2022-2023学年江西省南昌市高一（下）期末英语试卷(含详细答案解析)

这是一份2022-2023学年江西省南昌市高一（下）期末英语试卷(含详细答案解析)，共20页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，阅读七选五，完形填空，语法填空，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。

一、阅读理解：本大题共15小题，共30分。
A
Details abut vlunteers t clean up Parramatta River
Abut This Opprtunity
Wrking alng the Parramatta River，we will spend the day remving litter and imprving the envirnment fr the river's inhabitants （栖息动物）.After the clean-up，we will spend sme time cllecting data abut the litter cllected.We will d this s that we can learn mre abut the types f litter fund in ur river.S cme alng and help us t remve cean litter frm the sea，all the way back t the surce!
A Few Things t Remember
Registratin is necessary.We will send mre infrmatin n hw t register nce yu submit（递交） a SEEK vlunteer applicatin.
Yu are required t make yur wn way t and frm the wrksite.
N previus experience is required.We will prvide yu with all the knw-hw n site.
We can prvide yu with this a certificatin fr cming alng and helping ut；this lks great n a resume（简历）.
NOTE
There is a strict limit f 15 vlunteers fr this prject.All vlunteers will be required t answer a survey
befre participating.（This prject received funds frm the Australian gvernment.）
Time Required
We will be running clean-ups alng the river n a mnthly basis，with each event running fr abut 4 hurs.Online vlunteering pprtunities are als available.Cntact lhdgetts@ fr mre infrmatin.
1.What will the vlunteers d after each clean-up？ ______
A. Take a walk alng the liver.
B. Feed the river's inhabitants.
C. Pick reusable items frm the litter.
D. Gather data abut the cllected litter.
2.What is required f the vlunteers？ ______
A. Participating in nline training.
B. Having previus wrk experience.
C. Wrking fr fur hurs every week.
D. Traveling t the wrksite by themselves.
3.What will the vlunteers get frm the vlunteering？ ______
A. An excellent resume.B. A detailed survey.
C. A certificate f appreciatin.D. A fun d frm the gvernment.
B
I've never been smene wh gets hmesick，but the prspect（展望） f ging hme in a few days is ne f the few things keeping me ging.It has been a stressful term.I'm lking frward t seeing my family and friends.But despite my excitement，I've been having sme Thanksgiving break-caused anxiety.I feel like I'm under a time crunch（困境） trying t fit s many things int just a few days.Will I have time t see all my friends，spend time with family，and get my wrk dne？
I'm definitely still grateful that I am able t g hme，but it's strange because I've never cnnected Thanksgiving with being anxius befre.Maybe I feel this way because it's my first year.Breaks in cllege are different frm high schl.Teachers usually didn't give wrk ver break and I culd relax the entire time in high schl，but it desn't exactly wrk that way here.
Everyne has been s busy this term，and it's difficult t relax，knwing that we have assignments due as sn as class restarts.The fact that reading perid starts nly 10 days after break desn't help either.I dn't knw if I'll ever get used t hw fast cllege mves.Final weeks and winter break are ging t be here befre we knw it，and that is slightly terrifying.
Even thugh I feel this mixture f excitement and anxiety，the break has helped me gain a better understanding abut my first term f cllege.I've met s many new peple and becme part f clubs that I'm passinate abut.The t-d list will still be there ver break，but it's nice t lk back and see that I managed t get thrugh mst f the term pretty successfully.I'm still thankful fr my family and friends as usual，but this year I'm especially thankful fr myself.
4.Hw des the authr feel abut the cming Thanksgiving break？ ______
A. Eager but anxius.B. Relaxed but dubtful.
C. Excited but frightened.D. Curius but stressed.
5.What can we infer abut breaks in cllege？ ______
A. They are free f hmewrk.B. They are tasked with much wrk.
C. They are full f relaxatin.D. They are imprtant fr prgress.
6.What makes the authr a little terrified？ ______
A. The reading perid.B. The cming exams.
C. The fast pace f cllege life.D. The shrt perid f winter break.
7.What des the authr realize when reflecting n the first term？ ______
A. The t-d list pushes him t learn.
B. He has gained a lt frm cllege life.
C. Adapting t the new life requires family supprt.
D. Self-independence is mre imprtant than thers' supprt.
C
In Hng Kng，signs written in traditinal Chinese characters can be fund arund every crner.Fr Adnian Chan，a 33-year-ld designer，ne calligraphy style has cme t represent Hng Kng：Beiwei Kaishu，a way f writing that has its rigins in 4th century China.But Beiwei Kaishu is endangered，Chan says.That's why he's digitizing（数字化） it int a typeface（字体） t save it.
After Wrld War II，Beiwei Kaishu was widely used in Hng Kng，partly because it is quite utstanding，even frm far distances.It seems t be a practical chice fr lcal businessmen.What sets Beiwei Kaishu apart frm ther Chinese writing styles is its unequal cnstructin，clear lines and unexpected angles—smething that makes it energetic.
