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从命题形式上看，常见的有细节理解、词义猜测、主旨大意、推理判断、作者意图等题型。除了推论或词义辨识题，记叙文命题的顺序一般都会按照文章的脉络和故事发展的顺序层层推进，否则就会觉得别扭，逻辑不通。同时，记叙文需要事件的发展过程作支撑，一半以上的题目都会用来检测考生对故事的了解，因此，我们必须弄明白整件事情的发展脉络。而其余像主旨大意、作者意图之类的题目，则取决于文章的落句，集中考查对作者所发的感触的理解。综上所述，记叙文的应对策略即：不漏细节，奠定基础；把准寓意，方能成功。
（2023年新高考I卷）When Jhn Tdd was a child, he lved t explre the wds arund his huse, bserving hw nature slved prblems. A dirty stream, fr example, ften became clear after flwing thrugh plants and alng rcks where tiny creatures lived. When he gt lder, Jhn started t wnder if this prcess culd be used t clean up the messes peple were making.
After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in cllege, Jhn went back t bserving nature and asking questins. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)? Which kinds f fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals? With the right cmbinatin f animals and plants, he figured, maybe he culd clean up waste the way nature did. He decided t build what he wuld later call an ec-machine.
The task Jhn set fr himself was t remve harmful substances frm sme sludge (污泥). First, he cnstructed a series f clear fiberglass tanks cnnected t each ther. Then he went arund t lcal pnds and streams and brught back sme plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds f life gt used t ne anther and frmed their wn ecsystem. After a few weeks, Jhn added the sludge.
He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the ec-machine tk the sludge as fd and began t eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water.
Over the years, Jhn has taken n many big jbs. He develped a greenhuse — like facility that treated sewage (污水) frm 1,600 hmes in Suth Burlingtn. He als designed an ec-machine t clean canal water in Fuzhu, a city in sutheast China.
“Eclgical design” is the name Jhn gives t what he des. “Life n Earth is kind f a bx f spare parts fr the inventr,” he says. “Yu put rganisms in new relatinships and bserve what’s happening. Then yu let these new systems develp their wn ways t self-repair.”
24．What can we learn abut Jhn frm the first tw paragraphs?
A．He was fnd f traveling.B．He enjyed being alne.
C．He had an inquiring mind.D．He lnged t be a dctr.
25．Why did Jhn put the sludge int the tanks?
A．T feed the animals.B．T build an ecsystem.
C．T prtect the plants.D．T test the ec-machine.
26．What is the authr’s purpse in mentining Fuzhu?
A．T review Jhn’s research plans.B．T shw an applicatin f Jhn’s idea.
C．T cmpare Jhn’s different jbs.D．T erase dubts abut Jhn’s inventin.
27．What is the basis fr Jhn’s wrk?
A．Nature can repair itself.B．Organisms need water t survive.
C．Life n Earth is diverse.D．Mst tiny creatures live in grups.
【答案】24．C 25．D 26．B 27．A
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Jhn Tdd从小就很爱思考且好学，他建造了一个生态机器，利用自然可以自我修复的原理来净化污水。
24．细节理解题。根据第一段“When Jhn Tdd was a child, he lved t explre the wds arund his huse, bserving hw nature slved prblems. A dirty stream, fr example, ften became clear after flwing thrugh plants and alng rcks where tiny creatures lived. When he gt lder, Jhn started t wnder if this prcess culd be used t clean up the messes peple were making. (当约翰·托德还是个孩子的时候，他喜欢探索房子周围的树林，观察大自然是如何解决问题的。例如，一条肮脏的小溪流经植物和微小生物居住的岩石后，往往会变得清澈。长大后，约翰开始思考这个过程是否可以用来清理人们制造的混乱)”以及第二段“After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in cllege, Jhn went back t bserving nature and asking questins. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)? Which kinds f fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals? (在大学学习了农业、医学和渔业之后，约翰又回到了观察自然和提出问题的生活中。为什么某些植物能捕获有害细菌？哪些鱼类会食用致癌化学物质？)”可知，约翰聪颖好学、好奇心很强。故选C。
25．细节理解题。根据第三段“After a few weeks, Jhn added the sludge. (几个星期后，约翰把污泥加了进去)”以及倒数第三段“He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the ec-machine tk the sludge as fd and began t eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water. (他对结果感到惊讶。生态机器里的动植物把污泥当成了食物，开始吃了起来！几周之内，它就被消化了，只剩下纯净水)”可知，约翰把污泥放进罐子里是为了测试生态机器。故选D。
26．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Over the years, Jhn has taken n many big jbs. He develped a greenhuse — like facility that treated sewage (污水) frm 1,600 hmes in Suth Burlingtn. He als designed an ec-machine t clean canal water in Fuzhu, a city in sutheast China. (这些年来，约翰承担了许多重大工作。他开发了一个类似温室的设施，可以处理来自南伯灵顿1600户家庭的污水。他还设计了一种生态机器来清洁中国东南部城市福州的运河水)”可推知，作者提到福州的目的是展示约翰想法的应用。故选B。
27．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Yu put rganisms in new relatinships and bserve what’s happening. Then yu let these new systems develp their wn ways t self-repair. (你把生物体放在新的关系中，观察会发生什么。然后让这些新系统自行发展自我修复的方式)”可知，约翰工作的基础是自然可以自我修复。故选A。
（2024山东潍坊·高三统考期末）When mst kids g t the beach, they’re t fcused n making sandcastles and splashing arund t ntice litter, but several years ag, fr 7-year-ld Cash Daniels, nticing a plastic straw sparked a lifelng passin fr saving the planet.
Cash, wh is nw knwn as the “cnservatin kid”, has always lved nature. He grew up fishing alng the Chattanga River, after all! But nce he learned that 80 percent f all trash frm land and rivers ends up in the cean, he culdn’t sit back.
He started with cleanups alng the river, smething that quickly went frm a family affair t a cmmunity effrt with vlunteers and neighbrs. In 2019, Cash, tgether with a Canadian cnservatinist, Ella Galaski-Rssen, started a nnprfit called the Cleanup Kids. Despite living in different cuntries, they managed t create educatinal vides n their YuTube channel. “We hpe t be a really big nnprfit that eliminates plastic in the U. S. and Canada,” Cash said. “We want t infrm kids and adults in the landlcked states n hw their actins are cnnected t the water and the cean,” Cash said.
Cash was selected as ne f America’s tp 10 yuth vlunteers f 2021 by the Prudential Spirit f Cmmunity Awards. He als earned the title f Natinal Hnree, where he received a$5,000 grant t g t a nnprfit f his chice, and he became the first persn t win the Yuth Cnservatinist Award tw years in a rw frm the Tennessee Wildlife Federatin.
“I want t travel the wrld, teach thers, and help them feel cnnected t the cean. Because if yu are cnnected t the cean-if yu lve it and what lives in it—yu’ll want t prtect it,” he said. “This is my fun, and it becmes mre fun with every new discvery.”
24．Which can replace the underlined wrds “sit back” in paragraph 2?
A．Fall asleep.B．Lse heart.
C．Turn a blind eye.D．Lend a hand.
25．What is the purpse f starting the Cleanup Kids?
A．T recycle waste plastics.
B．T make instructive vides.
C．T spread marine knwledge.
D．T appeal fr cean prtectin.
26．Which f the fllwing best describes Cash Daniels?
A．Sympathetic and devted.B．Initiative and talented.
C．Ambitius and humrus.D．Determined and mdest.
27．What des Cash Daniels stry imply?
A．Passin fuels dreams.
B．Great minds think alike.
C．Helping thers is f great fun.
D．Actins speak luder than wrds.
