【开学摸底考】高二英语01（北京专用）-2023-2024学年高中下学期开学摸底考试卷.zip

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（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分）
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型(A)填涂在答题卡相应位置上。将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角“条形码粘贴处”。2. 作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑;如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。
3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液，不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4. 考生必须保持答题卡的整洁：考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30分）
第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
My jurney hme frm schl is nthing special. I usually find a seat and start checking my 1 , making sure, like everyne else, nt t lk at ther peple.
But last Tuesday was 2 . I was texting my friends when the train suddenly stpped. Then after abut five minutes, peple were starting t get a bit 3 . Then the annuncement came: “We are srry t annunce that this train is delayed. A train is badly brken dwn in frnt f us.”
There was a lud gran (叹息) thrughut the carriage but then smething unexpected happened: 4 strangers started talking t each ther. At first, everyne just cmplained abut the 5 , but then peple started talking abut real things. I chatted t a cuple f yung turists sitting ppsite me. Then I decided t g fr a walk dwn the train. I met a wman wh had been a 6 at my schl several years befre.
Peple ffered each ther fd and drink. A yung wman tk her 7 and sn we were singing alng. Then we heard a sick by in anther part f the train needed help, and the wman frm my schl jumped int actin. It turned ut she was a nurse, and when she came back she was welcmed as a 8 .
Then, after tw and a half hurs, we started mving again. Everyne 9 and sme peple, cmplete strangers three hurs befre, even hugged.
I tk the train again n Wednesday but nthing 10 . I’ll never frget the day the train stpped and peple started talking.
1．A．phneB．seatC．purseD．mistake
2．A．excellentB．hrribleC．differentD．desperate
3．A．embarrassedB．upsetC．surprisedD．satisfied
4．A．angryB．gentleC．unluckyD．cmplete
5．A．seatsB．trainsC．strangersD．schls
6．A．studentB．nurseC．teacherD．driver
7．A．babyB．textbkC．fdD．guitar
8．A．mtherB．dctrC．herD．winner
9．A．jumpedB．chattedC．cheeredD．cried
10．A．passedB．changedC．happenedD．disappeared
【答案】
1．A 2．C 3．B 4．D 5．B 6．A 7．D 8．C 9．C 10．C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章作者讲述自己从学校回家所乘坐火车的一次难忘的经历。
1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我通常找个座位，然后开始看手机，像其他人一样，确保不看别人。A. phne电话；B. seat座位；C. purse钱包；D. mistake错误。根据后文的“I was texting my friends”可知，“我”在看手机。故选A项。
2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但上周二的情况有所不同。A. excellent优秀的；B. hrrible可怕的；C. different不同的；D. desperate绝望的。根据后文的“when the train suddenly stpped.”可知，火车突然停了下来，这与平时的情况不同。故选C项。
3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：大约五分钟后，人们开始有点心烦意乱。A. embarrassed尴尬的；B. upset不高兴的，烦恼的；C. surprised惊讶的；D. satisfied满意的。根据前文的“the train suddenly stpped, Then after abut five minutes”可知，火车突然停了下来，过了五分钟没有消息，人们不知道原因，故开始有点心烦意乱。故选B项。
4．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：整个车厢都发出了巨大的叹息，但随后发生了一件意想不到的事情：完全陌生的人开始互相交谈。A. angry愤怒的；B. gentle温和的；C. unlucky倒霉的；D. cmplete 完全的。根据下文“sme peple, cmplete strangers three hurs befre, even hugged.”可知，坐车的人是完全陌生的人，故选D项。
5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：起初，每个人都只是抱怨火车，但后来人们开始谈论真实的事情。A. seats座位；B. trains列车；C. strangers陌生人；D. schls学校。根据前文的“Then the annuncement came: “We are srry t annunce that this train is delayed. A train is badly brken dwn in frnt f us.””可知，火车不得不停下，故人们抱怨火车。故选B项。
6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我遇到了一位女士，她几年前曾是我们学校的学生。A. student学生；B. nurse护士；C. teacher老师 ；D. driver驾驶员。根据后文的“at my schl several years befre”可知，几年前这位女士是作者所在学校的是学生。故选A项。
7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一位年轻女子拿起吉他，很快我们就一起跟着唱了起来。A. baby婴儿；B. textbk课本；C. fd食物；D. guitar吉他。根据后文的“sn we were singing alng”可知，我们就一起跟着吉他唱了起来。故选D项。
8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：原来她是一名护士，当她回来时，她受到了英雄般的欢迎。A. mther母亲；B. dctr医生；C. her英雄；D. winner赢家。根据前文的“Then we heard a sick by in anther part f the train needed help, and the wman frm my schl jumped int actin.”可知，听到火车另一部分有个生病的男孩需要帮助，“我们”学校的那位女士立刻行动起来，故人们把她当作英雄。故选C项。
9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：每个人都欢呼起来，一些三小时前完全陌生的人甚至拥抱在一起。A. jumped跳；B. chatted聊天；C. cheered欢呼；D. cried哭。根据前文的“Then, after tw and a half hurs, we started mving again.”可知，火车再次开动了，每个人都欢呼起来。故选C项。
10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：星期三我又坐了火车，但什么也没发生。A. passed通过；B. changed改变；C. happened发生；D. disappeared消失。根据前文的“I tk the train again n Wednesday but nthing”和上文作者火车上发生的事情可知，这次坐火车没有发生意外的事情。故选C项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
A
Last Friday Peta-Lynn, a 13-year-ld girl frm Darwin, saved a man frm a huge crcdile. Mr. Graham was standing in shallw water near his bat 11 a crcdile grabbed his left arm. Peta-Lynn rushed t help and pulled him free. While they 12 (head) fr the shre, the crcdile attacked fr the secnd time. It bit Mr. Graham’s right leg and cut it badly. Peta-Lynn dragged him up the bank t 13 (safe).
