备考2024届高考英语一轮复习课时提能练习第一部分过透教材Unit5LanguagesAroundTheWorld新人教版必修第一册

这是一份备考2024届高考英语一轮复习课时提能练习第一部分过透教材Unit5LanguagesAroundTheWorld新人教版必修第一册，共7页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空等内容，欢迎下载使用。
A
[2024辽宁本溪一模]When I mentined t sme friends that we all have accents， mst f them prudly replied， "Well， I speak perfect English/Chinese/..." But this kind f respnse misses the pint.
Mre ften than nt， what we mean when we say smene "has an accent" is that their accent is different frm the lcal ne. We’re usually talking abut prnunciatins different frm ur wn. But this definitin f accents is limiting and culd give rise t prejudice. Every persn speaks with an accent. It is the regular differences in hw we prduce sunds that define ur accents. Even if yu dn’t hear it yurself， yu speak with sme srt f accent. In this sense， it’s pintless t pint ut that smene "has an accent". We all d！
Every persn speaks a dialect（方言）， t. A dialect is a versin f a language that is characterized by its variatins f structures， phrases and wrds. Fr instance， "Yu gt eat r nt？" （ meaning "Have yu eaten？"）is an acceptable and understd questin in Singapre Oral English. The fact that this expressin wuld cause a standard American English speaker t take pause desn’t mean that Singapre Oral English is "wrng" r "ungrammatical". The sentence is well-frmed and easy t understand， accrding t native Singapre English speakers’ slid system f grammar. Why shuld it be wrng just because it’s different？
We need t mve beynd a narrw cnceptin f accents and dialects — fr the benefit f everyne. Language differences like these prvide insights int peple’s cultural experiences and backgrunds. In a glbal age， the way ne speaks is a distinct part f ne’s identity. Mst peple wuld be happy t talk abut the cultures behind their speech. We’d learn mre abut the wrld we live in and make friends alng the way.
本文主要讲述了口音指的是什么、口音存在的普遍性以及口音的价值所在。
【词语积累】 limiting adj. 局限的，限制的，限制性的 give rise t使发生，引起 pintless adj. 无意义的 cnceptin n. 理解
1. What des the authr think f his friends’ respnse in paragraph 1？
A. It reflects their self-cnfidence.
B. It reflects their language levels.
C. It misses the pint f cmmunicatin.
D. It misses the real meaning f accents.
解析 D 细节理解题。由第一段中的"Well， I speak perfect English/Chinese/..."和第二段中的"what we mean when we say smene... frm the lcal ne"可知，作者的朋友的回答很明显误解了"口音"的真正含义，故D项正确。
2. Why des the authr use the example f Singapre Oral English？
A. T justify the use f dialects.
B. T shw the diversity f dialects.
C. T crrect a grammatical mistake.
D. T highlight a traditinal apprach.
解析 A 推理判断题。举例一般是为了说明上文中提到的较为抽象或晦涩的概念。例子是针对"A dialect is a versin f a language that is characterized by its variatins f structures， phrases and wrds"而举的，再结合第三段最后一句可推知，A项正确。
3. What des the authr recmmend us t d in the last paragraph？
A. Learn t speak ur lcal dialect.
B. Seek fr an fficial definitin f accents.
C. Appreciate the value f accents and dialects.
D. Distinguish ur lcal languages frm thers’.
解析 C 推理判断题。由最后一段中的"Language differences like these prvide insights int ... make friends alng the way"可知，语言的差异会让我们了解人们的文化经历和背景，了解我们居住的世界，并帮助我们结交朋友。由此可以推断，作者建议我们要懂得欣赏口音和方言的价值，故C项正确。
4. What can be a suitable title fr this passage？
A. Everyne Has an Accent
B. Accents Enhance Our Identity
C. Dialects Lead t Misunderstanding
D. Standard English Is at Risk
解析 A 标题归纳题。本文第一段引出口音这个话题；第二段讲述了对口音的正确理解，并指出每个人都有口音；第三段讲到了每个人都会讲方言，并以新加坡英语口语为例说明使用方言是正当的；第四段讲到了口音和方言的价值所在，并鼓励读者学会欣赏口音和方言，故A项"每个人都有口音"适合做本文的标题。
B
[中华文化/2023宁夏银川质量检测]Fr the past three decades， Richard Sears has been dedicated t ne thing： telling the stries behind Chinese characters.
His interest in Chinese language and characters dates back t 1972， when he was a 22-year-ld physics majr at Prtland State University in Oregn. He said， "I realized nly 7 percent f the wrld speaks English as a mther tngue. I wndered what it was like t speak anther language." By 1990， Sears had already been a fluent Chinese speaker， but he did nt knw hw t read. T Sears， the characters were cmplex with many strkes（笔画） and almst n apparent lgic.
