专题14 【培优小题狂练】阅读理解“细节理解”题（考情+技法+真题+模拟）-2024年新高考英语二轮复习

这是一份专题14 【培优小题狂练】阅读理解“细节理解”题（考情+技法+真题+模拟）-2024年新高考英语二轮复习，文件包含专题14培优小题狂练阅读理解“细节理解”题考情+技法+真题+模拟-2024年新高考英语二轮复习原卷版docx、专题14培优小题狂练阅读理解“细节理解”题考情+技法+真题+模拟-2024年新高考英语二轮复习解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共50页， 欢迎下载使用。


【近年高考考情】
考例1 (2023•全国甲卷·C篇) 28题
考例2 (2023 ·全国乙卷 ·A篇) 23题
考例3 (2020•全国Ⅰ卷·A篇) 21题
考例4 (2023•全国乙卷·C篇) 28题
考例5 (2023•新高考I卷·A篇) 22题
考例6 (2020•全国Ⅲ卷•D篇) 34题
考例7 (2023•浙江1月卷•A篇) 23题
考例8 (2022•新高考II卷•A篇) 22题
考例9 (2022•全国乙卷•A篇) 22题
考例10 (2020•新高考卷•A篇) 21题
【实用解题妙招】
细节理解题有时比较直接，理解字面意思即可答题；有时则较为间接，需要归纳、概括和推理才能答题。细节理解题占阅读理解总题量的60%左右，是最重要的得分点。
题型一 直接信息题
直接信息题常以应用文的形式出现在考题中，涉及的话题有：广告类、活动安排类、书籍或电影介绍类、演出信息类等。设问方式多为以5W1H(what，wh，when，where，why和hw)等开头的特殊疑问句。
“带着问题找答案”先从题干中提取关键性词语(题眼)，然后以此为线索，运用略读及寻读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与此关键词相关的段落、语句，快速定位该题与哪一段哪一句有关，然后仔细推敲，仔细比较所给选项与文中细节的细微区别，在准确理解细节的前提下，最后确定答案。简言之，可采用“一找二定三比对”的方法。
考例1 (2023•全国甲卷·C篇) 28题
I was abut 13 when an uncle gave me a cpy f Jstein Gaarder’s Sphie’s Wrld. It was full f ideas that were new t me, s I spent the summer with my head in and ut f that bk. It spke t me and brught me int a wrld f philsphy (哲学).
28. Wh pened the dr t philsphy fr the authr?
A. Fucault.B. Eric Weiner.
C. Jstein Gaarder.D. A cllege teacher.
28. C。细节理解题。根据第一段“I was abut 13 when an uncle gave me a cpy f Jstein Gaarder’s Sphie’s Wrld. It was full f ideas that were new t me, s I spent the summer with my head in and ut f that bk. It spke t me and brught me int a wrld f philsphy(哲学).(我13岁的时候，一个叔叔给了我一本Jstein Gaarder的《 Sphie的世界》。书里面的观点对我来说都很新奇，所以我整个夏天都在钻研那本书。它对我说话，把我带入一个哲学的世界。)”可知，Jstein Gaarder为作者打开了通往哲学的大门。故选C。
考例2 (2023 ·全国乙卷 ·A篇) 23
Rebecca Lee Crumpler (1831-1895) wrked as a nurse fr eight years befre studying in medical cllege in Bstn in 1860. Fur years later, she was the first African American wman t receive a medical degree. She mved t Virginia in 1865, where she prvided medical care t freed slaves.
23. Wh was the first African American with a medical degree?
A. Jacqueline Felice de Almania.
B. Tan Yunxian.
C. James Barry.
D. Rebecca Lee Crumpler.
23. D。细节理解题。Step 1找关键词：first African American with a medical degree。Step 2定位到原文：she was the first African American wman t receive a medical degree。Step 3比对选项：通过文章第一部分中的“Fur years later, she was the first African American wman t receive a medical degree. (四年后，她成为第一位获得医学学位的非裔美国女性)”可知，Rebecca Lee Crumpler是第一位获得医学学位的非裔美国人。故选D。
考例3 (2020•全国Ⅰ卷·A篇) 21题
All custmers travelling n TransLink services must be in pssessin f a valid ticket befre barding. Fr ticket infrmatin, please ask at yur lcal statin r call 13 12 30.
While Queensland Rail makes every effrt t ensure trains run as scheduled, there can be n guarantee f cnnectins between trains r between train services and bus services.
21. What wuld yu d t get ticket infrmatin?
A. Call 13 16 17.
B. Visit
C. Ask at the lcal statin.
D. Check the train schedule.
21. C。分析：Step 1找关键词：ticket infrmatin。Step 2定位到原文：在原文中定位原词ticket infrmatin，确定关键句为第一段的第二句“Fr ticket infrmatin，please ask at yur lcal statin r call 13 12 30.”。Step 3比对选项：想要获得票务信息可以咨询当地车站。答案是C。
题型二 间接信息题
间接信息题常在记叙文、说明文或议论文中考查，会涉及“人与自我”“人与社会”和“人与自然”三大主题语境。解此类试题常用“同义转换”法。
该类题的特点是试题题干或选项中的关键词语通常使用同义词或近义词甚至反义词来替换文中的相关细节信息,例如,使用bk对文中的reserve进行同义转换。

考例4 (2023•全国乙卷·C篇) 28题
Accrding t a new study frm market analysts, 1 in 5 Britns say that watching ckery prgrammes n TV has encuraged them t try different fd. Almst ne third say they nw use a wider variety f ingredients (配料) than they used t, and just under 1 in 4 say they nw buy better quality ingredients than befre. One in fur adults say that TV chefs have made them much mre cnfident abut expanding their ckery knwledge and skills, and yung peple are als getting mre interested in cking.
30. Which is the percentage f the peple using mre diverse ingredients nw?
A. 20%.B. 24%.C. 25%.D. 33%.
30.细节理解题。根据第三段的“Almst ne third say they nw use a wider variety f ingredients (配料) than they used t, and just under 1 in 4 say they nw buy better quality ingredients than befre.”（几乎三分之一的人表示他们现在使用的配料比以前更多，将近四分之一的人表示他们现在购买的配料质量比以前更好。）可知，三分之一左右的人，也就是33%左右的人，使用的配料比以前更多。故选D项。
两个同义转换：ne third~33%；a wider variety f =mre diverse
考例5 (2023•新高考I卷·A篇) 22题
Grading Plicies fr Intrductin t Literature
Grading Scale
90-100, A; 80-89, B; 70-79, C; 60-69, D; Belw 60, E.
Essays (60%)
Yur fur majr essays will cmbine t frm the main part f the grade fr this curse: Essay 1 = 10%; Essay 2 = 15%; Essay 3 = 15%; Essay 4 = 20%.
Grup Assignments (30%)
Students will wrk in grups t cmplete fur assignments (作业) during the curse. All the assignments will be submitted by the assigned date thrugh Blackbard, ur nline learning and curse management system.
Daily Wrk/In-Class Writings and Tests/Grup Wrk/Hmewrk (10%)
…
22. Hw many parts is a student’s final grade made up f?
A. Tw.B. Three.C. Fur.D. Five.
22. B。细节理解题。根据黑体小标题“Essays (60%)”、“Grup Assignments (30%)”和“Daily Wrk/In-Class Writings and Tests/Grups Wrk/Hmewrk (10%)”可知，学生的最终成绩由3部分组成。故选B。
同义转换：final grade= Essays (60%)+ Grup Assignments (30%)+ Daily Wrk/In-Class Writings and Tests/Grup Wrk/Hmewrk (10%)
考例6 (2020•全国Ⅲ卷•D篇) 34题
Dr. Jubilad first met the Bajau while grwing up n Samal Island in the Philippines. They made a living as divers, spearfishing r harvesting shellfish. “We were s amazed that they culd stay underwater much lnger than us lcal islanders,” Dr.Jubilad said.“I culd see them actually walking under the sea.”
34. Why was the yung Jubilad astnished at the Bajau?
A. They culd walk n stilts all day.
B. They had a superb way f fishing.
C. They culd stay lng underwater.
D. They lived n bth land and water.
34. C。细节理解题。根据第三段的we were s amazed that they culd stay underwater much lnger than us lcal islanders.(我们很惊讶，他们在水下待的时间比我们当地的岛民要长的多)可知，让Jubilad感到吃惊的是Bajau人能在水下待更长的时间。C. They culd stay lng underwater. (他们能在水下待很长时间)符合以上说法。
同义词复现:astnished与amazed为同义词 。
高频同义转换（动词类）
bk=reserve=rder
cnduct=carry ut
please=amuse=entertain
imprve=prmte
guarantee=ensure
dcument=recrd
ruin=destry=damage=vilate
declare=annunce=infrm
divide=separate=part with
cmplete = fulfill =accmplish= achieve
delay=put ff=pstpne
give=supply=prvide=ffer
encurage = mtivate =stimulate = spur
reject=refuse=turn dwn=decline
receive=accept
see=bserve=ntice=spt
search=explre
cnnect=link=relate=assciate
discurage=frustrate
rent=hire
prve=turn ut
remve=get rid f
admire=appreciate
pssess=wn
decide=determine=reslve t d
get= btain= acquire= gain= pssess
高频同义转换（名词类）
data=statistics
nvel=fictin
feature=characteristics
career=ccupatin
manners=etiquette
gratitude=appreciatin
experiment=trial
persnality=character
stress=pressure
rigin=pineer
circumstance=envirnment=atmsphere
creatin=innvatin
achievement=recgnitin
ptin=chice=selectin
material=resurce
luggage=baggage=package
rule=regulatin=principle
directin=discipline=guideline
clleague=cwrker
essay=passage=article=text
apprach=way=methd=means
高频同义转换（形容词副词类）
delicius=tasty
attentive=fcused
riginal=initial
final=eventual
bvius=evident=Striking
accurate=exact
authentic=true=genuine
thrilling=frightening
thrilled=excited
time-hnred=has a lng histry
dull=bring
daring=brave
extra=additinal
glad=pleased=delighted
tuched=mved
accessible=available=at hand
apprpriate=prper=suitable
appealing=attractive
cmplex=cmplicated
safe=secure
高频同义转换（高频短语类）
ahead f time=in advance=previus
places f interest=turist attractin
result in=lead t=cntribute t
be accustmed t=be used t ding
jin in=take part in=participate in
=invlve in=be engaged in
get ready fr=be prepared fr
fcus n =cncentrate n
transfrm A int B=turn A int B
in the lng term=in the lng run
hld n t=insist
take actin=take measures=take steps t
keep in tuch with=cntact
deal with=cpe with=handle with=address
at the same time=meanwhile
n the spt=n the scene
be prud f=take pride in
head int=leave fr
arrive at=reach=get t=apprach
in spite f=despite
frm ne’s perspective=frm ne’s pint f view
try ding=attempt t
be filled with=be charged with=be full f
run int=cme acrss
take the place f=replace
frm time t time=nce in a while
be caught in=be trapped in
cnsist f =be made up f
fr a mment=fr a while
a cllectin f =a series f
figure ut=find ut
bright up=light up
rll arund=turn up
lecture=deliver a speech
draw ne’s attentin=attract ne’s attentin
be desperate fr=desire fr=be thirsty fr
in favr f=favrable
题型三 数据计算题
要求考生在原文中找到相关的数字信息，再对相关的数字和信息进行分析和理解，利用加、减、乘、除等运算方法进行计算，确定答案。
考例7 (2023•浙江1月卷•A篇) 23题
Explrers Camp
•Full day camp fr kids aged 5-13.
