专题31 【培优小题狂练】阅读理解七选五逻辑关系类讲义（考情+技法+真题+模拟）-2024年新高考英语二轮复习

这是一份专题31 【培优小题狂练】阅读理解七选五逻辑关系类讲义（考情+技法+真题+模拟）-2024年新高考英语二轮复习，文件包含专题31培优小题狂练阅读理解七选五逻辑关系类讲义考情+技法+真题+模拟-2024年新高考英语二轮复习原卷版docx、专题31培优小题狂练阅读理解七选五逻辑关系类讲义考情+技法+真题+模拟-2024年新高考英语二轮复习解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共67页， 欢迎下载使用。
【近年高考考情】
一、总分关系
调研1【2016全国I卷】
调研2【2013全国I卷】
二、解释关系
调研3【2019全国II卷】
调研4【2018全国II卷】
三、例证关系
调研5【2023新高考I卷】
调研6【2017北京卷】
调研7【2020新高考卷】
四、并列关系
调研8【2016全国II卷】
调研9【2020新高考卷】
调研10【2020全国III卷】
五、递进关系
调研11【2023全国甲卷】
调研12【2017北京卷】
六、转折关系
调研13【2022全国乙卷】
调研14【2019全国II卷】
调研15【2019全国I卷】
调研16【2016全国II卷】
调研17【2017全国III卷】
七、因果关系
调研18【2017北京卷】
调研19【2020新高考卷】
【实用解题妙招】
第一招：关注空前空后信号词
第二招：关注段落小标题影响
第三招：落实瞻前顾后微技能
一、总分关系
调研1【2016全国I卷】
There are three main types f cryptgraphy. 37 Fr example, the first letters f “My elephant eats t many eels” spell ut the hidden message “Meet me.”
E. Yu can hide a message by having the first letters f each wrd spell it ut.
【解析】37. E。考查总分关系。空格前面的句子说总共有三种密码，是一个概括性句子，总述了全段的主要内容。空格内应是介绍第一种密码，是分述。由该空后的例句可知，此空选E “你可以拼写每个单词的第一个字母来隐藏信息”。
调研2【2013全国I卷】
Business management is a term used t describe the techniques f planning, directin, and cntrl f the peratins f a business. 38 One is the establishment (制定) f brad basic plicies with respect t prductin; sales; the purchase f equipment, materials and supplies; and accunting. 39 The third relates t the establishment f standards f wrk in all departments. Directin is cncerned primarily with supervisin(监管) and guidance by the management in authrity. 40
A. Cntrl includes the use f recrds and reprts t cmpare actual wrk with the set standards fr wrk.
B. In this cnnectin there is the difference between tp management and perative management.
C. Examples f nnprfit businesses include such rganizatins as scial service agencies and many hspitals.
D. Hwever, sme businesses nly seek t earn enugh t cver their perating csts.
E. The secnd aspect relates t the applicatin f these plicies by departments.
F. In the thery f business management, rganizatin has tw main aspects.
G. Planning in business management has three main aspects.
【解析】38. G。前句解释了商业管理的概念，下文为商业管理中规划所包含的三个方面，与G项中的"three main aspects"相一致。故选G。
【解析】39. E。前一句为第一个方面，后一句为第三个方面，显然本句应介绍第二个方面。故选E。
【解析】40. A。第二段的第一句介绍了商业管理中的三个技巧，分别是 planning, directin和cntrl。接下来已经介绍了前两个技巧，最后一个技巧"cntrl"还未提及，所以本空应涉及cntrl的内容。故选A。
二、解释关系
调研3【2019全国II卷】
Anther way f setting realistic gals is t analyze yur shrt and lng term bjectives, keeping in mind yur beliefs, values and strengths. Remember that gals are flexible. 39 They als need t be measurable. Yu must keep these pints in mind while setting yur gals.
E. They can change accrding t circumstances.
【解析】39. E。根据空格前的gals are flexible可知，目标是灵活的，E项“它们可以根据情况而改变”对其进行了解释，故选E项。
调研4【2018全国II卷】
__39__ Studies fund that peple wh wke up early fr exercise slept better than thse wh exercised in the evening. Exercise energizes yu，s it is mre difficult t relax and have a peaceful sleep when yu are very excited.
B. Yur quality f sleep imprves.
【解析】39. B。此处缺少一个主题句。空后句子解释了早起锻炼的人比晚上锻炼的人睡得更好。所选答案应是对后面内容的总述。故选B。
三、例证关系
调研5【2023新高考I卷】
In a jurnal r n a piece f paper, put the heading “Persnal strengths.” 37 Are yu caring? Creative? Generus? A gd listener? Fun t be arund? They dn’t have t be wrld-changing, just aspects f yur persnality that yu’re prud f.
A. A little self-frgiveness als ges a lng way.
B. Nw list all the characteristics yu like abut yurself.
C. They might even like t have a g at ding the exercise.
D. It’s just as imprtant t shw yurself sme frgiveness.
E. It desn’t mean yu have t ignre what’s happened r frget it.
F. Whatever it is, n matter hw small it might seem, write it dwn.
G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect f yur persnality.
37.根据空前内容“In a jurnal r n a piece f paper, put the heading “Persnal strengths. ”(在日记或纸上写上“个人优点”。)”以及空后内容“Are yu caring? Creative? Generus? A gd listener? Fun t be arund? They dn’t have t be wrld-changing, just aspects f yur persnality that yu’re prud f.(你有爱心吗？有创造力吗？你慷慨吗？是一个好的倾听者？与人相处很有趣吗？它们不一定要改变世界，只要你个性中让你感到自豪的方面就行。)”可知，空处指的是列出一些你个性中的优点。选项B“Nw list all the characteristics yu like abut yurself.(现在列出所有你喜欢的自己身上的特点。)”符合上下文内容，下文内容具体解释那些是优点。故选B。
调研6【2017北京卷】
Nw we have the mst direct evidence yet that he is right. 74 The synapses in the mice taken at the end f a perid f sleep were 18 per cent smaller than thse taken befre sleep, shwing that the cnnectins between neurns weaken while sleeping.
G. Tnni's team measured the size f these cnnectins, r synapses, in the brains f 12 mice.
【解析】74. G。该段首句提出论点“现在我们有最直接的证据证明他的假设是对的”，那么接下来就应该给出具体的论据或实例来证明上述论点。此外，该空后面一句话解释了实验的结果和意义。综合看来，只有G项符合语境。
调研7【2020新高考卷】
Never mind that mst travelers nwadays have smart phnes with built－in alarm clcks.__17__ Here are sme examples. At the Wlctt Htel, if a wake－up call is unanswered, they will send an emplyee t yur dr. At Las Ventanas al Parais, an emplyee shws up at yur rm t wake yu up with tea, cffee and breakfast bread. At the Mandarin Oriental, a persn rather than an autmated system will call t wake yu up.
F. The human wake－up call is a way t persnalize a guest’s stay.
【解析】17. F。由17空之后的“Here are sme examples...”可知前后是例证关系。根据后面举的例子可知应该选择F项“The human wake－up call is a way t persnalize a guest’s stay.”
四、并列关系
调研8【2016全国II卷】
Sme peple may think that a garden is n mre than plants, flwers, patterns and masses f clr. Others are cncerned abut using gardening methds that require less water and fewer fertilizers (肥料). 18 Hwever, there are a number f ther reasns that might explain why yu want t garden. One f them cmes frm ur earliest years.
E. Still thers may simply enjy being utdrs and clse t plants.
【解析】18. E。由本段中的第一句Sme ...，第二句的Others ...，可锁定E项中的Still thers ...，它们之间为并列关系，故选E项。
调研9【2020新高考卷】
Yur gal is nt t be a perfect public speaker.__19__ And like everything else in life，that takes practice. Remember, even wrld champin athletes practice their skills n a cnsistent basis.
B. Yu want t be an effective public speaker.
【解析】19. B。根据上文中的“Yur gal is nt t be a perfect public speaker.”可知，你的目标不是成为一个完美的演说家。据此可知，空处与此对应，说明自己的目标是要成为高效的演说家，故选B项。
调研10【2020全国III卷】
A husewarming party is a special party t be held when smene buys r mves int a new apartment r huse. The persn wh bught the huse r mved is the ne wh thrws the party. The party is a chance fr friends and family t cngratulate the persn n the new hme. ___36___ And it is gd time t fill the new space with lve and hpefully presents.
E. It als gives peple a chance t see what the new hme lks like.
【解析】36. E。上句 The party is a chance fr friends and family t cngratulate the persn n the new hme.(这个聚会是朋友和家人祝贺新家的机会)。介绍庆祝乔迁之喜的聚会是亲戚朋友祝贺搬新家的人的一次机会，下句 And it is a gd time t fill the new space with lve and hpefully presents.(现在是时候用爱和希望的礼物来填补新家了)。介绍这也是给新家装满爱和希望礼物的好时机。and表并列，说明设空36也要介绍party的目的，E项：它也给了人们一次看看新家什么样的机会，含义合适，并且有连词als呼应下句的and，形成上下句并列，都是庆祝乔迁之喜聚会的目的，故选E。
五、递进关系
调研11【2023全国甲卷】
●Practice gratitude (感激)
Thankfulness has a lt f benefits: Research shws it makes us happier, less stressed and even mre ptimistic. 37 . “Shwing thankfulness can fster self-cntrl,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University f Califrnia.
A. Find yur causes
B. Start with small tasks
C. Accept the uncmfrtable
D. All this adds up t a state f hurry
E. It can als help us practice mre patience
F. This is merely uncmfrtable, nt intlerable
G. They’re all situatins where we culd use a little extra patience
37.根据上文“Thankfulness has a lt f benefits: Research shws it makes us happier, less stressed and even mre ptimistic.(感恩有很多好处：研究表明，感恩让我们更快乐，压力更小，甚至更乐观)”以及后文““Shwing thankfulness can fster self-cntrl,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University f Califrnia. (加州大学的研究员叶丽说：“表达感激可以培养自我控制能力。”)”可知，上文提到了感恩的诸多好处，可知本句继续说明感恩的好处：它还可以帮助我们练习更多的耐心。E选项中It指代上文Thankfulness。故E选项“它还可以帮助我们练习更多的耐心”符合语境，故选E。als表示递进关系。
调研12【2017北京卷】
Every animal sleeps, but the reasn fr this has remained fggy. When lab rats are nt allwed t sleep, they die within a mnth. 71
C. Similarly, when peple g fr a few days withut sleeping, they get sick.
【解析】71. C。首句指出每种动物都要睡觉，但原因仍然是个谜。实验室的老鼠被剥夺了睡眠，一个月内就会死亡，C项“同样，如果人类连续几天不睡觉，就会生病”与前句是层递关系，故选C项。
六、转折关系
调研13【2022全国乙卷】
·Dn’t rely n technlgy alne
_ 40 , but lng-distance friendships — even clse nes — may require mre cnscius effrt t sustain. Try t seek ut chances t renew friendships. Hw t d it? Just spend face-t-face time tgether whenever pssible.
A. Remember imprtant dates
B. Cmpensate by writing letters
C. It is als helpful fr yu t be a friendship keeper
D. Try t find a time that wrks fr bth f yu and stick t it
E. Friends need t talk abut their preferred methds f cmmunicatin
F. It is easy t have a sense f cnnectedness thrugh scial media
G. Yu may be the friend wh left r the ne wh was left behind
40. F。设空处所在句子的后半句“but lng-distance friendships — even clse nes — may require mre cnscius effrt t sustain.”（但是异地友谊——甚至是关系亲密的友谊——可能需要更加自觉地去维系。）讲的是我们要更加自觉地维系异地友谊，其中“but”说明后半句与设空处形成转折，而F项“朋友之间很容易通过社交媒体产生一种联结感”讲的是可以通过社交媒体这种方式很容易与朋友产生联结，与后半句“require mre cnscius effrt t sustain”形成转折，而且其中的“scial media”呼应了该段的小标题“Dn’t rely n technlgy alne”（不要仅仅依赖技术）中的“technlgy”。故选F。
调研14【2019全国II卷】
Yur persnal circumstances are equally imprtant. Fr example, yu may want t be a pilt but can't becme ne because yur eyesight is nt gd enugh. 40 Yu shuld reassess yur gals, and mtivate yurself t set a fresh gal.
C. Hwever，this shuld nt discurage yu.
【解析】40. C。空格前说“例如，你想当飞行员但是却因为视力不够好而当不成”，空格后说“你应该重新评估你的目标，激励自己重新设定一个目标”。C项“然而，这不应该使你气馁”承上启下，符合语境，为转折关系。
调研15【2019全国I卷】
__40__While the sun’s rays can age and harm ur skin，they als give us beneficial Vitamin D. T make sure yu get enugh Vitamin D—but still prtect yur skin—put n sunscreen right as yu head utside. It takes sunscreen abut fifteen minutes t start wrking，and that’s plenty f time fr yur skin t absrb a day’s wrth f Vitamin D.
D. Anther side benefit f getting fresh air is sunlight.
【解析】40. D。空格后一句说，虽然阳光会使我们的皮肤衰老并受到伤害，但阳光也能带来有益的维生素D，这应该与上一句之间是转折关系，故空格处应填呼吸新鲜空气附带的好处，因此D项“呼吸新鲜空气的另一个附带好处是阳光”符合语境，D项中的sunlight与空格后的the sun’s rays相呼应。故选D。
调研16【2016全国II卷】
Our mdel f what a garden shuld be ften ges back t childhd. Grandma's rse garden and Dad's vegetable garden might be gd r bad, but that's nt what's imprtant. 19 — hw being in thse gardens made us feel. If yu'd like t build a pwerful bnd with yur garden, start by taking sme time t recall the gardens f yur yuth. 20.Fr each f thse gardens, write dwn the strngest memry yu have. Then g utside and wrk ut a plan t translate yur childhd memries int yur grwn­up garden. Have fun.
C. It's ur experience f the garden that matters.
【解析】19. C。空格前说“但那一点不重要”，空格处应与之相对，指出什么才是重要的，故选C项“我们做园艺工作的体验才是重要的”。
调研17【2017全国III卷】
Keep a recrd and evaluate it weekly. Keep track f yur effrts and write dwn hw yu feel. After yu’ve tried a new methd fr a week，take a lk at yur recrd.__20__ If nt，take anther lk at ther methds yu culd try.
E. If the steps yu take are wrking，keep it up.
【解析】20. E。考查前后句的连贯。本段谈到对自己所做的计划要记录、评价和调整。本空后的“If nt”说明前面是讨论计划有效就应该坚持，因此选E。
七、因果关系
调研18【2017北京卷】
One idea is that sleep helps us strengthen new memries. 72 We knw that, while awake, fresh memries are recrded by reinfrcing (加强) cnnectins between brain cells, but the memry prcesses that take place while we sleep have been unclear.
