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人教版八年级英语下册unit 5 单元重点单词词组短语句型精练-单元重难点易错题精练
展开单元重点单词词组短语句型精练
(时间:60分钟,满分:100分)
一、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空(本大题共40小题,每小题1分,共40分)
1.My mther passed sme ______ (match) t me in the dark.
2.The rad is ______ (ice) because f the heavy snw, s we have t drive carefully.
3.The radi says it will be ______ (wind) this evening.
4.The little girl fell ______ (sleep) in her mther’s arms.
5.It was snwing when we made ______ (we) way t my grandpa’s huse.
用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空,必要时可加助动词或情态动词。
6.Jack _____________ (read) at the library when the accident happened t Jack’s father.
7.Many peple tk hurs ______________(get) hme yesterday because f the rainstrm.
8.I’m s glad I didn’t decide ____________(play) basketball.
9.—What were they ding frm 8:00 t 10:00 p.m. last night?
—They _________________ (use) the Internet.
10.I thught I had an umbrella in my schlbag, s I kept __________(try) t lk fr it.
11.She was s busy _____________(lk) fr her mbile phne that she didn’t see a car cming.
12.Finally, the schl bus came and __________(bring) me hme.
13.When the cmpetitin ___________ (start), David was still making his way t schl.
14.While the man ____________ (run) back hme, he saw a dg by the side f the rad.
15.I had truble ______________(think) clearly after that because I was very afraid.
16.I didn’t fall__________(sleep)until 11: 00 last night.
17.My father was cleaning the car while I_______(sweep)the flr.
18.It’s been raining_____(heavy)all day.
19.--- What____yu ______ (d)when he arrived? --- I______(write)a letter at that time.
20.Yu’re______(kid). Li Lei didn’t tell me abut that.
21.He has truble in_________(learn) English.
22.Yu shuld tell us the_______(true).
23.He was late fr schl because f______(get)up late.
24.Kim didn’t pass the exam. S he walked hme in_________(silent).
25.I dn’t knw the _______ (mean)f the wrd. I shuld lk it up in the dictinary.
26.I trust him_______(cmplete).
27.I had a difficult time ____________ (find) my lst bike.
28.If I becme a teacher, I will be able ____________ (have) tw vacatins a year.
29.Whenever yu have a chance ____________ (speak) English, yu shuld take it.
30.My parents were cmpletely ____________ (shck) when they heard the news.
31.He has truble in______(learn) English.
32.Yu shuld tell us the_____ (true).
33.Her mther_____ (ck) at 6:30 yesterday.
34.Father _____ still ______(sleep)when I ______(get)up yesterday mrning.
35.Grandma ______ (ck)breakfast while I ______(wash)my face this mrning.
36.Dctr Liu was n duty last night. He ______still ______(talk)with his patients in the hspital at 10 p.m.
37.I ______(read)a histry bk when smene ______(knck)at the dr.
38.After the rainstrm, _____(fall) trees and brken windws were everywhere.
39.The rain was __________(heavy) against the windws.
40.Everyne felt _______( shck) at the accident.
二、单词拼写(本大题共20小题,每小题1分,共20分)
41.I was cutting my hair when the s_____________(奇怪的) man passed the dr.
42.Ben’s mm was putting sme candles and m_____________(火柴) n the table.
43.We were having fun in the p_____________(操场) when the schl bell rang.
44.Rbert and his friends were c_____________(完全)surprised t hear the news.
45.The news n TV r_____________(报道) that there was a rainstrm in the area.
根据语境及所给汉语提示,写出所缺单词。
46.There are n new wrds in the three __________(章节).
47.These __________(学生) all cme frm the USA.
48.—What was the __________(日期) yesterday?
—It was Nvember 19th.
49.—Yu’re standing n my ft.
—Srry, I didn’t __________(意识到).
50.There are n differences between the tw __________(塔).
51.There are five thusand p________ and three hundred teachers in the schl.
