109，云南省楚雄州2023-2024学年高三上学期期末考试英语试卷

这是一份109，云南省楚雄州2023-2024学年高三上学期期末考试英语试卷，共21页。
1. 答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、BCD四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Successful wildlife cnservatin ges hand in hand with cmmunity educatin and engagement. Vlunteers wrk with cmmunity leaders and schls t share their passin fr cnservatin and the envirnment.
Rhin Cnservatin in Zimbabwe
The prject is hme t an internatinally renwned Black Rhin Breeding and Release Prgramme which has supprted Zimbabwe’s rhin ppulatin since the mid 1980s. T date, 20 rhins have been brn at the cnservancy, with 12 rhins successfully released back int the wild. Vlunteers play a rle in securing the future f this nce-again endangered animal, wrking alngside anti-paching rangers (反偷猎护林员), wrking n rhin research prjects and getting invlved in the daily care f bth black and white rhin.
Our Rhin Cnservatin Prgramme is a unique hands-n pprtunity t get behind the scenes and experience day-t-day life n a private cnservancy, and be invlved with the prtectin and cnservatin f Zimbabwe’s endangered black rhin.
The aim f the prgramme is t assist the reserve’s established Black Rhin Breeding and Release Prgramme, cllect meaningful data and infrmatin relating t rhin and wildlife cnservatin and animal behaviur, and engage with the lcal cmmunity abut wildlife cnservatin.
Cheetah (猎豹) Cnservatin
In 2021, tw captive-brn male cheetah were intrduced t the cnservancy as part f an internatinal rewilding prgramme. The cheetah are nw free-wandering in the reserve, and vlunteers play an imprtant rle in mnitring and bserving their behaviur, tracking their mvements and recrding their hunting rate.
Vlunteer Wrk
Vlunteers cntribute t a lng-term cnservatin prject and get invlved with a variety f cnservatin activities:
·Wrk alngside rhins, cheetah and elephants
·Cnservancy management
·Wildlife mnitring
·Anti-paching patrls and snare sweeps
·Educate schl-children abut cnservatin, wildlife and the envirnment
·Learn abut what is invlved in running a cnservancy
1. What can we say abut Black Rhin Breeding and Release Prgramme?
A. Its wrk pays ff.B. It is limited t Zimbabwe.
C. It is hme t tw cheetah.D. It has a histry f 50 years.
2. What shuld be recrded abut the cheetah?
A. Their birth rate.B. Their hunting rate.
C. Their area f activity.D. Their sleep schedule.
3. Wh are likely t apply fr the vlunteer wrk?
A. Thse wh live utside Zimbabwe.
B. Thse wh prefer t wrk at hme.
C. Thse wh like engaging with animals.
D. Thse wh wuld like t make a frtune.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了两个保护野生动物的志愿项目及他们对志愿者的要求。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章Rhin Cnservatin in Zimbabwe部分第一段“T date, 20 rhins have been brn at the cnservancy, with 12 rhins successfully released back int the wild. (迄今为止，已有20头犀牛在保护区出生，其中12头犀牛成功放归野外)”可知，黑犀牛繁殖和放生项目的工作取得了成效。故选A项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Cheetah Cnservatin部分“The cheetah are nw free-wandering in the reserve, and vlunteers play an imprtant rle in mnitring and bserving their behaviur, tracking their mvements and recrding their hunting rate.(猎豹现在可以在保护区自由漫步，志愿者在监测和观察它们的行为、追踪它们的行动和记录它们的狩猎速度方面发挥着重要作用)”可知，猎豹的狩猎速度应该被记录。故选B项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Successful wildlife cnservatin ges hand in hand with cmmunity educatin and engagement. Vlunteers wrk with cmmunity leaders and schls t share their passin fr cnservatin and the envirnment.(成功的野生动物保护与社区教育和参与密不可分。志愿者与社区领导人和学校合作，分享他们对保护和环境的热情)”可知，文章主要介绍的两个志愿者活动是围绕野生动物保护展开的，故喜欢与动物打交道的人可能会申请该志愿者活动。故选C项。
B
When trash sculptr Stephanie Hng meets friends fr drinks r dinner, it’s nt unusual fr ne f them t hand her shpping bags full f lids, empty sap bttles, and even a Barbie leg r tw. By nw, she’s used t neighbrs, friends and even strangers giving her their recyclable rejects.
But Hng desn’t need any mre garbage. She has a large cllectin f her wn at hme. “Yu dn’t need t be a trash picker t d this,” she says. “Trash is everywhere.” And fr Hng, where there is trash, there is art. Since 2017, Hng has crafted cmplex sea creatures, realistic-lking jungle animals and ther creatures ut f everything frm plastic frks t plastic tubing as well as a hair dryer, a purse, a tth brush, and even a hair straightener.
Starting with her first piece—a blue deer named Yand that she fashined ut f dds and ends laying arund her flat, which she screwed tgether and spray painted in a makeshift basement art studi—she’s gne n t create mre than 160 trash sculptures.
