北师大版高中英语必修第二册UNIT5 Section E Writing Workshop, Viewing Workshop & Reading Clubs 课件

这是一份北师大版高中英语必修第二册UNIT5 Section E Writing Workshop, Viewing Workshop & Reading Clubs 课件，共60页。
Section E　Writing Workshop，Viewing Workshop & Reading Clubs 1～2Ⅰ.基础词汇1．____________ n. 避难所 v. 躲避(风雨或危险)；保护；掩蔽2．____________ n. 小册子3．____________ n. 金属4．____________ n. 沙漠5．____________ n. 海滨，海滩；沙滩shelterbrochuremetaldesertbeachⅡ.拓展词汇1．shock n．剧烈震动→________ n．(地震的)余震2．observe vt.观察；注意→________ n．观察，注意；监视3．vary v．(大小、形状等)相异；(根据情况)变化→____________ adj.各种各样的，形形色色的4．scare v．惊吓；使害怕→________ adj.可怕的，恐怖的5．harm v．伤害；损害→________ adj.无害的→________ adj.有害的aftershockobservation　varied/variousscaryharmlessharmful6．ski v. & n．滑雪(板)→________ n．滑雪运动7．origin n．起源→________ adj.起初的；独创的→________ n．独创性；创造力8．disappear v．消失→__________ n．消亡；消失9．geography n．地理(学)→__________ adj.地理的→__________ n．地理学家10．furniture n．家具→________ vt.布置家具；提供→________ adj.配有家具的skiingoriginaloriginalitydisappearancegeographicalgeographerfurnishfurnishedⅢ.重点短语(英汉互译)A 写出下列短语的汉意1．write a brochure about... ________________2．be/stay indoors ________________3．drop down onto your hands and knees ________________4．be clear and direct ________________5．use simple and clear language ________________6．protect sb. from ________________7．observe carefully ________________8．avoid doing sth. ________________9．be/stay seated ________________10．falling objects ________________写一本关于……的手册待在室内双手和膝盖着地条理清晰，直截了当　使用简单明了的语言保护某人免受(……伤害)仔细观察避免做某事坐着别动坠物B 写出下列汉语所对应的英语短语1．______________________________ 使信息易于记忆2．________________ 保护某人自己3．________________ 如有可能4．________________ 紧紧抓住某物5．______________________ 常见问题6．________________ 光年7．________________ 可观测宇宙make the information easy to remember　protect oneselfif possiblehold onto sth.the frequently-asked questionlight year　observable universe►第一版块|核心单词1)shelter n．[U]掩蔽；居所，住处；[C]避难所，掩蔽处，避身处　v．保护；为……提供庇护处 (1)n.遮蔽，庇护；避难所take/seek shelter (from)... 寻求庇护(以躲避……)seek shelter from... 寻找躲避……的地方❶In the storm I took shelter under the tree.暴风雨时，我在树下躲避。❷The solution, of course, was to plant trees so the animals could seek shelter during the daytime.当然，解决办法是种树，这样动物就可以在白天寻求庇护。(2)v.保护；收容；躲避；避难shelter sb. from 保护某人不受……shelter from 躲避……❸The rescue station set up by the local government was sheltering the homeless.由当地政府设立的救助站正在收容无家可归者。❹You can't shelter your brother from blame in the accident.在这次事故中，你无法庇护你的弟弟免受责备。❺The climbers had to shelter from the snowstorm in a mountain hut.登山者不得不在山中的一个小棚中躲避暴风雪。[拓展]　provide food and shelter for为……提供食物和住所under the shelter of在……的庇护下put up a shelter from the rain建一个躲雨的地方give sb. a shelter庇护某人[即学即练]　单句语法填空①He sheltered ______ (he) behind a tree.②These plants must __________ (shelter) from direct sunlight.③We have set up early warning systems for frosts and ________ (shelter) for animals.④This wool hat is to shelter your face ________ the bitter cold.写出句中shelter的词性及含义⑤We sheltered under a tree until the shower passed.________⑥The number of families seeking shelter rose by 17 percent.________ himself　be shelteredsheltersfrom动词，躲避名词，庇护2)observe vt.观察；注意；遵守；庆祝(→observation n．观察，注意observer n．观察员) (教材原句)Observe carefully before you move away.你离开之前要仔细观察。observe the law 遵守法律observe/celebrate Chinese New Year 庆祝中国新年observe sb./sth. do sth. 看到某人做某事(全过程)observe sb./sth. doing sth. 看到某人正在做某事(部分过程)observe (that)... 注意到……❶I observed her late arrival.我注意到她迟到了。❷I observed a car enter the gate.我看到一辆车进了大门。❸I observed him reading a novel.我看到他正在看小说。❹I observed that he was sleeping in the class.我注意到他正在课堂上睡觉。❺Most of us observed much more as children than we do as adults.我们大多数人在孩童时期比成人时期观察到的更多。❻They faithfully observed the rules.