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专题04 阅读理解（说明文）-中考英语真题分项汇编（江苏专用）
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这是一份专题04 阅读理解（说明文）-中考英语真题分项汇编（江苏专用），文件包含专题04阅读理解说明文原卷版docx、专题04阅读理解说明文解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共49页， 欢迎下载使用。
The light that cmes frm the sun seems white t us. But the white light we see is made up f a mix f different clrs. When the light ges thrugh a raindrp, these clrs can separate ut. Each f the clrs in the rainbw has a different “wavelength” （波长）. Raindrps lk like little balls. When light hits ne f these little balls f water, the light can change directin. We call this “refractin” （折射）. Each f the different wavelengths is refracted differently. If the light hits the raindrp at the right place, the refractin separates the wavelengths ut int their different clrs.
We are taught there are seven clrs: red, range, yellw, green, blue, indig and vilet. But this isn’t exactly true. Blue and green are next t each ther in the rainbw, which is why we can see turquise （a mix f blue and green）. Brwn is a mix f red and green. But they aren’t next t each ther in the rainbw, s we dn’t see them mix t make brwn.
We wuld never see black and white in a rainbw. Black is what we see when there’s n light at all. On the ther hand, white is a mix f all the clrs tgether. When light is refracted by raindrps, it separates the white light ut, meaning it is n lnger white.
37. We can see a rainbw under the right cnditins because ________.
A. the raindrps are like little balls
B. the light ges thrugh raindrps
C. the sunshine seems t be clrful
D. the weather is fggy after it rains
38. Accrding t the passage, what can we knw abut the clrs in the rainbw?
A. They can becme brwn r black.
B. There are nly seven clrs in all.
C. They mix t make the white light.
D. Their wn places can be changed.
39. Which part f a magazine may this passage be taken frm?
A. Science. B. Health. C. Culture. D. Fashin.
40. What’s the best title fr the passage?
A. Hw are the clrs received in the rainbw?
B. When can the clrs turn blue in the rainbw?
C. Which clrs aren’t cvered with light in the rainbw?
D. Why can’t we find white, black and brwn in the rainbw?
【答案】37. B 38. C 39. A 40. D
【导语】
本文主要介绍了彩虹的形成以及对彩虹颜色知识的科普。
【37题详解】
细节理解题。根据“This is because a rainbw is created by light passing thrugh water drps.”可知因为光线穿过了雨滴，在合适的条件下，我们可以看到彩虹。故选B。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据“When light is refracted by raindrps, it separates the white light ut, meaning it is n lnger white.”（当光线被雨滴折射时，它将白光分离出来，这意味着它不再是白色的。）可知彩虹的颜色混合在一起发出白光，故选C。
【39题详解】
推理判断题。根据全文可知，本文主要介绍了彩虹的形成以及对彩虹颜色知识的科普，所以文章应该来自杂志的科学部分，故选A。
【40题详解】
最佳标题题。根据“We are taught there are seven clrs: red, range, yellw, green, blue, indig and vilet. But this isn’t exactly they aren’t next t each ther in the rainbw, s we dn’t see them mix t make brwn.”和“We wuld never see black and white in a rainbw. ”可知，我们被教导有七种颜色：红、橙、黄、绿、蓝、靛和紫，但是我们在彩虹中看不见白色，黑色和棕色，所以D选项符合，故选D。
（2023•江苏扬州•中考真题）
The scientific methd is used fr simple experiments that students may d in the classrm r very difficult experiments that scientists are ding all ver the wrld. It is a way f thinking that helps yu t avid drawing incrrect cnclusins.
There are usually fur steps in the scientific methd, including bservatin （观察）, hypthesis （假设）, experiment, and cnclusin. The steps may nt always be cmpleted in the same rder, but the first step is usually bservatin and asking a questin abut yur bservatin. Fr example, yu had a sick stmach, and ate a candy bar. An hur later, yu bserved that yu felt much better. Here, yu can ask a questin, such as, “What makes a sick stmach feel better?”
The secnd step is t state a pssible answer t the questin, r a hypthesis, such as “” A gd hypthesis includes three things: The explanatin fr the bservatins, it is able t be tested, and it will usually predict new utcmes r cnclusins.
The third step is the experiment, t test the hypthesis. An experiment is a test which will either challenge r supprt the hypthesis. The hypthesis will then be true r false.
The final step is t think abut what happened when yu tested the hypthesis and draw a cnclusin. The cnclusin will either clearly supprt the hypthesis r it will nt. If the results supprt the hypthesis, a cnclusin can be written and yu can share it with the rest f the wrld. If it des nt supprt the hypthesis, yu may chse t change the hypthesis r write a new ne based n what was learned during the experiment.
42. Which sentence best expresses the main idea f the passage?
A. Hw d the fur basic steps in the scientific methd wrk?
B. What makes a gd hypthesis based n the bservatin?
C. The cnclusin will always clearly supprt the hypthesis.
D. Learning the scientific methd may help students succeed in science.
43. Which sentence shuld g in the empty bx in Paragraph 3?
A. A candy bar makes a sick stmach feel better.
B. It was the medicine yu tk an hur earlier that made yu feel better.
C. Eat a candy bar again, and see what happens t yur sick stmach.
D. Ask peple if eating a candy bar has made a sick stmach feel better.
44. What des the underlined wrd “it” in the last paragraph refer t （指的是）?
A. The hypthesis.B. The cnclusin.
C. The questin.D. The bservatin.
45. Which f the fllwing sentences abut the experiment is TRUE?
A. An experiment is a test t always supprt the hypthesis.
B. An experiment des nt have t be part f the scientific methd.
C. An experiment is a test t either challenge r supprt a hypthesis.
D. An experiment is nly used when scientists are trying t prve a hypthesis.
【答案】42. A 43. A 44. B 45. C
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了基本科学方法包括四个步骤：观察、假设、实验和结论。
【42题详解】
主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了基本科学方法包括四个步骤：观察、假设、实验和结论。选项A“科学方法的四个基本步骤是如何工作的？”最能表达出文章主旨。故选A。
【43题详解】
推理判断题。根据“A gd hypthesis includes three things: The explanatin fr the bservatins, it is able t be tested, and it will usually predict new utcmes r cnclusins.（一个好的假设包括三件事：对观察结果的解释，它能够被检验，它通常会预测新的结果或结论。）”可知A选项“一块糖能让恶心的胃感觉好一点。”是一个好的假设，是一个解释，且能够被检验。故选A。
【44题详解】
词句猜测题。根据“The cnclusin will either clearly supprt the hypthesis r it will nt.”可知此处“it”指代前面的“The cnclusin”，表示“结论要么明确地支持假设，要么结论不支持假设”。故选B。
【45题详解】
细节理解题。根据“An experiment is a test which will either challenge r supprt the hypthesis.”可知实验是一种挑战或支持假设的测试。故选C。
（2023•江苏扬州•中考真题）
What wuld happen if yu tried t blw a sap （肥皂） bubble in belw-freezing weather? Wuld it freeze and fall t the grund? Wuld yu have t hit it with a stne t break it? These questins came int my mind ne cld winter day. It was t cld t play in the snw, but it was a perfect time t experiment with blwing frzen bubbles.
T blw frzen bubbles, I had t wait until the air utside was very cld. Fr this activity, that meant 10 degrees belw 0 Fahrenheit r clder. I didn’t have the bubble things that cme in a bttle, s I used dish-washing sap. Adding a drp f glycerin made the sap wrk even better. I chse a place ut f the wind, and blew bubbles the same way I always d. I watched t see what wuld happen. Here’s what I learned.
If the temperature is lw enugh, the skin f the bubble frsts （结霜） ver, becming cludy instead f clear. And what abut thse rainbw swirls （漩涡状物体） that yu see in sap bubbles? The rainbw clrs stay even （均匀的） when the bubbles frst, but they dn’t spin anymre. The bubbles still flat in the air. They dn’t fall t the grund any faster than they wuld n a warm summer day.
When these frzen bubbles break, they dn’t turn int tiny drps f sap as summer bubbles d. They turn int shiny rainbw pieces and fly slwly t the grund. Smetimes a frzen bubble will rll acrss the snw withut breaking. If it breaks, it may leave a strng bubble skin n the grund. Leave the bubble alne and it may stay there fr a lng time.
Smetimes I culd catch a bubble and hld it until the heat f my hand made it pp.
I learned ne ther thing abut blwing frzen bubbles. It’s s much fun. I want t try it again next year!
34. Hw des the writer begin the passage?
A. By cmparing tw types f bubbles.
B. By describing the freezing cld weather.
C. By asking sme questins abut the subject.
D. By presenting the tls needed t d the experiment.
35. What is this passage mainly abut?
A. Making sap that can wrk even better.
B. Making bubbles that will stay lnger.
C. Inventing a new kind f sap that makes clearer bubbles.
D. Finding ut what happens t bubbles in freezing temperatures.
36. Accrding t the passage, what will happen if yu blw frzen sap bubbles?
A. Cld enugh, the skin f the bubbles will stay clear.
B. When the bubbles frst, the rainbw clrs will spin faster.
C. A frzen bubble may rll acrss the snw withut breaking.
D. When these frzen bubbles break, they turn int tiny drps f sap.
37. What is the best title fr the passage?
A. A science clubB. Brken bubbles
C. A happy childD. Frzen bubbles
【答案】34. C 35. D 36. C 37. D
【导语】
本文主要介绍作者为了查明在低于冰点的天气里吹肥皂泡会发生什么而做了一个实验。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据“What wuld happen if yu tried t blw a sap （肥皂） bubble in belw-freezing weather...”可知作者通过几个问题引出文章的话题。故选C。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了作者为了查明在低于冰点的天气里吹肥皂泡会发生什么，作者做了一个实验。故选D。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Smetimes a frzen bubble will rll acrss the snw withut breaking”可知冰冻的气泡会在雪地上滚动而不破裂。故选C。
【37题详解】
最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了作者为了查明在低于冰点的天气里吹肥皂泡会发生什么，作者做了一个实验，故文章以“冻结的气泡”为标题最合适。故选D。
（2023•江苏苏州•中考真题）
Cnfucianism （儒家思想） has been fllwed by Chinese peple fr mre than tw thusand years.
T help peple understand hw t behave twards thers, Cnfucianism teaches the Five Cnstants （五常）. These are ren, yi, li, zhi and xin. They are general virtues （美德） arund the wrld. The mst imprtant tw are ren and li.
Ren is the feeling f care and lve we shuld have fr thers. Cnfucius explained ren culd best be understd as lving thers. He is famus fr teaching peple “What yu d nt want dne t yurself, d nt d t thers”. It is quite similar t what is knwn in the West as the Glden Rule （treat thers as yu wish t be treated）.
While the meaning f ren is easy t understand, li is a little harder t express. It can be thught f as duty r even respect. Generally, li is the way we shuld cnnect with peple in ur everyday life. In Cnfucian writings, discussins abut li include the prper way t drink tea and hw t remember ancestrs （祖先）. While ren is mstly abut ur pinins and feelings, li is abut hw we express ur pinins and feelings twards thers and twards the wrld arund us.
Perhaps the mst well-knwn Cnfucian virtue is xia. This is the duty children have t their parents. Xia means lving, respecting, beying and taking care f ne’s parents in their ld age. In Cnfucianism, xia is imprtant fr a harmnius （和谐的） sciety: Withut it, the whle wrld wuld fall int a mess.
14. Which are the mst imprtant f the Five Cnstants?
A. Ren and yi.B. Ren and li.C. Li and xin.D. Yi and zhi.
15. What is the best Chinese fr the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3?
A. 博学于文，约之以礼。B. 学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆。
C. 己所不欲，勿施于人。D. 君子和而不同，小人同而不和。
16. Which f the fllwing is an example f li?
A. Building a peaceful sciety.B. Taking care f ne’s children.
C. Obeying rules fr drinking tea.D. Learning all thrugh ne’s life.
17. What des the passage mainly tell us abut Cnfucianism?
A. Its general virtues.B. Its lng histry.
C. Its new challenges.D. Its glden rules.
【答案】14. B 15. C 16. C 17. A
【导语】
本文主要介绍了儒家思想中的传统美德。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The mst imprtant tw are ren and li.”可知最重要的是仁和礼。故选B。
【15题详解】
词句猜测题。根据“It is quite similar t what is knwn in the West as the Glden Rule （treat thers as yu wish t be treated）”可知，划线句子“What yu d nt want dne t yurself, d nt d t thers”和“按照你希望被对待的方式对待他人”意义相近，即己所不欲勿施于人。故选C。
【16题详解】
细节理解题。根据“ discussins abut li include the prper way t drink tea and hw t remember ancestrs ”可知关于礼的讨论包括正确的喝茶方式和如何缅怀祖先。故选C。
【17题详解】
主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了儒家思想的传统美德。故选A。
（2023•江苏苏州•中考真题）
Teenagers need eight t ten hurs f sleep per night. Hwever, in adlescence （青春期） changes t the bdy’s sleep cycle make it difficult fr teens t fall asleep early. Many cannt fall asleep until 10:30 p.m. r even later and mst f them will feel sleepy if they have t get up t early.