“I feel very frtunate,” says Hng, wh lves making a living as an artist. “I care abut ur envirnment. The upcycling aspect f it is a lvely byprduct.” Thugh she desn’t cnsider herself a true ec-artist, she hpes she’s inspiring thers t reuse items that usually end up in landfills. But fr her, she says, “The art cmes first.”
Befre starting each prject, Hng figures ut exactly what pieces f scrap (废旧的) metal, tubing and plastics she’ll need t transfrm the pile f junk n her wrktable int smething fantastic, like a majestic ctpus (章鱼) rcketing thrugh the cral r a cute kala hugging a tree.
Since her funky creatins sell n line at prices starting at $400, she’s been frtunate enugh t make trash sculpting her full-time career. “It’s s much mre than I ever expected,” she says.
4. Why des Hng say “Yu dn’t need t be a trash picker t d this”?
A. Because it is hard t pick trash.
B. Because there is trash everywhere.
C. Because her friends give her enugh.
D. Because she has a large cllectin f trash.
5. What des Hng expect thers t learn frm her art frm?
A. T enjy art.B. T cllect trash.
C. T trash sculptures.D. T recycle waste.
6. What des Hng d befre starting each prject?
A. Find enugh fantastic shapes t cpy.
B. Put away the things n her wrks.
C. Make ut what materials suit her wrks.
D. Figure ut what her pile f junk is made f.
7. Which f the fllwing can best describe Hng?
A. Creative and inspiring.B. Diligent and practical.
C. Helpful and generus.D. Humrus and determined.
【答案】4. B 5. D 6. C 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了艺术家Stephanie Hng将垃圾变成雕塑作品，从而激发人们回收利用垃圾的意识。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段““Yu dn’t need t be a trash picker t d this,” she says. “Trash is everywhere.”(她说：“你不需要成为一个捡垃圾的人。垃圾无处不在”)”可知，你不需要成为一个捡垃圾的人，因为到处都是垃圾。故选B项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Thugh she desn’t cnsider herself a true ec-artist, she hpes she’s inspiring thers t reuse items that usually end up in landfills.(尽管她不认为自己是一个真正的生态艺术家，但她希望自己能激励其他人重新使用通常会被填埋的物品)”可知，Hng希望其他人能从她的艺术形式中学习回收利用垃圾。故选D项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第五段“Befre starting each prject, Hng figures ut exactly what pieces f scrap metal, tubing and plastics she’ll need t transfrm the pile f junk n her wrktable int smething fantastic, like a majestic ctpus rcketing thrugh the cral r a cute kala hugging a tree.(在开始每个项目之前，Hng都会准确地计算出她需要什么样的废金属、管材和塑料片，才能把工作台上的一堆垃圾变成奇妙的东西，比如一只雄伟的章鱼在珊瑚中飞驰，或者一只可爱的考拉拥抱在树上)”可知，Hng在开始每一个项目之前都要弄清楚哪些材料适合她的作品。故选C项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“And fr Hng, where there is trash, there is art. Since 2017, Hng has crafted cmplex sea creatures, realistic-lking jungle animals and ther creatures ut f everything frm plastic frks t plastic tubing as well as a hair dryer, a purse, a tth brush, and even a hair straightener.(对Hng来说，有垃圾的地方就有艺术。自2017年以来，Hng用各种材料从塑料叉到塑料管，还有吹风机、钱包、牙刷，甚至直发器制作了复杂的海洋生物、逼真的丛林动物和其他生物)”及第四段“Thugh she desn’t cnsider herself a true ec-artist, she hpes she’s inspiring thers t reuse items that usually end up in landfills.(尽管她不认为自己是一个真正的生态艺术家，但她希望自己能激励其他人重新使用通常会被填埋的物品)”可知，Hng用废品制造出各种雕塑，并希望激励人们学会循环利用，故她是一个有创造力和鼓舞人心的人。故选A项。
C
With a fragrance (芳香) thrugh the bedrms f lder adults fr tw hurs every night fr six mnths, memries skyrcketed. Participants in this study by University f Califrnia, Irvine (UCI)neurscientists gained a 226% increase in cgnitive capacity cmpared t the cntrl grup. The researchers say the finding transfrms the lng-knwn tie between smell and memry int an easy, nn-invasive technique fr strengthening memry and ptentially preventing dementia (痴呆).
The prject was cnducted thrugh the UCI Center fr the Neurbilgy f Learning & Memry. It invlved men and wmen aged 60 t 85 withut memry impairment. All were given seven small cntainers, each cntaining a single and different natural il. Peple in the enriched grup received full-strength ils. Cntrl grup participants were given the ils in tiny amunts. Participants put a different cntainer int their rm each evening prir t ging t bed, and it activated fr tw hurs as they slept.
Peple in the enriched grup shwed a 226% increase in cgnitive perfrmance cmpared t the cntrl grup, as measured by a wrd list test cmmnly used t evaluate memry. Participants als reprted sleeping mre sundly. The researchers say the results frm their study bear ut what scientists learned abut the cnnectin between smell and memry.