But with the cming f cmputer typefaces and LED signs，signs written in the style were disappearing frm Hng Kng. "It's almst extinct，"says Chan，"Hng Kng's urban landscape has als changed.Peple pull dwn ld buildings and，f curse，the shps，as well."As a cnsequence，few designers wrking tday are aware f the Beiwei Kaishu style.
In 2016，Chan asked Wng Gk Leng，a master f calligraphy in Hng Kng，t teach him t write in the Beiwei Kaishu style.Chan then started the prcess f digitizing the characters.He first wrte the characters n paper with a brush and ink，which gave him a sense f prprtin.Next，he made his first drawing in pencil.Finally，he recreated the characters digitally，using a cmputer prgram called Glyphs.He can cmplete tw characters a day，and is aiming t digitize 6，000 characters.
Chan says his prject is ding mre than preserving a centuries-ld writing style and that he sees himself as building n the wrk f previus generatins.He has named his typeface Beiwei Zansyu and hpes it will eventually be used n phnes and cmputers.
8.What makes Beiwei Kaishu unique frm ther Chinese writing styles？ ______
A. Its ppularity.B. Its energetic style.
C. Its easy digitizatin.D. Its widespread use in LED signs.
9.Why is Beiwei Kaishu endangered？ ______
A. Shps and buildings are pulled dwn.
B. Lcal scenery is changing rapidly.
C. New technlgy has been used in signs.
D. A few peple take ntice f it.
10.Hw did Chan digitize Beiwei Kaishu？ ______
A. By using a 3 D scanner.
B. By adpting a cmputer prgram.
C. By phtgraphing the characters.
D. By drawing directly n a cmputer.
11.What is the main idea f the text？ ______
A. The design f Adnian Chan.
B. The histry f Beiwei Kaishu.
C. The wnder f Chinese calligraphy.
D. The digitizatin f Beiwei Kaishu.
D
Astrnmers have discvered an Earth-size explanet （外星行星），r wrld beynd ur slar system，that may be filled with vlcanes.Called LP791–18 d，the planet culd experience vlcanic explsin as ften as Jupiter's mn I，the mst vlcanically active bdy in ur slar system.
LP791-18 d is tidally lcked，which means the same side cnstantly faces its star.The day side wuld prbably be t ht fr liquid water t exist n the surface.But the amunt f vlcanic activity all ver the planet culd sustain an atmsphere，which may enable the existence f liquid water n the night side.LP791-18 d rbits a small red star abut 90 light-years away，which is estimated t be nly slightly larger and mre heavier than Earth.
Astrnmers already knew abut tw ther wrlds in the system befre this discvery，called LP79 I-18 b and c，bth larger and heavier than Earth.During their rbits，planets d and c clsely apprach each ther.Each clse pass by the heavier planet c prduces a gravity pull n planetel，which creates enugh energy t heat the planet and prduce vlcanic activity at its surface.
Planet d sits in the traditinal range f distances frm a star where scientists assume liquid water culd exist n a planet's surface.If the planet is as gelgically active as the research team imagine，it culd maintain an atmsphere.Temperatures culd drp enugh n the planet's night side fr water t exist n the surface.
Astrbilgist Jessie Christiansen says， "A big questin in astrbilgy is if vlcanic activity is necessary fr life.In additin t ptentially（潜在的） prviding an atmsphere，these prcesses culd mix up materials that wuld therwise sink dwn and get trapped in the crust （地壳），including thse we think are imprtant fr life，like carbn."
12.What des the underlined wrd"sustain"in paragraph 2 mean？ ______
A. Heat.B. Maintain.C. Dry.D. Prtect.
13.What fuels planetd's vlcanic activity？ ______
A. The weight f planet c.B. The size f planet c.
C. The pull caused by planet c.D. The heat pwered by planet c.
14.What can we infer abut vlcanic activity frm Christiansen's wrd？ ______
A. It mixes up an atmsphere.
B. It makes it easy t trap carbn.
C. It prcesses sunk materials.
D. It is significant fr prmting life.
15.Which can be a suitable title fr the text？ ______
A. The Mst Vlcanically Active Planet.
B. Life n Other Vlcanic Active Explanet.
C. Ptential fr Vlcanic Activity Beynd Earth.
D. Discvery f a Vlcanically Active Earth-Size Explanet.
二、阅读七选五：本大题共5小题，共10分。
Images f Animals
Every language has wrds and expressins which describe the characteristics f s me animals.Smetimes sme animals have the same images in a freign language as they d in Chinese.Fr example，there is a similar saying in Chinese as ne in English： "The sheep wh talks peace with a wlf will sn be muttn."（1） ______ When a Chinese r English man talks like a parrt，he can nly repeat what he hears.
In bth Chinese and English，tw kinds f insects have the image f being very busy：bees and ants.If smene is very busy r is mving arund quickly ding lts f things，we can describe him by saying."He is as busy as a bee."
In Chinese，it is said that cranes and trtises are suppsed t bring lng life. （2） ______ And trtises are cnsidered t be slw but sure.In additin，while fxes are thught by the Chinese t have magical pwers，fr English speakers they are just dishnest.In English，we may hear peple say "Stp being a chicken and just g ahead." （3） ______
An animal may have a number f images.Fr example，in English，a herd f elephants is ften cnsidered t be very nisy，but peple als say，"Elephants never frget."English speakers imagine that elephants have a lng memry.（4） ______ If yu wn a car that can't be driven，the car is a white elephant.
