专题10 【培优小题狂练】阅读理解“写作意图”题（考情+技法+真题+模拟）-2024年新高考英语二轮复习

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【近年高考考情】
1.（2023▪新高考I卷▪B篇）26题
2.（2023▪浙江1月卷▪D篇）34题
3.（2022▪新高考I卷▪C篇）28题
4.（2020▪新高考卷▪C篇）31题
【实用解题妙招】
一、设问方式
1.What’s the writer’s purpse in this text?
2.The purpse f the writer t write the passage is __________.
3.By telling the stry f ..., the authr intends t ________.
二、实用妙招
每篇文章都有一个特定的写作目的，或是向读者传递某个信息，或是愉悦读者，或是讲授某个道理。而这些信息通常并不是明确表达出 来，而是隐含在文章 之中。因此，这类问题要求考生在理解文章总体内 容的基础上，去领会作者的言外之意。
1. 主旨推断法。
写作意图与文章主旨密切相关，因此，解答这类题跟解答主旨大意题和选择文章标题一样，用略读法，即重点关注文章首尾段和各段的首尾句，找到主题句，抓住文章主旨，然后由主旨来推断作者的写作目的。议论文、新闻报道、说明文等，其主题句多在文首。
2. 文体推断法。
①应用文广告的目的是吸引更多顾客、游客、读者、订户、观众等订阅或前往（t attract readers）。
②记叙文的目的是分享有趣的经历、告诉一个有趣的故事（t entertain readers）、或给读者某种启示。
③说明文的目的是使读者获得某种知识（t infrm readers），提出建议、劝告或呼吁有关部门给予重视。
④议论文的目的通常是说服读者接受或赞同某一观点（t persuade readers），倡导某种做法等。
【高考真题再练】
1.（2023新高考I卷B篇）记叙文
When Jhn Tdd was a child, he lved t explre the wds arund his huse, bserving hw nature slved prblems. A dirty stream, fr example, ften became clear after flwing thrugh plants and alng rcks where tiny creatures lived. When he gt lder, Jhn started t wnder if this prcess culd be used t clean up the messes peple were making.
After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in cllege, Jhn went back t bserving nature and asking questins. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)? Which kinds f fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals? With the right cmbinatin f animals and plants, he figured, maybe he culd clean up waste the way nature did. He decided t build what he wuld later call an ec-machine.
The task Jhn set fr himself was t remve harmful substances frm sme sludge (污泥). First, he cnstructed a series f clear fiberglass tanks cnnected t each ther. Then he went arund t lcal pnds and streams and brught back sme plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds f life gt used t ne anther and frmed their wn ecsystem. After a few weeks, Jhn added the sludge.
He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the ec-machine tk the sludge as fd and began t eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water.
Over the years, Jhn has taken n many big jbs. He develped a greenhuse — like facility that treated sewage (污水) frm 1,600 hmes in Suth Burlingtn. He als designed an ec-machine t clean canal water in Fuzhu, a city in sutheast China.
“Eclgical design” is the name Jhn gives t what he des. “Life n Earth is kind f a bx f spare parts fr the inventr,” he says. “Yu put rganisms in new relatinships and bserve what’s happening. Then yu let these new systems develp their wn ways t self-repair.”
24. What can we learn abut Jhn frm the first tw paragraphs?
A. He was fnd f traveling.B. He enjyed being alne.
C. He had an inquiring mind.D. He lnged t be a dctr.
25. Why did Jhn put the sludge int the tanks?
A. T feed the animals.B. T build an ecsystem.
C. T prtect the plants.D. T test the ec-machine.
26. What is the authr’s purpse in mentining Fuzhu?
A. T review Jhn’s research plans.B. T shw an applicatin f Jhn’s idea.
C. T cmpare Jhn’s different jbs.D. T erase dubts abut Jhn’s inventin.
27. What is the basis fr Jhn’s wrk?
A. Nature can repair itself.B. Organisms need water t survive.
C. Life n Earth is diverse.D. Mst tiny creatures live in grups.
【答案】24. C 25. D 26. B 27. A
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Jhn Tdd从小就很爱思考且好学，他建造了一个生态机器，利用自然可以自我修复的原理来净化污水。
24.细节理解题。根据第一段“When Jhn Tdd was a child, he lved t explre the wds arund his huse, bserving hw nature slved prblems. A dirty stream, fr example, ften became clear after flwing thrugh plants and alng rcks where tiny creatures lived. When he gt lder, Jhn started t wnder if this prcess culd be used t clean up the messes peple were making. (当约翰·托德还是个孩子的时候，他喜欢探索房子周围的树林，观察大自然是如何解决问题的。例如，一条肮脏的小溪流经植物和微小生物居住的岩石后，往往会变得清澈。长大后，约翰开始思考这个过程是否可以用来清理人们制造的混乱)”以及第二段“After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in cllege, Jhn went back t bserving nature and asking questins. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)? Which kinds f fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals? (在大学学习了农业、医学和渔业之后，约翰又回到了观察自然和提出问题的生活中。为什么某些植物能捕获有害细菌？哪些鱼类会食用致癌化学物质？)”可知，约翰聪颖好学、好奇心很强。故选C。
25.细节理解题。根据第三段“After a few weeks, Jhn added the sludge. (几个星期后，约翰把污泥加了进去)”以及倒数第三段“He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the ec-machine tk the sludge as fd and began t eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water. (他对结果感到惊讶。生态机器里的动植物把污泥当成了食物，开始吃了起来！几周之内，它就被消化了，只剩下纯净水)”可知，约翰把污泥放进罐子里是为了测试生态机器。故选D。
26.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Over the years, Jhn has taken n many big jbs. He develped a greenhuse — like facility that treated sewage (污水) frm 1,600 hmes in Suth Burlingtn. He als designed an ec-machine t clean canal water in Fuzhu, a city in sutheast China. (这些年来，约翰承担了许多重大工作。他开发了一个类似温室的设施，可以处理来自南伯灵顿1600户家庭的污水。他还设计了一种生态机器来清洁中国东南部城市福州的运河水)”可推知，作者提到福州的目的是展示约翰想法的应用。故选B。
27.推理判断题。根据最后一段“Yu put rganisms in new relatinships and bserve what’s happening. Then yu let these new systems develp their wn ways t self-repair. (你把生物体放在新的关系中，观察会发生什么。然后让这些新系统自行发展自我修复的方式)”可知，约翰工作的基础是自然可以自我修复。故选A。
2.（2023浙江1月卷D篇）说明文
Accrding t the Slar Energy Industry Assciatin, the number f slar panels installed(安装)has grwn rapidly in the past decade, and it has t grw even faster t meet climate gals. But all f that grwth will take up a lt f space, and thugh mre and mre peple accept the cncept f slar energy, few like large slar panels t be installed near them.
Slar develpers want t put up panels as quickly and cheaply as pssible, s they haven’t given much thught t what they put under them. Often, they’ll end up filling the area with small stnes and using chemicals t cntrl weeds. The result is that many cmmunities, especially in farming regins, see slar farms as destryers f the sil.
“Slar prjects need t be gd neighbrs,” says Jrdan Macknick, the head f the Innvative Site Preparatin and Impact Reductins n the Envirnment (InSPIRE) prject. “They need t be prtectrs f the land and cntribute t the agricultural ecnmy.” InSPIRE is investigating practical appraches t “lw-impact” slar develpment, which fcuses n establishing and perating slar farms in a way that is kinder t the land. One f the easiest lw-impact slar strategies is prviding habitat fr pllinatrs (传粉昆虫).
Habitat lss, pesticide use, and climate change have caused dramatic declines in pllinatr ppulatins ver the past cuple f decades, which has damaged the U.S. agricultural ecnmy. Over 28 states have passed laws related t pllinatr habitat prtectin and pesticide use. Cnservatin rganizatins put ut pllinatr-friendliness guidelines fr hme gardens, businesses, schls, cities—and nw there are guidelines fr slar farms.
Over the past few years, many slar farm develpers have transfrmed the space under their slar panels int a shelter fr varius kinds f pllinatrs, resulting in sil imprvement and carbn reductin. “These pllinatr-friendly slar farms can have a valuable impact n everything that’s ging n in the landscape,” says Macknick.
32. What d slar develpers ften ignre?
A. The decline in the demand fr slar energy.
B. The negative impact f installing slar panels.
C. The rising labr cst f building slar farms.
D. The mst recent advances in slar technlgy.
33. What des InSPIRE aim t d?
A. Imprve the prductivity f lcal farms.
B. Invent new methds fr cntrlling weeds.
C. Make slar prjects envirnmentally friendly.
D. Prmte the use f slar energy in rural areas.
34. What is the purpse f the laws mentined in paragraph 4?
A. T cnserve pllinatrs.B. T restrict slar develpment.
C. T diversify the ecnmy.D. T ensure the supply f energy.
35. Which f the fllwing is the best title fr the text?
A. Pllinatrs: T Leave r t StayB. Slar Energy: Hpe fr the Future
C. InSPIRE: A Leader in AgricultureD. Slar Farms: A New Develpment
【答案】32. B33. C34. A35. D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍的是用一种更加友好的方式建立一种新型的太阳能农场，这种新型的农场更有利于保护各种传粉昆虫，从而促进农业的发展。
32.推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Often, they’ll end up filling the area with small stnes and using chemicals t cntrl weeds. The result is that many cmmunities, especially in farming regins, see slar farms as destryers f the sil.(通常，他们最终会用小石头填满该地区，并使用化学物质来控制杂草。结果是，许多社区，特别是在农业地区，将太阳能农场视为土壤的破坏者。)”可知，太阳能开发者采用不环保的方式处理太阳能板安装后产生的问题，导致人们把太阳能农场看作是土壤的破坏者，由此可以推断，开发者在安装太阳能板后忽略了其带来的负面影响。故选B项。
33.细节理解题。根据第三段中的“InSPIRE is investigating practical appraches t “lw-impact” slar develpment, which fcuses n establishing and perating slar farms in a way that is kinder t the land.(InSPIRE正在研究“低影响”太阳能开发的实用方法，其重点是以对土地更友好的方式建立和运营太阳能农场。)”可知，InSPIRE采用有好的方式建立和运营太阳能农场，也就是使得太阳能农场更加环保。故选C项。
34.细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Over 28 states have passed laws related t pllinatr habitat prtectin and pesticide use.(超过28个州通过了与传粉媒介栖息地保护和农药使用有关的法律。)”可知，这些法律都是与保护传粉者栖息地和农药使用相关，所以这些法律的目的是保护授粉者。故选A项。
35.主旨大意题。根据最后一段中的“Over the past few years, many slar farm develpers have transfrmed the space under their slar panels int a shelter fr varius kinds f pllinatrs, resulting in sil imprvement and carbn reductin.(在过去的几年里，许多太阳能农场开发商将太阳能电池板下的空间改造成各种传粉媒介的庇护所，从而改善了土壤并减少了碳排放。)”可知，现在的太阳能农场在过去的几年里已经得到了很大的发展，更重要的是太阳能农场也变得更加的环保，这将是未来发展农业的新趋势，再结合全文对太阳农场的发展过程的介绍可以判断，本文主题是介绍太阳能农场。故选D项。
3.（2022新高考I卷C篇）说明文
The elderly residents (居民) in care hmes in Lndn are being given hens t lk after t stp them feeling lnely.
The prject was dreamed up by a lcal charity (慈善组织) t reduce lneliness and imprve elderly peple’s wellbeing, It is als being used t help patients suffering dementia, a serius illness f the mind. Staff in care hmes have reprted a reductin in the use f medicine where hens are in use.