Scientists have lng knwn that the lss f ability t smell, can predict develpment f nearly 70 neurlgical and psychiatric diseases. These include Alzheimer’s and ther dementias, Parkinsn’s and alchlism. Researchers have previusly fund that expsing peple with mderate dementia t up t 40 different smells twice a day ver a perid f time imprved their memries and language skills, eased depressin and imprved their sense f smell.
The team wuld next like t study the technique’s impact n peple with diagnsed cgnitive lss. A prduct based n their study and designed fr peple t use at hme is expected t cme nt the market this fall.
8. What field may the findings be applied t?
A. Cntrlling sleep.B. Explring smells.
C. Develping skills.D. Prmting memry.
9. What is paragraph 2 mainly abut?
A. Research results.B. Research prcess.
C. Research methds.D. Research purpse.
10. Hw did researchers assess the perfrmance f the participants?
A. By giving the participants a test.
B. By scanning the participants’ brain.
C. By bserving the participants’ actins.
D. By asking abut the participants’ feeling.
11. What will the researchers fcus n in future?
A. Develping a smell prduct.
B. The impact f cgnitive lss.
C. Applicatin f research results.
D. Ding market research fr their prduct.
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. A 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了加州大学尔湾分校神经科学家进行了一项为期六个月的研究发现，老年人的卧室里每晚持续两个小时的香味，老人的记忆激增。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“The researchers say the finding transfrms the lng-knwn tie between smell and memry int an easy, nn-invasive technique fr strengthening memry and ptentially preventing dementia.(研究人员表示，这一发现将嗅觉和记忆之间长期存在的联系转化为一种简单、无创的技术，可以增强记忆，并有可能预防痴呆症)”可知，该发现可能用于改善记忆力的领域。故选D项。
【9题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“The prject was cnducted thrugh the UCI Center fr the Neurbilgy f Learning & Memry. It invlved men and wmen aged 60 t 85 withut memry impairment. All were given seven small cntainers, each cntaining a single and different natural il. Peple in the enriched grup received full-strength ils. Cntrl grup participants were given the ils in tiny amunts. Participants put a different cntainer int their rm each evening prir t ging t bed, and it activated fr tw hurs as they slept.(该项目是通过UCI学习与记忆神经生物学中心进行的。研究对象为年龄在60至85岁之间且无记忆障碍的男性和女性。所有人都得到了七个小容器，每个容器都装有一种不同的天然油。强化组的人接受了全强度油。对照组的参与者服用了少量的精油。参与者每天晚上睡觉前把一个不同的容器放进房间，在他们睡觉的时候它会激活两个小时)”第二段主要介绍了的是研究是怎样进行的，即研究过程。故选B项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Peple in the enriched grup shwed a 226% increase in cgnitive perfrmance cmpared t the cntrl grup, as measured by a wrd list test cmmnly used t evaluate memry. (通过常用于评估记忆的单词表测试，与对照组相比，强化组的人的认知能力提高了226%)”可知，研究人员通过给予参与者单词表测试来评估参与者的表现。故选A项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“The team wuld next like t study the technique’s impact n peple with diagnsed cgnitive lss. A prduct based n their study and designed fr peple t use at hme is expected t cme nt the market this fall.(该团队接下来想研究这项技术对被诊断为认知障碍的人的影响。根据他们的研究，一种专为人们在家使用而设计的产品预计将于今年秋天上市)”可知，他们研究的新产品将要上市，故研究人员未来将关注研究成果的应用。故选C项。
D
Researchers have prpsed a nvel methd fr cunting and tracking vehicles n public rads, a develpment that culd imprve current traffic systems and help travelers get t their destinatins faster.
Using the cameras already installed n campus buses at the Ohi State University, researchers prved that they culd autmatically and accurately measure cunts f vehicles n urban radways, detect bjects in the rad and distinguish parked vehicles frm thse that are mving.
In previus studies, Ohi State researchers fund that using these mbile cameras prvides much better spatial and tempral (时间的) cverage than relying n ften temprarily placed sensrs that dn’t prvide a view f many streets and rads in a city.
“If we cllect and prcess mre high-reslutin (高清) spatial infrmatin abut what’s happening n the rads, then planners culd better understand changes in demand, effectively imprving efficiency in the brader transprtatin system,” said Keith Redmill, lead authr f the study.
“If we can measure traffic in a way that is as gd r better than what is cnventinally dne with fixed sensrs, then we will have created smething incredibly useful extremely cheaply,” he said. “Our gal is t start building a system that culd d this withut much manual interventin because if yu want t cllect this infrmatin ver lts f ptential vehicles and lts f time, it’s wrth fully autmating that prcess.”
While still a lng way frm ttal implementatin (实施), the study suggests the system’s results bear prmise fr the future f intelligent traffic surveillance. Transprtatin planners, engineers and peratrs make vital decisins abut the future f ur radways, s when designing transprtatin systems t wrk ver the next 30 t 50 years, it’s necessary that we give them data that allws them t imprve the efficiency f the system and the level f service prvided t travelers.
