初中英语语法专题之特殊疑问句精讲+精练+答案
展开可大致分为3种:(简单了解)
疑问代词:what,wh,which,whse,whm
疑问副词:when,where,why,hw
疑问形容词:what(which,whse)+名词
特殊疑问句有两种语序
(1)如疑问词作主语或主语的定语,即对主语或主语的定语提问,其语序是陈述句的语序:疑问词(+主语)+谓语动词+其他成分.如:
- Wh is singing in the rm?
- Whse bike is brken?
(2)如疑问词作其他成分,即对其他成分提问,其语序是:疑问词+一般疑问句语序?如:
- Which class are yu in?
- What des she lk like?
- Where are yu frm?
- What time des he get up every mrning?
- Hw d yu knw?
特殊疑问句的回答
(1)回答特殊疑问句时,不能用yes / n,即问什么答什么,尤其是简略回答。如:
- Wh is frm Canada?
- Helen (is).
- Where's the restaurant?
- Near the statin.
- Why d yu like kalas?
- Because they are cute.
(2)特殊疑问句一般读降调(↓)。
一、由 what 引导的
注释:what即“什么”,属于高频使用的特殊疑问题。
1、 What + 系动词 + sb/sth?
1、询问“是什么”
What's that? It's an apple.那是什么?那是一个苹果。
What's it in English? It's an range.它用英语怎么说?它是一个range。
2、询问姓名
What's yur name? 你叫什么名字?
My name is Jenny. 我叫詹妮。
3、询问职业
What's he? 他是做什么的?
He's a driver. 他是一名司机。
4、询问状况
What's the matter?怎么啦?(多用于表示慰问和关心)
What's the truble?是否有麻烦?
5、询问最爱
What's yur favrite fruit? 你最喜欢什么水果?
My favrite fruit is banana . 我最喜欢香蕉。
6、询问号码
What's Danny's telephne number? 丹尼的电话号码是多少?
7、询问日期
What's the date tday? 今天几号?
It's June 1st tday. 今天是6月1号。
8、询问天气
What's the weather like in winter in Shijiazhuang? 石家庄冬天的天气怎么样?
It's cld and windy. 寒冷风大。
9、询问运算结果
What's nine plus eight? It's fifteen。9加8等于几?15。
10、询问外貌特征
What's she like? 她长什么样?
She is shrt and thin. 又矮又瘦。
注:这里的like是介词,表示“像”或“如…一样”。用于要求对方描述某人/某物特征,或给出他们的意见,也可以写成:What des she lk like?
2、What + 名词 + 动词 + sb/sth?
11、询问颜色
What clr is yur shirt? It's pink.你的衬衫是什么颜色?粉色。
12、询问时间
What time is it? It is 8:00.几点了?八点。
13、询问尺寸
What size d yu want?您要多大尺寸的?
14、询问种类
What kind f questins shuld we ask?我们该问些什么问题呢?
15、询问星期几
What day is tday? It's Mnday.今天星期几?星期一。
16、询问存在范围
What grade and class are yu in?你们是几年级几班的?
We are in Class Tw, Grade Three.我们是三年级二班的。
3、What + 助动词 + sb / sth + 实义动词?
17、询问正在干什么
What are yu ding? 你们在做什么?
We are studying hard. 我们在努力学习。
注:这里的are是助动词,而不是系动词,它跟ding一起构成现在时时态。
18、询问将要干什么
What are yu ging t be? 将来要做什么?
I'm ging t be a teacher. 我要成为一名老师。
注:这里的are是助动词,而不是系动词,它跟ging t一起构成将来时时态。
19、询问某人职业
What d yu d? 你是做什么的?
I'm a pliceman. 我是一名警察。
20、询问生活习惯
What d yu usually d n the weekend?你通常在周末做什么?
I ften g hiking.我经常去远足。
21、询问一日三餐
What d yu have fr dinner? 你晚饭吃什么?
I have beef and rice. 我吃牛肉和米饭。
22、询问上课
What classes d yu have n Wednesday?星期三你有什么课?
