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仁爱科普版九年级上册Topic 1 Pollution has causes too many problems.优秀随堂练习题
展开一、根据汉语提示填空
1.Playing cmputer games is just a (浪费) f time.
【答案】waste
【解析】句意:玩电脑游戏就是浪费时间。根据汉语提示可知本题考查单词waste“浪费”,名词,a waste f“浪费”符合语境,故填waste。
2.My mther was very angry when she saw her rm in a (乱七八糟).
【答案】mess
【解析】句意:我妈妈看到她的房间一团糟,非常生气。“乱七八糟”mess,in a mess“混乱,一团糟”,固定搭配。故填mess。
3.Street dance is a mixture f (几个,数个) frms f dance frm different times and cuntries.
【答案】several
【解析】句意:街舞是来自不同时代、不同国家的几种舞蹈形式的混合体。根据汉语提示“几个,数个”可知,其对应的英文表达是several。故填several。
4.Lk! The black smke is (污染) the air. We shuld stp it.
【答案】plluting
【解析】句意:看!黑烟正在污染空气。我们应该阻止它。根据汉语提示可知此处应用动词“pllute”,根据“Lk!”及“is”可知句子为现在进行时,动词需变为现在分词“plluting”。故填plluting。
5.In ur daily life, we prduce lts f (废弃物).
【答案】waste
【解析】句意:在日常生活中,我们产生了大量的废弃物。waste“废弃物”,不可数名词,作宾语。故填waste。
二、根据句意及音标填空
6.It takes him [ˈsevrəl] days t get there.
【答案】several
【解析】句意:他花了好几天才到那里。根据音标“[ˈsevrəl]”可知,此处是several,意为“几个”,故填several。
7.Dn’t /weɪst/. Give up thse wasteful habit.
【答案】waste
【解析】句意:不要浪费。放弃那些浪费的习惯。本句是否定祈使句,需用原形动词;根据句意语境和音标提示,可知填waste。
三、根据首字母填空
8.T avid w fd, ur schl held a “Clear Yur Plate” activity.
【答案】(w)asting
【解析】句意:为了避免浪费食物,我们学校举办了“光盘行动”活动。根据“Clear Yur Plate”可知是为了避免浪费食物,waste“浪费”,动词,avid ding sth“避免做某事”,为固定短语,故填(w)asting。
9.Cindy, yur rm is in a m . Yu shuld tidy it up.
【答案】(m)ess
【解析】句意:辛迪,你的房间太乱了。你应该整理一下。根据“Yu shuld tidy it up.”推知,房间一团糟;结合首字母提示,应填mess;in a mess“乱七八糟,一团糟”。故填(m)ess。
10.The river smells bad. The villagers have p it with much litter.
【答案】(p)lluted
【解析】句意:这条河闻起来很臭。村民们用大量垃圾污染了它。根据句中“The river smells bad…with much litter”及首字母提示可知,这里指污染了河流,“污染”为pllute,是动词;又根据句中助动词have可知,该句为现在完成时,其结构为“have/has+动词过去分词”,pllute过去分词为plluted,故填(p)lluted。
11.She has failed her exam again. What a s !
【答案】(s)hame
【解析】句意:她又没通过考试。真遗憾!根据前句“She has failed her exam again.”结合首字母提示可知此处应用名词“shame”表示“让人遗憾的事”。故填(s)hame。
12.If the trees fall that way, it will d the huse.
【答案】(d)estry
【解析】句意:如果树木以那种方式倒下,它将会毁坏这所房子。根据“If the trees fall that way”和首字母提示可知,一旦树倒下了,树就会毁坏这所房子,此处指的是destry“毁坏”,动词,will后接动词原形。故填(d)estry。
13.The v lied t the plice t save his wn life.
【答案】(v)illager
【解析】句意:那个村民为了救自己的命对警察撒了谎。根据句子结构可知此处应用名词作主语,结合首字母提示可知应用“villager”表示“村民”;根据后面的“t save his wn life”可知主语应是单数。故填(v)illager。
14.All the v living cnditins have changed greatly in recent years.
【答案】(v)illagers’
【解析】句意:近年来,所有村民的生活条件都发生了很大变化。根据“All cnditins have changed greatly in recent years.”可知此处指村民们的生活条件,villager表示“村民”,all后接复数,此处用名词’s格表所属关系。故填(v)illagers’。
四、根据汉语及首字母填空
15.It seems such a w (浪费) t thrw gd fd away.