Scientists recmmend that bth middle and high schls begin n earlier than 8:30 a.m. Later schl start times supprt the natural needs f teenagers and increase their sleeping time.
Here are sme ther benefits f later schl start times:
Mre time fr a healthy breakfast
When running late in the mrnings, students are likely t g withut breakfast. With an empty stmach, ne finds it difficult t fcus （集中） in class. When they are always in a hurry, students may frm unhealthy eating habits.
With extra time befre ging t schl, students can eat a well-balanced breakfast and fcus mre n learning.
Fewer behaviral （行为的） prblems
Teens experience md changes as a cmmn result f this special perid f life. Less sleep may cause wrries, stress and unhappiness.
When they get enugh sleep, students are calm and peaceful and their mds d nt change suddenly. They’re less likely t feel wrried, unhappy r get angry. Fr parents, children with mre sleep are easier t live with.
Better perfrmance （表现） in study
Sleep lss hurts attentin, memry and brain develpment. Students with less sleep have difficulty paying attentin in class and are likely t have lwer grades. Students with enugh sleep can be mre energetic during the day and mre willing t learn. They are als less likely t fall asleep in class and mre able t understand what they learn.
In cnclusin, starting schl later helps students get a better night’s sleep. It imprves their chances f eating, behaving and perfrming better.
18. Accrding t the passage, what may cause teenagers t stay up?
A. Their lw grades.B. Their empty stmachs.
C. Their bdy’s sleep cycle.D. Their heavy hmewrk.
19. Hw can sleep lss influence students’ study?
A. It gives them much energy.B. It des harm t the brain.
C. It saves mre time fr study.D. It imprves their memry.
20. What’s the writer’s main purpse in writing this passage?
A. T explain reasns fr students’ stress.
B. T describe bad habits caused by sleep lss.
C. T discuss scientists’ research n healthy fd.
D. T intrduce benefits f later schl start times.
21. In which part f the website can yu prbably find this passage?
A. Educatin.B. Fashin.C. Sprts.D. Technlgy.
【答案】18. C 19. B 20. D 21. A
【导语】
本文讲述了推迟学生上学时间的一些好处。
【18题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Hwever, in adlescence changes t the bdy’s sleep cycle make it difficult fr teens t fall asleep early.”可知青少年身体睡眠周期的变化是他们难以入睡。故选C。
【19题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Sleep lss hurts attentin, memry and brain develpment. Students with less sleep have difficulty paying attentin in class and are likely t have lwer grades.”可知睡眠不足会影响大脑发育。故选B。
【20题详解】
推理判断题。根据“In cnclusin, starting schl later helps students get a better night’s sleep. It imprves their chances f eating, behaving and perfrming better.”可知本文讲述了推迟学生上学时间的一些好处。故选D。
【21题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知本文讲述了推迟学生上学时间的一些好处，是关于学生教育的，最有可能在“教育网站”看到这篇文章。故选A。
（2023•江苏无锡•中考真题）
28. This reading material mainly intrduces _________.
A. a petB. a bkC. a clubD. a writer
29. Pets and Their Peple is mainly abut _________.
A. hw t care fr animalsB. hw t train yur pet
C. hw t prtect animalsD. hw t feed yur pet
30. T win a free cpy f Pets and Their Peple, yu must _________.
A. fill in a frm nline befre JuneB. write t Jess French
C. get yur parent’s permissinD. jin the bk club
【答案】28. B 29. A 30. C
【导语】本文介绍了Pets and Their Peple这本书。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据“BOOK OF THE WEEK”以及内容可知，这是对一本书的介绍。故选B。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据“This bk has everything yu need t knw abut caring fr animals—it’s full f facts and helpful tips.”可知书中介绍了照顾动物的所有事。故选A。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Fr a chance t win a sure yu have a parent’s permissin t enter.”可知想要赢得书，需要征得父母同意。故选C。
（2023•江苏无锡•中考真题）
Pet parrts that are allwed t make vide calls t ther birds shw signs f feeling less islated, accrding t scientists.
The study, which invlved giving the birds a cmputer that they culd use t make vide calls, fund that they began t engage in mre scial behavirs including preening, singing and playing. The birds were given a chice f which “friend” t call n a tuchscreen cmputer and the study shwed that the parrts that called ther birds mst ften were the mst ppular chices.
Ilyena Hirskyj-Duglas, f the University f Glasgw and a c-authr f the study, said that vide calls had helped many peple feel less islated in the last few years. She added, “There are 20 millin parrts living in peple’s hmes in the USA, and we wanted t explre whether thse birds might benefit （受益） frm vide calling t. If we gave them the chance t call ther parrts, wuld they chse t d s, and wuld the experience benefit the parrts and their caregivers?”
Their study f 18 pet parrts suggested that there were, indeed, benefits fr the birds. In the wild, many species f parrts live in large grups, but as pets they are, kept alne r in a small grup. Living alne can cause birds, t develp mental prblems, which include rcking, walking back and frth, r self-harming behavirs such as feather-plucking.
The parrts first learned t ring a bell and then tuch a pht f anther bird n the screen f a cmputer t make a call t that bird, with the help f their wners. In ttal the birds made 147 calls t each ther during the study, while wners tk detailed ntes n the birds’ behavir and the researchers later reviewed the vide ftage.
Jennifer Cunha f Nrtheastern University said that the parrts “seemed t knw” that they were cmmunicating with ther birds. “All the bird wners in the study said they valued the experience, and wuld want t cntinue using the system with their parrts in the future,” she said.
“I was quite surprised at s many different behavirs,” said Hirskyj-Duglas. “Sme wuld sing, sme wuld play arund and g upside dwn, thers wuld want t shw anther bird their tys.”
34. The main purpse f the study is t find ut _________.
A. if parrts can learn t make vide callsB. if parrts can benefit frm vide calling
C. why parrts can have s many benefitD. why parrts can develp mental prblems
35. What can we learn abut the pet parrts?
A. Their way t cmmunicate is singing.B. Mst f them used t live in large grups.
C. The mst ppular nes made mst calls.D. They can make vide calls by themselves.
36. Which wrd has the clsest meaning t “islated”?
A. amazedB. calmC. scaredD. lnely
37. The fllwing paragraph can best g after ________.
Vide calling culd reprduce sme f the scial benefits f living in a grup, accrding t Rébecca Kleinberger, f Nrtheastern University and first authr f the study.
A. Paragraph 1B. Paragraph 2C. Paragraph 3D. Paragraph 4
【答案】34. B 35. C 36. D 37. D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍研究人员使用视频通话帮助宠物鹦鹉摆脱孤独。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据“There are 20 millin parrts living in peple’s hmes in the USA, and we wanted t explre whether thse birds might benefit （受益） frm vide calling t.”可知，在美国，有2000万只鹦鹉生活在人们的家中，我们想探索一下这些鹦鹉是否也能从视频通话中受益。由此可知，这项研究的主要目的是找出鹦鹉是否能从视频通话中受益。故选B。
【35题详解】
细节理解题。根据“the study shwed that the parrts that called ther birds mst ften were the mst ppular chices”可知，研究表明，最常叫其他鸟类的鹦鹉是最受欢迎的选择。由此可知，最受欢迎的打了最多的电话。故选C。
【36题详解】
词句猜测题。分析“Pet parrts that are allwed t make vide calls t ther birds shw signs f feeling less islated”可知，被允许与其他鸟类进行视频通话的宠物鹦鹉显示出感觉不那么孤立的迹象，此处islated的意思是“孤立的”，故选D。
【37题详解】
推理判断题。分析“Vide calling culd reprduce sme f the scial benefits f living in a grup, accrding t Rébecca Kleinberger, f Nrtheastern University and first authr f the study.东北大学的丽贝卡·克莱因伯格是这项研究的第一作者，她表示视频通话可以再现群体生活的一些社会效益。”可知，本句介绍的是该研究中视频通话的效益，与第四段结尾“Living alne can cause birds, t develp mental prblems, which include rcking, walking back and frth, r self-harming behavirs such as feather-plucking.”语境相符，逻辑相连。故选D。
（2023•江苏徐州•中考真题）
Pems play with sunds, wrds, and grammar. That makes pems difficult t write but very interesting t read. They use clurs, feelings, experiences, and images t paint a picture in yur mind. Let’s have a lk at the fllwing Chinese classical pem:
On the Strk Twer
By Wang Zhihuan
The sun alng the muntain bws,
The Yellw River seawards flws,
Yu can enjy a grander sight,
If yu climb t a greater height,
Translated by Xu Yuanchng
In Chinese classical pems, the frm is very imprtant: the crrect number f lines and the number f wrds in each line. Pems ften fllw special mdels f rhythm（节奏）and rhyme. Hwever, mdern pets begin t reject traditinal frms and structures（结构）fr pems in the 20th century. As a result, mst pems tday are written in free style, with lines f different lengths.
Tday many Chinese peple are becming mre interested in reading pems, n matter in what language they are written. Translatins can be gd, but being able t read in the riginal（最初的）language is best.
34. What d the first tw lines f the pem On the Strk Twer shw?
A. Lve.B. Sights.C. Histry.D. Feelings.
35. What des the underlined wrd “reject” in Paragraph 2 prbably mean?
A. Thrw away.B. Carry n.C. Agree with.D. Take up.
36. What des the writer f the passage prbably believe?
A. It is much easier t write classical pems than mdern pems.
B. Peple shuld develp the habit f painting pictures after reading pems.
C. Chinese classical pems shuld fllw free style with lines f different lengths.
D. N matter hw well a pem is translated, sme f the spirit f the riginal wrk is lst.
【答案】34. B 35. A 36. D
【导语】本文介绍了古诗和现代诗歌的特点。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据“The sun alng the muntain bws, The Yellw River seawards flws”可知，《登鹳雀楼》的前两行；白日依山尽，黄河入海流，介绍了美丽的景色。故选B。
【35题详解】
词句猜测题。根据“In Chinese classical pems, the frm is very imprtant: the crrect number f lines and the number f wrds in each line. Pems ften fllw special mdels f rhythm（节奏）and rhyme.”和“As a result, mst pems tday are written in free style, with lines f different lengths.”可知，古代的诗歌形式是固定的，遵循特殊的节奏和韵律模式，而现代的诗歌都是自由式的，每一行诗长短不一。故可知现代诗人拒绝传统的诗歌形式和结构，划线部分意为“拒绝，抛弃”，与Thrw away表达的意思相近。故选A。
【36题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Translatins can be gd, but being able t read in the riginal（最初的）language is best.”可知，虽然诗歌翻译过来很好，但是最好还是阅读原文，可推知作者认为一首诗翻译得再好，也会失去原作的一些精神。故选D。
（2023•江苏徐州•中考真题）
Yu stand in a garden. A lw nise reaches yur ears. Yu see a small insect flying near yur head. Yu turn t lk, and it flies ut f sight. There it is again! Yu mve slwly. Yu can see yellw and black stripes n it.
Is it a bee? It lands n a flwer, and yu take a clser lk.
Bees fld（折叠） their wings nt their backs when they stp flying. But this insect’s wings reach ut like a fly’s. That’s because it is a fly—a flwer fly.
Many flwer flies lk like bees. This helps keep them safe frm animals that may want t eat them. Insects with yellw and black stripes usually have stingers（刺）. Insect eaters, such as sme birds and frgs, need t get stung nly nce t knw that stripes mean truble. Flwer flies can’t sting, but insect eaters see the stripes and leave the flies alne.
