2022-2023学年福建省宁德市高一（下）期末英语试卷(含详细答案解析)

这是一份2022-2023学年福建省宁德市高一（下）期末英语试卷(含详细答案解析)，共21页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，阅读七选五，完形填空，语法填空，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
一、阅读理解：本大题共15小题，共37.5分。
A
Tky has a great range f cafes，but many dn't ffer free wireless Internet access r pwer utlets （电源插座）.S，fr the benefit f thse lking fr free Wi-Fi，here are ur tp spts in the Japanese capital.
Cffee Valley
Cffee Valley is a small cffee shp.While the first flr has limited seating，there are utlets fr each seat.If yu dn't need t charge，the secnd flr is much mre spacius with an area that can accmmdate grups f up t fur peple.They als have a gd selectin f snacks t accmpany yur cffee.
Date：Open daily.
Time：8 A.M.—8 P.M. （Frm 9 weekends）.
Lcatin：A five-minute walk frm the east exit f Ikebukur Statin.
10° Cafe
10° Cafe is the perfect place fr early birds.Fr sme peace and quiet，wrk n the secnd flr.At 10° Cafe，each seat has pwer utlets while their cunter seats ffer a great view f the surrunding neighbrhd.Their menu prices befre 11 discunted breakfast.
Date：Daily （Clsed every third Sunday f the mnth）.
Time：7：30 A.M.—9 P.M.
Lcatin：A five-minute walk frm Takadanbaba Statin.
Gd Sund Cffee
Cme fr the cffee，and stay fr their music selectin.Gd Sund Cffee is a friendly neighbrhd cafe clse t Nakamegur Statin.There are indr and utdr seats and plenty f utlets.It might get crwded n the weekends，and the cafe ffers discunts n fd items.
Date：Daily
Time：8 A.M.—11 P.M.
Lcatin：A three-minute walk frm the east exit f Nakamegur Statin.
Valley Park Stand
Valley Park Stand pens frm early in the mrning t late in the evening.There are public tables with pwer utlets.It's spacius with lts f natural light a few steps away frm the Miyashita Park.There is a decently sized menu with tea，cffee and varius sandwiches and bites.
Date：Daily.
Time：8 A.M.—10 P.M.
Lcatin：A few minutes' walk frm Miyashita Park.
1.What is the special part f 10° Cafe？ ______
A. It pens t the late night.
B. It has ne day ff each mnth.
C. It ffers different delicius snacks.
D. It's nt far frm the Ikebukur Statin.
2.Which cafe is friendly t music lvers？ ______
A. 10°Cafe.B. Cffee Valley.
C. Gd Sund Cffee.D. Valley Park Stand.
3.What d 10° Cafe and Gd Sund Cffee have in cmmn？ ______
A. Custmers can enjy varius snacks.
B. Custmers can still drink cffee at 10 the cafes.
C. Custmers can get easy access t Nakamegur Statin.
D. Custmers can get fd at a cheaper price during a certain perid.
B
Jnathan the trtise，the wrld's ldest land animal，turned 190 ver the weekend n the island f St.Helena，where he enjyed a "cake" f leafy greens，seasnal fruits and vegetables，including carrts carved int the number "190".
Jnathan was brught t St.Helena frm the Seychelles in 1882 as a gift.Accrding t Guinness Wrld Recrds，Jnathan surpassed the previus recrd hlder，Tu'i Malila，wh lived in the 1770s until 1965 and culd be even lder.He arrived in St.Helena as a fully mature trtise，meaning he was at least 50 in 1882.
"The vet is still feeding him by hand nce a week t bst his calries，vitamins，minerals and trace elements，as he is blind and has n sense f smell.His hearing，hwever，is excellent and he enjys the cmpany f humans，and respnds well t his vet Je Hllins' vice as he assciates him with a feast. " Guinness Wrld Recrds said.
"The trtise enjys the sun but n very ht days takes t the shade.On mild days，he will sunbathe his lng neck and legs stretched fully ut f his shell t absrb heat and transfer it t his cre， " says Hllins.When it's cld，Jnathan has been knwn t "dig himself int leaf mld r grass cuttings and remain there all day. "
In mst cases，the lifespan f a trtise r turtle depends n the species and level f care they receive.Generally，they live much lnger in captivity （圈养） than in the wild，because in the wild，they must find their wn fd in additin t aviding meeting predatrs while nt getting medical treatment.Larger turtle and trtise species als tend t live lnger than smaller nes.Click here fr mre infrmatin abut animal recrd hlders.
4.In which year might Jnathan be brn？ ______
A. In 1882.B. In 1832.C. In 1965.D. In 1770.
5.Which f the fllwing statements is TRUE accrding t the text？ ______
A. Jnathan had a birthday cake made f fruits，vegetables，and meat.
B. Jnathan was brn and raised n the island f St.Helena.
C. Jnathan is a very ld but healthy trtise with full senses.
D. Jnathan is the Guinness Wrld hlder f the ldest land animal.
6.Which f the fllwing is nt a reasn why a trtise in the wild has a relatively shrter
lifespan？ ______
A. Species differences.B. Fd shrtage.
C. Lack f medical treatment.D. Animal enemies.
7.Where can readers prbably find the article？ ______
A. In a bilgy textbk.B. On a news website.
C. In a science fictin.D. In a travel brchure.
C
Frty-three years seems like a lng time t remember the name f a mere acquaintance （认识的人）.I have frgtten the name f the ld lady t whm I delivered newspapers but I can't frget the lessn she taught me in frgiveness .