【答案】(w)aste
【解析】句意:把好的食物扔掉似乎太浪费了。根据“such a w…”可知空格处缺少名词单数,“浪费”对应英文单词waste,故填(w)aste。
五、单项选择
16.I’m very lucky because my hbby has brught me ________ and success.
A.trustB.shameC.trubleD.pleasure
【答案】D
【解析】句意:我很幸运,因为我的爱好给我带来了快乐和成功。
考查名词辨析。trust信任;shame羞愧;truble麻烦;pleasure快乐。根据“my hbby has brught success”可知爱好应该是给自己带来快乐,故选D。
17.Jimmy is cnfident abut the cming cmpetitin, fr he has ________ a lt f time preparing fr it.
A.madeB.wastedC.fundD.spent
【答案】D
【解析】句意:吉米对即将到来的比赛充满信心,因为他花了很多时间做准备。
考查动词辨析。made制作;wasted浪费;fund找到;spent花费。根据“…a lt f time preparing fr it.”可知,表示花费时间准备比赛,句型为:主语+spend+时间+ding sth。故选D。
18.We usually thrw away ld things. Hwever, an art exhibitin prves that ________ things can be helpful if yu have a creative mind.
A.wasteB.uglyC.valuable
【答案】A
【解析】句意:我们通常扔掉旧东西。然而,一个艺术展览证明,如果你有创造性的头脑,浪费的东西会有帮助。
考查形容词辨析。waste废弃的;ugly丑陋的;valuable有价值的。根据“We usually thrw away ld things”可知扔掉的废弃的东西也可能有帮助。故选A。
19.Mr. Brwn bught a few Chinese bks yesterday.
A.a littleB.littleC.severalD.a bit
【答案】C
【解析】句意:昨天布朗先生买了几本汉语书。
考查形容词作定语。a little有一些,修饰不可数名词;little,少量的,几乎没有,修饰不可数名词;several几个,修饰复数名词;a bit稍微,有点儿,副词。a few表示一些,修饰可数名词复数Chinese bks,与several意思相近。故选C。
20.— Can I take my mbile phne t schl, mm? I prmise I will turn if ff in class.
— _______! It is nt allwed. Yu knw the schl rules, Betty.
A.N wayB.Here it isC.That’s a shameD.It’s amazing
【答案】A
【解析】句意:——妈妈,我可以把手机带到学校去吗?我保证上课时我会把它关机。——不行!这是不被允许的。贝蒂,你知道学校的纪律的。
考查交际用语。N way不行;Here it is给你;That’s a shame真遗憾;It’s amazing太神奇了。根据“It is nt allwed.”可知,学校规定不能带手机,因此应作否定回答N way“不行,没门儿”。故选A。
21.Many buildings in the city need repairing, but the ne ________ first is the library.
A.repairedB.being repairedC.repairingD.t be repaired
【答案】D
【解析】句意:城市里许多建筑物都需要修理,但是首先需要修理的是图书馆。
考查动词不定式的被动式。根据“Many buildings in the city need repairing”可知,城市里许多建筑物将要被修理,故用动词不定式表将来;空格前the ne指代“the building”,故the ne与动词repair之间是被动关系,此处应用动词不定式的被动式t be dne形式,作后置定语。故选D。
22.Lk! There are sme bys ________ n the playgrund.
A.play ftballB.are playing ftball
C.playing ftballD.plays ftball
【答案】C
【解析】句意:看!操场上有一些男孩在踢足球。
考查非谓语动词。play ftball踢足球,此处作后置定语,修饰名词bys,被修饰词bys与play ftball之间是主动关系,因此用现在分词。故选C。
23.―What ________ t yur hmetwn in recent years?
―There are many new tall buildings.
A.was happenedB.happenedC.have happenedD.has happened
【答案】D
【解析】句意:——你的家乡近几年发生了什么?——有许多新的高楼。
考查动词时态。根据“in recent years”可知,本句用现在完成时态,排除AB选项;主语是单数,因此用has happened。故选D。
24.The ________ teacher’s wife is wrking in a ________ factry.
A.chemical; chemistryB.chemistry; chemical
C.chemical; chemicalD.chemistry; chemistry
【答案】B
【解析】句意:化学老师的妻子在一家化工厂工作。
考查名词及形容词的用法。根据“The ... teacher’s wife”可知此处指“化学老师的妻子”,chemistry意为“化学”,名词作定语;再由“in a ... factry”可知是“在一家化工厂”,chemical“与化学有关的;化学的”,形容词作定语。故选B。
25.We must d ________ t stp different kinds f pllutin.