•Mnday-Friday, July 8-26, 9am-4pm.
Week 1 | July 8-12
Week 2 | July 15-19
Week 3 | July 22-26
•Register fr a single week r multiple weeks.
•Fees: $365 per week.
•The last day t cancel registratin and receive a full refund (退款) is June 15.
Camp Structure
The day is divided int tw thematic sessins per age grup. Campers have a three-hur mrning class engaging with a mrning theme (9am t 12 nn) and a ne-hur lunch break, fllwed by anther three-hur class engaging with an afternn theme (1pm t 4pm). Snack perids are held thrughut the day. All campers shuld bring their wn bagged lunch and snacks.
23. Hw many hurs f class will yu have altgether if yu register fr a single week?
A. 15.B. 21.C. 30.D. 42.
23.细节理解题。根据“•Mnday-Friday, July 8-26, 9am-4pm.( 7月8日至26日，星期一至星期五，上午9点至下午4点)”可知，每周安排5天的活动。根据Camp Structure部分中的“Campers have a three-hur mrning class engaging with a mrning theme (9am t 12 nn) and a ne-hur lunch break, fllwed by anther three-hur class engaging with an afternn theme (1pm t 4pm).(露营者有一个三小时的上午课程（上午9点到中午12点）和一个小时的午休时间，然后是另一个三个小时的下午课程（下午1点到下午4点）)”可知，全天有6个小时的课程。5*6=30。由此可知，如果你注册一周，你总共有30小时的课程。故选C。
考例8 (2022•新高考II卷•A篇) 22题
Children’s Discvery Museum
General Infrmatin abut Grup Play
Pricing
Grup Play $7/persn
Schlarships
We ffer schlarships t lw-incme schls and yuth rganizatins, subject t availability. Participatin in a pst-visit survey is required.
Schlarships are fr Grup Play admissin fees and/r transprtatin. Transprtatin invices (发票) must be received within 60 days f yur visit t guarantee the schlarship.
Grup Size
We require ne chaperne (监护人) per ten children. Failure t prvide enugh chapernes will result in an extra charge f $50 per absent adult.
Grup Play is fr grups f 10 r mre with a limit f 35 peple. Fr grups f 35 r mre, please call t discuss ptins.
22. Hw many chapernes are needed fr a grup f 30 children t visit the Museum?
A. One.B. Tw.C. Three.D. Fur.
22. C。细节理解题。根据“Grup Size”标题下“We require ne chaperne (监护人) per ten children.(我们要求每十个孩子有一个监护人)”可知，10个孩子需要1个监护人，那么30个孩子则需要3个监护人。故选C。
考例9 (2022•全国乙卷•A篇) 22题
Admissin
£4. Children under 12 years accmpanied by an adult are admitted free.
Schls and Clleges
A special lw entrance charge f £2 per persn is available t all in full-time educatin, up t and including thse at first degree level, in rganised grups with teachers.
22. Hw much wuld a cuple with tw children under 12 pay fr admissin?
A. £4.B. £8.C. £12.D. £16.
22. B。细节理解题。根据Admissin部分“£4. Children under 12 years accmpanied by an adult are admitted free.(4英镑。12岁以下儿童在一位成人陪同下免费入场。)”可知，一对夫妇应付4+4=8英镑，两个12岁以下的儿童在成人陪同下免费，即入场费为8英镑。故选B。
考例10 (2020•新高考卷•A篇) 21题
POETRY CHALLENGE
Write a pem abut hw curage, determinatin, and strength have helped yu face challenges in yur life.
Prizes
3 Grand Prizes: Trip t Washingtn, D.C. fr each f three winners, a parent and ne ther persn f the winner’s chice. Trip includes rund-trip air tickets, htel stay fr tw nights, and turs f the Natinal Air and Space Museum and the ffice f Natinal Gegraphic Wrld.
21. Hw many peple can each grand prize winner take n the free trip?
A. Tw.B. Three.C. Fur.D. Six.
21. 细节理解题。根据Prizes部分中第一段中的“Trip t Washingtn, D.C. fr each f three winners, a parent and ne ther persn f the winner's chice”可知，每位获奖者都可以带一名家长和另一名由获奖者选择的人员。因此，每位获奖者可以带两个人。故选A。
【高考真题再练】
1 (2023•新高考I卷•A篇)
Bike Rental & Guided Turs
Welcme t Amsterdam, welcme t MacBike. Yu see much mre frm the seat f a bike! Cycling is the mst ecnmical, sustainable and fun way t explre the city, with its beautiful canals, parks, squares and cuntless lights. Yu can als bike alng lvely landscapes utside f Amsterdam.
Why MacBike
MacBike has been arund fr almst 30 years and is the biggest bicycle rental cmpany in Amsterdam. With ver 2,500 bikes stred in ur five rental shps at strategic lcatins, we make sure there is always a bike available fr yu. We ffer the newest bicycles in a wide variety, including basic bikes with ft brake (刹车), bikes with hand brake and gears (排挡), bikes with child seats, and children’s bikes.
Prices
Guided City Turs
The 2.5-hur tur cvers the Gyer Windmill, the Skinny Bridge, the Rijksmuseum, Heineken Brewery and much mre. The tur departs frm Dam Square every hur n the hur, starting at 1:00 pm every day. Yu can buy yur ticket in a MacBike shp r bk nline.
21. What is an advantage f MacBike?
A. It gives children a discunt.B. It f ffers many types f bikes.
C. It rganizes free cycle turs.D. It has ver 2,500 rental shps.
22. Hw much d yu pay fr renting a bike with hand brake and three gears fr tw days?
A. €15.75.B. €19.50.C. €22.75.D. €29.50.
23. Where des the guided city tur start?
A. The Gyer, Windmill.B. The Skinny Bridge.
C. Heineken Brewery.D. Dam Square.
【答案】21. B22. C23. D
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了在阿姆斯特丹进行自行车租赁和雇佣导游的操作方式，价格等细节。
21.推理判断题。根据文章第二段“We ffer the newest bicycles in a wide variety, including basic bikes with ft brake (刹车), bikes with hand brake and gears (排挡), bikes with child seats, and children’s bikes. (我们提供种类繁多的最新自行车，包括有脚刹的基本自行车、有手刹和带排挡的自行车、带儿童座椅的自行车和儿童自行车)”可推知，MacBike的优势是它提供许多类型的自行车。故选B。
22.细节理解题。根据定价表可知，租一辆带手刹和三档的自行车一天需要14.75欧元，额外增加天数每天8欧元。所以租一辆带手刹和三档的自行车两天需要14.75+8=22.75欧元。故选C。
23.细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“The tur departs frm Dam Square every hur n the hur, starting at 1:00 pm every day. (旅游团每小时从大坝广场出发，每天下午1点开始)”可知，导游城市之旅从大坝广场开始。故选D。
2 (2023•新高考II卷•B篇)
Turning sil, pulling weeds, and harvesting cabbage sund like tugh wrk fr middle and high schl kids. And at first it is, says Abby Jaramill, wh with anther teacher started Urban Spruts, a schl garden prgram at fur lw-incme schls. The prgram aims t help students develp science skills, envirnmental awareness, and healthy lifestyles.
Jaramill’s students live in neighbrhds where fresh fd and green space are nt easy t find and fast fd restaurants utnumber grcery stres. “The kids literally cme t schl with bags f snacks and large bttles f sft drinks,” she says. “They cme t us thinking vegetables are awful, dirt is awful, insects are awful.” Thugh sme are initially scared f the insects and turned ff by the dirt, mst are eager t try smething new.
Urban Spruts’ classes, at tw middle schls and tw high schls, include hands-n experiments such as sil testing, flwer-and-seed dissectin, tastings f fresh r dried prduce, and wrk in the garden. Several times a year, students ck the vegetables they grw, and they ccasinally make salads fr their entire schls.
Prgram evaluatins shw that kids eat mre vegetables as a result f the classes. “We have students wh say they went hme and talked t their parents and nw they’re eating differently,” Jaramill says.
She adds that the prgram’s benefits g beynd nutritin. Sme students get s interested in gardening that they bring hme seeds t start their wn vegetable gardens. Besides, wrking in the garden seems t have a calming effect n Jaramill’s special educatin students, many f whm have emtinal cntrl issues. “They get utside,” she says, “and they feel successful.”
