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UNIT 11 Period Six基础练 (建议用时：10分钟) Ⅰ．单词拼写 1．The owl is ________ (神圣的) for many Californian Indian people.2．Heavy drinking can cause ________ (永久的) damage to the brain.3．She fell awkwardly and broke her ________ (脚踝).4．Two wooden beams had come ________ (松的) from the ceiling.5．If you ________ (请求) something, you ask for it politely or formally.6．If a sick person makes a r________ , he or she becomes well again.7．G________ is the desire to have more of something, such as food or money, than is necessary or fair.【答案】1．sacred 2．permanent 3．ankle 4．loose 5．request 6．recovery 7．Greed Ⅱ．单句语法填空 1．Some people no longer talk of the ________ (permanent) of marriage.2．Picnickers ________________ (request) not to leave litter behind, eg. on a notice.3．He attacked ________ (greed) bosses for awarding themselves big raises.4．The investigation had aimed at a ________ (loose) organised group of criminals.5．Interest-rate cuts have failed to bring about economic ________ (recover).6．Have you had your “white funeral”， or are you ________________ (sacred) playing the fool with your soul?【答案】1．permanence 2．are requested 3．greedy 4．loosely 5．recovery 6．sacredly Ⅲ．完成句子 1．The coast road was closed ________________ the bad weather.由于天气恶劣，滨海公路被封闭了。2．I disgraced myself by drinking ________ .我喝酒过多出了洋相。3．The main computers ________________ for 30 minutes.这些主机出了30分钟的故障。4．Any weapon could ____________________ severe weather conditions.任何武器应能经得住任何严酷的气候条件。5．Millions will face starvation next year ____________________________ the drought.由于发生旱灾，明年将有数百万人面临饥饿的威胁。6．He’s the best teacher, ________________ he has the least experience.他虽然经验最少，却是最出色的老师。7．Let our memories ______________________ us. Let our love overcome all.让记忆永驻我们心中。让我们的爱征服一切。8．Don’t ________________ the computer before closing all programmes or you could have problems.在关闭所有程序之前不要关掉电脑，否则可能会出现问题。9．All people who __________________________________ freedom have taken the winning side.所有热爱自由的人都取得了胜利。【答案】1．due to 2．far too much 3．went down 4．stand up to 5．as a result of 6．even though 7．live on in 8．turn off 9．take the side of 提升练 (建议用时：15分钟) Ⅰ．七选五 The UK，Finland，Germany and Sweden are consistently the top performers in European tech ecosystems. These countries also have the largest economies in Europe. __1__ Well, let’s find out now.__2__ Even more amazing? This country is home to many basic scientific principles. The world’s first steam engines，electric motors, the Internet, and the jet engine are all inventions of this country. The UK government and its businesses have been spending billions of dollars on research and development to drive innovation in Biotech.Finland is second in digital life overall，and first in cashless payment. This is because the Internet plays a vital role in Finland’s digital life. High-speed Internet access and freedom of speech make the Finnish ecosystem more sustainable，with good Internet access and mobile coverage in remote areas. __3__ Since the beginning，Germany’s industry has supported scientific research. German society and economy take pride in their research-development efforts. __4__ Mercedes，BMW，and Volkswagen are some examples.Sweden is a leader in technological innovation，with remarkable achievements in web development and mobile apps. For years，Ericsson and other large tech companies dominated the market. __5__ Other Swedish companies like Spotify, Torrent and Skype are now leading the charge.Above are some European countries with the most advanced technological and digital expertise. As we know，the race for technological progress between countries is never over.A．Here comes the truth.B．The tide has turned today.C．Most residents there can switch on easily.D．We want to see how Europe’s tech countries compare.E．Not all the countries experienced the smooth development.F．This is supported by evidence from global automotive brands.G．The British Empire was once the most developed country in the world.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章比较了欧洲科技生态系统中表现最好的国家——英国、芬兰、德国和瑞典。1．