E. That's why students d better in tests if they get a chance t sleep after learning.
【解析】72. E。该段首句说睡眠能帮助人们增强记忆。而E项则给出了结果，学习后如有机会睡眠，那么学生在考试中就会表现更好，故选E项。
调研19【2020新高考卷】
Even the mst successful public speaker will make mistakes. Yet, the nly ne wh cares abut any mistake is the ne wh is speaking. Peple’s attentin wanders cnstantly. In fact. mst peple nly absrb abut 20 percent f a speaker’s message. S, dn’t stp speaking when yu make a mistake unless it’s a truly serius ne.__18__
C. Yu dn’t need t aplgize fr a minr slip.
【解析】18. C。根据上文中的“S，dn’t stp speaking when yu make a mistake unless it’s a truly serius ne.”可知，当你犯错时不要停止演讲，除非是非常严重的错误。据此可以推知，空处承接上文，说明犯小错误无需道歉，故C项正确。
【高考真题再练】
1.（2020全国I卷）
A Few Tips fr Self-Acceptance
We all want it t accept and lve urselves. But at times it seems t difficult and t far ut f reach. 36 Here’s a handful f ways that will set yu in the right directin.
● 37 D nt fllw the peple wh make yu feel nt-gd-enugh. Why d yu fllw them? Are yu hping that eventually yu will feel empwered because yur life is better than theirs? Knw that yur life is yur wn; yu are the nly yu in this wrld.
●Frgive yurself fr mistakes that yu have made. We are ften ashamed f ur shrtcmings, ur mistakes and ur failures. 38 Yu will make mistakes, time and time again. Rather than getting caught up in hw yu culd have dne better, why nt ffer yurself a cmpassinate (有同情心) respnse? “That didn’t g as planned. But, I tried my best.”
●Recgnize all f yur strengths. Write them dwn in a jurnal. Begin t train yur brain t lk at strength befre weakness. List all f yur accmplishments and achievements. Yu have a jb, earned yur degree, and yu gt ut f bed tday. 39
●Nw that yu’ve listed yur strengths, list yur imperfectins. Turn the page in yur jurnal. Put int wrds why yu feel unwrthy, why yu dn’t feel gd enugh. Nw, read these wrds back t yurself. 40 Turn t a page in yur jurnal t yur list f strengths and achievements. See hw awesme yu are?
A. Feeling upset again?
B. Where d yu start?
C. Nthing is t small t celebrate.
D. Remember, yu are nly human.
E Set an intentin fr self-acceptance.
F. Stp cmparing yurself with thers.
G. When des the cmparisn game start?
【答案】36-40 BFDCA
【导读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几个自我接纳的小技巧。
36. B。根据题目A Few Tips fr Self-acceptance及下文的Here's a handful f ways that will set yu in the right directin.(这有很多可以帮你找到正确方向的方法。)可知，选项B. Where d yu start? (从哪里开始那？)最合下文语境。
37. F。根据下文Are yu hping that eventually yu will feel empwered because yur life is better than theirs? Knw that yur life is yur wn; yu are the nly ne in this wrld.可知，本段主要讲述不要把自己和别人作比较，因为生活是我们自己的，我们也是世界上独一无二的。故F. Stp cmparing yurself with thers.可以作为本段中心句。
38. D。根据本文的中心句Frgive yurself fr mistakes that yu have made.及下文的Yu will make mistakes, time and time again.可知，选项D. Remember, yu are nly human.与上下文衔接最好。
39. C。根据上文List all f yur accmplishments and achievements. Yu have a jb, earned yur degree, and yu gt ut f bed tday.(列出你所有的成就。你有了一份工作，拿到了学位，今天就起床了。)可知，选项C. Nthing is t small t celebrate.(没有什么事是太小而不值得庆祝。)与上文衔接最好。
40. A。结合上文Put int wrds why yu feel unwrthy, why yu dn't feel gd enugh. Nw, read these wrds back t yurself.和下文的Turn t a page in yur jurnal t yur list f strengths and achievements. See hw awesme yu are?可知，选项A. Feeling upset again?最合上下文语境。
2.（2020全国II卷）
Emji（表情符号）and Wrkplace Cmmunicatin
In Asia, messaging platfrms are grwing rapidly, with users in the hundreds f millins, bth at wrk and play. 36 . It’s been reprted that 76 percent f emplyees in sme western cuntries are using emjis at wrk.
Written cmmunicatins can ften read as cld and dull. Using emjis can add humr and feeling, keeping intentin clear. 37 , encuraging better and mre frequent cmmunicatin.
In any given ffice, emplyees can range frm age 22 t 70 and beynd, and finding cmmn grund in cmmunicatin style can be a challenge.38 .
While the yunger generatins prefer t cmmunicate visually, fr thse used t wrking with traditinal tls like email, it may feel like a learning curve（曲线）. The gd news is that it’s simple t learn and can be wrth the effrt.
There is als the matter f tne（语气）. Wh hasn’t received an email s annying that it ruined an entire day? 39 . Emji can help cmmunicatin feel friendlier, and even a serius nte can be sftened with an encuraging smile.
40 , and emji can cntribute directly t that psitive utcme. And when yur emplyees begin adding smiling emjis t their business cmmunicatin, yu’ll knw yu have succeeded in imprving yur wrk culture.
A. Message with emjis feel mre cnversatinal
B. Even a frmal email can seem cld and unfriendly
C. Sending smiling faces t clleagues may seem strange
D. The ppularity f these platfrms is spreading glbally
E. Giving emplyees the tls enables them t cmmunicate hnestly
F. Studies shw that friendlier cmmunicatin leads t a happier wrkplace
G. An easy way t bring all wrk generatins tgether is with a chat platfrm
【答案】36-40 DACBF
【导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了表情符号以及在工作交流所带来的优势。
36. D。根据前句“In Asia, messaging platfrms are grwing rapidly, with users in the hundreds f millins, bth at wrk and play.(在亚洲，即时通讯平台正在迅速发展，无论是工作还是娱乐，都有数亿用户)”和后句“It's been reprted that 76 percent f emplyees in sme western cuntries are using emjis at wrk.(据报道，在一些西方国家，76%的员工在工作中使用表情符号)”可知，前后句都说明了即时通讯平台受欢迎程度。所以选择项D. The ppularity f these platfrms is spreading glbally. (这些平台的受欢迎程度正在全球蔓延)符合题意。
37. A。根据前句“Using emjis can add humr and feeling, keeping intentin clear.(使用表情符号可以增加幽默和感情，保持明确的意图)”和后半句“encuraging better and mre frequent cmmunicatin.(鼓励更好更频繁的交流)”可知，这里陈述使用表情符号的优点。
38. G。根据前句“In any given ffice, emplyees can range frm age 22 t 70 and beynd, and finding cmmn grund in cmmunicatin can be a challenge. (在任何一间办公室，员工年龄从22岁到70岁甚至更大，在交流中找到共同点可能是一项挑战)” 中关键词句“emplyees can range frm age 22 t 70 and beynd,”与选择项中“all wrk generatins”是一致的。
39. B。根据前句“ Wh hasn’t received an email s annying that it ruined an entire day? (谁没有收到过毁掉了一整天的邮件呢？)”和后文介绍表情的优点，可知，这里陈述电子邮件的缺点。
40. F。根据后句“and Emji can cntribute directly t that psitive utcme. (并且表情符号可以直接促成这种积极的结果)”可知，这里陈述表情符号能给工作场所带来的好处。
3.（2020全国III卷）
A husewarming party is a special party t be held when smene buys r mves int a new apartment r huse. The persn wh bught the huse r mved is the ne wh thrws the panty. The party is a chance fr friends and family t cngratulate the persn n the new hme. 36 And it is gd time t fill the new space with lve and hpefully presents.
37 Sme peple register a list f things they want r need fr their new hme at a lcal r stre r stres. Sme cmmn things peple will put n a gift registry include kitchen tls like knives and things like curtains. Even if there isn’t a registry, a gd husewarming gift is smething t decrate the new huse with, like a piece f art r a plant.
38 This is ften appreciated since at a husewarming there isn’t a lt f fd served. There are usually n planned activities like games at a husewarming party. The hst r hstess f the party will, hwever, prbably give all the guests a tur f their new hme. Smetimes, because a husewarming party happens shrtly after a persn mves int their new hme, peple may be asked t help unpack bxes. 39
Husewarming parties get their name frm the fact that a lng time ag peple wuld actually bring firewd t a new hme as a gift. 40 Nw mst hmes have central heating and dn’t use fires t keep warm.
A. This isn’t usual thugh.
B. It is traditinal t bring a gift t a husewarming party.
C. Yu can als bring fd r drinks t share with the ther guests.
D. If yu’re lucky enugh t receive gifts, keep them in a safe place.
E. It als gives peple a chance t see what the new hme lks like.
F. The best husewarming parties encurage ld friends t get tgether.
G. This was s that the persn culd keep their hme warm fr the winter.
36-40 EBCAG
【导读】本文是说明文，介绍了乔迁聚会的目的，礼物的选取，活动安排和名称的由来。
36. E。上句 The party is a chance fr friends and family t cngratulate the persn n the new hme介绍庆祝乔迁之喜的聚会是亲戚朋友祝贺搬新家的人的一次机会，下句 And it is a gd time t fill the new space with lve and hpefully presents介绍这也是给新家装满爱和希望礼物的好时机。E项与上下句并列，都是庆祝乔迁之喜聚会的目的。
37. B。下文Sme cmmn things peple will put n a gift registry include kitchen tls like knives and things like curtains.和like a piece f art r a plant. 列举了参加聚会所带礼物的清单，可以是厨房工具、窗帘、艺术品或绿植。这些都和参加聚会带礼物有关，B项概括了本段内容，引出下文。
38. C。本段介绍了聚会的活动安排，根据后文This is ften appreciated since at a husewarming there isn' t a lt f fd served.指出因为新搬家，所以主人不会准备太丰盛的食物或太多的活动。那么本句是在建议你可以带上自己的食物或饮料与其他客人分享搬家，所以主人不会准备太丰盛的食物或太多的活动。C项：你也可以带上食物或饮料与其他客人分享。
39. A。本段提到在乔迁聚会上人们会聚餐，主人带领客人参观新家。上句提到，由于乔迁聚会是在搬进新家后不久举行的，人们可能会被要求帮助打开箱子。根据常识可知在乔迁聚会上让客人们帮忙干活是不常见的，A项表达了此意，与上文衔接。
40. G。上句介绍了乔迁聚会名称的由来，根据bring firewd t a new hme as a gift.可知人们会带柴火作为礼物，那么本空承接上文说明了带柴火的目的和作用。G项符合语境。
【名校好题强化】
1.（2023上·陕西汉中·高三统考阶段练习）
It’s nrmal fr friends t experience cnflict, disagreements, and even fight. Yu can’t always agree n everything. Mst times cnflict with a friend is easily slved. But in sme cases, the disagreement and the cnflict grw leading t anger, sadness and even the end f a friendship. Learning t handle the cnflict with friends in a healthy way is beneficial fr bth sides. 1 .
Calm dwn.
The first thing is t calm dwn. 2 . Prevent further damage t the relatinship by taking a mment t calm dwn. Get sme alne time. Tell yur friend that yu need a mment t clear yur head. Yu can either g fr a walk r just take a warm bath.
3 .
It may feel as if it helps yu explain yur cncerns mre thrughly if yu bring in related examples frm past events. Avid this at all csts. Past issues fr discussin nly make things wrse. Remember it’s imprtant t fcus n the issue at hand, nt past events.
Wrk twards a cmprmise.
Unfrtunately, sme peple believe that a cmprmise means a “lse/lse situatin” because each persn has t give up smething. While this is true, every healthy relatinship usually invlves cmprmise and adjusting t thers’ needs r wants. 4 . Just “give a little” t allw yur friend t “get a little”.
Be careful f unhealthy friendships.
It’s generally a gd idea t wrk thrugh cnflicts with friends. But it isn’t in yur best interest if the friendship causes mre harm than gd. 5 , yu need t re-evaluate if this friendship is wrth keeping and cnsider when t walk away.
A．It takes tw t make it wrk
B．In a heated situatin, it’s easy t say r d things we later regret
C．Avid explaining yur cncerns repeatedly
D．Remain n the current matter
E．Here are sme tips
F．It’s imprtant t surrund yurself with peple wh psitively influence yur life
G．If yu are in a friendship that is based mre n cnflict r yu are the ne always aplgizing
【答案】1．E 2．B 3．D 4．A 5．G
【导语】这是一篇说明文。作者介绍了四种处理与朋友之间冲突的正确方法。
1．上文“Learning t handle the cnflict with friends in a healthy way is beneficial fr bth sides. (学会以一种健康的方式处理与朋友的冲突对双方都有益)”提示下文要讲的是处理朋友间的冲突的健康方法，因此E项“这里有一些建议”概括本文主旨，故选E。
2．下文“Prevent further damage t the relatinship by taking a mment t calm dwn. (花点时间冷静下来，以免进一步损害你们的关系)”说明可能造成损害关系的行为，与空格处是因果关系，因此B项“在紧张的情况下，很容易说出或做一些让我们后来后悔的话”符合语境，故选B。
3．下文“Remember it’s imprtant t fcus n the issue at hand, nt past events. (记住，关注眼前的问题很重要，而不是过去的事件。)”说明本段主旨是关注眼前的问题，因此D项“保持在当前的问题上”能够概括本段主旨，故选D。
4．上文“While this is true, every healthy relatinship usually invlves cmprmise and adjusting t thers’ needs r wants (虽然这是真的，但每一段健康的关系通常都包括妥协和适应他人的需求或愿望)”说明健康的关系需要双方的妥协，因此A项“需要两个人才能成功”符合语境，与空格处是因果关系，故选A。
5．下文“yu need t re-evaluate if this friendship is wrth keeping and cnsider when t walk away (你需要重新评估这段友谊是否值得保持，并考虑何时离开)”说明这种友谊是不合理的，是不健康的，是下文“重新评估这段友谊”的条件，因此G项“如果你的友谊更多地建立在冲突的基础上，或者你是那个总是道歉的人”符合语境，故选G。
2.（2022上·贵州贵阳·高三校联考阶段练习）
Our planet is an amazing place, but it needs ur help t thrive! That’s why each year n April 22, mre than a billin peple celebrate Earth Day t prtect the planet frm things like pllutin and defrestatin. Yu can celebrate and prtect the planet at the same time. 6 .