12. Hw can cameras n buses benefit travelers?
A. By shrtening their travel time.
B. By making their schedules tight.
C. By decreasing their transprt cst.
D. By imprving their safety awareness.
13. What can we knw abut the sensrs placed n buses?
A. They prvide mre spatial cverage.
B. They can’t detect bjects n the rad.
C. They cver less view f the urban traffic.
D. They accurately recrd the flw f traffic.
14. What des the underlined wrd “surveillance” in paragraph 6 mean?
A. Operatin.B. Mnitring.C. Prtectin.D. Arrangement.
15. What is a suitable title fr the text?
A. Transprtatin autmatin is n its way
B. It is time t imprve the efficiency f traffic system
C. Transprtatin planners use cameras t make plicies
D. Cameras installed n buses can better measure traffic
【答案】12. A 13. C 14. B 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍的是研究人员提出了一种新方法来统计和追踪公共道路上的车辆，这一发展有望改善当前的交通系统，帮助旅行者更快地到达目的地。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Researchers have prpsed a nvel methd fr cunting and tracking vehicles n public rads, a develpment that culd imprve current traffic systems and help travelers get t their destinatins faster.(研究人员提出了一种计算和跟踪公共道路上车辆的新方法，这一发展可以改善当前的交通系统，帮助旅行者更快地到达目的地)”可知，研究人员提出的是一种新的方法即在巴士上的摄像头能够帮助旅行者更快的到达目的地，即缩短出行时间。故选A。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“In previus studies, Ohi State researchers fund that using these mbile cameras prvides much better spatial and tempral (时间的) cverage than relying n ften temprarily placed sensrs that dn’t prvide a view f many streets and rads in a city.(在之前的研究中，俄亥俄州立大学的研究人员发现，使用这些移动摄像头可以提供更好的空间和时间覆盖，而不是依赖于通常临时放置的传感器，这些传感器不能提供城市中许多街道和道路的视图)”可知，安装在公交车上的传感器不能提供城市中许多道路和街道的视图。由此推知，它们对城市交通的覆盖较少。故选C。
【14题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Using the cameras already installed n campus buses at the Ohi State University, researchers prved that they culd autmatically and accurately measure cunts f vehicles n urban radways, detect bjects in the rad and distinguish parked vehicles frm thse that are mving.(俄亥俄州立大学的研究人员利用已经安装在校园公交车上的摄像头，证明了它们可以自动准确地测量城市道路上的车辆数量，探测道路上的物体，并区分停放的车辆和行驶的车辆)”以及划线词前面的内容“While still a lng way frm ttal implementatin(实施), the study suggests the system’s results bear prmise fr the future ...(虽然距离全面实施还有很长的路要走，但研究表明，该系统的结果对未来充满希望…)”可知，安装在公交车上的摄像头能够自动准确地测量城市道路上的车辆数量，探测道路上的物体，并区分停放的车辆和行驶的车辆，虽然距离全面实施这项技术还有很长的路要走，但研究表明，该系统的结果对未来的交通监控室充满希望的。故划线词与B选项“Mnitring.(监控)”为同义词。故选B。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“Using the cameras already installed n campus buses at the Ohi State University, researchers prved that they culd autmatically and accurately measure cunts f vehicles n urban radways, detect bjects in the rad and distinguish parked vehicles frm thse that are mving.( 俄亥俄州立大学的研究人员利用已经安装在校园公交车上的摄像头，证明了它们可以自动准确地测量城市道路上的车辆数量，探测道路上的物体，并区分停放的车辆和行驶的车辆)”以及通读全文可知，文章讲述的是研究人员提出了一种新方法来统计和追踪公共道路上的车辆，这一发展有望改善当前的交通系统，帮助旅行者更快地到达目的地。由此可知，D选项“Cameras installed n buses can better measure traffic(安装在公交车上的摄像头可以更好地测量交通状况)”概括文章主要内容，符合文章标题。故选D。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Yur guide t a n-spend challenge
A n-spend challenge isn’t abut ttal deprivatin (剥夺) r freezing yur bank accunt. ____16____. The mst cmmn frm f the challenge is t purchase nly necessities and restrain frm buying wants and impulse desires.
Assessing and priritising needs
Befre delving (深入探究) int the n-spend challenge, take the time t assess and differentiate yur essential needs frm yur wants. Identify recurring bills, necessary expenditures and essential items. Distinguish them frm free spending n nn-essential prducts and services. This initial step lays the fundatin fr a realistic and sustainable challenge. ____17____.
Creating a realistic budget
A successful n-spend challenge is rted in the develpment f a well-crafted budget that reflects yur financial reality. ____18____. Allcate specific amunts fr variable expenses such as grceries and bills, enhancing accuntability and prviding a clear radmap fr respnsible spending during the challenge.
Supprt system
____19____. A firm supprt system that understands and respects yur financial gals creates a psitive envirnment, fstering mtivatin and slidarity. Share tips, experiences and celebrate milestnes tgether, turning the challenge int a shared jurney twards financial cnsciusness.
____20____
As yur challenge cncludes, take enugh time t reflect n the entire experience. What insights did yu gain int yur spending habits and pririties? Identify psitive changes yu want t maintain and integrate them int yur lng-term financial strategy.