（ 5） ______ Here are mre："Lve me，lve my dg." "When the cat is away，the mice will play.""Yu can make a hrse t water，but yu can't make him drink." Can yu list sme Chinese prverbs that have animals as subjects？
A.The subjects f many English prverbs（谚语） are animals.
B.In English，hwever，cranes have n special meaning.
C.There is a battery brand in China called"white elephant".
D.Similarly，the pig is a symbl f stupidity in bth cultures.
E.But fxes may have different meaning in the tw languages.
F.A chicken has an image f being fearful in English but nt in Chinese.
G.A"white elephant"refers t smething that is useless and a waste f mney.
16.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
17.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
18.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
19.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
20.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
三、完形填空：本大题共15小题，共30分。
Kristin mved t a new hme in Austin，Texas.One day，Kristin needed backyard furniture fr a party and bught sme decratins and a picnic table frm Lwe's.The delivery driver set the table dwn in her frnt yard（1） ______ ，which gave Kristin a（n）（2） ______ t make use f it. "After the party，I painted the table green and put it in the frnt yard，just a few feet frm the（3） ______ ，"she says.
Neighbrs began t stp by t （4） ______ themselves and sit dwn fr a chat.Kristin invited peple t jin her at the table fr cffee r iced tea."It was a simple way t slw dwn and（5） ______ thers，"she says.The table was （6） ______ and had a cmmunal （共用的） feel.
Cnstructin wrkers n jbs in the neighbrhd tk their lunch （7） ______ at the table.A babysitter walking by with yung kids sat dwn t rest.
Peple ften （8） ______ t invite thers int their hmes.They think their huse is t（9） ______ ， it's nt big enugh r they dn't have enugh time."Our perfectinism can cause us t （10） ______ n the jy f cnnecting with thers，"Kristin says.Her picnic table takes away the （11） ______ — and the pressure.
"I've learned that hspitality （热情） desn't always mean （12） ______ peple t a meal r a big party.At the picnic table，all I have t d is （13） ______ ." She likes hw it makes her take a small step tward reducing （14） ______ and building relatinships in her cmmunity."Peple's greatest need is t knw that they are lved and that they （15） ______ ，"she says.
21.A. n purpseB. by mistakeC. by chanceD. n time
22.A. presentB. purpseC. inspiratinD. pinin
23.A. huseB. sidewalkC. backyardD. frnt yard
24.A. intrduceB. challengeC. enjyD. explain
25.A. agree withB. cnsult withC. deal withD. cnnect with
26.A. unusualB. beautifulC. invitingD. clrful
27.A. mneyB. breaksC. talksD. bags
28.A. pstpneB. hpeC. desireD. hesitate
29.A. quietB. cleanC. messyD. expensive
30.A. give utB. wrk utC. miss utD. pick ut
31.A. excuseB. chanceC. beliefD. jy
32.A. prvidingB. influencingC. sharingD. treating
33.A. pick upB. shw upC. stand upD. warm up
34.A. lnelinessB. argumentC. trubleD. adventure
35.A. fcusB. gatherC. belngD. care
四、语法填空：本大题共1小题，共15分。
36.Ding Liren，a 30-year-ld frm Wenzhu，China，has becme China's first men's wrld chess champin after defeating Russia's Ian Nepmniachtchi.Ding（1） ______ （win） a rapid-play tiebreaker （决胜局） after 14 first-stage games at the Wrld Chess Champinship in Kazakhstan.Ding's victry makes him the 17th winner f the wrld chess game.His success，（ 2） ______ （ wide） celebrated in China，shws the cuntry's rising influence in glbal chess.
（ 3） ______ Nepmniachtchi put up a strng fight，this marked his secnd lss in the champinship finals.Fr the tiebreaker，each player had nly 25 minutes t make their mves，plus（4） ______ extra ten secnds fr every mve they made.Ding wn in the furth quick game and had finished secnd at the Candidates Turnament，which（5） ______ （player） must win t challenge the wrld champin.
Ding's jurney in chess has been（6） ______ （ amaze），frm becming China's yungest natinal champin in 2009（7） ______ ranking secnd wrldwide.He als hlds the lngest undefeated recrd in tp-level chess histry frm 2017 t 2018.This victry reflects China's grwth in the glbal chess scene.China（8） ______ （be） strng in wmen's chess since the 1990s，when Xie Jun became the first Chinese persn（9） ______ （receive） a wrld title in 1991 in the wmen's game.N Chinese player had ever wn the Wrld Chess Champinship befre，in（10） ______ bth men and wmen can cmpete.
五、书面表达：本大题共2小题，共40分。
37.假定你是学生会主席李华，你校校刊正在进行关于感恩母亲的征文活动。请你为此次活动写一篇宣传文章，内容包括：
（1）活动介绍；
（2）征文主题和要求。
注意：写作词数应为 80左右；
Dear Students，___________
President f Student Unin
38.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Hw far wuld yu g t help a friend？When yu and yur friend are in truble，what will yu d？Will yu leave him alne r face the danger tgether with him？Jeremy Savage，aged 17，and Ian Marshall，aged 16，bth frm Canada，had their friendship tested t the limit n a recent trip t the Rcky Muntains with their parents.