Flwer flies spend mst f their time lking fr fd. Like bees, flwer flies eat pllen（花粉） and nectar（花蜜）. This makes them easy t find in a garden full f flwers. They are helpful garden insects just like bees. Adult flwer flies mve pllen frm ne flwer t anther, which helps sme flwers grw int fruit.
Flwer flies can stay in ne place while flying. Mst insects mve frward when they fly. But flwer flies can twist their wings, much like hummingbirds d. Twisting keeps them in ne place, s they can remain ver flwers, leaves, r even yu!
37. In which part f a magazine can we prbably see this passage?
A. Nature.B. Culture.C. Fashin.D. Health.
38. In which way are bees and flwer flies different?
A. The fd that they eat.B. The clur f their stripes.
C. The way they help garden flwers grw.D. The shape f wings when they stp flying.
39. What des the underlined phrase “leave the flies alne” in Paragraph 4 mean?
A. Make friends with the flies.B. Eat the flies up.
C. Keep away frm the flies.D. Invite the flies in.
40. What might the writer f the passage agree with?
A. Peple usually prefer bees t flwer flies.
B. Peple smetimes mistake flwer flies fr bees.
C. Peple shuld stp birds eating bees and flwer flies.
D. Peple shuld have beautiful gardens in their neighburhd.
【答案】37. A 38. D 39. C 40. B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了花蝇的外观、生理构造及生活习性等。
【37题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了花蝇的相关知识，应该在杂志的“自然”部分看到此文章。故选A。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Bees fld（折叠） their wings nt their backs when they stp flying. But this insect’s wings reach ut like a fly’s. That’s because it is a fly—a flwer fly.”可知，蜜蜂停止飞行时把翅膀叠在背上，但花蝇的翅膀却是伸出来。故两者的不同之处在于停止飞行时翅膀的形状。故选D。
【39题详解】
词句猜测题。根据“Insect eaters, such as sme birds and frgs, need t get stung nly nce t knw that stripes mean truble. Flwer flies can’t sting, but insect eaters see the stripes and leave the flies alne.”可知，带有黄色和黑色条纹的昆虫通常有刺，花蝇身上有黄黑条纹，虽然它身上没有刺，但是一些以昆虫为食的动物看到花蝇身上的条纹就会远离花蝇，故划线部分意为“远离花蝇”。故选C。
【40题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Is it a bee? It lands n a flwer, and yu take a clser lk.”及“Many flwer flies lk like bees.”可知，花蝇的外观和生活习性与蜜蜂有些相似，所以人们有时会把花蝇误认为蜜蜂。故选B。
（2023•江苏宿迁•中考真题）
Family is very imprtant fr everyne, n matter where yu are frm. S in bth East and West, peple have festivals t celebrate family reunins（团聚）. These festivals include the Mid-Autumn Festival in China and Thanksgiving Day in the US. Hw are they celebrated and what are the differences? Let’s take a lk.
Sharing the mnlight
The Mid-Autumn Festival is the secnd mst imprtant traditinal festival in China after the Spring Festival. It’s n the 15th day f the eighth mnth f Chinese lunar calendar. In ancient China, the day was cnsidered as a harvest festival since fruits, vegetables and grain（谷物） had been cllected frm the fields. All the family gt tgether and had a big dinner. They ate a special festival fd-mn cakes and enjyed the full mn.
On that day, the mn is full. The full mn is a symbl fr family reunins which mean tuanyuan in Chinese. Nw peple als celebrate the festival by getting tgether and having a big dinner.
When it gets dark, peple lk up at the full mn, eating mn cakes and missing friends and relatives wh are far frm hme. “We wish each ther a lng life s as t share the beauty f this graceful mnlight, even thugh miles apart!” wrte Su Shi, a famus Sng Dynasty pet.
Shwing thanks
Thanksgiving Day is ne f the biggest hlidays in the US. It’s n the furth Thursday f Nvember. Peple visit their friends and relatives t remind themselves that they are lucky t have happiness, health and family and als t have a rf ver their heads.
In 1621, abut 100 English peple tk a ship, the Mayflwer, and arrived in the nrtheastern US. The winter there was very cld and life was hard. As the American Indians helped them a lt, the English peple asked them t have a big meal with then in rder t express their thanks. The celebratin lasted fr three days.
Tday, peple usually have a family meal n Thanksgiving Day. They enjy delicius fd such as pumpkin scrn and a big, glden turkey.
There are ther traditins n the day. Fr example, the turkey has a V-shaped bne in the breast. It’s called a wishbne. After rasting（烤）, tw persns each take ne end f the bne. They make a wish and then pull it. If ne gets the larger part f the bne, he r she will get gd luck.
The mst imprtant part f Thanksgiving Day is t say “thanks”— this is the spirit f the hliday. Peple als like t watch the Thanksgiving Day Parade n TV.
38. Why did peple celebrate the Mid-Autumn Festival in ancient China?
A. Because peple culd eat mn cakes.
B. Because peple enjyed the full mn.
C. Because peple culd get tgether with relatives.
D. Because peple had a gd harvest frm the fields.
39. What des the underlined part “t have a rf ver their heads” in the passage prbably mean?
A. T have smewhere t live.B. T have fd t eat.
C. T have friends t talk t.D. T have clthes t wear.
40. What is the spirit f Thanksgiving Day?
A. T pull the bne.B. T play American ftball.
C. T say “thanks”.D. T watch the Parade.
41. What’s the main idea f the passage?
A. The backgrund t the tw festivals.B. The intrductin t the tw festivals.
C. The activities f the tw festivals.D. The custms f the tw festivals.
【答案】38. D 39. A 40. C 41. B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍中国和美国庆祝家庭团聚的两个节日——中秋节和感恩节。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据“In ancient China, the day was cnsidered as a harvest festival since fruits, vegetables and grain（谷物） had been cllected frm the fields.”可知，在中国古代，这一天被认为是丰收的节日，因为水果、蔬菜和谷物已经从田地里收集起来了。故选D。
【39题详解】
词句猜测题。分析“Peple visit their friends and relatives t remind themselves that they are lucky t have happiness, health and family and als t have a rf ver their heads.”可知，人们拜访他们的朋友和亲戚来提醒自己，他们是幸运的，拥有幸福，健康和家庭，也有一个屋顶在他们的头上。“have a rf ver their heads”的意思是“有地方住”，故选A。
【40题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The mst imprtant part f Thanksgiving Day is t say ‘thanks’— this is the spirit f the hliday.”可知，感恩节最重要的部分是说“谢谢”——这是这个节日的精神。故选C。
【41题详解】
主旨大意题。本文主要介绍中国和美国庆祝家庭团聚的两个节日——中秋节和感恩节，故选B。
（2023•江苏泰州•中考真题）
Pems frm Tang and Sng dynasties, peras frm Yuan dynasty, and nvels frm Ming and Qing dynasties are very famus in China’s histry. Tday, I’d like t recmmend Sng f Autumn, ne f the pems by Liu Yuxi（772-842）, a famus pet and writer in the mid Tang dynasty.
Just as shwn in the first line f the pem, mst ancient pets liked t describe autumn as a sad time, but in this pem the seasn appears differently. In Liu’s eyes, autumn, full f life and hpe, is even better than spring mrning. He describes the bright scene f a crane riding the cluds and flying int the blue sky.
With his pems paying special attentin t expressing persnal feelings, as well as the daily life f cmmn peple, Liu wrte pems with beautiful music-like wrds. Yu may feel it in this pem. Thugh being translated thughtfully by experienced Xu Yuanchng, the pem still reads nt s beautifully as that in Chinese. I persnally think that English is smetimes nt s pwerful as Chinese.
Here is anther example, in Liu’s essay An Eulgium n a Humble Cell（《陋室铭》）, with less than 100 wrds, he shws a lively picture f his humble cell. Hwever, it als shws hw he was pleased with the pr and simple life. Peple may find it strange that ne can feel happy living in such a humble cell. Learning frm his famus sentence, “be fragrant because f my virtues”（斯是陋室, 惟吾德馨）, I think t be a respectable man is mre imprtant than t live in big huses, t wear beautiful clthes, t enjy delicius fd, and even t gain knwledge.
31. Which dynasty is the pem Sng f Autumn written in?
A. Sng.B. Yuan.C. Ming.D. Tang.
32. Hw was autumn in Liu’s eyes at that time?
A. He thught it was a sad time.
B. He thught that autumn was rather cludy.
C. He thught Spring was better.
D. He thught autumn was a hpeful seasn.
33. Which f the fllwing is the feature f Liu Yuxi’s wrks accrding t the passage?
A. Expressing persnal feelings.
B. Describing daily life f yung peple.
C. Picturing blue sky and a crane.
D. Writing sngs accrding t music.
34. Hw did Liu feel abut living in a humble cell in the writer’s pinin?
A. Strange.B. Unhappy.C. Satisfied.D. Lnely.
35. Influenced by Liu Yuxi, which f the fllwing des the writer think is the mst imprtant?
A. T be a respectable man.
B. T live in a big huse.
C. T wear beautiful clthes.
D. T gain mre knwledge.
【答案】31. D 32. D 33. A 34. C 35. A
【导语】本文介绍著名诗人刘禹锡的两首诗歌——《秋词》和《陋室铭》，从诗歌中展现出刘禹锡的个人特色以及作者的感悟。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Tday, I’d like t recmmend Sng f Autumn, ne f the pems by Liu Yuxi（772-842）, a famus pet and writer in the mid Tang dynasty.”可知，《秋词》是唐代诗人刘禹锡写的，故选D。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据“In Liu’s eyes, autumn, full f life and hpe, is even better than spring mrning.”可知，在刘的眼中，充满生机和希望的秋天甚至比春天的早晨还要美好。故选D。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据“With his pems paying special attentin t expressing persnal feelings, as well as the daily life f cmmn peple, Liu wrte pems with beautiful music-like wrds.”可知，他的诗特别注重表达个人情感，以及普通人的日常生活，他的诗用优美的音乐般的词语。故选A。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Hwever, it als shws hw he was pleased with the pr and simple life.”可知，《陋室铭》显示了他是如何满足于贫穷和简单的生活。故选C。
【35题详解】
细节理解题。根据“I think t be a respectable man is mre imprtant than t live in big huses, t wear beautiful clthes, t enjy delicius fd, and even t gain knwledge.”可知，作者认为做一个受人尊敬的人比住大房子，穿漂亮的衣服，享受美味的食物，甚至获得知识更重要。故选A。
（2023•江苏泰州•中考真题）
Nw, primary students learn cking at schl. It has been discussed by teachers and parents. Sme think that it is a useful skill fr students, while thers think it’s a waste f time, sme even think it’s just a shw. But d they really understand cking?
It’s been said that gd cking is an art frm. The truth is that it’s much mre than that. Then talking abut different fds frm all arund the wrld, r cultures and histries f dishes, students are cnnected t the wrld and learning histry and culture in a new field. Then learning cking, students measure（称量） materials frm time t time, r find il and water dn’t usually mix. Students are als learning maths and science in practice.
The imprtance f failures in making fd is as much as successes. Li Mei, 11, was crazy abut the yummy cakes made by her father and wanted t make ne n her wn. But when taking her cake ut, she was frustrated（沮丧的） t find that the cake was hard and black at the bttm. Her father tld her when he was 13, he tried t make cakes, but wasted bxes f eggs. Then tgether with Father, Li Mei fund ut what had gne wrng and succeeded in making ne. Li Mei learned in the failure f cking, and culd be braver t face failures.
Apart frm the practical skills, cking builds character. It encurages kids t wrk with thers. It als encurages them t be pen t fds they might nt have tried. Thugh being gd t ur health, carrts were hated by 12-year-ld Xia Lei. But he started t lve them after he made a salad with them. By cking, students put dwn their phnes and wrk tgether with family members in the kitchen. By cking, students frm the habit f ding labr wrk. As a part f labr educatin, cking is a way t teach kids vital 21st century skills, such as creativity, teamwrk and s n. If these skills aren’t taught t tday’s students, they might hardly survive in the future.
