megan very quietly，“Yu frgt t lk at the clck?” Megan lwered her head and said，“Well, we were just experimenting t see what it wuld feel like nt t g back t schl.” Fr the mment I was getting angry. I cnsidered 5 her, but instead I said，“I’m very upset by all this. When yu’re suppsed t be in schl，that’s 6 I expect yu t be. Nw I’m prbably ging t get a phne call frm yur teacher.” Megan said, “ Write me an absence nte, say I was sick and then yu wn’t get a call.” I said，“Megan，the nte has t cme frm yu and it has t be the 7 .”
Well，she wasn’t very 8 abut that，but she did write a nte saying she was just “experimenting” and that she wuldn’t d it again.
Althugh the teacher gave her a 9 time ver the nte, I still felt I did the right thing. I knew I had helped Megan face up t what she did and take 10 .
第二节： 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面3段短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A
I was nt a willing student. Befre Mr Jenkins taught me, science 11 (be) a subject full f strange wrds t me. I had n idea what hydrgen was, and I didn’t really want t knw, either! I fund it all s bring and difficult, 12 Mr Jenkins made everything interesting. He used t explain things which seemed difficult with lts f practical 13 (example) and in simple language. One day, he tk us utside, and we built a rcket!
B
14 (lcate) in the nrtheast f the Tibetan Highland, Qinghai Lake is usually N. 1 n “Mst Beautiful Lakes in China” list. It has very different scenery in different seasns. In spring, the surrunding muntains and wetlands take n a fresh green lk with 15 (clur) flwers and white snw. In summer and autumn, the lake 16 (decrate) with glden clthing, as thusands f hectares (公顷) f rape flwers spread ut frm Qinghai Lake’s shres. In winter, snw and ice cver the surface f the lake, and the lake becmes quiet.
C
Can a sixth extinctin be avided? Experts say that it is nt yet t late if we take actin nw. This wuld mean we have t change the way we live, change hw we wrk and travel by using 17 (clean), mre natural surces f energy. We als need t imprve ur farming methds 18 (reduce) water, air and land pllutin. 19 shrt, if we want t survive, we need t stp destrying the planet n 20 we live and start t prtect it.
第二部分、 阅读理解 (共两节，38分)
第一节 （共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Are yu passinate abut Academic Essay Writing? D yu want t share yur knwledge f Academic Essay Writing with thers? Then cme jin us as an nline Academic Essay Writing teacher and help students wh are eager t learn.
Lessnpal was brn as a Silicn Valley startup. We believe in delivering high-quality and affrdable lessns t all ur students, and we’d lve yu t jin us!
What’s in it fr yu?
It’s yu wh decide hw much yu get paid. Yu set yur wn rates fr yur lessns. If yur rates are attractive t students, yu’ll get lessns. It’s all in yur hands.
All lessns are taught nline and are easily accessible t everyne. We’re in the digital age nw!
Yu have cmplete cntrl f when and hw much yu teach. Yu cntrl yur schedule, availability, and hw many students yu teach.
Yu keep the majrity f yur earnings! Cmpared t ther platfrms, Lessnpal teachers keep mre f their %!
Jb respnsibilities
Deliver nline Academic Essay Writing lessns t students f all ages (yu chse what age grups yu want t wrk with).
Respnd t questins and messages frm current and ptential students.
Wrk with yur students t schedule lessns efficiently.
Actively cmmunicate with Lessnpal supprt abut any questins.
Jb requirements
Knwledge f Academic Essay Writing
Strng cmmunicatin skills
Stable internet cnnectin
Prficiency (熟练) in using nline meeting platfrms
Ready t get started? Click here t sign up.
What is available fr the applicants?
Deciding the class size.
Keeping all the earnings.
Getting prmted at wrk.
Receiving high-quality training.
The applicants are required t _________.
fllw Lessnpal’s teaching schedule
be gd at rganizing meetings
deliver nline writing lessns
have teaching experience
Where is the passage prbably frm?
A. A science reprt. B. A website.
C. A strybk. D. A brchure.
B
Running with Heart
My name was missing frm the list. All my friends had made the cheer-leading team. But smehw my name was nt there. I felt lst and embarrassed. Knwing that next year wuld bring a new rund f try-uts, I began practicing rutines n my wn, hping t becme a cheerleader the next year. But my dad suggested that I get invlved in running track — just t try it ut fr a year. I had always been the fastest kid t run a mile in gym class, s I figured that I might as well sign up fr running fr just ne seasn.