Becme a waste warrir
The number f garbage trucks Americans fill each year wuld stretch halfway t the mn. Tilet paper tubes, made frm cardbard, take tw mnths t decmpse in a landfill. A plastic bttle sticks arund fr way lnger and 7 ! But instead f turning t the trash bin, yu culd turn these items int an awesme telescpe r a flwer planter. Befre yu thrw smething away, think abut whether it can be recycled r repurpsed.
Plant a tree
8 , s help ffset that lss by planting a tree f yur wn. Trees absrb carbn dixide and release xygen fr peple t breathe. They als prvide shelter and fd fr animals such as squirrels and wls.
9
It might seem like it’s everywhere, but clean, drinkable water is a limited resurce. In fact, less than ne percent f the water n Earth can be used by humans. (The rest is either t salt y r t difficult t access. ) Turning ff the faucet when yu brush yur teeth can cnserve up t eight gallns f water a day.
Offer yur time
With a parent’s permissin, vlunteer t pick up trash at a nearby park, start a cllectin drive fr recyclable items, r rganize a screening f an envirnmentally themed mvie. 10 , yu’re nt just helping the Earth—yu’re making new friends t!
The mre peple d, the better ff ur planet will be!
A．Turn ff the light
B．By getting invlved and wrking with thers
C．it can take ver 450 years t break dwn
D．Limit yur water usage
E．T help save even mre water, challenge yurself t take a shrter shwer
F．Check ut these Earth Day ideas t help save the planet any time f year
G．Researchers estimate rughly 15 billin trees in the wrld are cut dwn each year
【答案】6．F 7．C 8．G 9．D 10．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了关于几项在日常生活中保护地球的措施以响应4月22日世界地球日号召。
6．根据上文“Our planet is an amazing place, but it needs ur help t thrive! That’s why each year n April 22, mre than a billin peple celebrate Earth Day t prtect the planet frm things like pllutin and defrestatin. Yu can celebrate and prtect the planet at the same time.(我们的星球是一个神奇的地方，但它需要我们的帮助才能茁壮成长!这就是为什么每年4月22日，超过10亿人庆祝地球日，以保护地球免受污染和森林砍伐等危害。你可以在庆祝的同时保护地球。)”和下文中的小标题可知，空处承上启下，说明要分享一些拯救地球的想法。F项：Check ut these Earth Day ideas t help save the planet any time f year.(看看这些地球日的想法，在一年中的任何时候都可以帮助拯救地球。)符合语境。故选F。
7．根据上文“Tilet paper tubes, made frm cardbard, take tw mnths t decmpse in a landfill. A plastic bttle sticks arund fr way lnger(厕纸筒由硬纸板制成，在垃圾填埋场需要两个月才能分解。一个塑料瓶使用的时间更长)”可知，空处承接上文，说明塑料瓶分解需要的时间。C项：it can take ver 450 years t break dwn.(它需要450年才能分解。)符合语境。故选C。
8．根据下文“s help ffset that lss by planting a tree f yur wn.(因此，通过种植自己的树来帮助抵消损失。)”可知，上文提到了树的损失，G 项中的“rughly 15 billin trees in the wrld are cut dwn”和下文中的“lss”对应。G项：Researchers estimate rughly 15 billin trees in the wrld are cut dwn each year.(研究人员估计，世界上每年大约有150亿棵树被砍伐。)符合语境。故选G。
9．空处为段落小标题。根据下文“It might seem like it’s everywhere, but clean, drinkable water is a limited resurce. In fact, less than ne percent f the water n Earth can be used by humans. (The rest is either t salt y r t difficult t access. ) Turning ff the faucet when yu brush yur teeth can cnserve up t eight gallns f water a day.(它似乎无处不在，但干净的饮用水是一种有限的资源。事实上，地球上只有不到百分之一的水可以被人类利用。(其余的要么太咸，要么太难获得。)刷牙的时候关掉水龙头，一天可以节约多达8加仑的水。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是要限制用水。D项：Limit yur water usage.(限制用水。)符合语境。故选D。
10．根据下文“yu’re nt just helping the Earth—yu’re making new friends t(你不只是在帮助地球，你也在结交新朋友！)”可知，与他人一起参加保护地球的工作，不仅可以帮助地球，还可以结交朋友，B项中的“thers”和下文中的“new friends”对应。B项：By getting invlved and wrking with thers.(通过参与和与他人一起工作。)符合语境。故选B。
3.（2023上·贵州·高三校联考阶段练习）
Hw t build a habit in 4 steps
Having established gd habits, little t n will pwer is required t chse wisely. Sunds great, right? The nly catch is that building gd habits takes effrt and insight. Here are a few research-backed steps that can set yu n the path frm where yu are t where yu want t be.
11 The way yu define the gal yu hpe t turn int a habit des matter. Gals such as “meditate regularly” are t abstract. 12 Dn’t say “I’ll meditate regularly.” Say, “I’ll meditate fr 15 minutes each day.” Having a bite-size bjective makes it less daunting t get started and easier t see yur prgress.
Make it fun t repeat. Research has shwn yu’ll persist lnger and ultimately achieve mre if yu fcus n finding ways t make gal pursuit fun. Because yu are far mre likely t stick with smething yu enjy. 13
Fster flexibility. A flexible habit means yu can still d what yu need t even when a wrench is thrwn in yur first best plans—say, a traffic jam n the way t drpping the kids ff at schl that gets in the way f yur mrning meditatin. 14 A cuple f emergency reserves each week give yu the flexibility t miss a day when a real emergency arises withut getting discuraged and abandning yur bjective entirely.
Find the right kind f scial supprt. 15 Want t start running regularly? Yu’re prbably better ff jining an established running club. Peple in the running club have already built the habits yu want. Yu can learn frm them abut what wrks and gain friends wh will make yu feel like a sluch when yu slack ff.
A．Set a specific gal.
B．Create a detailed, cue-based plan.
C．We’re strngly influenced by the behavirs f the peple arund us.
D．One way that’s prven useful is by giving yurself “emergency reserves”.
E．Making this kind f plan reduces the chances yu’ll frget t fllw thrugh.
F．And repetitin is key t habit frmatin, making the experience psitive is critical.
G．Yu’ll benefit frm being mre specific abut what exactly yu aim t d and hw ften.
【答案】11．A 12．G 13．F 14．D 15．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何养成好习惯的五个方法。
11．下文“The way yu define the gal yu hpe t turn int a habit des matter. (你如何定义你希望变成习惯的目标是很重要的)”可知，设定目标很重要，推断出本段主要介绍了和设定目标相关的内容，A项“设定特殊的目标”做为本段的小标题，符合题意。故选A项。
12．上文“Gals such as “meditate regularly” are t abstract.(诸如“定期冥想”之类的目标过于抽象)”表明大部分人设定的目标太抽象化了，不够具体，而G项“你将受益于更具体地说明你的确切目标和频率”和上文构成内容上的承接，说明当设定的目标太抽象化时，应该选择更确切的目标和频率。故选G项。
13．上文“Make it fun t repeat.(让重复变得有趣)”及上文“Because yu are far mre likely t stick with smething yu enjy.(因为你更有可能坚持你喜欢的东西)”可知，本段主要讲的是让重复变得有趣是因为人只有找到你喜欢的东西才能坚持下去，F项“重复是养成习惯的关键，让体验变得积极至关重要”和上文构成内容上的承接关系。故选F项。
14．上文“A flexible habit means yu can still d what yu need t even when a wrench is thrwn in yur first best plans—say, a traffic jam n the way t drpping the kids ff at schl that gets in the way f yur mrning meditatin.(灵活的习惯意味着，即使在你的第一个最佳计划中遇到了麻烦，你仍然可以做你需要做的事情——比如，在送孩子上学的路上遇到交通堵塞，妨碍了你早上的冥想)”可知，灵活的习惯意味着你可以在遇到麻烦以后仍然可以做你需要做的事情。D项“一种被证明有用的方法是给自己“应急储备””和上文构成内容上的承接，指出了应急储备可以帮助解决以上问题。故选D项。
15．下文“Yu can learn frm them abut what wrks and gain friends wh will make yu feel like a sluch when yu slack ff.(你可以向他们学习什么是有效的，并获得朋友，当你松懈时，他们会让你觉得自己懒散)”可知，这个事例说明了我们深受周围人行为的影响，是对C项“我们深受周围人行为的影响”这一观点的举例说明。故选C项。
4.（2023上·重庆·高三重庆巴蜀中学校考期中）
Time is ne f the mst valuable cmmdities we have. It is a nn-renewable resurce that,nce lst, cannt be regained. 16 But hw we chse t spend it can make r break ur lives.
We frequently run ut f time in tday’s fast-paced wrld. We have deadlines, appintments and respnsibilities t meet within a certain time. 17 We may believe that we have all the time in the wrld, but befre we knw it, the day is ver, the week is ver and anther year has passed.
The prverb “time and tide wait fr nne” reminds us that time is a limited resurce that we must make the mst f. 18 We shuld priritize ur tasks, set gals and wrk twards achieving them. We shuld avid prcrastinatin (拖延) and make every mment cunt.
19 We live in a wrld where scial media, emails and ntificatins take mst f ur attentin. It is s easy t get sucked int endlessly watching vides r lking at psts. Hwever,if we allw these distractins t take ver, we risk wasting valuable time that culd be spent n mre prductive activities.
“Time and tide wait fr nne” als reminds us that time is valuable and shuld nt be squandered (挥霍). We shuld treasure every mment and make the mst f it. We shuld spend time with ur lved nes, pursue ur passins and d things that make us happy. 20
The prverb serves as a pwerful reminder f the value f time management. Time is a finite resurce that must be used wisely. S, let us all strive t maximise ur time and live ur lives t the fullest.
A．We all have the same amunt f time in a day.
B．Life is t shrt t waste time n things that dn’t matter.
C．Distractins are ne f the mst difficult challenges we face.
D．It encurages us t be mindful f ur time and t use it wisely.
E．It’s all t easy t let time slip away while brwsing ur news feeds.
F．It illustrates the idea that time is fleeting and it desn’t wait fr anyne.
G．With s much t d, it’s easy t lse track f time and allw it t pass by yu.
【答案】16．A 17．G 18．D 19．C 20．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了时间的重要性以及建议好好利用时间。
16．根据上文“Time is ne f the mst valuable cmmdities we have. It is a nn-renewable resurce that, nce lst, cannt be regained.(时间是我们所拥有的最有价值的商品之一。它是一种不可再生的资源，一旦失去就无法重新获得)”以及后文“But hw we chse t spend it can make r break ur lives.(但是我们选择如何度过它可以成就我们的生活，也可以毁掉我们的生活)”可知，上文提到了时间的重要性，后文提到了如何度过时间，可知本句主要与所拥有的时间数量有关。故A选项“我们每天的时间都是一样的”符合语境，故选A。
17．根据上文“We frequently run ut f time in tday’s fast-paced wrld. We have deadlines, appintments and respnsibilities t meet within a certain time.(在当今快节奏的世界里，我们经常没有时间。我们有截止日期、约会和责任要在一定时间内完成)”提到了在当今快节奏的世界里，我们经常没有时间。我们有各种任务要完成；再根据空后句“We may believe that we have all the time in the wrld, but befre we knw it, the day is ver, the week is ver and anther year has passed.(我们可能相信我们拥有世界上所有的时间，但在我们意识到之前，一天已经过去了，一周已经过去了，又一年已经过去了)”可知，所以有太多事情要做，一天时间很快就过去了。故G选项“有这么多的事情要做，很容易忘记时间，让时间从你身边溜走”符合语境，故选G。
18．根据上文“The prverb “time and tide wait fr nne” reminds us that time is a limited resurce that we must make the mst f.(“时不我待”这句谚语提醒我们，时间是有限的资源，我们必须充分利用)”可知，前句谚语“时不我待”提醒我们时间重要。它鼓励我们注意自己的时间，并好好利用它。故D选项“它鼓励我们注意我们的时间，并明智地利用它”符合语境，故选D。
19．根据后文“We live in a wrld where scial media, emails and ntificatins take mst f ur attentin. It is s easy t get sucked int endlessly watching vides r lking at psts. Hwever,if we allw these distractins t take ver, we risk wasting valuable time that culd be spent n mre prductive activities.(我们生活在一个社交媒体、电子邮件和通知占据了我们大部分注意力的世界。人们很容易沉迷于无休止地看视频或看帖子。然而，如果我们让这些干扰占据了主导，我们就有可能浪费宝贵的时间，而这些时间本可以花在更有成效的活动上)”可知，空后意为我们生活在一个社交媒体、电子邮件和通知占据我们大部分注意力的世界。人们很容易被无休止地看视频或看帖子所吸引，即容易分心。故C选项“分心是我们面临的最困难的挑战之一”符合语境，故选C。
20．根据上文““Time and tide wait fr nne” als reminds us that time is valuable and shuld nt be squandered (挥霍). We shuld treasure every mment and make the mst f it. We shuld spend time with ur lved nes, pursue ur passins and d things that make us happy.( “时不我待”也提醒我们，时间是宝贵的，不应该浪费。我们应该珍惜每一刻，充分利用它。我们应该花时间和我们爱的人在一起，追求我们的激情，做让我们快乐的事情)”提到我们应该花时间与我们所爱的人在一起，追求我们的激情，做让我们快乐的事情，说明要努力最大限度地利用我们的时间，把我们的生活过得最充实。故B选项“人生苦短，不要把时间浪费在无关紧要的事情上”符合语境，故选B。
5.（2023上·山东·高三校联考阶段练习）
What t d after asking yur friends R U OK?
We all have lts f big feelings. Sme days, we feel fantastic and like everything is ging ur way. 21 Thse are the times when we culd really use the supprt f a kind friend. Hw can we help if we ntice a friend isn’t feeling quite themselves? We can take time t ask, “Are yu OK?” and really listen t what ur friends have t say. Remember “ALEC” with these fur easy cnversatin steps:
A—Ask
Maybe yur friend is acting a bit different t hw they usually wuld. Maybe they are quieter r nt jining in games they usually enjy. 22 After yu d, the next imprtant thing is t really listen t what they have t say.
L—Listen
Let yur friends tell yu hw they feel. 23 Dn’t wrry abut having all the answers, it’s nt yur jb t fix things, and just having smene t listen t them can really help.
E—Encurage actin
Help yur friend think f a trusted adult they can talk t. Smetimes a listening ear might be all ur friends need. Other times their feelings r prblems are just t big fr friends t manage n their wn. The next step f an “R U OK?” cnversatin is t encurage actin. 24
C—Check in
25 The final step is t check back in t see hw they are ding in the days and weeks that fllw. This might be asking them hw they’re feeling, sending a text message, r even just sitting and spending time tgether s they knw they have a friend wh really cares.
A．All feelings and emtins are cmpletely nrmal.
B．If yu’re nt quite sure hw t ask, that’s OK t.