We have English and Art classer.我们有英语课和美术课。
23、询问观点
What d yu think f this bk?你觉得这本书怎么样?
I think it's interesting.我觉得很有趣。
4、What + 情态动词 + sb/sth + 实义动词?
24、询问能力
What can yu d at hme? 你在家能做什么?
I can sweep the flr. 我可以扫地。
25、询问意愿
What wuld yu like fr lunch? 午饭你想吃什么?
I wuld like sme green beans. 我想吃青豆。
注:这里的like是行为动词,意思是“喜欢”。
五、其他特别句型
26、What abut yu? 那你呢?你是什么情况?
① 询问情况或打听消息时,若对方不明确时,可用这一句型。如:I'd like a cup f tea. What abut yu? 我想喝杯茶,你呢?
② 寒暄时用作承接上下文的转折语。如:I'm a student. What abut yu? 我是学生,你呢?
27、What's up? 最近怎么样?(日常问候语)
28、What's new? 有啥新鲜事?(日常问候语)
29、What's wrng? 出什么问题了?
30、What happened? 发生什么事了?
二、由 wh/whse 引导的
注释:wh的意思是“谁”,询问人(做主语);;whse的意思是“谁的”,询问物体的所属。
◆ Wh are yu? 你是谁?I am Cara. 我是卡拉。
◆ Whse bk is this? 这本书是谁的?It’s mine. 它是我的。
三、由 when 引导的
注:when即“什么时候/何时”,询问时间。
◆ When shall we meet? 我们什么时候见面?Tmrrw 明天。
◆ When is her birthday? 她什么时候生日?May 1 is her birthday. 五月一号是她的生日。
◆ When d yu get up every day? 你每天什么时候起床?At 6:00 a.m. 早上六点。
四、由 where 引导的
注:where即“哪里,在哪里”,询问地点。
◆ Where will yu spend the summer hliday? 你会去哪里过暑假?I'm ging t Hawaii. 我要去夏威夷。
◆ Where is yur cat? 你的外套在哪啊?It’s n the sfa. 在沙发上。
五、由 why 引导的
注:why即“为什么”,询问原因,回答从句一般由because引导。
◆ Why isn’t he at schl tday? 他今天为什么不在学校?Because he is ill. 因为他生病了。
◆ Why are yu s busy? 你为什么总是这么忙?Because I have t make mney. 因为我得赚钱。
六、由 which 引导的
注释:which即“哪一,哪一个”,问一定范围内特指的人或物。
◆ Which bx is yurs? 哪个盒子是你的?The blue ne. 蓝色的那个。
◆ Which bk d yu like best? 你最喜欢哪本书?The Little Prince.《小王子》。
◆ Which cuntry d yu cme frm? 你来自哪个国家?China. 中国。
七、由 hw 引导的
注:hw即“怎么,怎么样”,询问健康状况、程度以及做事的方式等,可以和形容词一起用构成含有具体含义的特殊疑问句。
1. 日常问候
◆ Hw d yu d? 你好吗?(初次见面用语)
◆ Hw are yu? 你好吗?(熟人间问候语)
◆ Hw is yur mther? 你妈妈好吗?(询问他人情况)
2. 询问看法
Hw d yu like the English teacher? 你觉得英语老师怎么样?
She is s warm-hearted. 她很热心。
3. 询问感觉
Hw d yu feel? = Hw is yur feeling? 你感觉如何?
I feel happy. 我觉得很开心。
4. 询问年龄
Hw ld are yu? 你多大了?
I'm nine. 我9岁了。
5. 询问方式
◆ Hw d yur sister g t schl? 你姐姐是怎么去上学的?
She usually g t schl by bike. 她通常骑自行车去上学。
◆ Hw can I get t the cinema? 我怎么去电影院?
Yu can get there by bus. 你可以坐公交车去。
6. 询问意见
Hw abut ging ut fr a walk? 出去走走怎么样?
