2024年1月“九省联考”英语真题完全解读与考后提升专题05阅读理解C篇试卷（Word版附解析）

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变式方向：词形转换;高考考点;熟词新意;态度推断题技巧;人际关系话题
阅读理解关键词：说明文,人与社会,争论的意义,人际关系,人际沟通,和谐相处,社会热点
In his 1936 wrk Hw t Win Friends and Influence Peple, Dale Carnegie wrte: “I have cme t the cnclusin that there is nly ne way t get the best f an argument — and that is t avid it.” This distaste fr arguments is cmmn, but it depends n a mistaken view f arguments that causes prblems fr ur persnal and scial lives — and in many ways misses the pint f arguing in the first place.
Carnegie wuld be right if arguments were fights, which is hw we ften think f them. Like physical fights, verbal (言语的) fights can leave bth sides bldied. Even when yu win, yu end up n better ff. Yu wuld be feeling almst as bad if arguments were even just cmpetitins — like, say, tennis turnaments. Pairs f ppnents hit the ball back and frth until ne winner cmes ut frm all wh entered. Everybdy else lses. This kind f thinking explains why s many peple try t avid arguments.
Hwever, there are ways t win an argument every time. When yu state yur psitin, frmulate (阐述) an argument fr what yu claim and hnestly ask yurself whether yur argument is any gd. When yu talk with smene wh takes a stand, ask them t give yu a reasn fr their view and spell ut their argument fully. Assess its strength and weakness. Raise bjectins (异议) and listen carefully t their replies. This methd will require effrt, but practice will make yu better at it.
These tls can help yu win every argument — nt in the unhelpful sense f beating yur ppnents but in the better sense f learning abut what divides peple, learning why they disagree with us and learning t talk and wrk tgether with them. If we readjust ur view f arguments — frm a verbal fight r tennis game t a reasned exchange thrugh which we all gain respect and understanding frm each ther — then we change the very nature f what it means t “win” an argument.
28. What is the authr’s attitude tward Carnegie’s understanding f argument?
A. Critical.B. Supprtive. C. Tlerant.D. Uncertain.
29. Why d many peple try t avid arguments?
A. They lack debating skills.B. They may feel bad even if they win.
C. They fear being ignred.D. They are nt cnfident in themselves.
30. What des the underlined phrase “spell ut” in paragraph 3 prbably mean?
A. Defend.B. Explain.C. Cnclude.D. Repeat.
31. What is the key t “winning” an argument accrding t the authr?
A. Sense f lgic.B. Slid supprting evidence.
C. Prper manners.D. Understanding frm bth sides.
答案解析
【答案】28. A 29. B 30. B 31. D
【导语】这是一篇说明文（偏议论性质），作者阐述了争论的意义和赢得争论的方法。
28.推理判断题。根据第一段中“This distaste fr arguments is cmmn, but it depends n a mistaken view f arguments that causes prblems fr ur persnal and scial lives — and in many ways misses the pint f arguing in the first place.(这种对争论的厌恶是很普遍的，但它取决于对争论的错误看法，这种观点会给我们的个人和社会生活带来问题——而且在很多方面，它首先忽略了争论的意义)”可知，作者对于Carnegie对争论的看法持批判态度，故选A。
29.细节理解题。根据第二段中“Like physical fights, verbal (言语的) fights can leave bth sides bldied. Even when yu win, yu end up n better ff. Yu wuld be feeling almst as bad if arguments were even just cmpetitins — like, say, tennis turnaments.(和身体上的打斗一样，言语上的打斗也会让双方流血。即使你赢了，你最终也不会变得更好。如果争论只是一场比赛，比如网球比赛，你也会感觉很糟糕)”可知，很多人尽量避免争论，是因为即使赢了他们也感觉很糟糕，故选B。
