还剩16页未读，
继续阅读
所属成套资源：全套北师大版高中英语选择性必修第四册作业含答案
成套系列资料，整套一键下载
北师大版高中英语选择性必修第四册UNIT 11作业含答案
展开
这是一份北师大版高中英语选择性必修第四册UNIT 11作业含答案，共19页。
UNIT 11 CONFLICT AND COMPROMISE (满分：120分 建议用时：120分钟) 第一部分 阅读(共两节， 满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分， 满分37.5分) A PRACTITIONERS (2023年全国乙卷) 1．What did Jacqueline and James have in common?A．Doing teaching jobs. B．Being hired as physicians.C．Performing surgery. D．Being banned from medicine.2．How was Tan Yunxian different from the other practitioners?A．She wrote a book. B．She went through trials.C．She worked as a dentist. D．She had formal education.3．Who was the first African American with a medical degree?A．Jacqueline Felice de Almania. B．Tan Yunxian.C．James Barry. D．Rebecca Lee Crumpler.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四位女性从医人员的生平与事迹。1．C 细节理解题。根据文章第一部分中的“Born to a Jewish family in Florence, she moved to Paris where she worked as a physician and performed surgery. ”以及第二部分中的“She qualified as a surgeon in 1813…”和“Barry retired in 1859, having practiced her entire medical profession living and working as a man(Barry于1859年退休，她以男人的身份生活和工作，从事了整个医学职业). ”可知，Jacqueline和James的共同点是都有资格进行外科手术。故选C项。2．A 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是根据文章第三部分中的“Tan wrote a book, Sayings of a Female Doctor, describing her life as a physician(Tan写了一本书《女医生的故事》，描述了她作为一名医生的生活). ”可推知，Tan与其他从业人员的不同之处在于她写了一本书。故选A项。3．D 细节理解题。根据文章第一部分中的“Four years later, she was the first African American woman to receive a medical degree(四年后，她成为第一位获得医学学位的非裔美国女性). ”可知，Rebecca Lee Crumpler是第一位获得医学学位的非裔美国人。故选D项。B Katie always knew she wanted to be a performer. She was fond of Disney movies from an early age and would often sing along with her mum, Karen.When Katie was nine years old, her happy childhood took a turn when her mother was diagnosed with cancer. When the doctor informed the Whetsell family that Karen’s disease was terminal, they made a decision. Disney World had been a longtime dream vacation for Karen. So in November 1997, the family packed up and headed to Disney World. Katie says she’ll never forget the moment that changed her life on that trip: After a long day at the parks, the Whetsells decided to see one of Disney World’s many nightly light shows. While watching, a Disney cast member performing in the parade came up to her mum and rested her hand on Karen’s shoulder. They exchanged smiles and, to this day, Katie remembered how at peace her mum looked. The whole family was touched and moved to tears. This was the day Katie decided she wanted to work for Disney.After graduating from college, Katie went on to pursue performing for a living. She struggled for years, working as a waitress and trying to make it as an actor. Her hard work and passion finally paid off when she was hired to work on Disney Cruise Lines in 2009．Katie’s favourite friend in the Disney World is Dory in Finding Nemo the Musical. She says that Dory has taught her the value of living in the present moment and to “just keep swimming”.Katie has never lost sight of the fact that she and others who work for the company bring joy to the lives of many every day. “Everything we do at the parks makes a difference to many families. It’s a way for us to help them forget. It’s amazing to be able to comfort others. ” When asked what her mother would think of her working at Disney World, she takes a deep breath and allows the tears to flow. “I just feel like she’d be so proud. I can feel her presence often and I feel her having a part in what I do. It’s perfect. ” 4．Why did the Whetsell family decide to go to Disney World in November 1997?A．The Disney World has always been a good place for vacation.B．Karen was seriously ill and Disney World was what she had dreamed for.C．The Whetsell family were all fond of Disney characters.D．Katie always wanted to go to the Disney World to be a performer.5．What happened during the Disney trip that changed Katie’s life?A．Katie took part in the parade performance and realised her dream.B．The whole family enjoyed themselves in the nightly light shows.C．A performer in the Disney parade brought comfort to her mum.D．Karen was invited to perform with cast members and she felt satisfied.6．What’s the purpose to mention Katie’s favourite friend Dory?A．To inform us more of Katie’s struggling life.B．To introduce another Disney character named Dory.C．To imply Katie’s understanding of life.D．To tell us the importance to keep going.7．Which of the following can best describe Katie’s personality?A．Intelligent and industrious. B．Diligent and dependent.C．Selfless and sympathetic. D．Persistent and positive.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。从小对迪士尼电影着迷的Katie Whetsell，在九岁时，因为母亲病重一家人决定去迪士尼度过一段梦想的假期。这让Katie有了一个新的梦想，就是为迪士尼工作。在为迪士尼工作的10年期间里，Katie的工作就是给来自世界各地的家庭带来快乐。在母亲去世后，Katie继续追求自己的演艺生涯，经过一番努力，最后取得了成功。4．B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的 “When Katie was nine years old, her happy childhood took a turn when her mother was diagnosed with cancer. When the doctor informed the Whetsell family that Karen’s disease was terminal, they made a decision. ”可知，在Katie九岁时，她快乐的童年发生了变化，因为她的母亲被诊断出癌症。当医生告诉Whetsell一家Karen的病已经是晚期时，他们做了一个决定。由此可知，Whetsell一家决定在1997年11月去迪士尼乐园是因为Karen病得很重，而迪士尼乐园又是她梦寐以求的地方。故选B项。5．C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“While watching, a Disney cast member performing in the parade came up to her mum and rested her hand on Karen’s shoulder. They exchanged smiles and, to this day, Katie remembered how at peace her mum looked. The whole family was touched and moved to tears. ”可知，在观看的过程中，一名迪士尼演员在游行队伍中表演，她走到妈妈面前，把手放在Karen的肩膀上。她们交换着微笑，直到今天，Katie还记得她妈妈看上去是多么安详。全家人都感动得流下了眼泪。由此可知，迪士尼游行中的一名表演者给她妈妈带来了安慰，改变了Katie的生活。故选C项。6．C 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“She says that Dory has taught her the value of living in the present moment and to ’just keep swimming’. ”可知，Dory教会了她活在当下的价值，鼓励让她继续坚持不懈。由此可推知，提到Karen最喜欢的迪士尼朋友是Dory的目的在于暗示Karen对生活的理解。故选C项。(注：短语just keep swimming意为“坚持不懈”。这是一句来自于电影《海底总动员》的名言，意思是在面对困难时要坚持不懈地前进。) 7．D 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Katie has never lost sight of the fact that she and others who work for the company bring joy to the lives of many every day. ”可知，Karen从未忘记，她和其他在公司工作的人每天都给许多人的生活带来欢乐。结合文章内容可知，文章记叙了从小对迪士尼电影着迷的Karen Whetsell，在九岁时，因为母亲病重一家人决定去迪士尼度过一段梦想的假期。这让Karen有了一个新的梦想：就是为迪士尼工作。在为迪士尼工作的10年期间里，Karen的工作就是给来自世界各地的家庭带来快乐。在2003年，母亲去世后，Karen继续追求自己的演艺生涯，经过一番努力，她最后取得了成功。由此可推知，Karen的个性是执着和积极的。故选D项。C HARBIN — Qiu Shi and her coworkers often spend a dozen hours on patrol(巡逻) in the mountains, with only bread and cookies to eat. They are members of the first all-woman patrol team in the Northeast China Tiger and Leopard National Park, which was established in 2019 to help with wildlife protection and provide employment for local women.Qiu, 36, is the oldest of the six guards, all of whom were born in the 1980s and 1990s. They are in charge of protecting Siberian tigers, Amur leopards and other wildlife in the park. She said that her job has brought her closer to nature, and that she is grateful for the opportunity to protect wild animals and their habitats.Each patrol they conduct in the mountains requires tens of thousands of steps. In summer, their clothes are soaked(浸泡) in sweat. In winter, the temperature can drop to -20℃. Before heading into the snow-covered mountains, members cheer each other on, shouting, “Let’s go! Come on！” This has become an expression of power that keeps them going.According to Qiu, the animals are like their friends, and the most exciting thing about patrolling the mountains is checking the cameras monitoring their movements. “Every time we see an image of a Siberian tiger sleeping or wandering about in a leisurely manner, we are excited，” she said, “it’s like finding treasure. ” The images collected by the team suggest that the wildlife populations are expanding. “Our efforts have achieved results，” Qiu said, noting that the data will be provided to experts to study the movements of Siberian tigers, Amur leopards and other animals.During patrols, team members put grass, grain and other food at feeding points to help the wildlife. They also rescue injured animals wherever they find them. Despite various difficulties, Qiu said she intends to continue, determined to protect the wildlife of this important natural habitat.8．