他们忠实地遵守规则。❼It's a tradition to observe the Spring Festival in China.在中国，庆祝春节是一个传统。under observation 受监视for observation 为观察the observation of... 对……的观察powers of observation 观察力make some observations about sth. 对……发表/做评论escape sb's observation 逃脱/逃避某人监视write first-hand observation 写出第一手观察❽She was admitted to the hospital for observation.她被留院观察。❾The police have had him under observation for several weeks.警方已监视他数周了。10.The survey was based on direct observation of over 500 schools.这项调查以对500多所学校进行的直接观察为基础。11.The artist has acute powers of observation.艺术家有很敏锐的观察力。12.He smiled, and make some observation about the weather.他笑了笑，然后说了几句评论天气的话。[误区警示]　根据宾语和宾补之间的关系，observe后的宾补可以由分词或不定式充当。主动语态中省略掉的不定式符号to在被动语态中应还原。observe sb. doing sth.看到某人正在做某事observe sb. do sth.看到某人做过某事→sb. be observed to do sth.某人被看到做过某事Thousands of people observed the ship leaving the harbour.数以千计的人看到这艘轮船驶离港口。He has been observed to make trouble in every possible way.人们注意到他老是制造麻烦。[即学即练]　单句语法填空①I observed my father ________ (chat) with a stranger.②Will they permit you to sit in on a few classes as an ________ (observe)?③Most information was collected by direct __________ (observe) of the animals' behaviour.④The thief was observed ________ (open) the window and run away.⑤These animals are ________ observation.⑥We asked for his observations ________ the play.chattingobserverobservationto openunderabout写出句中observe的含义⑦The far side of the moon is difficult for us to observe.________⑧The speed limit must be strictly observed.________⑨How many holidays do we observe a year？________⑩He observed that it had suddenly grown much colder.________观察　遵守　庆祝　注意3)varied adj.各种各样的，形形色色的(→vary v．变化无常；相异；使多样化various adj.各种各样的variety n．种类；多样化) (教材原句)New Zealand has a varied climate that changes a lot from place to place.新西兰气候多变，各地气候变化很大。a varied diet 丰富多样的饮食lead a full and varied life 过着丰富多彩的生活varied opinions 各种不同的意见❶But the information I got was rich and varied, or even contradictory.但是我得到的信息丰富多样，甚至是矛盾的。 vary between...and... 在……到……之间变化，从……到……不等vary from...to... 从……到……不等，在……到……之间变化vary in... 在……方面不同vary with... 随……而变化vary one's reading 使自己阅读的东西多样化vary one's diet 使自己饮食多样化vary on sth. 对某事观点不一❷Teachers should vary their lessons to make them more interesting.为了增加趣味，教师应该使课程多样化。❸The buildings in this city vary between very old and very new.这个城市的建筑物差别很大，有的非常古老，有的很新。❹The two pairs of shoes vary in colour.这两双鞋的颜色不同。❺Prices vary with the seasons.物价随季节而变动。❻His mood varies from day to day.他们心情每天都不一样。❼These fish vary in weight from 1 kilo to 3 kilos.这些鱼的重量从一公斤到三公斤不等。❽Opinions vary on this matter.在这件事上意见各不相同。a variety of books＝various books 各种各样的书full of variety 多姿多彩/丰富多样a new variety of melon 新品种的瓜❾The garden offers a variety of attractions.这花园有种种引人入胜之处。[比较]　varied/variousvaried和various都可以指同一范畴的不同种类，在表示“各种各样的，各不相同的”意思时，一般可以换用。只是前者侧重于“不同”的含义，后者则侧重于种类数目的“多”。Their opinions are varied.他们意见纷纭。(可用various换之，但varied强调了意见的“不同”)Representatives from various parts of the country have arrived in Beijing.全国各地的代表们到达了北京。(可用varied代替，但various强调地区的“数目”)[即学即练]　单句语法填空①It is necessary that your diet is ____________ (vary) and balanced.②The hotel offers its guests a wide ________ (vary) of amusements.③The prices of some goods vary ______ the season.④There are different ________ (variety) of plants in the garden.⑤The weather varies ________ hour to hour.⑥Her feelings ________ (vary) between joy and fear as she watched him fight.⑦There are many kinds of bacteria which vary _____ shape and size.⑧The hotel has a _________ (vary) programme of nightly entertainment.varied/variousvariety　with　varietiesfromvaried　invaried/various完成句子⑨The colours of the flowers __________________ (从黄到红不等).