【答案】11．when 12．headed 13．safety
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了上周五，一个来自达尔文的13岁女孩Peta-Lynn从一只巨大的鳄鱼手中救下了一名男子的故事。
11．考查固定句型。句意：格雷厄姆站在船附近的浅水区时，一条鳄鱼咬住了他的左臂。结合句意和空前的was standing可知，本空填when，引导时间状语从句。固定句型be ，意为“正在做某事，这时……”。故填when。
12．考查动词时态。句意：当他们向岸边游去时，鳄鱼第二次袭击了他们。head fr意为“前往”，是固定搭配。根据第一句中的Last Friday(上周五)和空后的attacked可知，此处应用一般过去时，head的过去式是headed。故填headed。
13．考查名词。句意：佩塔-林恩把他拖到岸边安全的地方。safe意为“安全的”，是形容词，此处应用其名词形式safety“安全”，作介词t的宾语。故填 safety。
B
T predict is t guess what cmes next. Making predictins is a reading strategy, in which readers use infrmatin frm a text and their wn persnal experiences 14 (anticipate) what they are abut t read, 15 (help) students make cnnectins between their prir knwledge and the text. Predicting is als a prcess skill 16 (use) in science. In this cntext, a predictin 17 (make) abut the utcme f a future event based upn a pattern f evidence.
【答案】14．t anticipate 15．helping 16．used 17．is made
【导语】这是一篇说明文。预测是一种阅读策略，读者利用文本中的信息和自己的个人经历来预测他们将要阅读的内容，帮助学生在他们的先验知识和文本之间建立联系。
14．考查非谓语动词。句意：预测是一种阅读策略，读者利用文本中的信息和自己的个人经历来预测他们将要阅读的内容，帮助学生在他们的先验知识和文本之间建立联系。短语use sth. t d sth.表示“用某物做某事”。故填t anticipate。
15．考查非谓语动词。句意：预测是一种阅读策略，读者利用文本中的信息和自己的个人经历来预测他们将要阅读的内容，帮助学生在他们的先验知识和文本之间建立联系。分析句子结构可知help与逻辑主语strategy构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填helping。
16．考查非谓语动词。句意：预测也是科学中使用的一种过程技能。分析句子结构可知，此处是非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词skill，use与逻辑主语skill构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填used。
17．考查时态语态。句意：在这种情况下，基于证据模式对未来事件的结果进行预测。主语与谓语构成被动关系，根据上文Predicting is als可知，句子描述一般性事实，所以此处为一般现在时的被动语态，主语为单数名词，谓语用单数。故填is made。
C
Jhn Augustus Rebling was a pineer in bridge building in the 19th century. 18 (inspire) by an idea t build a great bridge cnnecting New Yrk with the Lng Island, the creative engineer wrked ut a blueprint fr his dream in 1883. Hwever, this wuld be n rdinary bridge, which wuld have t g ver the East River 19 (flw) in mre than ne directin and be tall enugh fr ships t pass under. Thugh having been tld the idea was nt practical and impssible, Jhn culdn’t ignre the visin he had in his mind. Despite all the hardships, Rebling finally drew up plans fr wrld’s 20 (lng) suspensin bridge at that time.
【答案】18．inspired 19．flwing 20．lngest
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文介绍了19世纪末，一个名叫约翰·奥古斯特·罗布林的桥梁建设先驱，他受到建造一座连接纽约和长岛的大桥的想法的启发，突破重重困难，制定出了当时世界上最长的悬索桥计划。
18．考查非谓语动词。句意：受建造一座连接纽约和长岛的大桥的想法启发，这位富有创意的工程师于1883年为自己的梦想绘制了蓝图。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作状语使用非谓语动词，因与其逻辑主语the creative engineer之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，使用过去分词，故填inspired。
19．考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，这将不是一座普通的桥梁，它必须穿过流向不止一个方向的东河，并且足够高，可以让船只从下面通过。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作定语使用非谓语动词，因与其逻辑主语the East River之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，使用现在分词，故填flwing。
20．考查形容词的最高级。句意：尽管困难重重，罗柏林最终还是为当时世界上最长的悬索桥制定了计划。根据上文“wrld’s(世界上的)”可知此处表示的是这座桥为世界上最长的桥，空白处应填形容词的最高级，故填lngest。
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，38分）
第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Picnic Shelter Reservatins
Vancuver Parks and Recreatin maintains fur cvered picnic shelters that are available fr reservatin at the fllwing parks:
● Fisher Basin Cmmunity Park
● Lery Haagen Memrial Park
● Marine Cmmunity Park
● Marshall Cmmunity Park
Picnic shelters are available t reserve between May 1 and September 30 each year. Reservatins are fr the entire day with a reservatin fee f $100. When nt reserved, shelters are available fr free. Reserve a picnic shelter by calling 360-487-7100.
