2022-2023学年河南省商丘市名校联考高一（下）期末英语试卷(含详细答案解析)

这是一份2022-2023学年河南省商丘市名校联考高一（下）期末英语试卷(含详细答案解析)，共21页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，阅读七选五，完形填空，语法填空，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。

一、阅读理解：本大题共15小题，共37.5分。
A
KLUANE CHILKAT
INTERNATIONAL BIKE RELAY
February newsletter：
Greetings riders!By nw yu have been chatting with friends t rganize a team.Cnsider crss-training t get int shape-skiing snwsheing，indr riding，swimming…whatever yu fancy，they are all great ways t stay in shape and prepare fr sme lng-distance riding in May.
A reminder：
Online Registratin pens n Wednesday，March 15 ，2023，at 6：00 AM Yukn Time.Be sure t read the entire registratin page befre registering.
What's changed：
4-persn teams have been remved.
Sl（单人的） riders—Icycle Sprt，ur Partner Level Spnsr will cntinue t prvide snacks and drinks at Checkpints 3 and 5 but there is n lnger a fd / drink bag drp at the Start Line.
Team name — The registratin platfrm will nt allw duplicatin（重复） f team names.Yurs needs t be riginal.
E-bikes are allwed n 8-persn teams.The team des nt need t cnsist entirely f e-bikes.
2023 Registratin fees：
NEW!Early bird registratin fee：（ March 15—22，2023）＄ 85 per rider fr a team.
Regular registratin fee：（March 23—April 12，2023）＄ 95 per rider fr a team.
Other updates：
The itinerary（行程），Relay Infrmatin，Race Rules，and Registratin are nw updated and psted.Visit ？Please email inf@kcibr.rg.
1.When will the internatinal bike relay be held？ ______
A. In February.B. In March.C. In April.D. In May.
2.What is required f team racers？ ______
A. They shuld have an riginal team name.
B. They shuld bring fd themselves.
C. They shuld register in persn.
D. They shuld ride e-bikes.
3.Hw much shuld a 2-persn team pay if they register n March 24？ ______
A. ＄ 85.B. ＄ 95.C. ＄ 170.D. ＄ 190.
B
Daniel，at age 17，is a student supprt captain at Armidale High Schl，a mtivatinal speaker and a published authr.He als has autism（自闭症），smething he says desn't define him but inspires him.
At just six mnths ld Daniel had a strke（中风） that left him physically impaired（受损的），unable t bear weight in his legs r mve the left side f his bdy.Unable t walk and in a wheelchair until he was six years ld，Daniel turned t bks and culd read fluently at age fur.
Accrding t the Autism Assciatin f Western Australia，it is estimated that ne in 100 peple in Australia have autism.In 2018，there were 205，200 Australians with autism，a 25.1 percent increase frm 164，000 in 2015.
The idea f writing a bk had been in Daniel's mind fr as lng as he culd remember."It's been ne f my lng-term gals and I feel very passinate and happy abut ding it，"he said.With Mum's help，Cracked As A Crab was brn，the stry f Chip，a crab wh has autism and uses humur t make friends."The respnse t it has been very psitive.Peple are happy and excited fr me，"Jacb said.
Nw a published authr，Danel has plans t write mre bks.Nt cntent with sitting idle（无所事事） while mst students are studying fr their exams，Daniel is busy invlving thers in his rle as student supprt captain.He saw a gap in student supprt leaders within his schl and wanted students with autism t be included.He is determined t have a lng and successful career，and wants t inspire ther peple living with autism t achieve their dreams.
4.What happened t Daniel when he was 6？ ______
A. He started t read.
B. He was able t walk.
C. He suffered a serius strke.
D. He experienced a sudden weight gain.
5.What d we knw abut the bk Cracked As A Crab？ ______
A. It has wn psitive recgnitin.
B. It was finished by Daniel independently.
C. It is based n Daniel's persnal experiences.
D. It received financial supprt frm Daniel's friends.
6.What might Daniel d after publishing his bk？ ______
A. Prepare fr his exams.
B. Cntinue writing bks.
C. Learn frm ther student supprt leaders.
D. Prvide autistic students with career advice.
7.What is a suitable title fr the text？ ______
A. Mre Autistic Students Serve as Supprt Leaders.
B. Mum Turns t Writing t Supprt Her Autistic Child.
C. High Schl Pays Mre Attentin t Autistic Students.
D. Teenager Authr with Autism Inspires Other Autistic Students.
C
Accrding t a new study described by researchers as a glbal breakthrugh，plants are nt as silent as we nce thught they were.They d make sunds，particularly when injured r stressed——just nt nes that we can hear with ur ears.Researchers recrded and analyzed sunds prduced by plants and discvered that they can give ff clicking sunds at a vlume similar t human speech，but t high fr human ears t pick it up.
In rder t seclude the plants t ensure that any sund picked up by recrding equipment culd nly be cming frm the plants and nt the atmsphere arund them，researchers at Tel Aviv University placed plants in an acustic（声学的） bx in an envirnment with n backgrund nise.The plant types used in this study were mainly tmat and tbacc plants.Researchers used recrding equipment capable f picking up frequencies between 20 and 250 kilhertz，reaching mre than 15 times higher than the maximum frequency the average adult can hear.