52.Dn’t lie (撒谎) t me. Yu must tell me the t________.
53.—What’s the d________ tday?
—It’s July 1st.
54.She said nthing, just standing there in s________.
55.—Hw many ________ (章节) are there in the text?
—Ten. I need t read tw f them.
56.D yu knw wh brke the ________ (窗户)?
57.There’s a ________(奇怪的)thing in frnt f me in the dark. I dn’t knw what it is.
58.We need t put sme mre ________(木头)n the fire.
59.I ________ (突然) remembered I left my keys in the ffice.
60.________(最近)I read sme magazines abut the news arund the wrld.
三、完成句子(本大题共10小题,每小题2分,共20分)
根据汉语意思完成英语句子,每空一词。
61.风逐渐变弱, 太阳出来了。
The wind was _____ _____and the sun rse.
62.当他醒来时,他爸爸正在看着他。
When he______ ______, his father was watching him.
63.不要打我的脸。
Dn’t______me______the face.
64.他迟到了,因为他的闹钟没响。
He was late because his alarm didn’t______ ______.
65.那时他正在等他爸爸。
He was______ ______his father at that time.
66.Lucy和Lily昨天下午4点钟在游泳。
Lucy and Lily____ ____at4:00 p.m. yesterday
67.这个周末将要有一场大雨。
There will be ____ _____ _________this weekend.
68.起初, 他不相信这个事实。
__________ ___________, he didn’t believe the _________.
69.昨晚发生火灾时你正在干什么?
What______yu_____when the fire_____last night?
70.在困难时期我们要相互帮助。
We shuld help each ther ______ _______ ______ ______.
四、句型转换(本大题共10小题,每小题2分,共20分)
71.He plays cards every evening.(用at eight last night替换every evening改写句子)
He _________ _________ cards at eight last night.
72.She was making dinner when her brther came back.(对划线部分提问)
_________ _________ she _________ when her brther came back?
73.Linda was cleaning the kitchen at the time f the strng wind.(改为否定句)
Linda _________ _________ the kitchen at the time f the strng wind.
74.They were watching a cmedy at fur ’clck yesterday afternn.(改为一般疑问句)
_________ they _________ a cmedy at fur ’clck yesterday afternn?
75.Was his father reading a magazine at that time?(补全否定答语)
N, _________ _________.
根据括号内的要求完成下列各题,每空一词(含缩略形式)。
76.Lingling was practicing the guitar at that time. (改为否定句)
Lingling ________ ________ the guitar at that time.
77.They were sweeping the flr when I left.(改为一般疑问句)
________ they ________ the flr when yu left?
78.I was listening t music while my mther was cking.(对划线部分提问)
________ were yu ________ while yur mther was cking?
79.We were having a party when it rained.(改为同义句)
While we ________ ________ a party, it rained.
80.Jim swam last Mnday. (用at fur last Mnday afternn替换last Mnday改写句子)
Jim ________ ________ at fur last Mnday afternn.