On a winter afternn，a friend and I were thrwing stnes nt the rf f the ld lady's huse .I fund myself a perfectly smth rck and threw it ut.The stne was t smth，hwever，s it slipped frm my hand as I let it g and headed straight nt fr the rf but fr a small windw f the huse.
At the sund f brken glass，we knew we were in truble.We turned and ran away fast.I was t scared abut getting caught that first night by the ld lady with the brken windw.Hwever，a few days later，when I was sure that I hadn't been discvered，I started t feel guilty fr her misfrtune.
She still greeted me with a smile each day when I gave her the paper，but I was n lnger able t act cmfrtable in her presence.I made up my mind that I wuld save my paper delivery mney，and in three weeks I had the seven dllars that I thught wuld cver the cst f her windw.
I put the mney in an envelpe with a nte explaining that I was srry fr breaking her windw and hped that the seven dllars wuld cver the cst fr repairing it.I waited until dark，and put the letter I didn't sign in her letter bx.
The next day，I handed the ld lady her paper and was able t return the warm smile that I was receiving frm her.
She thanked me fr the paper and gave me a bag f ckies she had made herself.I thanked her and ate the ckies happily.
After several ckies，I felt an envelpe and pulled it ut f the bag.When I pened the envelpe，I was stunned.Inside were the seven dllars and a shrt nte that said， "I'm prud f yu."
8.What happened when the authr brke the ld lady's windw？ ______
A. He was caught red-handed.B. He thught he was nt discvered.
C. He left seven dllars right nw.D. He reprted t the plice at nce.
9.What is true accrding t the passage？ ______
A. The authr brrwed seven dllars t give t the ld lady.
B. The authr felt quite all right after the accident .
C. The ld lady had already discvered wh brke her windw.
D. The ld lady kept the mney given by the by.
10.We may knw frm the passage that the ld lady was ______ .
A. criticalB. suspiciusC. generusD. gentle
11.The authr wrte the passage t ______ .
A. tell the readers the life stry f a nice ld lady
B. tell the readers a lessn he remembered fr 43 years
C. talk abut his paper-delivery adventure
D. talk abut a yung by's interesting stry
D
With greater climate disasters lying ahead，it is natural fr us t make every effrt t stp a series f flds，unusual snwstrms，and alarming reprts frm scientists.Fr many f us，part f that means running ut t buy reusable drinking tubes，rganic cleaners，and packaging-free prducts.
Hwever，befre yu are jyful f yur "green" purchases，take a secnd t cnsider a principle that shuld be bvius：simply cnsuming less is better fr the planet.After all，every new item a factry pumps ut requires sme resurces t prduce.But in the cnfusing stream f envirnmental news，this simple truth can get lst.Take plastic bag bans fr instance.If yur city is getting rid f single-use shpping bags，it can be tempting t pay fr that fashinable rganic cttn bag hanging in the check-utline f supermarkets.Hwever，experts wh have analyzed the data n envirnmental impact insist that grwing cttn is actually n better fr the Earth than prducing the cnventinal plastic bag.Any bag yu already wn is yur best bet fr carrying yur grceries if yu care abut sustainability.
It is nt just the Earth that will be happier if yu buy less.Yu will feel mre cntented t.There is a cmmn view that green buying patterns mean peple are ging green.Hwever，it desn't seem t be that way.Reduced cnsumptin has psitive effects n increased well-being，but yu dn't see that with "green" cnsumptin.
Many studies have shwn that materialism in general makes us unhappy and lnely.It is perfectly pssible t be a materialist and an envirnmentalist at the same time.Lusting （欲望） fr every new "green" prduct n the market might make yu feel gd abut yurself but it presents the same emtinal traps as lusting fr whatever the Jneses next dr are buying.If yu relieve yurself f that burden f wnership，mst peple reprt feeling a lt better and freer.
12.What is the functin f Paragraph 1？ ______
A. T intrduce the tpic.B. T send a warning.
C. T ffer practical advice.D. T advcate green purchases.
13.Why des the authr mentin "plastic bag ban"？ ______
A. T prmte cttn bags.
B. T call fr less cnsumptin.
C. T ban the using f plastic bags.
D. T reveal the harm f using plastic bags.
14.What d many peple believe accrding t the text？ ______
A. Buying less des benefit t the Earth.
B. Green cnsumptin increases well-being.
C. Buying green indicates a green awareness.
D. Being green gives rise t mre cnsumptin.
15.What's the best title fr the text？ ______
A. Green Prducts Win Ppularity
B. Dn't Be Lst in Envirnmental Passin
C. Buying Green Is Never a Final Slutin
D. Buying Less Beats Buying Green
二、阅读七选五：本大题共5小题，共12.5分。
Mdern humans have nly existed fr a relatively shrt time，and maybe we'd like t stick arund a lt lnger.But hw can we d that？
Figure ut climate change.
（ 1） ______ There have been times in the past when it's been htter than it is tday，and times when it's been cler.But there is smething different abut the past century.As far as we can tell frm the recrd，there has been n time in Earth's entire histry when the climate has warmed s much in such a shrt amunt f time.（2） ______ There are：mre frequent and mre severe extreme weather events like trnades and hurricanes；drughts increasing；mre changeable weather，with seasns beginning t lack regularity；and sea level rises.While climate change desn't necessarily pse an existential threat t human existence，it surely pses a threat t hw we like t live ur lives in mdern sciety.