In the greenhuse setting，they als recrded a grup f tmat and tbacc plants as they grew increasingly dehydrated（脱水的），and fund that their sund ut pint increased steadily fr the fllwing fur t five days after being watered，and then decreased.Essentially，the thirstier the plants gt，the luder they cmplained— until they reached a certain critical stage f dehydratin，at which pint their vices quieted as they dried up.The researchers als fund that dehydrated tmat and tbacc plants prduced an average f abut 35 and 11 sunds per hur，respectively.Cut tmat and tbacc plants made 25 and 15 nises per hur.Healthy plants，n the ther hand，prduced far fewer sunds，at less than ne per hur.
Recrding these sunds culd help infrm farmers abut which f their crps are mst in need f water，allwing fr mre precise irrigatin，which culd be a step frward fr agriculture."When mre and mre areas are expsed t drught due t climate change，efficient water use becmes even mre critical fr fd security.We believe that humans can use this infrmatin，given the right tls——such as sensrs that tell grwers when plants need watering，" said Lilach Hadany，a prfessr frm the Schl f Plant Sciences and Fd Security at the Wise Faculty f Life Sciences.
8.What is the authr's purpse in writing paragraph 1？ ______
A. T state research methds.
B. T present research findings.
C. T clarify the purpses f the research.
D. T explain the significance f the research.
9.What des the underlined wrd"seclude" in paragraph 2 prbably mean？ ______
A. Prtect.B. Develp.C. Separate.D. Discver.
10.What d we knw abut the experiment？ ______
A. Plants make sunds mre frequently fr lack f water.
B. Cut plants prduce luder sunds than dehydrated nes.
C. Sunds cming frm plants are hard t pick up by devices.
D. Plants prduce few sunds in the greenhuse envirnment.
11.What des Lilach Hadany think f the research？ ______
A. It culd help increase the prductin f crps.
B. It culd attract peple's attentin t fd safety.
C. It culd be applied t deal with glbal warming.
D. It culd be beneficial fr efficient irrigatin in farming.
D
New research led by scientists at the University f Massachusetts Amherst has revealed that the spiny pllen（带刺花粉） f plants in the sunflwer family can reduce infectin f a cmmn bee parasite（寄生生物） by up t 94 percent.The sunflwers' spiny pllen can destry a parasite called C.bmbi（熊蜂短膜虫），which has been significantly reducing bumblebee ppulatins.
T investigate hw sunflwers help bumblebees resist C.bmbi，the researchers separated the spiny uter shell f the pllen frm the chemical metablites（代谢物） in the pllen's cre.They then mixed the spiny pllen shells f sunflwers，with the chemistry remved，int the pllen fed t ne grup f bees.
Anther grup was fed wildflwer pllen with sunflwer metablites and n sunflwer shells.The researchers discvered that the bees that ate the spiny sunflwer pllen shells had the same respnse as bees feeding n whle sunflwer pllen.These bees had a markedly reduced risk f C.bmbi infectin cmpared t thse fed sunflwer metablites.
Bumblebees，which are vital pllinatrs f crps and wildflwers，are experiencing a rapid decline in their ppulatins wrldwide.Habitat lss due t urbanizatin and agricultural intensificatin is the greatest threat t bumblebees.Climate change is als taking a tll n bumblebees.As temperatures rise，bumblebees are frced t mve further nrth t cler climates，which can affect their ability t find fd and nesting sites.Pesticide use is anther significant threat t bumblebees.These chemicals are harmful t them and can damage their navigatin and immune systems，leading t reduced reprductive success.Bumblebees play a vital rle in maintaining healthy and diverse ecsystems.Understanding hw sunflwers prtect bees frm disease culd help us identify ther flwers that have similar prtective prperties.Thrugh this，researchers can wrk twards develping new strategies t help cnserve bumblebees.
12.Hw des the spiny pllen f sunflwers benefit bees？ ______
A. It prtects them frm predatrs.
B. It imprves their sense f smell.
C. It can be used fr their nest building.
D. It helps them resist parasite infectins.
13.Hw did researchers explre the functin f spiny pllen shells？ ______
A. By cllecting data.B. By making cmparisns.
C. By referring t previus studies.D. By surveying experienced farmers.
14.What is the biggest threat t the survival f bumblebees？ ______
A. Habitat lss.B. Climate change.
C. The use f pesticides.D. Envirnmental pllutin.
15.What is the significance f the study？ ______
A. It ffers a way t increase sunflwer yield.
B. It draws public attentin t the rle f ecsystems.
C. It prvides a new idea fr prtecting bumblebees.
D. It allws peple t distinguish between different plants species.
二、阅读七选五：本大题共5小题，共12.5分。
Pets are an imprtant part f the family.Peple can always cunt n the cmpaninship f pets.（1） ______
Pets relieve anxiety.
While studies have shwn that pets may be imprtant in reducing specific health issues，there is significant prf that they relieve stress and anxiety.When the chips are dwn — whether it was a tugh day at wrk，sad news frm friends r family，r tensin ver a majr life change-pets are the ne cnstant.（2） ______
Pets give purpse t life.
Pets may give their wners a purpse — a reasn t get up in the mrning and begin again. （3） ______ They need t be fed and given water.Mst f all，they need attentin.Attentin may be anything frm a nice lng walk，if the pet is a dg r ther walkable animal，t a nice .brushing fr a cat r petting and treats fr birds，whatever the chsen pet.
（ 4） ______
Smetimes pets may act really silly—and silliness generates laughter and fun.Cats and dgs lve t play，and playing gives wners a chance t act silly，be natural，and revel in（着迷于） the fun f their pets' naughty.