⑩The demand for certain products _________________ (随季节变化).vary from yellow to red　varies with the season4)scary adj.可怕的，恐怖的，吓人的 (教材原句)It looks like a big, scary grasshopper, but it is actually harmless.它看起来像一只可怕的大蚱蜢，但实际上它是无害的。a scary moment 恐怖的一刻a scary movie 恐怖片❶I know I can act under pressure in a scary situation.我知道我能在可怕的情况下承受压力。[拓展]scare v. 受惊吓；恐惧；使害怕scared adj. 害怕的scare away/off... 把……吓跑scare sb. into doing sth. 威胁/恐吓某人做某事be scared to do sth. 不敢做某事be scared of... 怕(做)某事be scared to death 吓得要死❷Your way to scare those dogs off was effective.你把那些狗吓跑的方法是奏效的。❸You can't scare me into telling you anything.你吓唬我也没用，我不会告诉你任何事情的。❹He was scared to go home when he did wrong.当他做错事时他不敢回家。❺She was very brave, but she was scared of the doctor.她很勇敢，但她害怕医生。[联想]　表示“吓人的”形容词小结：frightening吓人的terrifying极其可怕的terrible可怕的horrible恐怖的[即学即练]　单句语法填空①I was scared ________ (hear) the bad news because I couldn't face it.②I think prison is going to be a ______ (scare) thing for Harry.③The child was scared ________ the fierce dog.④The birds were scared ________ by the cat.⑤I have got a way to scare those naughty children ________．⑥Local businesses were scared ________ paying protection money.完成句子⑦She ________________ (吓得要死) at the strange noise.⑧The high price ______________ (正吓跑) possible buyers.to hearscary　of　away/off　off/awayinto　was scared to deathis scaring away/off5)originality n．独创性；创造力　origin n．起源；出身　original adj.原先的，最初的，独特的　originally adv.原先，起初 The design for the building shows a great deal of originality.这座建筑的设计显示出很大的独创性。show a lot of originality 显示出丰富的独创性lack originality 缺乏创意a young writer of great originality 一位极高创意的年轻作家❶We must promote originality, inspire creativity and encourage innovation.我们必须提倡独创性，激发创造力，鼓励创新。❷His design lacks originality.他的设计缺乏创意。in origin 在来源上；在血统上by origin 从出身上说the origins of life on earth 地球上生命的起源one's country of origin 某人的出生国the original plan 原先的计划an original idea 有独创性的主意a man of noble origin 一出身高贵的人have one's origin in 起源于❸Our original plan was to go to Hainan, but it was a little expensive.我们的原始计划是去海南，但是去那里有些贵。❹Your design is highly original.你的设计很独特。❺This is the original painting, and the others are copies.这是原画，其他的是复制品。❻Their medical problems are basically physical in origin.他们的疾病基本是身体上的问题造成的。❼Originally, we had intended to go to Italy, but then we won the trip to Greece.我们本来打算去意大利，但后来赢得机会去了希腊。[拓展]　originate vi.发源；开始；起源；发明originate fireworks发明鞭炮originate from/in/with起源于The Chinese originated fireworks.中国人发明了鞭炮。The fire originated in his room.这火起自他的房间。This style of the building originated with the ancient Greece.这种建筑风格起源于古希腊。[即学即练]　单句语法填空①I prefer your ________ (origin) plan to these.②This TV series originated ________ a short story.③The valley was ________ (original) bridged by the Romans.④Many words in the English language are French ________ origin.⑤The clay figure is a work of great ________ (original).⑥All theories ________ (origin) from practice and in turn serve practice.完成句子⑦Chinese Buddhism ____________ (起源于) India.original　from　originally　inoriginalityoriginate　has its origin in6)disappearance n．消亡；消失；失踪 (教材原句)The disappearance of the wolves brings disaster to the grassland...狼的消失给草原带来了灾难……the disappearance of... ……的消亡/消失sudden disappearance 突然的消失❶The disappearance of the wolves had many unexpected results.狼的消失带来了许多意想不到的结果。❷Police are investigating the disappearance of a young woman.警方正在调查一位年轻女子的失踪案。disappear vi. 消失，不见；失踪disappear behind/into... 消失在……后/中disappear from... 从……消失make an appearance 出席，露面judge by appearances 以貌取人disappear in the distance 消失在远处❸I saw her step across the street and disappear into the post office.