The n-spend challenge is nt merely a temprary exercise; it serves as a catalyst fr enduring financial wellness. Embrace the jurney, learn frm the experience and watch as yur financial gals transfrm int realities.
A. Establishing lng-term habits
B. Understanding the n-spend challenge
C. It ensures that crucial aspects f yur life remain unaffected
D. Begin by utlining yur incme, fixed expenses and any upcming financial gals
E. Share yur cmmitment with friends and family, encuraging them t supprt yur effrt
F. The n-spend challenge serves as an pprtune mment t cultivate mindful spending habits
G. It represents a cnscius decisin t redirect yur financial fcus and cntrl yur spending habits
【答案】16. G 17. C 18. D 19. E 20. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一些理财技巧和建议。
【16题详解】
根据上文“A n-spend challenge isn’t abut ttal deprivatin (剥夺) r freezing yur bank accunt.(不花钱的挑战并不是完全剥夺你的财产或者冻结你的银行账户)”提到了不花钱并不是完全剥夺你的财产或者冻结你的银行账户，故本句是在解释不花钱的正确概念。故G选项“它代表了一个有意识的决定，重新调整你的财务重点，控制你的消费习惯”符合语境，故选G。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Identify recurring bills, necessary expenditures and essential items. Distinguish them frm free spending n nn-essential prducts and services. This initial step lays the fundatin fr a realistic and sustainable challenge.(确定经常性账单、必要支出和基本项目。将它们与在非必要产品和服务上随意支出区分开来。这一初步步骤为现实和可持续的挑战奠定了基础)”可知，上文提到把经常性账单、必要支出和基本项目与非必要支出区分开来，本句为本段最后一句，故承接上文继续说明这么做的好处，故C选项“它确保你生活的关键方面不受影响”符合语境，故选C。
【18题详解】
根据上文“A successful n-spend challenge is rted in the develpment f a well-crafted budget that reflects yur financial reality.(一个成功的不花钱的挑战根植于一个精心制作的预算的发展，这个预算反映了你的财务现实)”以及后文“Allcate specific amunts fr variable expenses such as grceries and bills, enhancing accuntability and prviding a clear radmap fr respnsible spending during the challenge.(为杂货和账单等可变支出分配具体金额，加强问责制，并在挑战期间为负责任的支出提供清晰的路线图)”可知，上文建议做预算，后文提到了后续做法，可知本句是在说明做预算的第一步，故D选项“首先列出你的收入、固定支出和任何即将到来的财务目标”符合语境，故选D。
【19题详解】
根据后文“A firm supprt system that understands and respects yur financial gals creates a psitive envirnment, fstering mtivatin and slidarity.(一个坚定的支持系统，理解和尊重你的财务目标，创造一个积极的环境，培养动力和团结)”提到了支持系统的重要性，可知本句是在说明培养支持系统所需要的条件。故E选项“与朋友和家人分享你的承诺，鼓励他们支持你的努力”符合语境，故选E。
【20题详解】
根据后文“Identify psitive changes yu want t maintain and integrate them int yur lng-term financial strategy.(确定你想要保持的积极变化，并将它们整合到你的长期财务战略中)”提到了把习惯整合到长期战略中，即养成长期的财务习惯，后文lng-term financial strategy可对应到A选项lng-term habits。故A选项“养成长期习惯”可作为该部分小标题，故选A。
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I was n my way t g t a jb interview when I was stpped by Officer Jenkins. When I ____21____, bth f the brake lights went ut. Thinking that I was stpped fr a(n) ____22____ traffic check, I reached fr my driving license and registratin. I was even ready fr a(n) ____23____.
As he ____24____ the car and saw I was pulling ut my stuff, he ____25____ said, “Dn’t wrry abut pulling anything ut. I just want yu t be ____26____ that yur brake lights are ut.” I was immediately ____27____ because I had just gt them replaced last mnth. I explained t him hw the garage mechanic wanted t ____28____ me $600 just t run a test n the wiring f the car.
He lked at me with a ____29____ and tld me t pp the trunk. With a simple tap here and a tap there, Jenkins managed t get the brake lights ____30____ again.
I was mved by his ____31____. He culd have easily given me a ticket, but he stepped ut f ____32____ rle and int mechanic rle t make sure I was straight. His actin reminded me f the prfund impact a ____33____ act f kindness can have. It’s a call t recgnize thse wh g the ____34____ mile, wh d mre than what’s ____35____ f them.