Amng thse taking part in the prject is 80-year-ld Ruth Xavier. She said: “I used t keep hens when I was yunger and had t prepare their breakfast each mrning befre I went t schl. ”
“I like the prject a lt. I am dwn there in my wheelchair in the mrning letting the hens ut and dwn there again at night t see they’ve gne t bed.”
“It’s gd t have a different fcus. Peple have been bringing their children in t see the hens and residents cme and sit utside t watch them. I’m enjying the creative activities, and it feels great t have dne smething useful.”
There are nw 700 elderly peple lking after hens in 20 care hmes in the Nrth East, and the charity has been given financial supprt t rll it ut cuntrywide.
Wendy Wilsn, extra care manager at 60 Penfld Street, ne f the first t embark n the prject, said: “Residents really welcme the idea f the prject and the creative sessins. We are lking frward t the benefits and fun the prject can bring t peple here.”
Lynn Lewis, directr f Ntting Hill Pathways, said: “We are happy t be taking part in the prject. It will really help cnnect ur residents thrugh a shared interest and creative activities.”
28. What is the purpse f the prject?
A. T ensure harmny in care hmes.
B. T prvide part-time jbs fr the aged.
C. T raise mney fr medical research.
D. T prmte the elderly peple’s welfare.
29. Hw has the prject affected Ruth Xavier?
A. She has learned new life skills.
B. She has gained a sense f achievement.
C. She has recvered her memry.
D. She has develped a strng persnality.
30. What d the underlined wrds “embark n” mean in paragraph 7?
A. Imprve.B. Oppse.C. Begin.D. Evaluate.
31. What can we learn abut the prject frm the last tw paragraphs?
A. It is well received.B. It needs t be mre creative.
C. It is highly prfitable.D. It takes ages t see the results.
【答案】28 D29. B30. C31. A
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了旨在减少孤独，改善老年人的健康状况的项目。
28. D。推理判断题。根据文章第二段“The prject was dreamed up by a lcal charity (慈善组织) t reduce lneliness and imprve elderly peple’s wellbeing (该项目由当地一家慈善机构构想，旨在减少孤独，改善老年人的健康状况)”可知，这个项目的目的是为了提高老年人的幸福。故选D。
29. B。推理判断题。根据文章第五段““It’s gd t have a different fcus. Peple have been bringing their children in t see the hens and residents cme and sit utside t watch them. I’m enjying the creative activities, and it feels great t have dne smething useful.” (有不同的关注点很好。人们把自己的孩子带进来看母鸡，居民们也来外面坐着看它们。我喜欢创造性的活动，做一些有用的事情的感觉很好)”可推知，Ruth Xavier通过该项目获得了一种成就感。故选B。
30. C。词义猜测题。根据文章倒数第二段“Residents really welcme the idea f the prject and the creative sessins. We are lking frward t the benefits and fun the prject can bring t peple here. (居民们非常欢迎该项目的想法和创意会议。我们期待这个项目能给这里的人们带来好处和乐趣)”以及划线处前的“ne f the first (第一批人之一)”可知Wendy Wilsn是着手这项工程的人之一，划线处的含义与C项：“Begin (开始)”含义相近。故选C。
31. A。推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Residents really welcme the idea f the prject and the creative sessins. We are lking frward t the benefits and fun the prject can bring t peple here. (居民们非常欢迎该项目的想法和创意会议。我们期待这个项目能给这里的人们带来好处和乐趣)”以及最后一段“Lynn Lewis, directr f Ntting Hill Pathways, said: “We are happy t be taking part in the prject. It will really help cnnect ur residents thrugh a shared interest and creative activities.” (“诺丁山路径”的负责人林恩•刘易斯说:我们很高兴能参与这个项目。它将通过共同的兴趣和创造性活动真正帮助我们的居民联系起来)”可知，该项目的反响很好。故选A。
4.（2020新高考卷C篇）记叙文
In the mid-1990s, Tm Bissell taught English as a vlunteer in Uzbekistan. He left after seven mnths, physically brken and having lst his mind. A few years later, still attracted t the cuntry, he returned t Uzbekistan t write an article abut the disappearance f the Aral Sea.
His visit, hwever, ended up invlving a lt mre than that. Hence this bk, Chasing the Sea: Lst Amng the Ghsts f Empire in Central Asia, which talks abut a rad trip frm Tashkent t Karakalpakstan, where millins f lives have been destryed by the slw drying up f the sea. It is the stry f an American travelling t a strange land, and f the peple he meets n his way: Rustam, his translatr, a lvely 24-year-ld wh picked up his clrful English in Califrnia, Oleg and Natasha, his hsts in Tashkent, and a string f freign aid wrkers.
This is a quick lk at life in Uzbekistan, made f friendliness and warmth, but als its darker side f sciety. In Samarkand, Mr Bissell admires the architectural wnders, while n his way t Bukhara he gets a taste f plice methds when suspected f drug dealing. In Ferghana, he attends a muntain funeral(葬礼)fllwed by a strange drinking party. And in Karakalpakstan, he is saddened by the dust strms, diseases and fishing bats stuck miles frm the sea.
Mr Bissell skillfully rganizes histrical insights and cultural references, making his tale a well-runded picture f Uzbekistan, seen frm Western eyes. His judgment and references are decidedly American, as well as his delicate stmach. As the authr explains, this is neither a travel nr a histry bk, r even a piece f reprtage. Whatever it is, the result is a fine and vivid descriptin f the purest f Central Asian traditins.
28. What made Mr Bissell return t Uzbekistan?
A. His friends' invitatin.B. His interest in the cuntry.
C. His lve fr teaching.D. His desire t regain health.
29. What des the underlined wrd “that” in paragraph 2 refer t?
A. Develping a serius mental disease.
B. Taking a guided tur in Central Asia.
C. Wrking as a vlunteer in Uzbekistan.
D. Writing an article abut the Aral Sea.
30. Which f the fllwing best describes Mr Bissell's rad trip in Uzbekistan?
A. Rmantic.B. Eventful.C. Pleasant.D. Dangerus.
31. What is the purpse f this text?
A. T intrduce a bk.B. T explain a cultural phenmenn.
C. T remember a writer.D. T recmmend a travel destinatin.
【答案】28. B 29. D 30. B 31. A
【导读】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了Bissell写的《追逐大海:迷失在中亚帝国的幽灵》这本书。这本书是Bissell在乌兹别克斯坦做志愿者后写的，是对乌兹别克斯坦人生活的一个快速观察。
28. 细节理解题。根据第一段的”A few years later, still attracted t the cuntry. he returned t Uzbekistan t write an article abut the disappearance f the Ara Sea”可知，几年后，Bissell仍然被这个国家所吸引。他回到乌兹别克斯坦写了一篇关于咸海消失的文章。因此推断出对这个国家的兴趣让Bissell先生再次返回乌兹别克斯坦。故选B。
29. 词句猜测题。划线句是第二段首句，that用来指代上文提的事情，因此推断that指代写了一篇关于咸海消失的文章这件事，根据第一段最后一句”A few years later, still attracted t the cuntry, he returned t Uzbekistan t write an article abut the disappearance f the Aral Sea(几年后，仍然被这个国家所吸引。他回到乌兹别克斯坦写了一篇关于咸海消失的文章)”可知，that指代写了一篇关于死海消失的文章这件事，故选D。
30. 推理判断题。根据第三段”This is a quick lk at life in Uzbekistan, made f friendliness and warmth, but als its darker side f sciety. In Samarkand, Mr Bissell admires the architectural wnders, while n his way t Bukhara he gets a taste f plice methds when suspected f drug dealing. In Ferghana, he attends a muntain funeral(葬礼)fllwed by a strange drinking party. And in Karakalpakstan, he is saddened by the dust strms, diseases and fishing bats stuck miles frm the sea.”可知，在乌兹别克斯坦的旅途中，Mr Bissell既体会到了友善和温暖，也看到了社会的黑暗面。在撒马尔罕，Mr Bissell欣赏到了的建筑奇观。在前往布哈拉的路上，他因为被怀疑进行毒品交易，他尝到了警察的伎俩。在费尔干纳，他参加了一个山区葬礼，然后参加了一个奇怪的酒会。在卡拉卡尔帕克斯坦，他为沙尘暴、疾病和被困在数英里外的渔船而难过。由此可知，在旅途中他经历了很多事情。结合选项，B选项(充满事件的，多事的)可以表达此意。故选B。
31. 推理判断题。文章第一段提到书的作者的乌兹别克斯坦之行，引出他写的书，接下来三段讲述了他的书《追逐大海:迷失在中亚帝国的幽灵》的故事内容，是乌兹别克斯坦生活的一个快速观察。因此推断本文的写作目的是介绍一本书。故选A。
【名校好题强化】应用文题组
（21·22上·佛山·阶段练习）ALL NEW!
REPTILE (爬行动物) PETTING ZOO at the Oak Park Nature Center
Kids! Are yu tired f Mm r Dad taking yu t the same’ ld petting zs where (if yu’re lucky)yu might get t tuch a little rabbit r gat?
Mm r Dad! Are yu tired f hearing yur kids cmplain abut hw animals in the same ld petting zs are mntnus?
Cnsider This:
The fact is that mst mammals (哺乳动物) are bringly warm, furry, . and cme in a limited range f dull clrs. Reptiles, n the ther hand, are cld-blded and cvered with scales (鳞) f attractive clrs, frm bright green t bright red t dark purple-red. Sme like the chamelen, can even CHANGE clrs. Did yu ever see a rabbit with scales and a purple tngue almst as lng as its bdy? NO! In ur z, yu can see iguanas, snakes, bearded dragns, giant trtise and ther attractive creatures! Learn what these reptiles eat and hw they care fr their babies, which nes live in the desert and which live in wetlands, which nes are meat-eaters and which are vegetarians, which nes are deadly pisnus and which are nt.
S Remember:
If yu’re bred with furry animals like rabbits. . .
Then the place fr YOU is the Reptile Petting Z!
Bring the WHOLE family —Grandpa, Grandma, Cusin Irene, even baby Je!
There’s smething fr EVERYONE!
1．What des the underlined wrd “mntnus” in paragraph 2 mean?
A．Active.B．Bring.C．Attractive.D．Cmmn.
2．Peple might like the animals in a reptile petting z because they are ________.
A．warm and furryB．lvely and friendly
C．unusual and interestingD．frightening and dangerus
3．What is the authr’s purpse in writing the text?
A．T encurage peple t visit the z.B．T infrm peple when the z is pen.
C．T tell peple hw t distinguish reptiles.D．T call n peple t prtect reptiles.