D 根据空后的“Well, let’s find out now. ”以及第二段中的“The UK government and its businesses have been spending billions of dollars on research and development to drive innovation in Biotech(英国政府及其企业已经在研发上投入了数十亿美元，以推动生物技术的创新). ”、第三段中的“Finland is second in digital life overall, and first in cashless payment. ”、第四段中的“Since the beginning, Germany’s industry has supported scientific research. ”和第五段中的“Sweden is a leader in technological innovation, with remarkable achievements in web development and mobile apps(瑞典是技术创新的领导者，在网页开发和移动应用方面取得了卓越的成就). ”可知，下文是对这四个国家的技术进行了比较。D项“We want to see how Europe’s tech countries compare. ”可以引出下文，且D项中“Europe’s tech countries”指代的就是上文中的“The UK, Finland, Germany and Sweden ”，与下文中比较的国家也一致。故选D项。2．G 根据下文的“The UK government and its businesses have been spending billions of dollars on research and development to drive innovation in Biotech(英国政府及其企业已经在研发上投入了数十亿美元，以推动生物技术的创新). ”可知，本段讲的是英国的科技。G项“The British Empire was once the most developed country in the world. ”可作本段的主题句。而且“Even more amazing？”是对上一句的肯定和对下文“This country is home to many basic scientific principles(这个国家有许多基本的科学原理). ”的铺垫，“This country”指的就是G项中的“The British Empire”。故选G项。3．C 上文的“High-speed Internet access and freedom of speech make the Finnish ecosystem more sustainable, with good Internet access and mobile coverage in remote areas(高速互联网接入和言论自由使芬兰的生态系统更具可持续性，在偏远地区有良好的互联网接入和移动覆盖). ”说明了网络很好地覆盖了芬兰的偏远地区。C项“Most residents there can switch on easily. ”与上文意义一致，且C项中的“there”指上文中的“in remote areas”。故选C项。4．F 下文的“Mercedes, BMW and Volkswagen are some examples. ”属于汽车品牌。F项“This is supported by evidence from global automotive brands. ”能够自然引出下文。故选F项。5．B 上文的“For years, Ericsson and other large tech companies dominated the market. ”与下文“Other Swedish companies like Spotify, Torrent and Skype are now leading the charge(其他瑞典公司，如Spotify、Torrent和Skype，现在正在引领这一潮流). ”形成了转折，即主导的科技公司发生了变化。B项“The tide has turned today. ”作为过渡句，符合语境。故选B项。Ⅱ．阅读理解 Search online “work too much” and you’ll get screenfuls of information about the harmful medical，mental and social consequences of spending too much time on the job. However，under current circumstances，the old saying “All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. ” should be “makes Jack a dead boy”.A latest study by WHO says that working 55 or more hours a week is a “serious health risk”. It estimates that long working hours led to 745，000 deaths worldwide in 2016，a 29 percent increase over 2000．Men accounted for 72 percent of the deaths; the worst concentrations were in the Western Pacific and Southeast Asia，and particularly among 60-to-79-year-olds who had worked long hours after the age of 45.These figures make long working hours the biggest work-related health risk of all. Risk of a stroke rises by 35 percent and of deadly heart disease by 17 percent for those who can’t or won’t stop working，compared with people who work 35 to 40 hours a week.The pandemic，and especially remote work，has created new opportunities to work too hard. The WHO director-general，Dr. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus，noted that teleworking has blurred the line between work and home and that people who have survived layoffs (裁员) at struggling businesses have ended up working longer hours. One survey found an overwhelming majority of American employees have shortened，postponed or canceled vacations during the pandemic.The red flags about overwork have been waving for years all around the world. Exhaustion has been identified as a factor in industrial disasters like the BP oil refinery explosion in Texas City in 2005 and the nuclear accident at Three Mile Island. In Japan，long working hours are so common that “karoshi”， translated as “death by overwork”， is a legally recognized cause of death.So，working less is a matter of life and death, isn’t it?1．How does the writer illustrate the risk of overwork in Paragraph 3?A．By giving examples. B．By listing opinions.C．By analyzing causes. D．By describing actions.2．According to Dr. Ghebreyesus，which of the following is a reason for overworking in the pandemic?A．The inconvenience in travelling.B．The loss of work-home boundaries.C．The increased enthusiasm for work.D．The lack of interest in entertainment.3．What is the main idea of paragraph 5?A．Working less is a matter of life and death.B．Japan is known for its culture of overworking.C．The harm of overwork has long been acknowledged.D．Overwork is a major reason behind industrial disasters.4．Where can you most likely find this passage?A．