21. A. pushed frwardB. pulled verC. cunted dwnD. chked up
22. A. rutineB. legalC. criminalD. urgent
23. A. quarrelB. eruptinC. ticketD. excuse
24. A. tackledB. suspendedC. inspectedD. apprached
25. A. immediatelyB. awfullyC. subsequentlyD. deliberately
26. A. infrmedB. awareC. inferredD. sure
27. A. thrilledB. delightedC. upsetD. panicky
28. A. chargeB. payC. fineD. award
29. A. styleB. flashC. smileD. symbl
30. A. cntractingB. cmpetingC. cperatingD. wrking
31. A. genersityB. kindnessC. guidanceD. discvery
32. A. engineerB. designerC. fficerD. citizen
33. A. fluentB. challengingC. suitableD. small
34. A. extraB. idealC. amazingD. hard
35. A. cnvincedB. requiredC. remindedD. expected
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. A 29. C 30. D 31. B 32. C 33. D 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在面试的途中被警官詹金斯拦下，警官仅仅是想告诉他他的刹车灯坏了，作者抱怨修车很贵，之后詹金斯帮作者修好了车灯。
【21题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我把车停在路边时，两个刹车灯都熄灭了。A. pushed frward推进；B. pulled ver靠边停车；C. cunted dwn倒计时；D. chked up塞满。根据“I was n my way t g t a jb interview when I was stpped by Officer Jenkins.”可知，我被警官詹金斯拦住了，故我应是靠边停车。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我以为我是被例行交通检查拦下的，就伸手去拿我的驾驶执照和登记证。A. rutine常规的，例行的；B. legal合法的；C. criminal罪犯；D. urgent紧急的。根据下文“I reached fr my driving license and registratin”可知，我去拿我的驾驶执照和登记证，故我认为是例行检查。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我甚至已经为罚款做好了准备。A. quarrel争吵；B. eruptin爆发；C. ticket罚单；D. excuse借口。根据下文“He culd have easily given me a ticket”可知，警官原本可以给我开罚单，故我为罚款做好了准备。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他走近汽车，看到我正在向外拿东西时，他立即说：“别担心拿出任何东西。我只想让你知道你的刹车灯熄灭了。”A. tackled解决；B. suspended暂停；C. inspected检查；D. apprached走近。根据上文“I was stpped by Officer Jenkins”可知，我被警官拦住了，警官走近我的车。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：当他走近汽车，看到我正在向外拿东西时，他立即说：“别担心拿出任何东西。我只想让你知道你的刹车灯熄灭了。”A. immediately立即；B. awfully非常；C. subsequently随后；D. deliberately故意地。根据上文“As he ___4___ the car and saw I was pulling ut my stuff”可知，警官看到我往外拿东西，应是立即开口说明原因。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当他走近汽车，看到我正在向外拿东西时，他立即说：“别担心拿出任何东西。我只想让你知道你的刹车灯熄灭了。”A. infrmed见多识广的；B. aware意识到的；知道；C. inferred推测出的；D. sure确定的。根据下文“that yur brake lights are ut.”可知，警官应只是让我知道我的刹车灯熄灭了。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我立刻很沮丧，因为我上个月刚换了它们。A. thrilled非常兴奋的；B. delighted高兴的；C. upset沮丧的；D. panicky惊慌的。根据下文“because I had just gt them replaced last mnth”可知，我上个月刚换的刹车灯，现在又不亮了，故我感到很沮丧。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我向他解释了汽车修理厂修理工想向我收取600美元，只是为了对汽车的线路进行测试。A. charge收费；B. pay支付；C. fine罚款；D. award授予。根据下文“me $600 just t run a test n the wiring f the car”可知，汽车修理工想向我收费600美元来检查线路。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他微笑着看着我，让我打开后备箱。A. style风格；B. flash闪光；C. smile微笑；D. symbl象征。根据下文“and tld me t pp the trunk.”可知，警官让我打开后备箱，帮忙修理刹车灯，故他应是面带微笑地看着我。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他轻拍拍这儿，轻拍拍那儿，詹金斯就让刹车灯重新工作起来。A. cntracting缩小；B. cmpeting竞争；C. cperating合作；D. wrking工作。根据上文“With a simple tap here and a tap there, Jenkins managed t get the brake lights ”及下文“again”可知，詹金斯拍拍这儿，轻拍拍那儿，是让刹车灯重新工作起来。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的善良感动了我。A. genersity慷慨；B. kindness善良；C. guidance指导；D. discvery发现。根据下文“He culd have easily given me a ticket, but he stepped ut f ___12___ rle and int mechanic rle t make sure I was straight.”可知，他本可以很容易地给我一张罚单，但为了确保我是清白的，他走出了警官的角色，进入了机修工的角色，帮我修好了刹车灯，故我被他的善良所感动。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他本可以很容易地给我一张罚单，但为了确保我是清白的，他走出了警官的角色，进入了机修工的角色。A. engineer工程师；B. designer设计师；C. fficer警官；D. citizen市民。根据上文“I was n my way t g t a jb interview when I was stpped by Officer Jenkins.”可知，詹金斯是一名警官，他没有给我开罚单而是帮我修车，故他走出了警官的角色。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的行为提醒我一个小小的善举所能产生的深远影响。A. fluent流利的；B. challenging有挑战性的；C. suitable合适的；D. small小的。根据上文“He culd have easily given me a ticket, but he stepped ut f ___12___ rle and int mechanic rle t make sure I was straight.”可知，警官詹金斯没有给我罚单，而是帮我修车，这是生活中的一个小小的善意的行为。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一个号召，以表彰那些付出了额外的努力、做得比人们期望的更多的人。A. extra额外的；B. ideal理想的；C. amazing令人惊奇的；D. hard困难的。结合全文及上文“He culd have easily given me a ticket, but he stepped ut f ___12___ rle and int mechanic rle t make sure I was straight.”可知，警官詹金斯做的超出了他的本职工作，故这里说表彰那些付出额外努力的人。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是一个号召，以表彰那些付出了额外的努力、做得比人们期望的更多的人。A. cnvinced使……相信；B. required要求；C. reminded提醒；D. expected期望。根据上文“It’s a call t recgnize thse wh g the ___14___ mile”可知，这里指的是付出更多努力的人，做得比人们期望的更多的人。故选D。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A cllectin f tmbs dating frm the Han Dynasty t the Six Dynasties perid were discvered in Wulng District f Suthwest China’s Chngqing. The tmb dating back ____36____ the Western Han Dynasty was the mst imprtant amng them, and mre than 600 precius ____37____ (culture) relics such as lacquerware (漆器), wd ware, bamb ware, pttery and brnze ware were unearthed frm it. Due t ____38____ (fill) with water, the tmb remained undisturbed and unharmed, and the funerary bjects were well-preserved.