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章是在宣传橡树公园自然中心的全新爬行动物宠物园。
1．词句猜测题。根据第一段中“Are yu tired f Mm r Dad taking yu t the same’ ld petting zs where (if yu’re lucky)yu might get t tuch a little rabbit r gat?(你是否厌倦了妈妈或爸爸带你去同样的“老式宠物动物园”，如果你幸运的话，你可能会触摸到一只小兔子或山羊？)”以及第二段“Are yu tired f hearing yur kids cmplain abut hw animals in the same ld petting zs are mntnus?(你是否厌倦了听你的孩子抱怨同一个动物园里的动物多么mntnus？)”可知，作为孩子，你是否厌倦了“老式宠物动物园”；作为父母，你是否厌倦了孩子总会抱怨“老式宠物动物园”中的动物是无聊的。由此推断划线词与B选项“Bring(无聊的)”为同义词。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据Cnsider This 部分中“Reptiles, n the ther hand, are cld-blded and cvered with scales (鳞) f attractive clrs, frm bright green t bright red t dark purple-red. Sme like the chamelen, can even CHANGE clrs. Did yu ever see a rabbit with scales and a purple tngue almst as lng as its bdy? NO! In ur z, yu can see iguanas, snakes, bearded dragns, giant trtise and ther attractive creatures! (另一方面，爬行动物是冷血动物，身上覆盖着从亮绿色到亮红色再到深紫红色的迷人颜色的鳞片。有些像变色龙，甚至可以改变颜色。你见过有鳞片和紫色舌头几乎和身体一样长的兔子吗？不！在我们的动物园里，你可以看到鬣蜥、蛇、大胡子龙、巨型乌龟和其他迷人的生物！)”可知，人们喜欢爬行动物园中的动物是因为这些动物与众不同，很特别，并且很有趣。故选C。
3．推理判断题。通读全文，文章在宣传橡树公园自然中心的全新爬行动物宠物园，由此推断文章的目的是鼓励人们参观动物园。故选A。
（23·24上·福州·期中）Need an airprt transfer (换乘) taxi in New Malden? Call New Malden Airprt Transfers nw t enjy the New Malden taxi service. We are best knwn as the specialists in Lndn’s airprt transfers. We serve all airprts f Lndn with ur prfessinal airprt transfer service.
Find Truble-free Taxi Service at Yur Fingertips
Whether yu are new t this city r just want t explre r reach yur particular destinatin in time, hire New Malden cars t save yur time. It desn’t matter whether yur flight is late r n time, ur taxis in the New Malden Airprt Transfers team will be there waiting fr yu.
New Malden Taxis Hld Many Benefits
We have been serving fr a lng time in the same field, and knwn fr intrducing reliable, friendly and persnal New Malden taxi service t ur custmers.
We ffer a cmpetitive price fr airprt transfers and are favred by users because f ur speedy, cst-effective, efficient and timely service. Our New Malden taxi service is pen 24 hurs a day, 365 days a year, s yu may call us whenever yu want.
Our drivers are highly trained and they can guarantee yu a first-class jurney.
Get Ready t Have an Amazing Experience
D let us knw abut yur taxi-related requirements fr the best service. Our expert in the New Malden Airprt Transfers team is nline t answer questins in case yu have any. Visit the fficial site t get mre infrmatin.
4．What is New Malden Airprt Transfers prbably?
A．A taxi prducer.B．Airprt luggage delivery service.
C．A transfer statin.D．A taxi cmpany.
5．Which is the feature f the New Malden taxi service?
A．It charges the lwest price.B．It can nly be bked nline.
C．It is available arund the clck.D．It can be enjyed all ver Lndn.
6．What is the purpse f the text?
A．T advertise the New Malden taxi service.B．T intrduce the benefits f different taxis.
C．T attract visitrs t tur arund New Malden.D．T stress the necessity f airprt transfer service.
【答案】4．D 5．C 6．A
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了New Malden Airprt Transfers公司提供的出租车服务和服务优势等信息。
4．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Need an airprt transfer (换乘) taxi in New Malden? Call New Malden Airprt Transfers nw t enjy the New Malden taxi service. We are best knwn as the specialists in Lndn’s airprt transfers. (在新马尔登需要机场换乘出租车吗？立即致电新马尔登机场接送服务，享受新马尔登出租车服务。我们是最有名的伦敦机场接送专家)”可知，New Malden Airprt Transfers提供出租车服务，是机场接送服务方面的专家。由此可知，这是一家出租车公司。故选D项。
5．细节理解题。根据New Malden Taxis Hld Many Benefits部分的“Our New Malden taxi service is pen 24 hurs a day, 365 days a year, s yu may call us whenever yu want. (我们的新马尔登出租车服务一年365天，每天24小时开放，所以您可以随时打电话给我们)”可知，该出租车服务是24小时全天候的。故选C项。
6．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中的“Need an airprt transfer (换乘) taxi in New Malden? Call New Malden Airprt Transfers nw t enjy the New Malden taxi service. (在新马尔登需要机场换乘出租车吗？立即致电新马尔登机场接送服务，享受新马尔登出租车服务。)”可知，文章围绕New Malden Airprt Transfers展开，主要介绍了它提供的出租车服务、服务优势等。由此可知，文章的目的是为了宣传该公司的出租车服务。故选A项。
（23·24上·张家口·阶段练习）It was a harvest year fr wmen activists. Here are fur inspiring wmen f the year.
Jsephine Majani
In August 2013, Jsephine Majani came t a hard hallway flr in the Bungma District Hspital. She heard nurses yelling. She was helpless. Majani has n memry f being slapped, but when she regained cnsciusness, her cheeks stung (感觉痛). Her experience was captured n vide. In February f this year, the curt issued a landmark ruling awarding Majani $25,000, requiring that hspital staff frmally aplgize t her and demanded wmen be given quality care and treated with dignity during childbirth.
Man Kaur
Man Kaur is 101, but her rutine culd tire mst 20s. Every day she wakes up at 4 a.m., bathes, washes clthes, makes tea and recites prayers until abut 7 a.m. And then she ges t the track fr an hur f sprinting practice. And she’s nt just ding it fr fun. Kaur is a wrld recrd hlder in her age grup. Nw yu may be thinking: “Is she really 101?”
Nadia Murad
In August 2014, Nadia Murad was ne f the wmen wh were captured by ISIS. Three mnths later, she escaped. She has shared her painful stry with internatinal media utlets t shw the wrld what happened t Yazidis. She has becme a vice fr captive wmen and girls in the prcess. In 2018, she became the c-recipient f the Nbel Peace Prize.
Maria Garcia Rams
Maria Garcia Rams, 32, a disability activist, frm Mexic, has been using a wheelchair since she was 14 due t an illness. She advcates fr plicy that advance rights fr wmen with disabilities. She shares the biggest misunderstanding f peple with disabilities: “Peple instantly think that a persn with disabilities is brken r missing smething.”
7．Hw was Jsephine Majani’s experience at the Bungma District Hspital?
A．Terrible.B．Bring.C．Exciting.D．Wnderful.
8．Wh was a Nbel Peace Prize winner?
A．Jsephine Majani.B．Man Kaur.
C．Nadia Murad.D．Mara Garcia Rams.
9．What is the purpse f the text?
A．T educate.B．T intrduce.C．T advertise.D．T advise.
【答案】7．A 8．C 9．B
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四位鼓舞人心的年度女性。
7．细节理解题。根据“Jsephine Majani”部分的“She heard nurses yelling. She was helpless. Majani has n memry f being slapped, but when she regained cnsciusness, her cheeks stung(她听到护士们大喊大叫。她很无助。马贾尼不记得被扇过耳光，但当她恢复意识时，她的脸颊感到刺痛)”可知Jsephine Majani在Bungma区域医院被护士大喊大叫，而且被扇耳光，可知Jsephine Majani在这家医院的经历是令人不快的，故选A项。
8．细节理解题。根据“Nadia Murad”部分的“In 2018, she became the c-recipient f the Nbel Peace Prize(2018年，她成为诺贝尔和平奖的共同获得者。)”可知，纳迪娅•穆拉德获得了诺贝尔奖，故选C项。
9．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“It was a harvest year fr wmen activists. Here are fur inspiring wmen f the year.(对于女性活动家来说，这是收获的一年。以下是四位鼓舞人心的年度女性。)”、“Jsephine Majani”部分的“requiring that hspital staff frmally aplgize t her and demanded wmen be given quality care and treated with dignity during childbirth.(要求医院工作人员向她正式道歉，并要求女性在分娩期间得到优质护理和有尊严的治疗。)”、“Nadia Murad”部分的“In 2018, she became the c-recipient f the Nbel Peace Prize(2018年，她成为诺贝尔和平奖的共同获得者。)”以及“Maria Garcia Rams”部分的“She advcates fr plicy that advance rights fr wmen with disabilities(她倡导促进残疾妇女权利的政策)”可知本文主要对四位鼓舞人心的的女性做了介绍，可推理出本文的主要目的是介绍，故选B项。
（23·24上·烟台·期中）KidsWrldFun Shrt Stry Cntest
Calling all yung writers frm arund the wrld! It’s time t release yur creativity and share yur incredible stries with us. KidsWrldFun presents the ultimate Shrt Stry Cntest, pen t yung peple f all ages.
Tw Mdes f Entry
● Free Entry: get the chance t win a certificate and have yur stry published n ur website.
● Entry Fee f $10: get the chance t receive a cash prize as well as a certificate and have yur stry published. Payment links will be sent via email fr these entries.
Amazing Prizes Await
First Prize: $100, certificate and publicatin;
Secnd Prize: $75, certificate and publicatin;
Third Prize: $50, certificate and publicatin.
Highly cmmented stries will als be published fr the wrld t enjy.
Cntest Categries and Wrd Limits
T ensure fairness, we have set three categries fr writers t chse frm and minimum and maximum wrd limits fr each categry.
Submissin Guidelines● Include prf f age with yur entry (scan r take a pht f yur identity card). Entries withut prf f age will be disqualified.
● Yur stry must be riginal and unpublished.
● Type yur stry ut.
Our judges will evaluate each stry based n cntent, language and writing style. Their decisin will be final. Fr mre infrmatin, please cntact us at enquiry@kidswrldfun.cm. We’re here t assist yu every step f the way.
Dn’t miss this incredible pprtunity t shwcase yur talent and win amazing prizes! Enter the KidsWrldFun Shrt Stry Cntest tday!
10．What may a free entry secnd prize winner get?
A．A reward f $10.B．A certificate and publicatin.
C．Prize mney and hnrs.D．$75, certificate and publicatin.
11．Which f the fllwing meets the entry requirements?
A．A handwritten draft.B．A science fictin f 1500 wrds.
C．An award-winning essay.D．A printut f a 900-wrd riginal stry.
12．What is the main purpse f the text?
A．T prmte a reading website.B．T appeal fr participatin.
C．T explain an applicatin prcess.D．T teach kids writing principles.
【答案】10．D 11．D 12．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个将要举办的终极短篇小说大赛的具体事宜。
10．细节理解题。由文章第二个黑标题Amazing Prizes Await下第二行“Secnd Prize: $75, certificate and publicatin (二等奖：75美元，证书及出版)”可知，二等奖得主可以得到75美元，证书及出版。故选D。
11．细节理解题。由文章四个黑标题Submissin Guidelines下第三行“Yur stry must be riginal and unpublished. (你的故事必须是原创的和未发表的。)”可知，参赛作品不能是一篇获奖文章。由文章四个黑标题Submissin Guidelines下第四行“Type yur stry ut. (把你的故事打出来。)”可知，参赛作品不能是手稿。由文章表格的最后一栏“Maximum”和“1000 wrds (1000字)”可知，文章字数不超过1000。故选D。
12．推理判断题。由文章第一段中“Calling all yung writers frm arund the wrld! It’s time t release yur creativity and share yur incredible stries with us. (号召来自世界各地的年轻作家！是时候释放你的创造力，和我们分享你不可思议的故事了。)”可知，文章主要是呼吁各地的年轻作家参与大赛。故选B。
（23·24上·渝中·阶段练习）With the rise f scial media and the increasing number f nline platfrms, businesses have t many ptins when it cmes t prmting their prducts r services. We will cmpare sme f the tp nline advertising platfrms and help yu determine which ne is right fr yu.
Ggle Ads: The Pwerhuse f Online Advertising
When it cmes t nline advertising, Ggle Ads is undubtedly the mst pwerful and widely used platfrm with its mighty targeting ptins. Businesses can target specific keywrds, demgraphics (人口统计), lcatins, and even custm audiences based n their website visitrs r custmer lists. This level f precisin ensures precise ads reaching.