On Saturday mrning，the tw bys decided t climb Cathedral Muntain by themselves while their parents relaxed at the campsite.Jeremy filled his backpack with sme fd，tw bttles f water and an extra shirt.Ian tld Jeremy that it was unnecessary，but Jeremy insisted.After three hurs，they reached the tp and enjyed the beautiful view frm the muntaintp.
Hwever，truble began when they started the climb dwn.On ne very dangerus part f the muntain，Ian fell three metres ff the side f the path.Jeremy climbed dwn t where Ian was and fund him badly injured and nt able t mve.Jeremy had t decide what t d.He needed help but he did nt want t leave his friend.He cleaned the dirt and bld frm Ian's face and hands，and then tried t help Ian stand up，but Ian's right leg was hurting t much.They had t wait and hpe that help wuld cme.
Meanwhile，as darkness started t fall，their parents back at the campsite became very wrried that the bys had nt returned.They gt in tuch with park wrkers and began searching fr the bys.Sn mre than 20 peple were lking fr them n Cathedral Muntain.
续写要求：
续写词数应为150左右
Paragraph1：
While they waited fr help，Jeremy gave Ian his fd and water and let him lie n his jacket.___________
Paragraph2：
At sunrise，Jeremy decided that the nly way t help his friend was t carry him dwn the muntain.___________
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】D、D、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据Abut This Opprtunity部分After the clean-up，we will spend sme time cllecting data abut the litter cllected.（清理结束后，志愿者将收集有关垃圾的数据。）可知每次大扫除后志愿者将收集有关垃圾的数据。故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据A Few Things t Remember部分Yu are required t make yur wn way t and frm the wrksite.（你必须自己进出工地。）可知对志愿者的要求是独自前往工地。故选D。
（3）细节理解题。根据A Few Things t Remember部分We can prvide yu with this a certificatin fr cming alng and helping ut；this lks great n a resume .（我们可以为您提供一份证书，以帮助您这在简历上看起来很棒。）可知志愿者从志愿者活动中得到嘉许状。故选C。
这篇短文主要介绍了有关志愿者清理帕拉马塔河的细节。志愿者将在帕拉马塔河沿岸工作，清除垃圾，改善河流环境，为河流的生物提供更好的生活条件。清理结束后，志愿者将收集有关垃圾的数据，以便更好地了解我们河流中的垃圾类型。参与者需要提前注册，并自行前往和离开工作地点。无需任何经验，我们会在现场提供所需的知识。参与者还可以获得一份证书，对简历很有帮助。此项目由澳大利亚政府资助，志愿者人数限制为15人。每次清理活动约持续4小时，每月进行一次。此外，还有在线志愿者机会可供参与。
1．直接信息题：直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。2．间接信息题：间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。3．综合信息题：综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义。
4~7.【答案】A、B、C、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段中I'm lking frward t seeing my family and friends.But despite my excitement，I've been having sme Thanksgiving break-caused anxiety.（我期待着见到我的家人和朋友。但是，尽管我很兴奋，我一直有一些感恩节假期引起的焦虑。）可知，作者期待感恩节假期的到来但同时也有些焦虑，故选A。
（2）推理判断题。根据第二段中Breaks in cllege are different frm high schl.Teachers usually didn't give wrk ver break and I culd relax the entire time in high schl，but it desn't exactly wrk that way here.（大学的假期和高中不一样。老师通常不会在假期里安排工作，我可以在高中的整个时间里放松，但在这里不完全是这样。）以及第三段中Everyne has been s busy this term，and it's difficult t relax，knwing that we have assignments due as sn as class restarts.（这学期每个人都很忙，很难放松，因为我们知道一开学就有作业要交。）可推知，大学假期里会给学生安排很多工作，故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据第三段中I dn't knw if I'll ever get used t hw fast cllege mves.Final weeks and winter break are ging t be here befre we knw it，and that is slightly terrifying.（我不知道我是否能适应大学生活的节奏。不知不觉中，最后几周和寒假就要来了，这有点可怕。）可知，大学生活的快节奏让作者有点害怕，故选C。