Shelter Reservatin Cancellatin Plicy
If canceled ne mnth r mre befre the rental date, 100% f the fee will be refunded. If canceled 1-4 weeks befre the rental date, 75% f the fee will be refunded. N refunds will be granted if the reservatin is canceled less than ne week prir t the rental date.
Frequently Asked Questins
Q: Is there a way t find ut if an event is already scheduled at a park?
Yes. Cntact Marshall Cmmunity Center at 360-487-7100 t find ut abut events taking place in ur parks.
Q: What amenities (are included with a picnic shelter reservatin?
Reservatins include use f all picnic tables lcated within the shelter and centricity (there is n electricity at Marine Park). Playgrund amenities and restrms will be shared with the public.
Park Use Permits
Depending n the type f event yu’re hsting, yu will need t get a Park Use Permit frm Vancuver Parks and Recreatin. A Park Use Permit gives yu permissin t bring special items and equipment int the park.
21．Accrding t the passage, Vancuver picnic shelters ________.
A．dn’t allw visitrs t hst events
B．can be used fr free when nt reserved
C．are available t reserve all year rund
D．dn’t ffer picnic tables r electricity
22．What is the main purpse f the passage?
A．T explain the rules f park management.
B．T recmmend shelters f different parks.
C．T intrduce the functins f picnic shelters.
D．T prvide infrmatin f shelter reservatins.
23．Where is this passage mst likely frm?
A．A bk review.B．A news reprt.
C．A travel brchure.D．A science jurnal.
【答案】21．B 22．D 23．C
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了如何预定温哥华公园和娱乐中心的野餐庇护所，包括预定费用，取消预定政策、和常见问题等。
21．细节理解题。根据第一段“Vancuver Parks and Recreatin maintains fur cvered picnic shelters that are available fr reservatin at the fllwing parks:(温哥华公园和娱乐中心有四个带顶的野餐庇护所，可在以下公园预订)”以及第二段倒数第二句“When nt reserved, shelters are available fr free.(如果没有被预订，可以免费使用庇护所)”可知，温哥华的野餐庇护所未被预定时可以免费使用。故选B项。
22．推理判断题。根据文章大意以及第一段“Vancuver Parks and Recreatin maintains fur cvered picnic shelters that are available fr reservatin at the fllwing parks:(温哥华公园和娱乐中心有四个带顶的野餐庇护所，可在以下公园预订)”和下文具体介绍的预定信息，包括预定费用，取消预定政策、和常见问题等。由此推知，文章的主要目的是提供庇护所预订信息。故选D项。
23．推理判断题。根据文章大意以及结合文章题目“Picnic Shelter Reservatins(野餐庇护所预订)”可知，本文主要介绍的是如何预定野餐庇护所，通常在旅行或出门游玩时人们会进行野餐。由此推知，这篇文章与旅行和闲暇活动有关，最有可能出自一本旅行手册。故选C项。
B
I was brn missing my left arm. In 1986, at 18 mnths, I was fitted with a prsthetic (义肢) device, a decisin made by my parents and dctrs s that I wuld develp “nrmally”.
I spent my entire childhd and adlescence trying t fit in. I did just abut anything t ease the pains f the stares and pinting fingers frm my classmates. By the time I was 8, I had n self-cnfidence, and the hand I was wearing was making it harder fr me t fit in. S I decided I was better ff withut ne. I didn’t need anyne t fix me.
T prve that I wasn’t limited by my disability, I develped a lve fr all sprts, in particular swimming. I was selected t my first Australian wmen’s swimming team at age 13 and successfully represented my cuntry fr eight years. I realized I’d made a name fr myself because f my disability.
I taught myself hw t be cmfrtable in a sciety filled with insecurities. S when I was first cntacted in 2021 by Cvvi, a cmpany trying t create the wrld’s mst advanced binic (仿生的) hand, I was a bit surprised. They asked me t trial the hand and, if pssible, t becme a patient advcate. Initially, I said n. Then, curisity gt the better f me.
While I was busy advcating fr disability rights, a new generatin f leaders, like Amy Purdy and Nick Vujicic, used the pwer f technlgy and scial media t display wheelchairs r artificial limbs withut explanatin. Peple feared disability less. Sciety was beginning t see a persn first, and their disability secnd.
Viewing disability thrugh a scial lens als meant acknwledging that a persn is mre disabled by their envirnment and the discriminatin f thers than by their actual disability. As thse cnversatins shifted, I realized that there was an pprtunity t use technlgy t steer the narrative fr future generatins. In July 2022, I decided t trial the hand.
The rle f patient advcate is an enrmus privilege. Thrugh sharing my jurney, I’m able t reach thusands f ther peple wh wuld benefit frm its extrardinary capabilities. That’s why I wear a binic hand—nt because I’m brken, but because I have an pprtunity t enhance the human capabilities that already exist.
24．The authr develped a lve fr all sprts because ________.
A．she was lnging fr fameB．sprts gave her self-cnfidence
C．she wanted t defeat her disabilityD．her prsthetic device empwered her
25．Frm Purdy and Vujicic, the authr learned ________.