A.smething usefulB.useful smething
C.anything usefulD.useful anything
【答案】A
【解析】句意:我们必须做一些有用的事情来阻止各种各样的污染。
考查复合不定代词。本句是肯定句,应用smething。smething是复合不定代词,复合不定代词和形容词连用时应放在形容词之前,smething useful表示“有用的事情”,故选A。
26.—The river used t be clean. Hw des it becme dirty?
—There are many factries ________ waste water ________ it.
A.puring;inB.pur;tC.pured;intD.puring;int
【答案】D
【解析】句意:——这条河以前很干净。它是怎么变脏的?——有许多工厂向它倾倒废水。
考查短语辨析,pur倒;in在……里面;t到;int到……里面。固定句型There be+主语+ding sth,表示在某处有某人正在做着某事。根据“There are many factries … waste water … it.”,可知应该是把废水倒入河里,pur sth int sth“将某物倒入某物”。故选D。
27.Tday the frests are getting fewer and fewer. We must ________ dwn t many trees.
A.keep peple frm cutting
B.prevent peple frm cutting
C.stp peple frm cutting
D.all f the abve
【答案】D
【解析】句意:今天森林变得越来越少。我们必须阻止人们砍伐太多树木。
考查动词短语。cut dwn砍伐;keep sb frm ding sth=prevent sb frm ding sth=stp sb frm ding sth阻止某人做某事,故选D。
28.—Dn’t eat t much candy, fr it’s ________ yur teeth.
—Oh, I get it. Thank yu.
A.gd tB.gd frC.badly tD.bad fr
【答案】D
【解析】句意:——不要吃太多糖。因为它对你的牙齿有害。——哦,我知道了,谢谢你。
考查形容词短语。be gd t对……很慈善;be gd fr对……有好处;be bad fr对……有害;根据“Dn’t eat t much candy”可知,应该是因为它对你的牙齿有害,故选D。
29. A number f wild elephants are mving twards the nrth in Yunnan Prvince.
A.FewB.SeveralC.LittleD.Much
【答案】B
【解析】句意:许多野生大象正在云南向北迁移。
考查不定代词辨析。Few“几乎没有”,后跟可数名词,表示否定含义;Several几个,数个;Little“几乎没有”,后跟不可数名词,表示否定含义;Much“许多”,修饰不可数名词。此处a number f表示“许多”,修饰可数名词复数,与Several意思相近。故选B。
30.Our teacher ften tells us ________ time.
A.nt t spareB.nt t spendC.nt t waste
【答案】C
【解析】句意:我们的老师经常告诉我们不要浪费时间。
考查动词辨析。spare抽出时间,饶恕;spend花费;waste浪费。根据“time”这里表示“浪费时间”,tell sb nt t d sth“告诉某人不要做某事”,故选C。
六、完成句子
31.越来越多的人已经意识到了浪费食物是一种耻辱。
Mre and mre peple have realized that it is a shame fd.
【答案】 t waste
【解析】根据句意和题干可知,it is a shame t d sth“做某事是一种耻辱”;waste“浪费”。故填t;waste。
32.妈妈经常告诉我不要浪费食物。
Mm ften tells me nt fd.
【答案】 t waste
【解析】根据中文意思可知本题考查动词waste“浪费”;tell“告诉”,后面接动词不定式作其宾语补足语,故填t;waste。
33.你知道他们为什么砍倒那棵树吗?
D yu knw why they that tree?
【答案】 cut dwn
【解析】cut dwn“砍倒”,为固定短语。根据“D yu knw”可知本句是一般现在时,主语是they,动词用原形,故填cut;dwn。
34.为了减少空气污染,我们应该步行或乘校车上学。
t air pllutin, we shuld walk r take a schl bus t schl.
【答案】 In rder cut dwn
【解析】根据中英文对照可知,此处缺少短语in rder t“为了”和cut dwn“削减”,in rder t介词短语,表示目的,位于句首首字母需要大写,后续动词原形,故填In;rder;cut;dwn。
35.太多的工业垃圾对海洋生态系统非常有害。
T much industrial is very harmful t the sea ecsystem.
【答案】waste
【解析】根据中英文对照可知,空处应填“垃圾”。waste“垃圾”,是不可数名词。故填waste。
七、完形填空
Rani was the eldest f the fur children. Her mther’s health was becming wrse. Her father had gne t lk fr a jb in anther city, but had 36 returned.