（4）细节理解题。根据最后一段中Even thugh I feel this mixture f excitement and anxiety，the break has helped me gain a better understanding abut my first term f cllege.I've met s many new peple and becme part f clubs that I'm passinate abut.（尽管我感到既兴奋又焦虑，但假期帮助我更好地了解了大学的第一个学期。我认识了很多新朋友，并成为我热爱的俱乐部的一员。）可知，作者在反思第一学期时认识到自己从大学生活中获益良多。故选B。
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者即将回家过感恩节，虽然很兴奋但也有些焦虑，因为要在短短几天内完成很多事情，包括见朋友、陪家人和完成作业。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
8~11.【答案】B、C、B、D
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据文章第二段What sets Beiwei Kaishu apart frm ther Chinese writing styles is its unequal cnstructin，clear lines and unexpected angles—smething that makes it energetic.（使魏碑楷书区别于其他中国书写风格的是它不平等的结构，清晰的线条和意想不到的角度---这使它充满活力。）可知其充满活力的风格使魏碑楷书有别于其他中文写作风格。故选B。
（2）推理判断题。根据文章第三段But with the cming f cmputer typefaces and LED signs，signs written in the style were disappearing frm Hng Kng. "It's almst extinct，"says Chan，"Hng Kng's urban landscape has als changed.（但随着电脑字体和LED标志的出现，这种风格的标志正在从香港消失。"它几乎灭绝了，"成龙说，"香港的城市面貌也发生了变化。）可知魏碑楷书濒临灭绝，因为新技术已被用于标志。故选C。
（3）推理判断题。根据文章第四段Finally，he recreated the characters digitally，using a cmputer prgram called Glyphs.He can cmplete tw characters a day，and is aiming t digitize 6，000 characters.（最后，他用一种叫做Glyphs的计算机程序以数字方式重现了这些字符。他一天可以完成两个字符，目标是数字化6000个字符。）可知Chan采用计算机程序将魏碑楷书数字化。故选B。
（4）主旨大意题。根据文章第一段But Beiwei Kaishu is endangered，Chan says.That's why he's digitizing（数字化） it int a typeface（字体） t save it.（但是魏碑凯舒濒临灭绝，陈说。这就是为什么他把它数字化成一种字体来保存。）可知文章讲述古代书法的数字化艺术的一种社会现象。因此本文的主旨大意是D.The digitizatin f Beiwei Kaishu.（魏碑楷书的数字化）。故选D。
这是一篇说明文。文章讲述古代书法的数字化艺术的一种社会现象。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
12~15.【答案】B、C、D、D
【解析】（1）猜测词义题。根据文章第二段The day side wuld prbably be t ht fr liquid water t exist n the surface.But the amunt f vlcanic activity all ver the planet culd sustain an atmsphere，which may enable the existence f liquid water n the night side（白天的一面可能太热，以至于液态水无法在表面存在。但是整个星球上火山活动的数量可以维持一个大气层，这可能使液态水在夜间存在）可知sustain的意思是"维持"。A.Heat.加热；B.Maintain.维持；C.Dry.弄干；D.Prtect.保护。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据文章第三段Each clse pass by the heavier planet c prduces a gravity pull n planetel，which creates enugh energy t heat the planet and prduce vlcanic activity at its surface.（每一次靠近较重的行星c都会对小行星产生引力，这产生了足够的能量来加热行星并在其表面产生火山活动。）可知行星c产生的引力助长了行星d的火山活动。故选C。
（3）推理判断题。根据文章最后一段Astrbilgist Jessie Christiansen says， "A big questin in astrbilgy is if vlcanic activity is necessary fr life.In additin t ptentially（潜在的） prviding an atmsphere，these prcesses culd mix up materials that wuld therwise sink dwn and get trapped in the crust （地壳），including thse we think are imprtant fr life，like carbn."（天体生物学家杰西•克里斯蒂安森说："天体生物学中的一个大问题是火山活动是否是生命所必需的。除了潜在的提供大气之外，这些过程可能会混合那些原本会下沉并被困在地壳中的物质，包括那些我们认为对生命很重要的物质，如碳。"）可知用克里斯蒂安森的话来说，火山活动对促进生命具有重要意义。故选D。
（4）标题归纳题。根据文章第一段Astrnmers have discvered an Earth-size explanet （外星行星），r wrld beynd ur slar system，that may be filled with vlcanes.Called LP791–18 d，the planet culd experience vlcanic explsin as ften as Jupiter's mn I，the mst vlcanically active bdy in ur slar system.（天文学家发现了一颗地球大小的系外行星，或者说是太阳系之外的世界，它可能充满了火山。这颗名为LP 791–18 d的行星可能会像木星的卫星木卫一一样频繁地经历火山爆发，木卫一是我们太阳系中火山活动最活跃的天体。）可知本文介绍了天文学家发现的一颗可能充满火山的类地行星LP791-18 d。因此本文的最佳标题是D.Discvery f a Vlcanically Active Earth-Size Explanet.（发现一颗火山活跃的地球大小的系外行星）。故选D。