What is exciting abut this ____39____ (discver) is nt just the large number f unearthed artifacts but als the list f burial items that indicate a precise recrd f burial, ____40____ has been verified as 193 BC, ____41____ (prvide) clarity n the tmb’s date. A piece f unearthed jade ware shws the imprtant psitin f the tmb wner. The list f burial items fund in the tmb is cmplete and ____42____ (clear) recrds the name, quantity and size f the funerary bjects.
The tmb ____43____ (cntain) the largest quantity f lacquered wd and bamb ware ever fund at ne time in the upper ____44____ (reach) f the Yangtze River. Based n publicly available infrmatin, it is als the earliest tmb f the Western Han Dynasty fund in China with ____45____ clear recrded year.
【答案】36. t 37. cultural
38. being filled
39. discvery
40. which 41. prviding
42. clearly
43. cntains
44. reaches
45. a
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在中国西南部重庆市武隆区发现的一批汉代至六朝时期的墓葬。
【36题详解】
考查介词。句意：其中以西汉墓最为重要，出土漆器、木器、竹器、陶器、青铜器等珍贵文物600余件。date back t“追溯到”为固定短语。故填t。
【37题详解】
考查形容词。句意：其中以西汉墓最为重要，出土漆器、木器、竹器、陶器、青铜器等珍贵文物600余件。空处应填形容词cultural“文化的”在句中作定语，修饰名词relics。故填cultural。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：由于充满了水，陵墓没有受到任何干扰和伤害，陪葬品也保存完好。介词t后应接动名词形式作宾语，动词fill与它的逻辑主语the tmb构成逻辑上的被动关系，故空处应用动名词的被动形式。故填being filled。
【39题详解】
考查名词。句意：这次发现的令人兴奋之处不仅在于大量的文物，还在于表明埋葬精确记录的埋葬物品的清单，已经证实这个清单是公元前193年的，从而为墓葬的日期提供了清晰的信息。分析句子可知，空处应填名词作介词abut的宾语。故填discvery。
【40题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这次发现的令人兴奋之处不仅在于大量的文物，还在于表明埋葬精确记录的埋葬物品的清单，已经证实这个清单是公元前193年的，从而为墓葬的日期提供了清晰的信息。分析句子可知，空处应填关系代词在句中引导非限制性定语从句，指代先行词list ，并在从句中做主语，指代物，故用关系代词which。故填which。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：这次发现的令人兴奋之处不仅在于大量的文物，还在于表明埋葬精确记录的埋葬物品的清单，已经证实这个清单是公元前193年的，从而为墓葬的日期提供了清晰的信息。分析句子可知，空处为非谓语，prvide与前文为主动关系，空处应用现在分词形式做结果状语。故填prviding。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：墓中发现的随葬品清单完整，并清楚地记录了随葬品的名称、数量和大小。分析句子可知，空处应填副词修饰动词recrds。故填clearly。
【43题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：该墓含有长江上游有史以来发现数量最多的漆器和竹器。句子描述一般事实，应用一般现在时，主语The tmb是单数名词，谓语动词用一般现在时第三人称单数形式。故填cntains。
【44题详解】
考查名词单复数。句意：该墓含有长江上游有史以来发现的数量最多的漆器和竹器。名词reach“河段”为可数名词，表示多个河段，通常用复数形式。故填reaches。
【45题详解】
考查冠词。句意：根据公开资料，它也是中国发现的最早的西汉陵墓，有明确的年份记录。分析句子可知，空处应用不定冠词，泛指“一个”，且clear首字母的发音为辅音音素。故填a。
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，是校书法社的负责人，你得知你的交换生同学Amy对书法很感兴趣。请你给她发一封电子邮件，邀请她加入书法社，内容包括：
1. 介绍书法社的情况；
2. 发出邀请；
3. 期待回复。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Amy,
Hw is everything ging?
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Amy,
Hw is everything ging? I am Li Hua, wh is in charge f Calligraphy Club in ur schl. Knwing that yu have a passin fr Chinese calligraphy, I am writing t invite yu t jin us in the club.