我看见她穿过街道，消失在邮局里。❹My wallet has disappeared from the table.我放在桌子上的钱包不见了。[拓展]　appear vi.出现；发表；露面→appearance n．出现；露面；外貌Don't judge by appearances.不要以貌取人。[即学即练]　单句语法填空①The car finally disappeared ________ the darkness.②The ________ (appear) of Internet marked the beginning of the age of information.③The train disappeared _______ view and I knew my best friend would never come back.④He explains that ______ disappearance of one animal can have serious consequences to remaining species in that habitat.⑤The __________ (disappear) of dinosaurs is not necessarily caused by astronomical incidents.⑥Before the __________ (appear) of computers, typewriters were an essential tool in every office.into　appearance　from　thedisappearance　appearance7)harmless adj.无害的，不致伤的 harm n. & vt.伤害，损害harmful adj.有害的 harmless actions 无害的行为be harmless to... 对……无害cause harm to... 对……造成损害mean no harm 没有恶意do sb. harm＝do harm to sb. 对某人有害do more harm than good 弊大于利harm the environment 损害环境be harmful to (＝do harm to) 对……有害the harmful effects of smoking 吸烟的害处❶The rain was very harmful to the crops.＝The rain did much harm to the crops.雨大的损害了农作物。❷Too much drinking will do you harm.＝Too much drinking will be harmful to you.喝太多的酒对你有害。[语境助记]　Proper exercise is harmless or to be exact, beneficial to your health.适当的锻炼对身体是无害的，或者，确切地说，是有益的。[即学即练]　单句语法填空①Industry has been working at developing ________ (harm) substitutes for these gases.②Her brother's a bit simple, but he's quite ________．③While the sun's rays can age and ______ our skin, they also give us beneficial Vitamin D.④The huge fall in exports has done a great harm ________ the economy.harmless　harmless　harm　to完成句子⑤I'm sorry if I upset you—I _________________ (没有恶意).⑥The drugs he was prescribed ___________________ (弊大于利).⑦The pesticides are ___________ (有害) the environment.didn't mean any harm　did more harm than goodharmful to►第二版块|重要短语1)hold on to抓紧；坚持下去；守住，保住) (教材原句)HOLD ON to your shelter until the shaking stops.抓牢遮蔽物，直到地震停止。hold on　　紧紧抓住；坚持住；等一会儿，别挂电话hold on to sth. 紧紧抓住某物 ❶Hold on to the Chinese dream and one day it must come true.坚持中国梦，总有一天它一定会实现。❷Jane is determined to hold on to her fortune.简决心要守住自己的财产。❸Do you think you could hold on to that report for the next day or two?你觉得你能把那篇报道多留一两天再登吗？❹I was able to hold back my anger and avoid a fight.我总算抑制住了愤怒，从而避免了一场殴斗。❺He held up the map so it could be seen more clearly.他举起地图，这样可以看得更清楚些。❻I hope this good weather will hold out for another week.我希望这好天气能再持续一个星期。❼Please hold the dog off.请赶走你的狗。❽They held off the enemy.他们阻住敌人。❾Li Qiang told me that he could hold his breath for more than two minutes underwater.李强跟我说他可以在水中憋气超过两分钟。[归纳拓展]　hold back隐瞒；退缩；抑制；阻止hold on别挂断电话；等会儿；坚持住hold up支撑，举起；延迟，阻碍hold out伸出(手)；维持，坚持hold one's breath屏住呼吸hold off推迟；抵挡住，使不接近，使远离[即学即练]　单句语法填空①The police asked him to hold ________ while they were looking into the case.②If there's something you'd like to say please don't hold ________．③Music was the one thing I could hold on ________ when things got crazy.④Traffic on the bridge was held ________ for several hours because of the accident.⑤Seeing her son again after two years' absence, the mother held ________ her arms to hug him.⑥She told the speaker to hold ________ while she was going to call the man he wanted to speak to.on　back　to　up　out　on2)protect sb. from/against...保护某人不受…… (教材原句)If you are near objects that can fall, find a shelter to protect yourself from them.你如果靠近可能坠落的物体，找个掩蔽的地方躲避它们以保护自己。❶Players must wear padding to protect them from injury.运动员们必须戴上衬垫以保护自己不受伤害。❷A long thin wool coat and a purple headscarf protected her against the wind.