36. What des the writer think f “learning cking” in primary schls?
A. It needs better understanding.
B. It’s just a useful skill fr students.
C. It’s really a waste f time.
D. It must be canceled as a shw.
37. What’s the relatinship between cking and ther subjects accrding t the passage?
A. B.
C. D.
38. What des the writer think f failure in cking?
A. Cking can help peple avid failure.
B. There is n failure withut success.
C. Failure is as imprtant as success.
D. Cking is sure t be failure at last.
39. Why des the writer mentin the change f Xia Lei?
A. T shw us carrts are gd fr ur health.
B. T encurage kids t wrk with thers.
C. T educate kids t be pen t different fds.
D. T teach us hw t make a salad with carrts.
40. What des the underlined wrd vital in the last paragraph mean?
A. Necessary.B. Difficult.C. Creative.D. Simple.
【答案】36. A 37. D 38. C 39. C 40. A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍烹饪对学生的好处。
【36题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Sme think that it is a useful skill fr students, while thers think it’s a waste f time, sme even think it’s just a shw. But d they really understand cking?”和“It’s been said that gd cking is an art frm. The truth is that it’s much mre than that.”可知，作者认为烹饪远远不止是一种技能、不是浪费时间以及不是一种表演，事实远不止这些。所以作者认为学习烹饪需要更好的理解。故选A。
【37题详解】
推理判断题。根据“As a part f labr educatin, cking is a way...”可知，烹饪是劳动教育的一部分，排除AB；结合“Students are als learning maths and science in practice.”可知，学生们也在实践中学习数学和科学，所以劳动教育和其他学科是相关的。故选D。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The imprtance f failures in making fd is as much as successes.”可知，在制作食物的过程中，失败和成功同样重要。故选C。
【39题详解】
细节理解题。根据“It als encurages them t be pen t fds they might nt have tried. Thugh being gd t ur health, carrts were hated by 12-year-ld Xia Lei. But he started t lve them after he made a salad with them.”可知，烹饪鼓励学生们对自己可能没有尝试过的食物持开放态度。虽然胡萝卜对我们的健康有好处，但12岁的小雷却讨厌胡萝卜。但在用它们做沙拉后，他开始喜欢上了它们。故选C。
【40题详解】
词句猜测题。分析“As a part f labr educatin, cking is a way t teach kids vital 21st century skills, such as creativity, teamwrk and s n.”可知，作为劳动教育的一部分，烹饪是教给孩子们21世纪重要技能的一种方式，比如创造力、团队合作等等。此处vital的意思是“重要的”，故选A。
（2023•江苏泰州•中考真题）
I lve snakes, while my mther des nt. Lts f peple wh are afraid f snakes have never seen ne. Neither has my mther. S where des the fear cme frm?
T find ut the answer, scientists put pictures with snakes, pandas, cats, flwers and many ther things in frnt f a grup f peple f all ages, even babies. Peple fund snakes faster than flwers. It wasn’t just snakes. They fund “black faces”, anther example, spiders（蜘蛛）, faster than “safe” things like flwers. It seems we find things that might be dangerus t us faster. Maybe we are brn t be afraid f them.
Scientists als fund peple learned t fear snakes faster. Why did they fear snakes? Mst f them said that in their experiences, they were influenced by the scared vice and faces f thse wh met snakes, but wasn’t bitten by snakes. After all, if we had t be bitten by a snake t learn that it’s dangerus, we might learn ur lessn t late.
S why is it imprtant whether we are afraid f snakes r nt? It may nt matter much t us, but it is really very imprtant t snakes. Peple prtect animals they like, nt animals they fear. Snakes may nt be as cute as pandas, but they’re just f the same imprtance t the envirnment. Snakes eat insects and mice that are pests（害虫） t humans. Snakes are als fd fr ther animals, s, when we kill snakes, we’re breaking the balance.
Hw can we reduce ur fears t give snakes a chance? Scientists did a study recently. Sme vlunteer students went n a field trip. With the help f safety tips, everyne culd safely tuch and hld a snake. It turns ut that snakes aren’t s bad when yu knw the way t stay with them. Mst peple wh were afraid f snakes befre the field trip weren’t afraid afterwards. In fact, snakes even became sme students’ favrite animal. Hmm, maybe I shuld take my mm n the next field trip.
41. In the writer’s pinin, what are “black faces”?
A. Things make peple feel dangerus.
B. Faces f animals in the picture.
C. Things that have black faces.
D. Faces f peple in danger.
42. What des the writer mean by saying “we might learn ur lessn t late” in the third paragraph?
A. We might never see any snakes.
B. We are nt in danger any lnger.
C. We might nt fear snakes any mre.
D. We might already be killed by snakes.
43. Hw d the scientists help peple reduce the fear f snakes?
A. By teaching peple skills f killing snakes.
B. By driving snakes away thrugh a field trip.
C. By teaching them the right way t stay with them.
D. By giving snakes a chance t shw they are gd.
44. What can we learn frm scientists after reading the passage?
A. Dn’t be afraid and find chances in danger.
B. Always remember t give peple safety tips.
C. Face failures bravely and never give up trying.
D. Find prblems and d research t slve them.
45. Which fits the scientists’ idea best?
a. are brn t fear snakes b. need t be prtected c. dn’t prtect animals they fear
A. 1-c, 2-a, 3-bB. 1-b, 2-a, 3-c
C. 1-a, 2-c, 3-bD. 1-a, 2-b, 3-c
【答案】41. A 42. D 43. C 44. D 45. C
【导语】本文主要介绍人们害怕蛇是有一定依据的，但是蛇和其他动物一样在生态中同等重要，作者打算带妈妈去实地考察一下，减少妈妈对蛇的恐惧。
【41题详解】
细节理解题。根据“They fund ‘black faces’, anther example, spiders（蜘蛛）, faster than “safe” things like flwers. It seems we find things that might be dangerus t us faster.”可知，他们发现“黑脸”，另一个例子，蜘蛛，比“安全”的东西，比如花，要快。似乎我们能更快地发现可能对我们有害的东西。所以作者说的“黑脸”指的是让人感到危险的东西。故选A。
【42题详解】
词句猜测题。分析“After all, if we had t be bitten by a snake t learn that it’s dangerus, we might learn ur lessn t late.”可知，如果我们被蛇咬了才知道它是危险的，我们可能吸取教训太晚了。如果太晚了可能我们可能已经被蛇咬死了。故选D。
【43题详解】
细节理解题。根据“With the help f safety tips, everyne culd safely tuch and hld a snake. It turns ut that snakes aren’t s bad when yu knw the way t stay with them.”可知，在安全提示的帮助下，每个人都可以安全地触摸和握住蛇。事实证明，当你知道如何与蛇相处时，蛇并不是那么糟糕。故选C。
【44题详解】
推理判断题。本文介绍人们害怕蛇这一问题，科学家为了找到答案进行研究，并给出解决办法。故选D。
【45题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Maybe we are brn t be afraid f them.”可知，也许我们生来就害怕它们，所以1对应a，排除AB；根据“Peple prtect animals they like, nt animals they fear.”可知，人们保护他们喜欢的动物，而不是他们害怕的动物，所以2对应c，排除D，故选C。
（2023•江苏镇江•中考真题）
26. Hw des the writer tell readers that smething smells bad in the passage?
A. By shwing frms.B. By listing numbers.
C. By drawing pictures.D. By giving examples.
27. What can yu learn frm the passage?
A. Different bacteria prduce the same smell.
B. A smelly egg gives ff sulfur and hydrgen.
C. Dry shes and scks can help bacteria grw.
D. Lemn increases the bad smell f saltwater fish.
28. Which part f a magazine is the passage mst prbably taken frm?
A. Wrd Histry.B. Cking Tips.C. Travel Guide.D. Fun Facts.
【答案】26. D 27. B 28. D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一些关于闻起来很难闻的东西的有趣事实。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据“But d yu knw the interesting facts abut smething that smells bad?”可知，文章第一段介绍本文主题，一些闻起来很难闻的东西的有趣事实，接下来作者列举了鱼、脚以及变质的鸡蛋的味道，故作者通过举例子的方式介绍文章内容。故选D。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据“When an egg ges bad, the bacteria help t change the sulfur （硫） in its white part int sulfur and hydrgen （硫化氢）.”可知，臭鸡蛋会释放出硫和氢。故选B。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据“But d yu knw the interesting facts abut smething that smells bad?”及全文可知，本文介绍了一些关于闻起来很难闻的东西的有趣事实，故文章可能来源于“Fun Facts”版块。故选D。
（2023•江苏镇江•中考真题）
Bicycles have lng been a kind f transprt in China. In the past, nly a small grup f peple thught cycling a sprt. Nw mre and mre peple discver the jy f it.
________ Riders share their favurite rutes and health tips abut cycling n sme apps like Xiahngshu r Sina Weib. On Xiahngshu, there are mre than 2.5 millin psts （帖子） abut cycling, and n Weib, the tpic abut cycling has been viewed mre than 700 millin times. A bicycle cmpany says the sales in ne f its stres rse 20% t 30%, cmpared t the same perid a year earlier. Cycling activities are als welcmed. Accrding t the Chinese Cycling Assciatin, at least 20 millin peple have jined in the sprt.
Peple turn t cycling as mre peple care abut their health and their demand fr utdr exercise becmes strnger. Fr peple wh have begun cycling, the sprt seems t prvide a gd way t run away frm the busy city life. It als gives them a strnger sense f being part f the natural envirnment. Thugh the sprt cycling smetimes csts a lt, many cyclists think spending mney n their wn bdies is mre valuable than n ther items. Mre peple take part in cycling as cities in China are als planning t build mre cycle-nly lanes （车道）. Several years ag, Beijing started building the city’s first cycle-nly lane. Since its pening, the lane has seen a larger daily traffic flw. Such lanes are als being built in sme ther cities.
29. Which f the fllwing sentences is the mst suitable fr the blank （空格） in Paragraph 2?
A. Cycling has a lng histry.B. Cycling becmes a ht tpic.
C. Cycling csts a lt f mney.D. Cycling brings several advantages.
30. The underlined wrd “demand” in Paragraph 3 means ________.
A. needB. planC. designD. talent
31. What’s the purpse f this passage?
A. It advises cities t build cycling lanes.
B. It shws the sales f cycling are ging up.
C. It intrduces cycling is becming ppular.
D. It recmmends gd cycling rutes t peple.
【答案】29. B 30. A 31. C
【导语】本文主要介绍了随着越来越多的人关心自己的健康，他们对户外运动的需求也越来越强烈，人们开始骑自行车，骑自行车变得越来越受欢迎。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据“On Xiahngshu, there are mre than 2.5 millin psts （帖子） abut cycling...”可知本段主要介绍了骑自行车非常受欢迎，选项B“骑自行车成热门话题”符合语境。故选B。
【30题详解】
词义猜测题。根据“Peple turn t cycling as mre peple care abut their health and their demand fr utdr exercise becmes strnger”可知随着越来越多的人关心自己的健康，他们对户外运动的需求也越来越强烈，人们开始骑自行车，故此处划线部分意为“需求”，和need意义相近。故选A。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了随着越来越多的人关心自己的健康，他们对户外运动的需求也越来越强烈，人们开始骑自行车，骑自行车变得越来越受欢迎。故选C。
Peple 1._______
S peple are afraid f snakes and they 2.______
S snakes aren’t prtected by peple thugh they 3._______
Peple learn t fear snakes frm thers’ experiences.
The nse helps us a lt. It tells us when dinner is almst ready and leads the way t sweet cakes. It als tells us t keep away frm bad smells. But d yu knw the interesting facts abut smething that smells bad?
Fish
Yu might have nticed that fish smell unpleasant smetimes. Fish frm the cean smell the strngest. These saltwater fish have a chemical （化学物质） called TMAO. While we prepare fish fr cking, TMAO is already changing int ther things. One is called TMA. It smells super smelly. Usually, befre cks make saltwater fish a dish, they wash fish. And mst f the TMA can be washed away. Cks als add lemn t make the fish less smelly.
Feet
Ft sweat （脚汗） itself des nt have a bad smell at first. But it has fd and water that the bacteria （细菌） need. With them, the bacteria give ff sme smell. Mst shes ften keep sweat in them. That makes shes and scks warm and wet—a place where bacteria can grw. Different types f bacteria give ff different smells. That’s why feet may smell like bad vegetables, smelly eggs r ther smelly things.
Eggs
Many things smell terrible when they g bad. But a bad egg gives ff the mst famus bad smell f all and draws peple’s attentin. When an egg ges bad, the bacteria help t change the sulfur （硫） in its white part int sulfur and hydrgen （硫化氢）. And it smells really bad. The nse just warns us away frm it because t much sulfur and hydrgen will harm ur health.
