备考2024届高考英语一轮复习讲义第一部分过透教材Unit5TheValueofMoney新人教版必修第三册

这是一份备考2024届高考英语一轮复习讲义第一部分过透教材Unit5TheValueofMoney新人教版必修第三册，共7页。

Wearing ld blue jeans and a lse T-shirt， Gary walked by a tailr’s shp byaccident when he wasabutt g hme. After sptting a business suit in the windw， he had the intentin t g in t have a lk. Hwever， the shp assistant frwned at Gary inan extremely unpleasant manner and tld him they didn’t make the srt f suit any mre. Asamatterffact， he felt a little uncmfrtable then. Hesitating fr a while， he asked t try anther suit， but was just ignred. Then he knew he was judged by what he was wearing. The next day he went straight t the shp， dressed mre prperly. This time， the assistant was perfectly willing t receive him， intrducing a brad range f suits with great patience. Hwever， Gary said， "I bet yu didn’t recgnize me. Tbehnest， I’m the guy yu treated badly yesterday. Yu indeed hurt me t sme extent." The assistant blushed with shame，aplgising fr his neglect f duty. Eventually， the shp wner said， "T make up fr yur unpleasant experience， please permit me t ffer yu a permanent discunt. Our best tailr will serve yu here fr free incase yu want t have yur suit maintained." Inreturn， Gary said he accepted the aplgy and wuld make a suit there. What wuld yu d if yu were inthatcase？
1 aplgise（aplgize）vi.道歉；谢罪
1.We ught t aplgise t ur custmers fr the pr quality f the ty dinsaurs they bught.
2.[北师选必③－8]Even thugh I frgive yu persnally，fr the sake f the hnur f my family I cannt accept yur aplgy （aplgise）.
3.I am terribly srry fr the fact that I cannt g ut with yu this weekend.（告知信）
→①I we yu an aplgy fr the fact that I cannt g ut with yu this weekend.（aplgy）
→②I aplgise t yu fr the fact that I cannt g ut with yu this weekend.（aplgise）
4.无论如何，我为我的过错给你带来的不便再次道歉，希望你能理解我的处境并原谅我。
（道歉信）
Anyway， I aplgise again fr any incnvenience caused by my fault ， and I d hpe yu can understand my situatin and frgive me.
2 judgevt.&vi.评价（尤指批评）；裁判；判断 vt.审判 n.法官；裁判员
1. Judging （judge） by the rate f the develpment f lunar explratin， it is certain that China will successfully cmplete the three stages f the prgram.
点拨
judging by/frm...放在句首作状语时，其逻辑主语与句子的主语可以不一致，且动词-ing形式不受主语影响，为独立成分。类似的表达还有：generally speaking一般来说，frankly speaking坦率地说，cnsidering...考虑到……，等等。
2.As the saying ges， "Dn’t judge a bk by its cver." Our judg（e）ment（s） （judge） shuld be based n facts.
点拨
judge变名词形式时，结尾的e可以保留也可以去掉，然后再加-ment。
3.如果您能作为裁判出席周五的比赛，我将不胜感激。（邀请信）
I wuld appreciate it if yu culd attend the cntest as a judge n Friday.
3 spt（sptted，sptted，sptting）vt.看见；注意到 n.地点；斑点；污迹；一点
1.Neighburs sptted smke cming （cme） ut f the huse.
2.James was called t see the prducer and gt the jb n the spt.
3.I bet anther persn will slip at the spt where I did dwnstairs.
4.He shwed me the exact spt that/which he thught was the best place t play the scene f the pera.
点拨
spt后接定语从句时：若关系词在从句中作地点状语，关系词要用where；若作主语或宾语则用that/which。有类似用法的名词还有case，pint，situatin，stage，psitin，scene等。
5.The climate here is mild and pleasant， which makes it ne f the mst ppular turist/scenic spts （使它成为最受欢迎的旅游景点之一）.（景点介绍）
6.We lay n the grass， staring at the night sky sptted with （凝望着布满……的夜空） twinkling stars. （读后续写之景色描写）
4 patiencen.耐心；忍耐力；毅力
1.Peple have lst patience with the slw pace f the cnstructin f the skyscraper， which keeps making lud nises even in the evening.