C．Other days we may feel a bit sad, lnely, r defeated.
D．A few days later, ask yur friend if they are feeling better.
E．That sunds like a gd time t ask them, “Are yu OK?”
F．Yu culd suggest they talk t a teacher r anther trusted adult.
G．Give them time t speak and explain t yu hw they are feeling.
【答案】21．C 22．E 23．G 24．F 25．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了询问朋友情况的四个步骤“ALEC”。
21．根据后文“Thse are the times when we culd really use the supprt f a kind friend.(这些时候，我们真的可以使用一个好朋友的支持)”可知，后文提到了需要朋友支持，说明是心情不好的日子。故C选项“其他日子我们可能会感到有点悲伤、孤独或失败”符合语境，故选C。
22．根据上文“Maybe yur friend is acting a bit different t hw they usually wuld. Maybe they are quieter r nt jining in games they usually enjy.(也许你的朋友表现得和他们平时不太一样。也许他们更安静，或者不参加他们通常喜欢的游戏)”以及后文“After yu d, the next imprtant thing is t really listen t what they have t say.(在你这样做之后，下一件重要的事情是真正倾听他们要说什么)”可知，本句主要说明面对朋友表现得和平时不一样应该怎么做，故E选项“这听起来是个问他们‘你还好吗？’的好时机”符合语境，故选E。
23．根据上文“Let yur friends tell yu hw they feel.(让你的朋友告诉你他们的感受)”以及后文“Dn’t wrry abut having all the answers, it’s nt yur jb t fix things, and just having smene t listen t them can really help.(不要担心知道所有问题的答案，解决问题不是你的工作，只要有人倾听他们的意见就真的很有帮助)”可知，本句主要说明倾听朋友诉说他们的感受。G选项中hw they are feeling对应上文hw they feel。故G选项“给他们说话的时间，向你解释他们的感受”符合语境，故选G。
24．根据上文“Other times their feelings r prblems are just t big fr friends t manage n their wn. The next step f an “R U OK?” cnversatin is t encurage actin.(其他时候，他们的感情或问题太大了，朋友们无法独自解决。“你还好吗？”对话是为了鼓励行动)”可知，本句主要说明朋友问题太大无法解决，应该采取什么样的行动。故F选项“你可以建议他们和老师或其他值得信任的成年人谈谈”符合语境，故选F。
25．根据主题“C—Check in (C——查看)”以及后文“The final step is t check back in t see hw they are ding in the days and weeks that fllw. This might be asking them hw they’re feeling, sending a text message, r even just sitting and spending time tgether s they knw they have a friend wh really cares.(最后一步是检查他们在接下来的几天或几周内的表现。这可能是问他们感觉如何，发一条短信，甚至只是坐下来共度时光，让他们知道他们有一个真正关心他们的朋友)”可知，本段的主旨是查看朋友几天后是否感觉好些了。故D选项“几天后，问你的朋友他们是否感觉好些了”符合语境，故选D。
6.（2023上·广东·高三金山中学校联考期中）
Teenagers are spending mre mney than ever. Just last year, 31.6 millin teens spent 155 billin, accrding t the Nrth-brk, Illinis-based market research grup Teenage Research Unlimited. 26
Shcked at hw much mney kids spend? Maybe yu haven’t checked the price tags lately n sme f the yunger generatin’s must-haves. T sme, such luxurius spending n the changeable yung might seem unbearable. 27 Timthy Marshall, an assciate prfessr f develpmental psychlgy at Christpher Newprt University in Virginia, analyzed the widespread phenmenn after sme research.
One factr is surely the sheer pwer f marketing thrugh mass media. Teenagers are expsed t an estimated 3,000 advertisements each day. Cmbine the ads with prgramming itself, like the fashin-, music- and skin-filled shws n MTV, and yu’ve gt a large number f messages telling kids what they shuld wn if they want t fit in.
Many wrking parents prbably cmpensate by spending mney n their kids. 28 But als, spending mney is ften mre cnvenient in ur fast-paced sciety than ging t baseball games r ther activities.
Fr many families, f curse, keeping up with their children’s cstly demands fr designer clthing, CDs, and cncert tickets is a financial impssibility. Marshall says, even fr thse families wh can affrd such luxurius spending, striking a cmprmise between spiling the kids and denying them is tricky, but pssible.
29 Instead f just giving children the tys r clthing they desire, give them an allwance and shw them hw they can save up fr whatever they want. And dn’t be afraid t just say n. Mst f the parents are wrking nine-t-five r even wrking vertime t make ends meet. Therefre, shulder the respnsibility f instructing the kids t tell right frm wrng, and develping healthy habits f spending mney is f great imprtance. 30
A．Why d sme parents give in?
B．Hw did they persuade parents t pay?
C．Teaching kids hw t budget and save is key.
D．Kids shuldn’t always take mney fr granted.
E．Much f that mney, f curse, cmes frm parents.
F．We need t step up and tell kids where the bundaries are.
G．There is prbably sme guilt invlved in nt spending enugh time at hme.
【答案】26．E 27．A 28．G 29．C 30．F
【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了父母给青少年大量零花钱来满足他们的消费习惯这一现象并给出相关建议。
26．根据上文“Teenagers are spending mre mney than ever. Just last year, 31.6 millin teens spent 155 billin, accrding t the Nrth-brk, Illinis-based market research grup Teenage Research Unlimited.(青少年比以往任何时候都花更多的钱。据总部位于伊利诺伊州诺斯布鲁克的市场研究机构“青少年无限研究”称，仅去年一年，就有3160万青少年消费了1550亿美元)”可知，上文提到青少年比过去花了更多的钱，并列举了数据。根据下文中提到的青少年花钱的原因与父母有关以及父母该怎么做，需引出钱是父母的。故E选项“当然，这些钱大部分来自父母”符合语境，故选E。
27．根据上文“Shcked at hw much mney kids spend? Maybe yu haven’t checked the price tags lately n sme f the yunger generatin’s must-haves. T sme, such luxurius spending n the changeable yung might seem unbearable.(孩子们花这么多钱震惊了吗？也许你最近没有看过一些年轻一代必备品的价格标签。对一些人来说，在多变的年轻人身上如此奢侈的消费似乎难以忍受)”可知，第二段讲到一些奢侈的花销是不可忍受的，但家长仍然付钱了，结合下文“Timthy Marshall, an assciate prfessr f develpmental psychlgy at Christpher Newprt University in Virginia, analyzed the widespread phenmenn after sme research.(蒂莫西·马歇尔(Timthy Marshall)是弗吉尼亚州克里斯托弗·纽波特大学(Christpher Newprt University)发展心理学副教授，经过一些研究后，他分析了这一普遍现象)”表明教授对于这一现象做出研究，故本句设问提出：为什么父母会允许孩子花这么多钱。故A选项“为什么有些父母会让步？”符合语境，故选A。
28．根据上文“Many wrking parents prbably cmpensate by spending mney n their kids.(许多有工作的父母可能会把钱花在孩子身上作为补偿)”以及后文“But als, spending mney is ften mre cnvenient in ur fast-paced sciety than ging t baseball games r ther activities.(而且，在我们这个快节奏的社会里，花钱往往比参加棒球比赛或其他活动更方便)”可知，本段主要讲家长为孩子花钱的一个原因——心理补偿。故G选项“没有足够的时间待在家里可能会有负罪感”符合语境，说明补偿的原因。故选G。
29．根据后文“Instead f just giving children the tys r clthing they desire, give them an allwance and shw them hw they can save up fr whatever they want. And dn’t be afraid t just say n. Mst f the parents are wrking nine-t-five r even wrking vertime t make ends meet. Therefre, shulder the respnsibility f instructing the kids t tell right frm wrng, and develping healthy habits f spending mney is f great imprtance.(不要只给孩子想要的玩具或衣服，给他们零花钱，告诉他们如何攒钱买他们想要的东西。不要害怕说不。大多数父母都是朝九晚五的工作，甚至加班来维持生计。因此，肩负起教育孩子辨别是非的责任，培养健康的花钱习惯是非常重要的)”可知，本段主要讲家长应如何解决孩子花钱过多的问题：给零花钱但教会孩子省着花钱。 本空在段首，为全段的总起句，C选项的budget（谨慎花钱）与本段大意呼应。故C选项“教孩子如何谨慎花钱和储蓄是关键。”符合语境，故选C。
30．根据上文“Therefre, shulder the respnsibility f instructing the kids t tell right frm wrng, and develping healthy habits f spending mney is f great imprtance.(因此，肩负起教育孩子辨别是非的责任，培养健康的花钱习惯是非常重要的)”可知，本段主要讲家长应如何解决孩子花钱过多的问题，得出结论：家长要承担引导孩子、培养良好习惯。F选项中we指代parents，故F选项“我们需要站出来，告诉孩子们界限在哪里”符合语境，故选F。
7.（2023·四川宜宾·统考一模）
Have yu ever argued with a friend, and said r dne smething yu regretted? Smetimes it can be hard t put things right, especially when feelings have been hurt. Aplgizing can understand why yu fell ut in the first place. 31
Why d we argue?
Yu might think yur ftball team is fantastic but yur friend disagrees; r yu dn’t want smene jining in yur game. Smetimes, especially if yu’re angry, things can be ut f cntrl and yu’ll say r d smething yu regret. 32 . Arguing and disagreeing with thers ccasinally is nrmal — we all d it — but it’s imprtant t reslve yur differences afterwards s bad feelings dn’t get wrse. This is where an aplgy can help.
33 ?
We all make mistakes, and aplgizing is a way f admitting we’ve gt smething wrng and will try nt t d it again. Dr Jennifer Thmas, a psychlgist, believes an aplgy needs t shw the ther persn that we’re genuinely srry. Meanwhile, we accept respnsibility fr ur actins and want frgiveness.
What if it’s nt my fault?
Smetimes anther persn may pressure yu int taking the blame when it’s nt yur fault. If yu feel this is happening, yu had better cmmunicate with them. 34 . If yu still can’t agree, yu culd ask a parent r teacher t help yu reslve the prblem.
Des aplgizing always wrk?
Srry n its wn might nt always be enugh, s try t ask the ther persn hw they felt while yu were arguing. Explain yur side t, and make it clear yu’ll try nt t repeat the same mistake again. 35 . It may take time fr smene t understand and frgive. Even after yu’ve said srry, yu culd still feel bad but yu can feel gd abut trying t fix things and prmising yurself t d better next time.
A．What des saying srry mean
B．We argue fr all kinds f reasns
C．What d we make mistakes in life
D．A genuine aplgy isn’t a magic wand
E．Here are sme ways t aplgize t thers
F．Knwing hw t aplgize can help yu becme friends again
G．Try talking abut why yu argue at first and explain yur feeling
【答案】31．F 32．B 33．A 34．G 35．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。该文章主要介绍了争吵和内疚的感觉，以及道歉的重要性，尤其是在解决尴尬的情况下。该文章还提出了一些道歉的方式，如承认错误，真诚地向对方道歉，以及试图不再犯同样的错误等。最后，文章提醒我们即使道歉了，也可能需要时间来获得对方的理解和原谅。
31．根据前文“Have yu ever argued with a friend, and said r dne smething yu regretted? Smetimes it can be hard t put things right, especially when feelings have been hurt. Aplgizing can understand why yu fell ut in the first place.(你有没有和朋友争吵过，并做出了你后悔的言行？有时候想要弥补过错是很困难的，特别是当感情受到伤害时。道歉可以让对方理解你们为什么会陷入争吵。)”可知，此处强调针对于曾经伤害朋友，与朋友吵架，道歉可以让对方明白为什么你们会陷入争吵即强调道歉的好处。F选项“Knwing hw t aplgize can help yu becme friends again(知道如何道歉可以帮助你们再次成为朋友)”承上启下，指出道歉的好处，同时需要引起下文，指出我们应该如何道歉，符合语境。故选F。
32．根据本段段旨“Why d we argue?( 我们为什么要争论？)”以及空前“ Smetimes, especially if yu’re angry, things can be ut f cntrl and yu’ll say r d smething yu regret.(有时候，特别是当你生气的时候，事情可能会失去控制，你会说或做一些让你后悔的事情。)”可知，此处介绍发生争论的原因。B选项“We argue fr all kinds f reasns(我们有各种各样的理由争论)”承接前文，我们是有着各种各样的理由来争吵的，争论的原因可以是多样的，符合语境。故选B。
33．根据后文“ Dr Jennifer Thmas, a psychlgist, believes an aplgy needs t shw the ther persn that we’re genuinely srry. Meanwhile, we accept respnsibility fr ur actins and want frgiveness.(心理学家詹妮弗·托马斯博士认为，道歉需要向对方表明我们真的很抱歉。同时，我们为自己的行为承担责任，希望得到原谅。)”可知，此处强调向别人道歉，说对不起的目的和意义是什么即道歉需要向对方表明我们真的很抱歉。同时，我们为自己的行为承担责任，希望得到原谅。A选项“What des saying srry mean(说对不起是什么意思)”可知，本段强调向别人说抱歉，说对不起的意思或者最终的目的是什么，概括本段主要内容，符合语境。故选A。
34．根据前文“If yu feel this is happening, yu had better cmmunicate with them. (如果你觉得这种情况正在发生，你最好与他们沟通。)”可知，此处强调如果发生争吵，要与朋友进行沟通。G选项“Try talking abut why yu argue at first and explain yur feeling(试着谈谈为什么你们一开始会争吵，并解释你的感受)”中解释自己的感受则为沟通的过程，承接前文，符合语境。故选G。
35．根据后文“ It may take time fr smene t understand and frgive.(别人的理解和原谅可能需要时间。)”可知，有时候真挚的道歉并不一定能够得到朋友的原谅。因为别人的理解和原谅可能需要时间。D选项“A genuine aplgy isn’t a magic wand(真诚的道歉不是魔法棒)”引起下文，指出真挚的道歉不是魔法棒，即道歉之后不一定能够得到朋友的原谅，该选项中A genuine aplgy与后文的it形成呼应，符合语境。故选D。
8.（2023上·辽宁·高三校联考期中）
Hw t Welcme Change in Yur Life
D yu embrace the rad yu are nw n r resist and avid change at all csts when a recent event has shaken yu greatly? Here are things yu can d in the midst f uncertainty t chse differently t change the track f yur life.
Dn’t react.
What d we d when we dn’t knw what t d? First, stp, take a deep breath and dn’t d anything. 36 It is having faith and trusting what yu d knw in the unknwn.
Reflect n the past.
Anther activity is t recall times in yur life when yu were faced with an unknwn. Then, think abut hw yu handled the situatin. 37 Use yur past experiences t bring yu strength, and t remind yu what yu are capable f.
Make cnscius decisins.