Facebk Ads: Targeting Yur Audience with Accuracy
Facebk Ads ffers businesses varius ad frmats such as image ads, vide ads, audi-visual ads, and mre t engage with their target audience effectively. One significant advantage Facebk Ads have ver ther platfrms is its advanced targeting abilities. With Facebk’s large user data, businesses can target their ads based n demgraphics, interests, behavirs, and even life events. This level f accuracy allws yu t tailr yur ads t specific audience divisins and increase the chances f transfrmatin.
LinkedIn Ads: Cnnecting with Prfessinals
If yur business perates in the B2B space r targets prfessinals and decisin-makers, LinkedIn Ads is an excellent platfrm t cnsider. One f the key advantages f using LinkedIn Ads is its prfessinal targeting ptins, including jb titles, industries, cmpany size, and even specific cmpanies. This high level f precisin ensures that yur ads are viewed by related prfessinals wh are mre likely t be interested in yur prducts r services.
YuTube Ads: Engaging Yur Audience thrugh Vide
Vide advertising has gained significant ppularity in recent years due t its ability t draw users’ attentin effectively. One majr advantage f YuTube Ads is its widespread reach. With ver 2 billin lgged-in mnthly users spending an average f 40 minutes n the platfrm, YuTube ffers advertisers access t a large glbal audience.
13．What key feature sets Facebk Ads apart frm ther platfrms?
A．Cmprehensive user data.
B．Advanced targeting capabilities.
C．Prfessinal targeting ptins.
D．Widespread audience reach.
14．Which platfrm wuld yu chse if yu are targeting prfessinals?
A．LinkedIn Ads.B．YuTube Ads.
C．Ggle Ads.D．Facebk Ads.
15．What is the purpse f the passage.
A．T prmte advertising websites t schls.
B．T intrduce different advertising cmpanies.
C．T help businesses select advertising platfrms.
D．T analyze the prs and cns f nline advertising.
【答案】13．B 14．A 15．C
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍一些顶级的在线广告平台。
13．细节理解题。由Facebk Ads: Targeting Yur Audience with Accuracy中“One significant advantage Facebk Ads have ver ther platfrms is its advanced targeting abilities. (与其他平台相比，Facebk广告的一个显著优势是其先进的定位能力。)”可知，Facebk 广告一个显著特点是其先进的定位能力。故选B项。
14．细节理解题。由LinkedIn Ads: Cnnecting with Prfessinals中“One f the key advantages f using LinkedIn Ads is its prfessinal targeting ptins, including jb titles, industries, cmpany size, and even specific cmpanies. This high level f precisin ensures that yur ads are viewed by related prfessinals wh are mre likely t be interested in yur prducts r services.(使用领英广告的主要优势之一是其专业的定位选项，包括职位、行业、公司规模，甚至特定公司。这种高精度确保了您的广告被更有可能对您的产品或服务感兴趣的相关专业人士观看。)”可知，LinkedIn广告以专业人士为目标。故选A项。
15．推理判断题。由文章第一段“We will cmpare sme f the tp nline advertising platfrms and help yu determine which ne is right fr yu.(我们将比较一些顶级的在线广告平台，并帮助您确定哪一个适合您。)”以及下文可知，文章主要介绍一些广告平台来帮助企业选择。故选C项。
【名校好题强化】记叙文题组
（23·24上·龙岩·期中）I have just cmpleted my first year as a vlunteer befriender with the Nrth Lanarkshire Befriending Prject.
I was matched with a yung girl called Amy, wh had been struggling with different aspects f her life and suffered frm lw self-cnfidence.
At first, I was a bit wrried abut whether Amy wuld like me r want t spend time with me. These fears sn disappeared when I quickly frmed a strng relatinship with Amy. She trusted me and felt like she culd depend n me.
During ur time tgether, I tk Amy ut twice a mnth. I must say, cllecting her fr the first time and deciding what we were ging t d was difficult! I quickly learned that it was best t plan what we wuld d n the next uting befre cllecting her.
Over the curse f the year we gt t d lts f things: cinema trips, bwling, ice skating, and shpping. I have nticed a psitive change in Amy since I met her. At first she lacked(缺乏) cnfidence. In a 1:1 situatin she was very talkative and pen, but when anther persn jined the grup I nticed she became mre reserved(寡言少语的)—especially arund ther teenagers. Thinking abut this, I planned mre public utings ver time. Amy was nervus at first, but she grew in cnfidence ver the year.
I feel like befriending has been a very psitive thing fr Amy. She really enjyed ur utings. Her utlk n life(人生观) imprved nticeably during the year t. I talked t her abut my experience at university, and she then started t talk mre abut further educatin, smething she had never really cnsidered as a chice befre.
I feel that we all have a scial respnsibility t help thers in ur cmmunities, and be-friending is just ne way in which I can d smething meaningful.
16．Hw did the writer feel when starting her befriending prject?
A．Regretful.B．Cnfident.C．Nervus.D．Excited.
17．What did the writer learn frm her first uting with Amy?
A．Hard wrk pays ff.
B．Friendship is the key t success.
C．The simplest way is the best way.
D．Planning ahead is a matter f great imprtance.
18．What is the result f the writer’s befriending prject?
A．It has made psitive changes in Amy’s life.
B．It has ffered Amy a chance t g t cllege.
C．It has made her famus in Nrth Lanarkshire.
D．It has helped her reach her educatinal gals.
19．What is the writer’s purpse in writing the text?
A．T intrduce her best friend Amy.
B．T share her stry as a vlunteer.
C．T discuss the benefits f vlunteers.
D．T shw hw t make friends with strangers.
【答案】16．C 17．D 18．A 19．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者在一个交友项目当志愿者的时候帮助了一个叫Amy的女孩，让她从缺乏自信变得有自信。
16．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“At first, I was a bit wrried abut whether Amy wuld like me r want t spend time with me.(起初，我有点担心Amy会喜欢我还是想和我在一起。)”可知，作者一开始有点担心，内心是比较紧张的。故选C。
17．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“I must say, cllecting her fr the first time and deciding what we were ging t d was difficult! I quickly learned that it was best t plan what we wuld d n the next uting befre cllecting her.(我必须说，第一次接她并决定我们要做什么很困难！我很快就明白了，在接她之前，最好计划下一次外出时要做什么。)”可知，作者第一次接Amy时发现很难决定二人一起做什么，她明白了最好在接Amy之前做好计划。故选D。
18．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“I feel like befriending has been a very psitive thing fr Amy. She really enjyed ur utings. Her utlk n life(人生观) imprved nticeably during the year t.(我觉得交朋友对Amy来说已经成为一件非常积极的事情。她真的很喜欢我们的郊游。她的人生观在这一年里也有了明显的改善。)”可推知，这个交友项目让Amy的生活发生了积极的变化。故选A。
19．推理判断题。根据第一段“I have just cmpleted my first year as a vlunteer befriender with the Nrth Lanarkshire Befriending Prject.(我刚刚完成了作为北拉纳克郡交友项目志愿者的第一年。)”和第二段中的“I was matched with a yung girl called Amy”及下文内容可知，本文主要介绍了作者在这个交友项目当志愿者期间与Amy相处的经历，作者让Amy由一开始的缺乏自信变得有信心，她身上发生了一些积极变化，由此可推测出，作者主要想分享自己当志愿者的故事。故选B。
（23·24上·成都·期中）I still remember my friends giving me the advice: Try smething new. I was stressed and, f curse, als n my phne t much. I was writing abut fd fr wrk, s cking didn’t really cunt as a hbby anymre, nr did reading, nr scialising, especially since all f my friends wrked in my industry. I needed smething in my life that existed apart frm all that.
“Maybe smething yu can d with yur hands.” The suggestin felt like an escape exit: Maybe a hbby culd free me frm my wrk. Cking had nce been the thing I did t relax when I gt hme frm wrk, the thing I was curius abut, and the thing that made my brain away frm its standard cmplaints. The kitchen had nce been a release, but nw it was part f my prfessinal life. It needed a replacement. A few mnths later, I dutifully signed up fr a ceramics (制陶艺术) class at a studi near my apartment.
At the studi, I started as a lazy learner, but after a few mnths I became addicted, signing up fr mre classes when my term ended. I had a place t g in my free time and smething t be curius abut, and my gals were unrelated t uter frces: a bss, a jb, a market, a reader. Unlike with writing, my prgress was quantifiable (可量化的): Nw I can make a vase this tall. Nw I have made a pt. Nw my handles are beautiful. Nw I have made tw things that mre r less lk like a pair.
Finally finding a hbby that is just fr my wn enjyment is a release. I enjy having smething t d that desn’t invlve a screen and therefre feels far frm the style f wrk t which I am mst accustmed – hands cvered in clay cannt swipe (滑屏) very well. Making time fr this als means carving ut time, fr creatin and inspiratin, and als fr the rest that is required fr me t reflect n my life. It is smething mre than a new hbby. This is the peace that everyne needs in ur life.
20．What is true abut the authr’s current prfessin?
A．It is als the authr’s hbby.
B．It requires the authr t use the phne a lt.
C．The authr is ppular in the cking industry.
D．The authr recrds and psts thers’ cking nline.
21．What can we learn frm Paragraph 3?
A．The authr was tired f ceramics classes.
B．The authr had n gals fr learning ceramics.
C．The authr gradually tk up ceramics as a hbby.
D．Outer frces played a part in the authr’s prgress in ceramics.
22．Hw des the authr feel with the new hbby?
A．Calm.B．Cnfident.C．Inspired.D．Energetic.
23．What’s the writing purpse f this text?
A．T shw the benefits f having a hbby.B．T share a stry f a balance f life.
C．T intrduce an interesting hbby.D．T help readers chse a new hbby.
【答案】20．B 21．C 22．A 23．A
【导语】本文是篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过描述作者自身的经历和体会，表达了为了享受生活而找到一个爱好有许多好处，是一种释放和放松，是我们每个人生活中都需要的一种平静的观点。
20．细节理解题。根据第一段“I was stressed and, f curse, als n my phne t much.”（我压力很大，当然，我用手机也太多了。）可知，作者现在的工作需要经常使用手机。故选B。
21．细节理解题。根据第三段“At the studi, I started as a lazy learner, but after a few mnths I became addicted, signing up fr mre classes when my term ended.”（在工作室里，一开始我是一个懒惰的学习者，但几个月后我就上瘾了，学期结束时我报了更多的课。）和“I had a place t g in my free time and smething t be curius abut, and my gals were unrelated t uter frces: a bss, a jb, a market, a reader.”（我在空闲时间有地方可去，有东西让我好奇，我的目标与外部力量无关:老板、工作、市场、读者。）可知，作者是逐渐喜欢上了陶艺课，会在空闲时间去主动学习、制作，可见陶艺已经逐渐成为了他的一种爱好。故选C。
22．推理判断题。根据最后一段“It is smething mre than a new hbby. This is the peace that everyne needs in ur life.”（这不仅仅是一种新的爱好，这是我们生活中每个人都需要的平静。）可知，作者认为新爱好会让人感到平静。故选A。
23．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Finally finding a hbby that is just fr my wn enjyment is a release.”（最终找到一个只是为了我自己的享受的爱好，是一种释放。）、“Making time fr this als means carving ut time, fr creatin and inspiratin, and als fr the rest that is required fr me t reflect n my life.”（腾出时间来做这些也意味着腾出时间来创造和灵感，也意味着腾出时间来反思我的生活。）和“It is smething mre than a new hbby. This is the peace that everyne needs in ur life.”（这不仅仅是一种新的爱好，这是我们生活中每个人都需要的平静。）及全文内容可知，本文主要表达了拥有一个爱好的好处，可以让我们得到释放，反思生活，感受到平静。故选A。
（22·23上·邢台·期中）I lk frward t my half hur train ride t wrk every mrning. I can lk ut f the windw as it twists and turns itself thrugh neighbrhds with the sun casting its strng lighting n the flr f the train car. I smetimes get lst in thught while fllwing the light. But the reasn I lve this ride is that it’s a reminder f hw neighbrhds can change frm blck t blck.