The light that cmes frm the sun seems white t us. But the white light we see is made up f a mix f different clrs. When the light ges thrugh a raindrp, these clrs can separate ut. Each f the clrs in the rainbw has a different “wavelength” （波长）. Raindrps lk like little balls. When light hits ne f these little balls f water, the light can change directin. We call this “refractin” （折射）. Each f the different wavelengths is refracted differently. If the light hits the raindrp at the right place, the refractin separates the wavelengths ut int their different clrs.
We are taught there are seven clrs: red, range, yellw, green, blue, indig and vilet. But this isn’t exactly true. Blue and green are next t each ther in the rainbw, which is why we can see turquise （a mix f blue and green）. Brwn is a mix f red and green. But they aren’t next t each ther in the rainbw, s we dn’t see them mix t make brwn.
We wuld never see black and white in a rainbw. Black is what we see when there’s n light at all. On the ther hand, white is a mix f all the clrs tgether. When light is refracted by raindrps, it separates the white light ut, meaning it is n lnger white.
37. We can see a rainbw under the right cnditins because ________.
A. the raindrps are like little balls
B. the light ges thrugh raindrps
C. the sunshine seems t be clrful
D. the weather is fggy after it rains
38. Accrding t the passage, what can we knw abut the clrs in the rainbw?
A. They can becme brwn r black.
B. There are nly seven clrs in all.
C. They mix t make the white light.
D. Their wn places can be changed.
39. Which part f a magazine may this passage be taken frm?
A. Science. B. Health. C. Culture. D. Fashin.
40. What’s the best title fr the passage?
A. Hw are the clrs received in the rainbw?
B. When can the clrs turn blue in the rainbw?
C. Which clrs aren’t cvered with light in the rainbw?
D. Why can’t we find white, black and brwn in the rainbw?
【答案】37. B 38. C 39. A 40. D
【导语】
本文主要介绍了彩虹的形成以及对彩虹颜色知识的科普。
【37题详解】
细节理解题。根据“This is because a rainbw is created by light passing thrugh water drps.”可知因为光线穿过了雨滴，在合适的条件下，我们可以看到彩虹。故选B。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据“When light is refracted by raindrps, it separates the white light ut, meaning it is n lnger white.”（当光线被雨滴折射时，它将白光分离出来，这意味着它不再是白色的。）可知彩虹的颜色混合在一起发出白光，故选C。
【39题详解】
推理判断题。根据全文可知，本文主要介绍了彩虹的形成以及对彩虹颜色知识的科普，所以文章应该来自杂志的科学部分，故选A。
【40题详解】
最佳标题题。根据“We are taught there are seven clrs: red, range, yellw, green, blue, indig and vilet. But this isn’t exactly they aren’t next t each ther in the rainbw, s we dn’t see them mix t make brwn.”和“We wuld never see black and white in a rainbw. ”可知，我们被教导有七种颜色：红、橙、黄、绿、蓝、靛和紫，但是我们在彩虹中看不见白色，黑色和棕色，所以D选项符合，故选D。
（2023•江苏扬州•中考真题）
The scientific methd is used fr simple experiments that students may d in the classrm r very difficult experiments that scientists are ding all ver the wrld. It is a way f thinking that helps yu t avid drawing incrrect cnclusins.
There are usually fur steps in the scientific methd, including bservatin （观察）, hypthesis （假设）, experiment, and cnclusin. The steps may nt always be cmpleted in the same rder, but the first step is usually bservatin and asking a questin abut yur bservatin. Fr example, yu had a sick stmach, and ate a candy bar. An hur later, yu bserved that yu felt much better. Here, yu can ask a questin, such as, “What makes a sick stmach feel better?”
The secnd step is t state a pssible answer t the questin, r a hypthesis, such as “” A gd hypthesis includes three things: The explanatin fr the bservatins, it is able t be tested, and it will usually predict new utcmes r cnclusins.
The third step is the experiment, t test the hypthesis. An experiment is a test which will either challenge r supprt the hypthesis. The hypthesis will then be true r false.
The final step is t think abut what happened when yu tested the hypthesis and draw a cnclusin. The cnclusin will either clearly supprt the hypthesis r it will nt. If the results supprt the hypthesis, a cnclusin can be written and yu can share it with the rest f the wrld. If it des nt supprt the hypthesis, yu may chse t change the hypthesis r write a new ne based n what was learned during the experiment.
42. Which sentence best expresses the main idea f the passage?
A. Hw d the fur basic steps in the scientific methd wrk?
B. What makes a gd hypthesis based n the bservatin?
C. The cnclusin will always clearly supprt the hypthesis.
D. Learning the scientific methd may help students succeed in science.
43. Which sentence shuld g in the empty bx in Paragraph 3?
A. A candy bar makes a sick stmach feel better.
B. It was the medicine yu tk an hur earlier that made yu feel better.
C. Eat a candy bar again, and see what happens t yur sick stmach.
D. Ask peple if eating a candy bar has made a sick stmach feel better.
44. What des the underlined wrd “it” in the last paragraph refer t （指的是）?
A. The hypthesis.B. The cnclusin.
C. The questin.D. The bservatin.
45. Which f the fllwing sentences abut the experiment is TRUE?
A. An experiment is a test t always supprt the hypthesis.
B. An experiment des nt have t be part f the scientific methd.
C. An experiment is a test t either challenge r supprt a hypthesis.
D. An experiment is nly used when scientists are trying t prve a hypthesis.
【答案】42. A 43. A 44. B 45. C
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了基本科学方法包括四个步骤：观察、假设、实验和结论。
【42题详解】
主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了基本科学方法包括四个步骤：观察、假设、实验和结论。选项A“科学方法的四个基本步骤是如何工作的？”最能表达出文章主旨。故选A。
【43题详解】
推理判断题。根据“A gd hypthesis includes three things: The explanatin fr the bservatins, it is able t be tested, and it will usually predict new utcmes r cnclusins.（一个好的假设包括三件事：对观察结果的解释，它能够被检验，它通常会预测新的结果或结论。）”可知A选项“一块糖能让恶心的胃感觉好一点。”是一个好的假设，是一个解释，且能够被检验。故选A。
【44题详解】
词句猜测题。根据“The cnclusin will either clearly supprt the hypthesis r it will nt.”可知此处“it”指代前面的“The cnclusin”，表示“结论要么明确地支持假设，要么结论不支持假设”。故选B。
【45题详解】
细节理解题。根据“An experiment is a test which will either challenge r supprt the hypthesis.”可知实验是一种挑战或支持假设的测试。故选C。
（2023•江苏扬州•中考真题）
What wuld happen if yu tried t blw a sap （肥皂） bubble in belw-freezing weather? Wuld it freeze and fall t the grund? Wuld yu have t hit it with a stne t break it? These questins came int my mind ne cld winter day. It was t cld t play in the snw, but it was a perfect time t experiment with blwing frzen bubbles.
T blw frzen bubbles, I had t wait until the air utside was very cld. Fr this activity, that meant 10 degrees belw 0 Fahrenheit r clder. I didn’t have the bubble things that cme in a bttle, s I used dish-washing sap. Adding a drp f glycerin made the sap wrk even better. I chse a place ut f the wind, and blew bubbles the same way I always d. I watched t see what wuld happen. Here’s what I learned.
If the temperature is lw enugh, the skin f the bubble frsts （结霜） ver, becming cludy instead f clear. And what abut thse rainbw swirls （漩涡状物体） that yu see in sap bubbles? The rainbw clrs stay even （均匀的） when the bubbles frst, but they dn’t spin anymre. The bubbles still flat in the air. They dn’t fall t the grund any faster than they wuld n a warm summer day.
When these frzen bubbles break, they dn’t turn int tiny drps f sap as summer bubbles d. They turn int shiny rainbw pieces and fly slwly t the grund. Smetimes a frzen bubble will rll acrss the snw withut breaking. If it breaks, it may leave a strng bubble skin n the grund. Leave the bubble alne and it may stay there fr a lng time.
Smetimes I culd catch a bubble and hld it until the heat f my hand made it pp.
I learned ne ther thing abut blwing frzen bubbles. It’s s much fun. I want t try it again next year!
34. Hw des the writer begin the passage?
A. By cmparing tw types f bubbles.
B. By describing the freezing cld weather.
C. By asking sme questins abut the subject.
D. By presenting the tls needed t d the experiment.
35. What is this passage mainly abut?
A. Making sap that can wrk even better.
B. Making bubbles that will stay lnger.
C. Inventing a new kind f sap that makes clearer bubbles.
D. Finding ut what happens t bubbles in freezing temperatures.
36. Accrding t the passage, what will happen if yu blw frzen sap bubbles?
A. Cld enugh, the skin f the bubbles will stay clear.
B. When the bubbles frst, the rainbw clrs will spin faster.
C. A frzen bubble may rll acrss the snw withut breaking.
D. When these frzen bubbles break, they turn int tiny drps f sap.
37. What is the best title fr the passage?
A. A science clubB. Brken bubbles
C. A happy childD. Frzen bubbles
【答案】34. C 35. D 36. C 37. D
【导语】
本文主要介绍作者为了查明在低于冰点的天气里吹肥皂泡会发生什么而做了一个实验。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据“What wuld happen if yu tried t blw a sap （肥皂） bubble in belw-freezing weather...”可知作者通过几个问题引出文章的话题。故选C。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了作者为了查明在低于冰点的天气里吹肥皂泡会发生什么，作者做了一个实验。故选D。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Smetimes a frzen bubble will rll acrss the snw withut breaking”可知冰冻的气泡会在雪地上滚动而不破裂。故选C。
【37题详解】
最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了作者为了查明在低于冰点的天气里吹肥皂泡会发生什么，作者做了一个实验，故文章以“冻结的气泡”为标题最合适。故选D。
（2023•江苏苏州•中考真题）
Cnfucianism （儒家思想） has been fllwed by Chinese peple fr mre than tw thusand years.
T help peple understand hw t behave twards thers, Cnfucianism teaches the Five Cnstants （五常）. These are ren, yi, li, zhi and xin. They are general virtues （美德） arund the wrld. The mst imprtant tw are ren and li.
Ren is the feeling f care and lve we shuld have fr thers. Cnfucius explained ren culd best be understd as lving thers. He is famus fr teaching peple “What yu d nt want dne t yurself, d nt d t thers”. It is quite similar t what is knwn in the West as the Glden Rule （treat thers as yu wish t be treated）.
While the meaning f ren is easy t understand, li is a little harder t express. It can be thught f as duty r even respect. Generally, li is the way we shuld cnnect with peple in ur everyday life. In Cnfucian writings, discussins abut li include the prper way t drink tea and hw t remember ancestrs （祖先）. While ren is mstly abut ur pinins and feelings, li is abut hw we express ur pinins and feelings twards thers and twards the wrld arund us.
Perhaps the mst well-knwn Cnfucian virtue is xia. This is the duty children have t their parents. Xia means lving, respecting, beying and taking care f ne’s parents in their ld age. In Cnfucianism, xia is imprtant fr a harmnius （和谐的） sciety: Withut it, the whle wrld wuld fall int a mess.
14. Which are the mst imprtant f the Five Cnstants?
A. Ren and yi.B. Ren and li.C. Li and xin.D. Yi and zhi.
15. What is the best Chinese fr the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3?
A. 博学于文，约之以礼。B. 学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆。
C. 己所不欲，勿施于人。D. 君子和而不同，小人同而不和。
16. Which f the fllwing is an example f li?
A. Building a peaceful sciety.B. Taking care f ne’s children.
C. Obeying rules fr drinking tea.D. Learning all thrugh ne’s life.
17. What des the passage mainly tell us abut Cnfucianism?
A. Its general virtues.B. Its lng histry.
C. Its new challenges.D. Its glden rules.
【答案】14. B 15. C 16. C 17. A
【导语】
本文主要介绍了儒家思想中的传统美德。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The mst imprtant tw are ren and li.”可知最重要的是仁和礼。故选B。
【15题详解】
词句猜测题。根据“It is quite similar t what is knwn in the West as the Glden Rule （treat thers as yu wish t be treated）”可知，划线句子“What yu d nt want dne t yurself, d nt d t thers”和“按照你希望被对待的方式对待他人”意义相近，即己所不欲勿施于人。故选C。
【16题详解】
细节理解题。根据“ discussins abut li include the prper way t drink tea and hw t remember ancestrs ”可知关于礼的讨论包括正确的喝茶方式和如何缅怀祖先。故选C。
【17题详解】
主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了儒家思想的传统美德。故选A。
（2023•江苏苏州•中考真题）
Teenagers need eight t ten hurs f sleep per night. Hwever, in adlescence （青春期） changes t the bdy’s sleep cycle make it difficult fr teens t fall asleep early. Many cannt fall asleep until 10:30 p.m. r even later and mst f them will feel sleepy if they have t get up t early.