38 Hwever, mre pssibilities pen up when we are at peace. G ver yur list f what ifs and make a mre balanced list f the best and wrst situatins pssible. Then talk t lved nes abut what yu wuld d in each situatin and the chices yu d have.
39
We ften see fears as ur greatest enemy, yet they prvide us with an enrmus pprtunity fr self-grwth. What if we were t see them as friends wh want t help us becme a better persn? Let yur fears help yu instead f hurting yu. Then, write dwn what cmes t yu. 40
A．Dn’t panic.
B．Befriend yur fears.
C．Yu may be surprised by the answers.
D．When we are fearful, ur ptins seem limited.
E．Then try t feel at ease with the state f “nt knwing”.
F．Learning frm past failures helps yu make better decisins.
G．Remembering these incidents will remind yu that yu’ve gne thrugh difficult situatins.
【答案】36．E 37．G 38．D 39．B 40．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何迎接生活中的变化，选择不同的方式来改变你的生活轨迹。
36．根据前文“What d we d when we dn’t knw what t d? First, stp, take a deep breath and dn’t d anything.(当我们不知道该做什么的时候，我们该怎么办?首先，停下来，深呼吸，什么都不做)”可知，本段主要讲述了不知道该做什么的时候，我们应该怎么办，所以E项“Then try t feel at ease with the state f “nt knwing”.(然后试着对“不知道”的状态感到自在)”符合本段主题，其中nt knwing为同词复现，且和前文构成顺承关系。故选E。
37．本段的主旨是“Reflect n the past.(反思过去)”，根据上文“Anther activity is t recall times in yur life when yu were faced with an unknwn. Then, think abut hw yu handled the situatin.(另一项活动是回忆你生命中面对未知事物的时候。然后，想想你是如何处理这种情况的)”可知，空处应陈述回忆过去经的历的好处。G项“Remembering these incidents will remind yu that yu’ve gne thrugh difficult situatins.(记住这些事件会提醒你，你曾经经历过困难的处境)”符合语境。故选G。
38．根据下文“Hwever, mre pssibilities pen up when we are at peace.(然而，当我们处于平和状态时，可能会有更多的可能性)”可知，Hwever在这里是关键词，上下文是转折关系。由此推知，空处陈述与平和相反的情况，即恐惧时，选择就少。D项“When we are fearful, ur ptins seem limited.(当我们害怕时，我们的选择似乎是有限的)”符合语境，故选D。
39．此空是一个小标题，结合前后段落的标题，可知应为祈使句。根据下文“We ften see fears as ur greatest enemy, yet they prvide us with an enrmus pprtunity fr self-grwth.(我们经常把恐惧看作是我们最大的敌人，然而，它们为我们提供了一个自我成长的巨大机会)”可知，本段建议我们不要把恐惧看成敌人，要做朋友。B项“Befriend yur fears.(与恐惧交朋友)”，fears是关键词，且是祈使句。故选B。
40．根据上文“What if we were t see them as friends wh want t help us becme a better persn? Let yur fears help yu instead f hurting yu. Then, write dwn what cmes t yu.(如果我们把他们视为希望帮助我们成为更好的人的朋友呢？让恐惧帮助你而不是伤害你。然后，写下你所想到的)”可知，上文提出了两个问题，且让我们写下自己想到的。由此推知，空处内容与上两个问题和写下的内容相关。C项“Yu may be surprised by the answers.(你可能会对答案感到惊讶)”符合语境，answers是关键词。故选C。
9.（2023上·江苏·高三校联考期中）
Having a business in retirement has numerus advantages. Yu can generate the extra incme. And as yur wn bss, yu will have the flexibility. Als, yu’ll have the pprtunity t learn new things and meet new peple. 41 Here are the tips.
Understand yur target market. Befre starting yur business, cnduct market research t knw the actual demand fr yur prduct r service. The demand fr yur business’s fferings can significantly influence its success. 42 With this infrmatin, yu’ll be able t tailr yur services and prducts t suit yur custmers’ needs.
Cnsider yur financial needs. 43 But they are usually the mst challenging. Withut sufficient financial resurces, yur business may have a hard time finding its fting. When determining yur financial needs, yu must be realistic.
44 Startups usually have persnal investments by business wners. If yu have adequate savings frm yur wrking years, yu may want t use them t fun d yur business venture. Otherwise, yu can explre an alternative funding surce like a lan.
Have a business plan. Many small business wners underestimate the imprtance f a business plan. 45 But this is nt true. Althugh business plans take a lng time t develp and require a significant amunt f research and data, they are essential fr bth small and large enterprises.
A．Lk at yur funding surces.
B．Find business cperatin if necessary.
C．They feel it’s unnecessary and a waste f time.
D．S hw can yu turn this fantasy int a success?
E．Yu are able t seek utside funding fr yur venture.
F．When starting a new business, yu may want enugh funds.
G．Identify yur target custmers and their purchasing preferences.
【答案】41．D 42．G 43．F 44．A 45．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何创业成功提出了一些建议。
41．根据上文“Having a business in retirement has numerus advantages. Yu can generate the extra incme. And as yur wn bss, yu will have the flexibility. Als, yu’ll have the pprtunity t learn new things and meet new peple.(退休后创业有很多好处。你可以产生额外的收入。作为自己的老板，你会有很大的灵活性。此外，你将有机会学习新事物，结识新朋友)”以及下文“这里是一下建议”可知，本句为过渡句，承上启下说明如何将创业变成现实，故D选项“那么你怎样才能把这个幻想变成成功呢？”符合语境，故选D。
42．根据后文“With this infrmatin, yu’ll be able t tailr yur services and prducts t suit yur custmers’ needs.(有了这些信息，你就可以定制你的服务和产品来满足客户的需求)”可知，本句主要说明满足客户需求之前先要确定目标客户和偏好。故G选项“确定你的目标客户和他们的购买偏好”符合语境，说明的就是下文的this infrmatin，故选G。
43．根据上文“Cnsider yur financial needs.(考虑你的财务需求)”以及后文“But they are usually the mst challenging. Withut sufficient financial resurces, yur business may have a hard time finding its fting. When determining yur financial needs, yu must be realistic.(但它们通常是最具挑战性的。如果没有足够的资金来源，你的生意可能很难站稳脚跟。在确定你的财务需求时，你必须现实一点)”可知，本句主要说明创业需要足够的资金。故F选项“当你开始一项新事业时，你可能需要足够的资金”符合语境，故选F。
44．根据本段内容“Startups usually have persnal investments by business wners. If yu have adequate savings frm yur wrking years, yu may want t use them t fun d yur business venture. Otherwise, yu can explre an alternative funding surce like a lan.(创业公司通常有企业主的个人投资。如果你在工作期间有足够的积蓄，你可能想用它们来为你的商业冒险提供乐趣。否则，您可以探索其他资金来源，如贷款)”可知，本段的主旨是查看资金来源，A选项中funding surces对应后文funding surce。故A选项“看看你的资金来源”符合语境，故选A。
45．根据上文“Many small business wners underestimate the imprtance f a business plan.(许多小企业主低估了商业计划的重要性)”可知，本句承接上文说明低估商业计划重要性的原因：觉得没有必要，而且浪费时间。故C选项“他们觉得没有必要，而且浪费时间”符合语境，故选C。
10.（2023上·广东韶关·高三统考期中）
Accrding t sme recent research, healthy, stable friendships can prtect against depressin and anxiety, increase life satisfactin, and imprve health. Thse wh dn’t have strng scial cnnectins, meanwhile, have a risk f disease. 46 . Hw can they achieve it?Sme experts have shared their favrite ways as fllws.
Invest time cnsistently
Making time fr the peple yu care abut and having shared experiences play an essential rle in deepening friendships. 47 . S yu are suppsed t invest time and effrt. If yu find yu cntinually fail t put in time with yur friends, add a sectin fr cnnectin t yur t-d list and take actin.
Get vulnerable.
One way t grw strnger friendships is allwing yurself t be weak. Start by sharing small pinins, and then dive even deeper by telling yur friends what yu’re currently struggling with and what scares yu. 48 .And eventually, yu and yur friends will be clser tgether.
Mix in smething new
49 .That ges fr bth cnversatins and activities. Carve ut mments f cmmunicatin that yu and yur friends are familiar with. And brainstrm new adventures yu can take n tgether, like traveling t yur shared dream destinatin r jining a sprt team.
50
Every friendship will unavidably arrive at sme situatins that are cncerning: the highs and lws in life that affect hw we label ur relatinships. Were yu there when yur friends gt a prmtin r were diagnsed with smething scary? The answer plays a large rle in determining hw much yu value that friendship. D remember: Yur cmpany matters.
A．Value yur shared memries
B．Shw up fr the imprtant mments
C．Putting new energy int friendship is anther key
D．Obviusly, it’s necessary fr peple t strengthen friendships
E．Yu may feel like yu are burdening peple if yu are vulnerable
F．Being vulnerable cnveys that yu like yur friends and trust them
G．Research suggests that it takes ver 200 hurs t strengthen friendship
【答案】46．D 47．G 48．F 49．C 50．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了巩固友谊的一些方法。
46．根据上句“Thse wh dn’t have strng scial cnnectins, meanwhile, have a risk f disease (与此同时，那些没有强大社会关系的人有患病的风险)”可知，增强友谊是非常的有必要的。D项：Obviusly, it’s necessary fr peple t strengthen friendships(显然，巩固友谊对人们来说是必要的)合乎题意。故选D。
47．根据后句“S yu are suppsed t invest time and effrt (所以你应该投入时间和精力)”由s可知，设空处和后句构成因果关系，说明加强友谊需要投入时间。G项：Research suggests that it takes ver 200 hurs t strengthen friendship(研究表明，加强友谊需要200多个小时)合乎题意。故选G。
48．本段的中心句为“One way t grw strnger friendships is allwing yurself t be weak (建立更牢固友谊的一个方法是允许自己软弱)”，且根据上句“Start by sharing small pinins, and then dive even deeper by telling yur friends what yu’re currently struggling with and what scares yu(从分享一些小的观点开始，然后更深入地告诉你的朋友你目前在挣扎什么，什么让你害怕)”可知，设空处说明向朋友展示自己的脆弱说明了什么，F项：Being vulnerable cnveys that yu like yur friends and trust them(脆弱表明你喜欢你的朋友并信任他们)承接上句，且呼应本段的中心句。故选F。
49．根据后句“Carve ut mments f cmmunicatin that yu and yur friends are familiar with. And brainstrm new adventures yu can take n tgether, like traveling t yur shared dream destinatin r jining a sprt team.(挤出一些你和朋友都熟悉的交流时间。集思广益，你们可以一起进行新的冒险，比如去你们共同的梦想目的地旅行，或者加入一个运动队。)”说明为友谊注入活力的具体内容， C项：Putting new energy int friendship is anther key(为友谊注入新的活力是另一个关键)合乎题意。故选C。
50．设空处概括本段内容，为本段中心句。根据后文“Were yu there when yur friends gt a prmtin r were diagnsed with smething scary? The answer plays a large rle in determining hw much yu value that friendship. D remember: Yur cmpany matters.(当你的朋友升职或被诊断出患有某种可怕的疾病时，你在场吗? 答案在很大程度上决定了你对这段友谊的重视程度。记住：你的陪伴很重要。)”可知，设空处应为在重要的场合，陪伴很重要。B项：Shw up fr the imprtant mments(在重要时刻出现)合乎题意。故选B。
11.（2023·浙江嘉兴·统考一模）
Ensuring that yur hme is as energy-efficient as it can pssibly be is essential. Take the steps listed belw, and yu’ll be living in an energy-efficient hme in n time.
51 T stp it in its tracks, yu must invest in having yur huse insulated (隔热的). Taking such actin may demand sme cst in advance, but it will be sure t save yu ver £100 a year when it cmes t yur energy bills.
The ld bilers (锅炉) are nt as energy-efficient as the very latest mdels in this field. 52 By investing in a tp f the line biler, yu’ll n dubt tap int a number f savings. What’s mre, making this kind f investment will als be sure t lwer yur hme’s carbn emissins.
Only when yu knw hw much energy yu use can yu take actin t be less wasteful and mre resurceful in this instance. 53 T assist yu in taking n this extremely imprtant challenge, yu might want t cnsider fitting an energy mnitr in yur hme. 54 But if yu’re lucky, yur electricity prvider will give yu ne fr free. This mnitr will prvide yu and yur family with cnstant updates n the amunt f energy yu are using n a day-t-day basis.
With just twelve years (nw seven years) t g until climate change alters earth frever, nw is the time fr yu t play yur part in prtecting the planet that yu live in. 55
A．The investment demanded in this instance is significant.
B．Taking such actin will help yu adapt t climate change.
C．Generally, this type f device will cst between £25 and £40.
D．It means yu shuld try t keep track f energy cnsumptin.
E．By putting the abve advice int practice, yu’ll be green sn.
F．Mst f yur hme’s wasted energy will escape thrugh yur rf.
G．It might be high time t update yurs if yu haven’t dne s fr years.
【答案】51．F 52．G 53．D 54．C 55．E
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲怎样让家变得更加节能。
51．由下文“T stp it in its tracks, yu must invest in having yur huse insulated(隔热的). (为了在它的路径上阻止它，你必须投资让房子隔热)”可知，这里指需要阻止房内热量外流。F项Mst f yur hme’s wasted energy will escape thrugh yur rf.(你家里浪费的大部分能源都会从屋顶逃逸出去)符合语境，下文it指代选项中的wasted energy。故选F项。
52．由上文“The ld bilers (锅炉) are nt as energy-efficient as the very latest mdels in this field.(在这个领域，旧锅炉的能效不如最新型号)”可知，旧锅炉更耗能，G项It might be high time t update yurs if yu haven’t dne s fr years.(如果你已经多年没有更新自己的锅炉，现在可能是时候了)符合语境，其中fr years与上文 ld 对应，yurs代指前文The ld bilers，所以本句有承上作用。故选G项。
53．由上文“Only when yu knw hw much energy yu use can yu take actin t be less wasteful and mre resurceful in this instance. (只有当你知道自己消耗了多少能量时，你才能采取行动，减少浪费，在这种情况下更加随机应变的。)”可知，这里讲要了解自己用了多少能量。D项It means yu shuld try t keep track f energy cnsumptin.(这意味着你应该努力跟踪能源消耗情况)符合语境，其中 keep track f energy cnsumptin与上文knw hw much energy yu use 对应。有承上作用。故选D项。
54．由下文“But if yu’re lucky, yur electricity prvider will give yu ne fr free. This mnitr will prvide yu and yur family with cnstant updates n the amunt f energy yu are using n a day-t-day basis.(但如果你幸运的话，你的电力供应商会免费给你一台。这款监控器将为你和你的家人提供日常能源消耗量的持续更新)”推知，空处指出监控的价格不是特别便宜，但如果运气好的话，电力供应商会免费提供。C项Generally, this type f device will cst between £25 and £40.(一般来说，这种设备的价格在25到40英镑之间)符合语境，其中 £25 and £40与下文fr free对应，都在讲花费在这设备上钱的问题，所以本句有启下作用。故选C项。
55．由上文“With just twelve years (nw seven years) t g until climate change alters earth frever, nw is the time fr yu t play yur part in prtecting the planet that yu live in. (离气候变化永远改变地球只有12年(现在是7年)了，现在是时候让你为保护你所居住的星球发挥你的作用了)”可知，作者号召读者保护地球，E项By putting the abve advice int practice, yu’ll be green sn.(把以上建议付诸实践，你很快就会变得更环保)符合语境，其中 the abve advice指上面的建议，对上文有总结作用。故选E项。
12.（2023上·陕西咸阳·高三统考期中）
The develpment and keeping f a strng friendship relies n the effrts f tw parties. Bth members shuld share the respnsibility f develping a healthy friendship. 56 . Yur friend is als respnsible fr giving the same level f care t yu.