A．mre peple acknwledged their limits
B．the disabled needed a friendlier envirnment
C．scial media allwed the disabled pprtunities
D．technlgy shifted peple’s attitudes t disability
26．Which f the fllwing wrds can best describe the authr?
A．Intelligent and brave.
B．Warm-hearted and patient.
C．Respnsible and strng-willed.
D．Independent and innvative.
27．Frm the passage, we learn that ne shuld ________.
A．maximize ne’s abilities by embracing reality
B．build ne’s scial circle with ptimism
C．stick t ne’s gal t achieve success
D．take it easy in difficult situatins
【答案】24．C 25．D 26．C 27．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者从小身患残疾，失去左臂，但是并不气馁，参加运动证明自己并不受到残疾的限制并帮助他人的故事。
24．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“T prve that I wasn’t limited by my disability, I develped a lve fr all sprts, in particular swimming. (为了证明我没有受到残疾的限制，我开始热爱所有的运动，尤其是游泳。)”可知，作者爱上了所有的运动，因为她想战胜自己的残疾。故选C。
25．推理判断题。根据文章第五段“like Amy Purdy and Nick Vujicic, used the pwer f technlgy and scial media t display wheelchairs r artificial limbs withut explanatin. Peple feared disability less. Sciety was beginning t see a persn first, and their disability secnd.(比如艾米·珀迪（Amy Purdy）和尼克·胡哲（Nick Vujicic），他们利用科技和社交媒体的力量，不加解释地展示了轮椅或假肢。人们不再那么害怕残疾。社会开始把一个人放在第一位，把他的残疾放在第二位。)”可知，人们不再那么害怕残疾。社会开始把一个人放在第一位，把他的残疾放在第二位，即科技改变了人们对残疾的态度。故选D。
26．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“T prve that I wasn’t limited by my disability, I develped a lve fr all sprts, in particular swimming. (为了证明我没有受到残疾的限制，我开始热爱所有的运动，尤其是游泳。)”可知，作者意志坚定，想通过运动战胜自己的残疾；根据文章最后一段“Thrugh sharing my jurney, I’m able t reach thusands f ther peple wh wuld benefit frm its extrardinary capabilities. That’s why I wear a binic hand—nt because I’m brken, but because I have an pprtunity t enhance the human capabilities that already exist.(通过分享我的历程，我能够接触到成千上万的其他人，他们将从它的非凡能力中受益)”可知，作者分享自己的历程是想帮助他人，让他人从中受益，作者是一名有责任心的人。故选C。
27．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Thrugh sharing my jurney, I’m able t reach thusands f ther peple wh wuld benefit frm its extrardinary capabilities. That’s why I wear a binic hand—nt because I’m brken, but because I have an pprtunity t enhance the human capabilities that already exist.(通过分享我的历程，我能够接触到成千上万的其他人，他们将从它的非凡能力中受益。这就是我戴仿生手的原因不是因为我坏了，而是因为我有机会增强人类已有的能力。)”可知，作者戴仿生手的原因是为了增强人类已有的能力，即我们应该拥抱现实，最大限度地发挥自己的能力。故选A。
C
A butterfly’s wings can have many jbs besides keeping the insect high up in the air. They may be used t attract mates, r t warn ptential attackers t stay away. All f these rles, thugh, depend n their unchanging cluratin. This plays int the idea that butterfly wings are dead tissue, like a bird’s feathers. In fact, that’s nt true. Fr example, in sme species males’ wings have special cells releasing sme chemicals which attract females.
Nanfang Yu, a physicist at Clumbia University, in New Yrk, has been lking int the matter. Tgether with Nami Pierce, a butterfly specialist at Harvard University, he has nw shwn, in a paper published in Nature Cmmunicatins in February, 2020, that butterfly wings are, indeed, very much alive.
In their experiments, the tw researchers used a laser light t heat up spts n the Wings f dzens f butterfly species. When the temperature f the area under the laser reached 40°C r s, the insects respnded within secnds by ding things that stpped their wings heating up further. These actins included a butterfly turning arund t minimize the area t the laser, mving its wings up and dwn r simply walking away.
Butterflies engaged in all f these heat-minimising activities even when the researchers blindflded them. That suggested the relevant sensrs were n the wings themselves. Dr. Yu and Dr. Pierce therefre searched thse wings fr likely lking sensry cells. They fund sme, in the frm f neurns (神经元) that were similar t heat detectrs knwn frm ther insects. They als uncvered disc-shaped cells that appeared t be similar t pressure-sensitive neurns. They guess that these are there t detect defrmatin f the wing infrmatin an insect culd use t cntrl its flight pattern.
The third discvery they made t g against the “dead wing” idea was that sme butterfly wings have a heartbeat. A butterfly’ s wings have veins (静脉). These carry a bldlike liquid which, researchers have nw fund in males, shws a pulse (脉搏) f several dzen beats per minute. The surce f this pulse appears t be the scent (气味) pad, a dark spt n the wings that prduces the female-attracting chemicals. Apparently, this “wing heart” acts as a pump that helps bldlike liquid thrugh the scent pad.
In all their experiments simulating different envirnmental cnditins, Dr. Yu and Dr. Pierce cnsistently fund that, different parts f the wing are cvered by different srts f scales. In particular, tubes pass thrugh scales ver the scent pads. This imprves their ability t spread heat away and helps keep the living parts f a butterfly’s wings alive.
