Unit2知识清单+练习 人教版英语七年级下册

这是一份Unit2知识清单+练习 人教版英语七年级下册，共10页。
七年级英语下Unit2 What time do you go to school?◆ 用法集萃job与work 辨析 job是可数名词，主要指有报酬的工作。 work是不可数名词，主要指要付出努力的劳动。完成句子。1. 鲍勃想找一份好的工作。Bob wants to find a good ________. 2. 今天我有很多工作要做。I have much ________ to do today. 3. 她每天六点钟去上班。She goes to ________ at six o’clock. get dressed get dressed意为＂穿上衣服＂，dress用作动词，表示＂给（某人）穿衣服＂，接宾语时，只能接表示人的名词或者代词。►He can’t dress himself.►I usually dress my daughter before I go to work.辨析wear, put on和dressfrom...to...意为＂从……到……＂►How far is it from your office to the bank?►We work from morning to night. be late for意为＂迟到＂相当于come late to / arrive late for►I’ll be late for the meeting.►Please don’t be late for school.either… or… 或者……或者……，连接两个并列名词、代词或句子成份。►You can either play chess or play the guitar.你可以下棋或弹吉它。当either…or…连接两个名词作主语时，谓语动词的时态和数应与最近的一个相匹配（就近一致）。►Either you or he is right. 不是你对就是他对【对点练习】（ ）You can ________ stay at home ________ go out to play. A. either; or B. so; that C. neither; nor D. both; and lots of许多，大量，修饰可数名词复数和不可数名词。【拓展】表达＂许多，大量＂的词语还有：【辨析】a lot 和a lot of►She dances a lot better than me. 她跳舞比我好多了。►Thanks a lot. 多谢。►The girl looks a lot taller than before. 那个女孩看上去比以前高多了。►There’s a lot to see here. 这儿有很多东西可看。►He has a lot of / lots of /many things to do every day. 他每天有许多事要做。►There is a lot of / lots of / much rain in Hainan in summer. 海南夏季降雨充沛。【对点练习】（ ）He drinks ________ Cola every day.A. a lot B. a lot of C. a lots of D. many【辨析】sometimes, some times, sometime与some time ►She comes to visit us sometimes. 她有时来看望我们。►Lucy has been to Beijing some times. 露西去过北京几次了。►Jack will leave for America sometime next week. 杰克将在下周某个时候动身去美国。►I need some time to do my homework. 我需要一些时间来做作业。 I usually exercise at about ten twenty. 我通常在大约10点20的时候锻炼身体。 exercise作动词，＂锻炼＂。►His grandpa exercises in the morning.他爷爷每天早晨锻炼。 作不可数名词，＂锻炼；运动＂。►He does about fifteen minutes’ exercise every day.每天他都做大约十五分钟的运动。作可数名词，＂体操；（技能）练习＂。►We do morning exercises every day.我们每天做早操。他爸爸通常早上7点钟锻炼。His father usually ________ at seven o’clock in the morning.句型区分►It is +adj+for sb +to do sth （adj修饰to do sth）It is important for me to learn English.►It is +adj+of sb +to do sth （adj修饰sb） It is kind/ friendly/ nice of you to help me. unit 4 Seasons【词性转换】protect v.保护_________n.保护pollution n.污染_________v.污染important adj.重要的_________n.重要own adj.自己的__________n.主人dangerous adj危险的__________v.危险energy n.精力，活力_________adj.精力充沛的Australia n.澳大利亚________n.澳大利亚人brightly adv.明亮地_________adj.明亮的snowy adj.下雪多的_______v.下雪snowman n.雪人_________复数 雪人wet 形容词 湿的，潮的________形容词干燥的leaf n.树叶___________复数名词 树叶gently adv.温柔地，轻轻地_________adj.温柔地rain v.下雨________adj.多雨的，下雨的heavily adv. 很多地，大量地__________adj.大的，大量的strongly adv.强地，强有力地_________adj.强劲的，强壮的【单词·要点】1.often 副词，意为“时常，经常”，一般用于行为动词之前，be动词或助动词之后，有时也用于句末以加强语气。【辨析often，always，usually与sometimes】2.spend 及物动词，意为“花（时间）”，其后常与介词on/in连用，spend的主语必须是人，常用于一下结构：①“spend + 表示时间/金钱的名词（短语）+ on + 名词”结构表示“花费多少时间/金钱做某事”。e.g.They want to spend five years on the bridge.