In a college textbook of medicine.B．In a guidebook for workplace newcomers.C．In the “opinion” column of a newspaper.D．In the brochure of a Japanese company.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。世界卫生组织的一项最新研究表明，每周工作55小时或更长时间存在着“严重的健康风险”。文章主要讲述了长时间工作已成为所有与工作相关的健康风险中最大的一个。1．A 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“These figures make long working hours the biggest work-related health risk of all. Risk of a stroke rises by 35 percent and of deadly heart disease by 17 percent for those who can’t or won’t stop working, compared with people who work 35 to 40 hours a week(这些数字使长时间工作成为所有与工作相关的健康风险中最大的一个。与每周工作35到40小时的人相比，那些不能或不愿停止工作的人患中风和致命性心脏病的风险增加了35%，而那些不能或不愿停止工作的人患心脏病的风险增加了17% ). ”可知，本段主要介绍了长时间工作成为所有与工作相关的健康风险中最大的一个。为了说明此观点，接下来的内容为具体的事例说明了长时间工作带来的健康的风险。由此可知，论证方式为列举事例。故选A项。2．B 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The WHO director-general, Dr. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, noted that teleworking has blurred the line between work and home and that people who have survived layoffs(裁员) at struggling businesses have ended up working longer hours(世界卫生组织总干事Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus博士指出，远程办公模糊了工作和家庭之间的界限，那些在苦苦挣扎的企业中幸存下来的人最终工作时间更长了). ”可知，在该博士看来，由于远程办公模糊了工作和家庭之间的界限，使得疫情中工作的人们的工作时间更长了。故选B项。3．C 段落大意题。根据倒数第二段前两句中的“The red flags about overwork have been waving for years all around the world. Exhaustion has been identified as a factor in industrial disasters like the BP oil refinery explosion in Texas City in 2005 and the nuclear accident at Three Mile Island(多年来关于过度劳累的危险信号已经在世界各地存在。疲劳已被确定为工业灾难的一个因素，如2005年英国石油公司在德克萨斯城的炼油厂爆炸和三里岛的核事故). ”可知，本段主要介绍了多年来世界各地都承认过度劳累会带来危险。故选C项。4．C 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其结合第一段中的“However, under current circumstances, the old saying ’All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. ’ should be ’makes Jack a dead boy’ (然而，在目前的情况下，老话说得好： ’只工作不玩耍，杰克也变傻。’应该是’让杰克变成死人’). ”及第二段第一句“A latest study by WHO says that working 55 or more hours a week is a ’serious health risk’ (世界卫生组织的一项最新研究表明，每周工作55小时或更长时间是 ’严重的健康风险’). ”可知，本文论述了长时间工作已成为“严重的健康风险”。因此文章很有可能出自报纸上的“观点”栏目。故选C项。
UNIT 11 Period Six基础练 (建议用时：10分钟) Ⅰ．单词拼写 1．The owl is ________ (神圣的) for many Californian Indian people.2．Heavy drinking can cause ________ (永久的) damage to the brain.3．She fell awkwardly and broke her ________ (脚踝).4．Two wooden beams had come ________ (松的) from the ceiling.5．If you ________ (请求) something, you ask for it politely or formally.6．If a sick person makes a r________ , he or she becomes well again.7．G________ is the desire to have more of something, such as food or money, than is necessary or fair.【答案】1．sacred 2．permanent 3．ankle 4．loose 5．request 6．recovery 7．Greed Ⅱ．单句语法填空 1．Some people no longer talk of the ________ (permanent) of marriage.2．Picnickers ________________ (request) not to leave litter behind, eg. on a notice.3．He attacked ________ (greed) bosses for awarding themselves big raises.4．The investigation had aimed at a ________ (loose) organised group of criminals.5．Interest-rate cuts have failed to bring about economic ________ (recover).6．Have you had your “white funeral”， or are you ________________ (sacred) playing the fool with your soul?【答案】1．permanence 2．are requested 3．greedy 4．loosely 5．recovery 6．sacredly Ⅲ．完成句子 1．The coast road was closed ________________ the bad weather.由于天气恶劣，滨海公路被封闭了。2．I disgraced myself by drinking ________ .我喝酒过多出了洋相。3．The main computers ________________ for 30 minutes.这些主机出了30分钟的故障。4．Any weapon could ____________________ severe weather conditions.任何武器应能经得住任何严酷的气候条件。5．Millions will face starvation next year ____________________________ the drought.由于发生旱灾，明年将有数百万人面临饥饿的威胁。6．He’s the best teacher, ________________ he has the least experience.他虽然经验最少，却是最出色的老师。7．Let our memories ______________________ us. Let our love overcome all.让记忆永驻我们心中。让我们的爱征服一切。8．Don’t ________________ the computer before closing all programmes or you could have problems.在关闭所有程序之前不要关掉电脑，否则可能会出现问题。9．All people who __________________________________ freedom have taken the winning side.所有热爱自由的人都取得了胜利。【答案】1．due to 2．far too much 3．went down 4．stand up to 5．as a result of 6．even though 7．live on in 8．turn off 9．take the side of 提升练 (建议用时：15分钟) Ⅰ．