30.词句猜测题。根据划线短语所在句“ask them t give yu a reasn fr their view”可知，让他们为自己的观点提供依据，即让他们充分阐明他们的观点，spell ut意为“解释明白，讲清楚”，故选B。
31.细节理解题。根据最后一段中“If we readjust ur view f arguments — frm a verbal fight r tennis game t a reasned exchange thrugh which we all gain respect and understanding frm each ther — then we change the very nature f what it means t “win” an argument.(如果我们重新调整我们对争论的看法——从一场口水战或网球比赛转变为一种理性的交流，通过这种交流，我们都能获得彼此的尊重和理解——那么我们就改变了‘赢得’争论的本质)”可知，作者认为“赢得”争论的关键是通过交流获得彼此的尊重和理解，故选D。
核心词汇背诵
一、纲内词汇（酌情删减）
1. cnclusin n. 结论
2. argument n. 争论
3. distaste n. 不喜欢；反感
4. mistaken a. 错误；不正确
5. scial a. 社会的；社交的
6. physical a. 身体的；物理的
7. bldied a. 血染的；有血的
8. cmpetitin n.竞赛；竞争
9. say vt. 说话；比方说
10. turnament n. 锦标赛
11. ppnent n.对手
12. psitin n.位置；姿势；立场
13. claim vt. 声称；认领；夺取生命
14. hnestly ad.诚实地
15. stand n. 立场；观点
16. fully ad. 充分地
17. assess vt. 评估
18. strength n.力量；优势
19. weakness n. 弱点
20. divide vt. 分割
21. disagree vi. 不同意
22. readjust vt. 重新调整
23. verbal a. 文字的；言语的
24. critical a.批判的；关键的；严重的
25. supprtive a. 支持的
26. tlerant a. 宽容的
27. uncertain a. 无把握的
28. lack vt. 缺乏
29. ignre vt. 不理睬；忽视
30. cnclude vt. 推断出；结束
31. slid a. 坚硬的；结实的
32. evidence n. 证据，证词
33. prper a. 合适的
二、高频词块（酌情删减）
1. cme t the cnclusin得出结论
2. get the best f占上风，战胜
3. depend n依赖于
4. miss the pint抓不着要点
5. end up最后落得
6. be well ff经济富裕
7. back and frth来来回回地
8. spell ut详加说明
9. disagree with sb不同意某人（的观点）
10. ne’s attitude twards …对……态度
11. be cnfident in…对……有信心
二、高频词块（酌情删减）
1.in the wild在野外
2.feed n以……为食物
3.play a functin in在…中起作用
4.watch ut fr小心提防
5.react t对……作出反应
6.take flight逃跑；起飞
7.be reactive t对…有反应
8.be subject t sth受支配；常遭受…
9.expse…t…暴露于
10.at a yung age在年轻时
11.avind ding避免做某事
12.call fr要求，需要考点变式训练
一、词类转换（酌情删减）
1.cnclude vt. 推断→cnclusin n. 结论
2. mistake n. 错误 →mistaken a. 错误；不正确
3. cmpete vi.竞赛；竞争→cmpetitin n.竞赛；竞争→cmpetitr n.对手
4. full a. 圆满的→fully ad. 充分地
5. strng a.力量；优势→strength n.力量；优势
6. supprtive vt.支持→supprtive a.支持的
7. tlerate vt. 容忍→tlerant a.容的
8. evident n. 明显的→evidence n.证据，证词
二、纲内词汇翻译（酌情删减）
1. cnclusin n. 结论
2. argument n. 争论
3. distaste n. 不喜欢；反感
4. mistaken a. 错误；不正确
5. scial a. 社会的；社交的
6. physical a. 身体的；物理的
7. bldied a. 血染的；有血的
8. cmpetitin n.竞赛；竞争
9. say vt. 说话；比方说
10. turnament n. 锦标赛
11. ppnent n.对手
12. psitin n.位置；姿势；立场
13. claim vt. 声称；认领；夺取生命
14. hnestly ad.诚实地
15. stand n. 立场；观点
16. fully ad. 充分地
17. assess vt. 评估
18. strength n.力量；优势
19. weakness n. 弱点
20. divide vt. 分割
21. disagree vi. 不同意
22. readjust vt. 重新调整
23. verbal a. 文字的；言语的
24. critical a.批判的；关键的；严重的
25. supprtive a. 支持的
26. tlerant a. 宽容的
27. uncertain a. 无把握的
28. lack vt. 缺乏
29. ignre vt. 不理睬；忽视
30. cnclude vt. 推断出；结束
31. slid a. 坚硬的；结实的
32. evidence n. 证据，证词
33. prper a. 合适的
三、高频词块翻译（酌情删减）
1. cme t the cnclusin得出结论
2. get the best f占上风，战胜
3. depend n依赖于
4. miss the pint抓不着要点
5. end up最后落得
6. be well ff经济富裕
7. back and frth来来回回地
8. spell ut详加说明
9. disagree with sb不同意某人（的观点）
10. ne’s attitude twards …对……态度
11. be cnfident in…对……有信心
四、单句填空（核心考点习题化）
1. In his 1936 wrk, Dale Carnegie wrte: “I have cme t the ____________(cnclude) that there is nly ne way ____________(get) the best f an argument — and that is t avid it.”