②“spend + 表示时间/金钱的名词（短语)+(in)doing sth.”结构表示“花费多少时间/金钱做某事”。e.g.She spends all day (in) learning English.3.knock 敲；敲打。接宾语时常先接介词on或at。e.g.Someone is knocking on/at the door.Ex.I usually spend half an hour my homework every night. A.at B.in C.on D.to【短语·要点】1.watch sb. do sth. 看某人做某事，强调动作的全过程。e.g.I watch him get on the bus. watch sb. doing sth. 看某人正在做某事，强调动作正在进行中。e.g.I watch her cleaning the classroom.Ex.I’m watching him a kite. A.flying B.to fly C.flies D.is flying2.start 意为“开始”。start to do sth.和start doing sth.表示“开始做某事”，一般情况下两者可以互换，但下列情形中，要注意其区别： e.g.I start learning English. I’m starting to cook the dinner. Mary starts to guess what is in the bag.3.take a trip 意为“去旅行”。 take 常和名词连用，意为“做....事情”，表示与该名词意义相关的动作。take a trip 也可以说成have a trip，类似的词组还有：take/have a rest休息一下 take/have a walk散步take/have a swim 游泳 take/have a look看一看4.have fun 过得愉快，玩得高兴，相当于have a good time/enjoy oneself。fun是不可数名词，表示“娱乐，乐趣”。常用于have fun doing sth.结构中，意为“愉快地做某事”。 e.g.We have fun flying the kites.5.get married 意为“结婚”，与be married 同义。 get/be married to sb. 与某人结婚。注意此时to不能改为with。 e.g.He wants to get married to a teacher. 【拓展】①marry sb. 表示“嫁给某人/与某人结婚”。 e.g.Mr White is going to marry an actress. ②marry sb. to sb. 表示“（父母把女儿）嫁给某人”或“（父母为儿子）娶媳妇”。 e.g.She wants to marry her son to a rich man.6.put forward 把.....向前拨 e.g.You can put your forward ten minutes.【拓展】put forward的其他用法：①向前移 e.g.Why don’t you put your chair forward.②将....提前 e.g.We have to put the meeting forward.③提出 e.g.Please put forward a new plan.【句子·要点】1.What about you? 你呢？ what about ...? 意为“....怎么样”，与How about...?同义。常用于询问消息、征求意见或建议，其后可以跟名词、代词或v.-ing形式。 e.g.What/How about going home now?2.See how deep The puddles get.看水坑变得多深。 这是一个含有宾语从句的复合句，从句由疑问副词how引导，从句的语序是陈述语序。the puddles 是从句的主语，get是谓语。 e.g.I want to know how he goes to school.3.Sandy footprints Made by me. ....被我踩出串串沙滩足迹。 句中made by me 是过去分词短语，放在所修饰的名词footprints的后面，作后置定语，表示被动的含义。e.g.Do you know the girl named Jenny? 你知道那个名叫詹妮的女孩吗？4.At 1 a.m. on that day,the socks in all pubilc places in the UK are put forward an hour,from 1 a.m. to 2 a.m.在那天的凌晨一点，英国所有公共场所的钟表被向前拨一个小时，从一点调到两点。这是一个含有一般现在时的被动句。被动语态表示被动意义，即主语是谓语动词所表示的动作的承受者。一般现在时的被动语态的构成：be（am/is/are）+及物动词的过去分词。e.g.The boy is often hit.这个男孩经常挨打。【用法集萃】课标单词1.向上 adv. __________ 2.穿衣服v.&n. __________ 3.刷，刷子 v.&n. __________4. tooth(复数) n. _________ 5.淋浴n.&v. __________ 6.通常地adv. _____________7. 四十num. __________ 8.从不 adv. __________ 9. early adj.&adv. __________10.五十 num. __________ 11.工作、职业n. __________ 12.工作 n.&v. __________13.电台、车站 n. ________ 14. o’clock adv. __________ 15. night n. ____________16. funny adj. _________ 17.锻炼，练习 n.&v. _________ 18. best adj.&adv. __________19. group n. __________ 20. half n.&pron. __________ 21. past prep.&adj. __________22. quarter n. __________ 23. homework n. __________ 24. run v. __________25. clean adj.&v. ________ 26. walk n.&v. __________ 27. quickly adv. __________28. either adv. __________ 29. lot pron. _____________ 30. sometimes adv. __________31.