Pets keep harmny in the hme.
Pets may ften be the reasn a hme feels like a hme.They bring warmth and cmfrt t any situatin，especially when hsting guests.Pets break the ice and becme a way t welcme thers int a hme r even n the street.（5） ______ Pets bring happiness，and happiness is infectius（有感染力的）—a way t brighten everyne's day.
A.Pets let yu be a kid again.
B.They require care n a daily basis.
C.Pets impact a child's develpment.
D.Belw are several benefits t having a cmpanin animal.
E.They are there t give uncnditinal lve，n matter the situatin.
F.And that's just the beginning f why pets may be mre imprtant than ever.
G.Few can resist a smile r kind greeting when passing smene wh is walking a dg.
16.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
17.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
18.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
19.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
20.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
三、完形填空：本大题共15小题，共15分。
T change my negative thinking，ne day，I wre a rubber band arund my left wrist.Every time I caught myself thinking f a（n）（1） ______ utcme，I snapped（使……发出啪的声音） the rubber band，causing mild discmfrt.This simple（2） ______ taught me t assciate such thinking with（3） ______ .I snapped the band many times a day at first. （4） ______ ，after a few weeks，I fund I snapped the band less.
That lked like prgress t me，s 1（5） ______ the next step.Nw that I was（6） ______ my negative thughts，why nt （7） ______ them with smething else？Smething light，bright，and ptimistic？Once 1 began t ntice the（8） ______ f psitive thughts，I fund it was easy t expand my hrizns（视野）.
As my thughts （9） ______ ，I started t jurnal.I went（10） ______ at first writing dwn a few phrases at a time right befre I went t bed.I made nte f the psitive things that I had nticed that day.As my list grew，I decided t（11） ______ my thinking nce again. （12） ______ reflecting upn the psitive parts f the day，I wanted t prject what gd things might be in stre fr tmrrw.By wrking t（13） ______ what ccupied my mind，I truly changed.
I（14） ______ t wear that simple rubber band.When bad negative thughts threaten，I quickly snap that band，（15） ______ my thinking，and get back n track，cunting my blessings.
21.A. extraB. newC. badD. direct
22.A. knwledgeB. devtinC. imaginatinD. exercise
23.A. discmfrtB. dishnesty
C. misfrtuneD. misunderstanding
24.A. OtherwiseB. BesidesC. HweverD. Therefre
25.A. std up frB. mved n tC. put up withD. made up fr
26.A. checkingB. srtingC. recrdingD. interrupting
27.A. cmpareB. replaceC. illustrateD. equip
28.A. pwerB. rderC. ppularityD. principle
29.A. shiftedB. appearedC. matteredD. repeated
30.A. equallyB. secretlyC. frmallyD. slwly
31.A. expandB. simplifyC. explainD. annunce
32.A. Regardless fB. In additin tC. Accrding tD. In terms f
33.A. enjyB. mixC. cntrlD. share
34.A. affrdB. prmiseC. frgetD. cntinue
35.A. sptB. adjustC. applyD. stress
四、语法填空：本大题共1小题，共15分。
36.China（1） ______ （launch） the Shenzhu-16 manned spaceship，sending three astrnauts t（2） ______ （ it） space statin cmbinatin fr a five-mnth missin n May 30th.
Accrding t the China Manned Space Agency，abut 10 minutes after the launch，the Shenzhu-16 separated（3） ______ the rcket and entered its designed rbit.The crew members are in gd shape and the launch is a cmplete （4） ______ （succeed）.
The crew cnsists f Jing Haipeng，Zhu Yangzhu and Gui Haicha.They will witness the dckings（对接） f the Tianzhu-5 carg craft（5） ______ the Shenzhu-17 manned spaceship，as well as the departures f the Shenzhu-15 manned spaceship and Tianzhu-5.
（ 6） ______ an imprtant mment in the histry f China space statin!（7） ______ we can see，Shenzhu-16 crew are nw entering the Tianhe cre mdule，while Shenzhu-15 crew are nw waiting（8） ______ （ welcme） them n the ther side.
After the swift autmated rendezvus，the Shenzhu-16 spaceship dcked n the Tianhe cre mdule frm belw.The whle space statin cnsists f six spacecraft，（9） ______ （ include ） tw lab mdules，tw（10） ______ （ man） spaceships and the Tianhe cre mdule and the Tianzhu-6 carg ship.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、书面表达：本大题共2小题，共40分。
37.假定你是李华，目前淄博烧烤爆火，请给学校交换生 Smith写一封信邀请他去淄博吃烧烤（barbecue），内容包括：
（1）写信的目的；
（2）介绍淄博烧烤（每桌一个小炉子 stve，烧烤上桌后，顾客得自己再加工；开设公交专线）；
（3）期待回复。
注意：
（1）写作词数应为 80左右；
（2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Smith，
___________
Yurs， Li Hua
38.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
On Mnday afternns at tw 'clck，my dg Beau and I wuld arrive at the Silver Spring Cnvalescent Center fr an hur f pet therapy（宠物疗法） with the senirs wh lived there.
Rm 114 was hme t Katherine's，a wman in her seventies wh had stpped talking a few mnths earlier and had been living in a catatnic（木僵的） state in her wheelchair fr the past mnth.I was tld her family had stpped calling r visiting，and she had n friends.When Beau and I walked int her rm，she was sitting in her wheelchair，her back tward us，facing the viewless windw.