24. What d we knw abut Abby Jaramill?
A. She used t be a health wrker.B. She grew up in a lw-incme family.
C. She wns a fast fd restaurant.D. She is an initiatr f Urban Spruts.
25. What was a prblem facing Jaramill at the start f the prgram?
A. The kids’ parents distrusted her.B. Students had little time fr her classes.
C. Sme kids disliked garden wrk.D. There was n space fr schl gardens.
26. Which f the fllwing best describes the impact f the prgram?
A. Far-reaching.B. Predictable.
C. Shrt-lived.D. Unidentifiable.
27. What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A. Rescuing Schl GardensB. Experiencing Cuntry Life
C. Grwing Vegetable LversD. Changing Lcal Landscape
【答案】24. D 25. C 26. A 27. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了Abby Jaramill等老师在低收入学校发起的培养学生科学能力，环保意识以及健康生活方式的Urban Spruts花园项目，让学生通过体验乡村生活，对学生影响深远。
24.细节理解题。根据第一段的“And at first it is, says Abby Jaramill, wh with anther teacher started Urban Spruts, a schl garden prgram at fur lw-incme schls.(起初是这样的，艾比·哈拉米洛说，她和另一位老师在四所低收入学校启动了“Urban Spruts”学校花园项目。)”可知，艾比·哈拉米洛是Urban Spruts的发起者。故选D。
25.推理判断题。根据第二段的“she says. “They cme t us thinking vegetables are awful, dirt is awful, insects are awful.” Thugh sme are initially scared f the insects and turned ff by the dirt, mst are eager t try smething new.(她说。“他们来找我们，认为蔬菜很可怕，泥土很可怕，昆虫也很可怕。”虽然有些人一开始害怕昆虫，对泥土感到厌烦，但大多数人都渴望尝试新的东西。)”可知，项目之初，一些学生不喜欢园艺工作。故选C。
26.推理判断题。根据最后一段“She adds that the prgram’s benefits g beynd nutritin. Sme students get s interested in gardening that they bring hme seeds t start their wn vegetable gardens. Besides, wrking in the garden seems t have a calming effect n Jaramill’s special educatin students, many f whm have emtinal cntrl issues. “They get utside,” she says, “and they feel successful.”(她补充说，该计划的好处不仅仅是营养。有些学生对园艺非常感兴趣，他们带回家种子开始自己的菜园。此外，在花园里工作似乎对Jaramill的特殊教育学生有镇静作用，他们中的许多人都有情绪控制问题。“他们走了出去，”她说，“他们觉得成功。”)”可知，这个项目不仅给学生提供了有营养的食物，而且许多学生回家开创了自己的菜园，对有情绪控制问题的学生也起到了镇静作用，从而推知，该项目的影响是深远的。故选A。
27.主旨大意题。根据第一段的“And at first it is, says Abby Jaramill, wh with anther teacher started Urban Spruts, a schl garden prgram at fur lw-incme schls. The prgram aims t help students develp science skills, envirnmental awareness, and healthy lifestyles.(起初是这样的，艾比·哈拉米洛说，她和另一位老师在四所低收入学校启动了“Urban Spruts”学校花园项目。该项目旨在帮助学生培养科学技能、环保意识和健康的生活方式。)”以及下文内容可知，文章主要讲述了Abby Jaramill等老师在低收入学校发起的培养学生科学能力，环保意识以及健康生活方式的Urban Spruts花园项目，让学生体验乡村生活，对学生影响深远。因此推断B项“体验乡村生活”符合文意，最适合作为本文标题。故选B。
【名校好题强化】
（23·24高三上·江苏·阶段练习）Vlunteer by supprting a lcal animal rescue center in Csta Rica!
If yu like animals and are als interested in preserving the envirnment, yu will be perfect fr this prgram. Yu will be helping ut in and supprting a lcal animal shelter. Nt nly des this shelter take in hmeless animals, but als wild animals which are in bad cnditin.
In additin t the caretaking f the animals, vlunteers help us welcme visitrs at the entrance and answer any questins that visitrs may have abut the shelter r its animals. As vlunteers spend mre days in the shelter, knwledge abut wildlife management will grw.
Requirements
＊Yu need t be at least 15 years ld n the prgram start date at the high schl level r abve.
＊Speaking English is a basic requirement.
＊N restrictins n natinality. Helping hands bth in Csta Rica and beynd are welcme.
＊Yur helping hand will be required frm 09:00 t 15:00 n Mnday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Saturday and Sunday.
Prgram fees
＊Bking payments (15%): The bking payment is simply t reserve yur vlunteer placement. Payment is made by PayPal. Yu can als pay using a credit card.
＊Final payments (85%): Yur final payment will be agreed with Vlunteer Nw Csta Rica during the applicatin prcess.
1. What can a vlunteer d in the rescue center?
A. Cmmunicate with visitrs.B. Get trained t place animals.
C. Give lectures abut animals.D. Search fr hmeless animals.
2. Wh can vlunteer in the prgram?
A. A French-speaking adult.B. A primary schlchild.
C. A cllege student frm America.D. A lcal persn free n Fridays.
3. Hw much shuld a vlunteer pay at least t make a reservatin?
A. $52.5.B. $105.C. $297.5.D. $350.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. A
【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了如何申请支持哥斯达黎加当地动物救援中心的志愿者。
1. 细节理解题。根据第二段“In additin t the caretaking f the animals, vlunteers help us welcme visitrs at the entrance and answer any questins that visitrs may have abut the shelter r its animals.”（除了照顾动物外，志愿者还帮助我们在入口处欢迎游客，并回答游客可能对收容所或动物的任何问题）可知，志愿者在救援中心可以与参观者沟通。故选A项。
2. 推理判断题。根据Requirements中“＊Yu need t be at least 15 years ld n the prgram start date at the high schl level r abve.＊Speaking English is a basic requirement. ＊N restrictins n natinality. Helping hands bth in Csta Rica and beynd are welcme.＊Yur helping hand will be required frm 09:00 t 15:00 n Mnday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Saturday and Sunday.”（*您需要在课程开始日期至少15岁，高中或以上水平。会说英语是基本要求。*国籍不限。欢迎来自哥斯达黎加和其他国家的援助之手。*星期一、二、三、四、六、日的09:00至15:00需要您的帮助）可知，一位来自美国的大学生可以自愿参加这个项目。故选C项。
3. 细节理解题。根据Prgram fees中“1week（minimum stay）$350”以及“Bking payments (15%)”（预订费用(15%)）可知，志愿者至少要付350×15%=52.5美元，才能预约。故选A项。
（23·24高二上·福建泉州·期中）If yu are seeking t unlck the secrets t success, here are fur bks that ffer invaluable wisdm and practical advice t help yu alng yur path.
The 7 Habits f Highly Effective Peple
Stephen R. Cvey’s timeless classic utlines seven fundatinal principles fr persnal and prfessinal success. Frm practive (积极主动的) decisin-making t effective leadership and interpersnal skills, this bk stresses the imprtance f matching persnal values with actins. It serves as a pwerful guide t achieving lng-term success and building meaningful relatinships.
Outliers: The Stry f Success
In the bk, Malclm Gladwell explres the factrs that cntribute t exceptinal success. Thrugh insightful case studies, Gladwell challenges traditinal thughts f talent and hard wrk, stressing the imprtance f pprtunities, cultural backgrunds, and deliberate practice. This thught-prvking bk encurages readers t rethink their appraches t success and shws the imprtance f making use f unique circumstances.
Mindset: The New Psychlgy f Success
In the bk, Carl S. Dweck explres the pwer f mindset and its effect n persnal grwth and achievement. By distinguishing between a “fixed mindset” and a “grwth mindset”, Dweck highlights hw accepting challenges, maintaining resilience, and cultivating a lve fr learning can lead t remarkable success. This bk prvides valuable insights fr transfrming bstacles (障碍) int pprtunities fr grwth.
Principles
Ray Dali’s Principles is a transfrmative guidebk packed with valuable insights. Drawing n his extensive experience in investment management, Dali shares practical wisdm fr success. The bk ffers actinable principles fr decisin-making, prblem-slving, and persnal grwth. By applying these principles, readers can deal with challenges, seize pprtunities, and make a meaningful impact.
4. Which factrs cntributing t success des the secnd bk stress?
A. Talent and hard wrk.B. Creative thinking and teamwrk.
C. Chances and cultural backgrunds.D. Adventurus actin and cnfidence.
5. Whse bk highlights the impact f mentality n individual develpment?
A. Stephen R. Cvey’s.B. Malclm Gladwell’s.
C. Carl S. Dweck’s.D. Ray Dali’s.
6. What is the text?
A. A piece f news f new authrs.B. A recmmendatin n bks.
C. A paper n the secrets t success.D. A text n successfully writing bks.
【答案】4. C 5. C 6. B
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要推荐了四本书以及它们各自的特色。
4. 细节理解题。根据第三段“Thrugh insightful case studies, Gladwell challenges traditinal thughts f talent and hard wrk, stressing the imprtance f pprtunities, cultural backgrunds, and deliberate practice. (通过富有洞察力的案例研究，格拉德威尔挑战了天赋和努力工作的传统观念，强调了机会、文化背景和刻意练习的重要性)”可知，第二本书强调了促成成功的因素是机会和文化背景。故选C。
5. 细节理解题。根据第四段“In the bk, Carl S. Dweck explres the pwer f mindset and its effect n persnal grwth and achievement. (在书中，Carl S. Dweck探讨了心态的力量及其对个人成长和成就的影响)”可知，Carl S. Dweck的书强调了心态对个人发展的影响。故选C。
6. 推理判断题。根据第一段“If yu are seeking t unlck the secrets t success, here are fur bks that ffer invaluable wisdm and practical advice t help yu alng yur path. (如果你正在寻找成功的秘密，这里有四本书，提供宝贵的智慧和实用的建议，帮助你在你的道路上)”结合文章主要推荐了四本书以及它们各自的特色。可推知，文章是一份书籍的推荐。故选B。
（23·24高一上·广东茂名·期中）Each year Canada Chclate Twn, St. Stephen, New Brunswick, celebrates ur cmmunity’s rich and delicius heritage with ur annual Chclate Fest. Nw in its 30th year, this week-lng, family-riented festival is “chc—full” f activities, fun events, and all things chclate—related. Our belved masct, the Great Chclate Musse, and his lvely wife Tiffany, invite yu t jin us this August fr the sweetest festival f the year—Chclate Fest!