Sears said， "I am a physicist， s I dn’t like blind memrizatin in learning languages. I knew that Chinese characters came frm pictgraphs（象形文字） and I wanted t knw the stries behind them." In the prcess f his study， Sears sn realized that many f the explanatins culd nt pssibly be true. T pick ut the gd nes， he decided t cmputerize the characters， and then scanned abut 96，000 ancient characters.
The database f ancient characters came int being， but he wanted t explain the step-by-step evlutin f these characters frm the riginal pictgraphs t the mdern simplified frms. He then gt his website up in 2002 and named it Chinese Etymlgy（词源）， where viewers can check fr free the evlutin f Chinese characters in varius frms. Between 2002 and 2011， the website gt 11，000 r 15，000 hits a day. Suddenly， in January， 2011， clicks t the website went up t 600，000 within ne day. Overnight he became Uncle Hanzi， a nickname given by Chinese netizens， after ne f them shared his website n Chinese scial media.
Besides the website， in September last year， Sears set up his studi， which fcuses n applying AR， animatin and artificial intelligence t telling stries f Chinese culture and character rigins， in Nanjing as part f the lcal authrity’s plan t cultivate talent in the culture sectr. "They have bth entertainment value fr the yung and educatinal value， and can teach the rigins f Chinese characters. We als want t make vides with a high educatinal value fr ther platfrms fr Chinese and freign learners f Chinese characters，" Sears said.
物理学家理查德·西尔斯多年来一直致力于一件事：讲述汉字背后的故事。
【词语积累】 be dedicated t致力于 cme int being形成 evlutin n.发展，进化，演变
1. What can we learn abut Richard Sears？
A. He has made an explratin int Chinese characters.
B. He learned Chinese t imprve his physics.
C. He was fluent in reading Chinese frm the beginning.
D. He was cncerned abut the spread f his mther tngue.
解析 A 细节理解题。由第一段和第四段可知，他多年来一直在探索研究汉字，故A项正确。
2. What des the underlined wrd "nes" in Paragraph 3 refer t？
A. Characters.B. Explanatins.
C. Pictgraphs.D. Languages.
解析 B 代词指代题。结合行文时话题的一致性、行文逻辑的流畅性可知，nes指代的名词表示复数意义，且出现在上一句中，所以B项正确。
3. What can be inferred abut Sears’ website？
A. It gained ppularity shrtly after its establishment.
B. It has made a big prfit frm netizens’ visiting it.
C. It cncentrates n the simplificatin f Chinese characters.
D. It has built a bridge between the evlutin f Chinese characters and the public.
解析 D 推理判断题。由第四段中的"Between 2002 and ne f them shared his website n Chinese scial media"可知，他的网站点击量不小，被中国网友分享到社交媒体上后，点击量飞速上涨，由此可推知，他的网站在汉字的演变与公众之间架起了桥梁，故D项正确。
4. Which f the fllwing can best describe Richard Sears？
A. Ambitius and humrus.
B. Wise but careless.
C. Enthusiastic and devted.
D. Generus but stubbrn.
解析 C 推理判断题。他多年来对汉字的兴趣不减反增，不仅建立了研究汉字的网站，还成立了利用高科技研究汉字的工作室，由此可知，他对汉字非常感兴趣并且投入大量的人力、物力和财力，故C项正确。
二、七选五
Yu’re prbably familiar with the Nrth American spelling f the wrd "airplane". Hwever， if yu’ve ever been n an internatinal flight leaving the United States and ging t anther English-speaking cuntry like the United Kingdm， yu’ve prbably nticed that there are a few differences between the American and British spellings f wrds with the same meaning. 1 . The American English spelling is "airplane" while the British English spelling is "aerplane". S， why des this happen？
Let’s lk at the rt f the phenmenn. 2 . "British English has a general tendency t favur spellings and wrds that remind peple f French， but American English， when it has deviated（背离） frm what British English des， ften changes int the directin f seeming less French，" says Lynne Murphy， authr f The Prdigal Tngue：The Lve-Hate Relatinship Between American and British English.
3 . Aerplane is n exceptin. "We’re cmfrtable with ‘aer’ in scientific terms， but as planes became mre cmmn things t talk abut， the ‘aer’ seemed t fancy，" explains Murphy. "In Scientific American in 1906， there was already a claim： 4 . Ten years later， ‘airplane’ was adpted by the Natinal Advisry Cmmittee fr Aernautics as their term. It was cnsidered in the United Kingdm， but that suggestin didn’t g anywhere."
There’s a gd reasn why wrds that mean the same thing are spelled differently， and why that will cntinue t happen. " 5 ， and peple are generally prud f it， s they cntinue t spell differently，" says Murphy.