Fr almst a year nw I have been riding this train as I head int the ffice where I wrk as a reprter fr a lcal magazine. I am ne f 13 jurnalists wh help reprt cmmunity news in areas that are ften frgtten. And fr me, that means cvering areas like the ne I grew up in.
Last week, as I was n the way t my ffice, I started wndering hw neighbrhds have changed since the 2008 husing crisis. I searched addresses n the city’s suthwest side, a neighbrhd that has seen a significant number f residential hmes pulled dwn, I scanned the street views recrded n my phne and saw hw the neighbrhd lked in 2007. Then I set ut t visit the city blck, and that’s when I met 3-year-ld Harmny.
Harmny lved cllecting rcks fr me t hld as I walked dwn the street with her mther, Marquita. I already knew what the neighbrhd lked like in the past, but Marquita shared mre details f the peple wh nce lived n her blck, wh were really friendly t each ther. Hwever, peple tday in the neighbrhd are busy with life and seldm say hell t each ther. Marquita has lived n this blck her entire life, and Harmny has fr mst f her shrt life as well. But the neighbrhd that Marquita grew up in will be ne bviusly different than the ne Harmny will grw t knw.
In the end, they smiled at my camera. And then I gt back n the train and headed back t the ffice t tell their stries.
24．What makes the authr lve his train ride t wrk?
A．Being lst in thught.B．Admiring the utside views.
C．Enjying the warm sunshine.D．Knwing the change f blcks.
25．Hw did the authr find ut what the city’s suthwest side lked like in the past?
A．By reading earlier reprts.B．By interviewing lcal peple.
C．By watching past street views.D．By searching his memries.
26．Hw might Marquita feel when she talked with the authr?
A．Sad.B．Nervus.C．Tuched.D．Cnfused.
27．What is the main purpse f the text?
A．T share a pleasant train ride with us.
B．T tell us the wrk f a news reprter.
C．T shw us a crwded cmmunity.
D．T intrduce a new neighbrhd.
【答案】24．D 25．C 26．A 27．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者乘坐火车上班的体验和观察，以及作者作为一名记者的工作。
24．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“But the reasn I lve this ride is that it’s a reminder f hw neighbrhds can change frm blck t blck.(但我喜欢这个旅程的原因是，它提醒我，街区之间是如何变化的。)”可知，作者喜欢坐火车去上班是想了解街区的变化。故选D。
25．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Last week, as I was n the way t my ffice, I started wndering hw neighbrhds have changed since the 2008 husing crisis. I searched addresses n the city’s suthwest side, a neighbrhd that has seen a significant number f residential hmes pulled dwn, I scanned the street views recrded n my phne and saw hw the neighbrhd lked in 2007.(上周，在去办公室的路上，我开始思考自2008年房地产危机以来，社区发生了怎样的变化。我搜索了纽约市西南侧的地址，那里有大量住宅被拆除，我浏览了手机上记录的街景，看看这个社区2007年的样子。)”可知，作者通过浏览手机上记录的过去的街景来发现城市的西南处在过去的样子。故选C。
26．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“I already knew what the neighbrhd lked like in the past, but Marquita shared mre details f the peple wh nce lived n her blck, wh were really friendly t each ther. Hwever, peple tday in the neighbrhd are busy with life and seldm say hell t each ther.(我已经知道这个社区过去是什么样子了，但Marquita分享了更多关于曾经住在她那个街区的人的细节，他们彼此非常友好。然而，今天附近的人都忙于生活，很少互相打招呼。)”可知，Marquita在和作者分享这些的时候感到有点悲伤。故选A。
27．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Then I set ut t visit the city blck, and that’s when I met 3-year-ld Harmny.(然后我出发去参观城市街区，就在那时我遇到了3岁的Harmny。)”、第四段作者和Marquita母女的聊天以及最后一段“In the end, they smiled at my camera. And then I gt back n the train and headed back t the ffice t tell their stries.(最后，她们对着我的相机笑了。然后我回到火车上，回到办公室，讲述他们的故事。)”可知，文章的目的是主要讲述了一个新闻记者的工作。故选B。
【名校好题强化】说明文题组
（23·24上·浙江·期中）Stay-at-hme kids are named “generatin nini” in Spain. They are thse adults wh still live at hme and are neither wrking nr studying. But the prblem is by n means limited t Spain. It is a wrldwide prblem.
In Italy, they are knwn as “bambccini” r big babies. There are nearly 60 percent f 18 t 34-year-ld adults still living in their parents’ hme, up frm almst 50 percent since 1983. Last year, an Italian gvernment minister admitted that his mther washed his clthes and made the bed fr him until he was 30. He demanded a law frcing yung Italians t leave their parents’ hme at 18 t stp them becming hpelessly dependent n their parents.
In the UK, the gvernment has made the term NEETS — nt in emplyment, educatin r training fr these children. In England alne, the percent f NEETS aged 19-24 surged t 18. 8 percent f the age grup in the last quarter f 2010, up 1.4 percent n the same perid a year befre. The number f British men in their 20s living with their parents has risen frm 59 percent t 80 percent in the past 15 years, while the number f wmen has risen frm 41 percent t 50 percent. The average age f the first-time huse buyers is nw 38.
In the US, the prblem is knwn as the “Full Nest Syndrme (综合症)”. Adults there are left struggling t supprt adult children wh have stayed at hme with student debts and facing few jb pprtunities in a weak ecnmy. A recent study shwed almst a third f American adults aged 34 and under are living with their parents.
28．What’s the purpse f the first paragraph?
A．T intrduce the main tpic.B．T shw the authr’s attitude.
C．T describe a situatin.D．T analyze causes.
29．The Italian gvernment minister hlds the belief that ________.
A．it is nrmal fr adult children t live with their parents.
B．parents shuld never wash clthes fr their children.
C．yung peple shuld live n their wn after 18.
D．parents shuld take care f their adult children.
30．Which f the fllwing is TRUE accrding t the last paragraph?
A．American parents are willing t live with their adult children.
B．Sme American adult children becme a heavy burden t their parents.
C．Mst America adults aged 34 are living with their parents.
D．It is widely accepted fr adult children t live with their parents in America.
31．Where is this text taken frm?
A．An advertisement.B．A science reprt.C．A newspaper.D．A brchure.
【答案】28．A 29．C 30．B 31．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几个欧洲国家和美国的年轻人啃老现象十分严重，很多成年人仍住在父母家里，不可救药地依赖父母，这些啃老族给父母带来了巨大的麻烦。
28．推理判断题。根据第一段“Stay-at-hme kids are named “generatin nini” in Spain. They are thse adults wh still live at hme and are neither wrking nr studying. But the prblem is by n means limited t Spain. It is a wrldwide prblem.(在西班牙，呆在家里的孩子被称为“妮妮一代”。他们是那些仍然住在家里，既不工作也不学习的成年人。但这个问题绝不仅限于西班牙。这是一个世界性的问题)”可推知，第一段的目的是引入文章主题。故选A。
29．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“He demanded a law frcing yung Italians t leave their parents’ hme at 18 t stp them becming hpelessly dependent n their parents.(他要求制定一项法律，迫使意大利的年轻人在18岁时离开父母的家，以防止他们无可救药地依赖父母)”可知，这位意大利政府部长认为，年轻人18岁以后应该独立生活。故选C。
30．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Adults there are left struggling t supprt adult children wh have stayed at hme with student debts and facing few jb pprtunities in a weak ecnmy.(在经济疲软的情况下，成年子女留在家里还欠着学生贷款，就业机会也很少，而那里的成年人要努力养活他们)”可知，B选项“一些美国成年子女成为父母的沉重负担”正确。故选B。
31．推理判断题。根据第一段“Stay-at-hme kids are named “generatin nini” in Spain. They are thse adults wh still live at hme and are neither wrking nr studying. But the prblem is by n means limited t Spain. It is a wrldwide prblem.(在西班牙，呆在家里的孩子被称为“妮妮一代”。他们是那些仍然住在家里，既不工作也不学习的成年人。但这个问题绝不仅限于西班牙。这是一个世界性的问题)”结合文章主要介绍了几个欧洲国家和美国的年轻人啃老现象十分严重，很多成年人仍住在父母家里，不可救药地依赖父母，这些啃老族给父母带来了巨大的麻烦。可推知，文章选自报纸。故选C。
（22·23上·深圳·期中）With a relatively small ppulatin, pandas are nt ut f the wds r the bamb frest just yet. The biggest threat t the wild panda ppulatin is habitat lss. And while arund 34%0f its wild habitat is prtected, these areas are still vulnerable t natural disasters, such as wildfires. T prtect panda habitat, the Digital Panda System, develped by the Sichuan Frest and Grassland Administratin and Chinese technlgy giant Huawei, was used effectively acrss frest and grasslands in Sichuan Prvince
The instant reprting system helps t detect wildfires in hard-t-reach areas, alerting fire departments s they can react quickly, as well as mnitring wildlife. Meanwhile, anther smart technlgy-facial recgnitin culd help identify individual pandas mre accurately. Each panda has a unique facial structure and hair pattern. T the human eye, their fur-cvered faces all lk the same, but cmputer prgrams are able t distinguish the differences.
The system cllects data frm ver 600 cameras, drnes (无人机) and satellites, which it stres in the clud. Researchers use this data t mnitr, track and study wildlife as well as detect wildfire htspts. Because the cameras are used in remte areas where there is little r n electricity, the system is slar-pwered and uses micrwave transmissin (传送), which desn’t require cables (电缆).
The system assists 140,000 frest rangers, grassland managers, cnservatinists and researchers in Sichuan. In its first five mnths f peratins, it detected 651 wildfire htspts, reducing frest fires by 71.6% cmpared t the same perid the previus year.
Despite its name, the Digital Panda System ffers prtectin t mre than just pandas. The system cvers the Sichuan sectin f the newly established Giant Panda Natinal Park. The park is hme t mst f China’s 1800 wild pandas alng with a further 8,000 animal and plant species. In the future, the digital panda system culd be extended acrss the sectins f the natinal park that lie in Shanxi and Gansu prvinces, creating mre success stries fr ther endangered species.
32．Why was the Digital Panda System built?
A．T recrd wildlife ppulatin.
B．T prtect wild pandas frm lsing habitat.
C．T increase frest and grassland cverage.
D．T prvide pandas with mre bambs as fd.
33．What d we knw abut the system?
A．Cmputer prgrams identify pandas by size.
B．The data cllected is mainly stred in cameras.
C．Smart technlgy plays an imprtant rle in its peratin.
D．The system fails t cllect data in areas withut access t electricity.
34．What is the purpse f listing figures in paragraph 4?
A．T prve the effectiveness f the system.
B．T shw the varius functins f system.
C．T illustrate the data cllectin prcess f the prgram.
D．T cmpare the advantages and disadvantages f the system.
35．What can we infer frm the last paragraph?
A．The system aims at saving pandas nly.
B．The system has already gne int service natinwide.
C．The system is likely t benefit ther animals facing extinctin.
D．The system ffers prtectin t all the species in Sichuan Prvince.