Carma Charltte Cunty Cffee Mrning
9：30 a.m. t 12 nn
Lcatin：St. Stephen Twn Square
Cme ut and jin us fr a Starbucks cffee, cup f tea r juice and scrumptius hme—baked gds, many featuring chclate. Spnsred (赞助) by Carma Charltte Cunty and adptin prgrams (收养项目) —caring fr hmeless and feral cats.
Dts Delect Birthday Party
11 a.m. t 2 p.m.
Lcatin：Bys and Girls Club f Charltte Cunty
Wh des St. Stephen lve? Dt Larsen! Please jin us fr chclate cake and chclate milk and help celebrate Dt’s birthday. Cme and play in ur indr/utdr playgrund, have yur face painted and enjy a barbecue, t help raise funds fr the Barracuda Swim Team. Fr details call BGCCC, 466-4300.
Lucy the Lady Bug’s 1st Birthday Party
12 nn t 3 p.m.
Lcatin：Kings brae Garden, St. Andrews
Cme t celebrate with Lucy and her friends fr a picnic n ur frnt lawn (草坪) —bring yur wn picnic r have lunch at ur Garden Cafe. At 2 p.m., jin Lucy and her friends fr an amazing race adventure thrugh the big maze (迷宫), find treasure in the fantasy garden and much, much mre!
Cst：$16/Adult, $12/Students and Senirs, Free/Children 6 and yunger.
7. When is the Dts Delect Birthday Party pen?
A. 9：30 a.m.—12：00 a.m.B. 11：00 a.m.—2：00 p.m.
C. 12：00 a.m.—3：00 p.m.D. 2：00 p.m.—3：00 p.m.
8. Hw much at least shuld a cuple with a by aged 5 pay t jin Lucy the Lady Bugs 1st Birthday Party?
A. $44B. $16C. $28D. $32
9. What’s the purpse f the passage?
A. T intrduce a sprts game.
B. T arrange sme activities.
C. T advertise an annual fest.
D. T prmte a cats brand.
【答案】7. B 8. D 9. C
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了第三十届巧克力节的各个项目。
7. 细节理解题。根据小标题Dts Delect Birthday Party下的“11 a.m. t 2 p.m.(上午十一时至下午二时)”可知，Dts Delect Birthday Party的开放时间为上午十一时至下午二时。故选B项。
8. 细节理解题。根据小标题Lucy the Lady Bug’s 1st Birthday Party下的“Cst：$16/Adult, $12/Students and Senirs, Free/Children 6 and yunger.(费用：$16/成人，$12/学生和老人，免费/ 6岁及以下儿童)”可知，一对夫妇的费用是16x2=32美元，5岁男孩免费，所以总费用是$32。故选D项。
9. 推理判断题。根据第一段“Each year Canada Chclate Twn, St. Stephen, New Brunswick, celebrates ur cmmunity’s rich and delicius heritage with ur annual Chclate Fest. Nw in its 30th year, this week-lng, family-riented festival is “chc—full” f activities, fun events, and all things chclate—related. Our belved masct, the Great Chclate Musse, and his lvely wife Tiffany, invite yu t jin us this August fr the sweetest festival f the year—Chclate Fest!(每年加拿大巧克力小镇，圣斯蒂芬，新不伦瑞克省，庆祝我们社区的丰富和美味的传统，我们的年度巧克力节。今年是第30个节日，这个为期一周、面向家庭的节日“充满了巧克力”的活动、有趣的事件，以及所有与巧克力有关的东西。我们心爱的吉祥物，伟大的巧克力慕斯，和他可爱的妻子蒂芙尼，邀请你加入我们今年八月最甜蜜的节日——巧克力节!)”可推知，本文的目的是为一年一度的节日做广告。故选C项。
（23·24上·济宁·期中）Nature is ne f the greatest surces f inspiratin fr engineers and cmputer scientists t develp new technlgical tls. Over the past decade r s, rbticists have develped cuntless rbts inspired by the behavir and bilgical mechanisms f snakes, fish, birds, insects and cuntless ther animals.
Researchers at Beijing Institute f Technlgy recently designed a new bi-inspired rbt that can maintain its balance using tail-like mechanism. The rbt is made up f a main bdy, tw wheels and the tail-inspired cmpnent, which is cntrlled by an adaptive cntrller that allws it t turn in different directins within an area parallel (平行的) t the rbt’s wheels. The specific patters that are designed t increase the rbt’s stability are calculated using the s-called Lyapunv stability therem, which is a theretical cnstruct that describes the stability f dynamic systems.
Mst existing appraches t balancing vehicles with tw wheels wrk by cllecting a vehicle’s bdy height data using an inertial (惯性的) measurement unit (IMU), which is an electrnic device that can measure a specific frce acting n a bdy r bject. Cnventinal appraches prcess the data cllected by an IMU device and then carry ut balancing strategies accrdingly, typically by adjusting its tilt (倾斜的) angle.
While many f these appraches achieved satisfactry results, the design put frward by this team f researchers intrduces a practical alternative that des nt invlve adjusting the rbt’s tilt angle. It is ne f the few existing techniques that are inspired by the tails f animals, t enhance a wheeled rbt’s balance while cnsidering uncertainty in the envirnment.
The researchers evaluated the effectiveness f the tail-like rbtic mechanism in a series f tests. Their findings were very prmising. as when the rbt lst its balance in the tested envirnment, the artificial “tail” was able t re-balance it within n mre than 3.5 secnds.
In the future, this tail-like mechanism culd be adapted t enhance the stability and balance f ther existing r newly develped rbts. In additin, the findings gathered as part f this study culd inspire ther rbticists t design similar tail-like cmpnents.
10. What’s special abut the new rbt?
A. It is a bi-inspired rbt.
B. It is identical t an insect.
C. Its “tail”prmtes the stability cntrl.
D. Its wheels are used t sustain its balance.
11. Hw are paragraphs 3 and 4 mainly develped?
A. By giving a definitin.B. By setting an example.
C. By analyzing reasns.D. By making cmparisns.
12. What des the underlined wrd “it” in paragraph 5 refer t?
A. The adaptive cntrller.B. The bi-inspired rbt.
C. The tail-like cmpnent.D. The surrunding envirnment.
13. What des the last paragraph fcus n?
A. Reasns fr the research.B. Ptentials f the research.
C. Cmplexities f the research.D. Challenges f the research.
【答案】10. C 11. D 12. B 13. B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了北京理工大学的研究团队开发的一种新的仿生机器人，该机器人可以用尾巴状的机制来保持平衡。
10. 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Researchers at Beijing Institute f Technlgy recently designed a new bi-inspired rbt that can maintain its balance using tail-like mechanism. The rbt is made up f a main bdy, tw wheels and the tail-inspired cmpnent, which is cntrlled by an adaptive cntrller that allws it t turn in different directins within an area parallel (平行的) t the rbt’s wheels.(北京理工大学的研究人员最近设计了一种新的仿生机器人，它可以使用尾巴状的机制来保持平衡。该机器人由一个主体、两个轮子和由自适应控制器控制的尾翼组件组成，该控制器允许它在与机器人轮子平行的区域内向不同方向转动。)”可知，该机器人可以使用尾巴状的机机制来保持平衡。故选C。
11. 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Mst existing appraches t balancing vehicles with tw wheels wrk by cllecting a vehicle’s bdy height data using an inertial (惯性的) measurement unit (IMU), which is an electrnic device that can measure a specific frce acting n a bdy r bject. Cnventinal appraches prcess the data cllected by an IMU device and then carry ut balancing strategies accrdingly, typically by adjusting its tilt (倾斜的) angle.(多数现有的平衡两轮车辆的方法是通过使用惯性测量单元(IMU)收集车辆的车身高度数据，这是一种可以测量作用在身体或物体上的特定力的电子设备。传统的方法是处理IMU设备收集的数据，然后相应地执行平衡策略，通常是通过调整其倾斜角度。)”以及第四段“While many f these appraches achieved satisfactry results, the design put frward by this team f researchers intrduces a practical alternative that des nt invlve adjusting the rbt’s tilt angle. It is ne f the few existing techniques that are inspired by the tails f animals, t enhance a wheeled rbt’s balance while cnsidering uncertainty in the envirnment.(虽然许多方法都取得了令人满意的结果，但该研究小组提出的设计引入了一种实用的替代方案，不需要调整机器人的倾斜角度。这是为数不多的受动物尾巴启发的现有技术之一，可以在考虑环境不确定性的情况下增强轮式机器人的平衡性。)”可知，第三段和第四段将该机器人保持平衡的方法和现有的其他机器人保持平衡的方式进行比较。故选D。
12. 词句猜测题。根据划线单词上文“The researchers evaluated the effectiveness f the tail-like rbtic mechanism in a series f tests. Their findings were very prmising. as when the rbt lst its balance in the tested envirnment(研究人员在一系列测试中评估了这种尾巴状机器人机制的有效性。他们的发现非常有希望。当机器人在测试环境中失去平衡时，)”以及划线单词前的“the artificial “tail” was able t re-balance(人造“尾巴”能够重新平衡……)”可知，划线单词“it”指的是机器人。故选B。
13. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“In the future, this tail-like mechanism culd be adapted t enhance the stability and balance f ther existing r newly develped rbts. In additin, the findings gathered as part f this study culd inspire ther rbticists t design similar tail-like cmpnents.(在未来，这种类似尾巴的机制可以用来增强其他现有或新开发的机器人的稳定性和平衡性。此外，作为这项研究的一部分，收集到的发现可以启发其他机器人专家设计类似的尾巴状部件。)”可知，最后一段主要讲述了该研究未来的可能运用。故选B。
（23·24高三上·福建三明·期中）Visinary architects design buildings which speak fr themselves. Frm twering cncrete pillars t sculptural mdernist dmes (穹顶), the wrk f Balkrishna Vithaldas Dshi defined Indian architecture fr the latter half f the 20th century. Knwn as B. V. Dshi, he was a versatile mdernist architect — he designed everything frm accessible husing prjects t the Indian Institute f Management in Bangalre. Sadly, the great architect died n January 24, 2023, at the age f 95, leaving behind a fascinating legacy.