Scientists recmmend that bth middle and high schls begin n earlier than 8:30 a.m. Later schl start times supprt the natural needs f teenagers and increase their sleeping time.
Here are sme ther benefits f later schl start times:
Mre time fr a healthy breakfast
When running late in the mrnings, students are likely t g withut breakfast. With an empty stmach, ne finds it difficult t fcus （集中） in class. When they are always in a hurry, students may frm unhealthy eating habits.
With extra time befre ging t schl, students can eat a well-balanced breakfast and fcus mre n learning.
Fewer behaviral （行为的） prblems
Teens experience md changes as a cmmn result f this special perid f life. Less sleep may cause wrries, stress and unhappiness.
When they get enugh sleep, students are calm and peaceful and their mds d nt change suddenly. They’re less likely t feel wrried, unhappy r get angry. Fr parents, children with mre sleep are easier t live with.
Better perfrmance （表现） in study
Sleep lss hurts attentin, memry and brain develpment. Students with less sleep have difficulty paying attentin in class and are likely t have lwer grades. Students with enugh sleep can be mre energetic during the day and mre willing t learn. They are als less likely t fall asleep in class and mre able t understand what they learn.
In cnclusin, starting schl later helps students get a better night’s sleep. It imprves their chances f eating, behaving and perfrming better.
18. Accrding t the passage, what may cause teenagers t stay up?
A. Their lw grades.B. Their empty stmachs.
C. Their bdy’s sleep cycle.D. Their heavy hmewrk.
19. Hw can sleep lss influence students’ study?
A. It gives them much energy.B. It des harm t the brain.
C. It saves mre time fr study.D. It imprves their memry.
20. What’s the writer’s main purpse in writing this passage?
A. T explain reasns fr students’ stress.
B. T describe bad habits caused by sleep lss.
C. T discuss scientists’ research n healthy fd.
D. T intrduce benefits f later schl start times.
21. In which part f the website can yu prbably find this passage?
A. Educatin.B. Fashin.C. Sprts.D. Technlgy.
【答案】18. C 19. B 20. D 21. A
【导语】
本文讲述了推迟学生上学时间的一些好处。
【18题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Hwever, in adlescence changes t the bdy’s sleep cycle make it difficult fr teens t fall asleep early.”可知青少年身体睡眠周期的变化是他们难以入睡。故选C。
【19题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Sleep lss hurts attentin, memry and brain develpment. Students with less sleep have difficulty paying attentin in class and are likely t have lwer grades.”可知睡眠不足会影响大脑发育。故选B。
【20题详解】
推理判断题。根据“In cnclusin, starting schl later helps students get a better night’s sleep. It imprves their chances f eating, behaving and perfrming better.”可知本文讲述了推迟学生上学时间的一些好处。故选D。
【21题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知本文讲述了推迟学生上学时间的一些好处，是关于学生教育的，最有可能在“教育网站”看到这篇文章。故选A。
（2023•江苏无锡•中考真题）
28. This reading material mainly intrduces _________.
A. a petB. a bkC. a clubD. a writer
29. Pets and Their Peple is mainly abut _________.
A. hw t care fr animalsB. hw t train yur pet
C. hw t prtect animalsD. hw t feed yur pet
30. T win a free cpy f Pets and Their Peple, yu must _________.
A. fill in a frm nline befre JuneB. write t Jess French
C. get yur parent’s permissinD. jin the bk club
【答案】28. B 29. A 30. C
【导语】本文介绍了Pets and Their Peple这本书。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据“BOOK OF THE WEEK”以及内容可知，这是对一本书的介绍。故选B。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据“This bk has everything yu need t knw abut caring fr animals—it’s full f facts and helpful tips.”可知书中介绍了照顾动物的所有事。故选A。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Fr a chance t win a sure yu have a parent’s permissin t enter.”可知想要赢得书，需要征得父母同意。故选C。
（2023•江苏无锡•中考真题）
Pet parrts that are allwed t make vide calls t ther birds shw signs f feeling less islated, accrding t scientists.
The study, which invlved giving the birds a cmputer that they culd use t make vide calls, fund that they began t engage in mre scial behavirs including preening, singing and playing. The birds were given a chice f which “friend” t call n a tuchscreen cmputer and the study shwed that the parrts that called ther birds mst ften were the mst ppular chices.
Ilyena Hirskyj-Duglas, f the University f Glasgw and a c-authr f the study, said that vide calls had helped many peple feel less islated in the last few years. She added, “There are 20 millin parrts living in peple’s hmes in the USA, and we wanted t explre whether thse birds might benefit （受益） frm vide calling t. If we gave them the chance t call ther parrts, wuld they chse t d s, and wuld the experience benefit the parrts and their caregivers?”
Their study f 18 pet parrts suggested that there were, indeed, benefits fr the birds. In the wild, many species f parrts live in large grups, but as pets they are, kept alne r in a small grup. Living alne can cause birds, t develp mental prblems, which include rcking, walking back and frth, r self-harming behavirs such as feather-plucking.
The parrts first learned t ring a bell and then tuch a pht f anther bird n the screen f a cmputer t make a call t that bird, with the help f their wners. In ttal the birds made 147 calls t each ther during the study, while wners tk detailed ntes n the birds’ behavir and the researchers later reviewed the vide ftage.
Jennifer Cunha f Nrtheastern University said that the parrts “seemed t knw” that they were cmmunicating with ther birds. “All the bird wners in the study said they valued the experience, and wuld want t cntinue using the system with their parrts in the future,” she said.
“I was quite surprised at s many different behavirs,” said Hirskyj-Duglas. “Sme wuld sing, sme wuld play arund and g upside dwn, thers wuld want t shw anther bird their tys.”
34. The main purpse f the study is t find ut _________.
A. if parrts can learn t make vide callsB. if parrts can benefit frm vide calling
C. why parrts can have s many benefitD. why parrts can develp mental prblems
35. What can we learn abut the pet parrts?
A. Their way t cmmunicate is singing.B. Mst f them used t live in large grups.
C. The mst ppular nes made mst calls.D. They can make vide calls by themselves.
36. Which wrd has the clsest meaning t “islated”?
A. amazedB. calmC. scaredD. lnely
37. The fllwing paragraph can best g after ________.
Vide calling culd reprduce sme f the scial benefits f living in a grup, accrding t Rébecca Kleinberger, f Nrtheastern University and first authr f the study.
A. Paragraph 1B. Paragraph 2C. Paragraph 3D. Paragraph 4
【答案】34. B 35. C 36. D 37. D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍研究人员使用视频通话帮助宠物鹦鹉摆脱孤独。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据“There are 20 millin parrts living in peple’s hmes in the USA, and we wanted t explre whether thse birds might benefit （受益） frm vide calling t.”可知，在美国，有2000万只鹦鹉生活在人们的家中，我们想探索一下这些鹦鹉是否也能从视频通话中受益。由此可知，这项研究的主要目的是找出鹦鹉是否能从视频通话中受益。故选B。
【35题详解】
细节理解题。根据“the study shwed that the parrts that called ther birds mst ften were the mst ppular chices”可知，研究表明，最常叫其他鸟类的鹦鹉是最受欢迎的选择。由此可知，最受欢迎的打了最多的电话。故选C。
【36题详解】
词句猜测题。分析“Pet parrts that are allwed t make vide calls t ther birds shw signs f feeling less islated”可知，被允许与其他鸟类进行视频通话的宠物鹦鹉显示出感觉不那么孤立的迹象，此处islated的意思是“孤立的”，故选D。
【37题详解】
推理判断题。分析“Vide calling culd reprduce sme f the scial benefits f living in a grup, accrding t Rébecca Kleinberger, f Nrtheastern University and first authr f the study.东北大学的丽贝卡·克莱因伯格是这项研究的第一作者，她表示视频通话可以再现群体生活的一些社会效益。”可知，本句介绍的是该研究中视频通话的效益，与第四段结尾“Living alne can cause birds, t develp mental prblems, which include rcking, walking back and frth, r self-harming behavirs such as feather-plucking.”语境相符，逻辑相连。故选D。
（2023•江苏徐州•中考真题）
Pems play with sunds, wrds, and grammar. That makes pems difficult t write but very interesting t read. They use clurs, feelings, experiences, and images t paint a picture in yur mind. Let’s have a lk at the fllwing Chinese classical pem:
On the Strk Twer
By Wang Zhihuan
The sun alng the muntain bws,
The Yellw River seawards flws,
Yu can enjy a grander sight,
If yu climb t a greater height,
Translated by Xu Yuanchng
In Chinese classical pems, the frm is very imprtant: the crrect number f lines and the number f wrds in each line. Pems ften fllw special mdels f rhythm（节奏）and rhyme. Hwever, mdern pets begin t reject traditinal frms and structures（结构）fr pems in the 20th century. As a result, mst pems tday are written in free style, with lines f different lengths.
Tday many Chinese peple are becming mre interested in reading pems, n matter in what language they are written. Translatins can be gd, but being able t read in the riginal（最初的）language is best.
34. What d the first tw lines f the pem On the Strk Twer shw?
A. Lve.B. Sights.C. Histry.D. Feelings.
35. What des the underlined wrd “reject” in Paragraph 2 prbably mean?
A. Thrw away.B. Carry n.C. Agree with.D. Take up.
36. What des the writer f the passage prbably believe?
A. It is much easier t write classical pems than mdern pems.
B. Peple shuld develp the habit f painting pictures after reading pems.
C. Chinese classical pems shuld fllw free style with lines f different lengths.
D. N matter hw well a pem is translated, sme f the spirit f the riginal wrk is lst.
【答案】34. B 35. A 36. D
【导语】本文介绍了古诗和现代诗歌的特点。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据“The sun alng the muntain bws, The Yellw River seawards flws”可知，《登鹳雀楼》的前两行；白日依山尽，黄河入海流，介绍了美丽的景色。故选B。
【35题详解】
词句猜测题。根据“In Chinese classical pems, the frm is very imprtant: the crrect number f lines and the number f wrds in each line. Pems ften fllw special mdels f rhythm（节奏）and rhyme.”和“As a result, mst pems tday are written in free style, with lines f different lengths.”可知，古代的诗歌形式是固定的，遵循特殊的节奏和韵律模式，而现代的诗歌都是自由式的，每一行诗长短不一。故可知现代诗人拒绝传统的诗歌形式和结构，划线部分意为“拒绝，抛弃”，与Thrw away表达的意思相近。故选A。
【36题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Translatins can be gd, but being able t read in the riginal（最初的）language is best.”可知，虽然诗歌翻译过来很好，但是最好还是阅读原文，可推知作者认为一首诗翻译得再好，也会失去原作的一些精神。故选D。
（2023•江苏徐州•中考真题）
Yu stand in a garden. A lw nise reaches yur ears. Yu see a small insect flying near yur head. Yu turn t lk, and it flies ut f sight. There it is again! Yu mve slwly. Yu can see yellw and black stripes n it.
Is it a bee? It lands n a flwer, and yu take a clser lk.
Bees fld（折叠） their wings nt their backs when they stp flying. But this insect’s wings reach ut like a fly’s. That’s because it is a fly—a flwer fly.
Many flwer flies lk like bees. This helps keep them safe frm animals that may want t eat them. Insects with yellw and black stripes usually have stingers（刺）. Insect eaters, such as sme birds and frgs, need t get stung nly nce t knw that stripes mean truble. Flwer flies can’t sting, but insect eaters see the stripes and leave the flies alne.
Flwer flies spend mst f their time lking fr fd. Like bees, flwer flies eat pllen（花粉） and nectar（花蜜）. This makes them easy t find in a garden full f flwers. They are helpful garden insects just like bees. Adult flwer flies mve pllen frm ne flwer t anther, which helps sme flwers grw int fruit.