I had n idea what I was getting myself int. In the first race n the track team, I tk the last place. Race after race, I cntinued t place last and I felt my lungs burning frm the effrt. I wanted t quit, feeling like a failure. But my dad reminded me that nce yu are cmmitted t smething, yu shuld always fllw thrugh. S I finished my first track seasn, placing last in every race.
The next year came. Althugh running was nt a ppular activity, like cheer-leading was at ur schl, I signed up again t run the lng-distance races. I wanted t challenge myself. Within ne year, I became the fastest female crss-cuntry runner n ur schl’s team. A few years later, I placed 3rd in the Ohi State meet. Nt nly that, but I was ffered an athletic schlarship fr cllege.
Classmates may have laughed at me fr chsing running ver cheer-leading, but I didn’t care. I wasn’t running track t be cl r t prve anything t anyne else. Running made me prud f wh I was. When I chse t be a runner, I chse t be true t myself. We all make that chice every day — we can be wh we were brn t be r we can simply fllw the crwd. Fr me, I am happiest t me.
After failing t make the cheer-leading team, the authr ________.
wanted t quit
blamed her father
turned t her friends
cntinued t practice
The authr managed t finish her first track seasn mainly because she ________.
wanted t prve herself
was inspired by her father
gt an athletic schlarship
perfrmed well in the races
Which f the fllwing wrds can best describe the authr?
Cnfident and hnest.
Creative and ambitius.
Generus and cmmitted.
Hardwrking and determined.
In the passage, the authr mainly wants t shw that we shuld ________.
A. fllw thers’ pinins
B. try ut fr ppular activities
C. appreciate wh we really are
D. help thse wh are in truble
C
We ften take sleep fr granted, but nt getting enugh shut-eye can increase ur risk fr many serius health issues such as pr mental health, heart prblems r even early death.
The ideal bedrm temperature fr peple t fall asleep is relatively cld — between 17 t 20 ℃. A drp in ur cre bdy temperature is essential fr us falling and staying asleep because it stimulates sleepiness.
Obradvich and his clleagues fund unusually warm temperatures had the largest effect n peple’s bedtime duratin by delaying falling asleep. Shrt sleep duratins were the wrst during the summertime and amng the elderly, prbably because they have mre difficulty regulating their bdy temperature. The team als fund warmer lcatins experienced the mst sleep lss, suggesting peple’s bdies haven’t adapted t their gegraphic lcatin. Lwer incme cuntries are als heavily affected, which Obradvich suppses culd be because f a lack f air-cnditining. But he plans t investigate further. Data shw glbal warming als will have the biggest sleep lss in the Middle East, sutheast Asia and Australia. By the end f the 21st century, peple in the warmest regins are expected t lse anther three nights f sleep per year due t higher nighttime temperatures.
Obradvich said his team’s findings culd help cmmunities r plicymakers better imprve the sleep envirnment fr peple, such as helping t cl bedrms mre effectively. On an individual level, Rbbins, a physician at Harvard Medical Schl, said peple als need t practice generally gd sleep behavir. Fr instance, reducing screen time 15 t 20 minutes befre falling asleep as the blue lights frm cellphnes r cmputers can wrk like the sun and thrw ff ur bdy clck. She suggested meditatin (冥想) befre bed can significantly help peple relax, making it easier fr peple t fall asleep.
“There’s still belief that ‘I’ll sleep when I’m dead’ kind f attitude twards sleep,” Rbbins said. “There’s s much wrk t be dne t imprve ur cllective view f sleep.”
What is the main idea f the passage?
Temperature affects sleep duratin.
Glbal warming imprves sleep quality.
Sleep lss leads t serius health prblems.
Sleep quality influences attitude twards life.
Frm Paragraph 3, we can knw that __________.
thse in the warmer regins can well adapt t the temperature
the elderly suffer frm sleep lss due t their sickness
it is harder t fall asleep in warmer temperature
unusual warmth cntributes t earlier wake-up
What des Rbbins intend t tell us in the last paragraph?
Peple shuld pay mre attentin t sleep.
Peple have different attitudes twards sleep.
Scientists will slve the prblem f sleep lss.
Scientists shuld help t imprve humans’ sleep quality.
D
It’s lgical fr humans t feel anxius abut artificial intelligence. After all, the news is cnstantly listing jb after jb where the technlgy seems t utperfrm us. But humans aren’t yet headed fr all-ut replacement. And if yu d suffer frm s-called AI anxiety, there are ways t alleviate yur fears and even change them int a mtivating frce fr gd. Here’s hw sme psychlgists and ther experts suggest handling ur AI fears.