The respnsibility(责任) f the family fell n 37 Rani. She had t g ut and wrk in tw huses befre and after schl hurs, t 38 herself and her pr family. She wuld return tiredly in the evening, ften with a(n) 39 stmach. She wuld keep the fd she was given in the huses where she wrked fr her little brthers, 40 and mther. She wuld satisfy 41 with the leftvers(吃剩的食物).
Althugh she faced many prblems, Rani’s 42 in studies didn’t disappear. As there was n electricity in her hme, Rani studied her lessns 43 the streetlight.
One evening Rani didn’t g t wrk 44 bth f her madams (主人) had gne abrad. She was happy t spend an evening with her tw brthers and a sister.
“Rani, are yu nt ging t wrk tday?” asked her little sister Pinky. It was unusual t see Rani at hme.
“N, Pinky,” said Rani happily. “I’ll stay at hme tday and 45 yu.”
Pinky sat fr a while and then said in a sft vice, “That means tday we wn’t have anything t eat.”
That made Rani very upset. She felt the respnsibility was great. She had t cheer up t live fr her pr family. She hped her mther wuld get better.
36.A.almstB.ftenC.neverD.ever
37.A.12 years ldB.12 yearsC.12-year-ldD.12-year-lds
38.A.supprtB.encurageC.fferD.prvide
39.A.bigB.smallC.fullD.empty
40.A.fatherB.sisterC.grandmtherD.grandfather
41.A.himselfB.herselfC.itselfD.themselves
42.A.interestB.dutiesC.difficultyD.bther
43.A.inB.nC.underD.at
44.A.thughB.ifC.sD.because
45.A.play withB.agree withC.laugh atD.lk at
【答案】
36.C 37.C 38.A 39.D 40.B 41.B 42.A 43.C 44.D 45.A
【文章大意】本文介绍Rani从小肩负养育家庭的重任,但对未来仍然充满希望。
36.句意:他爸爸去了另一个城市找工作,但是从来不回来。
almst几乎;ften经常;never从不;ever曾经。but前后表转折,去了另一个城市,但是从不回来。故选C。
37.句意:家庭的重任落在了十二岁的Rani身上。
12 years ld十二岁;12 years十二年;12-year-ld十二岁的;12-year-lds错误用法。此空作定语修饰名词,12-year-ld复合结构相当于形容词。故选C。
38.句意:为了养活自己和她贫穷的家庭,她不得不在上学前和放学后去两家打工。
supprt赡养;encurage鼓励;ffer提供;prvide提供。根据“herself and her pr family”可知此处指养活家人,supprt符合。故选A。
39.句意:她晚上疲惫地回家,经常饿着肚子。
big大的;small小的;full满的;empty空的。根据“She wuld keep the fd she was given in the huses where she wrked fr her little brthers”可知她为了把食物留给家人,所以自己饿着。故选D。
40.句意:她会把打工地方给的食物留着给小弟弟、妹妹和妈妈。
father爸爸;sister妹妹;grandmther奶奶;grandfather爷爷。根据“Rani was the eldest f the fur children. ”和“She was happy t spend an evening with her tw brthers and a sister.”可知此处指把食物留给弟弟妹妹。故选B。
41.句意:她会用剩菜来满足自己。
himself他自己;herself她自己;itself它自己;themselves他们自己。根据“She wuld keep the fd she was given in the huses where she wrked fr her little brthers,”可知Rani先让弟弟和妹妹吃,自己吃剩下的,主语是she,反身代词用herself。故选B。
42.句意:尽管她面对很多问题,Rani学习的兴趣没有消失。
interest兴趣;duties责任;difficulty困难;bther麻烦。根据“in studies didn’t disappear.”可知此处指学习的兴趣。故选A。
43.句意:由于她家没有电,Rani在路灯下学习课业。
in在……里;n在……上;under在下面;at在某处。根据“the streetlight”可知此处指路灯下。故选C。
44.句意:一天晚上,Rani没有去工作,因为她两个老板都去了国外。
thugh尽管;if如果;s因此;because因为。“bth f her madams (主人) had gne abrad.”是没去工作的原因。故选D。
45.句意:我今天会待在家,陪你玩。
play with和……玩;agree with同意;laugh at嘲笑;lk at看。根据“ I’ll stay at hme tday”可知Rani待在家可以和弟弟和妹妹玩。故选A。
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