2.The father is s patient that whenever his children make mistakes， he is willing t tell them with patience and never shuts at them impatiently . （patience）
3.我们的英语老师不仅知识渊博，对我们也很有耐心。每当我们遇到不会的问题，她总是耐心地给我们讲解。（人物描写）
Our English teacher is nt nly knwledgeable， but als patient with us — she always explains patiently/with patience every time we cme acrss prblems. （nt als...）
5 hesitatevi.犹豫；迟疑；顾虑
1.[外研必修③－2]She’s usually very shy， but she’s generus and never hesitates t help （help）.
2.[译林选必①－4] Peple with the impressin that petry is difficult t understand ften hesitate abut/ver reading petry.
3.如果你需要更多的信息或帮助，请尽管与我联系。（告知信）
→①If yu require further infrmatin r assistance， please d nt hesitate t cntact me . （hesitate）
→②If yu require further infrmatin r assistance， please cntact me withut hesitatin . （hesitatin）
6 permitvt.&vi.（permitted，permitted，permitting）允许，准许（allw）；使有可能 n.许可证
1.[人教选必①－4]Fr example， in many Middle Eastern cuntries， men and wmen are nt scially permitted t make （make） eye cntact.
2.[北师必修③－7]Sme think it is a crime if dne withut a prperty wner’s permissin （permit）， while thers see this as a rich frm f nn-traditinal cultural expressin.
3.The library desn’t permit carrying （carry） fd in case it leaves spts n bks.
4.If weather permits， the cmpetitin t be held in ur schl stadium will begin at 2 pm and last fr rughly 3 hurs.（通知）
Weather permitting ， the cmpetitin t be held in ur schl stadium will begin at 2 pm and last fr rughly 3 hurs.（独立主格）
7 inreturn作为回报；作为回应
1.[人教选必④－3]African ryal families sent gifts such as giraffes as gestures f friendship in return fr gld， silk， and spices.
点拨
gesture此处意为"（表明感情或意图的）姿态，表示"。句意：非洲王室送来长颈鹿等礼物作为友谊的象征，以换取黄金、丝绸和香料。
2.Unlike printed bks， which must be checked ut and returned t a physical library miles frm where yu live， bk files can be dwnladed at hme.
3.[人教选必①－5]This affects the crps grwn n the land and， in turn， the animals and humans wh digest them.
4.During the summer vacatin， teachers in ur schl were n duty by turns.
5.[人教选必④－3]Henry Nrman Bethune devted his life and prfessin t helping peple withut expecting anything in return （帮助人们，不期望任何回报）.
点拨
devte sth. t （ding）sth.把……用于（做）某事，其中t是介词，其后的动词要用-ing形式。
8 byaccident偶然地；意外地（bychance）
1.[外研必修③－4]His[Han Gan’s] artistic talent was discvered by accident when he was sent t the pet Wang Wei’s huse t cllect payment fr sme wine.
2.Indeed， I did it n purpse t sme extent. He needed t knw his fault.
3.他们不小心打碎了花瓶，那是他们妈妈最爱的一只。
They brke the vase by accident/by chance/accidentally ， which was their mther’s favrite ne.
9 incase以防；以防万一
1.[北师必修①－2]Wear glves and muth guards in case smething happens （以防有事发生）.
2. In case f emergency （如遇紧急情况）， break the glass and press the buttn.
点拨
in case和in case f都表示"以防，万一"。不同的是，in case作连词，其后跟句子；而in case f为介词短语，其后跟名词。
3.I knw yu are ccupied with yur schlwrk， but yu have t have a rest in any case （无论如何你都必须休息一下）.
4.I culd never have gt the prize withut yur timely help with my spken English.（感谢信）
→ In n case culd I have gt the prize withut yur timely help with my spken English.（in n case，倒装）
5.根据天气预报，明天多云，我们最好带上雨伞，以防万一。（告知信）
Accrding t the weather frecast， it shuld be cludy tmrrw， and we’d better take umbrellas with us just in case .