【答案】32．B 33．C 34．A 35．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章旨在介绍数字熊猫系统的运用对濒危物种的保护作用。
32．细节理解题。根据第一段的“T prtect panda habitat, the Digital Panda System, c- develped by the Sichuan gvernment and Chinese technlgy giant Huawei, was used effectively acrss frest and grasslands in Sichuan Prvince.(为了保护熊猫栖息地，四川省森林和草原管理局和中国科技巨头华为共同开发的数字熊猫系统在四川省的森林和草原上得到了有效的使用)”可知，数字熊猫系统是为了保护野生大熊猫栖息地免于丧失。故选B项。
33．推理判断题。根据第二段的“The instant reprting system helps t detect wildfires in hard-t-reach areas, alerting fire departments s they can react quickly, as well as mnitring wildlife. Meanwhile, anther smart technlgy-facial recgnitin culd help identify individual pandas mre accurately. Each panda has a unique facial structure and hair pattern. T the human eye, their fur-cvered faces all lk the same, but cmputer prgrams are able t distinguish the differences.( 即时报告系统有助于在难以到达的地区发现野火，向消防部门发出警报，以便他们迅速作出反应，并监测野生动物。与此同时，另一项智能技术——面部识别可以帮助更准确地识别大熊猫个体。每只熊猫都有独特的面部结构和毛发图案。在人眼看来，它们覆盖着皮毛的脸看起来都是一样的，但计算机程序能够区分这些差异。)”可推断，智能技术在其运行中发挥着重要作用。故选C项。
34．推理判断题。根据第四段“The system assists 140,000 frest rangers, grassland managers, cnservatinists and researchers in Sichuan. In its first five mnths f peratins, it detected 651 wildfire htspts, reducing frest fires by 71.6% cmpared t the same perid the previus year. (该系统为四川14万名护林员、草原管理者、自然资源保护人士和研究人员提供了帮助。在最初的五个月里，它发现了651个野火地点，与上年同期相比使森林火灾减少了71. 6%)”可推知，通过这些数字可以证明这个系统是非常有效的。故选A项。
35．细节理解题。根据最后一段“In the future, the digital panda system culd be extended acrss the sectins f the natinal park that lie in Shanxi and Gansu prvinces, creating mre success stries fr ther endangered species. (未来，数字熊猫系统可能会扩展到位于山西和甘肃省的国家公园，为其他濒危物种创造更多成功的故事。)”可知，该系统可能有利于其他濒临灭绝的动物。故选D项。
（23·24上·福州·期中）Bacteria are an annying prblem fr astrnauts. The micr-rganisms frm ur bdies grw uncntrllably n surfaces f the Internatinal Space Statin, s astrnauts spend hurs cleaning them up each week. Hw is NASA vercming this very tiny big prblem? It’s turning t a bunch f high schl kids. But nt just any kids. It is depending n NASA HUNCH high schl classrms, like the ne science teachers Gene Grdn and Dnna Himmelberg lead at Fairprt High Schl in Fairprt, New Yrk.
HUNCH is designed t cnnect high schl classrms with NASA engineers. Fr the past tw years, Grdn’s students have been studying ways t kill bacteria in zer gravity, and they think they’re clse t a slutin. “We dn’t give the students any breaks. They have t d it just like NASA engineers,” says Flrence Gld, a prject manager.
“There are n tests,” Grdn says. “There is n graded hmewrk. There almst are n grades, ther than ‘Are yu wrking twards yur gal?’. Basically, it’s ‘I’ve gt t prduce this prduct and then, at the end f the year, present it t NASA．’ Engineers cme and really d an in-persn review, and… it’s nt a very nice thing at times. It’s a hard business review f yur prduct.”
Grdn says the HUNCH prgram has an impact n cllege admissins and practical life skills. “These kids are s absrbed in their studies that I just sit back. I dn’t teach.” And that annying bacteria? Grdn says his students are emailing daily with NASA engineers abut the prblem, readying a wrkable slutin t test in space.
36．What d we knw abut the bacteria in the Internatinal Space Statin?
A．They lead t air pllutin.B．They are hard t get rid f.
C．They damage the instruments.D．They appear in different frms.
37．What is the purpse f the HUNCH prgram?
A．T strengthen teacher-student relatinships.B．T sharpen students’ cmmunicatin skills.
C．T allw students t experience zer gravity.D．T link space technlgy with schl educatin.
38．What d the NASA engineers d fr the students in the prgram?
A．Check their prduct.B．Guide prject designs.
C．Adjust wrk schedules.D．Grade their hmewrk.
39．What is the best title fr the text?
A．Nature: An Outdr ClassrmB．NASA: The Hme f Astrnauts
C．Space: The Final Hmewrk FrntierD．HUNCH: A Cllege Admissin Refrm
【答案】36．B 37．D 38．A 39．C
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。主要介绍了美国国家航空航天局的HUNCH计划，此计划的目的是把航天技术与学校教育结合起来，把空间技术带进课堂，与学校教育相结合，这项计划实施结果显示会影响到学生的生活和大学录取。
36．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Bacteria are an annying prblem fr astrnauts. The micr-rganisms frm ur bdies grw uncntrllably n surfaces f the Internatinal Space Statin, s astrnauts spend hurs cleaning them up each week.(细菌对宇航员来说是个烦人的问题。我们体内的微生物在国际空间站的表面无法控制地生长，因此宇航员每周都要花几个小时来清理它们)”可知，细菌在国际空间站的表面无法控制地生长,宇航员每周要花几个小时来清理它们，即它们很难清除。故选B项。
37．推理判断题。根据第二段的“HUNCH is designed t cnnect high schl classrms with NASA engineers. Fr the past tw years, Grdn’s students have been studying ways t kill bacteria in zer gravity, and they think they’re clse t a slutin.(HUNCH旨在将高中教室与美国国家航空航天局的工程师联系起来。在过去的两年里，戈登的学生们一直在研究在零重力下杀死细菌的方法，他们认为他们已经接近解决方案)”以及最后一段“Grdn says his students are emailing daily with NASA engineers abut the prblem, readying a wrkable slutin t test in space.(戈登说，他的学生们每天都在给美国国家航空航天局的工程师们发电子邮件，讨论这个问题，为在太空中进行测试准备一个可行的解决方案)”可知，HUNCH项目的目的是把空间技术与学校教育相结合。故选D项。
38．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Engineers cme and really d an in-persn review,(工程师们会来亲自审查)”可知，NASA的工程师会亲自审核学生们所做的产品。故选A项。
39．主旨大意题。根据第二段的“HUNCH is designed t cnnect high schl classrms with NASA engineers. Fr the past tw years, Grdn’s students have been studying ways t kill bacteria in zer gravity, and they think they’re clse t a slutin.(HUNCH旨在将高中教室与美国国家航空航天局的工程师联系起来。在过去的两年里，戈登的学生们一直在研究在零重力下杀死细菌的方法，他们认为他们已经接近解决方案)”以及第三段的“There is n graded hmewrk. There almst are n grades, ther than ‘Are yu wrking twards yur gal?’. Basically, it’s ‘I’ve gt t prduce this prduct and then, at the end f the year, present it t NASA.’ Engineers cme and really d an in-persn review, and… it’s nt a very nice thing at times. It’s a hard business review f yur prduct.(没有分级作业。除了‘你正在朝着目标努力吗？’之外，几乎没有分级。基本上，就是‘我必须生产这种产品，然后在年底将其提交给美国国家航空航天局。’工程师们会来亲自审查，而且……有时这不是一件好事。这是对你的产品的艰难商业审查)”可知，HUNCH计划将航天技术与学校教育结合起来，学生用类似交作业的方式，制作供美国国家航空航天局使用的产品，以此探索浩瀚的太空，因此“太空：最后的功课前沿”最适合做文章的标题。故选C项。
（23·24上·朝阳·期中）Als knwn as Adlerian psychlgy, individual psychlgy ffers a refreshing perspective and insights int interpersnal relatinships, fear and trauma (精神创伤). It is a thery f human behavir that fcuses n the basic need f belnging and the imprtance f engaging in cnstructive actins. The Curage t Be Disliked, using the theries f Alfred Adler, fllws a dialgue between a philspher r a teacher and a yung man. The philspher helps his student t understand hw each f us is able t determine the directin f ur wn life, free frm the past trauma and the expectatins f thers.
Alfred Adler believes that ur past trauma dn’t define ur future. Instead, we chse hw trauma affect ur present r future lives. We d nt suffer frm the shck f ur experiences—the s-called trauma—but instead, and we make whatever suits ur purpses ut f them. We are nt determined by ur experiences, but the meaning we give them is self-determining.
In ther wrds, he claims that ne desn’t suffer frm the shck f their experiences (the trauma), but that we feel that way because that was ur gal in the first place. Adler cnveys an example f a persn that desn’t want t step ut f his huse due t anxiety and fear filling him up every time he steps utside. The philspher asserts that the persn creates fear and anxiety s that he stays inside.
Why? Because pssibly he’ll have t face the uncertainty f being ut there, facing the mass. Pssibly, the man believes that he’s s average that nbdy will like him. S, it’s better t stay hme and nt risk feeling unwanted emtins.
In the Adlerian wrldview, the past desn’t matter. Yu dn’t think abut past causes; yu think abut present gals. Yu chse an emtin r behavir t achieve a present gal.
40．Why des the authr mentin The Curage t Be Disliked?
A．T prpse a slutin.B．T ffer a definitin.
C．T intrduce the tpic.D．T present the backgrund.
41．What is Adler’s perspective n fear and trauma?
A．They can be vercme by persnal chices.B．They shuld be avided at all csts in life.
C．They will always define a persn’s future.D．They have n impact n a persn’s mental well-being.
42．What des the underlined wrd “asserts” mean in paragraph 3?
A．Recmmends.B．States.C．Prmises.D．Denies.
43．What’s the authr’s purpse in writing the text?
A．T intrduce Adler in detail.B．T analyze the causes f fear and trauma.
C．T explre the effects f past experiences.D．T call n peple t fcus n the present and future.
【答案】40．C 41．A 42．B 43．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述阿德勒心理学的一些理论观点。
40．推理判断题。由文章第一段“It is a thery f human behavir that fcuses n the basic need f belnging and the imprtance f engaging in cnstructive actins. The Curage t Be Disliked, using the theries f Alfred Adler, fllws a dialgue between a philspher r a teacher and a yung man. The philspher helps his student t understand hw each f us is able t determine the directin f ur wn life, free frm the past trauma and the expectatins f thers.(它是一种人类行为理论，关注归属的基本需求和参与建设性行动的重要性。《被厌恶的勇气》采用了阿尔弗雷德•阿德勒的理论，讲述了一位哲学家或老师与一位年轻人之间的对话。这位哲学家帮助他的学生了解我们每个人如何能够在摆脱过去的创伤和他人的期望的情况下，确定自己的生活方向。)”可知，作者提出《被厌恶的勇气》是为了引出下文阿德勒的一些理论，所以有引出话题的作用。故选C项。
41．推理判断题。由文章第二段“We d nt suffer frm the shck f ur experiences—the s-called trauma—but instead, and we make whatever suits ur purpses ut f them. We are nt determined by ur experiences, but the meaning we give them is self-determining.(我们没有遭受我们的经历的冲击——所谓的创伤——而是从中创造出适合我们目的的东西。我们不是由我们的经历决定的，但我们赋予它们的意义是自我决定的。)”可知，阿德勒认为恐惧和创伤可以通过个人选择来克服。故选A项。
42．词句猜测题。由文章第三段“In ther wrds, he claims that ne desn’t suffer frm the shck f their experiences (the trauma), but that we feel that way because that was ur gal in the first place. (换言之，他声称一个人不会因为自己的经历而受到冲击（创伤），但我们有这种感觉，因为这是我们最初的目标。)”以及“The philspher asserts that the persn creates fear and anxiety s that he stays inside.(哲学家，一个人制造恐惧和焦虑，所以他呆在里面。)”可知，这里assert应和claim意思相近，表“说明，声明”的意思。故选B项。
43．推理判断题。由文章最后一段“In the Adlerian wrldview, the past desn’t matter. Yu dn’t think abut past causes; yu think abut present gals. Yu chse an emtin r behavir t achieve a present gal.(在阿的世界观中，过去并不重要。你不会考虑过去的原因；你思考当前的目标。你选择一种情绪或行为来实现目前的目标。)”以及上文可知，文章主要讲述阿德勒心理学的一些理论观点，呼吁人们不要太在乎过去，而应关注现在和未来。故选D项。
（23·24上·成都·期中）Shuld we allw mdern buildings t be built next t lder buildings in a histric area f a city? In rder t answer this questin, we must first examine whether peple really want t preserve the histric feel f an area. Nt all histrical buildings are attractive. Hwever, there may be ther reasns — fr example, ecnmic reasns — why they shuld be preserved. S, let us assume that histrical buildings are bth attractive and imprtant t the majrity f peple. What shuld we d then if a new building is needed?