【答案】24．C 25．D 26．A 27．A
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲的是Cash Daniels热爱大自然，他从7岁开始就对保护地球充满了热情，他先从清理河流沿岸开始，并将此发展成一项人们可以广泛参与的活动。他被评选为2021年美国十大青年志愿者之一。
24．词句猜测题。根据文章第二段划线词之前“He grew up fishing alng the Chattanga River, after all! But nce he learned that 80 percent f all trash frm land and rivers ends up in the cean, he culdn’t(毕竟，他是在Chattanga河边钓鱼长大的！但当他了解到80%来自陆地和河流的垃圾最终都进入了海洋后，他就不能再这么做了)”以及第三段开头 “He started with cleanups alng the river, smething that quickly went frm a family affair t a cmmunity effrt with vlunteers and neighbrs.(他从清理河流开始，这件事很快就从家庭事务变成了志愿者和邻居的社区努力。)”可知当Cash Daniels看到了解到80%来自陆地和河流的垃圾最终都进入了海洋以后，他开始对河流岸边的垃圾进行了清理，最终这件事成为了人们可以广泛参与的活动，由此可以推测Cash Daniels对于最终都进入了海洋的垃圾没有置之不理，而是采取了积极的行动，所以划线词的意思与C项Turn a blind eye(视而不见)意思相近，故选C项。
25．细节理解题。根据文章第三段““We want t infrm kids and adults in the landlcked states n hw their actins are cnnected t the water and the cean,” Cash said.(卡什说：“我们想让内陆各州的孩子和成年人了解他们的行为与水和海洋的关系。”)”可知the Cleanup Kids的目的是让内陆各州的孩子和成年人了解他们的行为与水和海洋的关系，即呼吁人们保护海洋。故选D项。
26．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Cash, wh is nw knwn as the “cnservatin kid”, has always lved nature. He grew up fishing alng the Chattanga River, after all! But nce he learned that 80 percent f all trash frm land and rivers ends up in the cean, he culdn’t sit back.( Cash现在被称为“环保孩子”，他一直热爱大自然。毕竟，他是在Chattanga河边钓鱼长大的！但当他了解到80%来自陆地和河流的垃圾最终进入海洋时，他不能坐视不管。)”可知Cash热爱大自然，关心环境，所以他是富有同情心的，根据文章最后一段““I want t travel the wrld, teach thers, and help them feel cnnected t the cean. Because if yu are cnnected t the cean-if yu lve it and what lives in it—yu’ll want t prtect it,” he said. “This is my fun, and it becmes mre fun with every new discvery.”(“我想环游世界，教别人，帮助他们感受到与海洋的联系。因为如果你和海洋有联系——如果你爱它和它的生物——你就会想要保护它，”他说。“这是我的乐趣，随着每一个新发现，它变得更加有趣。”)”可知Cash想要环游世界，教育别人，帮助他们感受到与海洋的联系，所以他是有奉献精神的，故选A项。
27．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“When mst kids g t the beach, they’re t fcused n making sandcastles and splashing arund t ntice litter, but several years ag, fr 7-year-ld Cash Daniels, nticing a plastic straw sparked a lifelng passin fr saving the planet.(当大多数孩子去海滩时，他们太专注于堆沙堡和溅水，而没有注意到垃圾，但几年前，对7岁的Cash来说，注意到一根塑料吸管激发了他毕生拯救地球的热情。)”以及文章最后一段““I want t travel the wrld, teach thers, and help them feel cnnected t the cean. Because if yu are cnnected t the cean-if yu lve it and what lives in it—yu’ll want t prtect it,” he said. “This is my fun, and it becmes mre fun with every new discvery.”(“我想环游世界，教别人，帮助他们感受到与海洋的联系。因为如果你和海洋有联系——如果你爱它和它的生物——你就会想要保护它，”他说。“这是我的乐趣，随着每一个新发现，它变得更加有趣。”)”以及其他段落的内容可知一根塑料吸管激发了Cash拯救地球的热情而这种热情进而转化成了他的梦想，所以Cash 的故事暗示了激情可以点燃梦想。故选A项。
刷模拟
Passage（1）
（2023·浙江金华·浙江省义乌中学校考模拟预测）Like many ther five-year-lds, Jeanie Lw f Hustn, Texas, wuld use a stl (凳子) t help her reach the bathrm sink. Hwever, the plastic step-stl she had at hme was unstable and messed up the small bathrm shared by her whle family. After learning f an inventin cntest held by her schl that year, Jeanie reslved t enter the cntest by creating a stl that wuld be a permanent fixture in the bathrm, and yet culd be kept ut f the way when nt in use.
Jeanie decided t make a stl attached t the bathrm cabinet dr under the sink. She cut a bard f wd int tw pieces, each abut tw feet wide and ne ft lng. Using metal hinges (铰链), Jeanie attached ne piece f the wd t the frnt f the cabinet dr, and the secnd piece t the first. The first piece was set just high enugh s that when it swung ut hrizntally frm the cabinet dr, the secnd piece wuld swing dwn frm the first, just tuching the grund, and s serving as a supprt fr the first piece f the wd. This created a cnvenient, strng platfrm fr any persn t shrt t reach the sink. When nt in use, the hinges allwed the tw pieces f wd t fld back up tightly against the cabinet, where they were held in place by magnets (磁铁). Jeanie called her inventin “the Kiddie Stl”.
Jeanie’s Kiddie Stl wn first place in her schl’s cntest. Tw years later, it was awarded first prize again at Hustn’s first annual Inventin Fair. As a result, Jeanie was invited t make a number f public appearances with her Kiddie Stl, and was featured n lcal TV as well as in newspapers. Many peple fund the stry f the Kiddie Stl inspiring because it shwed that with a pair f bservant eyes, anyne can be an inventr.
24．Accrding t the passage, why did Jeanie Lw invent the Kiddie Stl?
A．Many ther five-year-lds had prblems reaching the bathrm sink.
B．She did nt think that plastic stls were tall enugh fr her.
C．The stl in her bathrm was nt firm and ften gt in the way.
D．She was invited t enter an inventin cntest held by her schl.
25．Which f the fllwing statements is true abut hw the Kiddie Stl wrks?
A．The platfrm is supprted by tw metal hinges.
B．It swings frm left t right t be attached t the cabinet dr.
C．It uses hinges and magnets t keep the wden pieces in place.
D．The Kiddie Stl will swing ut nly when the cabinet dr pens.
26．What are the characteristics f Jeanie’s Kiddie Stl?
A．Permanent and fldable.B．Fragile and dispsable.
C．Cnventinal and prtable.D．Cnvenient and recyclable.
27．What message des the passage cnvey?
A．Failure is the mther f success.
B．Necessity is the mther f inventin.
C．Genius is 1% inspiratin and 99% perspiratin.
D．Inventin requires bth disciplines and wild imaginatin.
【答案】24．C 25．C 26．A 27．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了5岁的珍妮发明了一款帮助小孩子能够得着洗手盆的踏脚凳的故事。
24．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Hwever, the plastic step-stl she had at hme was unstable and messed up the small bathrm shared by her whle family. (然而，她家里的塑料脚凳不稳定，把全家共用的小浴室搞砸了)”可知，珍妮想要发明踏脚凳的原因是，塑料凳子不稳定，还经常碍事。故选C。
25．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“When nt in use, the hinges allwed the tw pieces f wd t fld back up tightly against the cabinet, where they were held in place by magnets (磁铁). (不使用时，铰链可以使两块木头紧紧地靠在橱柜上折叠起来，并用磁铁将它们固定在适当的位置。)”可知，珍妮发明的踏脚凳使用了铰链和磁铁固定。故选C。
26．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Jeanie reslved t enter the cntest by creating a stl that wuld be a permanent fixture in the bathrm, and yet culd be kept ut f the way when nt in use. (珍妮决定参加竞赛，她制作了一种凳子，这种凳子将是浴室里的永久固定装置，但不用时可以挡住)”和第二段中的“This created a cnvenient, strng platfrm fr any persn t shrt t reach the sink. When nt in use, the hinges allwed the tw pieces f wd t fld back up tightly against the cabinet, where they were held in place by magnets (磁铁).(这为任何太矮而无法够得水槽的人创造了一个方便、坚固的平台。不使用时，铰链可以让两块木头紧紧地靠在橱柜上折叠起来，并用磁铁固定)”可知，珍妮发明的脚踏凳具有永久和可折叠的特性。故选A。
27．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Like many ther five-year-lds, Jeanie Lw f Hustn, Texas, wuld use a stl (凳子) t help her reach the bathrm sink. Hwever, the plastic step-stl she had at hme was unstable and messed up the small bathrm shared by her whle family. After learning f an inventin cntest held by her schl that year, Jeanie reslved t enter the cntest by creating a stl that wuld be a permanent fixture in the bathrm, and yet culd be kept ut f the way when nt in use. (像许多其他五岁的孩子一样，德克萨斯州休斯顿的珍妮·洛会用凳子帮她够浴室的水槽。然而，她家里的塑料脚凳不稳定，把全家共用的小浴室搞砸了。在得知学校当年举办的一场发明竞赛后，珍妮决定参加竞赛，她制作了一种凳子，这种凳子将是浴室里的永久固定装置，但不用时可以挡住)”可知，通过珍妮的故事我们可以知道，发明来源于我们的需求。故选B。
Passage（2）
（2023·山东·统考一模）Tyler had brken his arm in a bicycle accident. A car kncked Tyler dwn when it came ut f a side street withut stpping. The accident happened because there was n stp sign at the crner and the car didn’t stp. S Tyler decided t try t get the city t put up a stp sign.
First, Tyler wrte a petitin (请愿书) t have a stp sign put up with his parents’ help. Then, Tyler and his parents asked their neighbrs, friends, teachers, classmates ... almst everyne they knew t sign the petitin. Sn, there were hundreds f names n the petitin.
Tyler als gt sme infrmatin abut ther accidents at the same crner where he had had his wn accident. If he culd shw the city that it was a dangerus crner, they might put up a stp sign there. He hped that this infrmatin and his petitin wuld wrk.
When the petitin was ready, Tyler and his parents went t a meeting f the city cuncil (政务委员会). They brught alng the petitin and the ther infrmatin. After a lng wait, Tyler gt a chance t tell what had happened t him. He tld the stry f the bicycle accident and explained his idea. If there were a stp sign at the crner where the accident happened, ther kids wuld be safer. After that, Tyler read the petitin ut lud. Then, he handed it and the ther infrmatin t the cuncil. The city cuncil agreed t cnsider the request and make a decisin befre their next meeting.