57 . Yu shuld help yur friends with prblem-slving and respect their decisins. Gd friends are nt judgmental and they attempt t ffer advice n cmplicated life events. The presence f these factrs als helps create an envirnment where bth parties feel cared fr and admired.
The develpment f hnesty and trust in a friendship helps thse invlved feel cmfrtable when they cmmunicate with each ther. Mutual (相互的) hnesty between friends helps build a slid relatinship and encurages directness. Hnesty als leads t trust, which is anther imprtant quality. 58 .
Thugh it is a simple task, listening is very imprtant in a friendship. Making an effrt t listen t yur friend is a frm f respect. It als shws that yu actually want t learn abut smething imprtant t yur friend. 59 , yu can ask questins, maintain eye cntact and prvide feedback (反馈) n the subject.
Yu shuld make yur friend feel accepted by including him r her in activities that yu bth enjy. 60 . Having fun and feeling cmfrtable are basic characteristics f a true friendship. There are ther benefits that can result frm a strng and enjyable friendship such as increasing happiness and encuraging healthy habits.
A．If yu want t shw that yu are listening
B．T develp a true friendship, yu shuld treat yur friend the way yu are expected t be treated
C．When yu dn’t want t listen t them
D．Sharing whatever yu have in cmmn can g a lng way in a true friendship
E．In a friendship, it is imprtant t be supprtive during difficult times
F．Try t accept yur friend’s pinins even if yu disagree with him r her
G．Yu shuld believe in yur friend and expect the same in return
【答案】56．B 57．E 58．G 59．A 60．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了牢固的友谊需要双方共同努力，同时双方都有责任来发展健康的友谊。在一段友谊中，在困难时刻对朋友给予支持很重要。朋友之间的忠诚和信任也有助于建立牢固的关系。
56．根据上文“Bth members shuld share the respnsibility f develping a healthy friendship.(双方都应该共同承担发展健康友谊的责任)”以及下文“Yur friend is als respnsible fr giving the same level f care t yu.(你的朋友也同样有责任给予你同样程度的关爱)”可知，空格处应描述为了保持和发展友谊，“你”应该怎么做；选项B. T develp a true friendship, yu shuld treat yur friend the way yu are expected t be treated(要发展一段真正的友谊，你应该以你希望被对待的方式对待你的朋友)描述“你”应该怎么做。故选B。
57．根据下文“Yu shuld help yur friends with prblem-slving and respect their decisins. Gd friends are nt judgmental and attempt t ffer advice n cmplicated life events. (你应该帮助你的朋友解决问题，尊重他们的决定。好朋友不会妄加评判，会在复杂的生活事件上提供建议)”可知，本段主要说明在一段友谊中，在困难时刻对朋友给予支持很重要；选项E. In a friendship, it is imprtant t be supprtive during difficult times. (在友谊中，在困难时期给予支持是很重要的)中的“supprtive during difficult times”与下文“help yur friends with prblem-slving”以及“attempt t ffer advice n cmplicated life events”相呼应。故选E。
58．根据上文“The develpment f hnesty and trust in a friendship helps thse invlved feel cmfrtable when they cmmunicate with each ther. Mutual (相互的) hnesty between friends helps build a slid relatinship and encurages directness. Hnesty als leads t trust, which is anther imprtant quality. (友谊中诚实和信任的发展有助于人们在彼此交流时感到舒适。朋友之间的相互诚实有助于建立牢固的关系并鼓励坦率。诚实也会带来信任，这是另一个重要的品质)”可知，诚实和信任在友谊中是重要的，朋友之间的相互诚实有助于建立牢固的关系，同时诚实也会带来信任。所以空格处应对上文作总结，讲述我们应该信任朋友；选项G. Yu shuld believe in yur friend and expect the same in return(你应该相信你的朋友，并期望得到同样的回报)中的“believe in”承接上文中“trust”，并总结上文。故选G。
59．根据下文“yu can ask questins, maintain eye cntact and prvide feedback(反馈)n the subject. ”以及空格后的标点符号可知，空格后的句子为主句，所以空格处应为状语从句，且表示条件；选项A. If yu want t shw that yu are listening(如果你想表示你在听)为if引导的条件状语从句，且句中“want t shw that yu are listening”衔接下文“can ask questins, maintain eye cntact and prvide feedback”。故选A。
60．根据上文“Yu shuld make yur friend feel accepted by including him r her in activities that yu bth enjy.(你应该让你的朋友感到被接受，让他或她参加你们都喜欢的活动)”可知，空格处应承接上文描述有共同兴趣和爱好的重要性；选项D. Sharing whatever yu have in cmmn can g a lng way in a true friendship(无论你们有什么共同点，分享都可以帮助你们建立真正的友谊)中的“whatever yu have in cmmn”与上文“activities that yu bth enjy”相呼应。故选D。
13.（2022上·辽宁大连·高三校联考期中）
It is inevitable that we cme acrss prblems in ur daily life in schl. They may be relatinship prblems r difficulty with ur study. 61 As lng as yu are breathing, the prblems can be settled.
62
Firstly, it is imprtant t have a gd idea f the prblem. Knwing the prblem means slving half the prblem itself. Fllwing questins like why, what, hw, when, where and wh will help yu find the rt cause f the prblem.
Analyze the prblem.
By analyzing the prblem, yu will be given time t think f a prper slutin. 63 They can be diagrams (饼状图), flwcharts r lists and s n.
Plan a strategy.
Planning a strategy will help yu waste less energy and time in attempting all the slutins. 64 In this way, yu can abandn the strategy that yu dn’t find wrthy t apply.
Delete irrelevant infrmatin.
Leave ut the infrmatin that is nt required fr the slving f the prblem. Yu need t be accurate with the details. Keep the unrelated infrmatin can smetimes cmplicate the simple prblems as we tend t verlk the imprtant infrmatin.
Carry ut the slutin.
Putting the slutin int effect in a crrect way t get the result expected is imprtant while slving a prblem. Yu need t be creative while actualizing a slutin just in case sme ther prblem arises while applying the slutin. 65
A．Use yes r n questins t get better infrmatin.
B．Being ready with alternatives is als imprtant fr fear that a slutin wrks nly halfway.
C．Be aware f the prblem.
D．As a cnsequence, yu will benefit frm simple prblems.
E．Dn’t wrry.
F．This step includes knwing the weaknesses and strengths f emplying a slutin.
G．Yu can use varius tls t study the prblems.
【答案】61．E 62．C 63．G 64．F 65．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了解决学校的日常生活中不可避免的问题的具体方法。
61．前文“It is inevitable that we cme acrss prblems in ur daily life in schl. They may be relatinship prblems r difficulty with ur study. (我们在学校的日常生活中遇到问题是不可避免的。他们可能是关系问题或我们学习上的困难)”引出话题，指出学校生活中问题不可避免，后文“As lng as yu are breathing, the prblems can be settled. (只要你还活着，问题就能解决)”告诫问题可以解决，空处起到衔接的作用，可能是安慰的话。E项“Dn’t wrry. (别担心)”符合语境，承前启后。故选E。
62．空处是段落标题，需统领段落内容，且需和其他段落标题一样使用祈使句的形式。根据后文“Firstly, it is imprtant t have a gd idea f the prblem. Knwing the prblem means slving half the prblem itself. Fllwing questins like why, what, hw, when, where and wh will help yu find the rt cause f the prblem. (首先，对问题有一个很好的了解是很重要的。了解问题本身意味着解决了问题的一半。下面这些问题，如为什么、是什么、如何、何时、何地和谁，将帮助你找到问题的根本原因)”可知，本段建议首先要了解问题。C项“Be aware f the prblem. (要意识到这个问题)”符合语境，契合段落内容。故选C。
63．前文“By analyzing the prblem, yu will be given time t think f a prper slutin. (通过分析问题，你会有时间去想一个合适的解决方案)”说明分析问题的好处，后文“They can be diagrams (饼状图), flwcharts r lists and s n. (它们可以是饼状图、流程图或列表等等)”举例罗列分析的工具，空处应该会提及分析问题的工具。G项“Yu can use varius tls t study the prblems. (你可以使用各种工具来研究这些问题)”符合语境，引出后文内容，其中的tls和后文的diagrams、flwcharts和lists呼应。故选G。
64．前文“Planning a strategy will help yu waste less energy and time in attempting all the slutins. (制定策略可以帮助你在尝试所有解决方案时减少浪费精力和时间)”说明制定策略的好处，后文“In this way, yu can abandn the strategy that yu dn’t find wrthy t apply. (通过这种方式，你可以放弃你认为不值得应用的策略)”评估一种方式的价值，空处起到衔接的作用，可能涉及制定策略的具体做法。F项“This step includes knwing the weaknesses and strengths f emplying a slutin. (这一步包括了解采用解决方案的缺点和优点)”符合语境，承前启后，其中的This step指代前文的Planning a strategy，knwing the weaknesses and strengths f emplying a slutin是后文this way所指的内容。故选F。
65．前文“Putting the slutin int effect in a crrect way t get the result expected is imprtant while slving a prblem. Yu need t be creative while actualizing a slutin just in case sme ther prblem arises while applying the slutin. (在解决问题时，以正确的方式实施解决方案以获得预期的结果非常重要。在实施解决方案时，你需要有创造力，以防在应用解决方案时出现其他问题)”指出正确实施方案的重要性，建议要有创造力，空处承接前文，可能会涉及另一个确保正确实施的建议。B项“Being ready with alternatives is als imprtant fr fear that a slutin wrks nly halfway. (准备好替代方案也很重要，以免解决方案只能起到一半的作用)”符合语境，与正确实施方案相关。故选B。
14.（2023上·山东淄博·高三统考期中）
Hw t Bst Yur Memry
The brain might be the place where memries are stred, and its memry capacity can be enlarged. 66 Taking steps t imprve yur lifestyle in the fllwing fur areas will help keep yur mind sharp.
● 67 Exercise helps with the activity f brain cells and als helps reduce the risk f brain diseases. It als helps brain cells repair themselves and their cnnectins t ther brain cells. Memry can imprve in bth brain-healthy lder adults and with mild brain disrder after a 12-week exercise prgram.
●Getting sugar frm fruits and vegetables instead f prducts with added sugars is healthier fr bdy and brain. T much sugar restricts bld flw t the brain and can even cause brain illness. The real brain fds are thse called the mind diet. 68
●Sleep is critical fr memry frmatin, especially lng-term memry frmatin. That’s because when yu’re asleep, the brain, runs the tape f what it recrded during the day, gets rid f infrmatin that isn’t relevant and then stres ther infrmatin fr the lng term. 69 The mre yu can keep a regular sleep schedule, the better ff yur brain and the rest f yu will be.
●Challenging yur brain is f great benefit, t. Maybe yu’re a crazy bridge player, a crsswrd puzzle lver r a regular lecturer. 70 T get the mst memry bst ut f puzzles r intellectual activities, the key is t keep things fresh and challenging. New and challenging activities help frm new pathways in the brain.
A．Regular physical activities prtect memry and thinking skills.
B．All the mentally engaging activities can help keep ur minds active.
C．Exercise can build yur bdy and imprve yur wrking efficiency.
D．Many lifestyle factrs can have a psitive effect n prmting yur memry.
E．It emphasizes brain healthy intake f nutrients instead f high calries r sugars.
F．That’s why peple diagnsed with sleep disrders are at higher risk f memry decline.
G．Lng-term memry is essential fr students wh need t master large amunts f knwledge.
【答案】66．D 67．A 68．E 69．F 70．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何提高你的记忆力提出了一些建议。
66．根据上文“The brain might be the place where memries are stred, and its memry capacity can be enlarged.(大脑可能是存储记忆的地方，它的记忆容量可以扩大)”以及后文“Taking steps t imprve yur lifestyle in the fllwing fur areas will help keep yur mind sharp.(在以下四个方面采取措施改善你的生活方式将有助于保持你的思维敏捷)”可知，本句主要承上启下，说明生活方式对大脑记忆力的影响。故D选项“许多生活方式因素对提高记忆力有积极影响”符合语境，故选D。
67．根据后文“Exercise helps with the activity f brain cells and als helps reduce the risk f brain diseases. It als helps brain cells repair themselves and their cnnectins t ther brain cells. Memry can imprve in bth brain-healthy lder adults and with mild brain disrder after a 12-week exercise prgram.(锻炼有助于脑细胞的活动，也有助于降低患脑部疾病的风险。它还能帮助脑细胞修复自身以及与其他脑细胞的连接。经过12周的锻炼计划，大脑健康的老年人和轻度大脑紊乱的人的记忆力都能得到改善)”可知，本段的主旨是锻炼对记忆力的影响。故A选项“规律的体育活动可以保护记忆力和思维能力”符合语境，故选A。
68．根据上文“The real brain fds are thse called the mind diet.(真正的健脑食物是那些被称为“健脑饮食”的食物)”可知，本句承接上文说明“健脑饮食”的特点：强调大脑健康的营养摄入，而不是高热量或糖。故E选项“它强调大脑健康的营养摄入，而不是高热量或糖”符合语境，it指代空格前的mind diet。故选E。
69．根据上文“Sleep is critical fr memry frmatin, especially lng-term memry frmatin. That’s because when yu’re asleep, the brain, runs the tape f what it recrded during the day, gets rid f infrmatin that isn’t relevant and then stres ther infrmatin fr the lng term.(睡眠对记忆的形成至关重要，尤其是长期记忆的形成。这是因为当你睡着的时候，大脑会回放白天录制的内容，去掉不相关的信息，然后长期存储其他信息)”以及后文“The mre yu can keep a regular sleep schedule, the better ff yur brain and the rest f yu will be.(你越能保持规律的睡眠时间表，你的大脑和你的其他部分就越好)”可知，本句总结上文，指出睡眠对记忆力的影响。故F选项“这就是为什么被诊断患有睡眠障碍的人记忆力下降的风险更高”符合语境，故选F。
70．根据上文“Challenging yur brain is f great benefit, t. Maybe yu’re a crazy bridge player, a crsswrd puzzle lver r a regular lecturer.(挑战你的大脑也有很大的好处。也许你是一个疯狂的桥牌玩家，一个填字游戏爱好者，或者一个定期的讲师)”以及后文“T get the mst memry bst ut f puzzles r intellectual activities, the key is t keep things fresh and challenging. New and challenging activities help frm new pathways in the brain.(要想从谜题或智力活动中获得最大的记忆提升，关键是要保持事物的新鲜感和挑战性。新的和具有挑战性的活动有助于在大脑中形成新的通路)”可知，本段的主旨是通过一些脑力活动来保持思维的活跃。故B选项“所有的脑力活动都能帮助我们保持思维活跃”符合语境，故选B。
15.（2023上·湖南岳阳·高三校联考阶段练习）
Visual cntent has becme an essential part f digital marketing in tday’s wrld. 71 . It als cnveys messages that are easily understd. Let’s have a lk at the imprtance f visual cntent in tday’s digital marketing landscape.