28．What can we learn frm Dr. Yu and Dr. Pierce’s experiments?
A．Butterfly wings have little reactin t external heat.
B．Butterfly wings are cmplicated living rgans.
C．The scent pads n sme male butterfly wings are their hearts.
D．Heat-minimising activities help detect defrmatin f the wings.
29．What is the functin f scales ver the scent pads?
A．Attracting mates.B．Increasing bld flw.
C．Cvering pwerful tubes.D．Prducing the cling effect.
30．Which f the fllwing wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A．Seeing Is BelievingB．Nthing Seek, Nthing Find
C．Mre Than Meets The EyeD．Fine Feathers Make Fine Birds
【答案】28．B 29．D 30．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。人们普遍认为蝴蝶翅膀是死亡组织，就像鸟的羽毛或哺乳动物的毛发一样。但事实并非如此，经过研究证实蝴蝶的翅膀确实是活的。
28．细节理解题。根据第二段“Nanfang Yu, a physicist at Clumbia University, in New Yrk, has been lking int the matter. Tgether with Nami Pierce, a butterfly specialist at Harvard University, he has nw shwn, in a paper published in Nature Cmmunicatins in February, 2020, that butterfly wings are, indeed, very much alive.(纽约哥伦比亚大学(Clumbia University)的物理学家Nanfang Yu一直在研究这个问题。他与哈佛大学蝴蝶专家内奥米·皮尔斯(Nami Pierce)合作，在2020年2月发表在《自然通讯》(Nature Cmmunicatins)上的一篇论文中表明，蝴蝶的翅膀确实是活的)”可知，我们能从于博士和皮尔斯博士的实验中学到蝴蝶的翅膀是复杂的活体器官。故选B项。
29．细节理解题。根据最后一段“In all their experiments simulating different envirnmental cnditins, Dr. Yu and Dr. Pierce cnsistently fund that, different parts f the wing are cvered by different srts f scales. In particular, tubes pass thrugh scales ver the scent pads. This imprves their ability t spread heat away and helps keep the living parts f a butterfly’s wings alive.(在模拟不同环境条件的所有实验中，Yu博士和Pierce博士一致发现，翅膀的不同部位覆盖着不同种类的鳞片。特别是，管子穿过气味垫上的鳞片。这提高了它们传播热量的能力，并有助于保持蝴蝶翅膀上有生命的部分的活力)”可知，鳞片对气味垫的作用是产生冷却效果。故选D项。
30．主旨大意题。根据第一段“A butterfly’s wings can have many jbs besides keeping the insect high up in the air. They may be used t attract mates, r t warn ptential attackers t stay away. All f these rles, thugh, depend n their unchanging cluratin. This plays int the idea that butterfly wings are dead tissue, like a bird’s feathers. In fact, that’s nt true. Fr example, in sme species males’ wings have special cells releasing sme chemicals which attract females.(蝴蝶的翅膀除了让昆虫飞在空中之外，还有很多作用。它们可能被用来吸引配偶，或者警告潜在的攻击者远离。然而，所有这些角色都依赖于它们不变的颜色。这印证了蝴蝶翅膀是死组织的观点，就像鸟的羽毛一样。事实上，这不是真的。例如，在一些物种中，雄性翅膀上有特殊的细胞，可以释放一些化学物质来吸引雌性)”以及纵观全文可知，本文主要介绍了蝴蝶的翅膀除了能让其在空中飞得很高外，还有许多功能，并文中详细介绍了这些功能。由此可推知，本文主要的目的是告诉我们有些事情并不像看到的那样简单。所以C项“Mre Than Meets The Eye(比你看到的更多)”是本文最好的标题。故选C项。
D
In the sprawling metrplis f Grayville, where skyscrapers tuched the heavens and streets were cnstantly buzzing with life, there existed a unique place called “The Crner f Quietude”. It was neither a park nr a building. In fact, it was simply a street crner, marked by a single lamppst with a peculiar sign: “Speak sftly, fr this is a place f slace”.
Legend had it that anyne speaking beneath this lamppst, regardless f the surrunding nise, wuld find their wrds drwned ut, replaced by an mysterius peace. Over the years, many had cme t experience its magic. They spke f heartbreaks, dreams, regrets, and wishes, seeking slace in its embrace.
Ella, a jurnalist new t Grayville, stumbled upn this crner during an assignment. Dubtful, she decided t test the legend. Whispering her deepest fears abut her failing career and struggles in the big city, she was shcked when all she heard was a calming whisper, almst as if the wrld arund her paused.
Ella dug int the histry f “The Crner f Quietude”. She discvered that decades ag, a musician named Alaric had lst his vice and wuld visit the crner every night, playing his silent tunes n a vilin, hping t cmmunicate thrugh his music. Sme believed that the crner absrbed Alaric’s yearning fr expressin and became a place fr all wh sught t vice their innermst emtins.
31．What was unique abut “The Crner f Quietude” in Grayville?
A．It was the ldest park in this busy city.
B．It was where Alaric played music every night.
C．Peple fund their wrds replaced by quietness.
D．It was a silent zne where n sund was allwed.
32．Why did Ella cme t the crner in the first place?
A．T check the legend.B．T whisper her fears.
C．T meet the musician.D．T finish her assignment.