The next mnth, Tyler and his parents attended anther meeting f the city cuncil. The head f the city cuncil annunced that the city had decided t agree t the petitin! There wuld be a stp sign at the crner where Tyler had his accident. Nw ther kids wuld be safer when they rde their bikes.
24．Why did Tyler have the bicycle accident at the crner?
A．Tyler rde rather t fast.B．There was n stp sign.
C．The car ran the red light.D．The street was crwded.
25．What was the first thing Tyler did t have a stp sign put up at the crner?
A．He fund ut abut ther accidents.
B．He explained his idea t his neighbrs.
C．He wrte a petitin fr the stp sign.
D．He attended a meeting f the city cuncil.
26．When did the city cuncil agree t the petitin?
A．As sn as Tyler handed it.B．After Tyler’s parents handed it again.
C．After abut a six-mnth wait.D．Nearly a mnth after Tyler handed it.
27．Hw wuld the ther kids prbably feel when the new stp sign was put up?
A．Thankful.B．Nervus.C．Embarrassed.D．Prud.
【答案】24．B 25．C 26．D 27．A
【导语】本文是篇记叙文。全文讲述了泰勒遭遇事故，并发起请愿，促使政府做出改变的故事。
24．细节理解题。根据第一段“The accident happened because there was n stp sign at the crner and the car didn’t stp.（事故发生是因为拐角处没有停车标志，汽车没有停下来）”可知事故原因是没有停车标志。故选B.
25．细节理解题。根据第二段“First, Tyler wrte a petitin t have a stp sign put up with his parents’ help.（首先，泰勒在他父母的帮助下写了一份请愿书，要求设置停车标志。）”可知她做得第一件事是写请愿书。故选C。
26．细节理解题。根据最后一段“The next mnth, Tyler and his parents attended anther meeting f the city cuncil. The head f the city cuncil annunced that the city had decided t agree t the petitin!（下个月，泰勒和他的父母参加了市议会的另一次会议。市议会主席宣布市政府决定同意请愿书）”可知是在她提交请愿书一个月之后，议会同意了她的请求。故选D。
27．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Nw ther kids wuld be safer when they rde their bikes.（现在其他孩子骑自行车时会更安全）”可判断其他孩子对这件事感到高兴与感激。故选A。
Passage（3）
（2024·广东佛山·统考一模）75-year-ld hip-hp (街舞) grandma Stephanie Walsh has gained wrldwide attentin with her intense dance mves and incredible energy. Better knwn as “Ms. Stephanie” nline, Walsh has been featured n scial media accunts with sme vides drawing mre than II millin peple t watch.
Walsh believes the vides gained ppularity because she is 75. “It’s because I’m a senir, ”said Walsh. “Yu dn’t usually see smene my age ding hip-hp and mving like that. ”But actually, it’s mre than that. Just as her prfile claims, Walsh’s vides are “inspiring the wrld t dance like n ne is watching. ”
“Dance isn’t just yur bdy, it’s what yu’re feeling inside abut the dance and it’s what cmes ut here in yur face,” Walsh said. “What I want t put thrugh my mvement is hw much fun it is and hw much jy it gives yu.”
Frm a yung age, Walsh lved t dance but her family didn’t have the mney fr classes. When she was nearly 30, she gt her daughter ballet lessns, which her daughter hated. S, she tk her daughter ut and started classes herself right away.
Walsh believes her lifelng passin fr dance is what mtivates her tday. “Everybdy has t have a passin in their life,” she said. “It’s like that saying, ‘A life withut passin is a life half lived.’ I believe that.”
Walsh dances fr fun and fitness, but als fr therapy (心理治疗). She struggled thrugh cuntless hardships, and she has mre than enugh reasns t keep her dwn. But they dn’t. She turns t her faith, her friends and f curse, dance, t shine as an inspiratin t thse arund her.
Gilbert, ne f Walsh’s fllwers, says she inspires him every day. “She’s a beautiful sul wh teaches me that it desn’t matter abut yur age r yur size. As lng as yu feel gd, that’s all that matters,” says Gilbert. “I am truly thankful that Walsh is teaching me at the age f 32 t live my life full and stp being s scared.”
24．What mtivates Walsh t d hip-hp?
A．Its great scial benefit.B．Its grwing ppularity.
C．Her enthusiasm fr dance.D．Her hunger fr reputatin.
25．What cntributes t her vides’ ppularity accrding t Walsh?
A．Her advanced age.B．Her smth mves.
C．Her endless energy.D．Her cnfident claim.
26．What will Walsh’s stry prbably inspire Gilbert t d?
A．Be active in scial media.
B．Set a gd example t thers.
C．Take full advantage f his talent.
D．Adpt a psitive apprach t life.
27．Which is a suitable title fr the text?
A．Optimistic Abut Life: The Way t Survive
B．Frever Yung in Dance: An Inspiring Figure
C．Embracing Scial Media: The Key t Success
D．Dancing with the Yung: An Amazing Jurney
【答案】24．C 25．A 26．D 27．B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了75岁的街舞奶奶斯蒂芬妮·沃尔什以其激烈的舞蹈动作和令人难以置信的能量赢得了全世界的关注，鼓舞了大家的故事。
24．细节理解题。由文章第五段中“Walsh believes her lifelng passin fr dance is what mtivates her tday. (沃尔什认为，她一生对舞蹈的热情是她今天的动力)”可知，她对舞蹈的热情促使她跳这种舞。故选C。
25．细节理解题。由文章第二段中“Walsh believes the vides gained ppularity because she is 75. (沃尔什认为，这些视频之所以受欢迎，是因为她已经75岁了)”可知，她认为让她的视频大受欢迎的原因是她的高龄。故选A。
26．推理判断题。由文章最后一段“Gilbert, ne f Walsh’s fllwers, says she inspires him every day. “She’s a beautiful sul wh teaches me that it desn’t matter abut yur age r yur size. As lng as yu feel gd, that’s all that matters, ”says Gilbert. “I am truly thankful that Walsh is teaching me at the age f 32 t live my life full and stp being s scared. ” (吉尔伯特是沃尔什的追随者之一，他说沃尔什每天都在激励他。“她是一个美丽的灵魂，她教会了我，年龄和身材都无关紧要。只要你感觉良好，那才是最重要的，”吉尔伯特说。“我真的很感激沃尔什在我32岁的时候教会我充实地生活，不要再害怕了。”)”可推知，沃尔什的故事可能会激励吉尔伯特对生活采取积极的态度，不再害怕了。故选D。
27．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第一段中“75-year-ld hip-hp (街舞) grandma Stephanie Walsh has gained wrldwide attentin with her intense dance mves and incredible energy. Better knwn as “Ms. Stephanie” nline, Walsh has been featured n scial media accunts with sme vides drawing mre than II millin peple t watch. (75岁的街舞奶奶斯蒂芬妮·沃尔什以其激烈的舞蹈动作和令人难以置信的能量赢得了全世界的关注。沃尔什在网上更广为人知的名字是“斯蒂芬妮女士”，她在社交媒体上的一些视频吸引了200多万人观看)”可知，文章主要介绍了75岁的街舞奶奶斯蒂芬妮·沃尔什以其激烈的舞蹈动作和令人难以置信的能量赢得了全世界的关注，鼓舞了大家。由此可知，B选项“Frever Yung in Dance: An Inspiring Figure (永远年轻的舞蹈：一个鼓舞人心的人物)”适合作本文最佳标题。故选B。
Passage（4）
（2024·浙江杭州·学军中学校考模拟预测）I’m a walker, lgging an average f 9000 steps a day several times a week arund my neighbrhd. On recent trips t Cpenhagen and Stckhlm, I nticed tall, fit Scandinavians (斯堪法尼亚人) walking alng n city streets with ples, as if they were crss-cuntry skiing withut any snw.
It was a surprise t learn that the additin f the ples makes it a mre vigrus, full-bdy exercise than simply walking – and, as a 76-year-ld lking t stay healthy while enjying the utdrs, I decided t give it a try.
There’s plenty f help nline fr the new Nrdic (北 欧的 ) walker: stand tall, swing yur arms ut as if t shake hands, and plant yur ples with vigur. Then there’s the little matter f the strap (带子) n the ple. This allws the walker t grip the ple when thrusting frward and then relax that hand as the ther hand pushes frward – a skill f crdinatin that builds strnger muscles.
Fr a warm-up, I started slw: Nrdic walking dwn the hall that extends frm my frnt dr t the deck. Keeping balance wasn’t my nly prblem. The nvel use f my arms and upper bdy was surprisingly demanding. After half an hur, my heart was punding and I was sweating, but I still wasn’t much gd.