That sunds gd! 听起来不错。
注:Hw abut句型有时也可切换为What abut,区别在于Hw abut后面通常跟动词现在分词,What abut后面通常跟名词。如:
What abut anther cake? 再来一块蛋糕怎么样?N, thanks. 不用了,谢谢。
7. 询问多少
◆ Hw many bks are there in the library? 图书馆里多少本书?
There are thusands f bks. 有成千上万的书。
◆ Hw much mney d yu have? 你有多少钱?
Only 3 dllars. 只有3美元。
8. 询问价格
◆ Hw much are the apples? 这些苹果多少钱?
Five dllars. 5美元。
◆ Hw much is the car? 这辆车多少钱?
Abut $20, 000. 大约两万美元。
9. 询问距离
◆ Hw far is it frm here t yur schl? 从这儿到你学校有多远?
It's abut ten minutes' walk. 大约十分钟步行的路程。
◆ Hw far is it frm here t the z? 从这儿到动物园有多远?
It is nly a five-minute ride. 只要五分钟路程。
10. 询问长度
◆ Hw lng is it? 它有多长?
I dn’t knw. 我不知道。
◆ Hw lng is the river? 这条河有多长?
Abut 500 km. 大约500千米。
11. 询问次数
◆ Hw many times d yu read English everyday? 你每天读多少次英语?
Once r twice. 一次或两次。
12. 询问频率(多久一次)
◆ Hw ften d yu have a music class? 你每多久上一次音乐课?
Twice a week. 一周一次。
13. 询问时长(多久或多快)
A. 对fr+时间段提问,表示多久,疑问词一般用Hw lng。
◆ Hw lng will yu stay there? 你将在那儿呆多久?Abut tw weeks. 大约两个星期。
B. 对in+时间段提问,表示多快,疑问词一般用Hw sn。
◆ Hw sn will yu cme back? 你过多久回来?
In tw hurs. 2小时以后。
以上就是What,Which, Wh, Whse, Whm,When, Where, Why, Hw这些疑问词,及由其引导的特殊疑问句的相关知识点啦~
练习
一、用“what, why, which, when, hw"填空。
1.--________ is Li Ming ding?
--He is reading a bk.
2.-- ________ did yu g t Shanghai?
--By plane.
3. --________ d yu like winter?
--Because I can ski.
4.-- ________ seasn d yu like best?
--Fall.
5. --________ did yu cme t Canada?
--At 7: 00.
二、单项选择。
1.-_____ is yur dictinary?
- 10 Yuan.
A. Hw much B. Hw many
C. What D. Whse
2.-_______ subjects d yu have ?
- Seven.
A. Hw lng B. Hw many
C. Hw much D. Hw far
3.-_______ d yu like best?
- I like math best.
A. Which subject B. What fd
C. What clr D.Which sprt
4. - ________ d yu like science?
-________it’s interesting.
A. Why; S B. What; Because
C. Why; Because D. Hw; Because
5. When _______the girl ________ her hmewrk?
A. des; des B. des; d
C. d; des D. d; d
6. —Des he want t g t a mvie?
— _______.
A. Yes, he des B. N, he des
C. Yes, he desn’t D. Yes, she is
7. -_______ kind f mvies d yu like?
- I like cmedies very much.
A. What’s B. Hw C. What D. Why
8. - ______ are these bananas?
- Five dllars.
A. What clr B. Hw abut
C. Hw much D. Hw many
9. -Can we play ftball in the street?
-N, yu _____. It’s dangerus.
A. can B. mustn’t C. may D. may nt
10. -_____ des he play ftball?
- In the afternn.
A. When B. Where C. Hw D. What
11. —_____ is yur father? Des he still wrk as an engineer?
—Yes, he has been an engineer fr thirty years.
A. Wh B. Hw C. What D. Which
12.—_____ des yur father g t the fitness center?
—He exercises there twice a week.
A. Hw sn
B. Hw ften
C. Hw lng
13.—_________will the invitatins be sent t ur guests?
—In three days.
A. Hw ften B. Hw sn
C. Hw lng D. Hw far
14.—_____ is it frm the New Twn t the ld city centre?