2. This distaste fr arguments is cmmn, but it depends n a ____________(mistake) view f arguments that ____________(cause) prblems fr ur persnal and scial lives.
3. Carnegie wuld be right if arguments were fights, ____________ is hw we ften think f them.
4. Like physical fights, verbal (言语的) fights can leave bth sides____________(bldy) .
5. Even when yu win, yu end up n ____________(well) ff.
6. Yu wuld be feeling almst as bad if arguments were even just ____________(cmpetitin) — like, say, tennis turnaments.
7. Pairs f ppnents hit the ball back and frth ____________ ne winner cmes ut frm all wh entered. Everybdy else lses.
8. This kind f thinking explains ____________ s many peple try t avid arguments.
9. Hwever, there are ways t win an ____________(argue) every time.
10. When yu state yur psitin, frmulate (阐述) an argument fr what yu claim and ____________(hnest) ask yurself whether yur argument is any gd.
11. When yu talk with smene wh takes a stand, ask them t give yu a reasn fr their view and spell ut their argument ____________(full).
12. Assess its ____________(strng) and weakness. Raise bjectins (异议) and listen carefully t their replies.
13. This methd will require effrt, ____________ practice will make yu better at it.
【参考答案】
1. cnclusin, t get 2. mistaken, causes 3. which 4. bldied 5. better 6. cmpetitins 7. until 8 why.9. argument 10. hnestly 11. fully 12. strength 13. but
五、熟词新意(defend用法)
1. Scientists are claiming a majr breakthrugh in the fight against cancer.
2. A lt f lst prperty is never claimed.
3. The car crash claimed three lives.
4. She was t weak t stand.
5. I std the little girl n a chair s that she culd see.
6. The castle stands n the site f an ancient battlefield.
7. The twer stands 30 metres high.
8. She culdn't stand being kept waiting.
9. Mdern plastics can stand very high and very lw temperatures.
10. He was criticized fr his tugh stand n immigratin.
11. They set up a stand t sell cked sausages.
【参考答案】
1. vt. 宣称；声称2. vt. 索取；认领3. vt. 夺走，夺去（生命）4. vi.站立5. vt. 使直立；竖放 6. vi. 位于（某处） 7. vi. 高度为；高达 8. vt.（尤用于否定句和疑问句）容忍，忍受 9. vt. （尤与can或culd连用）经受，承受，经得起 10. n态度；立场；观点 11. n. 摊位
六、长难句分析（括号法+标记法）
1. This distaste fr arguments is cmmn, but it depends n a mistaken view f arguments [that causes prblems fr ur persnal and scial lives — and in many ways misses the pint f arguing in the first place].
【翻译】这种对争论的厌恶是常见的，但它取决于对争论的错误看法，这会给我们的个人和社会生活带来问题，而且在很多方面都没有抓住争论的重点。
【分析】that causes prblems…引导定语从句，修饰先行词arguments；定语从句由and连接两个并列的谓语动词；主句部分是but连接的并列句。
2. These tls can help yu win every argument [— nt in the unhelpful sense f beating yur ppnents but in the better sense f learning abut what divides peple, learning why they disagree with us and learning t talk and wrk tgether with them].
【翻译】这些工具可以帮助你赢得每一场争论——不是从击败对手的无益意义上，而是从更好的意义上了解人们的分歧，了解他们为什么不同意我们的观点，并学会与他们交谈和合作。
【分析】These tls can help yu win every argument是一个“主谓宾”结构的简单句；后边破折号部分期解释说明作用，nt…but….连接两个介词短语；but之后由三个learning, learn…and learning…是平行结构。
3. If we readjust ur view f arguments [— frm a verbal fight r tennis game t a reasned exchange thrugh which we all gain respect and understanding frm each ther —] then we change the very nature f what it means t “win” an argument.