Beau was pulling ahead f me with his leash（牵绳）.Befre I culd get arund t kneeling dwn in frnt f her，he was at her left side，with his head in her lap.I pulled a chair up in frnt f her and sat dwn，saying hell.N respnse.In the fifteen minutes that Beau and I sat with Katherine，she never said a wrd and never mved.Surprising as that may be，mre surprising was that Beau never mved either.
If yu knew Beau，yu'd knw that even ten secnds was lng enugh t wait fr a petting.He wuld wiggle（摇） his bdy against anyne wh was clsest t his nse until they were frced t pet him，r he'd lse interest and find smene else.I became s uncmfrtable with the lack f life in this wman that，much as I wished I felt differently，when the clck struck 2：30 PM.，I rushed t say gdbye，std up and pulled the reluctant（不情愿的） Beau ut.
Every Mnday thereafter，Beau and I made a visit t rm 114.Each visit I attempted t ask Katherine questins abut her life and tell her abut mine and Beau's.N respnse.I grew mre and mre frustrated.I figured we didn't really make a difference，s why did we bther t stp by？
注意：
续写词数应为 150左右。
On ur furth visit，I was ready t bypass Katherine's rm，but Beau had ther plans.___________
And then the mst unbelievable thing happened.___________
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】D、A、D
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据 February newsletter部分中whatever yu fancy，they are all great ways t stay in shape and prepare fr sme lng-distance riding in May.（不管你喜欢什么，它们都是保持体形的好方法，还能为五月的长途骑行做准备。）可知，自行车接力赛会在五月举行。故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据 What's changed部分中Team name —— The registratin platfrm will nt allw duplicatin（重复） f team names.Yurs needs t be riginal.（参赛队名称——报名平台不允许重复使用参赛队名称。你的作品必须是原创的。）可知，参赛人员的队名得是原创的。故选A。
（3）数字计算题。根据2023 Registratin fees部分中Regular registratin fee：（March 23 —— April 12，2023）＄ 95 per rider fr a team.（常规报名费：（2023年3月23日至2023年4月12日）每队每位车手95美元。）可知，两人的团队在三月二十四日注册需要支付﹩ 95*2=﹩ 190。故选D。
这篇短文主要是关于KLUANE CHILKAT国际自行车接力赛的最新消息。文章提到了组织团队、进行交叉训练以保持身体状态、在线注册的时间和注意事项、团队名称的要求、允许使用电动自行车的规定以及注册费用的更新等内容。同时还提到了相关信息和规则的更新和发布。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
4~7.【答案】B、A、B、D
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段Unable t walk and in a wheelchair until he was six years ld，Daniel turned t bks and culd read fluently at age fur.（6岁之前，丹尼尔都不能走路，只能坐在轮椅上。4岁时，他开始看书，并能流利地阅读。）可知，Daniel 直到六岁才能行走。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据第四段The respnse t it has been very psitive.（对此的反应非常积极。）可知，Daniel 的Cracked As A Crab一书得到了读者的积极回应。故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据最后一段Nw a published authr，Danel has plans t write mre bks.（丹尼尔现在是一名出版作家，他计划写更多的书。）可知，他有可能会写更多的书。故选B。
（4）标题归纳题。本文主要讲述了自闭症男孩 Daniel乐观生活，出版了自己的第一本书，并用自己的实际行动激励其他自闭症青少年实现梦想的故事。所以"D.Teenager Authr with Autism Inspires Other Autistic Students.患有自闭症的青少年作家激励了其他自闭症学生。"为最佳标题。故选D。
这篇短文主要讲述了17岁的丹尼尔是阿米代尔高中的学生支持队长、激励演讲者和已出版的作者。他还患有自闭症，但他说这并不能定义他，反而激励着他。六个月大时，丹尼尔患上了中风，导致他身体受损，无法承重腿部或移动身体的左侧。直到六岁时，丹尼尔才能够行走，之前一直需要坐轮椅。丹尼尔热爱阅读，四岁时就能流利阅读。根据西澳大利亚自闭症协会的估计，澳大利亚有1%的人患有自闭症。2018年，澳大利亚有20.52万名自闭症患者，比2015年的16.4万人增加了25.1%。丹尼尔一直有写书的想法，他说这是他长期的目标，他对此感到非常热情和开心。在妈妈的帮助下，他写出了《像螃蟹一样破碎》，讲述了一个患有自闭症并使用幽默交朋友的螃蟹Chip的故事。丹尼尔成为了一名已出版的作者，他计划写更多的书。他不满足于在大多数学生为考试而学习时闲着，他忙于让其他人参与他作为学生支持队长的角色。他在学校中看到了学生支持领导者的空缺，并希望包括患有自闭症的学生。他决心拥有一段长期而成功的职业生涯，并希望激励其他患有自闭症的人实现他们的梦想。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
8~11.【答案】B、C、A、D