参考答案:
1.matches 2.icy 3.windy 4.asleep 5.ur
【解析】1.句意:我妈妈在黑暗中给我递了几根火柴。match当“火柴”讲,是可数名词,sme后跟可数名词的复数形式,故答案为matches。
2.句意:由于大雪,路面结冰了,所以我们得小心驾驶。此处是系表结构,形容词用作表语,故答案为icy。
3.句意:收音机广播说今天晚上有风。be后跟形容词作表语,故答案为windy。
4.句意:小女孩在妈妈的怀里睡着了。fall asleep睡着,入睡。故答案为asleep。
5.句意:当我们向爷爷家走去时,天正下着雪。名词的前面用形容词性物主代词,故答案为ur。
6.was reading 7.t get 8.t play 9.were using 10.trying 11.lking 12.brught 13.started 14.was running 15.thinking
【解析】6.句意:当杰克的父亲发生交通事故,杰克正在图书管里读书。由when引导的时间状语从句,主句用过去进行时,从句应用一般过去时;根据句意故答案为was reading。
7.句意:由于暴风雨昨天许多人回家用了几个小时的时间。Sb tk sme time t d做某事花了某人多长时间。这里用动词不定式。故答案为t get。
8.句意:我如此高兴还没有决定去打篮球。decide t d sth决定做某事。故答案为t play 。
9.句意:--昨天晚上8点到9点他们在做什么?--他们在用电脑。因为问句用的是过去进行时,所以答语还用同样的时态,因为句子的主语是复数形式they,所以be动词用were,故答案为were using。
10.句意:我原认为在我的书包里有一把伞,所以我一直试图在寻找它。短语keep ding一直做某事。故答案为trying。
11.句意:她忙着找她的手机以至于她没有注意到一辆车过来了。短语be busy ding sth忙着做某事。故答案为lking。
12.句意:最后,校车来了把她带走了。and前面的动词came,是一般过去时,and前后的动词发生的时间都是在过去,所以这里也用一般过去时。故答案为brught。
13.句意:当学校篮球比赛开始的时候,凯特还在去学校的路上。 make ne’s way t … 某人在去……的路上(当后接地点副词时,应省略介词t)因为主句用的时态属于过去时的范围,所以从句的时态也是用过去时的范围之内的一种时态,根据句意可知,这里应该用一般过去时,故答案为started。
14.句意:当一位男士跑回家的时候,他看见一条狗在路边。主句用的是一般过去时,while后应该用过去进行时,从句的主语是第三人称单数,be动词应该用单数was,故答案为was running。
15.句意: 在那之后由于害怕 我无法清晰地思考。短语have truble ding sth做某事由麻烦。故答案为thinking。
点睛:如何确定动词的时态,时态是动词填空的重点,在解题时必须慎重。
1.根据句中的时间状语来确定时态。
2. 注意时态呼应。如:1、4、7、8、9题。
3.根据固定搭配来确定动词的形式。如:2、3、5、6、10题。
16.asleep 17.was sweeping 18.heavily 19. were ding was writing 20.kidding 21.learning 22.truth 23.getting 24.silence 25.meaning 26.cmpletely 27.finding 28.t have 29.t speak 30.shcked 31.learning 32.truth 33.was cking 34. was sleeping gt 35. was cking was washing 36. was talking 37. was reading kncked 38.fallen 39.heavily 40.shcked
【解析】16.句意:昨天晚上我直到11点才睡着。根据fall 在这里做系动词,表示“进入(某种状态)”,所以后用形容词做表语;fall asleep睡着;故填asleep
17.句意:当我扫地时,我爸爸正在擦车。根据My father was cleaning the car我爸爸正在擦车,while引导的时间状语从句和主句的动作同时进行,所以也用过去进行时态;故填was sweeping
18.句意:整天都在下答语。根据副词修饰动词raining,故填heavily
19.句意:——当他到达时,你在做什么?——那时我在写信。根据when he arrived可知主句用过去进行时态,根据at that time.可知用过去进行时态,故填(1). were (2). ding (3). was writing
20.句意:你在开玩笑吧,李磊没告诉我那件事。根据Yu’re可知是现在进行时态;故填kidding
21.句意:他在学英语上有困难。根据in介词,后用ding形式;故填learning