尝起来v.&n. _________ 32. life(pl.lives) n. __________目标短语1. __________ 起床 2. __________ 盛装打扮 3. __________ 洗澡4. __________ 广播站 5.__________ 做作业 6. __________ 散步7.__________要么…要么… 8. __________很多 9. __________刷牙10. __________吃早饭 11. __________ 上床睡觉 12. __________ 迟到13. __________对……有好处常考句型1. —What time do you usually get up? 你通常什么时候起床？—I usually get up at six thirty.我通常6点半起床。2. —What time does Rick eat breakfast? Rick什么时候吃早饭？—He eats breakfast at seven o’clock.他在7点钟吃早饭。3. —When does Scott go to work? Scott什么时候去上班？—He always goes to work at eleven o’clock.他总是在11点钟去上班。重点语法1. what time和when引导的特殊疑问句；2. 频度副词。wear穿着侧重于穿戴的状态The girl wears a red coat today.put on穿上侧重于穿戴的动作Put on your coat. It is cold outside.dress给……穿衣服指给自己或者他人穿衣服The boy is too young to dress himself.many修饰可数名词复数。much修饰不可数名词。a lot作副词，意为＂很；非常＂，修饰动词、形容词或副词比较级等。还可作名词短语使用，表示＂大量＂，其后常跟不定式短语。a lot of/lots of意为＂许多，大量＂，修饰可数名词复数时，相当于many; 修饰不可数名词时，则相当于much。sometimes频率副词有时表示动作发生的不经常性，多与一般现在时连用，它可位于句首、句中或句末，对它提问用how oftensome times名词短语几次，几倍其中time 是可数名词，对some times 提问用how many times sometime副词某时表示某个不确切或不具体的时间，常用于过去时或将来时，对它提问用whensome time名词短语一段时间表示＂某一段时间＂时，常常修饰延续性动词，对它提问用 how long知识目标高频词Australia, footprint, wet, kick, town, blow, everything, trip, shine, dry, brightly, picnic, snowy, spend, relative, during, grandparents高频词组take a trip, go on a picnic, make snowman, fly kites, go swimming, have a picnic语法1.能在名词前正确使用形容词2.能在be动词后正确使用形容词3.学会运用句型：It is +adj.+（for sb.)to do sth.often意为“时常，经常”表示动作重复，中间有间断；表示发生的频率比usually要低，但比sometimes要高always意为“总是，永远地”表示动作重复、状态继续，中间没有间断usually意为“通常，平常”很少有例外，发生的频率仅次于alwayssometimes意为“有时”表示动作偶尔发生。可以位于句首，以示强调start doing sth.用在当谈论一项长期的、习惯性的活动时start to do sth.用在当start本身为进行时态时用在当start后接表示心理状态或精神活动的动词时用在当主语是物而不是人时like...best 最喜欢.... in spring 在春天 get warm 变暖 send out 发出go on a picnic=have a picnic 去野餐 at this time of year 在每年的这个时候 make snowmen 堆雪人 the Spring Festival 春节 have dinner 吃晚饭on Monday morning 在星期一上午 plant trees 植树 during the day 在白天in the north of China 在中国北部 at thar time 在那时Ex.( )1.He’s from .He’s an Australian. A.Australian B.Australians C.Australia D.australia( )2.Look!The are falling from the tree. A.leaf B.leafs C.leaves D.leafes( )3.Everything going well. A.am B.is C.are D./( )4.I visit my friends the Spring Festival. A.in B.at C.during D.on( )5.There are people in the park.A.a lot B.lot of C.a lots of D.a lot of( )6.There is snow today. A.big B.heavy C.heavily D.strongly【语法专项】形容词的用法1.形容词表示人或事物的性质、状态，一般置于它所修饰的名词之前作定语，或联系动词之后作表语。e.g. She’s a tall girl. I would like something cheap.We have enough time/time enough. He is happy and I feel sad.2.名词变为形容词的方法：①在名词后面加-y可以变成形容词（尤其是一些与天气有关的名词）。如rain-rainy，cloud-cloudy，wind-windy，snow-snowy，health-healthy,luck-lucky等。②少数以不发音的e结尾的名词变为形容词时，应去掉e再加-y。如noise-noisy，ice-icy。3.It is+形容词+动词不定式（短语） 在这个句型中，常用interesting，exciting，nice，easy，difficult等形容词。e.g.It is important to listen to the teacher carefully in class.【拓展】①在此句型中，如果要说明动词不定式（短语）的动作是谁做的，可在动词不定式（短语）前加一个for引起的短语，作动词不定式（短语）的逻辑主语。