First ff, cntext is key, says Sanae Okamt, a psychlgist and behaviral scientist in the Netherlands. She suggests keeping in mind that the present mment is far frm the first time peple have feared the rise f an unfamiliar technlgy. “Cmputer anxiety” dates back decades, Okamt ntes. Befre that, there was wrry ver industrial autmatin. Past technlgical advances have led t big scial and ecnmic shifts. Sme fears became reality, and sme jbs did disappear, but many f the wrst science fictin predictins did nt cme true.
Facing fears f AI by actually trying ut the tls, seeing where and hw they can be useful, reading up n hw they wrk and understanding their limitatins can turn the tech frm a mnster int a ptential helper, says Jerri Lynn Hgg, a media psychlgist. A deeper understanding can empwer smene t advcate fr meaningful jb prtectins r plicies that hld back ptential prblems.
Mary Alvrd, a practicing psychlgist, als stresses the imprtance f addressing the prblem directly. “We talk abut what actins yu can take instead f sticking yur head in the sand,” she says. Maybe that means gaining new skills t prepare fr a career change r learning abut nging effrts t cntrl AI. Or maybe it means building a unin with clleagues at wrk, which is imprtant t help peple feel mre secure and hpeful abut the future.
Perhaps the better respnse is t use ur AI anxiety t push us frward. Mastering a craft—be it drawing, writing, prgramming r translating — and using that skill t create smething new is “the mst rewarding thing that we can pssibly d.” says Sean Kelly, a Harvard University philsphy prfessr. S why nt let AI mtivate mre creatin instead f replacing it? If the technlgy prduces smething interesting, we can build n it. And if it desn’t, then why wrry abut it at all?
31.What des the wrd “alleviate” underlined in Paragraph 1 mst prbably mean?
A. Analyze. B. Relieve. C. Understand. D. Frget.
32.The authr mentins “cmputer anxiety” in Paragraph 2 t ____________.
make a cmparisn B. intrduce a tpic
C. evaluate a statement D. give an example
33. What can we learn frm the passage?
AI fears will hld back the technlgical advance.
Plicy makers may cntrl the develpment f AI.
AI will lead t severe cmpetitin amng clleagues.
Humans may becme mre creative when mtivated by AI.
Regarding Sean Kelly’s pinin, the authr is ____________.
uncncerned B. puzzled C. supprtive D. dubtful
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Scial media des have its shrtcmings, and ne f thse is that it can ften seem like everybdy is living and winning big — except yu.
35 But the reality is that these peple g thrugh struggles just like everybdy else. Nbdy’s life is perfect all the time. We all g thrugh life’s hardships, failure, and pain. Picture perfect mments d exist, but they exist amngst the real-life terrible mments. 36
Smene culd have +1000 likes n their pictures r a millin views n their vides and still be unhappy. 37 There are peple with nly 10 likes but having plenty f friends, and peple with +1000 likes that are lnely, depressed, in fed up relatinships and have n real friends.
There are cuples that appear happy n scial media but behind thse phts, they suffer a lt in relatinships. 38 Things aren’t always what they appear t be.
Yu dn’t knw what sme peple g thrugh t cme ut with the fantastic pictures yu envy. The real key players mstly perate behind the scenes but make the mst happen. They may lk like nbdy but they are building their kingdms while thers are getting high n likes and attentin. Success is nt what is presented n scial media. 39
Be yurself and never give up n yurself. Dn’t cmpare yurself t thers. The real champins f scial media are thse wh add value t thers, nt the nes wh shw their lifestyle t impress thers.
Thse nes dn’t get dcumented.
Sme even think it’s a cmplete shw-ff.
Being ppular n scial media is nt everything.
Self-wrth is determined by the number f likes ne gets.
There are cuples wh pst nthing but are in lving relatinship.
It takes tears, sleepless nights, and lads f failure t make it in life.
Yu are always flded with strangers’ images that shw the life yu lng fr.
第三部分、 书面表达（共两节，32分)
第一节： 阅读表达（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分， 共12分）。
阅读下面短文，根据文章内容及题目要求回答问题。
A new study fund that light pllutin is making the night sky brighter and the stars dimmer. Man-made lighting is the main cause, making the night sky abut 10 percent brighter each year.
The result was a much faster rate f change than scientists had estimated. The research team gave an example t explain the result. If a child is brn where 250 stars can be seen n a clear night, by the time that child turns 18, nly 100 stars will be seen.
The researchers said they had hped t see imprvements in light pllutin in recent years, because many urban centers have changed their lighting t be mre energy-efficient. Twns and cities are replacing lder streetlights with mdern LEDS that are mre carefully directed dwnwards, where the light is useful.