Flwer flies can stay in ne place while flying. Mst insects mve frward when they fly. But flwer flies can twist their wings, much like hummingbirds d. Twisting keeps them in ne place, s they can remain ver flwers, leaves, r even yu!
37. In which part f a magazine can we prbably see this passage?
A. Nature.B. Culture.C. Fashin.D. Health.
38. In which way are bees and flwer flies different?
A. The fd that they eat.B. The clur f their stripes.
C. The way they help garden flwers grw.D. The shape f wings when they stp flying.
39. What des the underlined phrase “leave the flies alne” in Paragraph 4 mean?
A. Make friends with the flies.B. Eat the flies up.
C. Keep away frm the flies.D. Invite the flies in.
40. What might the writer f the passage agree with?
A. Peple usually prefer bees t flwer flies.
B. Peple smetimes mistake flwer flies fr bees.
C. Peple shuld stp birds eating bees and flwer flies.
D. Peple shuld have beautiful gardens in their neighburhd.
【答案】37. A 38. D 39. C 40. B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了花蝇的外观、生理构造及生活习性等。
【37题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了花蝇的相关知识，应该在杂志的“自然”部分看到此文章。故选A。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Bees fld（折叠） their wings nt their backs when they stp flying. But this insect’s wings reach ut like a fly’s. That’s because it is a fly—a flwer fly.”可知，蜜蜂停止飞行时把翅膀叠在背上，但花蝇的翅膀却是伸出来。故两者的不同之处在于停止飞行时翅膀的形状。故选D。
【39题详解】
词句猜测题。根据“Insect eaters, such as sme birds and frgs, need t get stung nly nce t knw that stripes mean truble. Flwer flies can’t sting, but insect eaters see the stripes and leave the flies alne.”可知，带有黄色和黑色条纹的昆虫通常有刺，花蝇身上有黄黑条纹，虽然它身上没有刺，但是一些以昆虫为食的动物看到花蝇身上的条纹就会远离花蝇，故划线部分意为“远离花蝇”。故选C。
【40题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Is it a bee? It lands n a flwer, and yu take a clser lk.”及“Many flwer flies lk like bees.”可知，花蝇的外观和生活习性与蜜蜂有些相似，所以人们有时会把花蝇误认为蜜蜂。故选B。
（2023•江苏宿迁•中考真题）
Family is very imprtant fr everyne, n matter where yu are frm. S in bth East and West, peple have festivals t celebrate family reunins（团聚）. These festivals include the Mid-Autumn Festival in China and Thanksgiving Day in the US. Hw are they celebrated and what are the differences? Let’s take a lk.
Sharing the mnlight
The Mid-Autumn Festival is the secnd mst imprtant traditinal festival in China after the Spring Festival. It’s n the 15th day f the eighth mnth f Chinese lunar calendar. In ancient China, the day was cnsidered as a harvest festival since fruits, vegetables and grain（谷物） had been cllected frm the fields. All the family gt tgether and had a big dinner. They ate a special festival fd-mn cakes and enjyed the full mn.
On that day, the mn is full. The full mn is a symbl fr family reunins which mean tuanyuan in Chinese. Nw peple als celebrate the festival by getting tgether and having a big dinner.
When it gets dark, peple lk up at the full mn, eating mn cakes and missing friends and relatives wh are far frm hme. “We wish each ther a lng life s as t share the beauty f this graceful mnlight, even thugh miles apart!” wrte Su Shi, a famus Sng Dynasty pet.
Shwing thanks
Thanksgiving Day is ne f the biggest hlidays in the US. It’s n the furth Thursday f Nvember. Peple visit their friends and relatives t remind themselves that they are lucky t have happiness, health and family and als t have a rf ver their heads.
In 1621, abut 100 English peple tk a ship, the Mayflwer, and arrived in the nrtheastern US. The winter there was very cld and life was hard. As the American Indians helped them a lt, the English peple asked them t have a big meal with then in rder t express their thanks. The celebratin lasted fr three days.
Tday, peple usually have a family meal n Thanksgiving Day. They enjy delicius fd such as pumpkin scrn and a big, glden turkey.
There are ther traditins n the day. Fr example, the turkey has a V-shaped bne in the breast. It’s called a wishbne. After rasting（烤）, tw persns each take ne end f the bne. They make a wish and then pull it. If ne gets the larger part f the bne, he r she will get gd luck.
The mst imprtant part f Thanksgiving Day is t say “thanks”— this is the spirit f the hliday. Peple als like t watch the Thanksgiving Day Parade n TV.
38. Why did peple celebrate the Mid-Autumn Festival in ancient China?
A. Because peple culd eat mn cakes.
B. Because peple enjyed the full mn.
C. Because peple culd get tgether with relatives.
D. Because peple had a gd harvest frm the fields.
39. What des the underlined part “t have a rf ver their heads” in the passage prbably mean?
A. T have smewhere t live.B. T have fd t eat.
C. T have friends t talk t.D. T have clthes t wear.
40. What is the spirit f Thanksgiving Day?
A. T pull the bne.B. T play American ftball.
C. T say “thanks”.D. T watch the Parade.
41. What’s the main idea f the passage?
A. The backgrund t the tw festivals.B. The intrductin t the tw festivals.
C. The activities f the tw festivals.D. The custms f the tw festivals.
【答案】38. D 39. A 40. C 41. B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍中国和美国庆祝家庭团聚的两个节日——中秋节和感恩节。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据“In ancient China, the day was cnsidered as a harvest festival since fruits, vegetables and grain（谷物） had been cllected frm the fields.”可知，在中国古代，这一天被认为是丰收的节日，因为水果、蔬菜和谷物已经从田地里收集起来了。故选D。
【39题详解】
词句猜测题。分析“Peple visit their friends and relatives t remind themselves that they are lucky t have happiness, health and family and als t have a rf ver their heads.”可知，人们拜访他们的朋友和亲戚来提醒自己，他们是幸运的，拥有幸福，健康和家庭，也有一个屋顶在他们的头上。“have a rf ver their heads”的意思是“有地方住”，故选A。
【40题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The mst imprtant part f Thanksgiving Day is t say ‘thanks’— this is the spirit f the hliday.”可知，感恩节最重要的部分是说“谢谢”——这是这个节日的精神。故选C。
【41题详解】
主旨大意题。本文主要介绍中国和美国庆祝家庭团聚的两个节日——中秋节和感恩节，故选B。
（2023•江苏泰州•中考真题）
Pems frm Tang and Sng dynasties, peras frm Yuan dynasty, and nvels frm Ming and Qing dynasties are very famus in China’s histry. Tday, I’d like t recmmend Sng f Autumn, ne f the pems by Liu Yuxi（772-842）, a famus pet and writer in the mid Tang dynasty.
Just as shwn in the first line f the pem, mst ancient pets liked t describe autumn as a sad time, but in this pem the seasn appears differently. In Liu’s eyes, autumn, full f life and hpe, is even better than spring mrning. He describes the bright scene f a crane riding the cluds and flying int the blue sky.
With his pems paying special attentin t expressing persnal feelings, as well as the daily life f cmmn peple, Liu wrte pems with beautiful music-like wrds. Yu may feel it in this pem. Thugh being translated thughtfully by experienced Xu Yuanchng, the pem still reads nt s beautifully as that in Chinese. I persnally think that English is smetimes nt s pwerful as Chinese.
Here is anther example, in Liu’s essay An Eulgium n a Humble Cell（《陋室铭》）, with less than 100 wrds, he shws a lively picture f his humble cell. Hwever, it als shws hw he was pleased with the pr and simple life. Peple may find it strange that ne can feel happy living in such a humble cell. Learning frm his famus sentence, “be fragrant because f my virtues”（斯是陋室, 惟吾德馨）, I think t be a respectable man is mre imprtant than t live in big huses, t wear beautiful clthes, t enjy delicius fd, and even t gain knwledge.
31. Which dynasty is the pem Sng f Autumn written in?
A. Sng.B. Yuan.C. Ming.D. Tang.
32. Hw was autumn in Liu’s eyes at that time?
A. He thught it was a sad time.
B. He thught that autumn was rather cludy.
C. He thught Spring was better.
D. He thught autumn was a hpeful seasn.
33. Which f the fllwing is the feature f Liu Yuxi’s wrks accrding t the passage?
A. Expressing persnal feelings.
B. Describing daily life f yung peple.
C. Picturing blue sky and a crane.
D. Writing sngs accrding t music.
34. Hw did Liu feel abut living in a humble cell in the writer’s pinin?
A. Strange.B. Unhappy.C. Satisfied.D. Lnely.
35. Influenced by Liu Yuxi, which f the fllwing des the writer think is the mst imprtant?
A. T be a respectable man.
B. T live in a big huse.
C. T wear beautiful clthes.
D. T gain mre knwledge.
【答案】31. D 32. D 33. A 34. C 35. A
【导语】本文介绍著名诗人刘禹锡的两首诗歌——《秋词》和《陋室铭》，从诗歌中展现出刘禹锡的个人特色以及作者的感悟。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Tday, I’d like t recmmend Sng f Autumn, ne f the pems by Liu Yuxi（772-842）, a famus pet and writer in the mid Tang dynasty.”可知，《秋词》是唐代诗人刘禹锡写的，故选D。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据“In Liu’s eyes, autumn, full f life and hpe, is even better than spring mrning.”可知，在刘的眼中，充满生机和希望的秋天甚至比春天的早晨还要美好。故选D。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据“With his pems paying special attentin t expressing persnal feelings, as well as the daily life f cmmn peple, Liu wrte pems with beautiful music-like wrds.”可知，他的诗特别注重表达个人情感，以及普通人的日常生活，他的诗用优美的音乐般的词语。故选A。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Hwever, it als shws hw he was pleased with the pr and simple life.”可知，《陋室铭》显示了他是如何满足于贫穷和简单的生活。故选C。
【35题详解】
细节理解题。根据“I think t be a respectable man is mre imprtant than t live in big huses, t wear beautiful clthes, t enjy delicius fd, and even t gain knwledge.”可知，作者认为做一个受人尊敬的人比住大房子，穿漂亮的衣服，享受美味的食物，甚至获得知识更重要。故选A。
（2023•江苏泰州•中考真题）
Nw, primary students learn cking at schl. It has been discussed by teachers and parents. Sme think that it is a useful skill fr students, while thers think it’s a waste f time, sme even think it’s just a shw. But d they really understand cking?
It’s been said that gd cking is an art frm. The truth is that it’s much mre than that. Then talking abut different fds frm all arund the wrld, r cultures and histries f dishes, students are cnnected t the wrld and learning histry and culture in a new field. Then learning cking, students measure（称量） materials frm time t time, r find il and water dn’t usually mix. Students are als learning maths and science in practice.
The imprtance f failures in making fd is as much as successes. Li Mei, 11, was crazy abut the yummy cakes made by her father and wanted t make ne n her wn. But when taking her cake ut, she was frustrated（沮丧的） t find that the cake was hard and black at the bttm. Her father tld her when he was 13, he tried t make cakes, but wasted bxes f eggs. Then tgether with Father, Li Mei fund ut what had gne wrng and succeeded in making ne. Li Mei learned in the failure f cking, and culd be braver t face failures.
Apart frm the practical skills, cking builds character. It encurages kids t wrk with thers. It als encurages them t be pen t fds they might nt have tried. Thugh being gd t ur health, carrts were hated by 12-year-ld Xia Lei. But he started t lve them after he made a salad with them. By cking, students put dwn their phnes and wrk tgether with family members in the kitchen. By cking, students frm the habit f ding labr wrk. As a part f labr educatin, cking is a way t teach kids vital 21st century skills, such as creativity, teamwrk and s n. If these skills aren’t taught t tday’s students, they might hardly survive in the future.