一件薄薄的羊毛长大衣和一条紫色头巾为她挡风。❸You'd better wear a pair of sunglasses to protect your eyes from/against being harmed.你最好戴一副太阳镜来保护你的眼睛不受伤害。[即学即练]　单句语法填空①We must ___________ (protect) against sudden attacks.②They set up a wildlife reserve to protect animals from ___________ (hunt).③What can we do to prevent these animals ________ (die) out?④This special cream will protect your skin _________ the burning sun.⑤We were kept ________ going out by the heavy rain.完成句子⑥She ______________________(保护她的眼睛不受阳光照射)with her hand.⑦People ______________________ (被阻止交流) with one another.be protected　being hunted　dyingfrom/againstfromprotected her eyes from the sunare kept from communicating3)be home to (＝be the home of)是……的家园/栖息地/产地 (教材原句)New Zealand is home to nearly 5 million people, 31 million sheep and 10 million cows.新西兰有近500万人口，3 100万只绵羊和1 000万头奶牛。be home to a large variety of wildlife 多种野生动物的栖息地be home to tigers and lions 老虎和狮子的家园❶This large woodland is home to many birds and other wildlife.这片大林地是许多鸟类和其他野生动物的栖息地。❷Henan is home to some of the best scientists in our country.河南是我国一些最优秀的科学家的故乡。feel at home 无拘无束，舒适自在away from home 离开家bring home the bacon 成功；挣钱养家(home 是副词作状语)make one's home 定居，居住drive sth.home 使某事明白无误make oneself at home 随便，别拘束at home and abroad 国内外❸He had a genius for making people feel at home.他有一种能够使人感觉轻松自在的本领。❹I believe that he will bring home the bacon.我相信他一定会成功。❺We must drive home to him where the difficulties lie.我们必须使他彻底明白困难在哪儿。❻You're among friends，so make yourself at home.都是自己人，你别客气了。[联想]　与home相关的谚语：East or west, home is best.金窝银窝，不如自己的狗窝。Every dog is a lion at home.夜郞自大。[即学即练]　单句语法填空①Dubai is home ________ some of the tallest skyscrapers in the world.②We will do everything we can do to accommodate you and make you feel ________ home.选词填空：bring/drive/be/feel③You will really need to ________ your point home.④It was a Sunday, so she ________ at home.⑤Someone has to ________ home the bacon in the family.⑥The Greens did their best to make me ________ at home.to　at　drive　wasbring　feel4)be made up of由……组成/构成 (教材原句)In fact, one third of the country is made up of national parks...事实上，这个国家的三分之一由国家公园组成……❶My diet is made up of meat, fish，vegetables, fruit, water, and milk.我的饮食内容包括肉、鱼、蔬菜、水果、水和牛奶。❷The audience was made up of very young children.观众由小孩子们组成。❸He tried to make up for all the trouble he had caused.他设法弥补他所造成的一切麻烦。❹It was so foggy that the driver could hardly make out the way ahead.浓雾弥漫，司机几乎看不清前面的路。❺I believe I have the talent to make it.我相信我有获得成功的才干。❻We should make the best of this valuable opportunity.我们应该充分利用这个宝贵的机会。❼I have made up my mind，and nothing you say will change it.我已经拿定主意，你讲什么，我都不会改变主意。❽When we fail，we should make full use of our failure and learn from experience.当我们失败时，我们应该充分利用我们的失败，从我们的经验中学习。[注意]　be made up of＝consist of...由……组成/构成，后加组成的成分。consist of 不用于被动语态，不用于进行时态，但可用consisting of作非谓语动词。be composed of和be made up of是被动形式如：The medical team consists of 11 members.＝The medical team is made up of/is composed of 11 members.医疗队由十一个成员组成。[联想]　make out辨认出；明白，理解make it 及时到达；取得成功make the best of 充分利用make up one's mind下定决心make good/full use of 好好/充分利用[即学即练]　单句语法填空①He hadn't been able to make ________ to our dinner.②Encouraged by my parents, I made ________ my mind to study harder.③I worked last Saturday, so I have today off, to make up ________ it.④The course ________ (make) up of 12 two-hour sessions.⑤If you cannot have the best, make the ________ (good) of what you have.⑥Looking through the mist, I could make ________ the figure of a woman standing under the street lamp.it　up　for　is made　best　out5)be hard on sb./sth.