Where is the text most likely taken from?A．An essay review. B．An animal journal.C．A health magazine. D．A weekly newspaper.9．What keeps these women going?A．The requirements of their job.B．The power of modern technology.C．The encouragement from teammates.D．The cameras’ monitoring their movements.10．Which of the following can best describe their patrol work?A．Boring but well-paid. B．Dangerous but exciting.C．Difficult but unavoidable. D．Demanding but rewarding.11．What is the best title for the text?A．Females Keep Watch on Wildlife B．Tigers Find Food at Feeding Points C．A Job Brings Women Close to Nature D．A National Park Provides Employment 【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了东北虎豹国家公园第一支全女性巡逻队及巡逻队的工作内容。8．D 推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知，哈尔滨的Qiu Shi和她的同事经常在山里巡逻十几个小时，只有面包和饼干可以吃。她们是我国东北虎豹国家公园第一支全女性巡逻队的成员，该巡逻队成立于2019年，旨在帮助保护野生动物并为当地妇女提供就业机会。文章主要报道了该女性巡逻队及其工作内容。由此可推测出，本文可能出自一份周报。故选D项。9．C 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Before heading into the snow-covered mountains, members cheer each other on, shouting, ’Let’s go! Come on！’ This has become an expression of power that keeps them going. ”可知，来自队友们的鼓励使这些女性继续下去。故选C项。10．D 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Each patrol they conduct in the mountains requires tens of thousands of steps. In summer, their clothes are soaked in sweat. ”以及第四段“’Every time we see an image of a Siberian tiger sleeping or wandering about in a leisurely manner, we are excited，’ she said. ’It’s like finding treasure. ’”可知，巡逻队的工作是要求高，但是值得做。故选D项。11．A 标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段中的“They are members of the first all-woman patrol team in the Northeast China Tiger and Leopard National Park, which was established in 2019 to help with wildlife protection and provide employment for local women. ”可知，本文主要报道了东北虎豹国家公园第一支全女性巡逻队及巡逻队的工作内容，所以“女性关注野生动物”可作为文章最佳标题。故选A项。D (2023年新课标全国Ⅱ卷)As cities balloon with growth, access to nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find. If you’re lucky, there might be a pocket park near where you live, but it’s unusual to find places in a city that are relatively wild.Past research has found health and wellness benefits of nature for humans, but a new study shows that wildness in urban areas is extremely important for human well-being.The research team focused on a large urban park. They surveyed several hundred park-goers, asking them to submit a written summary online of a meaningful interaction they had with nature in the park. The researchers then examined these submissions, coding(编码) experiences into different categories. For example, one participant’s experience of “We sat and listened to the waves at the beach for a while” was assigned the categories “sitting at beach” and “listening to waves”.Across the 320 submissions, a pattern of categories the researchers call a “nature language” began to emerge. After the coding of all submissions，half a dozen categories were noted most often as important to visitors. These include encountering wildlife，walking along the edge of water, and following an established trail.Naming each nature experience creates a usable language，which helps people recognize and take part in the activities that are most satisfying and meaningful to them. For example，the experience of walking along the edge of water might be satisfying for a young professional on a weekend hike in the park. Back downtown during a workday，they can enjoy a more domestic form of this interaction by walking along a fountain on their lunch break.“We’re trying to generate a language that helps bring the human-nature interactions back into our daily lives. And for that to happen, we also need to protect nature so that we can interact with it，” said Peter Kahn, a senior author of the study.12．What phenomenon does the author describe at the beginning of the text?A．Pocket parks are now popular.B．Wild nature is hard to find in cities.C．Many cities are overpopulated.D．People enjoy living close to nature.13．Why did the researchers code participant submissions into categories?A．To compare different types of park-goers.B．To explain why the park attracts tourists.C．To analyze the main features of the park.D．To find patterns in the visitors’ summaries.14．What can we learn from the example given in Paragraph 5?A．Walking is the best way to gain access to nature.B．Young people are too busy to interact with nature.C．The same nature experience takes different forms.D．The nature language enhances work performance.15．What should be done before we can interact with nature according to Kahn?A．Language study. B．Environmental conservation.C．Public education. D．Intercultural communication.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。城市化让人们越来越难以接触到自然，但一项新研究发现城市中的野生自然对人类健康和幸福感具有重要影响。研究团队对一座大型城市公园的游客进行调查，发现与野生自然的互动可以创造出一种可用的语言，帮助人们认识和参与最令人满意和有意义的活动。该研究呼吁保护城市中的野生自然。12．B 细节理解题。根据第一段“As cities balloon with growth, access to nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find. If you’re lucky, there might be a pocket park near where you live, but it’s unusual to find places in a city that are relatively wild(随着城市的飞速发展，生活在城市的人们越来越难以接近大自然。如果你幸运的话，你居住的附近可能会有一个袖珍公园，但在城市里找到相对天然的地方是罕见的). ”可知，文章开头作者讲述了一种现象，在城市里，人们很难找到野生的自然。故选B项。13．D 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“They surveyed several hundred park-goers, asking them to submit a written summary online of a meaningful interaction they had with nature in the park. The researchers then examined these submissions, coding(编码) experiences into different categories (他们调查了数百名公园游客，要求他们在网上提交一份书面总结，描述他们在公园里与大自然有意义的互动。然后，研究人员检查了这些提交的信息，将体验分为不同的类别). ”可知，研究人员按照公园游客提交的在公园里与大自然互动的活动把游客分类。再根据第四段中的“Across the 320 submissions, a pattern of categories the researchers call a ’nature language’ began to emerge. After the coding of all submissions, half a dozen categories were noted most often as important to visitors(在这320份提交的作品中，一种被研究人员称为’自然语言’的分类模式开始出现。在对所有提交的内容进行编码后，有六个类别被认为对游客最重要). ”可知，研究人员创造了一种’自然语言’，帮助人们认识并参与对他们来说最满意和最有意义的活动。D项准确地反映了这一目的。故选D项。14．C 推理判断题。根据第五段“Naming each nature experience creates a usable language, which helps people recognize and take part in the activities that are most satisfying and meaningful to them. For example, the experience of walking along the edge of water might be satisfying for a young professional on a weekend hike in the park. Back downtown during a workday, they can enjoy a more domestic form of this interaction by walking along a fountain on their lunch break(命名每一种自然体验活动创造了一种可用的语言，这有助于人们认识并参与到对他们来说最满意和最有意义的活动中。例如，沿着水边散步的经历可能会让一个年轻的专业人士在周末去公园徒步旅行时感到满意。在工作日回到市中心，他们可以在午休时沿着喷泉散步，享受一种更居家的互动方式). ”由此推知，从第五段的例子中我们可以知道，一样的自然体验可以呈现不同的形式。故选C项。15．B 推理判断题。根据最后一段“ ’We’re trying to generate a language that helps bring the human-nature interactions back into our daily lives. And for that to happen, we also need to protect nature so that we can interact with it，’ said Peter Kahn, a senior author of the study(’我们正试图创造一种语言，有助于将人类与自然的互动带回我们的日常生活中。要做到这一点，我们还需要保护自然，这样我们才能与它互动，’该研究的资深作者Peter Kahn说). ”可推断，Peter Kahn认为在我们与大自然互动之前我们应该先要保护自然。故选B项。