Brn n August 26, 1927, in Pune, sutheast f Mumbai, Dshi grew up with his father and grandfather, a furniture maker. As a child he came t appreciate hw their huse grew and changed. In 1947, shrtly befre Indian independence, he began architecture schl. Hwever, he never finished, a fact which he’d later pint t in life as an advantage. He married his wife Kamala Parikh in 1955. When she passed away, Dshi lived in a huse he designed and named fr his belved wife.
Dshi was influenced by the famus Swiss-French architect knwn as Le Crbusier. Dshi studied with him in Paris and then returned t India t supervise the architect’s wrk in Ahmedabad. In 1956, Dshi funded his wn firm called Vastushilpa. He traveled the wrld lecturing at universities, wrked with ther famus architects, and even funded the Center fr Envirnmental Planning and Technlgy (nw CEPT University) fcusing n understanding, designing, planning, cnstructing and managing human habitats.
“We did nt want t imitate smene else’s apprach,” he tld the Luisiana Museum f Mdern Art in 2018. “We wanted t find ur wn identity.” He drew frm his pride in Indian culture t create a style distinct frm Western designs. “I think f my buildings as my friends, my family,” he said. “I have a cnversatin with them, and that’s hw I create niches and staircases and penings and gardens…my buildings are nt nly pure and clear but designed t anticipate changes.”
Aside frm his mdern wrks, Dshi was devted t creating wrks t benefit the pr. He designed the Aranya Lw Cst Husing Prject in Indre. The phtgrapher Iwan Baan, wh phtgraphed sme f Dshi’s wrks, described the artist as “the mst apprachable architect I knw. Even very pr peple in his public husing prjects knew him, which is exceptinal.”
14. Which f the fllwing can replace the underlined wrd “versatile” in paragraph 1?
A. ppularB. mdestC. frward-lkingD. well-runded
15. What d we knw abut Dshi’s life?
A. He had a miserable childhd.
B. He regretted leaving schl early.
C. He made a cntributin t higher educatin in architecture.
D. He set up his cmpany under the guidance f Le Crbusier.
16. What des the authr want t illustrate by quting Dshi’s wrds?
A. The public supprt fr Dshi.
B. The riginality f Dshi’s wrks.
C. Dshi’s pen mind n Indian culture.
D. Dshi’s lve f architectural design.
17. What is the purpse f the text?
A. T define India’s mdern architecture.
B. T encurage peple t visit Dshi’s wrks.
C. T advertise Dshi’s architectural philsphy.
D. T give a brief accunt f India’s great architect Dshi.
【答案】14. D 15. C 16. B 17. D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了印度建筑大师巴克里希纳·多西。
14. 词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“he designed everything frm accessible husing prjects t the Indian Institute f Management in Bangalre(从无障碍住房项目到班加罗尔的印度管理学院，他的设计可谓无所不包)”可知，巴克里希纳·多西可以设计普通民用住宅，也可以设计大型学院建筑，所有它是全能现代主义建筑师。由此可知，画线词可与D项well-runded“全能的”互换。故选D。
15. 细节理解题。根据第三段的“He traveled the wrld lecturing at universities, wrked with ther famus architects, and even funded the Center fr Envirnmental Planning and Technlgy (nw CEPT University) fcusing n understanding, designing, planning, cnstructing and managing human habitats.(他在世界各地的大学演讲，与其他著名建筑师合作，甚至成立了环境规划与技术中心（现为CEPT大学），专注于理解、设计、规划、建造和管理人类栖息地)”可知，巴克里希纳·多西环球游学传道建筑学知识，创办了 CEPT大学的前身the Center fr Envirnmental Planning an Technlgy。由此可知，他对高等建筑教育做出了贡献。故选C。
16. 推理判断题。根据第四段中的““We did nt want t imitate smene else’s apprach,” he tld the Luisiana Museum f Mdern Art in 2018. “We wanted t find ur wn identity. ” He drew frm his pride in Indian culture t create a style distinct frm Western designs.(‘我们不想模仿别人的方法，’他在2018年对路易斯安那现代艺术博物馆说。‘我们想找到自己的身份。’他从对印度文化的自豪感中汲取灵感，创造了一种与西方设计截然不同的风格。)”和“my buildings are nt nly pure and clear but designed t anticipate changes.(我的建筑不仅纯净、清晰，而且能预见变化)”可推知，巴克里希纳·多西在言辞中强调了其建筑的独创性，他不去追随和模仿别人，而是追寻独创。故选B。
17. 推理判断题。根据全文内容可知，本文高度赞扬了巴克里希纳·多西的成就，概述了他的生平。故选D。
（23·24上·惠州·期中）The input Dad has n my career is incmparable. My earliest memries are f Dad sitting in the kitchen playing the guitar, listening t his favurite sng by his favurite singer, and encuraging his little girl t pke (戳) keys randmly n the pian. Even watching Tp f the Pps, he wuld get s passinate abut music in it. We weren’t a religius family, but there was smething spiritual abut Dad’s cnnectin with music.
Music als became a surce f cmfrt fr me. I failed t d well academically at schl and had n friends. Being at schl cnsumed s much f my emtinal energy. Instead f ging t schl t learn stuff, I felt as thugh I was simply trying t get peple t like me. Things were better, but the nly time I truly felt happy was when I was at hme listening t music with Mum and Dad r writing sngs n the pian —and the lder I gt, the mre pwerful music felt.
Dad was always my biggest supprter. When I started giving live perfrmances at the lcal bar, he was the ne wh drve me there and back. Freeing up that time wasn’t easy fr an actr. His jb might mean three weeks in the Czech Republic r wrking with Gerge Lucas n The Adventures f Yung Indiana Jnes in Hllywd.
Dad has been invlved with sme amazing stuff, but Daddy Pig is the ne that’s had the biggest impact all ver the wrld. When I was flying t Australia fr my first tur, I was trying t find smething t watch n the little screen and I nticed they had Peppa Pig. If I’m missing hme and family, I always put it n. Daddy Pig is a fairly real versin f my dad —he lves chclate cake, he’s funny and usually breaks things when he’s trying t mend them. Mum and Dad were friends with ne f the prducers f the shw and I ften wnder if he lked at my dad and thught, “That’s him …that’s Daddy Pig.”
18. What can we learn abut the authr’s father?
A. He was gd at writing sngs.
B. He was attached t music in his sul.
C. He encuraged her t play the guitar.
D. He was passinate abut watching TV series.
19. Hw did the authr’s father supprt her career?
A. By picking her up in a tight schedule.
B. By ding a demanding jb as an actr.
C. By watching her musical perfrmances.
D. By giving live perfrmances at the lcal bar.
20. Why did the authr mentin Peppa Pig?
A. It’s her favurite childhd cartn.
B. She saw her father thrugh Daddy Pig.
C. She tk pride in this wrld famus cartn.
D. It’s a cartn abut her hmetwn and mtherland.
21. Which f the fllwing can best describe the authr’s Dad?
A. Funny and hnest.B. Strict and hardwrking.
C. Famus and patient.D. Supprtive and influential.
【答案】18. B 19. A 20. B 21. D
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了作者在父亲的熏陶下，对音乐的热爱，以及音乐也成了作者的慰藉。
18. 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“My earliest memries are f Dad sitting in the kitchen playing the guitar, listening t his favurite sng by his favurite singer, and encuraging his little girl t pke (戳) keys randmly n the pian. Even watching Tp f the Pps, he wuld get s passinate abut music in it. We weren’t a religius family, but there was smething spiritual abut Dad’s cnnectin with music. (我最早的记忆是爸爸坐在厨房弹吉他，听他最喜欢的歌手唱他最爱的歌，鼓励他的小女儿戳钢琴上随意弹奏的键。即使看《流行音乐之巅》，他也会对其中的音乐充满热情。我们不是一个宗教家庭，但父亲与音乐的联系有一些精神上的东西。)”可知，在作者记忆里，父亲是一个对音乐充满激情的人，他与音乐有着一些精神上的联系，故选B。
19. 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Dad was always my biggest supprter. When I started giving live perfrmances at the lcal bar, he was the ne wh drve me there and back. (父亲总是我最大的支持者。当我开始在当地酒吧进行现场表演时，他开车送我接送我。)”可知，在作者在当地酒吧演出时，作者的父亲接送他，故选A。
20. 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“If I’m missing hme and family, I always put it n. Daddy Pig is a fairly real versin f my dad —he lves chclate cake, he’s funny and usually breaks things when he’s trying t mend them. (如果我想家了，我就会放这部动画片。猪爸爸是我爸爸的真实版——他喜欢巧克力蛋糕，他很有趣，通常在修补时会把东西弄坏。)”可知，作者提到《小猪佩奇》里的爸爸是因为作者在想家时，看到猪爸爸就像是看到了自己的爸爸，因为猪爸爸是她爸爸的真实版，故选B。
21. 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Dad was always my biggest supprter. (父亲总是我最大的支持者。)”和文章第二段“Things were better, but the nly time I truly felt happy was when I was at hme listening t music with Mum and Dad r writing sngs n the pian —and the lder I gt, the mre pwerful music felt. (情况好多了，但我唯一真正感到快乐的时候是在家里和爸爸妈妈一起听音乐或在钢琴上写歌——我年级越大，音乐就越有力量。)”可推知，父亲是作者最大的支持者，故父亲是支持的；父亲喜欢音乐，作者真正感到快乐的时候就说在家里和爸妈一起听音乐，故作者喜欢音乐是受父亲的熏陶，故父亲是有影响力的，故选D。
（2023·江苏·模拟预测）On an extremely cld December night, fire trucks arrived in the sleepy little twn f Mantn, Michigan and sht t Chittle’s hme. Was it because f a fire r a child climbing t high t a dangerus place? Rather, it was fr helping make a dream cme true.
Outdr activities and a slw pace f life are a mainstay in this rural twn. When peple were unable t leave the cmmunity, Sctt Chittle decided they needed a safe place t cme tgether and smething jyful during the winter mnths. And what is a better utdr activity t get peple utside than ice skating?
T fulfil his dream, Chittle dwnladed instructins n hw t build an ice rink and then rdered a 3,000 square ft waterprf clth and sme wd t create walls nline. It tk 12 fire trucks t get enugh water t fill the plt.