72
Frm a business’s pint f view, visuals are respnsible fr bsting engagement n any cntent piece yu publish acrss multiple media channels, especially scial media platfrms where such things matter the mst. S t make the mst ut f visual cntent, it’s imprtant t fcus n creating high-quality visuals that are bth visually appealing and infrmative.
The impact f visual cntent n first impressins
Visual cntent has a huge impact n first impressins and thse are f the utmst imprtance. Peple are naturally drawn t visuals. 73 . As a matter f fact, it nly takes cnsumers arund 50 millisecnds t frm a first impressin based n the visuals they see alne.
Visual cntent in prduct descriptins
74 . Althugh cnsumers expect detailed infrmatin abut the prduct, they still prefer t have high-quality images r vides f a prduct t help them frm their decisins. Sme businesses even use a prfessinal pht studi t highlight their prducts the best way pssible.
Redefining cntent marketing with visuals
Cntent marketing has always been the bread and butter fr the vast majrity f cmpanies perating nline these days. Cnsumers started expecting mre and their needs are cnstantly grwing. 75 .
A．It is a pwerful tl fr engaging custmers
B．Crafting unique cntent marketing strategies
C．Creating mre engagement with visual cntent
D．Cntent marketing management cunts fr custmers
E．They can quickly frm an pinin abut smething based n what they see
F．That’s why nline businesses always try t adjust their cntent using mre visuals
G．If there’s ne place in which visuals matter the mst, it’s in prduct descriptins
【答案】71．A 72．C 73．E 74．G 75．F
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了视觉内容在今天的数字营销中的重要性。
71．上文“Visual cntent has becme an essential part f digital marketing in tday’s wrld.(在当今世界，视觉内容已经成为数字营销的重要组成部分)”指出视觉内容已经成为数字营销的重要组成部分，空处承接上文，具体描述视觉内容如何是数字营销的重要组成部分，A项“它是吸引客户的强大工具”符合，It代指上文提到的Visual cntent，故选A。
72．此处是本段小标题。根据下文“Frm a business’s pint f view, visuals are respnsible fr bsting engagement n any cntent piece yu publish acrss multiple media channels, especially scial media platfrms where such things matter the mst. S t make the mst ut f visual cntent, it’s imprtant t fcus n creating high-quality visuals that are bth visually appealing and infrmative.(从企业的角度来看，视觉效果负责提高你在多个媒体渠道上发布的任何内容的参与度，尤其是这些内容最重要的社交媒体平台。因此，为了最大限度地利用视觉内容，重要的是要专注于创造高质量的视觉吸引力和信息丰富的视觉效果)”可知，视觉效果负责提高你在多个媒体渠道上发布的任何内容的参与度，因此我们要专注于创造视觉内容，由此可知，本段主要介绍了要创建更多的视觉内容参与，C项“创建更多的视觉内容参与”符合，故选C。
73．上文“Visual cntent has a huge impact n first impressins and thse are f the utmst imprtance. Peple are naturally drawn t visuals.(视觉内容对第一印象有着巨大的影响，而第一印象是至关重要的。人们自然而然地被视觉吸引)”指出视觉内容对第一印象至关重要，空处承接上文，具体解释其重要性，E项“他们可以根据所看到的迅速形成对某事的看法”
74．根据下文“Althugh cnsumers expect detailed infrmatin abut the prduct, they still prefer t have high-quality images r vides f a prduct t help them frm their decisins. Sme businesses even use a prfessinal pht studi t highlight their prducts the best way pssible.(尽管消费者希望得到产品的详细信息，但他们仍然更喜欢产品的高质量图片或视频，以帮助他们做出决定。一些企业甚至使用专业的摄影工作室来突出他们的产品最好的方式可能)”可知，此处在介绍产品说明的视觉内容，G项“如果说有一个地方视觉效果最重要，那就是产品说明。”符合，其中prduct descriptins和题干中“prduct descriptins”相呼应，故选G。
75．上文“Cntent marketing has always been the bread and butter fr the vast majrity f cmpanies perating nline these days. Cnsumers started expecting mre and their needs are cnstantly grwing.(如今，内容营销一直是绝大多数在线运营公司的主要业务。消费者开始期望更多，他们的需求也在不断增长)”讲述消费者开始期待更多，但他们的需求也在不断增长，空处承接上文，指出企业要尽可能想办法满足消费者的需求，F项“这就是为什么在线商务总是试图使用更多的视觉效果来调整他们的内容”符合，上文是空处的原因，即在线商务总是试图使用更多的视觉效果来调整他们的内容，以此来满足消费者的需求，故选F。
16.（2023上·湖北·高三校联考阶段练习）
Life isn’t fair. Sme peple just seem blessed with the ability t effrtlessly charm anyne they meet. Well, it might seem like a magical pwer, but in fact there are a number f factrs at wrk. 76 The answer is: t a large extent, yes yu can.
But first, the bad news. Peple initially judge each ther based purely n physical appearance. With just a glimpse f a face, peple make snap judgments abut each ther’s likeability, trustwrthiness and cnfidence. Hw shuld we deal with this? 77 Peple perceive a smiling face as mre trustwrthy, warmer and sciable. It sunds like cmmn sense, desn’t it? Smile and thers will smile with yu.
What ther tricks might we have? 78 Cnsequently, three things we can d t signal that we are nt a threat: raise ur eyebrws quickly, tilt (仰起) ur heads slightly, and nce again, t smile.
S we’ve lked at bdy language, but f curse what yu say is hugely imprtant t, unless yu want t just stand there grinning flishly. The glden rule f friendship is if yu make peple feel gd abut themselves, they’re ging t like yu. In ther wrds, yu shuld nt talk abut yurself and all yur wnderful achievements. 79
Finally, finding cmmn grund is gd t frm a cnnectin. Charming peple are particularly skilled at seeking ut shared interests r experiences t bnd with thers. Simple things like asking where smene’s frm really can pen up a discussin and allw yu t find areas in cmmn. And if all else fails, yu can fall back n that mst British f tpics: the weather. 80
A．It can be a nice start f a cnversatin.
B．Instead, yu need t shw interest in them.
C．There’s ne incredibly simple tl: yur smile.
D．S, can yu learn t develp superhuman charm?
E．What gd tricks can we emply t becme charming?
F．Shared interests are the key t making cnnectins with thers.
G．Our brains ften survey the envirnment fr friend r enemy signals.
【答案】76．D 77．C 78．G 79．B 80．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一些让人变得魅力四射的方法。
76．下文“The answer is: t a large extent, yes yu can.”（答案是:在很大程度上，你可以。）可知，下文是对上文的回答，而回答“yes yu can”可知上文为一般疑问句，D项“S, can yu learn t develp superhuman charm?”（所以，你能学会发展超人的魅力吗?）是一般疑问句，句意衔接恰当。故选D项。
77．上文“Hw shuld we deal with this?”（我们应该如何处理这个问题?）提出疑问，C项“There’s ne incredibly simple tl: yur smile.”（有一个非常简单的工具:你的微笑。）给出具体的解决方法，衔接下文“Peple perceive a smiling face as mre trustwrthy, warmer and sciable.”（人们认为有笑脸的人更值得信赖、更温暖、更善于交际。）说明微笑的好处。故选C项。
78．下文“Cnsequently, three things we can d t signal that we are nt a threat: raise ur eyebrws quickly, tilt ur heads slightly, and nce again, t smile.”（因此，我们可以做三件事来表明我们不是威胁:迅速扬起眉毛，微微倾斜头，再一次微笑。）说明我们需要做一些事情来表明我们不是威胁，G项“Our brains ften survey the envirnment fr friend r enemy signals.”（我们的大脑会审视周围的环境寻找是敌是友的信号。）构成下文需要做一些事情来表明我们不是威胁的原因，衔接恰当。故选G项。
79．上文“In ther wrds, yu shuld nt talk abut yurself and all yur wnderful achievements.”（换句话说，你不应该谈论你自己和你所有的辉煌成就。）说明想对方接纳我们，就不应该只是聊自己的成就，B项“Instead, yu need t shw interest in them.”（相反，你需要表现出对他们的兴趣。）衔接上文，引出正确的做法是要关注对方，衔接恰当。故选B项。
80．上文“And if all else fails, yu can fall back n that mst British f tpics: the weather.”（如果这些都失败了，你可以回到最英式的话题:天气。）说明“天气”是一个非常有用的话题，A项“It can be a nice start f a cnversatin.”（这是一个很好的开始。）中“It”指代上文“that mst British f tpics: the weather”衔接恰当。故选A项。
17.（2023·安徽·池州市第一中学校联考模拟预测）Think abut the last time yu felt a negative emtin — like stress, anger, r frustratin. 81 Was yur mind cluttered (凌乱) with thughts? Or was it paralyzed, unable t think?
The next time yu find yurself in the middle f a very stressful time, r yu feel angry r frustrated, stp. Whatever yu’re ding, stp and sit fr ne minute. 82 Take the entire minute t d nthing else but feel that emtin.
If yu feel yu need t hld n t the emtin fr a little lnger, that is OK. 83 When yu feel yu’ve had enugh f the emtin, ask yurself if yu’re willing t carry that negativity with yu fr the rest f the day. If nt, take a deep breath. As yu d that, release all that negativity with yur breath.
This exercise seems simple — almst t simple. 84 By allwing that negative emtin the space t be truly felt, yu are dealing with the emtin rather than stuffing it dwn and trying nt t feel it. 85 When yu lse yurself in the emtin, and realize that it is nly emtin, it lses its cntrl. Yu can clear yur head and prceed with yur task. Try it. Next time yu’re in the middle f a negative emtin, give yurself the space t feel the emtin and see what happens.
Remember t take the time yu need t really immerse yurself in the emtin. Then, when yu feel yu’ve felt it enugh, release it — really let g f it. Yu will be surprised at hw quickly yu can mve n frm a negative situatin and get t what yu really want t d!
A．Yet it is very effective.
B．This will remind yu f the steps t the prcess.
C．Allw yurself anther minute t feel the emtin.
D．What was ging thrugh yur mind as yu were underging that negativity?
E．While yu’re sitting there, cmpletely immerse yurself in the negative emtin.
F．Are yu willing t keep hlding n t this negative emtin as yu g thrugh the rest f the day?
G．Yu are actually taking away the pwer f the emtin by giving it the space and attentin it needs.
【答案】81．D 82．E 83．C 84．A 85．G
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文讲述了一种在遇见消极情绪的时候，人们所采用的一种面对的方法。
81．根据前文“Think abut the last time yu felt a negative emtin — like stress, anger, r frustratin.(想想你最近一次感受到的负面情绪，比如压力、愤怒或沮丧)”以及后文“Was yur mind cluttered (凌乱) with thughts? Or was it paralyzed, unable t think?(你的脑子里是不是满是杂念?还是它瘫痪了，无法思考？)”可知，此处讲述了感受到负面情绪时，心理的想法，所以D项“What was ging thrugh yur mind as yu were underging that negativity?(当你经历那种消极情绪时，你的脑子里在想什么？)”能够承上启下，符合文意。故选D项。
82．根据前文“Whatever yu’re ding, stp and sit fr ne minute.(不管你在做什么，停下来坐一分钟)”以及后文“Take the entire minute t d nthing else but feel that emtin.(花整整一分钟的时间去感受那种情绪，什么也不做)”可知，此处在讲述感受到负面情绪时，坐下好好感受下，所以E项“While yu’re sitting there, cmpletely immerse yurself in the negative emtin.(当你坐在那里的时候，让自己完全沉浸在消极情绪中)”能够承上启下，符合文意。故选E项。
83．根据前文“If yu feel yu need t hld n t the emtin fr a little lnger, that is OK.(如果你觉得你需要把这种情绪憋得更久一点，那也没关系)”以及后文“When yu feel yu’ve had enugh f the emtin, ask yurself if yu’re willing t carry that negativity with yu fr the rest f the day.(当你觉得自己已经受够了这种情绪时，问问自己是否愿意在今天剩下的时间里一直带着这种消极情绪)”可知，此处讲述，如果感受负面情绪时间不够，可以延长，没有关系，所以C项“Allw yurself anther minute t feel the emtin.(再给自己一分钟的时间去感受那种情绪)”符合文意。故选C项。
84．设空位于段首句之后，应是对前一句的进一步说明，根据前文“This exercise seems simple — almst t simple.(这个练习看起来很简单——几乎是太简单了)”可知，A项“Yet it is very effective.(但它非常有效)”能够承接上文，符合文意，虽然简单但是有效，是对前文的进一步说明。故选A项。
85．根据前文“By allwing that negative emtin the space t be truly felt, yu are dealing with the emtin rather than stuffing it dwn and trying nt t feel it.(通过给自己空间去真正感受消极情绪，你是在处理这种情绪，而不是把它压在心里，试图不去感受它)”以及后文“When yu lse yurself in the emtin, and realize that it is nly emtin, it lses its cntrl. Yu can clear yur head and prceed with yur task. Try it. Next time yu’re in the middle f a negative emtin, give yurself the space t feel the emtin and see what happens.(当你在情绪中迷失自我，并意识到它只是情绪时，它就失去了控制。你可以清理你的头脑，继续你的任务。试一试。下次当你处于消极情绪中时，给自己一些空间去感受这种情绪，看看会发生什么)”可知，此处指给负面情绪一定的空间和关注，所以G项“Yu are actually taking away the pwer f the emtin by giving it the space and attentin it needs.(你实际上是在通过给予它所需的空间和关注来消除这种情绪的力量)”能够承上启下，符合文意。故选G项。
18.（2023上·浙江·高三校联考阶段练习）
Five Simple Ways t Make Yur Life Tgether Better
The fast-paced life changed the way cuples live tgether. Mst f the time, peple say they are feeling stressed. Experts say the fllwing are sme ways t imprve life tgether.