Still, I carried n because there’s n arguing with the exercise’s benefits. Nrdic walkers’ upper-bdy exercise increases their heart rate significantly mre than walking withut ples. And accrding t cardilgist Dr Aarn Baggish, with ples “yu’re engaging 80 t 90 per cent f yur muscles.” It als helps peple with Parkinsn’s, says Burrill. “We put ples in their hands and it’s amazing because they start walking with real rhythm.”
After a few clumsy days f being cnvinced I wuld never succeed, suddenly everything clicked. Nt nly was I able t crdinate the mvements, I was aware that my heart, arms and cre were getting a wrkut. Nrdic walking is a frm f exercise I expect t enjy fr years t cme.
24．What inspired the writer t try Nrdic walking?
A．Enjying the utdr skiing.B．Observing Scandinavians walking.
C．Getting tired f simple walking.D．Fancying a healthy lifestyle.
25．What was the main challenge fr the authr during the initial stages f Nrdic walking?
A．Building strng muscle in the arms.
B．Using arms and upper bdy harmniusly.
C．Sweating with heart punding.
D．Feeling discuraged fr lack f prgress.
26．What des the authr want t shw by mentining peple with Parkinsn’s?
A．The great benefits f Nrdic walking.B．The wide practice f Nrdic walking.
C．The urgency t prmte Nrdic walking.D．The prmising future f Nrdic walking.
27．What is the authr’s intentin in writing this passage?
A．T persuade readers t try Nrdic walking fr fun.
B．T share the experience f trying a new fitness activity.
C．T emphasize the great difficulties f Nrdic walking.
D．T cmpare Nrdic walking with simple walking.
【答案】24．B 25．B 26．A 27．B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了作者尝试新健身活动——北欧式健走的体验以及其益处。
24．细节理解题。由文章一段中“On recent trips t Cpenhagen and Stckhlm, I nticed tall, fit Scandinavians (斯堪法尼亚人) walking alng n city streets with ples, as if they were crss-cuntry skiing withut any snw. (在最近的哥本哈根和斯德哥尔摩之行中，我注意到高大、健康的斯堪法尼亚人拄着杆子走在城市的街道上，就好像他们在进行没有雪的越野滑雪。)”以及第二段“It was a surprise t learn that the additin f the ples makes it a mre vigrus, full-bdy exercise than simply walking – and, as a 76-year-ld lking t stay healthy while enjying the utdrs, I decided t give it a try.(令人惊讶的是，杆的加入使它成为一种比简单步行更有力的全身运动——作为一个76岁的老人，我希望在享受户外活动的同时保持健康，我决定试一试。)”可知，观察斯堪法尼亚人拄着两根手杖行走激发了作者尝试这种新健身活动的灵感。故选B。
25．细节理解题。由文章第四段中“The nvel use f my arms and upper bdy was surprisingly demanding. (我的手臂和上半身的新颖运用要求很高。)”可知，在行走的最初阶段，作者面临的主要挑战是手臂与上身协调使用。故选B。
26．推理判断题。由文章第五段中“Still, I carried n because there’s n arguing with the exercise’s benefits.(尽管如此，我还是坚持了下来，因为这种锻炼的好处是毋庸置疑的。)”以及“It als helps peple with Parkinsn’s, says Burrill. “We put ples in their hands and it’s amazing because they start walking with real rhythm.” (伯里尔说，它还能帮助帕金森症患者。‘我们把杆子放在他们手中，这很神奇，因为他们开始有节奏地走路了。’)”可知，作者想通过提到帕金森氏症患者来展示这种运动的巨大好处。故选A。
27．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第二段中“It was a surprise t learn that the additin f the ples makes it a mre vigrus, full-bdy exercise than simply walking – and, as a 76-year-ld lking t stay healthy while enjying the utdrs, I decided t give it a try. (我很惊讶地发现，增加杆子比单纯的步行更有活力，更能锻炼全身——作为一个76岁的人，我希望在享受户外活动的同时保持健康，所以我决定试一试。)”可知，文章主要介绍了作者尝试新健身活动的经验。故选B。
Passage（5）
（2024·河北邢台·宁晋中学校考模拟预测）During my graduate studies, cuntless wrkshps taught me ne thing: T make it in science, ne must design and carry ut big prjects. As I established my wn research lab, a senir clleague encuraged me t try smething big. S when I landed an assciate prfessr psitin, my gal seemed bvius: I shuld perfrm big prjects. This was the nly way t lay a fundatin fr a successful academic research career. The path, hwever, wuld nt be as clear as I had pictured.
When I cntacted famus researchers t suggest cperating, as is typically required fr high-prfile prjects, they frequently replied enthusiastically t start, agreeing my prject sunded interesting and prmising. But when they learned I had just established my lab, they became skeptical and hesitant, ultimately saying n. And when I sught grant funding, my lack f experience and reputatin was cited as a reasn t deny supprt fr my ambitius prpsals.
I spent abut tw years being stuck in this mindset, excited abut my big ideas but making little actual prgress, leading t frustratin and depressin. As I neared my breaking pint, I began t ask myself: Were big prjects really the nly rute?
When I shifted t small prjects, I became brave enugh t step int fields I was nt familiar with. By reading papers in new areas, I fund creative ideas t pursue. When I discussed these adventurus, lw-cst prjects with early-career researchers, they were glad t cperate. We secured funding. When I published papers ut f these prjects, they were nt exciting enugh t make headlines— but fr me, it was a mment f jy and self-cntentment.
It has nw been 3 years since I embraced this “small” apprach. Smetimes senir clleagues say I’m wasting time with prjects that aren’t imprtant enugh. But I disagree. When I d these studies, I als find clues fr future big prjects. Ging frward, I will still cmmit part f my time t explring small prjects, which I think can help pursue mre fundamental questins.
24．What is the authr trying t d with big prjects?
A．Pursue his graduate studies.
B．Seek a rute t academic success.
C．Apply fr an assciate prfessrship.
D．Establish an academic research center.
25．What prevented the authr pursuing his big prject?
A．Lack f necessary supprt.B．The tughness f wrk
C．Shrtage f academic talents.D．The ppsitin frm clleagues.
26．Hw did the authr carry ut his small prject?
A．By publishing influential papers.
B．By getting yung clleagues’ funding.
C．By explring and initiating new ideas.
D．By cperating with senir clleagues.
27．What des the authr learn frm his experience?
A．Gd jbs require a high degree.
B．Ambitin isn’t fit fr the yung.
C．Success results frm preparatin.
D．Small desn’t mean unimprtant.
【答案】24．B 25．A 26．C 27．D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文文。讲述了作者本想通过大项目当作寻求学术成功的途径，但是由于缺乏经验和声誉没能成功。 后来作者转向小项目，找到了可以追求的创造性想法，逐步走向成功。 由此作者感悟到在创业过程中小项目不代表不重要，而且有助于解决更基本的问题。
24．细节理解题。文章第一段讲到“This was the nly way t lay a fundatin fr a successful academic research career. (这是为成功的学术研究生涯奠定基础的唯一途径。)”可知，作者想用大项目当作寻求学术成功的途径。故选B。
25．细节理解题。文章第二段讲到“But when they learned I had just established my lab, they became skeptical and hesitant, ultimately saying n. And when I sught grant funding, my lack f experience and reputatin was cited as a reasn t deny supprt fr my ambitius prpsals. (但当他们得知我刚刚建立了实验室时，他们开始怀疑和犹豫，最终拒绝了。当我寻求拨款时，我缺乏经验和声誉被认为是拒绝支持我雄心勃勃的提议的原因。)”可知，缺乏必要的支持阻止了作者追求他的大项目。故选A。
26．细节理解题。文章倒数第二段讲到“When I shifted t small prjects, I became brave enugh t step int fields I was nt familiar with. By reading papers in new areas, I fund creative ideas t pursue. (当我转向小项目时，我变得足够勇敢，踏入了我不熟悉的领域。通过阅读新领域的论文，我找到了可以追求的创造性想法。)”可知，作者通过探索和提出新的想法进行他的小项目的。故选C。
27．推理判断题。文章最后一段讲到“Ging frward, I will still cmmit part f my time t explring small prjects, which I think can help pursue mre fundamental questins (展望未来，我仍将把部分时间用于探索小项目，我认为这有助于解决更基本的问题)”可知，作者从他的经历中学到小不代表不重要。故选D。
Passage（6）
（2024·湖北黄冈·统考一模）Three years int my pstdc (博士后), I started t wnder whether I needed a new career plan. After applying fr mre than tw dzen teaching jbs, I hadn’t landed a single interview.
I had nce cnsidered ging t art schl but had put that idea t the side when I decided t pursue chemistry as an undergraduate. In the years that fllwed, I kept up my interest in art by taking painting classes at night. My family was bursting with mathematicians, cmputer prgrammers, and engineers, s it felt natural t have my daily life center arund science.
But in the spring after my failed jb search, that started t change after a friend excitedly shwed me prfs f a review article. She was astnished by what the jurnal’s scientific illustratr had dne with her fundamental sketches (速写). “That wuld be such a fun jb.” I thught.