33．Hw did Ella react upn experiencing the crner’s magic?
A．She felt it was just anther city mystery.
B．She immediately believed in the legend.
C．She wrte an article t clarify the truth.
D．She was surprised and felt a sense f calm.
34．What is suggested abut the musician Alaric?
A．He was the funder f Grayville and the crner.
B．He reclaimed his vice by playing at the crner.
C．He played music t disrupt the peace f the crner.
D．His silent tunes cntributed t the crner’s mysterius sense.
【答案】31．C 32．A 33．D 34．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“安静之角”的特殊之处。
31．细节理解题。由文章第二段中“Legend had it that anyne speaking beneath this lamppst, regardless f the surrunding nise, wuld find their wrds drwned ut, replaced by an mysterius peace. (传说任何在这个灯柱下说话的人，不管周围有什么噪音，都会发现他们的话被淹没，取而代之的是一种神秘的平静。)”可知，在格雷维尔的《安静之角》人们发现他们的话语被安静所取代。故选C。
32．细节理解题。由文章第三段中“Ella, a jurnalist new t Grayville, stumbled upn this crner during an assignment. Dubtful, she decided t test the legend. (艾拉是格雷维尔新来的记者，在一次任务中偶然发现了这个角落。她心存疑虑，决定验证一下这个传说。)”可知，埃拉来到这里是为了验证一下这个传说。故选A。
33．细节理解题。由文章第三段中“Whispering her deepest fears abut her failing career and struggles in the big city, she was shcked when all she heard was a calming whisper, almst as if the wrld arund her paused. (她低声诉说着自己对事业失败和在大城市里的挣扎最深的恐惧，当她听到的只是平静的低语时，她震惊了，仿佛她周围的世界都停顿了。)”可知，埃拉在经历了角落的魔法后感到很惊讶，但又感觉仿佛她周围的世界都停顿了，即感到一种平静。故选D。
34．推理判断题。由文章最后一段中“She discvered that decades ag, a musician named Alaric had lst his vice and wuld visit the crner every night, playing his silent tunes n a vilin, hping t cmmunicate thrugh his music. Sme believed that the crner absrbed Alaric’s yearning fr expressin and became a place fr all wh sught t vice their innermst emtins. (她发现，几十年前，一位名叫阿拉里的音乐家失声了，每天晚上都会来到这个角落，用小提琴演奏他无声的曲调，希望通过他的音乐与人交流。一些人认为，这个角落吸收了阿拉里克对表达的渴望，成为所有寻求表达内心情感的人的地方。)”可知，阿拉里那无声的曲调增加了角落的神秘感。故选D。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Have yu becme really interested in self-imprvement lately? This pursuit f mre and better things, whether they be better health, clthes, r mney has been nrmalized, but smetimes t the detriment f peple’s wellbeing. This self-imprvement mindset can make yu feel disempwered, like yu shuld be smene else. Here are five time-wasting self-imprvement habits that are harmful t yu.
Extremely high and unrealistic expectatins
Having gals can be very helpful since it can help give yu smething t wrk twards and place yur energy int. 35 This is a harmful habit because yu’re nt fcused n yurself and yur enjyment f life, but n achieving ther peple’s ideals. Remember, yu dn’t have t be perfect, yu just need t be yurself.
The quick culture mentality
The idea abut hw yu must never give up r that yu must cnstantly hustle, even at the expense f yur health can be very damaging t yur wellbeing. Smetimes, things just dn’t wrk ut and yu need t give up, but that’s nt a bad thing. 36 As much as there are peple wh have supprt themselves and thers by wrking lng hurs, cnstantly hustling withut taking any breaks fr yurself t get yur bearings may nly lead t burnut.
Putting aesthetics (审美) ver health
Scial media can be a tl t help yu change yur life fr the better, it can als mislead hw yu see yurself and thers. 37 Wmen are implred t get dangerus, unnecessary csmetic surgery and men are tld t be jacked and in the gym by any means fr thse gains, but ur bdies are nt trends that we shuld be ashamed f.
Infrmatin withut applicatin
Like many thers, yu may decide t apply the self-imprvement infrmatin nce yu finished reading all f it, but there are s many bks abut it and new nes keeps cming ut. 38 As pwerful as knwledge is, applied knwledge is the best kind. Dn’t be afraid t apply what yu’ve learnt int the wrld.
Visualizatins withut actin
Perhaps yu see yurself as a painter, r yu wish yu’d have a big huse. Visualizing the life yu want and putting it ut there can be a great way t get yurself mtivated. Hwever, this can becme an issue when yu nly put it ut there and dream abut it with nthing in between t bridge the gap. 39 Remember that yu have t actually d it t get there.
A．It can be heartbreaking and tugh, but it may be necessary.
B．It will be t bad if yu fail t keep yur mmentum and wrk n.
C．Yu need t create great expectatins in rder t drive yurself frward.
D．If it lacks the structure and actin, all yu dreamt abut is nly a dream.
E．Hwever, yu might create wild expectatins which are t much fr yurself.
F．Instead f prmting healthy lifestyles, it advertises certain bdy types as desirable.
G．All f these hw-t’s can be helpful, but they are useless if yu dn’t actually use them.