It tk a little time and sme neighbrly persuasin as Chittle went dr t dr t cnvince peple t cme t see his creatin, and sn Chittle’s backyard ice rink became a Mantn ht spt. Children were skating and shting, a fire was burning, and ht chclate was steaming in t-g cups. “When things were tugh, it was a place,” says Chittle’s neighbr Audrey Hker. “It was fantastic because we just came tgether and became calm and happy instead f cncerned.”
But the gdwill didn’t stp with Chittle. When the cmmunity heard hw much mney he used t make this prject happen, everyne stepped frward. A fundraiser brught in abut $1,300, and letters flded t Chittle’s hme stuffed with cash. “Almst 30 cmplete strangers kncked n my dr t just shake my hand and say thank yu, mst f them handing me mney as well and three asking fr a hug,” says Chittle. “This has been a cmmunity thing. It’s mre than me. I want t shw the rest f the wrld what a little effrt and the best intentins can d.”
22. Why did fire trucks cme t Mantn?
A. T deal with an emergency.B. T send water t the cmmunity.
C. T ensure peple’s safety in the twn.D. T help with Chittle building the ice rink.
23. What did Chittle d t carry ut his prject?
A. Persuade his neighbrs t make dnatins.B. Purchase a piece f land behind his huse.
C. Turn t the Internet fr tips and materials.D. Research the ppular lifestyles in Mantn.
24. Hw did the ice rink affect the cmmunity?
A. It made the cmmunity ppular in Mantan.B. It slwed dwn the pace f the residents’ life.
C. It ffered peple there cmfrt and cmpany.D. It inspired the residents t d utdr activities.
25. What des the underlined sentence in the last paragraph mean?
A. Everyne culd make a difference t sciety.B. Chittle received acts f kindness frm thers.
C. The cmmunity gt better due t the ice rink.D. Chittle had gdwill t the whle cmmunity.
【答案】22. D 23. C 24. C 25. B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了由于活动限制，Sct Chittle在社区建造了溜冰场，以供社区居民进行户外活动。
22. 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“On an extremely cld December night, fire trucks arrived in the sleepy little twn f Mantn, Michigan and sht t Chittle’s hme.(在12月的一个寒冷的晚上，消防车到达了密歇根州沉睡的曼顿小镇，冲向了Chittle的家)”、第二段“And what is a better utdr activity t get peple utside than ice skating?(还有什么比滑冰更能让人们出门的户外活动呢)”和第三段“It tk 12 fire trucks t get enugh water t fill the plt.(12辆消防车才运来足够的水)”可知，在12月的一个晚上，消防车赶往Mantn，是为了帮助Chittle修建溜冰场。故选D。
23. 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“T fulfil his dream, Chittle dwnladed instructins n hw t build an ice rink and then rdered a 3,000 square ft waterprf clth and sme wd t create walls nline.(为了实现他的梦想，Chittle下载了如何建造溜冰场的说明，然后在网上订购了3000平方英尺的防水布和一些木头来建造墙壁)”可知，为了实现建溜冰场这一梦想，Chittle在网上下载了建造教程并购买了所需材料。故选C。
24. 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段““When things were tugh, it was a place,” says Chittle’s neighbr Audrey Hker. “It was fantastic because we just came tgether and became calm and happy instead f cncerned.”(Chittle的邻居Audrey Hker说道：“当情况艰难时，是这个地方，它太棒了，因为我们聚在一起，变得平静和快乐，而不是担心。”)”可知，在形势艰难的时候，Chittle建的溜冰场成了一个让人们可以聚在一起，感到平静和快乐，而不是担心的地方。由此可推断，Chittle建的溜冰场带给社区居民慰藉和陪伴。故选C。
25. 词句猜测题。结合上文提到的Chittle为社区建溜冰场和划线句的后文内容“When the cmmunity heard hw much mney he used t make this prject happen, everyne stepped frward. A fundraiser brught in abut $1,300, and letters flded t Chittle’s hme stuffed with cash.(当社区听说他花了多少钱来实现这个项目时，每个人都挺身而出。一场筹款活动带来了大约1300美元的收入，人们给Chittle家里寄去了装满现金的信件)”可知，划线部分表示善意并没有在Chittle这里终止，同时Chittle也收到其他人的善意。故选B。
（23·24高二上·湖北咸宁·阶段练习）I arrived hme frm wrk, my mind racing. I was scheduled t perfrm an experiment using a pricey piece f equipment, but I had spent the whle day wrrying abut the experiment which was n the tp f my agenda, and I amazingly lnged t shut ff my anxius thughts. S after dinner, I made a cup f ht chclate, stretched myself n my sfa, and pened a page. Almst instantly, my mind left behind the details f experimental design and stepped int a land f mnsters, magic dust, and man-like bears cmprising a wnderful wrld distinct frm my daily life. It was exactly what I needed.
Grwing up, I was virtually never a big fan f nvels. My classmates wuld be crazy abut the latest Harry Ptter bk, while my cpy sat cllecting dust n a shelf. Instead, I wuld chse t read thrugh the reference bks related t my disciplines fr better grades. After I started graduate schl, extracurricular reading didn’t appeal t me at all but I spent mst f my time n campus digesting research papers and textbks and my mind culdn’t handle prcessing fact-filled nnfictin bks at hme, t. S I knew that I needed t find a way t enjy reading again.
T help me stick with it, I made a New Year’s reslutin: I wuld read tw fictin bks per mnth fr the entire year. The result was an almst instant appreciatin f fictin, alng with many unexpected results including nes that have benefited my schlwrk.
What surprised me the mst was hw much I learned. Sme f the best bks I read were histrical fictinal stries happening in a realistic histrical setting. I learned abut life in different cuntries, as well as struggles peple there faced during difficult perids in their histries. The bks have helped me build sympathy and understanding, with an unexpected benefit: I’ve started t think mre deeply abut the diversity f issues in the scientific cmmunity and culd serve it, heart and sul.
26. What did the authr d t wipe ut the anxiety?
A. He drwned it in chclate.B. He cnducted an experiment.
C. He slept n the sfa leisurely.D. He escaped int a fantasy wrld.
27. What des the authr mean by the underlined part in paragraph 2?
A. Reading nvels was a waste f time.
B. Reading a gd bk was time well spent.
C. He was t busy t take gd care f his bks.
D. The Harry Ptter bk wasn’t as gd as expected.
28. Hw did the New Year ’s reslutin benefit the authr?
A. Mre sympathy went ut t him.
B. His mral values were strengthened.
C. He learned much abut religius diversity.
D. He gained new insight int his academic discipline.
29. What’s the best title f the text?
A. Reading: A Lifelng HbbyB. The Pwer f Research Papers
C. Nvels: Lve at Secnd SightD. The Benefits f Histry Reading
【答案】26. D 27. A 28. D 29. C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述的是作者的阅读之旅，随着作者对阅读的投入，作者也真正爱上了阅读。
26. 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“S after dinner, I made a cup f ht chclate, stretched myself n my sfa, and pened a page. Almst instantly, my mind left behind the details f experimental design and stepped int a land f mnsters, magic dust, and man-like bears cmprising a wnderful wrld distinct frm my daily life. It was exactly what I needed.(晚饭后，我泡了一杯热巧克力，躺在沙发上伸伸懒腰，打开了一页书。顷刻之间，我的思绪离开了实验设计的细节，进入了一个充满怪物、魔尘和像人一样的熊的世界，这是一个与我日常生活截然不同的奇妙世界。这正是我所需要的)”可知，作者消除自己焦虑的方法就是打开一本书，沉浸到一个幻想的世界之中。故选D。
27. 词句猜测题。根据划线句子下一句“Instead, I wuld chse t read thrugh the reference bks related t my disciplines fr better grades.(相反，我会选择阅读与我的学科相关的参考书，以获得更好的成绩)”可知，作者不是不阅读，而是只会阅读与自己学科相关的参考书。由此可知，作者是觉得阅读诸如《哈利波特》这样的小说浪费时间。故选A。
28. 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“The bks have helped me build sympathy and understanding, with an unexpected benefit: I’ve started t think mre deeply abut the diversity f issues in the scientific cmmunity and culd serve it, heart and sul.(这些书帮助我建立了同情和理解，带来了一个意想不到的好处：我开始更深入地思考科学界问题的多样性，并可以全心全意地为之服务)”可推知，作者所阅读的书让他对自己的学科有了新的见解和看法。故选D。
29. 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段和第二段可知，作者只会阅读和自己学科相关的书籍，希望自己能取得更好的成绩。根据文章第三段“T help me stick with it, I made a New Year’s reslutin: I wuld read tw fictin bks per mnth fr the entire year. The result was an almst instant appreciatin f fictin, alng with many unexpected results including nes that have benefited my schlwrk.(为了帮助我坚持下去，我制定了一个新年计划：一整年每个月读两本小说。结果是，我几乎立刻就对小说产生了欣赏，还有许多意想不到的结果，包括一些对我的学业有益的结果)”可知，作者开始阅读小说之后有了许多意想不到的结果。由此可知，Nvels: Lve at Secnd Sight(小说：一见钟情)适合作本文最佳标题。故选C。
（23·24高三上·湖南常德·阶段练习）An educatr with a passin fr getting children emtinally invested in saving the ice caps gave a lessn t students as a plar bear stayed n his shulder. The bear seemed t say “hi” t them abut climate change.
Gavin McCrmack is trying t bring the “amazing natural phenmena” t the fingertips f children in an attempt t get them t help stp rising sea levels and becme passinate abut climate change, which is threatening the hme f plar bears.
The primary schl teacher decided t jump headfirst int his teachings and spent ten days n an icebreaker heading twards the Nrth Ple. On the first day at sea, a plar bear climbed ut f the water right in frnt f him and nt an island where it was attacked by a grup f Arctic terns (北极燕鸥).
“Each day is different but s interesting,” McCrmack said. “This week, my dream t teach children abut the wnder f a plar bear with ne right ver my shulder came true.”