Calligraphy, as part f traditinal Chinese culture, has attracted generatins f peple bth hme and abrad. The Calligraphy Club was established t meet the needs f students t learn calligraphy. A distinguished teacher with excellent calligraphy skills in ur schl is respnsible fr teaching students calligraphy. I am sure yur calligraphy will imprve greatly in ur club.
I am sincerely waiting fr yur participatin.
Yurs
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给交换生Amy写一封信，邀请她加入学校的书法社，并且介绍书法社的情况。
【详解】1.词汇积累
热情：passin → enthusiasm
成立：establish → fund
优秀：excellent → brilliant
改善：imprve → enhance
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Knwing that yu have a passin fr Chinese calligraphy, I am writing t invite yu t jin us in the club.
拓展句：Because I knw that yu have a passin fr Chinese calligraphy, I am writing t invite yu t jin us in the club.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I am Li Hua, wh is in charge f Calligraphy Club in ur schl. (运用了wh引导的非限定性定语从句)
【高分句型2】Calligraphy, as part f traditinal Chinese culture, has attracted generatins f peple bth hme and abrad. (运用了as引导的介词短语作为插入语）
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
As The Jungle Bk sng Bear Necessities ges, “frget abut yur wrries and yur cnflict” can be a little bit difficult when yu find yurself face t face with a real bear.
Bears are cmmn in the Nrthern Hemisphere. As human habitats stretch tward the wilderness, mre and mre animals crss their paths with thse f humans. This can lead t dangerus encunters especially when precautins are nt in place. In these situatins, keeping yur distance is still the best advice.
Accrding t the Natinal Park Service, ne shuld als remain calm as bears, mre ften than nt, are nt really willing t attack yu. Once in a standff (对峙), avid making sudden mves r lud nises as these can trigger aggressin. 7-year-ld Huxley did exactly what he was tld when he encuntered a massive bear.
It was a Sunny mrning. Huxley was wandering n his way hme when a big hulking (笨重的) figure emerges frm behind him. A hurried glance backward, he knew it was a black bear. The bear apprached cautiusly at first, prbably sizing up the figure in frnt f him. A secnd later, perhaps judging that Huxley was n match fr it, the bear burst int a full sprint (冲刺) and ran its way tward the by.
At first, Huxley was really frightened. Hwever, he knew it was impssible t run r fight with the big beast. In the mment f crisis, he remembered his mther reminds him regularly abut these pssible encunters. She tells him that if Huxley finds himself face t face with a bear and there are n adults arund, he shuld remain calm.
Huxley calmed dwn at thinking f this. He stared at the bear dwn withut any mvement. This might have been the reasn why the yung bear stpped dead in its tracks. They faced each ther mtinless, and there was nly a ft distance between them.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Frm arund the crner, a neighbr hurriedly walked t the scene.
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The neighbr cntinued t pressure the bear while the animal tried its best t find an escape rute.
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【答案】 Frm arund the crner, a neighbr hurriedly walked t the scene. Upn seeing the bear, the neighbr stretched his arms wide pen and walked carefully but stepped firmly tward the wild animal. The bear, seeing a larger animal, backed away. It turned back and then hid behind a parked vehicle. The neighbr, wanting t make sure that the bear wuldn’t d anything dangerus fr them, fllwed the animal. Then encunter turned int a game f hide-and-seek, which lked a little scary and thrilling.
The neighbr cntinued t pressure the bear while the animal tried its best t find an escape rute. After a shrt while, when the bear saw a windw f pprtunity, the animal sprinted away frm the scene. Huxley was rescued. Huxley’s mm was thankful that n ne gt hurt during the shrt but terrifying encunter. The event culd’ve ended really badly if nt fr the by’s presence f mind and the neighbr’s curage and quick thinking. In the end, Huxley rid ff thrugh the neighbrhd, taking with him the lessns he learned in that encunter.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了7岁的小男孩赫胥黎在回家的路上遇到一只黑熊，他保持冷静，一动不动和熊对视，在双方僵持之际，邻居到来，靠近熊，熊后退到一辆车后面，熊找准机会逃脱，小赫胥黎得救。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“从拐角处，一位邻居匆匆走向现场。”可知，第一段可描写邻居到来之后，邻居和熊之间的较量。
②由第二段首句内容“邻居继续向熊施压，而熊则尽力寻找逃跑路线。”可知，第二段可描写熊被邻居吓跑，小男孩得救，妈妈给予邻居感谢。
2.续写线索：和熊相遇——害怕——保持冷静——和熊对峙——邻居赶来——熊逃跑——小男孩获救
3.词汇激活
行为类
①变成：turn int/change int
②冲刺：sprint/dash
③伸展：stretch/spread
情绪类
①令人害怕的：terrifying/frightening
②感激的：thankful/grateful
【点睛】【高分句型1】Then encunter turned int a game f hide-and-seek, which lked a little scary and thrilling.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】In the end, Huxley rid ff thrugh the neighbrhd, taking with him the lessns he learned in that encunter.(运用了现在分词作状语)