In my view, new architectural styles can exist perfectly well alngside an lder style. Indeed, there are many examples in my wn hmetwn f Turs where mdern designs have been placed very successfully next t ld buildings. As lng as the building in questin is pleasing and des nt dminate (影响) its surrundings t much, it ften imprves the attractiveness f the area.
It is true that there are examples f new buildings which have destryed the area they are in, but the same can be said f sme ld buildings t. Yet peple still speak against new buildings in histric areas. I think this is simply because peple are naturally cnservative (保守的) and d nt like change.
Althugh we have t respect peple’s feelings as fellw users f the buildings, I believe that it is the duty f the architect and planner t mve things frward. If we always reprduced what was there befre, we wuld all still be living in caves. Thus, I wuld argue against cpying previus architectural styles and chse smething fresh and different, even thugh that might be the mre risky chice.
44．What des the authr say abut histrical buildings in the first paragraph?
A．Sme f them are nt attractive.
B．Mst f them are t expensive t preserve.
C．They are mre pleasing than mdern buildings.
D．They have nthing t d with the histric feel f an area.
45．Which f the fllwing is true accrding t the authr?
A．We shuld reprduce the same ld buildings.
B．Buildings shuld nt dminate their surrundings.
C．Sme ld buildings have destryed the area they are in.
D．N ne understands why peple speak against new buildings.
46．By “mve things frward” in the last paragraph, the authr prbably means “”.
A．destry ld buildingsB．put things in a different place
C．chse new architectural stylesD．respect peple’s feelings fr histrical buildings
47．What is the main purpse f the passage?
A．T explain why peple dislike change.
B．T warn that we culd end up living in caves.
C．T admit hw new buildings have ruined their surrundings.
D．T argue that mdern buildings can be built in histric areas.
【答案】44．A 45．C 46．C 47．D
【导语】本文为议论文。文章讨论了是否现代的建筑应该和古老的历史建筑在一起，在作者看来历史建筑应该保存，但是我们的建筑风格也应该改变，不能因为历史建筑破坏我们的生活。
44．细节理解题。根据第一段的“Nt all histrical buildings are attractive(并不是所有的历史建筑都有吸引力)”可知，作者认为一些历史建筑不够有吸引力，故选A。
45．细节理解题。根据第三段的“It is true that there are examples f new buildings which have spilt（破坏）the area they are in, but the same can be said f sme ld buildings t(的确，一些新建筑破坏了它们所在的区域，但一些老建筑也同样如此)”可知，作者认为一些旧建筑毁坏了他们所在的地区。故选C。
46．词句猜测题。根据第三段最后一句“I think this is simply because peple are naturally cnservative and d nt like change(我认为这很简单，因为人们天生保守，不喜欢改变)”可知，作者认为人们天生保守，不喜欢改变，根据第四段第二句“If we always reprduced what was there befre, we wuld all still be living in caves(如果我们总是重现以前的样子，我们都还会住在洞穴里)”可知，如果建筑师不改变建筑风格，我们现在还住在山洞里面。由此可知，虽然我们必须尊重人们作为建筑使用者的感受，但建筑师和规划师要选择新的建筑风格，以推进事物的向前发展。由此猜测划线部分意为“选择新的建筑风格”。故选C。
47．推理判断题。文章第一段“Shuld we allw mdem buildings t be built next t lder buildings in a histric area f a city(我们是否应该让现代建筑建在城市历史地段的老建筑旁边)?”作者提出问题，下文就此展开论证；最后一段“Thus, I wuld argue against cpying previus architectural styles and chse smething fresh and different, thugh that might be the mre risky chice(因此，我反对复制以前的架构风格，而选择一些新颖和不同的风格，尽管这可能是更危险的选择)” 作者得出结论，认为现代建筑可以建在历史区域。由此推测，这篇文章的目的是指出现代建筑可以建在历史地区。故选D。
（23·24上·江苏·阶段练习）We all may knw smene we cnsider t be a picky eater, wh tends t dislike sme cmmn fd regularly and causes scial embarrassment when rdering at restaurants. But fr sme peple picky eating can actually becme a serius disrder, and clinical definitins f picky eating behavirs ften include peple wh nly cnsume arund 20 different kinds f fds fr a lng perid f time.
“Having restricted diets can lead t nutritinal deficiencies (缺陷) as well as health prblems like heart disease, pr bne health and dental issues,” explained Lrenz Staffrd, ne f the authrs n the latest study. “There is als a scial cst because nrmally enjyable mments between family members can easily turn int stressful, anxius, and cnflict-causing situatins when picky eaters feel ashamed r pressured t eat certain fd.”
A new research hmed in n the effect f plate clr n fd desirability fr picky eaters. The experiment was based n a fundatinal study frm 2018 which lked at the way different clred fd bwls affected a persn’s sense f taste.
Using a design similar t the 2018 research, the new experiments had participants rate the sweetness, saltiness and verall desirability f a snack fd eaten frm different clred bwls. In this instance the snack was salt and vinegar ptat crisps cnsumed frm either a red, blue r white bwl. Arund 50 participants were recruited (招募) and classified as either picky r nn-picky eaters based n a standard questinnaire.
The results revealed picky eaters cnsidered the snack t be saltier when it was eaten frm a red r blue bwl cmpared t the white bwl. And verall, picky eaters fund the snack generally less desirable when eaten frm a red bwl.
It is wrth mentining that a recent survey estimated nearly ne in five American adults culd be clinically classified as picky eaters. S explring ways t help these peple better engage with mre types f fd culd result in valuable health utcmes.
48．Which f the fllwing may be a picky eater?
A．Tm wh ate nly sme bread this mrning.B．Lisa wh nly has vegetables fr lsing weight.
C．Peter wh ften rders little at restaurants.D．Alex wh likes nly a small range f dishes.
49．What’s paragraph 2 mainly abut?
A．Health prblems caused by picky eating.
B．Mments that are ruined by picky eaters.
C．Ptential cnsequences f picky eating.
D．Qutes f Lrenz t supprt the research findings.
50．What is the finding f the new research?
A．Bwls f different clrs directly affect appetite f eaters.
B．Blue clr bwls can make the fd in them saltier fr eaters.
C．Fd in red bwls seems less attractive t picky eaters.
D．The clr f the bwl can change the taste f the dishes.
51．What’s the purpse f the last paragraph?
A．T shw ways f enhancing peple’s appetite effectively.
B．T stress the imprtance f reducing picky eaters’ anxiety and stress.
C．T encurage us t raise picky eaters’ awareness f healthy eating.
D．T call n researchers t help picky eaters try a wider variety f fds.
【答案】48．D 49．C 50．C 51．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了最近的一项调查估计，近五分之一的美国成年人在临床上可以被归类为挑食者。因此，探索帮助这些人更好地接触更多种类的食物的方法可能会带来有价值的健康结果。
48．推理判断题。根据第一段“But fr sme peple picky eating can actually becme a serius disrder, and clinical definitins f picky eating behavirs ften include peple wh nly cnsume arund 20 different kinds f fds fr a lng perid f time.”（但对一些人来说，挑食实际上会成为一种严重的疾病，临床上对挑食行为的定义通常包括那些长时间只吃20种左右不同食物的人）可知，临床上对挑食行为的定义通常包括那些长时间只吃20种左右不同食物。由此推知，只喜欢一小部分菜的亚历克斯可能是挑食者。故选D项。
49．主旨大意题。根据第二段““Having restricted diets can lead t nutritinal deficiencies (缺陷) as well as health prblems like heart disease, pr bne health and dental issues,” explained Lrenz Staffrd, ne f the authrs n the latest study. “There is als a scial cst because nrmally enjyable mments between family members can easily turn int stressful, anxius, and cnflict-causing situatins when picky eaters feel ashamed r pressured t eat certain fd.””（这项最新研究的作者之一洛伦佐•斯塔福德(Lrenz Staffrd)解释说：“限制饮食会导致营养缺乏，以及心脏病、骨质疏松和牙齿问题等健康问题。”“这也有社会成本，因为家庭成员之间通常愉快的时刻很容易变成压力、焦虑和引发冲突的情况，当挑食者感到羞耻或被迫吃某些食物时。”）可知，第二段主要讲的是挑食的潜在后果。故选C项。
50．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“And verall, picky eaters fund the snack generally less desirable when eaten frm a red bwl.”（总的来说，挑食的人发现，当他们从红色的碗里吃零食时，这些零食通常不那么令人满意）可知，这项新研究的发现是对于挑食的人来说，红碗里的食物似乎没有那么有吸引力。故选C项。
51．推理判断题。根据最后一段“It is wrth mentining that a recent survey estimated nearly ne in five American adults culd be clinically classified as picky eaters. S explring ways t help these peple better engage with mre types f fd culd result in valuable health utcmes.”（值得一提的是，最近的一项调查估计，近五分之一的美国成年人在临床上可以被归类为挑食者。因此，探索帮助这些人更好地接触更多种类的食物的方法可能会带来有价值的健康结果。）可推知，最后一段的目的是呼吁研究人员帮助挑食者尝试更多种类的食物。故选D项。
（23·24上·平凉·阶段练习）Researchers have develped a material made f cllagen prtein (胶原蛋白) frm pig’s skin, which resembles the human crnea (眼角膜) and restred visin t 20 peple. The prmising result f the trial brings hpe t peple suffering frm crneal blindness.
An estimated 12.7 millin peple arund the wrld are blind due t their crneas being damaged r diseased. Their nly way f regaining visin is t receive a transplanted crnea frm a human dnr. But just ne in 70 patients receives a crnea transplant. Furthermre, mst f them live in lw and middle-incme cuntries in which access t treatments is very limited.
T avid the abve disadvantages f traditinal crnea treatment, the researchers used cllagen prtein frm pig’s skin. “It is pssible t develp a bimaterial that meets all the criteria fr being used as human implants (移植物), which can be mass-prduced and reach mre peple with visin prblems,” said Prfessr Neil Lagali. While dnated crneas must be used within tw weeks, the biengineered crneas can be stred fr up t tw years befre use. The pig skin used is a byprduct f the fd industry, making it easy t access.
The researchers have als develped a new surgical methd fr treating the disease. N stitches (缝针) are needed with this new methd. In a pilt study, 14 f the 20 participants were blind befre the peratin. After tw years, all f the patients regained their sight. Three f the Indian participants wh had been blind had perfect visin after the peratin.