22.句意:你应该告诉我们真相。根据句意可知用名词形式;故填truth
23.句意:他上学迟到了,因为起晚了。根据f介词,后用ding形式;故填getting
24.句意:Kim没通过考试,因此他默默地走回家。根据in silence默默地;故填silence
25.句意:我不知道这个单词的意思,我应该查查词典。根据the meaning f ---的意思,这里用名词形式;故填meaning
26.句意:我完全相信他。根据副词修饰动词trust;故填cmpletely
27.句意:我很难找到我丢的自行车。根据have a difficult time ding很难做某事;故填finding
28.句意:如果我成为一个老师,我一年将会有两个假期。根据be able t d能做某事;故填t have
29.句意:无论你什么时候有机会说英语,你应该利用它。根据have a chance t d有机会做某事;故填t speak
30.句意:当我父母听到这个消息时,他们完全被震惊了。根据主语My parents和shck之间是被动关系,所以用被动语态;故填shcked
31.句意:他在学英语上有困难。根据in介词,后用ding形式;故填learning
32.句意:你应该告诉我们真相。根据句意可知用名词形式;故填truth
33.句意:昨天6点半时她妈妈在做饭。根据at 6:30 yesterday.可知用过去进行时态;故填was cking
34.句意:当我昨天早晨起床时,爸爸仍然在睡觉。根据when I ______(get)up yesterday mrning.和get是短暂性动词用过去时态,主句用过去进行时态;故填(1). was (2). sleeping (3). gt
35.句意:今天早晨当我在洗脸时,奶奶在做早饭。根据while可知主句和从句的动作同时发生,根据this mrning可知用过去进行时态;故填(1). was cking (2). was washing
36.句意:刘医生昨天晚上值班,晚上10点在医院里他仍然在和病人交谈。根据at 10 p.m.和last night.可知用过去进行时态;故填(1). was (2). talking
37.句意:当有人敲门时,我在读一本历史书。由when引导的时间状语从句,主句用过去进行时态,从句用一般过去时态;故填(1). was reading (2). kncked
38.句意:暴风雨后,倒地的树和破碎的窗户到处都是。根据fallen落下来的,形容词,修饰名词trees做定语;故填fallen
39.句意:雨在重重地敲打着窗户。根据副词修饰against;故填heavily
40.句意:在交通事故中,每个人都震惊了。根据felt 系动词,后用形容词,shcked震惊的,形容词做表语;故填shcked
41.strange 42.matches 43.playgrund 44.cmpletely 45.reprted
【解析】41.句意“当一个奇怪的男人经过时,我正在理发”。strange奇怪的,故填strange。
42.句意“本的妈妈在桌子上放了一些蜡烛和火柴”。match火柴。且根据空前的sme可知,用复数,故填matches。
43.句意“当铃声响时,我们在操场上玩得很开心”。playgrund操场,故填playgrund。
44.句意“罗伯特和他的朋友听到这个消息完全吃惊了”。cmplete完全的,且空处修饰形容词surprised,用副词,故填cmpletely。
45.句意“电视上新闻报道,这个区域有暴雨”。报道reprt,且根据was可知,用过去时,故填reprted。
46.passages 47.pupils / students 48.date 49.realize 50.twers
【解析】46.句意:这三个段落里没有生词。根据数词three可知后面的名词用复数形式,结合句意和汉语提示可知填passages。
47.句意:这些学生都来自美国。根据These(这些)可知后面的名词用复数形式,结合句意和汉语提示可知填pupils / students。
48.句意:---昨天是几号?----那是11月19日。询问“今天是几月几日”使用句型:What is the date tday?询问“今天是星期几”使用句型:What day is it tday? 询问“昨天是几号?”可知此句时态一般过去式,是What was the date yesterday? 结合句意和汉语提示可知填date。
49.句意:---你踩了我的脚了。----对不起,我没意识到。助动词didn’t后面跟动词原形,结合句意和汉语提示可知填realize 。
50.句意:这两座塔没有什么区别。根据数词tw可知后面的名词用复数形式,结合句意和汉语提示可知填twers。
51.(p)upils
【详解】句意:这所学校有五千名学生和三百名教师。根据“There are five three hundred teachers in the schl.”可知是有五千名学生。pupil“学生”,此处应该用复数形式,故填(p)upils。