Figure ut nuclear weapns.
A single nuclear weapn desn't pse a threat t all f humanity，but the thusands f them in the wrld right nw certainly d.（3） ______ Just cnsider all the "near misses" in recent histry，where nuclear war was avided thanks nly t the quick thinking f individuals.We can nly try ur luck fr s lng.And ne accident can lead t larger scale nuclear cnflict.（4） ______
Figure ut asterids（小行星）.
If yu want t knw the terrible cnsequences fr ignring space brne threats，just ask the dinsaurs hw well it wrked ut fr them.Asterids have the ability t cause massive extinctin events，wiping ut vast numbers f entire species.（5） ______ Fr humanity t make it t the lng-term，we need t equip urselves with asterid detectin and reductin strategies
A.The cnsequences can't be avided.
B.Cuntries are jining hands t slve it.
C.Nw the chances f ne nuclear explsin increase
D.The earth's climate has changed fr millins f years.
E.While these kinds f events are rare，the risks are severe.
F.And we can see the effects f climate change everywhere.
G.We need t disarm as much as pssible t reduce the risk f disaster.
16.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
17.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
18.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
19.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
20.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
三、完形填空：本大题共15小题，共15分。
It was Mther's Day and I was shpping at the lcal supermarket with my five-year-ld sn，Tenysn.As we were （1） ______ ，we realized that nly minutes earlier an （2） ______ wman had fallen ver at the entrance and hit her head n the grund. （3） ______ was with her，but there was bld everywhere and the wman was embarrassed and clearly in shck. （4） ______ a lt f peple stpped t help ut.
While we were walking twards the scene，Tenysn became very （5） ______ abut what had happened t the elderly cuple.He （6） ______ t me， "Mm，it's nt much fun falling ver in frnt f （7） ______ ." Seeing that there was a flwer stall （摊位） at the frnt f the supermarket，he added， "Why shuldn't we （8） ______ the lady a flwer？It will make her feel better." I was （9） ______ that he'd cme up with this wise idea.S we went ver and tld the flwer seller （10） ______ we wanted. "Just take it，" she replied. "I can't take yur mney fr such a wnderful （11） ______ ."
By nw medical staff （医疗团队） had arrived，and were （12） ______ the injured wman.We gave the flwer t the wman's husband and I tld him it was （13） ______ my sn.At that，the ld man started crying and said， "Thank yu very much." He then turned t me， "Yu have a （14） ______ sn.Happy Mther's Day t yu."
The man bent dwn and gave his wife the flwer，the ld lady lked up at Tenysn with lve in her eyes and gave him a little （15） ______ .
21.A. leavingB. drivingC. mvingD. stpping
22.A. injuredB. awkwardC. hnestD. elderly
23.A. Her husbandB. My snC. The crwdD. The seller
24.A. SpecificallyB. ParticularlyC. InterestinglyD. Frtunately
25.A. guiltyB. curiusC. angryD. wrried
26.A. cmplainedB. saidC. liedD. respnded
27.A. nneB. smeneC. everythingD. anyne
28.A. lendB. bringC. leaveD. buy
29.A. amazedB. shckedC. puzzledD. cncerned
30.A. whichB. whenC. whatD. whether
31.A. sceneB. habitC. flwerD. actin
32.A. checking withB. lking afterC. perating nD. praying fr
33.A. frmB. tC. withD. abut
34.A. respectfulB. cheerfulC. successfulD. wnderful
35.A. ideaB. mneyC. smileD. cmfrt
四、语法填空：本大题共1小题，共15分。
36.The Chengdu Sprts Center，a giant stadium at the heart f the prvincial capital f suthwest China's Sichuan，nce （1） ______ （ huse） many internatinal grup matches，where numerus stars including Mariah Carey and Avril Lavigne perfrmed fr their Chinese fans here.
Back t 2013，a renvatin revealed relics dating back t the Han Dynasty right underneath the middle f the venue.It created a（2） ______ （ cmplete） unfrgettable view.Surrunded by the （3） ______ （ seat） nw still in gd cnditin，the middle f the frmer field has becme a grand excavatin site （4） ______ （ expse） ancient city walls，streets and canals，huses and gardens.
After nine years f excavatin，the Dnghuamen histrical site pened t a（5） ______ （ give） grup f lcal residents n Sunday.The site has been thrugh 21 dynasties，（ 6） ______ relics dating back 2，000 years，" said Shan Jixiang，（ 7） ______ established histrian.Spanning （横跨） 50，000 square meters，the site prves Chengdu's city site has remained in the same place fr ver 3，000 years，（ 8） ______ is rare in the wrld. "Dnghuamen has the ptential （9） ______ （ fill） a blank f cre cities f China n the UNESCO Wrld Cultural Heritage List，" said Shan.
An archaelgical park is under cnstructin at the site.The first stage will be finished in tw weeks and will be made public tw mnths （10） ______ the Universiade （大学生运动会） is held in Chengdu in July，2023.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
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(10)
五、书面表达：本大题共2小题，共40分。
37.你校最近组织了一次采摘茶叶活动。请向学校校刊英语专栏写一篇报道，介绍这次活动，内容包括：
（1）活动目的；（2）活动过程；（3）.活动感受。
注意：词数100左右；可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；采摘茶叶pick tea leaves
38.Finders Keepers When my daughters reached the third and furth grades，I ccasinally allwed them t walk t and frm schl alne，if the weather permitted.It was a shrt distance，s I knew they were safe and n truble wuld befall （降临） them.