本文是一篇说明文。介绍了天文学家发现的一颗可能充满火山的类地行星LP791-18 d。该行星可能会像木星的卫星I一样经常发生火山爆发。虽然白天面太热，无法存在液态水，但全球的火山活动可能维持大气层，使得黑夜面存在液态水。该行星距离地球约90光年，绕着一颗比地球略大略重的小红矮星运转。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
16~20.【答案】D、B、F、G、A
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据前文Fr example，there is a similar saying in Chinese as ne in English： "The sheep wh talks peace with a wlf will sn be muttn"（例如，汉语中有一句与英语中类似的谚语："与狼讲和的羊很快就会变成羊肉"），可知表示"同样，猪在两种文化中都是愚蠢的象征"的选项D可以承接前文汉语与英语共同的比喻，介绍猪在这两种文化中的象征意义也是相同的，故选D。
（2）推理判断题。根据前文In Chinese，it is said that cranes and trtises are suppsed t bring lng life（在汉语里，据说鹤和陆龟能带来长寿）；以及后句And trtises are cnsidered t be slw but sure（陆龟被认为是缓慢但肯定的），可知表示"然而，在英语中，鹤并没有什么特别的含义"的选项B可以承接前文汉语里鹤和陆龟能带来长寿的话题，对应后句对于陆龟代表意义的介绍，故选B。
（3）推理判断题。根据前文In English，we may hear peple say "Stp being a chicken and just g ahead" （在英语中，我们可能会听到人们说"别再当胆小鬼了，继续做吧"），可知表示"鸡在英语中有恐惧的形象，但在汉语中没有"的选项F可以承接前文对于鸡的介绍，对比鸡在英语和汉语中代表意义的不同，故选F。
（4）推理判断题。根据后文If yu wn a car that can't be driven，the car is a white elephant（如果你有一辆不能开的车，那这辆车就是白象），可知表示 "'白象'指的是无用和浪费金钱的东西"的选项G可以引出后文，前后构成例证关系，故选G。
（5）主题判断题。根据后文Here are mre："Lve me，lve my dg." "When the cat is away，the mice will play.""Yu can make a hrse t water，but yu can't make him drink" （还有更多： "爱屋及乌。""山中无老虎，猴子称大王。""强扭的瓜果不甜"），可知表示"许多英语谚语的主题是动物"的选项A可以作为本段的主题，介绍主题是动物的英语谚语，故选A。
这是一篇说明文。作者介绍了中文和英文中动物相同或者不同的象征意义。
做题步骤：
步骤一：快速浏览一遍备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。
步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。
步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。
步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。
步骤五：区分相似项。
21~35.【答案】B、C、B、A、D、C、B、D、C、C、A、D、B、A、C
【解析】（1）考查介词词组及语境理解。A.n purpse故意地；B.by mistake错误地，不小心地；C.by chance偶然；D.n time按时。句意：外卖司机不小心把桌子放在了她的前院，这给了克里斯汀一个利用它的灵感。根据上文Kristin needed backyard furniture fr a party可知，桌子本来应该放在后院准备聚会用的，外卖司机弄错了，把它放在了前院。故选B。
（2）考查名词及语境理解。A.present礼物；B.purpse目的；C.inspiratin灵感；D.pinin观点。句意：外卖司机不小心把桌子放在了她的前院，这给了克里斯汀一个利用它的灵感。根据下文 "After the party，I painted the table green and put it in the frnt yard，just a few feet frm the（3），"she says.和Neighbrs began t stp by t （4）themselves and sit dwn fr a chat.Kristin invited peple t jin her at the table fr cffee r iced tea.可知，聚会结束之后，克里斯汀干脆把桌子放在前院，邀请邻居和路人一起坐下来聊天和喝咖啡，正是外卖司机不小心的差错给了她这个灵感。故选C。
（3）考查名词及语境理解。A.huse房子；B.sidewalk人行道；C.backyard后院；D.frnt yard前院。句意："聚会结束后，我把桌子漆成绿色，放在前院，离人行道只有几英尺，"她说。根据下文Neighbrs began t stp by t （4）themselves and sit dwn fr a chat.和 Cnstructin wrkers n jbs in the neighbrhd tk their lunch （7）at the table.A babysitter walking by with yung kids sat dwn t rest.可知，桌子应该是放在离人行道只有几英尺的前院，这样路人可以过来休息。故选B。
（4）考查动词及语境理解。A.intrduce介绍；B.challenge挑战；C.enjy享受，喜欢；D.explain解释。句意：邻居们开始过来做自我介绍，坐下来聊天。根据下文and sit dwn fr a chat可知，此处指"自我介绍"。故选A。
（5）考查动词词组及语境理解。A.agree with同意；B.cnsult with咨询；C.deal with处理；D.cnnect with和……有联系。句意：她说： "这是一种放慢脚步、与他人建立联系的简单方法。"。根据下文The table was （6）and had a cmmunal （共用的） feel.可知，这张桌子给人一种公共的感觉，大家可以在这里与他人建立联系。故选D。
（6）考查形容词及语境理解。A.unusual不寻常的；B.beautiful美丽的；C.inviting吸引人的，诱人的；D.clrful富有色彩的。句意：这张桌子很有吸引力，给人一种公共的感觉。根据下文Neighbrs began t stp by t （4）themselves and sit dwn fr a chat.和 Cnstructin wrkers n jbs in the neighbrhd tk their lunch （7）at the table.A babysitter walking by with yung kids sat dwn t rest.可知，桌子很有吸引力，附近工作的建筑工人在餐桌上吃午饭，带着孩子的保姆路过，也坐下来休息。故选C。