严厉对待，严格批评……；对……不公平；损害(某物) ❶Don't be so hard on him. He is only a child of 5 after all.别对他那么严厉，他毕竟才5岁。❷She is a very nice teacher. I have never known her to be hard on her students.她是一位很好的老师。我从未看到她粗暴地对待学生。❸It's hard on John, having to work when the others are just sitting.别人都坐着，而让约翰干活，这对他太不公平了。be cruel to... 对……残忍be kind/good to 对……好be strict with sb. 对某人要求严格be strict in sth. 对某事要求严格[拓展]　be honest with sb.对某人诚实be harmful to对……有坏处[即学即练]　单句语法填空①Cold weather can be hard on pets, just like it can be hard ________ people.②It's hard ________ people who don't have the latest car.③The boss was cruel ________ his workers.④The teacher is very strict ________ her students ________ study.on　on　to　within►第三版块|疑难句型1)as...as sb.can尽可能……地) (教材原句)The most important thing is to protect yourself as much as you can.最重要的事情是尽可能保护自己。[句式分析]as much as you can在句中作状语，修饰动词protect，意为“尽可能地”保护(自己)。❶Find out as much as you can about him and report back to me.尽量查找有关他的资料，向我汇报。as fast as you can 尽可能快地(速度)as hard as you can 尽可能努力地as soon as you can 尽可能快地(时间)as quickly as you can 尽可能快地(动作)❷Esteban had been cycling as hard as he could for hours.埃斯特班已经竭尽全力骑了好几个小时。❸During the race of 200 meters, you should run as fast as you can.在200米赛跑当中，你应该尽可能快地跑。[学法点拨]　as...as one can 可与as...as possible进行同义句转换。This is an urgent document, so you ought to deliver it as soon as you can/as soon as possible.这是一份紧急文件，因此你应该尽快寄送出去。[即学即练]　完成句子①I now look forward to going back to work ________________ (尽快).②Run ______________ (你尽可能快地) so that you can win first place.③你最好尽快为志愿工作做好准备。________________________________________________________as soon as possible　as fast as you canYou'd better be well prepared for the voluntary work as soon as you can/as soon as possible.2)状语从句的省略 (教材原句)If possible, find a strong shelter nearby which will cover your whole body.如果可能的话，就近找一个可以覆盖你全身的坚固的遮蔽物。❶If possible, I wish to go there next summer.如果可能，我希望明年夏天去那里。某些句式经过长期发展已成为固定搭配：if possible 如果可能的话if so 如果是这样的话if not 如果不的话if necessary 如有必要if any 如果有的话if ever 如果有过的话❷If so, you have to suffer from great pressure.如果是这样，你就会承受巨大的压力。❸Do you want that cake? If not，I'll have it.你要那块蛋糕吗？不然我就要了。❹If necessary, he will design another new advertisement.如有必要，他将再设计一个新的广告。❺What if the boy's parents should fall ill?如果那男孩的父母病倒了该怎么办呢？[学法点拨]　在时间、条件、让步、方式状语从句中，如果从句主语与主句主语一致或从句主语是it，且从句谓语中含有be动词，可以将从句中的主语和be动词一起省略，构成“连词＋分词/形容词/介词短语/名词”结构。❻While (I was) walking in the nearby park, I saw a crowd of people dancing.当我在附近的公园散步时，我看到了一群人在跳舞。❼If (you are) accepted for the job，you'll be informed soon.如果被录用，你很快就会得到通知。❽The flowers his friend gave him will die unless (they are) watered every day.他朋友送给他的花如果不天天浇水就会枯萎。❾She went on working though (she was) tired.她虽然累了，但仍继续工作。[归纳拓展]What if...？如果……怎么办？Why not？为什么不呢？What... for？为什么……？ when/where necessary必要的时候/地方[即学即练]　单句语法填空①While ________ (wander), I saw the boy painting a panda on the wall.②When ________ (complete), the museum will be open to the public next year.③Video games can be a poor influence if ________ (leave) in the wrong hands.④The air in the factory is seriously polluted. If ________ (breathe) in, it may result in illness or even death.wandering　completed　left　breathed完成句子⑤I could come earlier ___________ (如果有必要).⑥There are few people nowadays，_______ (如果有的话)，who remember him.⑦She seldom, ______ (如果有过的话)，goes to the movies by herself.⑧I might see you tomorrow.__________(如果不是), then it'll be Saturday.if necessary　if any　if ever　If not3)It is a common saying that...俗话说 (教材原句)．..it's a common saying that in New Zealand, you can get four seasons in one day！……俗话说，在新西兰，一天可以有四个季节！