One warm spring day，a cute puppy （小狗） fllwed them hme after schl.When my husband gt hme that evening，she climbed int his lap t watch TV.The girls were bth begging me t keep her.
She had n cllar （项圈） r identifying marks f any srt.I didn't knw what t d.I thught abut running an ad in the lst-and-fund but I really didn't want t.It wuld break the kids' hearts if smene shuld shw up.
By the end f the week she was part f ur family.She was very intelligent and gd with the girls.This was a gd idea，I thught.It was time the girls tk respnsibility fr anther life.
The fllwing week smething tld me t check the lst-and-fund sectin in the lcal paper.One particular ad jumped ut at me and my heart punded with fear at what I read.Smene was pleading （恳求） fr the return f a lst puppy in the vicinity （附近） f ur grade schl.They sunded desperate.My hand shk.I culdn't bring myself t pick up the phne.
Instead，I pretended I hadn't seen the ad.I quickly tucked （把……塞进） the paper away in the clset.There was nly ne prblem：my cnscience was bthering me.I knew in my heart I had t call that number and see if ur puppy was the ne they were desperately seeking.
It was the mst difficult thing I've ever dne.Finally，with sweaty palms （手掌），I lifted the receiver and dialed.Secretly I was praying n ne wuld answer，but smene did.The vice n the ther end was that f a yung wman.After describing the dg t her in detail，she wanted t cme right ver.
注意：
（1）续写的词数应为150左右；
（2）续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。
Paragraph 1：
Within minutes she was at my dr and I asked her t cme in.

Paragraph 2：
Opening the dr，I nticed a little girl in the car with a small wheelchair next t her.

答案和解析
1~3.【答案】B、C、D
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据10° Cafe部分Date：Daily（Clsed every third Sunday f the mnth）.（日期：每日（每月第三个星期日休息）。）可知10°咖啡馆的特色是每月休息一天。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据Gd Sund Cffee部分Cme fr the cffee，and stay fr their music selectin. （为咖啡而来，为听他们挑选的音乐而留下来）可知，音乐爱好者会喜欢去好声音咖啡馆。故选C。
（3）推理判断题。根据10° Cafe部分Their menu prices befre 11 discunted breakfast. （他们上午11点之前的菜单价格提供折扣早餐）和Gd Sund Cffee部分It might get crwded n the weekends，and the cafe ffers discunts n fd items. （周末可能会很拥挤，咖啡馆提供食品折扣）可知，这两个地方会在特定的时间段提供便宜的食物。A．Custmers can enjy varius snacks.顾客可以享用各种小吃；B．Custmers can still drink cffee at 10 the cafes.晚上10点，顾客仍然可以在咖啡馆里喝咖啡；C．Custmers can get easy access t Nakamegur Statin.顾客可以方便地到达中目黑站；D．Custmers can get fd at a cheaper price during a certain perid.顾客可以在一定时期内以更便宜的价格获得食物。故选D。
本文是应用文。文章主要介绍日本首都东京的热门咖啡馆。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
4~7.【答案】B、D、A、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段Jnathan the trtise，the wrld's ldest land animal，turned 190 ver the weekend n the island f St.Helena，where he enjyed a "cake" f seasnal fruits，leafy greens and vegetables，including carrts carved int the number"190".（上周末，世界上最长寿的陆生动物乔纳森在圣赫勒拿岛度过了190岁的生日，他在岛上享用了一个由时令水果、绿叶蔬菜和蔬菜组成的"蛋糕"，其中包括刻着190字样的胡萝卜），以及第二段最后一句He arrived in St.Helena as a fully mature trtise，meaning he was at least 50 in 1882. （他到达圣赫勒拿时已经是一只完全成熟的乌龟，这意味着他在1882年至少有50岁。）可知，Jnathan可能出生于1832年。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据第一段Jnathan the trtise，the wrld's ldest land animal，turned 190 ver the weekend n the island f St.Helena，where he enjyed a "cake" f seasnal fruits，leafy greens and vegetables，including carrts carved int the number "190". （上周末，世界上最长寿的陆生动物乔纳森在圣赫勒拿岛度过了190岁的生日，他在岛上享用了一个由时令水果、绿叶蔬菜和蔬菜组成的"蛋糕"，其中包括刻着190字样的胡萝卜）可知，Jnathan是世界上最长寿的陆生动物。故选D。