【解析】（1）目的意图题。根据第一段 Accrding t a new study described by researchers as a glbal breakthrugh，plants are nt as silent as we nce thught they were.They d make sunds，particularly when injured r stressed——just nt nes that we can hear with ur ears.Researchers recrded and analyzed sunds prduced by plants and discvered that they can give ff clicking sunds at a vlume similar t human speech，but t high fr human ears t pick it up.（一项被研究人员称为有全球性突破的新研究表明，植物并不像我们曾经认为的那样沉默。它们确实会发出声音，尤其是在受伤或承受压力的时候---只不过我们的耳朵无法听到这些声音。研究人员记录并分析了植物发出的声音，发现它们发出的咔哒声的音量与人类说话的音量相似，但因其频率对人耳来说太高而无法捕捉到。）可推知，第一段旨在呈现研究的结果。故选B项。
（2）词义猜测题。根据第二段 In rder t seclude the plants t ensure that any sund picked up by recrding equipment culd nly be cming frm the plants and nt the atmsphere arund them，researchers at Tel Aviv University placed plants in an acustic（声学的） bx in an envirnment with n backgrund nise.（为了确保录音设备捕捉到的声音只来自植物本身，而非来自它们周围的环境，特拉维夫大学的研究人员把植物放在一个没有背景噪音的隔音箱中。）可推测划线词所在部分表示研究人员将植物"隔离"起来，"separate"意为"隔离"。A.Prtect.保护；B.Develp.发展；C.Separate.分离；D.Discver.发现。故选C项。
（3）推理判断题。根据第三段In the greenhuse setting，they als recrded a grup f tmat and tbacc plants as they grew increasingly dehydrated（脱水的），and fund that their sund ut pint increased steadily fr the fllwing fur t five days after being watered，and then decreased.Essentially，the thirstier the plants gt，the luder they cmplained— until they reached a certain critical stage f dehydratin，at which pint their vices quieted as they dried up.The researchers als fund that dehydrated tmat and tbacc plants prduced an average f abut 35 and 11 sunds per hur，respectively.Cut tmat and tbacc plants made 25 and 15 nises per hur.Healthy plants，n the ther hand，prduced far fewer sunds，at less than ne per hur.（在温室环境中，研究人员还记录了一组番茄植株和烟草植株日益脱水的过程，发现在浇水后的 4到 5天里，它们的声音输出先是稳步上升，然后再下降。从本质上说，植物越口渴，它们的"抱怨 "就越大声——直到它们达到脱水的某个关键阶段，此时它们的声音就会随着干涸而安静下来。研究人员还发现，脱水的番茄植株和烟草植株平均每小时分别发出 35和 11声。剪断的番茄植株与烟草植株每小时分别发出 25和 15声。而另一方面，健康的植物发出的声音要少得多，每小时不到一次。）可知，植物会因为缺水而更频繁地发出声音。故选A项。
（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段Recrding these sunds culd help infrm farmers abut which f their crps are mst in need f water，allwing fr mre precise irrigatin，which culd be a step frward fr agriculture."When mre and mre areas are expsed t drught due t climate change，efficient water use becmes even mre critical fr fd security.We believe that humans can use this infrmatin，given the right tls——such as sensrs that tell grwers when plants need watering，" said Lilach Hadany，a prfessr frm the Schl f Plant Sciences and Fd Security at the Wise Faculty f Life Sciences.（记录这些声音可以帮助农民了解他们的哪些作物最需要水，从而实现更精确的灌溉，这可能是农业的一大进步。"由于气候变化，越来越多的地区面临干旱，高效用水对粮食安全变得更加重要。我们相信，只要有正确的工具，人类就可以利用这些信息——例如，传感器可以告诉种植者植物何时需要浇水，"Wise生命科学学院植物科学和食品安全学院的教授Lilach Hadany说。）可知Lilach Hadany认为这项研究对农业的高效灌溉大有裨益。故选D项。
本文是说明文。一项被研究人员称为有全球性突破的新研究表明，植物并不像我们曾经认为的那样沉默。植物也会"说话"。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
12~15.【答案】D、B、A、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段内容New research led by scientists at the University f Massachusetts Amherst has revealed that the spiny pllen（带刺花粉） f plants in the sunflwer family can reduce infectin f a cmmn bee parasite（寄生生物） by up t 94 percent.The sunflwers' spiny pllen can destry a parasite called C.bmbi（熊蜂短膜虫），which has been significantly reducing bumblebee ppulatins.（马萨诸塞大学阿姆赫斯特分校的科学家们领导的一项新研究表明，向日葵科植物的带刺花粉可以减少一种常见蜜蜂寄生虫的感染，最多可减少94%。向日葵的带刺花粉可以消灭一种叫做C.bmbi的寄生虫，这种寄生虫已经大大减少了大黄蜂的数量。）可知，向日葵的带刺花粉可以帮助蜜蜂抵抗寄生虫感染。故选D项。