I decided t test ut a new career directin by vlunteering t create similar illustratins fr my institute’s newsletters. I spent my nights and weekends reading scientific papers and thinking abut hw t illustrate the results. It was a fun task. I felt I was perhaps n the right path. But culd I make a full-time career wrk?
Searching nline, I tracked dwn peple wh had that kind f jb. I fund many had training thrugh scientific illustratin master’s degree prgrams. After living n graduate student and pstdctral salaries fr years, I didn’t have enugh mney saved up fr the prgrams, s I decided t get a certificate in digital design.
I nw wrk as a visual designer at a bimedical research institute where I spend my days wrking with research t cmmunicate their wrk visually. I lve the fact that I get t cmbine my scientific and artistic sides.
24．Why did the authr attend classes at night?
A．T please her family.B．T pursue her hbby.
C．T pass her undergraduate tests.D．T cmplete ptinal curses in art.
25．What effect did the prfs have n the authr?
A．They shk her belief in science.
B．They tested ut what she learned in class.
C．They mtivated her t find a new career directin.
D．They gave her inspiratin fr her scientific paper.
26．What prevented the authr seeking a scientific illustratin master’s degree?
A．Her financial difficulties.B．Her busy schedule.
C．Her new interest in digital design.D．Her lack f cnfidence.
27．Hw des the authr feel abut her current jb?
A．Pressured.B．Curius.C．Desperate.D．Satisfied.
【答案】24．B 25．C 26．A 27．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的职业之旅，受家庭的熏陶，作者接受了科学的训练，获得了博士后学位。同时也在追求科学的基础上实现了自己对于艺术的追求，找到了理想的职业。
24．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“In the years that fllwed, I kept up my interest in art by taking painting classes at night.(在接下来的几年里，我通过晚上上绘画课来保持对艺术的兴趣)”可知，作者上夜校是为了追求自己的业余爱好。故选B项。
25．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“But in the spring after my failed jb search, that started t change after a friend excitedly shwed me prfs f a review article. She was astnished by what the jurnal’s scientific illustratr had dne with her fundamental sketches. “That wuld be such a fun jb.” I thught.(但在我求职失败后的春天，一位朋友兴奋地给我看了一篇书评的校样后，情况开始改变。她对该杂志的科学插画家对她的基本草图所做的一切感到惊讶。“那将是一份非常有趣的工作。”我想)”可知，这些校样激励她寻找新的职业方向。故选C项。
26．细节理解题。根据文章第五段“I fund many had training thrugh scientific illustratin master’s degree prgrams. After living n graduate student and pstdctral salaries fr years, I didn’t have enugh mney saved up fr the prgrams, s I decided t get a certificate in digital design.(我发现很多人都是通过科学插图硕士学位课程接受培训的。多年来，我一直靠研究生和博士后的工资生活，但没有足够的钱用于这些项目，所以我决定获得数字设计证书)”可知，由于经济困难，作者无法攻读科学插图硕士学位。故选A项。
27．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“I lve the fact that I get t cmbine my scientific and artistic sides.(我喜欢这样一个事实，我可以把我的科学和艺术的一面结合起来)”可推知，作者对目前的工作很满意。故选D项。
Passage（7）
（2024·江苏·校联考二模）It’s 1:30 am in Kenya’s ppulated nrth, and 50 peple are lying n their backs n the shre f a dried-up river, staring up at the night sky. These stargazers have travelled 250 miles t Samburu t witness the Perseid meter shwer(英仙座流星雨). They are nt disappinted: Every few minutes, arrws f light sht acrss the sky like silent firewrks.
The Star Safari is rganised by a Kenyan astrnmer, Susan Murabana, wh has brught a 50 kg,170 cm-lng telescpe t allw the grup t view Mars and deep-sky bjects. But here in Samburu, where light pllutin is minimal, the Perseid meters—visible with the naked eye (裸眼)—steal the shw.
Every tw mnths, Murabana and her husband lad their telescpe n t the rf f their 4×4 and set ff t rural cmmunities, where they give up t 300 children a chance t view the planets and learn abut cnstellatins (星座) and the basics f astrphysics. They primarily targets schls in remte areas because f her missin t give girls an pprtunity that she wishes had been available t her.
“When I started this wrk, I didn’t see peple wh lked like me. I was a lne ranger and I wanted t change that.” says Murabana.
“There is a cmmn miscnceptin in Kenya that astrnmy in general is hard, bring, and nly fr bys,” she adds. “I’d like t teach yung girls that astrnmy is neither f these things and that they, t, can becme astrnmers,” says Murabana.
Murabana’s passin fr astrnmy began in her early 20s when her uncle invited her t jin a similar utreach sessin rganized by the Csms Educatin. “That was a gamechanger. If an utreach grup had cme t me when I was a yung teenager, my attitude twards a career in astrnmy wuld have been psitive. I ended up studying scilgy and ecnmics, but maybe I wuld have desired t be an astrnmer,” she says.
Inspired by the Csms Educatin, Murabana cmpleted an nline master’s degree in astrnmy with the James Ck University in 201l and set up her wn utreach prgramme. She lked t Dr Mae Jemisn, the first black wman in space, as a rle mdel. “I hpe that ne day, thrugh this wrk, I will spark a chain reactin that leads t the first African wman in space.”
24．What d the underlined wrds “steal the shw” in paragraph 2 mean?
A．Ruin the effrt.B．Face the challenge.
C．Attract mre attentin.D．Keep the prmise.
25．Why des Murabana target girl students in remte areas?
A．T help them ut f pverty.B．T inspire their lve f astrnmy.
C．T lk fr assistants fr her wrk.D．T give them an edge ver bys in studies.
26．What can we learn abut Murabana frm paragraph 6?
A．She enjyed playing games.
B．She lnged t be an astrnmer.
C．She is an initiatr f Csms Educatin.
D．She regretted nt taking astrnmy earlier.
27．What’s the passage mainly abut?
A．The birth f a Kenyan wman astrnmer.
B．The prejudice against girls in rural Kenyan.
C．The Kenyan astrnmer bringing astrnmy t the peple.
D．The Kenyan stargazers watching the Perseid meters shwer.
【答案】24．C 25．B 26．D 27．C
【导语】本篇是记叙文。文章主要讲述了肯尼亚天文学家Susan Murabana致力于普及天文知识的情况。
24．词义猜测题。根据前文“The Star Safari is rganised by a Kenyan astrnmer, Susan Murabana, wh has brught a 50 kg,170 cm-lng telescpe t allw the grup t view Mars and deep-sky bjects. But here in Samburu, where light pllutin is minimal, the Perseid meters—visible with the naked eye(裸眼) (星际旅行由肯尼亚天文学家Susan Murabana组织，她带来了一个50公斤，170厘米长的望远镜，让这个团队可以观察火星和深空天体。但是在这里的桑布鲁，光污染最小，英仙座流星——肉眼可见)”可知，以前是这架望远镜让大家观察天体，而这次因为污染少流星雨用裸眼可以看见从而抢了望远镜的风头，因此划线部分的意思是“吸引了更多注意力”。故选C。
25．细节理解题。根据第三段“They primarily targets schls in remte areas because f her missin t give girls an pprtunity that she wishes had been available t her. (他们主要针对偏远地区的学校，因为她的使命是给女孩们一个她希望能得到的机会。)”和第五段““There is a cmmn miscnceptin in Kenya that astrnmy in general is hard, bring, and nly fr bys,” she adds. “I’d like t teach yung girls that astrnmy is neither f these things and that they, t, can becme astrnmers,” says Murabana.(她补充说:“在肯尼亚有一种普遍的误解，认为天文学总体上是困难、无聊的，而且只适合男孩。”Murabana说:“我想告诉年轻女孩，天文学不是这两种东西，她们也可以成为天文学家。”)”可知，Murabana主要针对偏远地区的孩子尤其是女孩，为了激发她们对天文学的热爱。故选B。
26．推理判断题。根据第六段“If an utreach grup had cme t me when I was a yung teenager.my attitude twards a career in astrnmy wuld have been psitive. I ended up studying scilgy and ecnmics, but maybe I wuld have desired t be an astrnmer (如果在我十几岁的时候有一个外展小组来找我，我对天文学事业的态度会是积极的。我最终学习了社会学和经济学，但也许我想成为一名天文学家)”推知，Murabana后悔没有早点学天文学。故选D。
27．主旨大意题。通读全文，并结合第三段“Every tw mnths, Murabana and her husband lad their telescpe n t the rf f their4×4 and set ff t rural cmmunities, where they give up t 300 children a chance t view the planets and learn abut cnstellatins (星座) and the basics f astrphysics. (每两个月，Murabana和她的丈夫将他们的望远镜装在他们4×4的屋顶上，出发去农村社区，在那里他们给多达300个孩子一个观察行星和了解星座的机会(星座)和天体物理学的基础知识)”可知，本文主要介绍了致力于把天文学带给人民的肯尼亚天文学家Susan Murabana的故事。故选C。
Passage（8）
（2024·广东·统考二模）It was tw in the mrning, and a kala was caught n a fence. A phne rang in the hme f Ken, wh was a vlunteer devted t rescuing wild kalas in Queensland. When he arrived n the scene, Ken put n heavy glves. If kalas feel threatened, they bite. He then threw a blanket ver the animal fr mre prtectin frm being bitten. He then firmly grasped the kala thrugh the blanket, and drpped it in a cage.