A. Every cuntry has different culture
B. Yur spelling tells peple where yu’re frm
C. The wrd "airplane" happens t be an example
D. Airplane is a much better wrd than aerplane
E. American English and British English have similar histrical rigins
F. There’s a lt f histry that ges beynd wrds and dives deep int plitics， gvernment， and science
G. A lt f wrds in the English language are brrwed frm ther languages， like Latin， Greek， and French
本文是说明文，以美式英语中的airplane和英式英语中的aerplane在拼写上的差异为例讲述了英美语言中拼写差异的形成原因。
1.C C项是针对"there are a few differences between the American and British spellings f wrds with the same meaning"举的例子，且与"The American English spelling is ‘airplane’ while the British English spelling is‘aerplane’"衔接紧密。
2.G G项与段落第一句中的the rt吻合。
3.F 段落中双引号中的内容是对F项中的"histry that ges beynd wrds and dives deep int plitics， gvernment， and science"的具体诠释。
4.D D项与"Ten years later， ‘airplane’ was adpted..."之间存在因果关系。
5.B B项是人们的骄傲所在。空后句子中的it指代B项。
三、完形填空
[中华文化/2024安徽合肥联考]"When I first started learning calligraphy， I just cpied the teacher’s strkes（笔画）， and my wrk was ugly，" said Aryan frm Afghanistan. He is currently a graduate student in Beijing， 1 in Internatinal Educatin f the Chinese Language.
During his six-year stay in China， he discvered the 2 f Chinese culture. He als realized that Chinese is steadily becming a（n） 3 language， and mre peple arund the wrld want t cmmunicate smthly in Chinese.
T his surprise， the curriculum fr freign students in China 4 the classrm. The schl rganizes extracurricular 5 t help them learn and experience 6 and culture. After clser and deeper 7 with Chinese culture， Aryan fund his hbby： calligraphy.
"Initially， I didn’t knw much Chinese and thught calligraphy wuld be difficult，" Aryan said. "Later n， I fund ut that calligraphy can help me 8 my Chinese language skills and my understanding f Chinese culture."
He used t 9 the idea that writing Chinese characters was all abut writing them neatly. But he later fund ut that this view is 10 .Calligraphy helps him t understand bth each strke and the Chinese 11 tward life. The hrizntal， vertical（垂直的）， left and right falling strkes n the paper 12 Chinese peple’s unique symbls and memries. They are als the hidden 13 t better understanding Chinese culture.
Nt nly did Aryan gain a deeper 14 f Chinese characters， but he als develped a mre mature persnality alng the way. Calligraphy gives him strength when he feels 15 and lst， helping him find his inner peace.
本文是一篇记叙文。Aryan是一名身在北京的研究生，他爱上了中文书法并在学习书法过程中得到一些关于汉字和中国文化的感悟。
1. A. majringB. settling
C. bringingD. resulting
解析 A "He is currently a graduate student"指出他是研究生，所以此处说的是他主修汉语国际教育，故选A。
2.A. prblemB. pattern
C. richnessD. resurce
解析 C 由下文提到的他对书法的感悟可知，在中国的六年里，他发现了中国文化的丰富多彩，故选C。
3. A. nativeB. fficial
C. internatinalD. frmal
解析 C 由下文中的"mre peple arund the wrld want t cmmunicate smthly in Chinese"可知，世界上越来越多的人希望用汉语进行顺畅的交流，这说明汉语正在稳步成为一门国际语言，故选C。
4. A. ges againstB. takes up
C. takes verD. ges beynd
解析 D "The schl rganizes extracurricular..."表明，针对外国学生的课程不局限于课堂上，故选D。
5. A. cnferencesB. activities
C. subjectsD. cmpetitins
解析 B 此处指学校组织课外活动，应用activities，故选B。
6. A. ecnmyB. life
C. wrkD. pleasure
解析 B 此处指的是体验生活和文化，故选B。
7. A. successB. cntent
C. cmbinatinD. cntact
解析 D 此处说的是经过深入接触中国文化，Aryan发现了自己的爱好：书法，故选D。
8. A. imprveB. recgnize
C. adjustD. find
解析 A Aryan发现书法可以帮助他提升汉语水平和对中国文化的了解，故选A。
9. A. hldB. ppse
C. breakD. suspect
解析 A 此处说的是"他曾经认为写汉字只要写得整齐就行"，故选A，hld the idea that...表示"认为……，持……观点"。
10. A. psitiveB. cntradictry
C. wrngD. bjective
解析 C 结合But可知，Aryan发现他之前的观点是错误的，故选C。
11. A. directinB. step
C. attitudeD. effrt
解析 C 此处说的是"书法帮助他理解每一笔和中国人的生活态度"，故选C项，attitude tward...表示"对……的态度"。
12. A. supplyB. represent
C. senseD. recall
解析 B 此处说的是"纸上的横、竖、撇、捺代表了中国人独特的符号和记忆"，故选B，represent表示"代表"。
13. A. respnsesB. admissins
C. reactinsD. keys
解析 D the key t表示"……的关键/要诀"。
14. A. functinB. ability
C. frmD. knwledge
解析 D 此处说的是"Aryan不仅对中国汉字有了更深入的了解……"，故选D。
15. A. stressedB. inspired
C. determinedD. interrupted
解析 A 当他感到焦虑和失落时，书法给他力量，帮他找到内心的平静。stressed表示"焦虑的"，符合语境。