The hpe was that if the light was better directed, the situatin wuld get better. But there are many types f lighting — streetlights, decrative, advertising. S, with all these things cmbined — and pssibly mre lighting verall, we are making sky brightness wrse. The relatively lw cst f LED lighting is als cntributing t the prblem, that is, the cheaper and better the lighting, the higher sciety’s addictin t light.
Cnsequently, light pllutin leads t a lss f universal human experience, a surce f inspiratin fr art, science, literature. It als affects the rutine f human as well as ther frms f life. Migratry sngbirds nrmally use starlight t psitin where they are in the sky at night. And when sea turtle babies hatch, they use light t psitin tward the cean — light pllutin is a huge deal fr them.
What causes light pllutin?
What are the negative effects f light pllutin?
Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
The sky brightness becmes wrse because f mre mdern types f lighting being used and the lack f LED lighting.
Besides light pllutin, what d yu think is the mst serius pllutin in life? And explain its effects. (In abut 40 wrds)
第二节：书面表达（20分）
假设你是红星中学高二学生李华。你校英国交换生Jim写邮件请你推荐一个你们学校的特色活动。请你用英文给他回复，内容包括：
1. 介绍活动；
2. 推荐理由；
3. 邀请参加。

注意：1．词数100左右；
2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
参考答案
第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）
第一节：完形填空（每小题1.5分，共15分）
1-5: BCADB 6-10: CADAB
第二节：语法填空（共10小题：每小题1.5分，共15分）
had been （时态语态）
but （连词）
examples （名词复数）
Lcated （非谓语）
15. clurful （词性转换）
16. is decrated （时态语态）
17. cleaner （形容词比较级）
18. t reduce （非谓语）
19. In （介词）
20. which （定语从句）
第二部分：阅读理解（共19小题；每小题2分，共38分）
第一节 （共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）
21-23: ACB 24-27: DBDC 28-30: ACA 31-34: BDDC
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
35-39: GACEF
第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分）
第一节（共4小题；40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分， 共12分）
40. Man-made lighting is the main cause./Man-made lighting.
41. Light pllutin leads t a lss f universal human experience, and als affects the rutine f human as well as ther frms f life.
评分标准: 2个要点，任意1点可得1分。
The sky brightness becmes wrse because f mre mdern types f lighting being used and the lack f LED lighting.
Accrding t the passage, the sky brightness becmes wrse because f mre use f LED lighting instead f the lack f it.
评分标准：做出正确判断得1分；给出解释得2分。判断错误，但解释正确，得2分。
43.（略）评分标准： 列出1个污染类型，得1分；每列出1个影响并解释，得2分。字数多于50或少于30，减1分；关键信息语法错误扣1分。
第二节（20分）
一、评分标准：
【注释】
分数计算: 本题总分20分，采用分项评分方式，其中内容8分，语言8分，结构4分。
评分时先判断作答内容与题目是否有关，若内容判为零分，语言与结构均为零分。
英式、美式拼写均可接受。
二、内容要点：
1. 介绍活动；
2. 推荐理由；
3. 邀请参加。
三、One pssible versin:
Dear Jim,
Glad t hear that yu’re interested in ur schl activities, amng which I’d like t recmmend the annual “Sprts Festival” t yu.
It falls n the last week f every March. Mst f us can sign up fr track and field events t win glry fr ur classes. Sme f us wh are nt gifted in sprts but still keen n participating can jin in sme fun sprts activities like “three-legged race” r attend vlunteer grup t help.
There’s n dubt that physical activities are beneficial t ur health as well as develp team spirit.
Cme and jin us this year! It wn’t let yu dwn.
Yurs,
Li Hua
1.
jy
shck
C. relief
D. shame
2.
believed
realized
admitted
predicted
3.
privately
carefully
equally
nrmally
4.
encuraged
blamed
warned
cntrlled
5.
cmfrting
punishing
changing
annying
6.
when
why
where
hw
7.
truth
plan
advice
wish
8.
surprised
wrried
scared
pleased
9.
hard
lucky
bring
free
10.
pprtunities
respnsibilities
suggestins
advantages
维度
分档
内容（8分）
语言（8分）
结构（4分）
一档
（6-8）
内容完整，详略得当。
表述与主题相关。
语言准确，基本无语言错误；句式多样。
语言表达基本得体。
条理清晰，结构合理。
衔接自然，行文连贯。
二档
（3-5）
内容基本完整。
表述与主题基本相关。
语言有一些错误，但不影响理解；句式有一定变化。
语言表达不太得体。
条理基本清晰，结构基本合理。
有一定衔接手段，行文基本连贯。
三档
（0-2）
内容不完整。
表述与主题不太相关或完全无关。
语言有大量错误，影响理解。
语言表达不得体。
条理不清晰。
支离破碎。