— Less than 30 minutes by undergrund.
A. Hw sn B. Hw ften
C. Hw lng D. Hw far
15.— ________is Mary?
— The girl with shrt hair.
A. Which B. What C. Where D. Why
三、按要求完成句子。
1. His favrite subject is art.(就划线部分提问)
_______ _______ his favrite subject?
2. They like brccli. (改为一般疑问句)
________ they ________ brccli?
3. I like thrillers because it’s scary. (就划线部分提问)
________ ________ ________ ________ thrillers?
4. My bk is n the sfa.(一般疑问句并回答)
-________ ________ bk n the sfa?
-Yes, ______ is. / N, it _______.
5. His sister likes t be a musician. (就划线部分提问)
________ ________ t be a musician?
6. He des his hmewrk after schl every day. (改为一般疑问句)
_______he _______ his hmewrk after schl every day?
7. Jhn has P.E. n Mnday. (就划线部分提问)
________ ________ Jhn have P.E.?
8. Mrs. Yang wrks in a shp. (就划线部分提问)
________ des Mrs. Yang _______?
9. They are under the bed. (一般疑问句并回答)
-_______ _______ under the bed?
-Yes, _______ _______.
--- N, _______ ________.
10. My father is OK. (就划线部分提问)
________ ________ yur father?
11. Des she like ice cream? (作否定回答)
_________, she _________.
12. My bed is yellw. (就划线部分提问)
_______ _______ is _______ bed?
13. That’s a bx. (改为一般疑问句,并作肯定回答)
-________ ________ a bx?
-______, ________ ________.
14. The ntebk is in the bag.(就划线部分提问)
_________ the ntebk?
15. I can spell that. (改为一般疑问句)
________ ________ spell that?
四、通读下列对话,然后根据上下文补全对话内容。
A: 1. _____________, Mrs. Chen?
B: I’m fine, thank yu, Allen.
A: Mrs. Chen, yur classes have been great.
B: 2______________. Allen, what d yu hpe t d in the future?
A: I hpe t pass the exam t get int senir high schl.
B: Sunds great! 3. ______________?
A: I want t be a pilt when I grw up.
B: 4._________________?
A: I’m ging t study math and physics really hard. They are helpful.
B: 5. ________________?
A: I’m ging t wrk in Shanghai. It’s a gd place t wrk there.
B: I think yu can make it ne day.
A: Thank yu, Mrs. Chen. I’m sure I will!
五、书面表达。
动物是人类的好朋友,你一定有自己最喜欢的动物。请你以 “My favrite animal”为题,介绍你最喜欢的动物以及你喜欢它的原因,要求不少于60词。
1.What is yur favrite animal?
2.Why d yu like it?
---参考答案---
一、1.What 2.Hw 3.Why 4.Which 5.When
二、1-5 ABACB 6-10 ACCBA
11-15 CBBDA
三、按要求完成句子。
1. What; is 2. D, like
3. Why, d, yu, like
4. Is, yur, it, isn’t
5. Wh; likes 6. Des, d
7. When; des 8.Where; wrk
9. Are, they, they, are, they, aren’t
10. Hw, is 11. N, she, desn’t
12. What, clr, yur
13. Is, that, Yes, it, is
14. Where’s 15. Can, yu
四、补全对话
1.Hw are yu?
2.Thank yu. / I’m glad t hear that. / I’m glad yu like them.
3.What d yu want t be when yu grw up?
4.Hw are yu ging t d that?
5.Where are ging t wrk?
五、书面表达
Everyne has his r her wn favrite animals. Of curse, I als have my favrite animal----the dlphin.
It is very cute, als very smart. The dlphin is ne f the mst precius animals. Their bdies are very lng. Dlphins live in the sea. They live n fish, shrimps and s n. Dlphins are very friendly and peaceful. They never attack peple. Instead, they have saved many peple in danger. Dlphins are very clever.
、Dlphins are my favrite animal. Please prtect them and take gd care f them.
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