❶It is a common saying that we do not value a thing till we lose it.俗话说，我们直到失去的时候才懂得珍惜。❷It is a common saying that the weather in the UK is changeable.俗话说，英国的天气变化多端。[归纳拓展]　类似的句式结构：It is a pity/shame that...遗憾的是……It's no wonder that...难怪……It was a great pity that he lost the match.他输了这场比赛，真是遗憾。It is no wonder that you're tired.You've been walking for hours.难怪你会累。你已经走了好几个小时了。[即学即练]　完成句子①俗话说，身正不怕影子斜。______________________a clean hand wants no washing.②很遗憾你昨晚没有参加聚会。__________________you didn't attend the party last night.③他成功是不足为奇的。_________________he should have succeeded.It is a common saying thatIt is a great pity thatIt is no wonder that4)“百分数/分数＋of＋名词”作主语 (教材原句)In fact, one third of the country is made up of national parks, which are full of hiking trails and beautiful campsites.事实上，全国三分之一的地区都是国家公园，里面到处是徒步旅行的小径和美丽的露营地。[句式分析]　“百分数/分数＋of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词由名词的数决定。❶One third of the books have been given out to the students in Grade One.三分之一的书已经分发给了一年级的学生。❷One third of the coal has been used up.三分之一的煤已经用光了。[知识拓展]　population单独作主语时，谓语动词用单数，但其前有百分数或分数时，谓语动词常用复数。❸The population of China is larger than that of any other country.中国的人口比其他任何国家都多。❹About 80% of the population in this country are farmers.这个国家大约80%的人口是农民。[拓展]　the majority of...大多数的……，其后接名词作主语时，谓语动词的单复数由其后的名词决定。如：The majority of the students are against/for the plan.大多数学生反对/支持这个计划。[即学即练]　单句语法填空①The Healthy Habits Survey shows that only about one third of American seniors ________ (have) correct habits.②It's been reported that 76 percent of employees in some western countries ________ (be) using emojis at work.③As the world's population ________ (continue) to grow, the supply of food ________ (become) more and more of concern.④One third of the country ________ (be) covered with trees and the majority of the citizens ________ (be) black people.⑤The majority of citizens of the country ________ (be) against the bill (法案).have　are　continuesbecomesisare　are5)whether...or...不管……还是…… (教材原句)．..Mr Wang's advice is to move away from things that can break or fall, whether you are inside or outside.……王先生的建议是，无论你是在室内还是户外，都要远离那些可能断裂或坠落的东西。[句式分析]　whether...or...“不管……还是……”，在句中引导让步状语从句，表示在从句所提供的两种选择之下，主句所表示的结果都一样。❶Whether you're looking for educational fun, or just some laid-back beach time, all you need to do is hit the road.无论你是在寻找寓教于乐的乐趣，还是只是在沙滩上享受悠闲时光，你所需要做的就是要在路上。[联想]　whether除了用于whether...or...结构外，还可用于whether...or not和whether or not...结构，这三个结构既可以引导让步状语从句，也可以引导名词性从句。❷Whether you believe it or not, it is true.不管你是否相信，它都是真的。(让步状语从句)❸It remains to be seen whether or not this idea can be put into practice.这一想法能否付诸实践还有待观察。(主语从句)[归纳拓展]　作“是……还是……”讲，可引导主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句，用于提供两种选择。Whether they consider this opinion or ignore it is not clear.(＝It is not clear whether they consider this opinion or ignore it.)他们是考虑这个意见还是忽视它还不清楚。(主语从句)[即学即练]　完成句子①我不能确定远处那是瀑布还是喷泉。I can't figure out ________ it is a waterfall ________ a fountain far away.②不管是偶然还是有意安排，他对时机的把握堪称完美。________ by accident ________ design his timing was perfect.③我们似乎拿不定主意是要一个现代的城市还是传统的城市。We can't seem to make up our minds ________ we want a modern city ________ a traditional one.whetheror　Whetherorwhetheror④关于学生是否应该把手机带到学校这一问题一直争论不休。There is always a debate about ________ students should carry mobile phones to school ________．⑤这完全取决于她是否有时间。It all depends on ____________ she has the time.whetheror notwhether or notⅠ.单词拼写1．The first thing he did was to find ________ (遮蔽) from the hurricane.2．The scientists will study the variety of trees and ________ (观察)which are fruiting.3．