（2）推理判断题。根据第二段内容 T investigate hw sunflwers help bumblebees resist C.bmbi，the researchers separated the spiny uter shell f the pllen frm the chemical metablites（代谢物） in the pllen's cre.They then mixed the spiny pllen shells f sunflwers，with the chemistry remved，int the pllen fed t ne grup f bees.（为了研究向日葵如何帮助大黄蜂抵抗炸弹虫，研究人员将花粉的带刺外壳与花粉核心的化学代谢物分离开来。然后，他们将去除化学物质的向日葵的带刺花粉壳混合到喂给一组蜜蜂的花粉中。）可知，研究人员通过对比试验，来探究向日葵花粉壳的作用。故选B项。
（3）细节理解题。根据第三段第二句The researchers discvered that the bees that ate the spiny sunflwer pllen shells had the same respnse as bees feeding n whle sunflwer pllen.（研究人员发现，吃带刺的向日葵花粉壳的蜜蜂和吃整个向日葵花粉的蜜蜂有相同的反应。）可知，城市化和农业集约化导致的栖息地丧失是对大黄蜂的最大威胁。故选A项。
（4）细节理解题。根据最后一段内容Pesticide use is anther significant threat t bumblebees.These chemicals are harmful t them and can damage their navigatin and immune systems，leading t reduced reprductive success.Bumblebees play a vital rle in maintaining healthy and diverse ecsystems.Understanding hw sunflwers prtect bees frm disease culd help us identify ther flwers that have similar prtective prperties.Thrugh this，researchers can wrk twards develping new strategies t help cnserve bumblebees.（这些化学物质对它们有害，会损害它们的导航系统和免疫系统，导致繁殖成功率降低。大黄蜂在维持健康和多样化的生态系统中发挥着至关重要的作用。了解向日葵是如何保护蜜蜂免受疾病侵害的，可以帮助我们识别其他具有类似保护特性的花朵。通过这项研究，研究人员可以致力于开发新的策略来帮助保护大黄蜂。）可知这项新研究的意义在于其为保护大黄蜂提供了新思路。故选C项。
这篇文章主要介绍了由马萨诸塞州大学阿默斯特分校的科学家领导的新研究发现，向蜜蜂喂食向日葵科植物的带刺花粉可以将一种常见的蜜蜂寄生虫的感染率降低高达94%。这种带刺花粉可以摧毁一种名为C.bmbi的寄生虫，该寄生虫已经显著减少了大黄蜂的数量。研究人员分离了向日葵花粉的带刺外壳和花粉核心的化学代谢物，然后将去除化学物质的带刺花粉壳与一组蜜蜂的花粉混合。另一组蜜蜂被喂食含有向日葵代谢物但没有向日葵壳的野花花粉。研究人员发现，食用带刺向日葵花粉壳的蜜蜂与食用整个向日葵花粉的蜜蜂有相同的反应。与食用向日葵代谢物的蜜蜂相比，这些蜜蜂感染C.bmbi的风险显著降低。大黄蜂是作物和野花的重要传粉者，其种群正面临快速下降。城市化和农业集约化导致的栖息地丧失是大黄蜂面临的最大威胁。气候变化也对大黄蜂造成了影响。随着温度的升高，大黄蜂被迫向北移动到更凉爽的气候，这可能影响它们寻找食物和筑巢地点的能力。农药的使用也是大黄蜂面临的重大威胁。这些化学物质对它们有害，可以损害它们的导航和免疫系统，导致繁殖成功率降低。大黄蜂在维持健康多样化的生态系统方面发挥着重要作用。了解向日葵如何保护蜜蜂免受疾病的影响可以帮助我们找到其他具有类似保护性质的花朵。通过这种方式，研究人员可以努力开发新的策略来帮助保护大黄蜂。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
16~20.【答案】D、E、B、A、G
【解析】（1）联系下文题。根据下文Pets relieve anxiety（宠物减轻焦虑）及Pets give purpse t life.（宠物赋予生活目标）等可知，此处是说宠物带来的好处。D项"以下是宠物会给人带来的几点好处"符合语境。故选D。
（2）联系上文题。根据上文whether it was a tugh day at wrk，sad news frm friends r family，r tensin ver a majr life change-pets are the ne cnstant（无论是工作不顺的一天，来自朋友或家人的悲伤消息，还是生活中重大变化带来的紧张情绪——宠物总是不变的）可知，上一句谈及不论你遭遇了什么样的事情，宠物一直都陪着你。E项"不管什么样的情况，它们一直都在那里给你无条件的爱"符合语境。故选E。
（3）联系上文题。根据上文Pets may give their wners a purpse — a reasn t get up in the mrning and begin again.（宠物可能会给它们的主人一个目标——一个早上起床重新开始的理由。）可知，空处应该谈及宠物有需求，B项"它们每天需要被照顾"符合语境。故选B。
（4）标题归纳题。根据下文Cats and dgs lve t play，and playing gives wners a chance t act silly，be natural，and revel in（着迷于） the fun f their pets' naughty.（猫和狗都喜欢玩耍，而玩耍给了主人一个机会，让他们表现得很傻，很自然，并陶醉在他们的宠物淘气的乐趣中。）可知该段主要谈了养宠物能带来乐趣，A项"宠物能让你变成孩子"符合语境。故选A。
（5）联系上文题。根据上文Pets break the ice and becme a way t welcme thers int a hme r even n the street.（宠物打破了沉默，成为欢迎别人来到家里甚至是街上的一种方式。）可知，设空处所在段主要谈了"宠物能帮助人创造和谐的人际氛围"，G项"当路过遛狗的人时，很少有人能忍住不微笑或给予亲切的问候"符合语境。故选G。
本文是说明文。文章探讨了养宠物的益处。
七选五阅读是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。
21~35.【答案】C、D、A、C、B、D、B、A、A、D、A、B、C、D、B
【解析】（1）考查形容词及语境理解。A.extra 额外的；B.new 新的；C.bad坏的；D.direct直接的。每当我发现自己想到一个糟糕的结果时，我就会拉动橡皮筋，引起轻微的不适。根据上文的T change my negative thinking 可知，每当"我"发现自己往坏处想时，"我"就会拉动"我"手腕上的橡皮筋，让自己感到轻微的不适。故选C。
（2）考查名词及语境理解。A.knwledge知识；B.devtin奉献；C.imaginatin想象力；D.exercise练习，锻炼。这个简单的练习教会了我把这种想法与不适联系起来。故选D。