（3）细节理解题。根据最后一段In mst cases，the lifespan f a trtise r turtle depends n the species and level f care they receive.They generally live much lnger in captivity than in the wild，because in the wild，they must find their wn fd in additin t evading predatrs while nt getting medical treatment.Larger turtle and trtise species als tend t live lnger than smaller nes. （在大多数情况下，乌龟的寿命取决于它们所受到的照料的种类和水平。它们在圈养环境下的寿命通常比在野外要长得多，因为在野外除了躲避捕食者，它们还必须自己寻找食物，而且得不到医疗。体型较大的海龟和陆龟也往往比体型较小的同类活得更长。）可知，野生乌龟，寿命相对较短，是因为有捕食者，还存在食物短缺，以及医疗短缺，故选A。
（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段的最后一句Click here fr mre infrmatin abut animal recrd hlders. （有关动物纪录保持者的更多信息，请点击这里。）可知，本文应该在网站上。故选B。
本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了世界上最老的陆地动物——Jnathan龟的生活情况。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
8~11.【答案】B、C、C、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第三段Hwever，a few days later，when I was sure that I hadn't been discvered，I started t feel guilty fr her misfrtune.（然而，几天后，当我确信我没有被发现时，我开始为她的不幸感到内疚）和最后一段When I pened the envelpe，I was stunned.Inside were the seven dllars and a shrt nte that said， "I'm prud f yu."（当我打开信封时，我惊呆了。里面是七美元和一张便条，上面写着："我为你感到骄傲。"）可知，当作者打破老太太的窗户时，他以为没有被发现。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据最后一段When I pened the envelpe，I was stunned.Inside were the seven dllars and a shrt nte that said， "I'm prud f yu."（当我打开信封时，我惊呆了。里面是七美元和一张便条，上面写着："我为你感到骄傲。"）可知，老妇人已经发现是谁打破了她的窗户。故选C。
（3）推理判断题。根据倒数第二段She thanked me fr the paper and gave me a bag f ckies she had made herself.（她感谢我的报纸，并给了我一袋她自己做的饼干）和最后一段When I pened the envelpe，I was stunned.Inside were the seven dllars and a shrt nte that said， "I'm prud f yu."（当我打开信封时，我惊呆了。里面是七美元和一张便条，上面写着："我为你感到骄傲。"）可知，这位老妇人很慷慨。A．critical批评的；B．suspicius可疑的；C．generus慷慨的；D．gentle温柔的。故选C。
（4）写作意图题。根据第一段Frty-three years seems like a lng time t remember the name f a mere acquaintance （认识的人）.（要记住一个熟人的名字，43年似乎是很长的一段时间）结合文章主要讲述了作者43年前一次打破了邻居家老太太的窗户，出于害怕，作者逃跑了。之后作者为此感到内疚，于是通过送报纸把窗户的钱补上了，结果第二天作者给老太太送报纸时，老太太送了一袋饼干，里面正装着作者赔偿窗户的钱以及一张纸条，写着"我为你感到骄傲"。可推知，作者写这篇文章是为了告诉读者一个他铭记了43年的教训。故选B。
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者43年前一次打破了邻居家老太太的窗户，出于害怕，作者逃跑了。之后作者为此感到内疚，于是通过送报纸把窗户的钱补上了，结果第二天作者给老太太送报纸时，老太太送了一袋饼干，里面正装着作者赔偿窗户的钱以及一张纸条，写着"我为你感到骄傲"。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
12~15.【答案】A、B、C、D
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段With greater climate disasters lying ahead，it is natural fr us t make every effrt t stp a series f flds，unusual snwstrms，and alarming reprts frm scientists.Fr many f us，part f that means running ut t buy reusable drinking tubes，rganic cleaners，and packaging-free prducts.（面对更大的气候灾难，我们很自然地要尽一切努力阻止一系列的洪水、不寻常的暴风雪和科学家们令人担忧的报告。对我们中的许多人来说，这部分意味着要去买可重复使用的饮用管、有机清洁剂和无包装产品。）和第二段中Hwever，befre yu are jyful f yur "green" purchases，take a secnd t cnsider a principle that shuld be bvius：simply cnsuming less is better fr the planet.（然而，在你为你的"绿色"消费感到高兴之前，花点时间考虑一个显而易见的原则：简单地少消费对地球更好。）可知，第一段介绍了目前的气候问题使得很多人会选择绿色消费，但实际上这种消费方式并不明智。由此可推知，第一段的作用是为了引出全文的话题：绿色消费不如少消费。A．T intrduce the tpic.来引出话题；B．T send a warning.发出警告；C．T ffer practical advice.提供实用的建议；D．T advcate green purchases.倡导绿色采购。故选A项。