Even though it's the prototype for ________ (独创性), it's also something very disturbing and harmful.4．The _____________ (消失) of the wolves had many unexpected results.5．Peter might look a bit fierce, but actually he's fairly ________ (无害的)shelterobserve　originalitydisappearanceharmless6．After a big earthquake happens, several ________ (余震) will surely follow.7．Do you like ________ (滑雪运动)？If so, let's go ________ (滑雪) this afternoon.8．In his spare time she often goes door to door, gathering some ________ (金属) boxes.9．The high price ________ (吓) away many possible buyers.10．Here are some ________ (小册子)for you to give out among the crowds.aftershocks　skiingskiing　metalscares　brochuresⅡ.短语填空a bit, make up, thanks to, (be) hard on, hold on1．Looking at a smartphone screen all day can he very _______ the eyes.2．Everyone knows about last year's drought now, ________ you.3．Women officers _________ 13 percent of the police force in this area.4．Despite the pain, I stayed the course walking ________ and then running again.5．His right arm was extended up beside his head, still ____________ to a coffee cup.hard onthanks tomake upa bit　holding onⅢ.单句语法填空A 1．If landslide or debris flow danger is imminent, quickly move ________ from the path of the slide.2．________ instance, one of the apps the students are developing suggests movies are based on your mood.3．To test the effect of social influence on ________ (eat) habits, the researchers conducted two experiments. 4.We encourage students to participate fully ________ the running of the college overseas.5．No one knows for sure why adolescence is unique ________ humans.6．Mumbai is thought to be home ________ millions of rag-pickers.awayFor　eating　in　to　toB1．[浙江卷]People often think of gossipers as ________ (harm), but cruel lies can cause pain.2．[2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷]A few years later, still attracted to the country, he returned to Uzbekistan to write an article about the ________ (disappear) of the Aral Sea.1．答案与解析：harmless　根据连词but可知，前后语意是转折关系，后面提及“残酷的谎言会造成痛苦”，那么由此推知，前面是说“人们常常认为搬弄是非的人是无害的”。2．答案与解析：disappearance　作介词about的宾语，且被the限定，用名词形式。句意：几年后，他仍然被这个国家所吸引，回到乌兹别克斯坦来写一篇关于咸海消失的文章。3．[2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷]He realized that it was because there weren't enough trees to protect them ________ the heat.4．[2020·天津二考]Libraries will often hold reading-group sessions targeted to ________ (vary) age groups.3．答案与解析：from　protect...from...保护……免受……。句意：他意识到这是因为没有足够多的树来保护它们免受高温的侵害。4．答案与解析：various/varied　此处用形容词作定语，修饰age groups。句意：图书馆将会经常举办针对不同年龄段的阅读小组会议。5．[全国Ⅰ卷]She encouraged a sense of community by creating ________ (shelter) and promoting education and services for people in need.6．[2020·天津二考]After years of ________ (observe) human nature, I have decided that two qualities make the difference between men of great achievement and men of average performance: curiosity and discontent.5．答案与解析：shelters　此处shelter是可数名词，建立不止一个shelter，故用复数。句意：她通过为有需要的人建立庇护所和提升教育和服务来促进社区意识。6．答案与解析：observing　介词of后跟动名词作宾语。句意：经过多年对人性的观察，我认为成就斐然的人和表现平平的人的区别在于两种品质：好奇心和不满足。Ⅳ.完成句子1．一些主人会把动物长期留在外面，以为所有的动物都习惯于户外生活。Some owners will leave their animals outside for a long period of time，thinking that all animals _____________living outdoors.2．青少年们被鼓励照顾受伤的小动物。The teenagers are encouraged to __________ the injured small animals.3．人类的行为对气候有影响吗？Does the human's behaviour ______________ climate?are/get used to　take care ofhave an effect on4．然而，我了解到，在内心深处，他是无害的，诚实的，有一个爱的本性。Yet，I learned that deep inside，he is ________ and has honesty and ____________．5．这里有给孩子们提供的各种活动。There is ___________ activities for children.harmlessa loving naturea full range of