七选五 The UK，Finland，Germany and Sweden are consistently the top performers in European tech ecosystems. These countries also have the largest economies in Europe. __1__ Well, let’s find out now.__2__ Even more amazing? This country is home to many basic scientific principles. The world’s first steam engines，electric motors, the Internet, and the jet engine are all inventions of this country. The UK government and its businesses have been spending billions of dollars on research and development to drive innovation in Biotech.Finland is second in digital life overall，and first in cashless payment. This is because the Internet plays a vital role in Finland’s digital life. High-speed Internet access and freedom of speech make the Finnish ecosystem more sustainable，with good Internet access and mobile coverage in remote areas. __3__ Since the beginning，Germany’s industry has supported scientific research. German society and economy take pride in their research-development efforts. __4__ Mercedes，BMW，and Volkswagen are some examples.Sweden is a leader in technological innovation，with remarkable achievements in web development and mobile apps. For years，Ericsson and other large tech companies dominated the market. __5__ Other Swedish companies like Spotify, Torrent and Skype are now leading the charge.Above are some European countries with the most advanced technological and digital expertise. As we know，the race for technological progress between countries is never over.A．Here comes the truth.B．The tide has turned today.C．Most residents there can switch on easily.D．We want to see how Europe’s tech countries compare.E．Not all the countries experienced the smooth development.F．This is supported by evidence from global automotive brands.G．The British Empire was once the most developed country in the world.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章比较了欧洲科技生态系统中表现最好的国家——英国、芬兰、德国和瑞典。1．D 根据空后的“Well, let’s find out now. ”以及第二段中的“The UK government and its businesses have been spending billions of dollars on research and development to drive innovation in Biotech(英国政府及其企业已经在研发上投入了数十亿美元，以推动生物技术的创新). ”、第三段中的“Finland is second in digital life overall, and first in cashless payment. ”、第四段中的“Since the beginning, Germany’s industry has supported scientific research. ”和第五段中的“Sweden is a leader in technological innovation, with remarkable achievements in web development and mobile apps(瑞典是技术创新的领导者，在网页开发和移动应用方面取得了卓越的成就). ”可知，下文是对这四个国家的技术进行了比较。D项“We want to see how Europe’s tech countries compare. ”可以引出下文，且D项中“Europe’s tech countries”指代的就是上文中的“The UK, Finland, Germany and Sweden ”，与下文中比较的国家也一致。故选D项。2．G 根据下文的“The UK government and its businesses have been spending billions of dollars on research and development to drive innovation in Biotech(英国政府及其企业已经在研发上投入了数十亿美元，以推动生物技术的创新). ”可知，本段讲的是英国的科技。G项“The British Empire was once the most developed country in the world. ”可作本段的主题句。而且“Even more amazing？”是对上一句的肯定和对下文“This country is home to many basic scientific principles(这个国家有许多基本的科学原理). ”的铺垫，“This country”指的就是G项中的“The British Empire”。故选G项。3．C 上文的“High-speed Internet access and freedom of speech make the Finnish ecosystem more sustainable, with good Internet access and mobile coverage in remote areas(高速互联网接入和言论自由使芬兰的生态系统更具可持续性，在偏远地区有良好的互联网接入和移动覆盖). ”说明了网络很好地覆盖了芬兰的偏远地区。C项“Most residents there can switch on easily. ”与上文意义一致，且C项中的“there”指上文中的“in remote areas”。故选C项。4．F 下文的“Mercedes, BMW and Volkswagen are some examples. ”属于汽车品牌。F项“This is supported by evidence from global automotive brands. ”能够自然引出下文。故选F项。5．B 上文的“For years, Ericsson and other large tech companies dominated the market. ”与下文“Other Swedish companies like Spotify, Torrent and Skype are now leading the charge(其他瑞典公司，如Spotify、Torrent和Skype，现在正在引领这一潮流). ”形成了转折，即主导的科技公司发生了变化。B项“The tide has turned today. ”作为过渡句，符合语境。故选B项。Ⅱ．阅读理解 Search online “work too much” and you’ll get screenfuls of information about the harmful medical，mental and social consequences of spending too much time on the job. However，under current circumstances，the old saying “All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. ” should be “makes Jack a dead boy”.A latest study by WHO says that working 55 or more hours a week is a “serious health risk”. It estimates that long working hours led to 745，000 deaths worldwide in 2016，a 29 percent increase over 2000．