Nrmally, if the kala is healthy, it is released where it is fund. Kalas tend t eat frm the same eucalyptus trees (桉树) ver and ver. But, the prblem was that there were n eucalyptus trees left fr this kala. Ken had t take it t a small park nearby. Fd is ne f the reasns why kalas are at risk.
Fr 15 years, Ken has als been wrking n ways t make suburban areas mre kala-friendly. He believes that kalas and humans can live tgether if certain changes are made. He recmmends reducing speed limits in streets, creating mre green areas fr kalas t live in. What’s even mre imprtant is the need t preserve eucalyptus trees.
Even if these changes are made, kalas still have anther prblem. “Disease is a huge issue,” explains Ken. He says that almst half f Queensland’s female kalas are affected by a strange disease. “Withut treatment, the kalas are unable t have babies. Kalas are becming extinct,” says Ken.
Later that day, Ken visited a frest near Queensland t catch Tea, a wild female kala. Ken had been fllwing Tea fr ver a year. Using special equipment, Ken walked and listened fr a signal frm the kala’s radi cllar. He eventually fund Tea sitting n a tree branch. Ken climbed up a ladder and caught Tea. After sme medical check-ups, Ken fund she had a baby. “As lng as there are healthy babies,” he said, “there’s still hpe.”
24．What did Ken use the blanket fr?
A．Catching the kala after it fell frm a fence.B．Cvering the kala s that it didn’t harm him.
C．Keeping the kala warm after it was caught.D．Helping the kala stay calm in the cage.
25．Why was the kala that Ken caught released in a nearby park?
A．The kala was in a gd physical cnditin.
B．Kalas were fed in the same trees again and again.
C．It was the nly place nearby that had eucalyptus trees.
D．That was where the kala prbably had its wn baby.
26．What did Ken want t d with Tea?
A．T see if she had a baby.B．T put a radi cllar n her.
C．T keep her in a cage.D．T give her medicine.
27．In which sectin f a newspaper may this passage appear?
A．Entertainment.B．Health.
C．Peple and Animals.D．Plitics.
【答案】24．B 25．C 26．D 27．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Ken救助考拉的故事。
24．细节理解题。根据第一段中“If kalas feel threatened, they bite. He then threw a blanket ver the animal fr mre prtectin frm being bitten. (如果考拉感到受到威胁，它们就会咬人。然后，他在考拉身上盖了一条毯子，以防被咬)”可知，Ken用毯子把考拉盖起来，这样考拉就不会伤害到他。故选B。
25．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Kalas tend t eat frm the same eucalyptus trees (桉树) ver and ver. But, the prblem was that there were n eucalyptus trees left fr this kala. Ken had t take it t a small park nearby. (考拉喜欢一遍又一遍地吃同一棵桉树上的东西。但是，问题是没有桉树留给这种考拉。Ken不得不把它带到附近的一个小公园)”可知，Ken捕获的考拉被放生在附近的公园里是因为那是附近唯一有桉树的地方。 故选C。
26．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中““Withut treatment, the kalas are unable t have babies. Kalas are becming extinct,” says Ken.(“如果不进行治疗，考拉就无法生育。考拉正在灭绝，”Ken说)”和最后一段中“Ken climbed up a ladder and caught Tea. After sme medical check-ups, Ken fund she had a baby.(Ken爬上梯子，抓住了Tea。经过一些医疗检查，Ken发现她有了一个孩子)”可推知，Ken想给Tea吃药治疗。故选D。
27．推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了Ken救助考拉的故事，这是人与动物的故事。由此推知，本文可能出现在报纸的人与动物专栏。故选C。
刷真题
Passage（1）
（2023年新高考II卷）Reading Art: Art fr Bk Lvers is a celebratin f an everyday bject — the bk, represented here in almst three hundred artwrks frm museums arund the wrld. The image f the reader appears thrughut histry, in art made lng befre bks as we nw knw them came int being. In artists’ representatins f bks and reading, we see mments f shared humanity that g beynd culture and time.
In this “bk f bks,” artwrks are selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes these cnnectins between different eras and cultures. We see scenes f children learning t read at hme r at schl, with the bk as a fcus fr relatins between the generatins. Adults are prtrayed (描绘) alne in many settings and pses —absrbed in a vlume, deep in thught r lst in a mment f leisure. These scenes may have been painted hundreds f years ag, but they recrd mments we can all relate t.
Bks themselves may be used symblically in paintings t demnstrate the intellect (才智), wealth r faith f the subject. Befre the wide use f the printing press, bks were treasured bjects and culd be wrks f art in their wn right. Mre recently, as bks have becme inexpensive r even thrwaway, artists have used them as the raw material fr artwrks — transfrming cvers, pages r even cmplete vlumes int paintings and sculptures.
Cntinued develpments in cmmunicatin technlgies were nce believed t make the printed page utdated. Frm a 21st-century pint f view, the printed bk is certainly ancient, but it remains as interactive as any battery-pwered e-reader. T serve its functin, a bk must be activated by a user: the cver pened, the pages parted, the cntents reviewed, perhaps ntes written dwn r wrds underlined. And in cntrast t ur increasingly netwrked lives where the infrmatin we cnsume is mnitred and tracked, a printed bk still ffers the chance f a whlly private, “ff-line” activity.
24．Where is the text mst prbably taken frm?
A．An intrductin t a bk.B．An essay n the art f writing.
C．A guidebk t a museum.D．A review f mdern paintings.
25．What are the selected artwrks abut?
A．Wealth and intellect.B．Hme and schl.
C．Bks and reading.D．Wrk and leisure.
26．What d the underlined wrds “relate t” in paragraph 2 mean?
A．Understand.B．Paint.
C．Seize.D．Transfrm.
27．What des the authr want t say by mentining the e-reader?
A．The printed bk is nt ttally ut f date.
B．Technlgy has changed the way we read.
C．Our lives in the 21st century are netwrked.
D．Peple nw rarely have the patience t read.
【答案】24．A 25．C 26．A 27．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章是对一本书的介绍，主要介绍了印刷书籍和阅读对人类的重要意义。
24．推理判断题。In this “bk f bks,” artwrks are selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes these cnnectins between different eras and cultures. (在这本“书之书”中，艺术品的选择和排列方式强调了不同时代和文化之间的联系)”以及第三段“Bks themselves may be used symblically in paintings t demnstrate the intellect, wealth r faith f the subject. (书籍本身可以在绘画中象征性地用来展示智慧，主体的财富或信仰)”和最后一段“Frm a 21st-century pint f view, the printed bk is certainly ancient, but it remains as interactive as any battery-pwered e-reader. (从21世纪的角度来看，这本印刷书无疑是古老的，但它仍然像任何电池供电的电子阅读器一样具有互动性)”可推知，本文最有可能出自一本印刷书的扉页，即对该书的介绍。故选A。
25．细节理解题。通过文章第二段“artwrks are selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes these cnnectins between different eras and cultures. We see scenes f children learning t read at hme r at schl, with the bk as a fcus fr relatins between the generatins. (艺术品的选择和排列方式强调了不同时代和文化之间的联系。我们看到孩子们在家里或学校学习阅读的场景，这本书是几代人之间关系的焦点)”可知，选定的艺术品是关于书籍和阅读的。故选C。
26．词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“artwrks are selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes these cnnectins between different eras and cultures. We see scenes f children learning t read at hme r at schl, with the bk as a fcus fr relatins between the generatins. (艺术品的选择和排列方式强调了不同时代和文化之间的联系。我们看到孩子们在家里或学校学习阅读的场景，这本书是几代人之间关系的焦点)”以及“These scenes may have been painted hundreds f years ag, but they recrd mments (这些场景可能是数百年前绘制的，但它们记录了一些时刻)”可推知，此处指书籍是人类之间相互联系和理解的纽带，故与画线短语“relate t”意思最相近的为A项“理解、认识到”。故选A。
27．推理判断题。通过文章最后一段“it remains as interactive as any battery-pwered e-reader (它仍然像任何电池供电的电子阅读器一样具有互动性)”以及“printed bk still ffers the chance f a whlly private, “ff-line” activity (印刷书籍仍然提供了完全私人的“离线”活动的机会)”可推知，本文作者提到电子阅读器想表达的是印刷书籍并没有完全过时。故选A。
Passage（2）
（2022年新高考II卷）We jurnalists live in a new age f strytelling, with many new multimedia tls. Many yung peple dn’t even realize it’s new. Fr them, it’s just nrmal.
This hit hme fr me as I was sitting with my 2-year-ld grandsn n a sfa ver the Spring Festival hliday. I had brught a children’s bk t read. It had simple wrds and clrful pictures — a perfect match fr his age.