e.g.It’s difficult for us to finish the work.②如果表语是kind，nice，right，wrong,clever,polite等描述行为者的性格、品质的形容词，则应在动词不定式（短语）前加一个of引起的短语。e.g.It’s very kind of you to help you.Ex.1.It’s (礼貌) to use quiet voices in the library.2.Don’t be (害羞）when you speak English to foreign friends.3.—Jack,is there in today’s newpaper? —No,nothing.A.anything important B.something importantC.important anything D.important something4.The meat smells .Throw it away.A.well B.good C.badly D.bad5.—What kind of books do you like? —I like funny storybooks.They’re very . A.boring B.lazy C.quiet D.interesting6.It’s dangerous with the wild animal. A.for us to play B.of us playing C.for us playing D.of us to play.7.It is in Harbin in winter. A.rainy B.snowy C.hot D.warm8.It is exciting kites in spring. A.fly B.flies C.flying D.to fly一、根据句意，完成下列这些句子。1.地球表面的 70% 被水覆盖。 About 70% of the Earth ___________ ________by water. 2. 地球上有许多不同种类的植物。 There are many _______ _______of plants on the Earth.3. 地球提供给我们空气、水和食物。 The Earth ________ us _____ air, water and food. 4. 我们有些人以燃烧东西来获取能源,这就污染了 空气。 Some of us burn things to ____ ______. This ______ the air. 5. 禁止随便乱扔垃圾。 Don't_____ _______away __________. 6. 为了我们的未来,保护地球很重要。 It’s _______ for us to ________ the Earth for our future. 7. 春天外出旅行是非常令人兴奋的。 It's ______ to ____a ______ in spring. 8.我们本周三将去野餐。 We will ______ ______ _________ _______this Wednesday.9.秋天,叶子开始变黄。 In autumn, leaves ______ _________ _______ yellow. 10.冬天,孩子们喜欢堆雪人。 In winter, children love to ______ __________. 11.春天，孩子们喜欢放风筝。In spring, children like _____ _____.二、用所给单词的适当形式填空.1.We have policemen for our __________(protect)2.The water ________(pollute) is becoming worse and worse.3.His son is an _________(energy) child.4.Listen everyone! I got some __________(importance)news!5.Who is the _________(own) of this bike?6.It is important for us ________(protect) wild animals.7.Miss Li,can you help me? I can’t solve these difficult _______(problem).8.This is my _______(owner)book.9.There are five________(pencil box) on the desk.10.Three _______(German) are walking on the People’s Square.11.We will have several ______(exam) this term.12.These workers are going to work abroad for three years.Their ______(wife)will have to stay at home alone.13.Our cities has built a few ______(zoo).14.There _____(be) some water in the bottle.15.There_______(be) a butterfly and several bees in the garden.16.There _______(be)seven days in a week.17. Three _______ (quarter) of the Earth is covered with water.18. I saw many _______ (animal) in the zoo yesterday.19. There are many mountains and _______ (field) on Earth.20. There _______ (be) four ___________ (Japanese) and two ___________ (German) in the group.21. The Sun shines ________(bright). Shall we go to the park?22. My hometown is ________(snow) every winter.23. You should eat more vegetables to keep________ (health).24. It is very __________(importance) to learn English well.25. Alice looks more ________(love) than before.26. It's _______ (excite) to play on the beach in summer.27. It's _______ (fun) to act like a cat.28. My elder brother is very active and _______ (noise) in the afternoons.29. There are two rules for driving safely on _______ (ice) roads.30. I feel so _______ (luck) to be chosen as one of the exchange students. 