【翻译】如果我们重新调整我们对争论的看法——从一场口头斗争或网球比赛到一场理性的交流，通过这种交流我们都能获得彼此的尊重和理解——那么我们就改变了“赢得”争论的本质。
【分析】两个破折号部分相当于插入语，thrugh which we all gain respect and understanding frm each ther是定语从句，修饰先行词exchange；主体部分是一个if引起的条件状语从句+主句 结构的主从复合句。
2023年四省联考
Fr years, David James, wh studies insects at Washingtn State University, had wanted t examine the migratin (迁徙)patterns f West Cast mnarch butterflies (黑脉金斑蝶). The rute the butterflies travel has been hardly knwn because the ppulatins are t small t fllw. Fr every 200 mnarchs tagged (打标签)by a researcher, nly ne is usually recvered at the end f its trip, James says, and finding even 200 in the wild t tag is unlikely. Knwing the rute is vital t cnservatin effrts, but James had n way t figure it ut- until he gt a phne call frm Washingtn State Penitentiary in Walla Walla.
The prisn was lking fr new activities t imprve the mental health f thse serving lng-term sentences. S James began wrking with prisners t raise mnarchs thrugh the whle prcess f their transfrmatin. The adult insects were then tagged and released frm the prisn. Over five years, nearly 10, 000 mnarchs flew frm the facility. Elsewhere in Washingtn, Oregn and Idah, researchers released anther few thusand.
The tags included email addresses, and sn after the first butterflies tk ff, James started receiving messages frm peple wh had sptted them. The butterflies, the reprts cnfirmed, wintered in castal Califrnia. Twelve f them landed at Lighthuse Field State Beach in Santa Cruz. Several mre headed t Blinas and Mrr Bay.
The wrk helps researchers identify ideal places t plant milkweed and ther vegetatin that are imprtant t the life cycle f West Cast mnarch butterflies. It als brught ut the gentler side f sme f the prisners. “They were very wrried that they were ging t harm the butterflies, ”James says. Watching the mnarch change their frm als tuched the men. “This butterfly changed, ” James recalls prisners telling him, “and maybe we can t. ”
28. What was hard fr David t d in his study?
A. Gain financial supprt.B. Hire qualified wrkers.
C. Build a new labratry.D. Find enugh mnarchs.
29. Why are the butterflies tagged befre being released?
A. T guarantee their safety.
B. T enable them t fly lnger distances.
C. T track their travel rutes.
D. T distinguish them frm ther species.
30. What makes the prisners feel that they can change?
A. The patience the butterflies shwed.
B. The hardship the butterflies underwent.
C. The transfrmatin f the butterflies.
D. The devtin f James t the butterflies.
31. What is the last paragraph mainly abut?
A. The impact f the research.
B. The findings f James’ study.
C. The release f the prisners.
D. The life cycle f the butterflies.
答案解析
【答案】28. D 29. C 30. C 31. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章讲述了David James想要研究黑脉金斑蝶的迁徙，但是很难找到足够可以跟踪的蝴蝶，华盛顿州立监狱的囚犯帮助饲养蝴蝶，然后打上包括邮箱地址的标签放飞， James收到了来自发现蝴蝶的人们的信息，从而让研究工作顺利进行，这项工作帮助研究人员确定了理想的种植马利筋和其他植被的地方，这些植被对西海岸黑脉金斑蝶蝶的生命周期很重要，也激发了一些囚犯温和的一面。
28.细节理解题。根据第一段的“The rute the butterflies travel has been hardly knwn because the ppulatins are t small t fllw. Fr every 200 mnarchs tagged (打标签)by a researcher, nly ne is usually recvered at the end f its trip, James says, and finding even 200 in the wild t tag is unlikely.( 蝴蝶的飞行路线几乎不为人知，因为它们的数量太少，无法跟随。詹姆斯说，每200只被研究人员标记的帝王蝴蝶，通常只有一只在旅行结束时被找到，而在野外找到200只帝王蝶也不太可能。)”可知，对于戴维来说，研究中最困难的是找到足够的黑脉金斑蝶。故选D。