（2）推理判断题。根据第二段中Hwever，experts wh have analyzed the data n envirnmental impact insist that grwing cttn is actually n better fr the Earth than prducing the cnventinal plastic bag.Any bag yu already wn is yur best bet fr carrying yur grceries if yu care abut sustainability.（然而，分析了环境影响数据的专家坚持认为，种植棉花实际上并不比生产传统的塑料袋对地球更好。如果你关心可持续性，任何你已经拥有的包都是你携带杂货的最佳选择。）可知，受到禁塑令的影响很多人会选择购买有机的棉布袋，但实际上这种选择对地球并不友好，更好的选择是使用身边已有的袋子。由此推知，作者提到禁塑令是为了呼吁减少消费。故选B项。
（3）推理判断题。根据第三段中There is a cmmn view that green buying patterns mean peple are ging green.（有一种普遍的观点认为，绿色购买模式意味着人们正在走向绿色。）可知，大多数人相信购买绿色产品意味着具有环保意识。故选C项。
（4）标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章认为目前流行的绿色消费实际上不是明智的，更为环保的方式是减少消费，选择减少消费不仅对地球有益，而且可以提升个人的幸福感。由此可知，减少消费优于绿色消费，D项符合文章大意，适合作为文章标题。故选D项。
本文是一篇说明文。文章认为减少消费比绿色消费更加环保，选择减少消费不仅对地球有益，而且可以提升个人的幸福感。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
我们在做完形填空时，首先需要快速的浏览全文，把握文章的主旨大意；其次要学会带着问题到文中相应的地方，通过细节阅读来寻找或概括答案；最后理清作者的写作思路也非常重要；做此类题时，要多注意一些形容词或动词的搭配，在平时多积累一些固定搭配。
16~20.【答案】D、F、C、G、A
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据下文There have been times in the past when it's been htter than it is tday，and times when it's been cler.But there is smething different abut the past century.（过去曾经有过比现在更热的时候，也曾经有过比现在更冷的时候。但在过去的一个世纪里，情况有所不同。）可知上文应该在说，过去也有气候变化的现象存在，D选项"The earth's climate has changed fr millins f years.地球的气候已经改变了数百万年。"符合语境。故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据下文There are：mre frequent and mre severe extreme weather events like trnades and hurricanes；drughts increasing；mre changeable weather，with seasns beginning t lack regularity；and sea level rises.（更频繁和更严重的极端天气事件，如龙卷风和飓风；干旱增加；更多变的天气，季节开始缺乏规律性；海平面上升。）可知，气候变化会带来很多影响，F选项"And we can see the effects f climate change everywhere.我们可以在任何地方看到气候变化的影响。"符合语境。故选F。
（3）推理判断题。根据上文A single nuclear weapn desn't pse a threat t all f humanity，but the thusands f them in the wrld right nw certainly d（一个核武器不会对全人类构成威胁，但是现在世界上成千上万的核武器肯定会对全人类构成威胁） Just cnsider all the "near misses" in recent histry，where nuclear war was avided thanks nly t the quick thinking f individuals.（只要想想近代历史上所有的"险些"事件，在这些事件中，只有靠个人的快速思维才能避免核战争。）可知，文章的逻辑思路是：一个核武器不会对全人类造成威胁，但现在成千上万个核武器一定会造成威胁。现在单个核爆炸的可能性在增加。看一下近代历史上"差点爆发"的核战争之所以避免了，仅仅是因为个人脑子反应快。"A single nuclear"对应的是C选项的"ne nuclear explsin".而"near misses（差点爆发。）C选项"Nw the chances f ne nuclear explsin increase.单个核爆炸的可能性在增加。"符合语境。故选C。
（4）推理判断题。根据上文We can nly try ur luck fr s lng.And ne accident can lead t larger scale nuclear cnflict.（我们只能继续碰运气，一次事故就可能导致更大规模的核冲突。）以及空前都在讨论核武器问题，作为本段结尾句得出结论：我们需要尽可能多地解除武装，以降低灾难风险。G项中的"disaster"指的就是"nuclear cnflict".G选项"We need t disarm as much as pssible t reduce the risk f disaster.我们需要尽可能多地解除武装，以减少灾难的风险。"符合语境。故选G。
（5）细节理解题。根据上文Asterids have the ability t cause massive extinctin events，wiping ut vast numbers f entire species. （小行星有能力引起大规模的灭绝事件，消灭大量的整个物种。）E项中"While these kinds f events "指的是这句话中的"massive extinctin events".正好承接这句话，进一步说明：虽然这类事件不常见，但一旦发生，危险极大。E选项"While these kinds f events are rare，the risks are severe.虽然这类事件很少发生，但风险很大。"符合语境。故选E。
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人类要想在世界上存活更长时间，需要解决三个问题：1.气候变暖问题；2.核武器问题；3.小行星问题。
七选五阅读是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。
21~35.【答案】A、D、A、D、D、B、B、D、A、C、D、B、A、D、C
【解析】（1）考查动词及语境理解。A.leaving离开；B.driving驾驶；C.mving移动；D.stpping停止。句意：当我们离开时，我们意识到就在几分钟前，一位老妇人在入口处摔倒了，头撞在了地上。根据上句中的"was shpping at the lcal supermarket with my five-year-ld sn"可知，作者和儿子当时正在商场购物，所以这里是说他们正要离开时发生了这件事故。故选A。
（2）考查形容词及语境理解。A.injured受伤的；B.awkward令人尴尬的；C.hnest诚实的；D.elderly年老的。句意：当我们离开时，我们意识到就在几分钟前，一个老年妇女在入口处摔倒，头撞在了地上。根据下文"the elderly cuple"可知，这是一对老年夫妇。由此可知，摔倒的是一个老年妇女。故选D项。