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分， 满分12.5分) Our world is more connected than ever before thanks to technology. __16__ Indeed, it is becoming increasingly important that we all learn how to deal with this painful feeling.You should be determined to actively end your loneliness. We often end up passively waiting for someone else to make us feel less lonely. You may feel that your loneliness indicates that nobody is willing to connect with you. And there is nothing you can do about it. But that is far from the truth. __17__ You should find reasons why you are lonely. We all feel lonely for different reasons. Some of us have no one to interact with on a consistent basis and that’s why we feel lonely. You may feel that the people in your life don’t share your thoughts and ideas. __18__ you need to identify it. And you know exactly how to handle your loneliness.__19__ People who are lonely tend to fall into destructive mental habits. They try to avoid the pain of not being understood and being disconnected by not giving people an opportunity to understand and connect with them. So the solution is to share your thoughts and feelings with others and to do so openly and fearlessly.You should find people who share your interests. __20__ everybody is interested in something. And just as there are many interests, there are many people who share those interests. Find what interests you and connect with others on that basis.A．Whatever the reason is， B．When you feel really lonely， C．If you want to make friends with them， D．Whether it’s coin collecting or video games， E．You should be open about your thoughts, ideas and desires.F．Ending loneliness is something that you can and should pursue actively.G．However, more and more of us find ourselves having to stand loneliness.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在现在社会中如何处理孤独感的方法。16．G 根据下文中的“Indeed, it is becoming increasingly important that we all learn how to deal with this painful feeling. ” 可知，这里“痛苦的感觉”指代是G项中的“loneliness(孤独感)”。故选G项。17．F 根据本段第一句 “You should be determined to actively end your loneliness. ”可知，此处应选与主动结束孤独感有关的选项。故选F项。18．A 根据本段第一句 “You should find reasons why you are lonely. ”可知，此处应该选与找原因有关的选项。故选A项。19．E 根据本段最后一句 “So the solution is to share your thoughts and feelings with others and to do so openly and fearlessly. ”可知，此处作为本段的主题句应该选与保持对自己的想法、主意和愿望开放的心态。故选E项。20．D 根据本段第一句 “You should find people who share your interests. ”可知，D项中的“coin collecting or video games”也是兴趣。故选D项。第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) (2023年新课标全国Ⅰ卷)On Oct. 11，hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have __21__ the course earlier than she did. Her __22__ came because she was carrying a __23__ across the finish line.As reported by a local newspaper，Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her __24__ when a runner in front of her began crying in pain. She __25__ to help her fellow runner，Danielle Lenoue. Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward with __26__ . She couldn’t. Bailey then __27__ to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line，then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get __28__ attention.Once there，Lenoue was __29__ and later taken to a hospital，where she learned that she had serious injuries in one of her knees. She would have struggled with extreme __30__ to make it to that aid checkpoint without Bailey’s help.As for Bailey，she is more __31__ about why her act is considered a big __32__ . “She was just crying. I couldn’t __33__ her，” Bailey told the reporter. “I feel like I was just doing the right thing. ” Although the two young women were strangers before the __34__ ，they’ve since become friends. Neither won the race，but the __35__ of human kindness won the day.21．A．designed B．followed C．changed D．finished 22．A．delay B．chance C．trouble D．excuse 23．A．judge B．volunteer C．classmate D．competitor 24．A．race B．school C．town D．training 25．A．agreed B．returned C．stopped D．promised 26．A．courage B．aid C．patience D．advice 27．A．went away B．stood up C．stepped aside D．bent down 28．A．medical B．public C．constant D．equal 29．A．interrupted B．assessed C．identified D．appreciated 30．A．hunger B．pain C．cold D．tiredness 31．A．worried B．ashamed C．confused D．discouraged 32．A．game B．problem C．lesson D．deal 33．A．leave B．cure C．bother D．understand 34．A．ride B．test C．meet D．show 35．A．secret B．display C．benefit D．exchange 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了在明尼苏达州举行的一次越野赛中，Melanie Bailey背着另一个参赛者Danielle Lenoue过终点线并接受医疗检查的善行义举。21．D 考查动词。句意：Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛。A．designed设计；B．followed跟随；C．changed改变；D．finished完成。根据下文中的“carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get __28__ attention”可知，Bailey在比赛中背着一名参赛者，所以完成比赛晚了。因此此处表示“Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛”。故选D项。22．A 考查名词。句意：她的延迟是因为她背着一名竞争对手冲过终点线。A．delay延误；B．chance机会；C．trouble麻烦；D．excuse借口。根据上文“Melanie Bailey should have __21__ the course earlier than she did. ”和上一题的解析可知，Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛，她的延迟是因为她背着一名竞争对手冲过终点线。故选A项。23．D 考查名词。句意：同上题。A．judge裁判；B．volunteer志愿者；C．classmate同学；D．competitor参赛者。根据第一段的“hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race”可知，她是背着一名参赛者冲过终点线。故选D项。24．A 考查名词。句意：据当地一家报纸报道，当Bailey跑到比赛的三分之二多的时候，她前面的一名选手开始痛苦地哭泣。A．race比赛；B．school学校；C．town城镇；D．training训练。根据第一段中的“hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race”可知，此处是说“当Bailey跑到比赛的三分之二多的时候”。故选A项。25．C 考查动词。句意：她停下来帮助她的同伴Danielle Lenoue。A．agreed同意；B．returned回来；C．stopped停止；D．promised答应。根据下文“to help her fellow runner”可知，她停下来帮助她的同伴Danielle Lenoue。故选C项。26．B 考查名词。句意：Bailey扶着她的胳膊，看看她能否帮助下向前走。A．courage勇气；B．aid帮助；C．patience耐心；D．advice建议。根据上文的“Bailey took her arm”可知，此处表示看她是否能在她的帮助下向前走。故选B项。27．D 考查动词短语。句意：然后Bailey弯下腰，让Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了300英尺，到Lenoue接受治疗的地方。A．went away离开；B．stood up站起来；C．stepped aside让路；D．bent down弯腰。根据下文“let Lenoue climb onto her back”可知，Bailey弯下腰，让Lenoue爬到她的背上。故选D项。28．A 考查形容词。句意：同上题。A．medical医疗的；B．public公众的；C．constant持续不断的；D．equal平等的。根据上文“began crying in pain”可知，Danielle Lenoue很疼，所以要接受治疗。medical attention意为“医疗关注”。故选A项。29．B 考查动词。句意：一到那里，Lenoue就接受了检查，后来被送往医院，在那里她得知自己的一个膝盖受了重伤。A．interrupted打断；B．assessed评估；C．identified识别；D．appreciated感激。根据下文“later taken to a hospital”可知，她是先接受了检查，再被送往医院，也就是先接受评估。故选B项。30．B 考查名词。句意：如果没有Bailey的帮助，她可能会在极度的痛苦中挣扎着到达那个援助检查站。A．hunger饥饿；B．pain疼痛；C．cold感冒；D．tiredness疲劳。根据上文中的“began crying in pain”可知，此处表示“如果没有Bailey的帮助，她可能会在极度的痛苦中挣扎着到达那个援助检查站”。故选B项。31．C 考查形容词。句意：至于Bailey，她更困惑的是为什么她的行为被认为是一件大事。A．worried担心的；B．ashamed惭愧的；C．confused困惑的；D．discouraged泄气的。根据下文“I feel like I was just doing the right thing. ”可知，Bailey觉得自己只是做了正确的事情，所以她对她的行为被认为是一件大事感到困惑。故选C项。32．D 考查名词。句意：同上题。A．game游戏；B．problem问题；C．lesson课；D．deal交易，局面。根据下文“I feel like I was just doing the right thing. ”可知，Bailey觉得自己只是做了正确的事情，所以她对她的行为被认为是一件大事感到困惑。a big deal意为“非常重要的事”。故选D项。33．A 考查动词。句意：我不能离开她。A．leave离开；B．cure治愈；C．bother打扰；D．understand理解。根据上文“She was just crying. ”以及Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了300英尺。因此可知，Bailey看见Lenoue哭喊，所以觉得不能离开她。故选A项。34．C 考查名词。句意：虽然这两个年轻女子在那场体育比赛之前是陌生人，但后来她们成了朋友。A．ride短途旅程；B．test测试；C．meet运动会；D．show展示。根据第一段中的“hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race”及空前的“the two young women were strangers before”可知，当时是一场体育比赛，此处表示“这两个年轻女子在那场体育比赛之前是陌生人”。故选C项。35．B 考查名词。句意：两人都没有赢得比赛，但展示出的人类善良赢得了胜利。A．secret秘密；B．display展示；C．benefit利益；D．exchange交换。根据第二段中的“…let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get __28__ attention. ”可知，Bailey背着一个参赛者过终点，并背她去接受检查，这展示了人类的善良。故选B项。第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分， 满分15分) (2023年全国乙卷)Beijing is a city bridging the ancient and the modern. From Buddhist temples to museums, narrow hutong 36．________ royal palaces, it is home to more than 3，000 years of glorious history even down to its layout，with the city keeping its carefully 37．________ (build) system of ring roads.But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place 38．________ welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural 39．________ (wonder) standing side by side with historical buildings of the past.It is a distinct visual contrast(反差) that shouldn’t work, 40．________ somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination. 41．________ (visit) several times over the last 10 years, I 42．________ (amaze) by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage(遗产) while constantly growing. As a photographer，I have spent the last two years 43．________ (record) everything I discovered.The 44．________ (remark) development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world, 45．________ (mean) there is always something new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了北京这座城市的古老建筑和现代化发展之间的独特结合，同时探讨了城市如何在不断发展的同时保护其丰富的遗产。作者作为一名摄影师，记录了这座城市的变化，并表示将来还会继续拍摄北京的风貌。36．to 考查介词。句意：从佛教寺庙到博物馆，从狭窄的胡同到皇家宫殿，它是拥有3 000多年辉煌历史的家园，甚至从它的布局来看，这座城市一直保持着精心建造的环城道路系统。根据上文的“From Buddhist temples to museums”可知，空格处和上文保持一致，表示“从……到……”，用介词to。故填to。37．built 考查非谓语动词。句意：同上题。这里为非谓语动词作定语，表示“精心建造的”，和被修饰词“system of ring roads”之间为被动关系，用过去分词。故填built。38．which/that 考查定语从句的关系词。句意：但是，除了古建筑，北京也是一个欢迎现代生活快节奏发展的地方，21世纪的建筑奇迹与过去的历史建筑并存。空格处需填定语从句的关系代词，先行词为“a place”，在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which或that引导。故填which/that。39．wonders 考查名词。句意：同上题。分析句子成分可知，空格处为名词；根据下文的“historical buildings of the past”可知，空格处为名词的复数形式。故填wonders。40．but 考查连词。句意：但不知何故，这两个截然不同的世界却很好地结合在了一起。空前的“It is a distinct visual contrast(反差) that shouldn’t work”和空后的“somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination”之间存在转折关系，用but。故填but。41．Having visited 考查非谓语动词和时态。句意：在过去的10年里，我多次访问北京，我惊讶于这里的新旧共存，惊讶于一个城市如何在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的文化遗产。这里为非谓语动词作状语，和主句的主语“I”之间为主动关系；又根据时间状语“over the last 10 years”可知，时态用完成时态。由此推断，空格处要用现在完成时。置于句首，单词首字母应大写。故填Having visited。42．was amazed 考查动词的时态和语态。句意：同上题。这里为本句的谓语，根据下文“how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage(遗产) while constantly growing”可知，本句用一般过去时；主语I和动词amaze之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was amazed。43．recording 考查非谓语动词。句意：作为一名摄影师，我花了两年时间记录我发现的一切。spend time (in) doing sth. 表示“花费时间做某事”。这里为非谓语动词作宾语，用动名词形式。故填recording。44．remarkable 考查形容词。句意：这个城市的显著发展，是有意识地在保护过去的同时步入现代世界，这意味着这里总是有新的东西可以发现，我可以在接下来的50年里一直拍摄北京。分析句子成分可知，空格处为形容词修饰名词短语“development of this city”。故填remarkable。45．means 考查动词的时态。句意：同上题。这里为本句的谓语，根据上下文内容可知，本句的时态为一般现在时；主语为development，单数形式，所以谓语动词用单数形式。故填means。第三部分 写作(共两节， 满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) (2023年全国甲卷)你们学校正举办主题为“用英文讲中国故事”的征文活动。请你以一位中国历史人物为题写一篇短文投稿。内容包括： 1．人物简介及事迹； 2．意义或启示。注意： 1．词数80左右； 2．题目已给出，不计入总词数。A Historical Figure in China ________________________________________________________________ One possible version： A Historical Figure in China Confucius is a well-known figure in Chinese history. His teachings emphasized the importance of moral values, respect for elders, and social harmony. Confucius traveled throughout the country, imparting his wisdom to countless disciples and leaving a profound impact on Chinese society.The significance of Confucius cannot be overstated. His teachings shaped the moral and ethical foundation of Chinese culture, fostering respect for authority, harmonious relationships, and the pursuit of knowledge. Even today, his ideas continue to guide individuals and communities in China and beyond.Confucius’s life offers valuable lessons. He stressed the self-cultivation, respect for elders, and the pursuit of knowledge, which serves as a guiding light in our fast-paced and interconnected world. His teachings remind us of the importance of integrity, compassion, and social responsibility.第二节(满分25分) 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Baseball is a tradition in my family. Some of my best memories were the days when my dad took me on the 90-minute drive to San Francisco to see baseball games. When I had my first child, Zach, Paw-as Zach called him-had another youngster interested in all things about baseball. Unfortunately, by the time Zach was old enough to go to games Paw could no longer go. He had Alzheimer’s (老年痴呆症).“Why don’t we take Paw with us to a game, Dad？” Zach asked one day as we drove home from a visit. I couldn’t bear to dash Zach’s dream. “Maybe someday we’ll all see a game together，” I said, Paw was Zach’s biggest fan until he passed away.After he died, the world seemed pretty gray for all of us, but especially for Zach. Several weeks after Paw died, a good friend offered us some free baseball tickets. I hesitated. Since his death even baseball had lost some of its flavour. On the other hand, maybe that’s just what Dad would want us to do, I thought. Finally, I accepted my friend’s offer. We drove to the game in high spirits. “ I can’t wait！” Zach said as we entered the stadium. Pleasant memories of my father swirled around my head. We walked up to the will-call window.“First and last name with some ID, please, ” the attendant said.I gave my driver’s license to her.“I’m sorry，” she said finally, “there aren’t any tickets for you. ” “There must be some mistakes. ” I said. She checked again but there were still no tickets for us. We backed away from the window in shock. The tickets were sold out. Zach looked down at the ground upset, when an old man walked over to us.注意： 1．续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式在相应的位置作答。“Are you taking your son to the game？” the old gentleman asked kindly. ________ ________________________________________________________________ One possible version： “Are you taking your son to the game？” the old gentleman asked kindly. “Yes，” I said, “but there was some sort of mix-up with our tickets. We didn’t have any. ” The old man held up two. “Here，” he said. “Take these, and I want your boy to see the game. ” He put the tickets in my hand and walked off with a smile. “Thanks！” Zach shouted as the man disappeared into the sea of sports fans crowding into the entrance.Zach took my hand and went into the stadium excitedly. ________ One possible version： Zach took my hand and went into the stadium excitedly. We found there was an empty seat next to us. “The man who gave us the tickets must be coming，” Zach said. “We can buy him a hot dog！” But nobody came until the game began. “We can leave this seat to Paw, Dad，” Zach whispered. We finally did get to see the game, the three of us. I pulled Zach close. It was the old man like an angel who made Zach’s dream come true. Jacqueline Felice de Almania (c. 1322) highlights the suspicion that women practicing medicine faced. Born to a Jewish family in Florence, she moved to Paris where she worked as a physician and performed surgery. In 1322 she was tried for practicing unlawfully. In spite of the court hearing testimonials(证明) of her ability as a doctor, she was banned from medicine. James Barry (c. 1789 — 1865) was born Margaret Bulkley in Ireland but，dressed as a man，she was accepted by Edinburgh University to study medicine. She qualified as a surgeon in 1813, then joined the British Army，serving overseas. Barry retired in 1859，having practiced her entire medical profession living and working as a man. Tan Yunxian (1461 — 1554) was a Chinese physician who learned her skills from her grandparents. Chinese women at the time could not serve apprenticeships(学徒期) with doctors. However，Tan passed the official exam. Tan treated women from all walks of life. In 1511，Tan wrote a book，Sayings of a Female Doctor, describing her life as a physician. Rebecca Lee Crumpler (1831 — 1895) worked as a nurse for eight years before studying in medical college in Boston in 1860．Four years later，she was the first African American woman to receive a medical degree. She moved to Virginia in 1865，where she provided medical care to freed slaves.