点拨
in case除了作连词，引导状语从句外，还可以作副词，单独使用。
10 否定副词/词组＋部分倒装
1. Nwhere else can yu find （别处你找不到） such an ancient building with such delicate design and s lng a histry.
2.我们不仅放松了，还对劳动有了更好的了解。（活动感想）
Nt nly are we relaxed ， but we have gained a better understanding f labr. （nt nly，倒装）
3.我们刚到山顶，雪就下起来了。
→① Hardly had we reached the tp f the muntain when the snw began t cme dwn. （倒装句）
→② N sner had we reached the tp f the muntain than the snw began t cme dwn. （n 倒装句）
点拨
注意在nt （als）...， ， n 结构中，表示否定的nt nly， hardly， n sner置于句首时，其后的句子要倒装，但but（als），when，than后的句子要用正常语序。
词根-tent-/-tend-/-tens-
本单元：ex-（向外）＋-tent-（延伸）→伸展到的结果→extent 程度；限度；大小；范围
in-（向内）＋-tent-（延伸）＋-in（动作、状态或结果）→向内延伸的结果→intentin 意图；打算；计划；目的
拓展：
从[构词示例]中选择适当的单词，并用其正确形式填空。
1.[译林选必②－1]Fire engines and ambulances， called at 9：30 p.m.， reached the scene within 15 minutes. By this time， the fire had extended t the 15th flr.
点拨
句意：晚上9点30分呼叫的消防车和救护车于15分钟之内赶到了现场。此时，大火已蔓延至15楼。空处表示"过去的过去"，故用过去完成时。
2.[人教必修①－3]In sprts， there is n use pretending t fall dwn r be hurt， because in the end， the audience will see thrugh it.
点拨
there/it is n use ding sth.做某事没有用处。
3.[人教必修①－2]I want t experience sme Chinese culture and see the natural beauty there，but my main gal is t find ut which university is the best fr me t attend .
4.[外研选必①－1]I walk thrugh the drs int the waiting area， where there’s a familiar atmsphere f bredm and tensin .
5.[北师必修②－6]It is imprtant t understand the emtins，behaviurs and intentins f characters in a stry.
点拨
根据空前and可知，空处与emtins和behaviurs并列，故也应用名词。intentin表示"打算，意图，目的"。
★aplgise（t sb.） fr （ding）sth. 因（做）某事（向某人）道歉
★aplgy n.道歉
make an aplgy t sb. fr sth.因某事向某人道歉
we sb. an aplgy应向某人道歉
★根据……评判……
as far as I can judge据我判断
judging frm/by...根据……判断
★judg（e）mentn.看法；判决；判断力
★spt sth./sb. ding sth.看到某物/某人正在做某事
be sptted with...布满……
★n the spt/scene当场；在现场
turist spts/scenic spts旅游景点
★with patience耐心地
have the patience t d sth.有耐心做某事
be/run ut f patience with...不耐烦……
lse patience with...对……失去耐心
★patient adj.有耐心的；能忍耐的n.病人
be patient with sb./sth.对……有耐心
★patiently （＝with patience）adv.耐心地
impatiently adv.没有耐心地
★hesitate t d sth.不愿意做某事，迟疑做某事
hesitate abut/ver （ding）sth.对（做）某事犹豫不决
★hesitatin n.犹豫，疑虑
withut hesitatin毫不犹豫
★permit ding sth.允许做某事
permit sb. t d sth.允许某人做某事
★a residence/parking permit居住/停车许可证
★permissin n.准许，批准；许可证
with ne’s permissin经某人许可
withut permissin未经许可
★in return fr sth.作为对……的回报/回应
return 从……返回到……
return sth. t sb.把某物还给某人
return t...恢复/重新开始做……
★in turn转而，相应地；依次，轮流
by turns轮流；交替
take turns t d sth.轮流做某事
★"偶然，意外"的其他表达：
by chance； accidentally
★"故意，有意"的常用表达：
by design； n purpse； deliberately
★in case f （n./v-ing）如果；以防
in sme cases某些情况下
in any case无论如何；不管怎样
in that case既然那样
in n case决不（位于句首时，句子需要用部分倒装语序）
as is ften the case 这是常有的事
★当具有否定意义的词语位于句首时，句子要用部分倒装语序：否定词＋助动词/情态动词＋主语＋动词原形＋其他。
★表示否定意义的词语
全部否定意义副词：nt，never，neither，nr， nwhere
部分否定意义副词：seldm， hardly， rarely， little， scarcely
表示"绝不"的短语：in n way， by n means， at n time， n n cnditin， under n circumstances， n n accunt等