The mst memrable mment fr him while in the Arctic was when his ship reached the pack ice. The ship crunched (嘎吱地响) thrugh the ice as they reached 82 degrees nrth and the nise was deafening. Earlier this week he launched his new curse “Be the Change”, which is free t all schls natinwide. “Be the Change” is designed t empwer children, families and cmmunities arund the wrld t bring abut changes and make glbal impacts. “It takes a curse-related apprach t imprve the wrld in meaningful ways,” Mr. McCrmack said.
McCrmack hpes t teach the “leaders f tmrrw” t include nature and the climate in every decisin they make. He is planning anther curse named “It Starts With Yu”, with the hpes f bringing purpseful educatin t as many children as pssible.
“Wrking alngside teachers, schls and students, we believe that when children are empwered t make real chices abut the future, the skills fr life are develped nt thrugh listening t what thers tell them, but thrugh experience,” McCrmack said.
30. Why did McCrmack head t the Nrth Ple?
A. T bserve an amazing natural sight.
B. T measure the rate f sea level rise.
C. T save plar bears frm extinctin.
D. T educate children in a real situatin.
31. What can we learn abut plar bears accrding t the text?
A. They are friendly twards human beings.
B. Climate change causes the lss f their habitats.
C. Arctic terns are their natural enemies.
D. Hunger drives them ut f water fr fd.
32. What des “Be the Change” aim t d?
A. T make a difference in imprving the wrld.
B. T change peple’s decisin-making methds.
C. T teach students t think twice befre making chices.
D. T develp students’ life skills thrugh experience.
33. Which f the fllwing culd be the best title fr the text?
A. Climate Change — A Wrldwide Cncern
B. New Ways f Teaching Abut Climate Change
C. Jin Hands and Say N t Glbal Warming
D. An Interesting Trip t the Nrth Ple
【答案】30. D 31. B 32. A 33. B
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了一位教育者通过让孩子们接触真实的自然环境和动物，来激发他们对保护环境和应对气候变化的热情。
30. 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Gavin McCrmack is trying t bring the “amazing natural phenmena” t the fingertips f children in an attempt t get them t help stp rising sea levels and becme passinate abut climate change, which is threatening the hme f plar bears.(Gavin McCrmack正试图把“神奇的自然现象”带到孩子们的指尖，试图让他们帮助阻止海平面上升，并对气候变化充满热情，气候变化正威胁着北极熊的家园。)”可知，McCrmack希望通过在北极的教学，让孩子们能够亲身体验到气候变化的影响，从而更好地理解这个全球性的问题。因此，他前往北极是为了在真实的环境中教育孩子们。故选D。
31. 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Gavin McCrmack is trying t bring the “amazing natural phenmena” t the fingertips f children in an attempt t get them t help stp rising sea levels and becme passinate abut climate change, which is threatening the hme f plar bears.(Gavin McCrmack正试图把“神奇的自然现象”带到孩子们的指尖，试图让他们帮助阻止海平面上升，并对气候变化充满热情，气候变化正威胁着北极熊的家园。)”可知，气候变化正威胁着北极熊的家园。故选B。
32. 细节理解题。根据文章第五段“Earlier this week he launched his new curse “Be the Change”, which is free t all schls natinwide. “Be the Change” is designed t empwer children, families and cmmunities arund the wrld t bring abut changes and make glbal impacts.(本周早些时候，他开设了一门名为“Be the Change”的新课程，对全国所有学校免费开放。“Be the Change”旨在赋予世界各地的儿童、家庭和社区带来改变并产生全球影响的能力。)”可知，“Be the Change”的目的是给世界各地的儿童、家庭和社区带来改变并产生全球影响。故选A。
33. 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“An educatr with a passin fr getting children emtinally invested in saving the ice caps gave a lessn t students as a plar bear stayed n his shulder. The bear seemed t say “hi” t them abut climate change.(一位热衷于让孩子们投入到拯救冰盖的教育工作者给学生们上了一堂课，一只北极熊站在他的肩膀上。熊似乎对他们说讲述了关于气候变化。)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了教育者McCrmack通过自己的行动和课程，向孩子们传授有关自然和环境的知识，并鼓励他们成为改变世界的领导者，也就是文章主要讲述了气候变化教学的新方法。故选B。
（23·24高三上·江苏徐州·期中）The best advertisement fr public transprtatin is seeing a bus whsh past lines f cars stuck in traffic. When transit is cnvenient, cmfrtable, affrdable and faster than driving, the service practically sells itself. That’s why a recent bus-lane bm in Ls Angeles is s welcme.
Since 2019, Metr and the city’s Department f Transprtatin have rlled ut nine new segments (路段) fr a ttal f 40 miles f bus lanes n sme f the mst crwded streets with high bus ridership, such as La Brea Avenue, Venice Bulevard and Alvarad Street. The gal is t have 100 miles in place befre the 2028 Olympics.
The result has been faster, mre reliable service fr passengers—and fr drivers stuck in traffic, maybe even a little bus envy. Better bus service is essential t get peple t jbs, schls and pprtunities, and t entice drivers ut f cars t help reduce planet warming emissins.
Great transfrmatin has taken place since. Transit advcates have pressed Metr and elected fficials t stp treating bus riders as an afterthught. Frmer Cuncilmember Mike Bnin, wh als sat n Metr’s gverning bard, pushed fr the creatin f the Bus Speed and Reliability Wrking Grup. With a clear gal—t speed up the buses—and a mandate (授权) frm plitical leaders, staff at the tw agencies were able t cut thrugh bureaucratic barriers that ften stymie (阻碍) public wrks prjects.
Bus Rapid Transit, r busways, with dedicated lanes and special stps, have faced resistance frm sme residents and business wners, wh wrry abut lsing car lanes r parking. The cmprmise is that mst bus riders get the benefit f bus lanes nly during rush hurs, frm 7 t 10 a. m. and 4 t 7 p. m. These rush-hur lanes will demnstrate the benefits f giving peple fast, cnvenient bus service, s L. A. ‘s plitical leaders will whleheartedly supprt mre dedicated busways and even 24-hur bus lanes.
34. What have Metr and the city’s Department f Transprtatin dne?
A. Making preparatins fr the 2028 Olympics.
B. Demanding the buses t run 40 miles per hur.
C. Arranging special bus lanes during rush hurs.
D. Calling n citizens t take public transprtatin.
35. What des the underlined wrd “entice” in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Attract.B. Order.C. Frce.D. Beg.
36. What led t the transfrmatin?
A. Plitics.B. Public awareness.C. Ecnmy.D. Marketing management.
37. What des the last paragraph imply?
A. Sme residents resist busways.B. Mre car lanes r parking will be lst.
C. Business wners cnflict with bus riders.D. Public transprtatin may get mre supprt.
【答案】34. C 35. A 36. A 37. D
【导语】本文是篇新闻报道。它介绍了洛杉矶公交车专用道的最新扩建情况，强调了改善公交服务对乘客和驾驶员都带来的好处。
34. 细节理解题。根据第二段“Since 2019, Metr and the city’s Department f Transprtatin have rlled ut nine new segments (路段) fr a ttal f 40 miles f bus lanes n sme f the mst crwded streets with high bus ridership, such as La Brea Avenue, Venice Bulevard and Alvarad Street.(自2019年以来，地铁和城市交通部在拉布雷亚大道(La Brea Avenue)、威尼斯大道(Venice Bulevard)和阿尔瓦拉多街(Alvarad Street)等一些最拥挤、公交客流量最高的街道上推出了9个新路段，共计40英里的公交车道)”可知，地铁和城市交通部在交通高峰时段安排公共汽车专用车道。故选C项。
35. 词句猜测题。根据前文“The result has been faster, mre reliable service fr passengers—and fr drivers stuck in traffic, maybe even a little bus envy.(其结果是为乘客提供了更快、更可靠的服务，同时也为那些被堵在路上的司机带来了些许嫉妒)”以及“help reduce planet warming emissins.”（有助于减少全球变暖排放。）可知，引起那些被堵在路上的司机的嫉妒，从而吸引他们放弃开车，推知entice意为“诱使”之意，和A项意思相近。故选A项。
36. 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Great transfrmatin has taken place since. Transit advcates have pressed Metr and elected fficials t stp treating bus riders as an afterthught. Frmer Cuncilmember Mike Bnin, wh als sat n Metr’s gverning bard, pushed fr the creatin f the Bus Speed and Reliability Wrking Grup. With a clear gal—t speed up the buses—and a mandate (授权) frm plitical leaders, staff at the tw agencies were able t cut thrugh bureaucratic barriers that ften stymie (阻碍) public wrks prjects.(从那以后发生了巨大的变化。公交倡导者向地铁和民选官员施压，要求他们不要再把公交乘客当作事后才想到的人。前市议员迈克·博宁也是地铁管理委员会的成员，他推动成立了公交速度和可靠性工作组。有了一个明确的目标——加快公共汽车的速度——和来自政治领导人的授权，这两个机构的工作人员能够突破经常阻碍公共工程项目的官僚主义障碍)”可知，是政治导致了这个转变。故选A项。
37. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Bus Rapid Transit, r busways, with dedicated lanes and special stps, have faced resistance frm sme residents and business wners, wh wrry abut lsing car lanes r parking. The cmprmise is that mst bus riders get the benefit f bus lanes nly during rush hurs, frm 7 t 10 a. m. and 4 t 7 p. m. These rush-hur lanes will demnstrate the benefits f giving peple fast, cnvenient bus service, s L. A. ‘s plitical leaders will whleheartedly supprt mre dedicated busways and even 24-hur bus lanes.(拥有专用车道和特殊停靠站的快速公交遭到了一些居民和企业主的抵制，他们担心会失去车道或停车位。折衷方案是，大多数公交乘客只有在早上7点到10点和下午4点到7点的高峰时段才能享受到公交专用道的好处。这些高峰时段的专用道将展示为人们提供快速、方便的公交服务的好处，因此洛杉矶的政治领导人将全心全意地支持更多专用公交专用道，甚至24小时公交专用道)”可知，本段讲述了洛杉矶的政治领导人将全心全意地支持更多专用公交专用道，甚至24小时公交专用道，所以是暗示了公共交通可能会得到更多支持。故选D项。
（2023·重庆梁平·一模）Since we are vulnerable (脆弱的) when we sleep, sleep must play a critical rle, r evlutin wuldn’t have selected fr it. Early humans had t hunt, gather fd and prtect themselves. Thse activities cnsumed much time, s unless sleep served very imprtant purpses, thse wh slept less wuld have an advantage. Yet sleeping fr lng hurs f the night was kept fr years, but scientists had nly general ideas abut what happened during sleep. Recently, Dr. Chiara Chiarelli, a neurscientist, shared what sleep neurscience research has discvered.