36. What des the writer think f “learning cking” in primary schls?
A. It needs better understanding.
B. It’s just a useful skill fr students.
C. It’s really a waste f time.
D. It must be canceled as a shw.
37. What’s the relatinship between cking and ther subjects accrding t the passage?
A. B.
C. D.
38. What des the writer think f failure in cking?
A. Cking can help peple avid failure.
B. There is n failure withut success.
C. Failure is as imprtant as success.
D. Cking is sure t be failure at last.
39. Why des the writer mentin the change f Xia Lei?
A. T shw us carrts are gd fr ur health.
B. T encurage kids t wrk with thers.
C. T educate kids t be pen t different fds.
D. T teach us hw t make a salad with carrts.
40. What des the underlined wrd vital in the last paragraph mean?
A. Necessary.B. Difficult.C. Creative.D. Simple.
【答案】36. A 37. D 38. C 39. C 40. A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍烹饪对学生的好处。
【36题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Sme think that it is a useful skill fr students, while thers think it’s a waste f time, sme even think it’s just a shw. But d they really understand cking?”和“It’s been said that gd cking is an art frm. The truth is that it’s much mre than that.”可知，作者认为烹饪远远不止是一种技能、不是浪费时间以及不是一种表演，事实远不止这些。所以作者认为学习烹饪需要更好的理解。故选A。
【37题详解】
推理判断题。根据“As a part f labr educatin, cking is a way...”可知，烹饪是劳动教育的一部分，排除AB；结合“Students are als learning maths and science in practice.”可知，学生们也在实践中学习数学和科学，所以劳动教育和其他学科是相关的。故选D。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The imprtance f failures in making fd is as much as successes.”可知，在制作食物的过程中，失败和成功同样重要。故选C。
【39题详解】
细节理解题。根据“It als encurages them t be pen t fds they might nt have tried. Thugh being gd t ur health, carrts were hated by 12-year-ld Xia Lei. But he started t lve them after he made a salad with them.”可知，烹饪鼓励学生们对自己可能没有尝试过的食物持开放态度。虽然胡萝卜对我们的健康有好处，但12岁的小雷却讨厌胡萝卜。但在用它们做沙拉后，他开始喜欢上了它们。故选C。
【40题详解】
词句猜测题。分析“As a part f labr educatin, cking is a way t teach kids vital 21st century skills, such as creativity, teamwrk and s n.”可知，作为劳动教育的一部分，烹饪是教给孩子们21世纪重要技能的一种方式，比如创造力、团队合作等等。此处vital的意思是“重要的”，故选A。
（2023•江苏泰州•中考真题）
I lve snakes, while my mther des nt. Lts f peple wh are afraid f snakes have never seen ne. Neither has my mther. S where des the fear cme frm?
T find ut the answer, scientists put pictures with snakes, pandas, cats, flwers and many ther things in frnt f a grup f peple f all ages, even babies. Peple fund snakes faster than flwers. It wasn’t just snakes. They fund “black faces”, anther example, spiders（蜘蛛）, faster than “safe” things like flwers. It seems we find things that might be dangerus t us faster. Maybe we are brn t be afraid f them.
Scientists als fund peple learned t fear snakes faster. Why did they fear snakes? Mst f them said that in their experiences, they were influenced by the scared vice and faces f thse wh met snakes, but wasn’t bitten by snakes. After all, if we had t be bitten by a snake t learn that it’s dangerus, we might learn ur lessn t late.
S why is it imprtant whether we are afraid f snakes r nt? It may nt matter much t us, but it is really very imprtant t snakes. Peple prtect animals they like, nt animals they fear. Snakes may nt be as cute as pandas, but they’re just f the same imprtance t the envirnment. Snakes eat insects and mice that are pests（害虫） t humans. Snakes are als fd fr ther animals, s, when we kill snakes, we’re breaking the balance.
Hw can we reduce ur fears t give snakes a chance? Scientists did a study recently. Sme vlunteer students went n a field trip. With the help f safety tips, everyne culd safely tuch and hld a snake. It turns ut that snakes aren’t s bad when yu knw the way t stay with them. Mst peple wh were afraid f snakes befre the field trip weren’t afraid afterwards. In fact, snakes even became sme students’ favrite animal. Hmm, maybe I shuld take my mm n the next field trip.
41. In the writer’s pinin, what are “black faces”?
A. Things make peple feel dangerus.
B. Faces f animals in the picture.
C. Things that have black faces.
D. Faces f peple in danger.
42. What des the writer mean by saying “we might learn ur lessn t late” in the third paragraph?
A. We might never see any snakes.
B. We are nt in danger any lnger.
C. We might nt fear snakes any mre.
D. We might already be killed by snakes.
43. Hw d the scientists help peple reduce the fear f snakes?
A. By teaching peple skills f killing snakes.
B. By driving snakes away thrugh a field trip.
C. By teaching them the right way t stay with them.
D. By giving snakes a chance t shw they are gd.
44. What can we learn frm scientists after reading the passage?
A. Dn’t be afraid and find chances in danger.
B. Always remember t give peple safety tips.
C. Face failures bravely and never give up trying.
D. Find prblems and d research t slve them.
45. Which fits the scientists’ idea best?
a. are brn t fear snakes b. need t be prtected c. dn’t prtect animals they fear
A. 1-c, 2-a, 3-bB. 1-b, 2-a, 3-c
C. 1-a, 2-c, 3-bD. 1-a, 2-b, 3-c
【答案】41. A 42. D 43. C 44. D 45. C
【导语】本文主要介绍人们害怕蛇是有一定依据的，但是蛇和其他动物一样在生态中同等重要，作者打算带妈妈去实地考察一下，减少妈妈对蛇的恐惧。
【41题详解】
细节理解题。根据“They fund ‘black faces’, anther example, spiders（蜘蛛）, faster than “safe” things like flwers. It seems we find things that might be dangerus t us faster.”可知，他们发现“黑脸”，另一个例子，蜘蛛，比“安全”的东西，比如花，要快。似乎我们能更快地发现可能对我们有害的东西。所以作者说的“黑脸”指的是让人感到危险的东西。故选A。
【42题详解】
词句猜测题。分析“After all, if we had t be bitten by a snake t learn that it’s dangerus, we might learn ur lessn t late.”可知，如果我们被蛇咬了才知道它是危险的，我们可能吸取教训太晚了。如果太晚了可能我们可能已经被蛇咬死了。故选D。
【43题详解】
细节理解题。根据“With the help f safety tips, everyne culd safely tuch and hld a snake. It turns ut that snakes aren’t s bad when yu knw the way t stay with them.”可知，在安全提示的帮助下，每个人都可以安全地触摸和握住蛇。事实证明，当你知道如何与蛇相处时，蛇并不是那么糟糕。故选C。
【44题详解】
推理判断题。本文介绍人们害怕蛇这一问题，科学家为了找到答案进行研究，并给出解决办法。故选D。
【45题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Maybe we are brn t be afraid f them.”可知，也许我们生来就害怕它们，所以1对应a，排除AB；根据“Peple prtect animals they like, nt animals they fear.”可知，人们保护他们喜欢的动物，而不是他们害怕的动物，所以2对应c，排除D，故选C。
（2023•江苏镇江•中考真题）
26. Hw des the writer tell readers that smething smells bad in the passage?
A. By shwing frms.B. By listing numbers.
C. By drawing pictures.D. By giving examples.
27. What can yu learn frm the passage?
A. Different bacteria prduce the same smell.
B. A smelly egg gives ff sulfur and hydrgen.
C. Dry shes and scks can help bacteria grw.
D. Lemn increases the bad smell f saltwater fish.
28. Which part f a magazine is the passage mst prbably taken frm?
A. Wrd Histry.B. Cking Tips.C. Travel Guide.D. Fun Facts.
【答案】26. D 27. B 28. D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一些关于闻起来很难闻的东西的有趣事实。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据“But d yu knw the interesting facts abut smething that smells bad?”可知，文章第一段介绍本文主题，一些闻起来很难闻的东西的有趣事实，接下来作者列举了鱼、脚以及变质的鸡蛋的味道，故作者通过举例子的方式介绍文章内容。故选D。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据“When an egg ges bad, the bacteria help t change the sulfur （硫） in its white part int sulfur and hydrgen （硫化氢）.”可知，臭鸡蛋会释放出硫和氢。故选B。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据“But d yu knw the interesting facts abut smething that smells bad?”及全文可知，本文介绍了一些关于闻起来很难闻的东西的有趣事实，故文章可能来源于“Fun Facts”版块。故选D。
（2023•江苏镇江•中考真题）
Bicycles have lng been a kind f transprt in China. In the past, nly a small grup f peple thught cycling a sprt. Nw mre and mre peple discver the jy f it.
________ Riders share their favurite rutes and health tips abut cycling n sme apps like Xiahngshu r Sina Weib. On Xiahngshu, there are mre than 2.5 millin psts （帖子） abut cycling, and n Weib, the tpic abut cycling has been viewed mre than 700 millin times. A bicycle cmpany says the sales in ne f its stres rse 20% t 30%, cmpared t the same perid a year earlier. Cycling activities are als welcmed. Accrding t the Chinese Cycling Assciatin, at least 20 millin peple have jined in the sprt.
Peple turn t cycling as mre peple care abut their health and their demand fr utdr exercise becmes strnger. Fr peple wh have begun cycling, the sprt seems t prvide a gd way t run away frm the busy city life. It als gives them a strnger sense f being part f the natural envirnment. Thugh the sprt cycling smetimes csts a lt, many cyclists think spending mney n their wn bdies is mre valuable than n ther items. Mre peple take part in cycling as cities in China are als planning t build mre cycle-nly lanes （车道）. Several years ag, Beijing started building the city’s first cycle-nly lane. Since its pening, the lane has seen a larger daily traffic flw. Such lanes are als being built in sme ther cities.
29. Which f the fllwing sentences is the mst suitable fr the blank （空格） in Paragraph 2?
A. Cycling has a lng histry.B. Cycling becmes a ht tpic.
C. Cycling csts a lt f mney.D. Cycling brings several advantages.
30. The underlined wrd “demand” in Paragraph 3 means ________.
A. needB. planC. designD. talent
31. What’s the purpse f this passage?
A. It advises cities t build cycling lanes.
B. It shws the sales f cycling are ging up.
C. It intrduces cycling is becming ppular.
D. It recmmends gd cycling rutes t peple.
【答案】29. B 30. A 31. C
【导语】本文主要介绍了随着越来越多的人关心自己的健康，他们对户外运动的需求也越来越强烈，人们开始骑自行车，骑自行车变得越来越受欢迎。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据“On Xiahngshu, there are mre than 2.5 millin psts （帖子） abut cycling...”可知本段主要介绍了骑自行车非常受欢迎，选项B“骑自行车成热门话题”符合语境。故选B。
【30题详解】
词义猜测题。根据“Peple turn t cycling as mre peple care abut their health and their demand fr utdr exercise becmes strnger”可知随着越来越多的人关心自己的健康，他们对户外运动的需求也越来越强烈，人们开始骑自行车，故此处划线部分意为“需求”，和need意义相近。故选A。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了随着越来越多的人关心自己的健康，他们对户外运动的需求也越来越强烈，人们开始骑自行车，骑自行车变得越来越受欢迎。故选C。
Peple 1._______
S peple are afraid f snakes and they 2.______
S snakes aren’t prtected by peple thugh they 3._______
Peple learn t fear snakes frm thers’ experiences.
The nse helps us a lt. It tells us when dinner is almst ready and leads the way t sweet cakes. It als tells us t keep away frm bad smells. But d yu knw the interesting facts abut smething that smells bad?
Fish
Yu might have nticed that fish smell unpleasant smetimes. Fish frm the cean smell the strngest. These saltwater fish have a chemical （化学物质） called TMAO. While we prepare fish fr cking, TMAO is already changing int ther things. One is called TMA. It smells super smelly. Usually, befre cks make saltwater fish a dish, they wash fish. And mst f the TMA can be washed away. Cks als add lemn t make the fish less smelly.
Feet
Ft sweat （脚汗） itself des nt have a bad smell at first. But it has fd and water that the bacteria （细菌） need. With them, the bacteria give ff sme smell. Mst shes ften keep sweat in them. That makes shes and scks warm and wet—a place where bacteria can grw. Different types f bacteria give ff different smells. That’s why feet may smell like bad vegetables, smelly eggs r ther smelly things.
Eggs
Many things smell terrible when they g bad. But a bad egg gives ff the mst famus bad smell f all and draws peple’s attentin. When an egg ges bad, the bacteria help t change the sulfur （硫） in its white part int sulfur and hydrgen （硫化氢）. And it smells really bad. The nse just warns us away frm it because t much sulfur and hydrgen will harm ur health.
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