（3）考查名词及语境理解。A.discmfrt 不适；B.dishnesty 不诚实；C.misfrtune不幸；D.misunderstanding误解。这个简单的练习教会了我把这种想法与不适联系起来。根据上文的 Every time I caught myself thinking . mild discmfrt 可知，这个简单的练习使"我"把负面思维和不适感联系起来。故选A。
（4）考查副词及语境理解。A.Otherwise否则；B.Besides此外；C.Hwever然而；D.Therefre因此。但是几周后，我发现我没怎么拉橡皮筋了。设空处连接的前后两句之间是转折关系，故选 Hwever。故选C。
（5）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.std up fr 支持；B.mved n t转到；C.put up with忍受；D.made up fr弥补。对我来说，这似乎是一个进步，所以我继续下一步。根据文中的 That lked like prgress t me 和 why nt …smething else？Smething light，bright，and ptimistic？可知，在克制负面思维方面，"我"已取得了一些进步，所以"我"进入到下一个环节。故选B。
（6）考查动词及语境理解。A.checking检查；B.srting排序；C.recrding录音；D.interrupting中断。既然我打断了我的消极想法，为什么不用其他东西来代替它们呢？故选D。
（7）考查动词及语境理解。A.cmpare比较；B.replace替代；C.illustrate说明；D.equip装备。既然我打断了我的消极想法，为什么不用其他东西来代替它们呢？根据上文的I snapped the rubber band，causing mild discmfrt和下文的 Smething light，bright，and ptimistic 可知，既然"我"已经扰乱了"我"的负面思维，"我"为什么不用别的东西来取代它们呢？故选B。
（8）考查名词及语境理解。A.pwer力量；B.rder命令；C.ppularity受欢迎；D.principle原理。一旦我开始注意到积极思想的力量，我发现很容易拓展我的视野。根据下文的I fund it was easy t expand my hrizns可知，当"我"开始关注积极思维的力量时，"我"发现"我"轻轻松松就拓展了"我"的视野。故选A。
（9）考查动词及语境理解。A.shifted转移；B.appeared出现；C.mattered重要；D.repeated重复。随着我思想的转变，我开始记日记。根据上文的 Once I began t ntice fund it was easy t expand my hrizns 可知，当"我"的想法发生改变时， "我"就开始写日志。故选A。
（10）考查副词及语境理解。A.equally同等地；B.secretly秘密地；C.frmally正式地；D.slwly慢慢地。刚开始，我慢慢地在睡前一次写下几个短语。根据下文的 writing dwn a few phrases at a time 可知，"我"是从一次写几个短语慢慢开始的。故选D。
（11）考查动词及语境理解。A.expand 扩展；B.simplify简化；C.explain解释；D.annunce宣布。随着我的清单越来越多，我决定再次扩展我的思维。故选A。
（12）考查固定搭配及语境理解。A.Regardless f不管；B.In additin t除了；C.Accrding t根据；D.In terms f在……方面。除了回想一天中积极的部分，我想预测明天会发生什么好事。根据下文的 reflecting upn the psitive parts f the day，I wanted t prject what gd things might be in stre fr tmrrw 可知，随着列表的增长，"我"决定再次拓展"我"的思维，除了回想一天中积极的部分，"我"还会预测第二天可能会发生什么好事。故选B。
（13）考查动词及语境理解。A.enjy享受；B.mix混合；C.cntrl控制；D.share分享。通过努力控制占据我脑海的东西，我真的改变了。根据上文的 Every time I caught myself thinking mild discmfrt.That lked like prgress t me s next step 以及 I started t jurnal可知，通过想办法控制"我"的思维，"我"真得发生了改变。故选C。
（14）考查动词及语境理解。A.affrd 负担得起；B.prmise承诺；C.frget忘记；D.cntinue继续。我继续戴着那个简单的橡皮筋。故选D。
（15）考查动词及语境理解。A.spt 看见；B.adjust调整；C.apply应用；D.stress强调。当坏的消极想法威胁到我时，我会迅速扣上带子，调整思维，回到正轨，数着我的幸福。根据文中的I quickly snap that band和 cunting my blessings可知，"我"还继续带着那根橡皮筋，当负面想法来袭时，"我"会迅速拉动橡皮筋，调整思维，重整旗鼓，细数生活中的各种美好。故选B。
本文是记叙文。一根橡皮筋改变了作者对待生活的态度。
近几年高考试题中的完形填空有新的变化，试题所涉及的知识面不断拓宽，综合难度不断提高。做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅，用词得当，意思正确。
36.【答案】【小题1】launched
【小题2】its
【小题3】frm
【小题4】success
【小题5】and
【小题6】What
【小题7】As
【小题8】t welcme
【小题9】including
【小题10】manned
【解析】（1）考查时态。句意：5月30日，中国发射了神舟十六号载人飞船，将三名宇航员送入空间站，执行为期五个月的任务。分析可知，所填词为句子谓语动词，根据时间状语n May 30th可知，句子是在叙述过去的事情，应用一般过去时，故填launched。
（2）考查形容词性物主代词。句意：5月30日，中国发射了神舟十六号载人飞船，将三名宇航员送入空间站，执行为期五个月的任务。分析可知，设空处应用形容词性物主代词its作定语，修饰后文名词短语space statin cmbinatin，故填its。
（3）考查介词。句意：据中国载人航天工程办公室称，发射大约10分钟后，神舟十六号载人飞船与火箭成功分离，进入预定轨道。根据句意表示"与……分离"，应用separate frm...，故填frm。
（4）考查可数名词单数。句意：机组人员状态良好，发射取得圆满成功。根据空前冠词a可知，此处应用可数名词单数作表语，结合句意可知，名词success"成功的事"符合题意，故填success。
（5）考查连词。句意：他们将见证天舟五号货运飞船和神舟十七号载人飞船的对接，以及神舟十五号载人飞船和天舟五号载人飞船的分离。根据句意可知，the Tianzhu-5 carg craft和the Shenzhu-17 manned spaceship之间为并列关系，故应用连词and连接，故填and。
（6）考查感叹句。句意：这是中国空间站历史上多么重要的时刻啊！分析可知，此处使用了"what+a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+（主语+谓语）"这一感叹句结构，句首单词首字母应大写，故填What。
（7）考查定语从句关系词。句意：正如我们所看到的，神舟十六号乘组正在进入天和核心舱，而神舟十五号乘组现在正在另一边等待迎接他们。分析可知，此处引导非限定性定语从句，先行词为整个主句，关系词在从句中作宾语，意为"正如"，故应用关系代词as引导，句首单词首字母应大写，故填As。