【答案】35．E 36．A 37．F 38．G 39．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了五个对人有害的、浪费时间的自我提升习惯。。
35．由上文“Having gals can be very helpful since it can help give yu smething t wrk twards and place yur energy int. (有目标是很有帮助的，因为它可以帮助你朝着目标努力，把你的精力投入其中。)”可知，下面要说跟“目标，期望”有关的话题，由后文“This is a harmful habit because yu’re nt fcused n yurself and yur enjyment f life, but n achieving ther peple’s ideals. Remember, yu dn’t have t be perfect, yu just need t be yurself. (这是一个有害的习惯，因为你不关注自己和生活的乐趣，而是关注实现别人的理想。记住，你不需要完美，你只需要做你自己。)”可知，本空表示定的目标太高，故E选项“Hwever, yu might create wild expectatins which are t much fr yurself. (然而，你可能会产生过高的期望。)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选E。
36．由上文“The idea abut hw yu must never give up r that yu must cnstantly hustle, even at the expense f yur health can be very damaging t yur wellbeing. Smetimes, things just dn’t wrk ut and yu need t give up, but that’s nt a bad thing. (你必须永不放弃，或者你必须不断地努力，即使牺牲你的健康，这种想法对你的幸福是非常有害的。有时候，事情就是不顺利，你需要放弃，但这并不是一件坏事。)”可知，下面要说跟“放弃”有关的话题，由后文“As much as there are peple wh have supprt themselves and thers by wrking lng hurs, cnstantly hustling withut taking any breaks fr yurself t get yur bearings may nly lead t burnut. (尽管有些人通过长时间工作来养活自己和他人，但不断地忙碌而不让自己休息一下，这可能只会导致精疲力竭。)”可知，本句要表达不放弃的坏处，故A选项“It can be heartbreaking and tugh, but it may be necessary. (这可能令人心碎和艰难，但这可能是必要的。)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选A。
37．由后文“Wmen are implred t get dangerus, unnecessary csmetic surgery and men are tld t be jacked and in the gym by any means fr thse gains, but ur bdies are nt trends that we shuld be ashamed f. (女性被怂恿去做危险的、不必要的整容手术，而男性则被告知为了获得这些好处要不择手段地去健身房锻炼，但我们的身体并不是我们应该感到羞耻的趋势。)”可知，本句要表达和“体型”有关的话题，故F选项“Instead f prmting healthy lifestyles, it advertises certain bdy types as desirable. (它没有提倡健康的生活方式，而是宣传某些体型是可取的。)”能引起下文，符合题意。故选F。
38．由上文“Like many thers, yu may decide t apply the self-imprvement infrmatin nce yu finished reading all f it, but there are s many bks abut it and new nes keeps cming ut. (和其他很多人一样，你可能会在读完所有的书后决定应用这些自我提升的信息，但是关于这方面的书太多了，而且新的书还在不断涌现。)”可知，下面要说跟“书中自我提升的信息”有关的话题，由后文“As pwerful as knwledge is, applied knwledge is the best kind. Dn’t be afraid t apply what yu’ve learnt int the wrld. (知识固然强大，但应用知识是最好的知识。不要害怕把你学到的东西应用到这个世界上。)”可知，本句要表达书中自我提升的信息有用，但是要注重应用。故G选项“All f these hw-t’s can be helpful, but they are useless if yu dn’t actually use them. (所有这些操作方法都是有用的，但如果你没有真正使用它们，它们就毫无用处。)”能承上启下，符合题意。G项中的“use”与空后的“applied”相对应。故选G。
39．由上文“Hwever, this can becme an issue when yu nly put it ut there and dream abut it with nthing in between t bridge the gap. (然而，当你只是把它放在那里，梦想着它，没有任何中间的桥梁时，这就会成为一个问题。)”可知，下面要说跟“梦想”有关的话题。故D选项“If it lacks the structure and actin, all yu dreamt abut is nly a dream. (如果它缺乏结构和动作，那么你所梦想的只是一场梦。)”能承接上文，符合题意。D项中的“dreamt”与空前的“dream”相对应。故选D。
第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32分）
第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
Sme years ag industries had mre freedm than they nw, and they did nt need t be as careful as they must tday. They did nt need t wrry a lt abut the safety f the new prducts that they develped. They tk little ntice f the health and safety f the peple wh wrked fr them. Often new prducts were dangerus fr the peple wh used them and cnditins in the wrk place had very bad effects n the health f the wrkers.
Of curse, smetimes there were real disasters which attracted the attentin f gvernments and which shwed the need fr changes. Als scientists wh were ding research int the health f wrkers smetimes prduced infrmatin which gvernments culd nt ignre. At such times, there were inquiries int the causes f the disasters r the prblems. New safety rules were ften intrduced as a result f these inquiries; hwever, the new rules came t late t prtect the peple wh died r wh became seriusly ill.
Tday many gvernments have special departments which prtect custmers and wrkers. In the U. S, fr example, there is a department which tests new airplanes and gives warnings abut pssible prblems. It als makes the rules that aircraft prducers must fllw. Anther department cntrls the fds and drugs that cmpanies sell. A third department lks at the places where peple wrk, and then reprts any cmpanies that are breaking the laws which prtect the health and safety f wrkers. Of curse, new gvernment departments and new laws cannt prevent every accident r illness, but they are having sme gd results. Our wrk places are safer and cleaner than befre. The planes and cars which we use fr travel are better. Prducers are thinking mre abut the safety and health f the peple wh buy and use their prducts.