52.(t)ruth
【详解】句意:别骗我。你必须告诉我真相。根据“Dn’t lie (撒谎) t me.”可知,句子说的是“要告诉真相”。根据空格前的定冠词the可知,空格上填名词。“真相”对应的英文为truth,名词。故填(t)ruth。
53.(d)ate
【详解】句意:——今天日期是多少?——七月一日。the后接名词,根据“It’s July 1st.”可知询问日期。date表示“日期”。故填(d)ate。
54.(s)ilence
【详解】句意:她什么也没说,就只是沉默地站在那儿。根据句意“She said nthing”可知,她没有说话,而是保持沉默,因此这里考查的是silence,是一个名词。in silence是固定短语,意为“沉默地”。故填(s)ilence。
55.passages
【详解】句意:——在这篇文章里有多少章节?——十个。我需要读其中的两个。根据单词的意思可知,这里考查passage,是一个名词。Hw many修饰可数名词复数,故填passages。
56.windw
【详解】句意:你知道是谁打破了窗户?windw意为“窗户”,前面有定冠词the来表示特指,此处用单数形式。故填windw。
57.strange
【详解】句意:黑暗中有一个奇怪的东西在我面前。我不知道是什么。strange“奇怪的”,是形容词,作定语修饰其后的名词,故填strange。
58.wd
【详解】句意:我们需要在火上多放些木柴。结合题干可知,wd意为“木头、木柴”,不可数名词。故填wd。
59.suddenly
【详解】句意:我突然想起我把钥匙忘在办公室了。suddenly“突然”,副词,修饰后面的动词“remembered”。故填suddenly。
60.Recently
【详解】句意:最近我读了一些关于世界各地新闻的杂志。recently“最近”,是副词,位于句首首字母要大写,故填Recently。
61. dying dwn 62. wke up 63. hit in 64. g ff 65. waiting fr 66. were swimming 67. a heavy rain 68. At first truth 69. were ding happened 70. in times f difficulty
【解析】61.由rse可知本句时态用过去时。根据中英文对照可知句中缺少固定短语“逐渐变弱”,英文表达是die dwn,所以这里应用过去进行时表示风力减小的一个过程,die的现在分词是dying,故答案填(1). dying (2). dwn
62.根据中英文对照可知句中缺少固定短语“醒来”,英文表达是wake up;根据后半句his father was watching him可知时态用过去时,wake的过去式为wke,故答案填(1). wke (2). up
63.由句意可知本句为祈使句,Dn’t后接动词原形。“打某人的脸”英文表达是hit sb.in the face,故答案填(1). hit (2). in
64.通过中英文句子的对比,可知英文句子中缺少固定短语“响起、发出声响”,英文表达是g ff;由题干中的was可知本句时态为一般过去时,设空处前面有否定助动词didn’t,所以这里应用g ff原形形式,故答案填(1). g (2). ff
65.通过中英文句子的对比,可知英文句子中缺少固定短语“等候”,英文表达是wait fr;根据时间状语at that time“那时、正在”可知本题时态应用过去进行时,其构成是“was/were+动词现在分词”,本句主语he,所以系动词用was,wait的现在分词是waiting,故答案填(1). waiting (2). fr
66.根据时间状语at4:00 p.m. yesterday是过去具体的时间点,过去具体的时间点应用过去进行时,其结构为:was/were+动词现在分词;主语是Lucy and Lily,所以系动词用were;“游泳”英文表达是swim,其现在分词是swimming,故答案填(1). were (2). swimming
67.分析题干可知本题是there be的一般将来时,通过中英文句子的对比,可知英文句子中缺少“一场大雨”,因英文表达是a heavy rain,故答案填(1). a (2). heavy (3). rain
68.根据中英文对比可知,本题考查固定短语“起初”,英文表达是at first,因其位于句首,所以at首字母要大写;“事实”,名词,作believe的宾语,英文表达是truth,故答案填(1). At(2). first (3). truth
69.分析题干可知此题考查过去进行时,结构为主语+was/were+动词现在分词,主语是yu;对应的be动词是are,过去式是were;做:ding;when the fire happened last night,做时间状语从句,火灾发生是一般过去时,happen过去式happened.此题考查当一个动作发生时,另一个动作正在进行;故答案填(1). were (2). ding (3). happened