（8）考查动词不定式。句意：正如我们所看到的，神舟十六号乘组正在进入天和核心舱，而神舟十五号乘组现在正在另一边等待迎接他们。根据句意可知，此处应用动词不定式作目的状语，故填t welcme。
（9）考查介词。句意：整个天宫空间站由六个航天器组成，包括问天实验舱、梦天实验舱、神舟十五号载人飞船、神舟十六号载人飞船、天和核心舱和天舟六号货运飞船。根据句意及句子结构可知，此处应用介词including表示"包括"，故填including。
（10）考查形容词。句意：整个天宫空间站由六个航天器组成，包括问天实验舱、梦天实验舱、神舟十五号载人飞船、神舟十六号载人飞船、天和核心舱和天舟六号货运飞船。分析可知，此处应用形容词manned作定语，修饰名词spaceships，故填manned。
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了5月30日中国发射神舟十六号载人飞船的相关情况。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
37.【答案】Dear Smith，
I'm writing t invite yu t enjy Zib lcal barbecue.（写信的目的）
Zib city recently went viral n Chinese scial media fr its lcal specialty fd，Zib barbecue.The high-speed railway trains are packed with visiting turists.But hw did Zib rise t fame？It cmes dwn t the city gvernment's ambitin，creativity and determinatin.The lcal gvernment f Zib has set up a special barbecue map and added new barbecue bus lines.What's mre，Zib lcal barbecue has a small stve at each table.When the barbecues are served，custmers have t prcess them themselves and wrap them in a thin pancake.【高分句型一】Such an unexpected success has shwn the city's spirit f unity.（介绍淄博烧烤）
It will be highly appreciated if yu culd cme.【高分句型二】Lking frward t yur early reply.（期待回复）
Yurs， Li Hua
【解析】高分句型一 When the barbecues are served，custmers have t prcess them themselves and wrap them in a thin pancake.
翻译：烧烤时，顾客必须自己处理，然后用薄煎饼包起来。
分析：句中使用了when引导时间状语从句。
高分句型二 It will be highly appreciated if yu culd cme.
翻译：如果你能来，我们将不胜感激。
分析：句中使用了固定句型It will be highly appreciated if ...，意为"如果……，我们将不胜感激。"
这是一篇提纲类作文，需要写的内容已经给出，但是写作时不要仅仅对要点进行生硬的翻译，而是要添加些内容，使文章看起来更充实，要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文，一定要谈谈自己的看法。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。同时注意要求的字数，不要太多也不要太少。
38.【答案】On ur furth visit，I was ready t bypass Katherine's rm，but Beau had ther plans.He pulled me int Katherine's rm and tk his familiar pse n her left side，head in her lap.I didn't say a wrd，but since I had a business meeting later in the afternn with which I was preccupied，I decided t cut shrt ur usual fifteen minutes with Katherine t five.【高分句型一】Instead f talking，I remained silent，fcusing n my upcming meeting.As I std up t walk ut and began t pull Beau away，he wuldn't mve any mre.（作者有事要提前离开，狗狗却不想动）
And then the mst unbelievable thing happened.Katherine's hand went up t the tp f Beau's head and rested there.N ther mvement，just her hand Beau cntinued t stand like a statue never mving frm his spt.I sat back dwn in silent shck.Lve has many ways f shwing its face.Each time I am ready t walk away frm a persn n whm I have given up，I am reminded f the pwer f Beau's lving persistence with Katherine.If Beau can give an extra ten minutes，surely，I can t.【高分句型二】（凯瑟琳终于有了反应，伸手去摸狗狗）
【解析】这是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者带自己的狗狗去对病人进行宠物疗法的故事。
高分句型一：I didn't say a wrd，but since I had a business meeting later in the afternn with which I was preccupied，I decided t cut shrt ur usual fifteen minutes with Katherine t five.
翻译：我没有说一句话，但由于下午晚些时候我有一个商务会议，我正全神贯注，所以我决定把与凯瑟琳通常的15分钟缩短到5分钟。
分析：本句使用了介词with+which引导的非限制性定语从句。
高分句型二：If Beau can give an extra ten minutes，surely，I can t.
翻译：如果博能多给我十分钟，我当然也可以。
分析：本句使用了if引导的条件状语从句。
解题方法点拨
（1）品读原文，确定文章线索
每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此次短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
在确定了思路和内容之后，最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。