（7）考查名词及语境理解。A.mney钱；B.breaks间歇，休息；C.talks谈话；D.bags书包。句意：在附近工作的建筑工人在餐桌上吃午饭。lunch breaks午餐时间，午休时间，名词词组，符合句意。故选B。
（8）考查动词及语境理解。A.pstpne推迟，延缓；B.hpe希望；C.desire渴望；D.hesitate犹豫。句意：人们常常不愿邀请别人到家里来。根据下文They think their huse is t（9），it's nt big enugh r they dn't have enugh time.可知，人们常常不愿邀请别人到家里来。hesitate t d顾虑地/犹豫地做某事，动词词组，符合句意。故选D。
（9）考查形容词及语境理解。A.quiet安静的；B.clean干净的；C.messy凌乱的，散乱的；D.expensive昂贵的。句意：他们认为他们的房子太乱了，不够大，或者他们没有足够的时间。根据下文it's nt big enugh r they dn't have enugh time可知，此处表示人们不愿意邀请别人到家里来的原因之一，即他们的房子太乱了，故选C。
（10）考查动词词组及语境理解。A.give ut 放出，发出（声音、光等）；B.wrk ut进展（顺利）；C.miss ut错过，遗漏；D.pick ut挑选，取出。句意："我们的完美主义会让我们错过与他人交流的乐趣，"克里斯汀说。根据上文Peple ften （8）t invite thers int their hmes.They think their huse is t（9），it's nt big enugh r they dn't have enugh time.可知，人们常常因为各种理由而不愿意邀请别人到家里来，这让我们错过与他人交流的乐趣。故选C。
（11）考查名词及语境理解。A.excuse借口；B.chance机会；C.belief信念，看法；D.jy快乐。句意：她的野餐桌消除了借口和压力。根据上文Peple ften （8）t invite thers int their hmes.They think their huse is t（9），it's nt big enugh r they dn't have enugh time.可知，人们常常以各种理由为借口，不愿意邀请别人到家里来，她的野餐桌消除了这种借口和压力。故选A。
（12）考查动名词及语境理解。A.prviding提供；B.influencing影响；C.sharing分享；D.treating招待，款待。句意：我明白了待客之道并不总是意味着请人吃饭或举办大型聚会。根据下文t a meal可知，此处指的是"请人吃饭"。故选D。
（13）考查动词词组及语境理解。A.pick up捡起，拾起；B.shw up出现，到场；C.stand up站起来；D.warm up热身。句意：在野餐桌上，我所要做的就是出现。根据下文" She likes hw it makes her take a small step tward reducing （14）and building relatinships in her cmmunity."Peple's greatest need is t knw that they are lved and that they （15），"she says.可知，此处指"出现在野餐桌上，积极参与建立社区关系"。故选B。
（14）考查名词及语境理解。A.lneliness孤独，寂寞；B.argument争执，争论；C.truble麻烦；D.adventure冒险。句意：她喜欢这让她朝着减少孤独感和在社区中建立关系迈出了一小步。根据下文and building relatinships in her cmmunity可知，这种简单的有助于人们交流的方式可以减少孤立感，建立社区关系。故选A。
（15）考查动词及语境理解。A.fcus聚焦；B.gather聚集；C.belng属于；D.care关心，照顾。句意：人们最大的需求是知道自己被爱着，有归属感。根据句意可知，此处指 "归属感"。故选C。
这篇短文主要讲述了Kristin搬到德克萨斯州奥斯汀的新家后，购买了一些装饰和野餐桌，并将其放在前院，邀请邻居和路人一起坐下来聊天和喝咖啡。这个野餐桌成为了社区人们交流和建立关系的场所，帮助人们放下完美主义的压力，以简单的方式与他人连接。通过这个经验，Kristin学到了待人热情的真正含义，并通过这个小小的举动来减少孤立感，建立社区关系。
做完形填空时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时首先通读全文，结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关信息进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在全文的背景下，关注上下文基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
36.【答案】wn
【解析】（1）考查动词时态。句意：在哈萨克斯坦举行的世界国际象棋锦标赛上，丁在14局第一阶段比赛后，在一场速战速决中获胜。描述过去的事情，所以用一般过去时态，故填wn。
（2）考查副词。句意：他的成功在中国广受赞誉，显示出中国在国际象棋中日益上升的影响力。修饰动词，所以用副词，表示抽象意义"广泛地"，故填widely。
（3）考查让步状语从句。句意：尽管Nepmniachtchi打得很顽强，但这是他在冠军赛决赛中的第二次失利。引导让步状语从句，表示"尽管"，所以用althugh/thugh/while，句首单词首字母大写，故填Althugh/Thugh/While。
（4）考查冠词。句意：在决胜局中，每位选手只有25分钟的时间来走棋，每走一步棋都有10秒的额外时间。泛指一个，所以用不定冠词，extra是以元音音素开头的，故填an。
（5）考查可数名词的复数。句意：丁在第四局快速比赛中获胜，并在候选人锦标赛中获得第二名，选手必须赢得比赛才能挑战世界冠军。player为可数名词，所以用名词复数作主语，故填players。
（6）考查形容词。句意：丁的国际象棋之旅令人惊叹，从2009年成为中国最年轻的全国冠军到世界排名第二。作表语，所以用形容词，表示"令人吃惊的"，故填amazing。
（7）考查介词。句意：丁的国际象棋之旅令人惊叹，从2009年成为中国最年轻的全国冠军到世界排名第二。"从……到"，为固定搭配，故填t。
（8）考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：自上世纪90年代以来，中国在女子国际象棋方面一直实力雄厚，1991年，谢军成为首位获得女子国际象棋世界冠军的中国人。根据时间状语since the 1990s，可知用现在完成时态，主语为专有名词，所以谓语用第三人称单数形式，故填has been。
（9）考查动词不定式。句意：自上世纪90年代以来，中国在女子国际象棋方面一直实力雄厚，1991年，谢军成为首位获得女子国际象棋世界冠军的中国人。序数词后跟动词不定式作后置定语，故填t receive。
（10）考查非限制性定语从句。句意：此前还没有中国棋手赢得过男子和女子都可以参加的世界象棋锦标赛。先行词为the Wrld Chess Champinship，在非限制性定语从句中作介词的宾语，所以用which引导，故填which。