70.根据中英文对比可知,本题考查固定短语“在困难时期”,英文表达是in times f difficulty,故答案填(1). in (2). times (3). f (4). difficulty
点睛:做根据汉语意思完成句子,首先要通读汉语,了解这个句子所要表达的意思;然后再阅读英文,找出其中要考查的内容,观察一下要求翻译的汉语,然后想一下相关的词汇、句型,并考虑时态、语态、词形的变化、主谓一致等问;最后翻译出所缺的英文部分。如,第2小题,考查固定短语“醒来”,英文表达是wake up,本句时态为过去时,故答案填(1). wke (2). up;第6小题,根据时间状语at4:00 p.m. yesterday是过去具体的时间点,可知时态用过去进行时,主语是Lucy and Lily,所以系动词用were;“游泳”swim的现在分词是swimming,故答案填(1). were (2). swimming。
71. was playing 72. What was ding 73. wasn’t cleaning 74. Were watching 75. he wasn’t
【解析】71.He plays cards every evening.(用at eight last night替换every evening改写句子) 用at eight last night作状语,句子就是过去进行时态,主语是he,所以用was;故填(1). was (2). playing。
72.She was making dinner when her brther came back.(对划线部分提问)句子就成了特殊疑问句:疑问词+ 一般疑问句?疑问句把was提到主语前,对making dinner提问,用?故填(1). What (2). was (3). ding。
73.Linda was cleaning the kitchen at the time f the strng wind.(改为否定句) 过去进行时态的否定句是在was后加nt;故填(1). wasn’t (2). cleaning。
74.They were watching a cmedy at fur ’clck yesterday afternn.(改为一般疑问句) 过去进行时态的疑问句需要把were提到主语前;故填(1). Were (2). watching。
75.Was his father reading a magazine at that time?(补全否定答语) 根据前后一致性,因 N,所以后面用否定形式,主语his father用he代替;故填(1). he (2). wasn’t。
76. wasn’t practicing 77. Were sweeping 78. What ding 79. were having 80. was swimming
【解析】76.句意:那时,玲玲正在练习弹吉他。题干要求改为否定句。由句意可知本句时态为过去进行时,其否定句的构成是:was/were+nt+动词现在分词,本句中的系动词为was,故答案填(1). wasn’t (2). practicing
77.句意:当我离开时,他们正在扫地。题干要求改为一般疑问句。本句时态为过去进行时,结构为was/were+动词现在分词,其一般疑问句是直接把was/were提到主语的前面,并大写首字母即可,本句系动词是were,故答案填(1). Were (2). sweeping
78.句意:当我妈妈正在做饭的时候我正在听音乐。本题时态为过去进行时。根据画线部分是listening t music可知应用特殊疑问词what来提问,同时用ding来代替画线部分,第一人称I应改为第二人称yu,系动词was应改为were,故答案填(1). What (2). ding
79.句意:下雨的时候我们正在举行聚会。本题要求改为同义句。原句为when引导的时间状语从句,后接一般过去时,句意为:下雨的时候我们正在举行聚会;改写后为while引导的时间状语从句,后接过去进行时,句意为:当我们正在举行聚会的时候,天气下雨了。主语是we,所以系动词用were,“举行聚会”have a party,have现在分词是having,故答案填(1). Were(2). having
80.句意:吉姆在上周一游泳了。本题要求用at fur last Mnday afternn替换last Mnday改写句子。原句为一般过去时,而at fur last Mnday afternn是过去具体的时间点,过去具体的时间点应用过去进行时,其构成为was/were+动词现在分词,主语是Jim,所以系动词用was,swam是swim的过去式,这里应用swim的现在分词swimming,故答案填(1). was (2). swimming
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