29.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“The tags included email addresses, and sn after the first butterflies tk ff, James started receiving messages frm peple wh had sptted them. The butterflies, the reprts cnfirmed, wintered in castal Califrnia. Twelve f them landed at Lighthuse Field State Beach in Santa Cruz. Several mre headed t Blinas and Mrr Bay. ( 这些标签包括电子邮件地址，在第一批蝴蝶起飞后不久，詹姆斯开始收到发现它们的人发来的信息。报道证实，这些蝴蝶在加州沿海过冬。其中12只降落在圣克鲁斯的Lighthuse Field State Beach。更多的前往Blinas和Mrr Bay。)”可推断，在释放之前给这些蝴蝶打上标签是为了跟踪它们的旅行路线。故选C。
30.细节理解题。根据最后一段的“It als brught ut the gentler side f sme f the prisners. ‘They were very wrried that they were ging t harm the butterflies,’James says. Watching the mnarch change their frm als tuched the men.‘This butterfly changed,’James recalls prisners telling him, ‘and maybe we can t.’(它也带来了一些囚犯的温和的一面。“他们非常担心他们会伤害蝴蝶,”詹姆斯说。看着黑脉金斑蝶改变他们的形式也感动了这些男人。“这只蝴蝶改变了,”詹姆斯回忆说,囚犯告诉他,“也许我们也可以。”)”可知，蝴蝶的改变感动了这些囚犯，他们觉得蝴蝶可以变形，他们也可以改变，因此可知是蝴蝶的改变让囚犯感觉自己也可以改变。故选C。
31.主旨大意题。根据最后一段的“The wrk helps researchers identify ideal places t plant milkweed and ther vegetatin that are imprtant t the life cycle f West Cast mnarch butterflies. It als brught ut the gentler side f sme f the prisners.( 这项工作帮助研究人员确定理想了的种植马利筋和其他植被的地方，这些植被对西海岸黑脉金斑蝶蝶的生命周期很重要。它也激发了一些囚犯温和的一面。)”可推断，本段主要讲述这项研究工作的影响。故选A。
解题指导
态度观点态度类试题解题指导
态度观点态度类试题的解题方法：
第一：结合题干人物和内容定位原文出现在哪一（些）段；然后仔细比对该句言外之意；
第二：加入自己的态度。要注意区分试题考查的是作者的态度还是作者引用别人的态度；
第三：态度没有明确提出时，要学会根据作者在文章中所运用词汇的褒贬性去判断作者的态度，尤其是动词、形容词和副词，如wnderfully, successfully, unfrtunately, dubtfully 等。
乐观支持类词汇：ptimistic乐观的；psitive肯定的；favrable 支持的，赞同的；supprtive支持的；apprving赞成的
客观中立类词汇：bjective客观的；neutral中立的；cautius谨慎的
消极反对类词汇：negative否定的；ppsite相反的；unfair公正的；dubtful怀疑的；indifferent漠不关心的；critical批评的；irnic讽刺的；skeptical质疑的；disappinted失望的；disapprving不赞同的；pessimistic悲观的；dismissive轻蔑的，不屑一顾的
考例1（2023年全国甲卷C篇）
I was abut 13 when an uncle gave me a cpy f Jstein Gaarder’s Sphie’s Wrld. It was full f ideas that were new t me, s I spent the summer with my head in and ut f that bk. It spke t me and brught me int a wrld f philsphy (哲学).
That lve fr philsphy lasted until I gt t cllege. Nthing kills the lve fr philsphy faster than peple wh think they understand Fucault, Baudrillard, r Cnfucius better than yu — and then try t explain them.
Eric Weiner’s The Scrates Express: In Search f Life Lessns frm Dead Philsphers reawakened my lve fr philsphy. It is nt an explanatin, but an invitatin t think and experience philsphy.
Weiner starts each chapter with a scene n a train ride between cities and then frames each philspher’s wrk in the cntext (背景) f ne thing they can help us d better. The end result is a read in which we learn t wnder like Scrates, see like Threau, listen like Schpenhauer, and have n regrets like Nietzsche. This, mre than a bk abut understanding philsphy, is a bk abut learning t use philsphy t imprve a life.
He makes philsphical thught an appealing exercise that imprves the quality f ur experiences, and he des s with plenty f humr. Weiner enters int cnversatin with sme f the mst imprtant philsphers in histry, and he becmes part f that crwd in the prcess by decding (解读) their messages and adding his wn interpretatin.