The researchers als want t study whether the technlgy can be used t treat mre eye diseases, and whether the implant can be adapted t the individual fr even greater effectiveness.
52．What is the disadvantage f traditinal crnea treatment?
A．Serius side effects.B．Lw availability rate.
C．Pr medical equipment.D．Cmplicated surgical prcess.
53．What d we knw abut the bimaterial?
A．It has higher prductin csts.B．It can be stred fr much lnger.
C．It is able t be used fr several times.D．It can help peple prevent visin prblems.
54．Which f the fllwing best describes the new surgical methd?
A．Successful.B．Ineffective.C．Cnvenient.D．Cntrversial.
55．What is the main purpse f the text?
A．T spread knwledge abut crnea dnatin.
B．T shw the difficulties f treating blindness.
C．T call n peple t prtect their eyes prperly.
D．T present a new breakthrugh in the medical field.
【答案】52．B 53．B 54．A 55．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是研究人员开发出一种由猪皮肤胶原蛋白制成的材料，这种材料类似于人类角膜，并使20人恢复了视力，这项试验的可喜结果给角膜失明患者带来了希望。
52．细节理解题。根据第二段“But just ne in 70 patients receives a crnea transplant. Furthermre, mst f them live in lw and middle-incme cuntries in which access t treatments is very limited.(但70名患者中只有1人接受了角膜移植。此外，他们大多数生活在低收入和中等收入国家，这些国家获得治疗的机会非常有限)”可知，只有七十分之一的患者能有机会接受眼角膜移植，而且大多数人还生活在低收入和中等收入国家。由此可知，在这些国家，获得治疗的途径非常有限。故选B。
53．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“While dnated crneas must be used within tw weeks, the biengineered crneas can be stred fr up t tw years befre use.(虽然捐献的角膜必须在两周内使用，但生物工程角膜在使用前可以储存长达两年)”可知，生物材料可以储存更长的时间。故选B。
54．推理判断题。根据第四段“N stitches (缝针) are needed with this new methd. In a pilt study, 14 f the 20 participants were blind befre the peratin. After tw years, all f the patients regained their sight. Three f the Indian participants wh had been blind had perfect visin after the peratin.(这种新方法不需要缝针。在一项初步研究中，20名参与者中有14人在手术前是盲人。两年后，所有的病人都恢复了视力。三名印度盲人在手术后恢复了完美的视力)”可推知，这项新的手术方法是成功的。故选A。
55．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“Researchers have develped a material made f cllagen prtein (胶原蛋白) frm pig’s skin, which resembles the human crnea (眼角膜) and restred visin t 20 peple.(研究人员开发出一种由猪皮肤胶原蛋白制成的材料，这种材料类似于人类角膜，并使20人恢复了视力)”和倒数第二段的“The researchers have als develped a new surgical methd fr treating the disease.(研究人员还开发了一种新的手术方法来治疗这种疾病)”可知，文章主要介绍了科研人员提取猪皮中的胶原蛋白，制成了人类角膜的替代品，并且还开发了一种新的治疗方法。由此推知，文章的目的是展示医学领域的新突破。故选D。
（22·23下·南充·阶段练习）Fr mtrcycle enthusiasts, nthing beats the excitement f riding yur mtrcycle n the pen highway with the wind n yur back. As gas prices rise, riding mtrcycles is ecnmical and a much greener way t travel. Alng with the benefits cmes the risk f persnal injury if an accident ccurs. After all, yu’re nt prtected by steel like yu are while driving yur car. Besides a helmet, the latest safety innvatins, new airbag jeans, are persnal airbags that yu can wear t better prtect yur life.
Airbags have been prtecting peple in car accidents fr decades. Nw, a Swedish cmpany, M’cycle, teamed up with an airbag technlgy cmpany which previusly prduced upper bdy prtectin fr mtrcycle riders, t design and prduce the airbag jeans. This kind f airbag can ffer prtectin fr the mtrcycle rider’s lwer bdy, especially the tailbne, in case f an accident. Accrding t the cmpany, “It refrmed the airbag technlgy t prtect the first bne f the spinal clumn (脊柱), because spinal clumn injury is the leading cause f disability amng mtrcycle riders.”
The airbag jeans lk like cnventinal trusers. Its cmpnent is remvable and the jeans can be washed, dried, and wrn again. The jeans are made f a fabric called Armalith which is strnger and weighs less than steel. Armalith helps t prevent riders frm injuries caused by frce f frictin after a fall. The airbags fixed int the fabric help prtect the rider if he r she falls ff the mtrcycle. If the rider is separated frm the vehicle, the airbags are tuched ff in secnds. That’s because the mechanism is actually a chain that cnnects the jeans t the mtrcycle.
M’cycle’s airbag jeans are available n the cmpany’s crwdfunding campaign alng with an airbag shirt and a cmplete prtectin package. Obviusly, they can prvide prtectin fr mre mtrcycle riders. Making the rads safer fr them is certainly a wrthy effrt.
56．What is the purpse f Paragraph 1?
A．T stress the necessity f airbags jeans.B．T shw the ppularity f mtrcycles.
C．T state the imprtance f wearing helmets.D．T display the excitement f highway riding.
57．What can be inferred frm Paragraph 2?
A．The tailbne injuries are hard t identify.
B．The airbag jeans ffer verall prtectin fr riders.
C．The airbag jeans are based n the existing technlgy.
D．M’ cycle is famus fr airbag design and prductin.
58．What is a feature f airbag jeans?
A．They need fixing regularly.B．They are quick in respnse.
C．They are cmfrtable t wear.D．They lead a new fashin trend.
59．Hw des the authr feel abut the prspect f the airbag jeans?
A．Indifferent.B．Uncertain.
C．Curius.D．Prmising.
【答案】56．A 57．C 58．B 59．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是安全气囊牛仔裤这种新的发明的优点。
56．推理判断题。根据第一段的“Alng with the benefits cmes the risk f persnal injury if an accident ccurs. After all, yu’re nt prtected by steel like yu are while driving yur car. Besides a helmet, the latest safety innvatins, new airbag jeans, are persnal airbags that yu can wear t better prtect yur life.(随着这些好处而来的是，如果发生事故，人身伤害的风险。毕竟，你不像开车时那样受到钢铁的保护。除了头盔，最新的安全创新，新的安全气囊牛仔裤，是个人安全气囊，你可以穿上它来更好地保护你的生命。)”可知，第1段说明了骑摩托车时如果发生事故会有人身伤害的风险，因此目的是强调安全气囊牛仔裤的必要性。故选A。
57．推理判断题。根据第二段的“It refrmed the airbag technlgy t prtect the first bne f the spinal clumn (脊柱), because spinal clumn injury is the leading cause f disability amng mtrcycle riders.(它改革了安全气囊技术，以保护脊柱的第一块骨头，因为脊柱损伤是摩托车骑手致残的主要原因。)”可知，安全气囊牛仔裤是基于现有技术的。故选C。
58．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“If the rider is separated frm the vehicle, the airbags are tuched ff in secnds.(如果骑手与车辆分离，安全气囊会在几秒钟内被触发。)”可知，安全气囊牛仔裤反应迅速。故选B。
59．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Obviusly, they can prvide prtectin fr mre mtrcycle riders. Making the rads safer fr them is certainly a wrthy effrt.(显然，他们可以为更多的摩托车骑手提供保护。让道路对他们来说更安全当然是值得的。)”可知，作者觉得安全气囊牛仔裤是有前景的。故选D。
（23·24上·泉州·阶段练习）Japanese researchers have created smart kitchen utensils (用具) that use electricity t make fd saltier and tastier withut adding any extra salt.
Salt makes fd taste s much better, but it als can be harmful — eating mre than enugh salt can cause serius health prblems like high bld pressure and heart disease. The average Japanese persn eats abut 10 grams f salt a day, duble the daily sdium (钠) intake recmmended by the Wrld Health Organizatin.
But what if we culd make fd taste salty withut using any salt? That’s what scientists at Meiji University have been wrking n fr several years. In 2016, Meiji University teacher Hmei Miyashita develped an electric frk that culd make any fd taste saltier than it actually was. In April 2022, he and his team invented a pair f smart chpsticks that culd als make fd saltier.
The smart chpsticks wrked as intended — they sent sdium ins (钠离子) frm the fd t the muth f the user t create an enhanced sensatin (增强感觉) f saltiness — but they had a big prblem as well. Because f their limited surface, the chpsticks needed t be cnnected t a pwer surce n the user’s arm. Hwever, the newest utensils — a smart spn and bwl — have n such limitatins. There is enugh space fr a built-in battery, s yu n lnger have t cnnect them t a pwer supply every time yu use them.
The new utensils can make fd taste 1.5 times saltier, which is welcme news t the many peple wh lve salty fd, but need t watch their salt intake fr health reasns. Even better is the news that the newest smart utensils are expected t hit the Japanese market early next year.
60．Why did the Japanese researchers create smart kitchen utensils?
A．T help peple have a balanced diet.B．T make salt taste less strng.
C．T let peple eat mre healthily.D．T search fr lw-sdium fd.
61．What is the advantage f the newest utensils cmpared with smart chpsticks?
A．Saving energy.B．Being cnvenient.
C．Being cheap.D．Making fd tasty.
62．Which f the fllwing is ready t be sld as prducts in Japan?
A．The smart frk.B．The smart chpsticks.
C．The smart batteries.D．The smart spn and bwl.
63．What is the purpse f the text?
A．T advise peple t eat less salt.B．T shw sme smart kitchen utensils.
C．T explain hw t make fd tastier.D．T tell us the Japanese’s eating habits.
【答案】60．C 61．B 62．D 63．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了日本研究人员发明智能厨具来让人们吃得更健康，解释了其工作原理以及未来的市场前景。
60．细节理解题。根据第二段“Salt makes fd taste s much better, but it als can be harmful — eating mre than enugh salt can cause serius health prblems like high bld pressure and heart disease.(盐让食物更美味，但它也可能是有害的——摄入过多的盐会导致严重的健康问题，比如高血压和心脏病)”以及第三段“But what if we culd make fd taste salty withut using any salt? That’s what scientists at Meiji University have been wrking n fr several years.(但是，如果我们不用盐就能让食物尝起来咸呢？这就是明治大学的科学家们多年来一直在研究的问题)”可知，日本研究人员发明智能厨具是为了让人们吃得更健康。故选C。
61．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Hwever, the newest utensils — a smart spn and bwl — have n such limitatins. There is enugh space fr a built-in battery, s yu n lnger have t cnnect them t a pwer supply every time yu use them.(然而，最新的餐具——智能勺子和碗——没有这样的限制。有足够的空间放置内置电池，所以你不再需要每次使用时都连接电源)”可知，与智能筷子相比，最新的餐具的优势是方便。故选B。
62．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Even better is the news that the newest smart utensils are expected t hit the Japanese market early next year.(更好的消息是，最新的智能餐具预计将于明年初进入日本市场)”可推知，智能勺子和碗准备作为产品在日本销售。故选D。
63．推理判断题。根据第一段“Japanese researchers have created smart kitchen utensils (用具) that use electricity t make fd saltier and tastier withut adding any extra salt.(日本研究人员发明了一种智能厨具，这种厨具利用电力使食物更咸、更美味，而不需要添加任何额外的盐)”结合文章主要说明了日本研究人员发明智能厨具来让人们吃得更健康，解释了其工作原理以及未来的市场前景。可推知，文章的目的是展示一些智能厨房用具。故选B。
Categries
Ages
Wrd Limits
Minimum
Maximum
Sub-junir
7-9
300 wrds
1000 wrds
Junir
10-12
500 wrds
1000 wrds
Senir
13-16
700 wrds
1000 wrds