UNIT 11 CONFLICT AND COMPROMISE (满分：120分 建议用时：120分钟) 第一部分 阅读(共两节， 满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分， 满分37.5分) A PRACTITIONERS (2023年全国乙卷) 1．What did Jacqueline and James have in common?A．Doing teaching jobs. B．Being hired as physicians.C．Performing surgery. D．Being banned from medicine.2．How was Tan Yunxian different from the other practitioners?A．She wrote a book. B．She went through trials.C．She worked as a dentist. D．She had formal education.3．Who was the first African American with a medical degree?A．Jacqueline Felice de Almania. B．Tan Yunxian.C．James Barry. D．Rebecca Lee Crumpler.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四位女性从医人员的生平与事迹。1．C 细节理解题。根据文章第一部分中的“Born to a Jewish family in Florence, she moved to Paris where she worked as a physician and performed surgery. ”以及第二部分中的“She qualified as a surgeon in 1813…”和“Barry retired in 1859, having practiced her entire medical profession living and working as a man(Barry于1859年退休，她以男人的身份生活和工作，从事了整个医学职业). ”可知，Jacqueline和James的共同点是都有资格进行外科手术。故选C项。2．A 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是根据文章第三部分中的“Tan wrote a book, Sayings of a Female Doctor, describing her life as a physician(Tan写了一本书《女医生的故事》，描述了她作为一名医生的生活). ”可推知，Tan与其他从业人员的不同之处在于她写了一本书。故选A项。3．D 细节理解题。根据文章第一部分中的“Four years later, she was the first African American woman to receive a medical degree(四年后，她成为第一位获得医学学位的非裔美国女性). ”可知，Rebecca Lee Crumpler是第一位获得医学学位的非裔美国人。故选D项。B Katie always knew she wanted to be a performer. She was fond of Disney movies from an early age and would often sing along with her mum, Karen.When Katie was nine years old, her happy childhood took a turn when her mother was diagnosed with cancer. When the doctor informed the Whetsell family that Karen’s disease was terminal, they made a decision. Disney World had been a longtime dream vacation for Karen. So in November 1997, the family packed up and headed to Disney World. Katie says she’ll never forget the moment that changed her life on that trip: After a long day at the parks, the Whetsells decided to see one of Disney World’s many nightly light shows. While watching, a Disney cast member performing in the parade came up to her mum and rested her hand on Karen’s shoulder. They exchanged smiles and, to this day, Katie remembered how at peace her mum looked. The whole family was touched and moved to tears. This was the day Katie decided she wanted to work for Disney.After graduating from college, Katie went on to pursue performing for a living. She struggled for years, working as a waitress and trying to make it as an actor. Her hard work and passion finally paid off when she was hired to work on Disney Cruise Lines in 2009．Katie’s favourite friend in the Disney World is Dory in Finding Nemo the Musical. She says that Dory has taught her the value of living in the present moment and to “just keep swimming”.Katie has never lost sight of the fact that she and others who work for the company bring joy to the lives of many every day. “Everything we do at the parks makes a difference to many families. It’s a way for us to help them forget. It’s amazing to be able to comfort others. ” When asked what her mother would think of her working at Disney World, she takes a deep breath and allows the tears to flow. “I just feel like she’d be so proud. I can feel her presence often and I feel her having a part in what I do. It’s perfect. ” 4．Why did the Whetsell family decide to go to Disney World in November 1997?A．The Disney World has always been a good place for vacation.B．Karen was seriously ill and Disney World was what she had dreamed for.C．The Whetsell family were all fond of Disney characters.D．Katie always wanted to go to the Disney World to be a performer.5．What happened during the Disney trip that changed Katie’s life?A．Katie took part in the parade performance and realised her dream.B．The whole family enjoyed themselves in the nightly light shows.C．A performer in the Disney parade brought comfort to her mum.D．Karen was invited to perform with cast members and she felt satisfied.6．What’s the purpose to mention Katie’s favourite friend Dory?A．To inform us more of Katie’s struggling life.B．To introduce another Disney character named Dory.C．To imply Katie’s understanding of life.D．To tell us the importance to keep going.7．Which of the following can best describe Katie’s personality?A．Intelligent and industrious. B．Diligent and dependent.C．Selfless and sympathetic. D．Persistent and positive.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。从小对迪士尼电影着迷的Katie Whetsell，在九岁时，因为母亲病重一家人决定去迪士尼度过一段梦想的假期。这让Katie有了一个新的梦想，就是为迪士尼工作。在为迪士尼工作的10年期间里，Katie的工作就是给来自世界各地的家庭带来快乐。在母亲去世后，Katie继续追求自己的演艺生涯，经过一番努力，最后取得了成功。4．B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的 “When Katie was nine years old, her happy childhood took a turn when her mother was diagnosed with cancer. When the doctor informed the Whetsell family that Karen’s disease was terminal, they made a decision. ”可知，在Katie九岁时，她快乐的童年发生了变化，因为她的母亲被诊断出癌症。当医生告诉Whetsell一家Karen的病已经是晚期时，他们做了一个决定。由此可知，Whetsell一家决定在1997年11月去迪士尼乐园是因为Karen病得很重，而迪士尼乐园又是她梦寐以求的地方。故选B项。5．C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“While watching, a Disney cast member performing in the parade came up to her mum and rested her hand on Karen’s shoulder. They exchanged smiles and, to this day, Katie remembered how at peace her mum looked. The whole family was touched and moved to tears. ”可知，在观看的过程中，一名迪士尼演员在游行队伍中表演，她走到妈妈面前，把手放在Karen的肩膀上。她们交换着微笑，直到今天，Katie还记得她妈妈看上去是多么安详。全家人都感动得流下了眼泪。由此可知，迪士尼游行中的一名表演者给她妈妈带来了安慰，改变了Katie的生活。故选C项。6．C 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“She says that Dory has taught her the value of living in the present moment and to ’just keep swimming’. ”可知，Dory教会了她活在当下的价值，鼓励让她继续坚持不懈。由此可推知，提到Karen最喜欢的迪士尼朋友是Dory的目的在于暗示Karen对生活的理解。故选C项。(注：短语just keep swimming意为“坚持不懈”。这是一句来自于电影《海底总动员》的名言，意思是在面对困难时要坚持不懈地前进。) 7．D 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Katie has never lost sight of the fact that she and others who work for the company bring joy to the lives of many every day. ”可知，Karen从未忘记，她和其他在公司工作的人每天都给许多人的生活带来欢乐。结合文章内容可知，文章记叙了从小对迪士尼电影着迷的Karen Whetsell，在九岁时，因为母亲病重一家人决定去迪士尼度过一段梦想的假期。这让Karen有了一个新的梦想：就是为迪士尼工作。在为迪士尼工作的10年期间里，Karen的工作就是给来自世界各地的家庭带来快乐。在2003年，母亲去世后，Karen继续追求自己的演艺生涯，经过一番努力，她最后取得了成功。由此可推知，Karen的个性是执着和积极的。故选D项。C HARBIN — Qiu Shi and her coworkers often spend a dozen hours on patrol(巡逻) in the mountains, with only bread and cookies to eat. They are members of the first all-woman patrol team in the Northeast China Tiger and Leopard National Park, which was established in 2019 to help with wildlife protection and provide employment for local women.Qiu, 36, is the oldest of the six guards, all of whom were born in the 1980s and 1990s. They are in charge of protecting Siberian tigers, Amur leopards and other wildlife in the park. She said that her job has brought her closer to nature, and that she is grateful for the opportunity to protect wild animals and their habitats.Each patrol they conduct in the mountains requires tens of thousands of steps. In summer, their clothes are soaked(浸泡) in sweat. In winter, the temperature can drop to -20℃. Before heading into the snow-covered mountains, members cheer each other on, shouting, “Let’s go! Come on！” This has become an expression of power that keeps them going.According to Qiu, the animals are like their friends, and the most exciting thing about patrolling the mountains is checking the cameras monitoring their movements. “Every time we see an image of a Siberian tiger sleeping or wandering about in a leisurely manner, we are excited，” she said, “it’s like finding treasure. ” The images collected by the team suggest that the wildlife populations are expanding. “Our efforts have achieved results，” Qiu said, noting that the data will be provided to experts to study the movements of Siberian tigers, Amur leopards and other animals.During patrols, team members put grass, grain and other food at feeding points to help the wildlife. They also rescue injured animals wherever they find them. Despite various difficulties, Qiu said she intends to continue, determined to protect the wildlife of this important natural habitat.8．