Picture this: my grandsn sitting n my lap as I hld the bk in frnt s he can see the pictures. As I read, he reaches ut and pkes (戳) the page with his finger.
What’s up with that? He just likes the pictures, I thught. Then I turned the page and cntinued. He pked the page even harder. I nearly drpped the bk. I was cnfused: Is there smething wrng with this kid?
Then I realized what was happening. He was actually a stranger t bks. His father frequently amused the by with a tablet cmputer which was laded with clrful pictures that cme alive when yu pke them. He thught my strybk was like that.
Srry, kid. This bk is nt part f yur high-tech wrld. It’s an utdated, lifeless thing. An antique, like yur grandfather. Well, I may be ld, but I’m nt hpelessly challenged, digitally speaking. I edit vide and prduce audi. I use mbile payment. I’ve even built websites.
There’s ne ntable gap in my new-media experience, hwever: I’ve spent little time in frnt f a camera, since I have a face made fr radi. But that didn’t stp China Daily frm asking me last week t share a persnal stry fr a vide prject abut the integratin f Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei prvince.
Anyway, grandpa is nw an internet star — tw minutes f fame! I prmise nt t let it g t my head. But I will make sure my 2-year-ld grandsn sees it n his tablet.
24．What d the underlined wrds “hit hme fr me” mean in paragraph 2?
A．Prvided shelter fr me.B．Became very clear t me.
C．Tk the pressure ff me.D．Wrked quite well n me.
25．Why did the kid pke the strybk?
A．He tk it fr a tablet cmputer.B．He disliked the clrful pictures.
C．He was angry with his grandpa.D．He wanted t read it by himself.
26．What des the authr think f himself?
A．Scially ambitius.B．Physically attractive.
C．Financially independent.D．Digitally cmpetent.
27．What can we learn abut the authr as a jurnalist?
A．He lacks experience in his jb.B．He seldm appears n televisin.
C．He manages a vide department.D．He ften interviews internet stars.
【答案】24.B 25．A 26．D 27．B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者曾经是一名记者，在春节期间，作者给孙子拿了一本儿童读物，孙子却以为是平板电脑，不停地戳书。
24．词句猜测题。根据第一段“We jurnalists live in a new age f strytelling, with many new multimedia tls. Many yung peple dn’t even realize it’s new. Fr them, it’s just nrmal.”以及画线词后文“as I was sitting with my 2-year-ld grandsn n a sfa ver the Spring Festival hliday.”可知，作者是记者，生活在一个讲故事的新时代，有许多新的多媒体工具。许多年轻人甚至没有意识到它是新的。对他们来说，这很正常。而这在春节假期，作者和两岁的孙子坐在沙发上，尤其清楚认识到了这一点。故画线词意思是“我很清楚”。故选B。
25．细节理解题。根据第五段中“He was actually a stranger t bks. His father frequently amused the by with a tablet cmputer which was laded with clrful pictures that cme alive when yu pke them. He thught my strybk was like that.(事实上，他对书本并不熟悉。他的父亲经常用一台装有彩色图片的平板电脑逗他开心，当你戳它们的时候，这些图片就会变得栩栩如生。他认为我的故事书就是那样的)”可知，那孩子戳故事书是因为他把它当成了平板电脑。故选A。
26．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中“Well, I may be ld, but I’m nt hpelessly challenged, digitally speaking. I edit vide and prduce audi. I use mbile payment. I’ve even built websites. (我可能老了，但从数字角度来说，我还没有毫无希望的挑战。我编辑视频，制作音频。我用移动支付。我甚至建立了网站)”可知，作者认为自己懂数码技术。故选D。
27．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“There’s ne ntable gap in my new-media experience, hwever: I’ve spent little time in frnt f a camera, since I have a face made fr radi.(然而，在我的新媒体体验中有一个明显的差距：我很少在镜头前呆着，因为我的脸是为电台而生的)”可知，作者作为记者他很少上电视。故选B。
Passage（3）
（2021年新高考I卷）By day, Rbert Tittertn is a lawyer. In his spare time thugh he ges n stage beside pianist Maria Rasppva — nt as a musician but as her page turner. “I’m nt a trained musician, but I’ve learnt t read music s I can help Maria in her perfrmance.”
Mr Tittertn is chairman f the Omega Ensemble but has been the grup’s fficial page turner fr the past fur years. His jb is t sit beside the pianist and turn the pages f the scre s the musician desn’t have t break the flw f sund by ding it themselves. He said he became just as nervus as thse playing instruments n stage.
“A lt f skills are needed fr the jb. Yu have t make sure yu dn’t turn tw pages at nce and make sure yu find the repeats in the music when yu have t g back t the right spt.” Mr Tittertn explained.
Being a page turner requires plenty f practice. Sme pieces f music can g fr 40 minutes and require up t 50 page turns, including back turns fr repeat passages. Silent nstage cmmunicatin is key, and each pianist has their wn style f “ndding” t indicate a page turn which they need t practise with their page turner.
But like all perfrmances, there are mments when things g wrng. “I was turning the page t get ready fr the next page, but the draft wind frm the turn caused the spare pages t fall ff the stand,” Mr Tittertn said, “Luckily I was able t catch them and put them back.”
Mst page turners are pian students r up-and-cming cncert pianists, althugh Ms Rasppva has nce asked her husband t help her ut n stage.
“My husband is the wrst page turner,” she laughed. “He’s interested in the music, feeling every nte, and I have t say: ‘Turn, turn!’ Rbert is the best page turner I’ve had in my entire life.”
24．What shuld Tittertn be able t d t be a page turner?
A．Read music.B．Play the pian.
C．Sing sngs.D．Fix the instruments.
25．Which f the fllwing best describes Tittertn’s jb n stage?
A．Bring.B．Well-paid.
C．Demanding.D．Dangerus.
26．What des Tittertn need t practise?
A．Cunting the pages.B．Recgnizing the “ndding”.
C．Catching falling bjects.D．Perfrming in his wn style.
27．Why is Ms Rasppva’s husband “the wrst page turner”?
A．He has very pr eyesight.B．He ignres the audience.
C．He has n interest in music.D．He frgets t d his jb.
【答案】24．A 25．C 26．B 27．D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了为钢琴演奏者做翻页工作的Rbert Tittertn和他的工作情况。
24．细节理解题。根据第一段“I’m nt a trained musician, but I’ve learnt t read music s I can help Maria in her perfrmance.(我不是受过训练的音乐家，但我学会了识谱，这样我就可以在Maria的表演中帮助她)”可知，因为Tittertn识谱，所以可以在Maria的钢琴表演中为她翻页。故选A项。
25．推理判断题。根据第三段“A lt f skills are needed fr the jb. Yu have t make sure yu dn’t turn tw pages at nce and make sure yu find the repeats in the music when yu have t g back t the right spt.(这项工作需要很多技能。你必须确保你不会一次翻两页并且必要的时候确保你回到前面找到音乐重复的部分)”可知，为钢琴家翻页这项工作很需要技巧，所以Tittertn的工作要求是很高的。故选C项。
26．细节理解题。根据第四段“Silent nstage cmmunicatin is key, and each pianist has their wn style f “ndding” t indicate a page turn which they need t practise with their page turner.(无声的舞台交流是关键，每个钢琴家都有自己的“点头”风格来表示翻页，他们需要和翻页者进行练习)”可知，Tittertn需要练习识别钢琴演奏者的“点头”示意来翻页。故选B项。
27．细节理解题。根据最后一段“He’s interested in the music, feeling every nte, and I have t say: ‘Turn, turn!’(他对音乐很感兴趣，感受着每一个音符，所以我不得不说：“翻页，翻页！”)”可知，Ms Rasppva的丈夫因为对音乐感兴趣，所以帮她翻页的时候总是沉浸在音乐中而忘掉自己的工作，她不得不去提醒。故选D项。
Passage（4）
（2021年新高考II卷）I have wrked as a keeper at the Natinal Z, Paris fr 11 years. Spt and Stripe are the first tiger cubs that have ever been brn here. Glbally, a third f Sumatran cubs in zs dn't make it t adulthd, s I decided t give them rund-the-clck care at hme.
I've gt tw children—the yunger ne, Kynan, was extremely happy abut the tigers arriving - but all f us really lked frward t being part f their lives and watching them grw. I wasn't wrried abut bringing them int my hme with my wife and kids. These were cubs. They weighed abut 2.5 kg and were s small that there was abslutely n risk.
As they grew mre mbile, we let them mve freely arund the huse during the day, but when we were asleep we had t cntain them in a large rm, therwise they'd get up t mischief. We'd cme dwn in the mrning t find they'd turned the rm upside dwn, and left it lking like a z.
Things quickly gt very intense due t the huge amunt f energy required t lk after them. There were sme tugh times and I just felt extremely tired. I was grateful that my family was there t help. We had t have a bit f a prductin line ging, making up “tiger milk”, washing baby bttles, and cleaning the flrs.
When Spt and Stripe were fur mnths ld, they were learning hw t pen drs and jump fences, and we knew it really was time fr them t g. It was hard fr us t finally part with them. Fr the first few days, Kynan was always a bit disappinted that the cubs weren't there.