Men accounted for 72 percent of the deaths; the worst concentrations were in the Western Pacific and Southeast Asia，and particularly among 60-to-79-year-olds who had worked long hours after the age of 45.These figures make long working hours the biggest work-related health risk of all. Risk of a stroke rises by 35 percent and of deadly heart disease by 17 percent for those who can’t or won’t stop working，compared with people who work 35 to 40 hours a week.The pandemic，and especially remote work，has created new opportunities to work too hard. The WHO director-general，Dr. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus，noted that teleworking has blurred the line between work and home and that people who have survived layoffs (裁员) at struggling businesses have ended up working longer hours. One survey found an overwhelming majority of American employees have shortened，postponed or canceled vacations during the pandemic.The red flags about overwork have been waving for years all around the world. Exhaustion has been identified as a factor in industrial disasters like the BP oil refinery explosion in Texas City in 2005 and the nuclear accident at Three Mile Island. In Japan，long working hours are so common that “karoshi”， translated as “death by overwork”， is a legally recognized cause of death.So，working less is a matter of life and death, isn’t it?1．How does the writer illustrate the risk of overwork in Paragraph 3?A．By giving examples. B．By listing opinions.C．By analyzing causes. D．By describing actions.2．According to Dr. Ghebreyesus，which of the following is a reason for overworking in the pandemic?A．The inconvenience in travelling.B．The loss of work-home boundaries.C．The increased enthusiasm for work.D．The lack of interest in entertainment.3．What is the main idea of paragraph 5?A．Working less is a matter of life and death.B．Japan is known for its culture of overworking.C．The harm of overwork has long been acknowledged.D．Overwork is a major reason behind industrial disasters.4．Where can you most likely find this passage?A．In a college textbook of medicine.B．In a guidebook for workplace newcomers.C．In the “opinion” column of a newspaper.D．In the brochure of a Japanese company.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。世界卫生组织的一项最新研究表明，每周工作55小时或更长时间存在着“严重的健康风险”。文章主要讲述了长时间工作已成为所有与工作相关的健康风险中最大的一个。1．A 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“These figures make long working hours the biggest work-related health risk of all. Risk of a stroke rises by 35 percent and of deadly heart disease by 17 percent for those who can’t or won’t stop working, compared with people who work 35 to 40 hours a week(这些数字使长时间工作成为所有与工作相关的健康风险中最大的一个。与每周工作35到40小时的人相比，那些不能或不愿停止工作的人患中风和致命性心脏病的风险增加了35%，而那些不能或不愿停止工作的人患心脏病的风险增加了17% ). ”可知，本段主要介绍了长时间工作成为所有与工作相关的健康风险中最大的一个。为了说明此观点，接下来的内容为具体的事例说明了长时间工作带来的健康的风险。由此可知，论证方式为列举事例。故选A项。2．B 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The WHO director-general, Dr. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, noted that teleworking has blurred the line between work and home and that people who have survived layoffs(裁员) at struggling businesses have ended up working longer hours(世界卫生组织总干事Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus博士指出，远程办公模糊了工作和家庭之间的界限，那些在苦苦挣扎的企业中幸存下来的人最终工作时间更长了). ”可知，在该博士看来，由于远程办公模糊了工作和家庭之间的界限，使得疫情中工作的人们的工作时间更长了。故选B项。3．C 段落大意题。根据倒数第二段前两句中的“The red flags about overwork have been waving for years all around the world. Exhaustion has been identified as a factor in industrial disasters like the BP oil refinery explosion in Texas City in 2005 and the nuclear accident at Three Mile Island(多年来关于过度劳累的危险信号已经在世界各地存在。疲劳已被确定为工业灾难的一个因素，如2005年英国石油公司在德克萨斯城的炼油厂爆炸和三里岛的核事故). ”可知，本段主要介绍了多年来世界各地都承认过度劳累会带来危险。故选C项。4．C 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其结合第一段中的“However, under current circumstances, the old saying ’All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. ’ should be ’makes Jack a dead boy’ (然而，在目前的情况下，老话说得好： ’只工作不玩耍，杰克也变傻。’应该是’让杰克变成死人’). ”及第二段第一句“A latest study by WHO says that working 55 or more hours a week is a ’serious health risk’ (世界卫生组织的一项最新研究表明，每周工作55小时或更长时间是 ’严重的健康风险’). ”可知，本文论述了长时间工作已成为“严重的健康风险”。因此文章很有可能出自报纸上的“观点”栏目。故选C项。
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