Where is the text most likely taken from?A．An essay review. B．An animal journal.C．A health magazine. D．A weekly newspaper.9．What keeps these women going?A．The requirements of their job.B．The power of modern technology.C．The encouragement from teammates.D．The cameras’ monitoring their movements.10．Which of the following can best describe their patrol work?A．Boring but well-paid. B．Dangerous but exciting.C．Difficult but unavoidable. D．Demanding but rewarding.11．What is the best title for the text?A．Females Keep Watch on Wildlife B．Tigers Find Food at Feeding Points C．A Job Brings Women Close to Nature D．A National Park Provides Employment 【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了东北虎豹国家公园第一支全女性巡逻队及巡逻队的工作内容。8．D 推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知，哈尔滨的Qiu Shi和她的同事经常在山里巡逻十几个小时，只有面包和饼干可以吃。她们是我国东北虎豹国家公园第一支全女性巡逻队的成员，该巡逻队成立于2019年，旨在帮助保护野生动物并为当地妇女提供就业机会。文章主要报道了该女性巡逻队及其工作内容。由此可推测出，本文可能出自一份周报。故选D项。9．C 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Before heading into the snow-covered mountains, members cheer each other on, shouting, ’Let’s go! Come on！’ This has become an expression of power that keeps them going. ”可知，来自队友们的鼓励使这些女性继续下去。故选C项。10．D 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Each patrol they conduct in the mountains requires tens of thousands of steps. In summer, their clothes are soaked in sweat. ”以及第四段“’Every time we see an image of a Siberian tiger sleeping or wandering about in a leisurely manner, we are excited，’ she said. ’It’s like finding treasure. ’”可知，巡逻队的工作是要求高，但是值得做。故选D项。11．A 标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段中的“They are members of the first all-woman patrol team in the Northeast China Tiger and Leopard National Park, which was established in 2019 to help with wildlife protection and provide employment for local women. ”可知，本文主要报道了东北虎豹国家公园第一支全女性巡逻队及巡逻队的工作内容，所以“女性关注野生动物”可作为文章最佳标题。故选A项。D (2023年新课标全国Ⅱ卷)As cities balloon with growth, access to nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find. If you’re lucky, there might be a pocket park near where you live, but it’s unusual to find places in a city that are relatively wild.Past research has found health and wellness benefits of nature for humans, but a new study shows that wildness in urban areas is extremely important for human well-being.The research team focused on a large urban park. They surveyed several hundred park-goers, asking them to submit a written summary online of a meaningful interaction they had with nature in the park. The researchers then examined these submissions, coding(编码) experiences into different categories. For example, one participant’s experience of “We sat and listened to the waves at the beach for a while” was assigned the categories “sitting at beach” and “listening to waves”.Across the 320 submissions, a pattern of categories the researchers call a “nature language” began to emerge. After the coding of all submissions，half a dozen categories were noted most often as important to visitors. These include encountering wildlife，walking along the edge of water, and following an established trail.Naming each nature experience creates a usable language，which helps people recognize and take part in the activities that are most satisfying and meaningful to them. For example，the experience of walking along the edge of water might be satisfying for a young professional on a weekend hike in the park. Back downtown during a workday，they can enjoy a more domestic form of this interaction by walking along a fountain on their lunch break.“We’re trying to generate a language that helps bring the human-nature interactions back into our daily lives. And for that to happen, we also need to protect nature so that we can interact with it，” said Peter Kahn, a senior author of the study.12．What phenomenon does the author describe at the beginning of the text?A．Pocket parks are now popular.B．Wild nature is hard to find in cities.C．Many cities are overpopulated.D．People enjoy living close to nature.13．Why did the researchers code participant submissions into categories?A．To compare different types of park-goers.B．To explain why the park attracts tourists.C．To analyze the main features of the park.D．To find patterns in the visitors’ summaries.14．What can we learn from the example given in Paragraph 5?A．Walking is the best way to gain access to nature.B．Young people are too busy to interact with nature.C．The same nature experience takes different forms.D．The nature language enhances work performance.15．What should be done before we can interact with nature according to Kahn?A．Language study. B．Environmental conservation.C．Public education. D．Intercultural communication.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。城市化让人们越来越难以接触到自然，但一项新研究发现城市中的野生自然对人类健康和幸福感具有重要影响。研究团队对一座大型城市公园的游客进行调查，发现与野生自然的互动可以创造出一种可用的语言，帮助人们认识和参与最令人满意和有意义的活动。该研究呼吁保护城市中的野生自然。12．B 细节理解题。根据第一段“As cities balloon with growth, access to nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find. If you’re lucky, there might be a pocket park near where you live, but it’s unusual to find places in a city that are relatively wild(随着城市的飞速发展，生活在城市的人们越来越难以接近大自然。如果你幸运的话，你居住的附近可能会有一个袖珍公园，但在城市里找到相对天然的地方是罕见的). ”可知，文章开头作者讲述了一种现象，在城市里，人们很难找到野生的自然。故选B项。13．D 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“They surveyed several hundred park-goers, asking them to submit a written summary online of a meaningful interaction they had with nature in the park. The researchers then examined these submissions, coding(编码) experiences into different categories (他们调查了数百名公园游客，要求他们在网上提交一份书面总结，描述他们在公园里与大自然有意义的互动。然后，研究人员检查了这些提交的信息，将体验分为不同的类别). ”可知，研究人员按照公园游客提交的在公园里与大自然互动的活动把游客分类。再根据第四段中的“Across the 320 submissions, a pattern of categories the researchers call a ’nature language’ began to emerge. After the coding of all submissions, half a dozen categories were noted most often as important to visitors(在这320份提交的作品中，一种被研究人员称为’自然语言’的分类模式开始出现。在对所有提交的内容进行编码后，有六个类别被认为对游客最重要). ”可知，研究人员创造了一种’自然语言’，帮助人们认识并参与对他们来说最满意和最有意义的活动。D项准确地反映了这一目的。故选D项。14．C 推理判断题。根据第五段“Naming each nature experience creates a usable language, which helps people recognize and take part in the activities that are most satisfying and meaningful to them. For example, the experience of walking along the edge of water might be satisfying for a young professional on a weekend hike in the park. Back downtown during a workday, they can enjoy a more domestic form of this interaction by walking along a fountain on their lunch break(命名每一种自然体验活动创造了一种可用的语言，这有助于人们认识并参与到对他们来说最满意和最有意义的活动中。例如，沿着水边散步的经历可能会让一个年轻的专业人士在周末去公园徒步旅行时感到满意。在工作日回到市中心，他们可以在午休时沿着喷泉散步，享受一种更居家的互动方式). ”由此推知，从第五段的例子中我们可以知道，一样的自然体验可以呈现不同的形式。故选C项。15．B 推理判断题。根据最后一段“ ’We’re trying to generate a language that helps bring the human-nature interactions back into our daily lives. And for that to happen, we also need to protect nature so that we can interact with it，’ said Peter Kahn, a senior author of the study(’我们正试图创造一种语言，有助于将人类与自然的互动带回我们的日常生活中。要做到这一点，我们还需要保护自然，这样我们才能与它互动，’该研究的资深作者Peter Kahn说). ”可推断，Peter Kahn认为在我们与大自然互动之前我们应该先要保护自然。故选B项。