I'm nt sad abut it. I'm hands-n with them every day at the z, and I d lk back very fndly n the time that we had them.
24．Why did the authr bring the tiger cubs hme?
A．T ensure their survival.B．T bserve their differences.
C．T teach them life skills.D．T let them play with his kids.
25．What d the underlined wrds “get up t mischief” mean in paragraph 3?
A．Behave badly.B．Lse their way.C．Sleep sundly.D．Miss their mm.
26．What did the authr think f raising the tiger cubs at hme?
A．Bring.B．Tiring.C．Cstly.D．Risky.
27．Why did the authr decide t send Spt and Stripe back t the z?
A．They frightened the children.B．They became difficult t cntain.
C．They annyed the neighburs.D．They started fighting each ther.
【答案】24．A 25．A 26．B 27．B
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者为了保证两只老虎幼崽的存活，决定在家里全天候照顾它们。介绍了老虎在作者家生活的情况以及作者照顾老虎的感受。
24．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Glbally, a third f Sumatran cubs in zs dn't make it t adulthd, s I decided t give them rund-the-clck care at hme. (在全球范围内，动物园里三分之一的苏门答腊老虎幼崽活不到成年，所以我决定在家里全天候照顾它们)”可知，作者把老虎幼崽带回家是为了确保他们的存活。故选A。
25．词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“As they grew mre mbile, we let them mve freely arund the huse during the day, but when we were asleep we had t cntain them in a large rm, therwise they'd ”（随着它们的活动越来越多，我们白天让它们在房子里自由活动，但当我们睡觉时，我们必须把它们关在一个大房间里，否则它们会）以及后文“We'd cme dwn in the mrning t find they'd turned the rm upside dwn, and left it lking like a z.”（我们早上下楼时发现他们把房间弄得乱七八糟，让它看起来像个动物园。）可知，作者不得不把老虎们关在一个大房间里，否则它们就会调皮捣蛋，表现不好。早上下楼时发现他们把房间弄得乱七八糟，看起来像个动物园。故画线词意思是“表现不好”。故选A。
26．推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中“Things quickly gt very intense due t the huge amunt f energy required t lk after them. There were sme tugh times and I just felt extremely tired.(由于需要大量的精力来照顾它们，事情很快变得非常紧张。有一段艰难的日子，我只是觉得非常累)”可推知，作者认为在家里养小老虎累人。故选B。
27．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“When Spt and Stripe were fur mnths ld, they were learning hw t pen drs and jump fences, and we knew it really was time fr them t g.(当Spt和Stripe四个月大的时候，他们正在学习如何开门和跳栅栏，我们知道是时候让他们离开了)”可知，作者决定把Spt 和Stripe送回动物园是因为他们变得难以控制。故选B。
Passage（5）
（2020年新高考II卷）In the mid-1990s, Tm Bissell taught English as a vlunteer in Uzbekistan. He left after seven mnths, physically brken and having lst his mind. A few years later, still attracted t the cuntry, he returned t Uzbekistan t write an article abut the disappearance f the Aral Sea.
His visit, hwever, ended up invlving a lt mre than that. Hence this bk, Chasing the Sea: Lst Amng the Ghsts f Empire in Central Asia, which talks abut a rad trip frm Tashkent t Karakalpakstan, where millins f lives have been destryed by the slw drying up f the sea. It is the stry f an American travelling t a strange land, and f the peple he meets n his way: Rustam, his translatr, a lvely 24-year-ld wh picked up his clrful English in Califrnia, Oleg and Natasha, his hsts in Tashkent, and a string f freign aid wrkers.
This is a quick lk at life in Uzbekistan, made f friendliness and warmth, but als its darker side f sciety. In Samarkand, Mr Bissell admires the architectural wnders, while n his way t Bukhara he gets a taste f plice methds when suspected f drug dealing. In Ferghana, he attends a muntain funeral(葬礼)fllwed by a strange drinking party. And in Karakalpakstan, he is saddened by the dust strms, diseases and fishing bats stuck miles frm the sea.
Mr Bissell skillfully rganizes histrical insights and cultural references, making his tale a well-runded picture f Uzbekistan, seen frm Western eyes. His judgment and references are decidedly American, as well as his delicate stmach. As the authr explains, this is neither a travel nr a histry bk, r even a piece f reprtage. Whatever it is, the result is a fine and vivid descriptin f the purest f Central Asian traditins.
24．What made Mr Bissell return t Uzbekistan?
A．His friends' invitatin.B．His interest in the cuntry.
C．His lve fr teaching.D．His desire t regain health.
25．What des the underlined wrd “that” in paragraph 2 refer t?
A．Develping a serius mental disease.
B．Taking a guided tur in Central Asia.
C．Wrking as a vlunteer in Uzbekistan.
D．Writing an article abut the Aral Sea.
26．Which f the fllwing best describes Mr Bissell's rad trip in Uzbekistan?
A．Rmantic.B．Eventful.C．Pleasant.D．Dangerus.
27．What is the purpse f this text?
A．T intrduce a bk.B．T explain a cultural phenmenn.
C．T remember a writer.D．T recmmend a travel destinatin.
【答案】24．B 25．D 26．B 27．A
【分析】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了Bissell写的《追逐大海:迷失在中亚帝国的幽灵》这本书。这本书是Bissell在乌兹别克斯坦做志愿者后写的，是对乌兹别克斯坦人生活的一个快速观察。
24．细节理解题。根据第一段的”A few years later, still attracted t the cuntry. he returned t Uzbekistan t write an article abut the disappearance f the Ara Sea”可知，几年后，Bissell仍然被这个国家所吸引。他回到乌兹别克斯坦写了一篇关于咸海消失的文章。因此推断出对这个国家的兴趣让Bissell先生再次返回乌兹别克斯坦。故选B。
25．词句猜测题。划线句是第二段首句，that用来指代上文提的事情，因此推断that指代写了一篇关于咸海消失的文章这件事，根据第一段最后一句”A few years later, still attracted t the cuntry, he returned t Uzbekistan t write an article abut the disappearance f the Aral Sea(几年后，仍然被这个国家所吸引。他回到乌兹别克斯坦写了一篇关于咸海消失的文章)”可知，that指代写了一篇关于死海消失的文章这件事，故选D。
26．推理判断题。根据第三段”This is a quick lk at life in Uzbekistan, made f friendliness and warmth, but als its darker side f sciety. In Samarkand, Mr Bissell admires the architectural wnders, while n his way t Bukhara he gets a taste f plice methds when suspected f drug dealing. In Ferghana, he attends a muntain funeral(葬礼)fllwed by a strange drinking party. And in Karakalpakstan, he is saddened by the dust strms, diseases and fishing bats stuck miles frm the sea.”可知，在乌兹别克斯坦的旅途中，Mr Bissell既体会到了友善和温暖，也看到了社会的黑暗面。在撒马尔罕，Mr Bissell欣赏到了的建筑奇观。在前往布哈拉的路上，他因为被怀疑进行毒品交易，他尝到了警察的伎俩。在费尔干纳，他参加了一个山区葬礼，然后参加了一个奇怪的酒会。在卡拉卡尔帕克斯坦，他为沙尘暴、疾病和被困在数英里外的渔船而难过。由此可知，在旅途中，他经历了很多事情。结合选项，B选项(充满事件的，多事的)可以表达此意。故选B。
27．推理判断题。文章第一段提到书的作者的乌兹别克斯坦之行，引出他写的书，接下来三段讲述了他的书《追逐大海:迷失在中亚帝国的幽灵》的故事内容，是乌兹别克斯坦生活的一个快速观察。因此推断本文的写作目的是介绍一本书。故选A。
1.关注细节
记叙文中有大量的事件发展过程中的细节，包括记叙文的5W（what, wh, when, where, why）要素。因此我们作答细节题的时候，就没有那么复杂，一般只需要由前到后，从上到下，一题一题地做就可以了。
2.注重联系
在做题过程中，我们大都不能在文中找到与题干一字不差的词语或句子。这时我们需要认真研究问题，抓住题干中的关键词语，然后到文中准确地找到与之相关的语句，或是疑似语句的位置，接着去左顾，或右盼，在前句或后句寻找线索。
3.读懂表象
如前所述，主旨大意题或推理判断、作者意图题等实际上是同一类型的问题，或者说是可用同种方法解答的题型。在解答此类题目的时候，不可被题干的表象所迷惑，要像剥洋葱一样，一层一层地剥；在四个可选项中，一个一个地去证实，去排除。
4.挖掘意义
每年的高考阅读题中，特别是记叙文的阅读题，都会出现一至两道词义猜测题。而这些词汇往往是你素昧平生的，或者和你有点头之交，在文中却另有新意的，总之，猜的是那些在高考词汇表要求之外的词汇。小小的一个词，一个短语，考核的不是你的语法的熟练程度，也不是你的记忆力，而是你对文章通篇或者一个段落的整体把握和变通能力。