Keep Track f the Gd Stuff
What wrks? Examples include cmpliments, gdbye kisses, buying flwers, and cking meals. 86 . Anger takes things dwnhill. Laughing, smiling, and saying nice things make disagreements easier t get past.
Hld Hands
87 . Hand hlding als lwers stress. Research shws that hlding hands takes sme stress away frm the persn in pain. Spend hand-hlding time talking abut things that are n yur mind. It may be things like mney, kids, r wrk.
Read t Each Other
Why? Peple grw clser when they share thughts and ideas. Reading alud is a way t experience smething new tgether. Yu will enjy reading t smene and having them read t yu. Each partner picks a favrite stry. 88 . Take nte f yur partner’s vice.
89
Write dwn ne r tw f yur partner’s annying habits. They may be small things like nt paying bills r drpping clthes n the flr. Talk abut thse things, but d nt be critical. Try t find reasns why they happen.Practice Gratitude Tgether.
Write dwn three things abut yur partner fr which yu feel grateful. Talk abut these mments and hw they make yu feel mre cnnected t each ther. Shwing gratitude is a cmmn way t bst happiness and fitness. 90 .
A．Write t each ther
B．Accept the Small Prblems
C．D nt nly listen t the wrds
D．Tuching is a gd way t cnnect
E．Psitive wrds and actins wrk much better than negative nes
F．Take regular mments t shw hw thankful yu are t yur partner
G．It helps us get better sleep and can even smetimes reduce bld pressure
【答案】86．E 87．D 88．C 89．B 90．G
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了让夫妻生活更美好的五个简单的方法。
86．前文“What wrks? Examples include cmpliments, gdbye kisses, buying flwers, and cking meals. (什么是有用的?例如赞美、吻别、买花和做饭。)”提到了一些具体的积极做法来让生活变得美好，后文“Anger takes things dwnhill.(愤怒会让事情每况愈下。)”提到消极的做法带来的不利影响，E项(积极的言行比消极的要有效得多)符合语境，选项中的积极言行指的是上文的具体做法，且引出下文“愤怒让情况变得更糟”。故选E项。
87．后文“Hand hlding als lwers stress. Research shws that hlding hands takes sme stress away frm the persn in pain. (牵手也能降低压力。研究表明，牵手可以减轻疼痛者的压力。）提到了牵手的好处，D项(触摸是一种很好的沟通方式。)符合题意，即通过肢体接触来减压，故选D项。
88．前文“Peple grw clser when they share thughts and ideas. Reading alud is a way t experience smething new tgether. Yu will enjy reading t smene and having them read t yu. Each partner picks a favrite stry. (当人们分享思想和观点时，他们会变得更亲密。大声朗读是一种共同体验新事物的方式。你会喜欢读书给别人听，也会喜欢别人读给你听。每个伴侣选一个自己最喜欢的故事。)”提到了倾听对方阅读可以让人感觉舒适。后文“Take nte f yur partner’s vice. (注意你的伴侣的声音)”提到了伴侣声音的重要性，由此可知，听对方朗读时不要只注意内容，还要关注伴侣的声音。C项(不要只听话语内容)符合题意，承上启下。故选C项。
89．本段“Write dwn ne r tw f yur partner’s annying habits. They may be small things like nt paying bills r drpping clthes n the flr. Talk abut thse things, but d nt be critical. Try t find reasns why they happen. Practice gratitude tgether. (写下你的伴侣的一两个烦人的习惯。它们可能是小事，比如不付账单或把衣服扔在地板上。谈论这些事情，但不要吹毛求疵。试着找出它们发生的原因。一起练习感恩。)”提到了接受伴侣生活中存在的问题从而寻求解决的办法，B项(接受小问题)能够概括本段内容，适合作为段落标题，故选B项。
90．前文“Write dwn three things abut yur partner fr which yu feel grateful. Talk abut these mments and hw they make yu feel mre cnnected t each ther. Shwing gratitude is a cmmn way t bst happiness and fitness. (写下三件你对你的伴侣感到感激的事情。谈谈这些时刻，以及它们是如何让你觉得彼此之间的联系更紧密的。表达感激之情是提升幸福感和健康的一种常见方式。)”提到了向伴侣表示感激之情的总体好处所在，G项(它可以帮助我们获得更好的睡眠，有时甚至可以降低血压。)承接上文，具体地指出了好处的表现，故选G项。
19.（2023上·浙江绍兴·高三统考阶段练习）
Chsing the Right Career
Yu will be leaving this schl and the unavidable questin many peple will ask yu is, “ 91 ” Sme f yu may have already decided n a career path, but many f yu still dn’t have a clue! Here are sme things yu might want t cnsider.
First, des the career yu are cnsidering have staying pwer? 92 Rapid technlgical change is disruptive (扰乱性的), and we need t be frward-lking at ur future prspects. While many ccupatins are being taken ver by new technlgy, jbs that require high-level f critical thinking, emtinal intelligence and human interactin, remain in high demand. These jbs are nt easily replaced by machines r technlgy. S think carefully abut this befre yu chse yur prfessinal path.
Secnd, chse a career that interests yu. Sme peple might think this is unimprtant, but if yu are truly passinate abut yur jb then ging t wrk every day wn’t seem a chre. 93 Befre making a chice, yu shuld examine yur values, skills and persnality type. This can help yu decide if a career path is a gd fit fr yu.
Third, f curse yu will want t cnsider yur chsen prfessin’s earning pwer. Althugh high pay play s a part, yu shuld knw that a jb with a big salary will likely require mre time t get t the tp, much mre effrt and a higher level f stress. 94 If yu have interests utside f wrk, r are struggling with ther demands in yur life, yu might want t chse a less demanding line f wrk.
95 Let me leave yu with an ld saying: “Chse a jb yu lve, and yu will never have t wrk a day in yur life.”
A．Yu are n the right track.
B．S, what d yu want t be?
C．Will it be in demand in 20 years’ time?
D．It’s als likely that yu will stay and grw in this career.
E．They simply want yu t be the best f the best t yur best ability.
F．Only the truly mtivated will likely t be able t meet these challenges.
G．Thinking abut a life-lng career at this stage in yur life is surely disturbing.
【答案】91．B 92．C 93．D 94．F 95．G
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何选择自己未来的职业提出了一些参考意见。
91．根据上文“Yu will be leaving this schl and the unavidable questin many peple will ask yu is(你即将离开这所学校，许多人会问你一个不可避免的问题)”以及后文“Sme f yu may have already decided n a career path, but many f yu still dn’t have a clue! Here are sme things yu might want t cnsider.(你们中的一些人可能已经决定了职业道路，但你们中的许多人仍然没有线索！这里有一些你可能需要考虑的事情)”可知，本句主要说明上文提到的不可避免的问题是什么：你想干什么职业？故B选项“那么，你想做什么？”符合语境，故选B。
92．根据上文“First, des the career yu are cnsidering have staying pwer?(首先，你正在考虑的职业是否具有持久力？)”可知，本句与上文并列，都是对职业的设问，且上文提到了职业的持久力，可知本句具体假设：20年后还会有需求吗？故C选项“20年后还会有需求吗？”符合语境，引出下文“Rapid technlgical change is disruptive (扰乱性的), and we need t be frward-lking at ur future prspects. While many ccupatins are being taken ver by new technlgy, jbs that require high-level f critical thinking, emtinal intelligence and human interactin, remain in high demand. These jbs are nt easily replaced by machines r technlgy. S think carefully abut this befre yu chse yur prfessinal path.(快速的技术变革具有破坏性，我们需要对未来的前景有前瞻性。虽然许多职业正在被新技术所取代，但需要高水平批判性思维、情商和人际互动的工作仍然需求量很大。这些工作不容易被机器或技术取代。所以，在你选择职业道路之前，仔细考虑一下这个问题)”具体讲述要考虑职业持久力的内容。故选C。
93．根据上文“Secnd, chse a career that interests yu. Sme peple might think this is unimprtant, but if yu are truly passinate abut yur jb then ging t wrk every day wn’t seem a chre.(第二，选择你感兴趣的职业。有些人可能认为这并不重要，但如果你真的对你的工作充满热情，那么每天去上班就不会显得很烦人)”以及后文“Befre making a chice, yu shuld examine yur values, skills and persnality type. This can help yu decide if a career path is a gd fit fr yu.(在做出选择之前，你应该检查一下自己的价值观、技能和性格类型。这可以帮助你决定职业道路是否适合你)”可知，上下文提到要按照自己的价值观、技能和性格类型，选择自己感兴趣的职业，这样对工作充满热情，才有可能做的长久和成长。故D选项“你也有可能在这个职业中留下来并成长”符合语境，故选D。
94．根据上文“Third, f curse yu will want t cnsider yur chsen prfessin’s earning pwer. Althugh high pay plays a part, yu shuld knw that a jb with a big salary will likely require mre time t get t the tp, much mre effrt and a higher level f stress.(第三，你当然要考虑你选择的职业的赚钱能力。虽然高薪是一部分原因，但你应该知道，高薪的工作可能需要更多的时间、更多的努力和更大的压力才能达到顶峰)”可知，本句承接上文说明要应对上文提到的“更多的时间、更多的努力和更大的压力”这些挑战，需要有真正有动力的人。故F选项“只有真正有动力的人才有可能迎接这些挑战”符合语境，与后文“If yu have interests utside f wrk, r are struggling with ther demands in yur life, yu might want t chse a less demanding line f wrk.(如果你在工作之外有兴趣，或者正在为生活中的其他需求而挣扎，你可能会想选择一个要求不那么高的工作)”讲选择要求不那么高的工作的人形成对比。故选F。
95．根据后文“Let me leave yu with an ld saying: “Chse a jb yu lve, and yu will never have t wrk a day in yur life.”(让我用一句老话来结束我的演讲：“选择一份你喜欢的工作，那么你的一生中就永远不用工作了。”)”可知，本段为总结段落，且第一段提到的是毕业要选择职业的问题，故G选项“在人生的这个阶段考虑终身事业肯定是令人不安的”符合语境，故选G。
20.（2023上·湖北武汉·高二校联考阶段练习）
Hw t Organize a Music Festival
Yu lve music and yu always have. Yu want t carry ut a music festival designed t attract music fans f all ages. Fllw the steps and yu’ll rganize a successful ne.
◆Start by making a list f the lcal bands and artists that yu like. Yu’ve taken this jb because yu lve music, s put yur taste t wrk fr yu. If yu like these musicians, many f the lcal peple will als like them. 96 . Yu need t have many kinds f music fr all age grups.
◆Find a great lcatin that has much pen space fr utdr festivals. Yu need t build a stage s the musicians can be seen frm distances. 97 . Nt all twns need such license but it is a gd idea t check befre yu start building. Fr an indr lcatin, yu need t find a theater that is willing t give yu enugh space. 98 .
◆Hire sund engineers t give the musicians all the help they need. 99 . Yu can’t expect the musicians t handle these prblems because they are playing. Yur sund and engineering experts will allw yur stars t keep the music playing.
◆ 100 . If yu are planning yur festival fr families, the last thing yu want is a beer-swilling crwd starting a huge fight. Security peple need t be present t make sure that nbdy gets the idea that they want t start any kind f ruckus (骚乱).
A．Yu need t find security peple.
B．We can find enugh sngs t get a lt f mney.
C．Bigger sprts stadiums will be perfect as well.
D．But remember, yu are trying t attract fans f all ages.
E．Peple shuld have practiced many different sngs.
F．Yu can find a lcatin by ging t the lcal gvernment and asking fr permissin.
G．The last thing yu want is that a grup is n the stage but the speakers dn’t wrk.
【答案】96．D 97．F 98．C 99．G 100．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了举办成功的音乐节提出的几点建议。
96．根据空前“If yu like these musicians, many f the lcal residents will als like them.”（如果你喜欢一些音乐家,那么当地很多人也喜欢他们）后文提到“Yu need t have many kinds f music fr all age grups.”（你需要为所有年龄段的人准备多种音乐。）由此判断，喜欢音乐的人年龄各异，如果要举办音乐会的话就要努力符合所有年龄段的粉丝。D项But remember, yu are trying t attract fans f all ages.（但是要记住，你在努力吸引所有年龄段的粉丝）起到承上启下的作用，符合文意。故选D。
97．根据空后“Nt all twns need such license but it is a gd idea t check befre yu start building. ”（不是所有的城镇都需要这样的许可但在搭建舞台前最好确认一下。）由此判断，要举办一场音乐会，要看当地是否需要许可证。F项Yu can find a lcatin by ging t the lcal gvernment and asking fr permissin.（要找到这样一个地方，你可以去当地政府并征求许可），与下一句语意相接，起到承上启下的作用，符合文意。故选F。
98．根据空前“Fr an indr lcatin, yu need t find a theater that is willing t give yu enugh space. ”（对于一个室内的位置，你需要找到一个愿意给你足够空间的剧院。）该段提到要想举办室内音乐节，可以去找能提供足够空间的剧院。C项Bigger sprts stadiums will be perfect as well.（大一些的体育馆也是很理想的地方）承接上文，提出了举办室内音乐节场地的另一种方案，符合文意。故选C。
99．第四段第一句提到“Hire sund engineers t give the musicians all the help they need.（聘请音响工程师为乐手提供他们所需的一切帮助。）”由此判断，该段提出的建议是聘请音响和工程专家来协助自己，G项The last thing yu want is that a grup is n the stage but the speakers dn’t wrk.（你最不愿意看到的事情就是音乐家在台上表演扬声器却坏了），该项中提到的the speakers dn’t wrk（扬声器出故障了）是音响和工程专家能解决的问题，该项符合文意。故选G.
100．后文提到“If yu are planning yur festival fr families, the last thing yu want is a beer-swilling crwd starting a huge fight. Security peple need t be present t make sure that nbdy gets the idea that they want t start any kind f ruckus(骚乱).（如果你正在计划一个家庭节日，你最不希望看到的是一群喝着啤酒的人开始大打出手。安全人员需要在场，以确保没有人知道他们想要引起任何骚动。）”为了音乐节顺利进行不出现骚乱，你需要聘请安保人员维持秩序。A项Yu need t find security peple.（你需要找一些安保人员）该项中 security peple（安保人员）是关键词，符合该段主旨，起到引出后文的作用。故选A。