（3）考查名词及语境理解。A.Her husband她的丈夫；B.My sn我的儿子；C.The crwd人群；D.The seller销售者。句意：她的丈夫和她在一起，但到处都是血，这个女人很尴尬，显然很震惊。根据下文"the elderly cuple"可知，这对老年夫妇一起出来购物。由此可知，她的丈夫和她在一起。故选A项。
（4）考查副词及语境理解。A.Specifically特别地；B.Particularly尤其；C.Interestingly有趣的是；D.Frtunately幸运的是，幸运地。句意：幸运的是，很多人停下来帮忙。根据句中"a lt f peple stpped t help ut"可知，很多人停下来帮助老人。由此可知，这是幸运的。故选D项。
（5）考查形容词及语境理解。A.guilty内疚的；B.curius好奇的；C.angry生气的；D.wrried担心的。句意：当我们走向现场时，Tenysn非常担心这对老年夫妇的遭遇。根据下文"Mm，it's nt much fun falling ver in frnt f（7）"可知，Tenysn认为在别人面前摔倒的感觉并不好，由此可知，他在担心老年夫妇的遭遇。故选D项。
（6）考查动词及语境理解。A.cmplained抱怨；B.said说；C.lied撒谎；D.respnded回应。句意：他对我说："妈妈，在某人面前摔倒并不有趣。"根据下文"Mm，it's nt much fun falling ver in frnt f （7）"可知，这是Tenysn对我说的话，由此可知，他对我说"在某人面前摔倒并不有趣"。故选B项。
（7）考查代词及语境理解。A.nne没有一个；B.smene某人；C.everything每件事；D.anyne任何人。句意：他对我说："妈妈，在某人面前摔倒并不有趣。"根据上文"an （2）wman had fallen ver at the entrance"可知，老人在入口处摔倒了，周围一定有许多人。由此可知，Tenysn认为在某人面前摔倒并不有趣。故选B项。
（8）考查动词及语境理解。A.lend借给；B.bring带来；C.leave离开；D.buy买。句意：看到超市前面有一个鲜花摊位，他补充道："我们为什么不给这位女士买一朵花呢？这会让她感觉更好。"根据下文"I can't take yur mney fr such a wnderful（11）"可知，鲜花摊位的人不要作者的钱。由此可知，作者打算买一朵花。故选D项。
（9）考查形容词及语境理解。A.amazed惊讶的；B.shcked震惊的；C.puzzled困惑的；D.cncerned担心的。句意：我很惊讶他竟然想出了这个明智的主意。根据上文"my five-year-ld sn"和句中"this wise idea"可知，我的儿子只有五岁。由此可知，他能够提出这个明智的主意，我感到很惊讶。故选A项。
（10）考查连接词及语境理解。A.which哪一个；B.when何时；C.what什么；D.whether是否。句意：所以我们走过去告诉卖花的人我们想要什么。分析句子可知，句子为宾语从句，空格处单词引导从句，从句中缺少"wanted"的宾语，指物，没有选择范围，应用"what"引导从句，意为"什么"。故选C项。
（11）考查名词及语境理解。A.scene场景；B.habit习惯；C.flwer花；D.actin行为。句意："拿去吧，"她回答。"我不能拿你的钱，因为这是一个令人赞叹的行为。"根据上文"Why shuldn't we（8）the lady a flwer？"可知，我的儿子要买花送给受伤的老人。由此可知，这是一个令人赞叹的行为。故选D项。
（12）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.checking with商量；B.lking after照顾；C.perating n给……做手术；D.praying fr为……祈祷。句意：到目前为止，医疗团队已经赶到，正在照顾受伤的妇女。根据句中"the injured wman"可知，老人受伤了。由此可知，医疗团队正在照顾她。故选B项。
（13）考查介词及语境理解。A.frm来自；B.t朝，向；C.with带有；D.abut关于。句意：我们把花给了那个女人的丈夫，我告诉他这是我儿子送的。根据上文"Why shuldn't we（8）the lady a flwer？"可知，我的儿子要买花送给受伤的老人，由此可知，花来自我的儿子，是我儿子送的。故选A项。
（14）考查形容词及语境理解。A.respectful尊敬的；B.cheerful令人愉快的；C.successful成功的；D.wnderful极好的。句意：然后他转向我，"你有一个极好的儿子。祝你母亲节快乐。"根据上文"At that，the ld man started crying and said，"Thank yu very much.""可知，老人的丈夫感谢儿子的举动。由此可知，他认为作者有一个极好的儿子。故选D项。
（15）考查名词及语境理解。A.idea主意；B.mney钱；C.smile微笑；D.cmfrt安慰。句意：男人弯下腰，把花送给了他的妻子，老太太抬头看着Tenysn，眼里充满了爱，并对他微微一笑。根据句中"the ld lady lked up at Tenysn with lve in her eyes"可知，老人很感谢Tenysn的举动。由此可知，她给了Tenysn一个微笑。故选C项。
这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和五岁的儿子在超市购物时遇到一位摔倒的老人，为了安慰老人，儿子决定买一朵花送给老人，这一举动深深感动了老人。
近几年高考试题中的完形填空有新的变化，试题所涉及的知识面不断拓宽，综合难度不断提高。做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅，用词得当，意思正确。
36.【答案】【小题1】hused
【小题2】cmpletely
【小题3】seats
【小题4】expsing
【小题5】given
【小题6】with
【小题7】an
【小题8】which
【小题9】t fill
【小题10】befre
【解析】（1）考查动词时态。句意：成都体育中心是位于中国西南部四川省会中心的一个巨大体育场，曾举办过许多国际赛事。分析句子可知，空格处为句子谓语部分表示的意思是"举办"，根据前面的可知，应使用一般过去时。故填hused。
（2）考查副词。句意：它创造了一个完全令人难忘的景色。分析句子可知，空格处为句子状语部分，修饰形容词unfrgettable，应使用副词形式。故填cmpletely。
（3）考查名词复数。句意：被现在仍然完好无损的座椅所包围，之前运动场的中间已经成为一个巨大的挖掘遗址，暴露出古城墙、街道和运河、房屋和花园。分析句子可知，空格处为介词by的宾语，名词seat是可数名词，根据句意可知，运动场里的椅子不止一个，应使用复数形式。故填seats。
（4）考查现在分词。句意：被现在仍然完好无损的座椅所包围，之前运动场的中间已经成为一个巨大的挖掘遗址，暴露出古城墙、街道和运河、房屋和花园。分析句子可知，空格处动词expse为后置定语修饰名词site，二者之间是逻辑上的主动关系，应使用现在分词形式。故填expsing。
（5）考查过去分词。句意：经过九年的挖掘，东华门历史遗址于周日向特定的当地居民开放。分析句子可知，空格处动词give为定语修饰名词grup，二者之间是逻辑上的被动关系，应使用过去分词形式。故填given。
（6）考查介词。句意：著名历史学家单吉祥说："该遗址历经21个朝代，遗迹可追溯到2000年前。"分析句子可知，空格处构成with复合结构，充当后置定语修饰名词dynasties。故填with。