这是一篇说明文，主要讲述了来自中国温州的丁立人，在击败俄罗斯的Ian Nepmniachtchi之后，成为了中国第一个男子国际象棋世界冠军。并且介绍了丁的国际象棋之旅。
做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。
37.【答案】Dear students，
In rder t reflect n the imprtant rle mthers play in ur lives and the cuntless sacrifices they make fr us，ur schl magazine is hlding an essay cntest t cnvey gratitude t yur mther，prviding yu with an chance t express appreciatin and lve fr yur mther.【高分句型一】（活动介绍）
Heartfelt stries，memries，and mments that shw Mther's impact n yur life are encuraged.【高分句型二】Yur wrk shuld be limited t 200-300 wrds in English and be mailed t us by June 12 at Schlmagazine@qq.cm.（征文主题和要求）
We expect t read yur tuching stries and celebrating the remarkable cnnectin between yur mther and yu.（希望）
President f Student Unin
【解析】高分句型一：In rder t reflect n the imprtant rle mthers play in ur lives and the cuntless sacrifices they make fr us，ur schl magazine is hlding an essay cntest t cnvey gratitude t yur mther，prviding yu with an chance t express appreciatin and lve fr yur mther.
译文：为了反思母亲在我们生活中扮演的重要角色，以及她们为我们做出的无数牺牲，我们的校刊举办了一场征文比赛，向你的母亲表达感激之情，让你有机会表达对母亲的感激和爱。
分析：这句话使用了现在分词短语prviding yu with an chance t express appreciatin and lve fr yur mther作状语。
高分句型二：Heartfelt stries，memries，and mments that shw Mther's impact n yur life are encuraged.
译文：鼓励讲述母亲对你生活影响的感人故事、回忆和时刻。
分析：这句话使用了that引导的定语从句。
这是一篇提纲类作文，需要写的内容已经给出，但是写作时不要仅仅对要点进行生硬的翻译，而是要添加些内容，使文章看起来更充实，要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文，一定要谈谈自己的看法。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。同时注意要求的字数，不要太多也不要太少。
38.【答案】Paragraph1：
While they waited fr help，Jeremy gave Ian his fd and water and let him lie n his jacket.With the evening grwing darker and the temperature drpping，Ian tld Jeremy t leave him and g back t their parents but Jeremy still did nt leave. 【高分句型一】He thught it was t dangerus fr Ian t be alne n such a cld，windy night.Jeremy made use f his jacket and an extra shirt t keep Ian warm and they rested tgether thrugh the night.（Jeremy Savage用夹克衫帮助Ian保暖）
Paragraph2：
At sunrise，Jeremy decided that the nly way t help his friend was t carry him dwn the muntain.As a result，they started the lng climb back t the campsite.At times Jeremy carried Ian n his back.Smetimes he carried him in his arms.At last，after fur lng and tiring hurs，they met their parents，wh were relieved t see them.【高分句型二】"I will nt frget what Jeremy did fr me，"said Ian afterwards."He saved my life.That is the greatest thing that a persn can d fr his friend."（Jeremy Savage帮助Ian下山，遇到他们的父母，Ian很感激Jeremy Savage）
【解析】本文为记叙文。文章主要讲述了17岁的Jeremy Savage和16岁的Ian Marshall和父母前往落基山脉的一次旅行中，他们的友谊受到了极限的考验。两个男孩决定自己爬大教堂山，他们到达了山顶，从山顶欣赏了美丽的景色。下山的时候Ian从小路边上掉了三米远，Jeremy Savage一直陪伴他。
高分句型一：With the evening grwing darker and the temperature drpping，Ian tld Jeremy t leave him and g back t their parents but Jeremy still did nt leave.
译文：随着夜幕降临，气温下降，伊恩告诉杰瑞米离开他，回到他们的父母身边，但杰瑞米仍然没有离开。
分析：这句话使用了with复合结构。
高分句型二：At last，after fur lng and tiring hurs，they met their parents，wh were relieved t see them.
译文：终于，在四个漫长而疲惫的小时后，他们见到了他们的父母，他们看到他们松了一口气。
分析：这句话使用了wh引导的非限制性定语从句。
解题方法点拨
（1）品读原文。确定文章线索
每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此类短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
在确定了思路和内容之后。最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。