31.It’s interesting to make _______ (snowman) in winter.32.I spend all day _______(learn)English.33There are many _______(footprint) on the beach.三、阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。(共10小题，每小题1.5分)Alex, Nicole and Vickie are good friends. They want to get some money to buy Christmas presents for their family. Vickie has a good 6. “It’s winter,” says Vickie. “There is lots of snow. We can help some people 7 the snow near their houses.” They all agree.Alex’s dad helps the 8 print out some fliers (广告传单). Then the three kids go to the 9 and put a flier in front of every door.First, Mrs Jones hires (雇用) the children. She says, “I have two baby girls. I don’t have 10 to clean the snow in my yard. That’s because I 11 most of my time with them.” Then, Mrs Smith hires them. The old woman is not 12, so she wants the children to help her. Next, Mr Lee hires them. He says, “My yard is too big. It’s 13 to clean it by myself. I think you can help me.”The children 14 very hard. Finally, they get $30. The weather is 15, but they are happy. Now they can buy Christmas presents with the money.( )6. A. lesson B. story C. idea( )7. A. clean B. enjoy C. meet( )8. A. teachers B. doctors C. children( )9. A. cinemas B. houses C. libraries( )10. A. sound B. money C. time( )11. A. spend B. find C. show( )12. A. kind B. great C. strong( )13. A. wrong B. funny C. difficult( )14. A. study B. work C. exercise( )15. A. hot B. cold C. warm四、语法填空。根据句子意思，用所给单词的适当形式填空。未提供单词的根据上下文填入适当的词。(共10小题，每小题1分)When I was a child, I seldom (31) ______________ (hear) the words “I love you” from my father. If your father never says them to you when you are (32) ______________ child, it’ll be harder and harder for him (33) ______________ (say) those words as he gets older. I can’t remember when I last said those words to him either. So I (34) ______________ (make) a call to him and said, “Dad...I love you!” There was a silence at the other end and Dad was (35) ______________ (surprise) to answer, “Well, the same back to you!”“Dad, I know you love (36) ______________ (I). Please say what you want to say,” I cried. Fifteen (37) ___________ (minute) later, my mother called and nervously asked, “Paul, (38) ____________ (be) everything OK?”A few weeks later, (39) ______________ the phone my father said, “Paul, I love you.” I was at work at that time. After finishing the call, I cried (40) ______________ I finally “heard” the love.作定语大多数形容词作定语修饰名词时，其位置在被修饰的名词前，说明名词的品质或特征当形容词所修饰的名词是由some，any，every，no等构成的复合不定代词时，形容词必须置于所修饰的词之后enough等形容词修饰名词时可前置也可后置作表语常位于连系动词be（am，is，are），feel，get，turn等后面，说明主语的特征、状态或身份