（7）考查不定冠词。句意：著名历史学家单吉祥说："该遗址历经21个朝代，遗迹可追溯到2000年前。分析句子可知，空格处为Shan Jixiang的同位语，表示"一位"，后面单词established的开头发音是元音音素。故填an。
（8）考查定语从句。句意：该遗址占地50000平方米，证明成都城址3000多年来一直保留在同一个地方，这在世界上罕见。分析句子可知，空格处为非限制性定语从句引导词，从句缺少主语，代指前面整句话的意思。故填which。
（9）考查动词不定式。句意：东华门有潜力填补联合国教科文组织世界文化遗产名录上中国核心城市的空白。分析句子可知，空格处为后置定语修饰名词ptential，表示"有……的潜力"构成固定短语have the ptential t d，此处应使用不定式形式。故填t fill。
（10）考查时间状语从句。句意：第一阶段将在两周内完成，并将在2023年7月在成都举行的世界大学生运动会前两个月开放。分析句子可知，空格处为时间状语从句引导词，表示的意思是"在……之前"，故填befre。
这是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了成都市中心挖出的千年遗址将首次向市民开放。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
37.【答案】Organized by the Students' Unin，we went t a tea garden t pick tea leaves last weekend.
The purpse f this activity was t enrich students' after-schl cultural life and let students understand sme f the tea culture.（活动目的）We arrived at the tea garden at 9 am，where the staff shwed us arund the tea garden.【高分句型一】Then the staff taught us t pick tea.We picked sme tea leaves by urselves.Finally we watched the prcess f frying tea，which was an eye-pener fr the students.（活动过程）
Thrugh this activity，we understd the tea culture and gt in tuch with nature，which benefited us a lt.【高分句型二】（活动感受）
【解析】 高分句型一：We arrived at the tea garden at 9 am，where the staff shwed us arund the tea garden.
翻译：我们上午9点到达茶园，工作人员带我们参观了茶园。
分析：运用了where引导的非限制性定语从句修饰先行词the tea garden。
高分句型二：Thrugh this activity，we understd the tea culture and gt in tuch with nature，which benefited us a lt.
翻译：通过这次活动，我们了解了茶文化，接触了大自然，受益匪浅。
分析：运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句。
提纲作文在写作时要注意内容是否包含了所有要点。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次，平时需注意积累短语和重要句型。
38.【答案】Paragraph 1：
Within minutes she was at my dr and I asked her t cme in.One lk at the puppy and the wman's face lit up like a Christmas tree. "Here，Lucy，" she called. "Cme t Mamma." Lucy instantly beyed，wagging her tail in delight at the sund f the wman's vice.【高分句型一】Obviusly，she belnged t the wman.I felt like my heart was being ripped frm my chest.I wanted t grab the dg and run.Instead，I smiled faintly.After sme chat，it was time fr them t g hme.（女人看到小狗的反应，以及她和小狗的互动证明小狗是属于她的。但这时作者却不舍，想留下小狗）
Paragraph 2：
Opening the dr，I nticed a little girl in the car with a small wheelchair next t her.When the child saw the puppy，a bright smile spread acrss her face.The wman saw me lk at the chair and ffered an explanatin.Lucy was given t her daughter t prmte emtinal healing after a car accident.When Lucy disappeared，the little girl had gne int a deep depressin，refusing t cme ut f the shell she was in.Suddenly I felt very guilty fr my selfishness and the terrible time they had been thrugh.I knew I had dne the right thing--that puppy was exactly where she belnged.【高分句型二】（作者得知女孩的情况，以及小狗对她的意义，还有作者的感悟）
【解析】文章为记叙文，讲述一个温暖的春天下午，一条小狗跟着作者的孩子回了家，孩子们很喜欢她，虽然作者想过找到她的主人，但看到孩子们对她的喜爱，便不忍心把她送走。一天作者看到报纸的失物招领专栏有人在找这条小狗，内心经过许久挣扎，作者决定拨通上面的电话号码，电话另一头的女士说马上会过来。
高分句型一：Lucy instantly beyed，wagging her tail in delight at the sund f the wman's vice.
译文：露西立刻服从了，听到女人的声音高兴地摇着尾巴。
分析：这句话使用了现在分词短语wagging her tail in delight at the sund f the wman's vice作状语。
高分句型二：I knew I had dne the right thing--that puppy was exactly where she belnged.
译文：我知道我做了正确的事---那只小狗正是它的归属地。
分析：这句话使用了where引导的表语从句。
解题方法点拨
（1）品读原文。确定文章线索
每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此类短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
在确定了思路和内容之后。最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。