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分， 满分12.5分) Our world is more connected than ever before thanks to technology. __16__ Indeed, it is becoming increasingly important that we all learn how to deal with this painful feeling.You should be determined to actively end your loneliness. We often end up passively waiting for someone else to make us feel less lonely. You may feel that your loneliness indicates that nobody is willing to connect with you. And there is nothing you can do about it. But that is far from the truth. __17__ You should find reasons why you are lonely. We all feel lonely for different reasons. Some of us have no one to interact with on a consistent basis and that’s why we feel lonely. You may feel that the people in your life don’t share your thoughts and ideas. __18__ you need to identify it. And you know exactly how to handle your loneliness.__19__ People who are lonely tend to fall into destructive mental habits. They try to avoid the pain of not being understood and being disconnected by not giving people an opportunity to understand and connect with them. So the solution is to share your thoughts and feelings with others and to do so openly and fearlessly.You should find people who share your interests. __20__ everybody is interested in something. And just as there are many interests, there are many people who share those interests. Find what interests you and connect with others on that basis.A．Whatever the reason is， B．When you feel really lonely， C．If you want to make friends with them， D．Whether it’s coin collecting or video games， E．You should be open about your thoughts, ideas and desires.F．Ending loneliness is something that you can and should pursue actively.G．However, more and more of us find ourselves having to stand loneliness.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在现在社会中如何处理孤独感的方法。16．G 根据下文中的“Indeed, it is becoming increasingly important that we all learn how to deal with this painful feeling. ” 可知，这里“痛苦的感觉”指代是G项中的“loneliness(孤独感)”。故选G项。17．F 根据本段第一句 “You should be determined to actively end your loneliness. ”可知，此处应选与主动结束孤独感有关的选项。故选F项。18．A 根据本段第一句 “You should find reasons why you are lonely. ”可知，此处应该选与找原因有关的选项。故选A项。19．E 根据本段最后一句 “So the solution is to share your thoughts and feelings with others and to do so openly and fearlessly. ”可知，此处作为本段的主题句应该选与保持对自己的想法、主意和愿望开放的心态。故选E项。20．D 根据本段第一句 “You should find people who share your interests. ”可知，D项中的“coin collecting or video games”也是兴趣。故选D项。第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) (2023年新课标全国Ⅰ卷)On Oct. 11，hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have __21__ the course earlier than she did. Her __22__ came because she was carrying a __23__ across the finish line.As reported by a local newspaper，Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her __24__ when a runner in front of her began crying in pain. She __25__ to help her fellow runner，Danielle Lenoue. Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward with __26__ . She couldn’t. Bailey then __27__ to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line，then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get __28__ attention.Once there，Lenoue was __29__ and later taken to a hospital，where she learned that she had serious injuries in one of her knees. She would have struggled with extreme __30__ to make it to that aid checkpoint without Bailey’s help.As for Bailey，she is more __31__ about why her act is considered a big __32__ . “She was just crying. I couldn’t __33__ her，” Bailey told the reporter. “I feel like I was just doing the right thing. ” Although the two young women were strangers before the __34__ ，they’ve since become friends. Neither won the race，but the __35__ of human kindness won the day.21．A．designed B．followed C．changed D．finished 22．A．delay B．chance C．trouble D．excuse 23．A．judge B．volunteer C．classmate D．competitor 24．A．race B．school C．town D．training 25．A．agreed B．returned C．stopped D．promised 26．A．courage B．aid C．patience D．advice 27．A．went away B．stood up C．stepped aside D．bent down 28．A．medical B．public C．constant D．equal 29．A．interrupted B．assessed C．identified D．appreciated 30．A．hunger B．pain C．cold D．tiredness 31．A．worried B．ashamed C．confused D．discouraged 32．A．game B．problem C．lesson D．deal 33．A．leave B．cure C．bother D．understand 34．A．ride B．test C．meet D．show 35．A．secret B．display C．benefit D．exchange 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了在明尼苏达州举行的一次越野赛中，Melanie Bailey背着另一个参赛者Danielle Lenoue过终点线并接受医疗检查的善行义举。21．D 考查动词。句意：Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛。A．designed设计；B．followed跟随；C．changed改变；D．finished完成。根据下文中的“carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get __28__ attention”可知，Bailey在比赛中背着一名参赛者，所以完成比赛晚了。因此此处表示“Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛”。故选D项。22．A 考查名词。句意：她的延迟是因为她背着一名竞争对手冲过终点线。A．delay延误；B．chance机会；C．trouble麻烦；D．excuse借口。根据上文“Melanie Bailey should have __21__ the course earlier than she did. ”和上一题的解析可知，Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛，她的延迟是因为她背着一名竞争对手冲过终点线。故选A项。23．D 考查名词。句意：同上题。A．judge裁判；B．volunteer志愿者；C．classmate同学；D．competitor参赛者。根据第一段的“hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race”可知，她是背着一名参赛者冲过终点线。故选D项。24．A 考查名词。句意：据当地一家报纸报道，当Bailey跑到比赛的三分之二多的时候，她前面的一名选手开始痛苦地哭泣。A．race比赛；B．school学校；C．town城镇；D．training训练。根据第一段中的“hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race”可知，此处是说“当Bailey跑到比赛的三分之二多的时候”。故选A项。25．C 考查动词。句意：她停下来帮助她的同伴Danielle Lenoue。A．agreed同意；B．returned回来；C．stopped停止；D．promised答应。根据下文“to help her fellow runner”可知，她停下来帮助她的同伴Danielle Lenoue。故选C项。26．B 考查名词。句意：Bailey扶着她的胳膊，看看她能否帮助下向前走。A．courage勇气；B．aid帮助；C．patience耐心；D．advice建议。根据上文的“Bailey took her arm”可知，此处表示看她是否能在她的帮助下向前走。故选B项。27．D 考查动词短语。句意：然后Bailey弯下腰，让Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了300英尺，到Lenoue接受治疗的地方。A．went away离开；B．stood up站起来；C．stepped aside让路；D．bent down弯腰。根据下文“let Lenoue climb onto her back”可知，Bailey弯下腰，让Lenoue爬到她的背上。故选D项。28．A 考查形容词。句意：同上题。A．medical医疗的；B．public公众的；C．constant持续不断的；D．equal平等的。根据上文“began crying in pain”可知，Danielle Lenoue很疼，所以要接受治疗。medical attention意为“医疗关注”。故选A项。29．B 考查动词。句意：一到那里，Lenoue就接受了检查，后来被送往医院，在那里她得知自己的一个膝盖受了重伤。A．interrupted打断；B．assessed评估；C．identified识别；D．appreciated感激。根据下文“later taken to a hospital”可知，她是先接受了检查，再被送往医院，也就是先接受评估。故选B项。30．B 考查名词。句意：如果没有Bailey的帮助，她可能会在极度的痛苦中挣扎着到达那个援助检查站。A．hunger饥饿；B．pain疼痛；C．cold感冒；D．tiredness疲劳。根据上文中的“began crying in pain”可知，此处表示“如果没有Bailey的帮助，她可能会在极度的痛苦中挣扎着到达那个援助检查站”。故选B项。31．C 考查形容词。句意：至于Bailey，她更困惑的是为什么她的行为被认为是一件大事。A．worried担心的；B．ashamed惭愧的；C．confused困惑的；D．discouraged泄气的。根据下文“I feel like I was just doing the right thing. ”可知，Bailey觉得自己只是做了正确的事情，所以她对她的行为被认为是一件大事感到困惑。故选C项。32．D 考查名词。句意：同上题。A．game游戏；B．problem问题；C．lesson课；D．deal交易，局面。根据下文“I feel like I was just doing the right thing. ”可知，Bailey觉得自己只是做了正确的事情，所以她对她的行为被认为是一件大事感到困惑。a big deal意为“非常重要的事”。故选D项。33．A 考查动词。句意：我不能离开她。A．leave离开；B．cure治愈；C．bother打扰；D．understand理解。根据上文“She was just crying. ”以及Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了300英尺。因此可知，Bailey看见Lenoue哭喊，所以觉得不能离开她。故选A项。34．C 考查名词。句意：虽然这两个年轻女子在那场体育比赛之前是陌生人，但后来她们成了朋友。A．ride短途旅程；B．test测试；C．meet运动会；D．show展示。根据第一段中的“hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race”及空前的“the two young women were strangers before”可知，当时是一场体育比赛，此处表示“这两个年轻女子在那场体育比赛之前是陌生人”。故选C项。35．B 考查名词。句意：两人都没有赢得比赛，但展示出的人类善良赢得了胜利。A．secret秘密；B．display展示；C．benefit利益；D．exchange交换。根据第二段中的“…let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get __28__ attention. ”可知，Bailey背着一个参赛者过终点，并背她去接受检查，这展示了人类的善良。故选B项。第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分， 满分15分) (2023年全国乙卷)Beijing is a city bridging the ancient and the modern. From Buddhist temples to museums, narrow hutong 36．________ royal palaces, it is home to more than 3，000 years of glorious history even down to its layout，with the city keeping its carefully 37．________ (build) system of ring roads.But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place 38．________ welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural 39．________ (wonder) standing side by side with historical buildings of the past.It is a distinct visual contrast(反差) that shouldn’t work, 40．________ somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination. 41．________ (visit) several times over the last 10 years, I 42．________ (amaze) by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage(遗产) while constantly growing. As a photographer，I have spent the last two years 43．________ (record) everything I discovered.The 44．________ (remark) development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world, 45．________ (mean) there is always something new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了北京这座城市的古老建筑和现代化发展之间的独特结合，同时探讨了城市如何在不断发展的同时保护其丰富的遗产。作者作为一名摄影师，记录了这座城市的变化，并表示将来还会继续拍摄北京的风貌。36．to 考查介词。句意：从佛教寺庙到博物馆，从狭窄的胡同到皇家宫殿，它是拥有3 000多年辉煌历史的家园，甚至从它的布局来看，这座城市一直保持着精心建造的环城道路系统。根据上文的“From Buddhist temples to museums”可知，空格处和上文保持一致，表示“从……到……”，用介词to。故填to。37．built 考查非谓语动词。句意：同上题。这里为非谓语动词作定语，表示“精心建造的”，和被修饰词“system of ring roads”之间为被动关系，用过去分词。故填built。38．which/that 考查定语从句的关系词。句意：但是，除了古建筑，北京也是一个欢迎现代生活快节奏发展的地方，21世纪的建筑奇迹与过去的历史建筑并存。空格处需填定语从句的关系代词，先行词为“a place”，在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which或that引导。故填which/that。39．wonders 考查名词。句意：同上题。分析句子成分可知，空格处为名词；根据下文的“historical buildings of the past”可知，空格处为名词的复数形式。故填wonders。40．but 考查连词。句意：但不知何故，这两个截然不同的世界却很好地结合在了一起。空前的“It is a distinct visual contrast(反差) that shouldn’t work”和空后的“somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination”之间存在转折关系，用but。故填but。41．Having visited 考查非谓语动词和时态。句意：在过去的10年里，我多次访问北京，我惊讶于这里的新旧共存，惊讶于一个城市如何在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的文化遗产。这里为非谓语动词作状语，和主句的主语“I”之间为主动关系；又根据时间状语“over the last 10 years”可知，时态用完成时态。由此推断，空格处要用现在完成时。置于句首，单词首字母应大写。故填Having visited。42．was amazed 考查动词的时态和语态。句意：同上题。这里为本句的谓语，根据下文“how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage(遗产) while constantly growing”可知，本句用一般过去时；主语I和动词amaze之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was amazed。43．recording 考查非谓语动词。句意：作为一名摄影师，我花了两年时间记录我发现的一切。spend time (in) doing sth. 表示“花费时间做某事”。这里为非谓语动词作宾语，用动名词形式。故填recording。44．remarkable 考查形容词。句意：这个城市的显著发展，是有意识地在保护过去的同时步入现代世界，这意味着这里总是有新的东西可以发现，我可以在接下来的50年里一直拍摄北京。分析句子成分可知，空格处为形容词修饰名词短语“development of this city”。故填remarkable。45．means 考查动词的时态。句意：同上题。这里为本句的谓语，根据上下文内容可知，本句的时态为一般现在时；主语为development，单数形式，所以谓语动词用单数形式。故填means。第三部分 写作(共两节， 满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) (2023年全国甲卷)你们学校正举办主题为“用英文讲中国故事”的征文活动。请你以一位中国历史人物为题写一篇短文投稿。内容包括： 1．人物简介及事迹； 2．意义或启示。注意： 1．词数80左右； 2．题目已给出，不计入总词数。A Historical Figure in China ________________________________________________________________ One possible version： A Historical Figure in China Confucius is a well-known figure in Chinese history. His teachings emphasized the importance of moral values, respect for elders, and social harmony. Confucius traveled throughout the country, imparting his wisdom to countless disciples and leaving a profound impact on Chinese society.The significance of Confucius cannot be overstated. His teachings shaped the moral and ethical foundation of Chinese culture, fostering respect for authority, harmonious relationships, and the pursuit of knowledge. Even today, his ideas continue to guide individuals and communities in China and beyond.Confucius’s life offers valuable lessons. He stressed the self-cultivation, respect for elders, and the pursuit of knowledge, which serves as a guiding light in our fast-paced and interconnected world. His teachings remind us of the importance of integrity, compassion, and social responsibility.第二节(满分25分) 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Baseball is a tradition in my family. Some of my best memories were the days when my dad took me on the 90-minute drive to San Francisco to see baseball games. When I had my first child, Zach, Paw-as Zach called him-had another youngster interested in all things about baseball. Unfortunately, by the time Zach was old enough to go to games Paw could no longer go. He had Alzheimer’s (老年痴呆症).“Why don’t we take Paw with us to a game, Dad？” Zach asked one day as we drove home from a visit. I couldn’t bear to dash Zach’s dream. “Maybe someday we’ll all see a game together，” I said, Paw was Zach’s biggest fan until he passed away.After he died, the world seemed pretty gray for all of us, but especially for Zach. Several weeks after Paw died, a good friend offered us some free baseball tickets. I hesitated. Since his death even baseball had lost some of its flavour. On the other hand, maybe that’s just what Dad would want us to do, I thought. Finally, I accepted my friend’s offer. We drove to the game in high spirits. “ I can’t wait！” Zach said as we entered the stadium. Pleasant memories of my father swirled around my head. We walked up to the will-call window.“First and last name with some ID, please, ” the attendant said.I gave my driver’s license to her.“I’m sorry，” she said finally, “there aren’t any tickets for you. ” “There must be some mistakes. ” I said. She checked again but there were still no tickets for us. We backed away from the window in shock. The tickets were sold out. Zach looked down at the ground upset, when an old man walked over to us.注意： 1．续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式在相应的位置作答。“Are you taking your son to the game？” the old gentleman asked kindly. ________ ________________________________________________________________ One possible version： “Are you taking your son to the game？” the old gentleman asked kindly. “Yes，” I said, “but there was some sort of mix-up with our tickets. We didn’t have any. ” The old man held up two. “Here，” he said. “Take these, and I want your boy to see the game. ” He put the tickets in my hand and walked off with a smile. “Thanks！” Zach shouted as the man disappeared into the sea of sports fans crowding into the entrance.Zach took my hand and went into the stadium excitedly. ________ One possible version： Zach took my hand and went into the stadium excitedly. We found there was an empty seat next to us. “The man who gave us the tickets must be coming，” Zach said. “We can buy him a hot dog！” But nobody came until the game began. “We can leave this seat to Paw, Dad，” Zach whispered. We finally did get to see the game, the three of us. I pulled Zach close. It was the old man like an angel who made Zach’s dream come true. Jacqueline Felice de Almania (c. 1322) highlights the suspicion that women practicing medicine faced. Born to a Jewish family in Florence, she moved to Paris where she worked as a physician and performed surgery. In 1322 she was tried for practicing unlawfully. In spite of the court hearing testimonials(证明) of her ability as a doctor, she was banned from medicine. James Barry (c. 1789 — 1865) was born Margaret Bulkley in Ireland but，dressed as a man，she was accepted by Edinburgh University to study medicine. She qualified as a surgeon in 1813, then joined the British Army，serving overseas. Barry retired in 1859，having practiced her entire medical profession living and working as a man. Tan Yunxian (1461 — 1554) was a Chinese physician who learned her skills from her grandparents. Chinese women at the time could not serve apprenticeships(学徒期) with doctors. However，Tan passed the official exam. Tan treated women from all walks of life. In 1511，Tan wrote a book，Sayings of a Female Doctor, describing her life as a physician. Rebecca Lee Crumpler (1831 — 1895) worked as a nurse for eight years before studying in medical college in Boston in 1860．Four years later，she was the first African American woman to receive a medical degree. She moved to Virginia in 1865，where she provided medical care to freed slaves.
相关资料
更多