Neural (神经的) netwrks in the brain are cnnected thrugh synapses (神经突触) which allw signals t flw thrughut the brain and nt cells. During waking hurs, new learning can strengthen the cnnectins. Yu can think f knwledge acquired ver a lng time as a grup f well-cnnected neural paths. When yu learn smething new, new paths are cnnected t the ld. During the waking hurs, yur brain prcesses massive amunts f new insignificant infrmatin, say remembering where yu parked yur car. But that memry has t be preserved at least until yu reach the car. It establishes a new cnnectin t yur memry f what yur car lks like, a well-established “ld” memry. The brain creates s many cnnectins daily that particular circuits can be heavily burdened.
Dr. Cirelli explained that during sleep, a great many synaptic cnnectins are weakened s that cnnectins are mre available fr new learning the next day. Cntinuing with the parked car example, the exact lcatin f the parked car is nt needed again, s the cnnectins are weakened. In fact, if it were nt, yu might memrize hundreds f places where yu have parked, leading t cnsiderable cnfusin!
Yu dn’t have t be a scientist t understand that nt sleeping well affects next day functining — this is cmmn cultural wisdm. Dr. Cirelli’s research is an example f science shwing the “why” and “hw” mechanisms that underlie that wisdm.
38. What des the example f early humans shw?
A. Sleep wasn’t as imprtant as it is tday.
B. Our ancestrs had a hard time surviving.
C. Sleep is significant in the histry f humans.
D. Whever sleeps less enjys mre advantages.
39. What message des the authr seem t cnvey in paragraph 2?
A. Our memry can be kept ver a lng perid f time.
B. Our brain can be verladed with synaptic cnnectins.
C. Our brain’s neural netwrk is cnnected thrugh synapses.
D. Our new learning is based n well-established ld memries
40. What has Dr. Cirelli’s research discvered?
A. Sleep relieves synaptic burden.B. Sleep carries cultural wisdm.
C. Sleep bradens neural paths.D. Sleep stimulates brain develpment.
41. What’s the authr’s attitude t Dr. Cirelli’s research?
A. DubtfulB. Unclear
C. Dismissive (鄙视的)D. Apprving
【答案】38. C 39. B 40. A 41. D
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍的是最近，神经科学家Chiara Chiarelli博士分享的睡眠神经科学研究方面的发现。
38. 推理判断题。根据第一段“Since we are vulnerable (脆弱的) when we sleep, sleep must play a critical rle, r evlutin wuldn’t have selected fr it. Early humans had t hunt, gather fd and prtect themselves. Thse activities cnsumed much time, s unless sleep served very imprtant purpses, thse wh slept less wuld have an advantage.(因为我们在睡觉的时候是脆弱的，所以睡眠一定起着至关重要的作用，否则进化不会选择它。早期人类必须狩猎、采集食物并保护自己。这些活动消耗了大量时间，所以除非睡眠有非常重要的目的，否则睡眠较少的人会有优势。)”可知，早期人类的例子说明了睡眠在人类历史上占有重要地位。故选C。
39. 推理判断题。根据第二段“Neural (神经的) netwrks in the brain are cnnected thrugh synapses (神经突触) which allw signals t flw thrughut the brain and nt cells.(大脑中的神经网络是通过突触连接起来的，突触允许信号在大脑中流动并进入细胞。)”和“The brain creates s many cnnectins daily that particular circuits can be heavily burdened.(大脑每天产生如此多的连接，以至于特定的电路可能会负担过重。)”可知，作者在第2段似乎传达的信息是我们的大脑会因为突触连接而超载。故选B。
40. 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Dr. Cirelli explained that during sleep, a great many synaptic cnnectins are weakened s that cnnectins are mre available fr new learning the next day.(Dr. Cirelli解释说，在睡眠期间，大量的突触连接被削弱，以便第二天更容易获得新的学习信息。)”可知，Dr. Cirelli的研究发现睡眠减轻突触负担。故选A。
41. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Dr. Cirelli’s research is an example f science shwing the “why” and “hw” mechanisms that underlie that wisdm.(Dr. Cirelli的研究是一个科学的例子，它展示了这种智慧背后的“为什么”和“如何”机制。)”可知，作者对Dr. Cirelli的研究的态度是赞许的，故选D。
（23·24高三上·江苏徐州·期中）Nuclear energy is ne f the cleanest pwer n earth. It is cleaner than any energy surce except wind. But that desn’t necessarily mean nuclear is the lng-term slutin fr the wrld because nuclear material is perhaps the mst pisnus matter n earth. In additin, uranium, the element mst cmmnly used in nuclear reactrs, is nt in limitless supply. But the biggest prblem is nuclear waste.
Hw can we deal with nuclear waste? The answer is simple—put them smewhere where they can stay, undisturbed, islated, frever. Finland is building just that. This regin is largely lacking in natural disasters. It really desn’t encunter any natural phenmenn that culd damage a nuclear waste strage site, especially if it’s 1, 500 feet undergrund. Beneath an island n the Finnish Baltic Sea cast, the cuntry is digging. They’ re building the very first permanent nuclear waste strage facility in the wrld in the stable bedrck 1,500 feet belw.
Currently they’ re just finishing their dig dwn, then very sn they’ll start filling the facility with nuclear waste. They’ll dig lng tunnels with small hles in which they’ll place nuclear waste then backfill the tunnels with clay t be left frever.
With this system, there’s near zer risk f nuclear material leaking ut int the grundwater and, nce it’s filled in the year 2120, it can just be left, frever. Because the material will be s far dwn and s difficult t get t, n human management will be necessary nce cmpleted.
N security, n maintenance, nthing which means it shuld be truly secure, but befre leaving it, Finland needs t fight against ne thing—human nature. As curius beings, it’s hard t fight a persn’s urge f discvery. If smene finds a mysterius structure frm thusands f years ag, it’d just be natural t want t pen it up, and that’s a prblem fr nuclear waste sites.
We essentially did just that with the pyramids in Egypt. These structures were built as the final, permanent resting places and we pened them up because we were curius. Opening the nuclear strage facilities wuld release radiatin int a future civilizatin, s we have t tell them t leave the sites alne, but that’s easier said than dne.
42. Why is Finland building a nuclear strage site deep undergrund?
A. The tunnels there are easy t dig.B. The supply f uranium is limited.
C. Mdern technlgy makes it pssible.D. N natural disaster can influence the site.
43. What human nature des the authr wrry abut?
A. Being curius.B. A desire fr security.
C. Being adventurus.D. A desire fr cntrl.
44. What is the authr’s attitude tward Finland’s actin?
A. Supprtive.B. Tlerant.C. Dubtful.D. Pessimistic.
45. Why are the pyramids in Egypt mentined?
A. T aruse peple’s curisity.B. T predict the site’s develpment.
C. T illustrate the authr’s cncern.D. T stress the imprtance f the prject.
【答案】42. D 43. A 44. A 45. C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了芬兰正在地下建造核废料储存设施，以防止泄漏，但人类好奇心可能成为问题。
42. 细节理解题。根据第二段“This regin is largely lacking in natural disasters. It really desn’t encunter any natural phenmenn that culd damage a nuclear waste strage site, especially if it’s 1, 500 feet undergrund. (这个地区很少发生自然灾害。它真的不会遇到任何可能破坏核废料储存地点的自然现象，尤其是在地下1500英尺的地方。)”可知，芬兰要在地下深处建造核储存设施是因为这个地区不受自然灾害影响。故选D。
43. 细节理解题。根据第五段“As curius beings, it’s hard t fight a persn’s urge f discvery. If smene finds a mysterius structure frm thusands f years ag, it’d just be natural t want t pen it up, and that’s a prblem fr nuclear waste sites. (作为好奇的人，很难抑制一个人的探索冲动。如果有人发现了一个数千年前的神秘结构，很自然就会想要打开它，这对核废料场来说是个问题。)”可知，作者担心的人类天性是好奇心。故选A。
44. 推理判断题。根据第五段“N security, n maintenance, nthing which means it shuld be truly secure, but befre leaving it, Finland needs t fight against ne thing—human nature. As curius beings, it’s hard t fight a persn’s urge f discvery. If smene finds a mysterius structure frm thusands f years ag, it’d just be natural t want t pen it up, and that’s a prblem fr nuclear waste sites. (没有安全，没有维护，没有什么意味着它应该是真正安全的，但在离开它之前，芬兰需要与一件事作斗争——人性。作为好奇的人，很难抑制一个人的探索冲动。如果有人发现了一个数千年前的神秘结构，很自然就会想要打开它，这对核废料场来说是个问题。)”可知，作者对人类好奇心的担忧，可以推断出作者对芬兰的行动持支持的态度，但是，却因为人类的好奇而担忧是否能成功。故选A。
45. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“We essentially did just that with the pyramids in Egypt. These structures were built as the final, permanent resting places and we pened them up because we were curius. Opening the nuclear strage facilities wuld release radiatin int a future civilizatin, s we have t tell them t leave the sites alne, but that’s easier said than dne. (我们对埃及的金字塔就是这样做的。这些建筑是作为最终的，永久的休息场所，我们打开它们是因为我们很好奇。打开核储存设施会将辐射释放到未来的文明中，所以我们必须告诉他们不要打扰这些地方，但这说起来容易做起来难。)”可知，作者提到埃及的金字塔是为了说明人们会因好奇心而打开被视为永久安息之地的结构，从而推断提到金字塔是为了强调作者对核废料储存场所的担忧。故选C。
Hand Brake, Three Gears
Ft Brake, N Gears
1 hur
€7.50
€5.00
3 hurs
€11.00
€7.50
1 day (24 hurs)
€14.75
€9.75
Each additinal day
€8.00
€6.00