40．What had bad effects n the health f the wrkers?(N mre than 6 wrds)
41．In what ways d the departments prtect custmers and wrkers?(N mre than 20 wrds)
42．Please explain the underlined phrase “tk little ntice f” in the first paragraph in English.(N mre than 5 wrds)
43．What is the passage mainly abut?(N mre than 15 wrds)
44．D yu think wrking r living place is safer and cleaner than befre? Please give ne r tw examples.(N mre than 20 wrds)
【答案】40．The cnditins in the wrk place/the wrking cnditins. 41．By testing new prducts, cntrlling fds and drugs and examining wrk places. 42．paid little attentin t/ignred 43．The changes f safety and health f wrkers and custmers.
【导读】本文是说明文。文章对比了工人的工作环境和消费者的权益发生的变化。以前，工人和消费者的权益得不到保障，现在情况不同了，有了政府的介入，相关的法律也得到了完善。
40．考查细节理解。根据第一段的“Often new prducts were dangerus fr the peple wh used them and cnditins in the wrk place had very bad effects n the health f the wrkers.(新产品往往对使用它们的人是危险的，工作场所的条件对工人的健康有非常坏的影响。)”可知，工厂的工作环境对工人有害。考虑字数限制，故答案为The cnditins in the wrk place./The wrking cnditins.
41．考查细节理解。根据最后一段的“In the U. S, fr example, there is a department which tests new airplanes and gives warnings abut pssible prblems. It als makes the rules that aircraft prducers must fllw. Anther department cntrls the fds and drugs that cmpanies sell. A third department lks at the places where peple wrk, and then reprts any cmpanies that are breaking the laws which prtect the health and safety f wrkers.”(例如，在美国，有一个部门负责测试新飞机，并对可能出现的问题提出警告。它还制定了飞机制造商必须遵守的规则。另一个部门控制公司销售的食品和药品。第三方部门检查人们工作的地方，然后报告任何违反保护工人健康和安全的法律的公司。)可知，有关部门通过检测新产品，控制销售的食品药品，监控工作场所，举报违法行为等来保护消费者和工人。考虑字数限制，故答案为By testing new prducts, cntrlling fds and drugs and examining wrk places.
42．词句猜测题。根据上文“They did nt need t wrry a lt abut the safety f the new prducts that they develped.(他们不需要太担心他们开发的新产品的安全性。)”以及下文“Often new prducts were dangerus fr the peple wh used them and cnditins in the wrk place had very bad effects n the health f the wrkers.(新产品通常对使用它们的人来说是危险的，工作场所的条件对工人的健康有非常坏的影响)”可知，此处讲述工厂不担心新产品的安全性，不关心工作场所是否影响工人的健康，企业很少关注工人的健康和安全。因此推断划线句句意：他们很少注意到为他们工作的人的健康和安全，故划线部分pay little attentin t同义。考虑词数限制。故答案为paid little attentin t/ignred。
43．考查主旨大意。根据第一段的“Sme years ag industries had mre freedm than they nw, and they did nt need t be as careful as they must tday.(几年前，工业比现在有更多的自由，他们不需要像今天一样必须小心谨慎。)”和最后一段的“Tday many gvernments have special departments which prtect custmers and wrkers.(今天，许多政府都有专门的部门来保护客户和工人。)”以及全文内容可知，文章对比了工人和消费者健康与安全方面发生的变化。企业以前很少关注工人和消费者的权益，现在政府的介入使得情况得到了一些改善。考虑字数限制，故答案为The changes f safety and health f wrkers and custmers.
第二节（20分）
假设你是红星中学高二学生李华。你校将举办主题为“如何提高英语听说能力”的演讲比赛。请你撰写一篇英文演讲稿。
内容包括：
1. 听说学习的重要性；
2. 学习中遇到的问题；
3. 你的建议。
注意：
1. 词数不少于100；
2. 适当增加细节，使文章连贯。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
Tday, I’m ging t talk abut hw t imprve English listening and speaking abilities, which are imprtant t ur study and future life.
Hwever, mst f the students feel it difficult t understand and cmmunicate with thers in English. Here is my advice fr imprving English listening and speaking abilities. Firstly, speak English mre, bth in and ut f class. Try yur best t cmmunicate with yur classmates in English. Dn’t be afraid f making mistakes because making mistakes is quite natural. I think the mre yu speak, the better yur English will be. Secndly, pay mre attentin t English TV presenters t imprve yur listening when yu are watching TV at hme. I’m sure yu will make great prgress as time ges n. In cnclusin, I wish yu every success with yur study.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生以“如何提高英语听说能力”为主题写一篇演讲稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
重要的：imprtant→vital
困难的：difficult→hard
理解：understand→make ut
讨论：talk abut→discuss
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Hwever, mst f the students feel it difficult t understand and cmmunicate with thers in English.
拓展句：Hwever, mst f the students feel it is difficult t understand and cmmunicate with thers in English.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Tday, I’m ging t talk abut hw t imprve English listening and speaking abilities, which are imprtant t ur study and future life. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Hwever, mst f the students feel it difficult t understand and cmmunicate with thers in English. (运用了it作形式宾语)