The Scrates Express is a fun, sharp bk that draws readers in with its apparent simplicity and gradually pulls them in deeper thughts n desire, lneliness, and aging. The invitatin is clear: Weiner wants yu t pick up a cffee r tea and sit dwn with this bk. I encurage yu t take his ffer. It’s wrth yur time, even if time is smething we dn’t have a lt f.
28. Wh pened the dr t philsphy fr the authr?
A. Fucault.B. Eric Weiner.
C. Jstein Gaarder.D. A cllege teacher.
29. Why des the authr list great philsphers in paragraph 4?
A. T cmpare Weiner with them.
B. T give examples f great wrks.
C. T praise their writing skills.
D. T help readers understand Weiners bk.
30. What des the authr like abut The Scrates Express?
A. Its views n histry are well-presented.
B. Its ideas can be applied t daily life.
C. It includes cmments frm readers.
D. It leaves an pen ending.
31. What des the authr think f Weiners bk?
A. Objective and plain.
B. Daring and ambitius.
C. Serius and hard t fllw.
D. Humrus and straightfrward.
【答案】28. C 29. D 30. B 31. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。作者在13岁时开始喜欢哲学，随后Weiner的书The Scrates Express唤起了作者对哲学的热爱。文章通过介绍了The Scrates Express这本书，倡导读者花时间去读这本书。
28.细节理解题。根据第一段“I was abut 13 when an uncle gave me a cpy f Jstein Gaarder’s Sphie’s Wrld. It was full f ideas that were new t me, s I spent the summer with my head in and ut f that bk. It spke t me and brught me int a wrld f philsphy(哲学).(我13岁的时候，一个叔叔给了我一本Jstein Gaarder的《 Sphie的世界》。书里面的观点对我来说都很新奇，所以我整个夏天都在钻研那本书。它对我说话，把我带入一个哲学的世界。)”可知，Jstein Gaarder为作者打开了通往哲学的大门。故选C。
29.推理判断题。根据第四段中“Weiner starts each chapter with a scene n a train ride between cities and then frames each philspher’s wrk in the cntext (背景) f ne thing they can help us d better. The end result is a read in which we learn t wnder like Scrates, see like Threau, listen like Schpenhauer, and have n regrets like Nietzsche. (Weiner在每一章的开头都描述了一个城市之间火车旅行的场景，然后将每一位哲学家的著作框定在一个他们能够帮助我们做得更好的事情上。最终的结果是，我们学会了像苏格拉底一样思考，像梭罗一样看，像叔本华一样听，像尼采一样没有遗憾。)”可知，作者在第四段开头描写了Weiner书的内容，接着作者通过列举了几位伟大的哲学家来描写读完这本书后我们能从中学到的东西，由此可推知，作者列举了几位伟大的哲学家是为了帮助读者理解Weiners的书。故选D。
30.细节理解题。根据第四段中“This, mre than a bk abut undestanding philsphy, is a bk abur learning t use philsphy t imprve a life.(这不仅仅是一本关于理解哲学的书，更是一本关于学习运用哲学来改善生活的书。)”可知，作者喜欢The Scrates Express这本书，是因为它的思想可以应用到日常生活中。故选B。
31.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“He makes philspical thught an appealing exercise that imprves the quality f ur experiences, and he des s with plenty f humr.(他使哲学思想成为一种有吸引力的练习，可以提高我们经验的质量，而且他在做这件事的时候充满了幽默感。)”可知，Weiners的书很幽默，根据最后一段中“The Scrates Express is a fun, sharp bk that draws readers in with its apparent simplicity and gradually pulls them in deeper thughts n desire, lneliness, and aging. (The Scrates Express是一本有趣而尖锐的书，它以其表面上的简单吸引着读者，并逐渐将他们拉进对欲望、孤独和衰老的深层思考中。)”可知，Weiners的书简单易懂，由此可知，Weiners的书既幽默又简单易懂。故选D。
考例2 （2021年新高考I卷D篇）
Ppularizatin has in sme cases changed the riginal meaning f emtinal (情感的) intelligence. Many peple nw misunderstand emtinal intelligence as almst everything desirable in a persn’s makeup that cannt be measured by an IQ test, such as character, mtivatin, cnfidence, mental stability, ptimism and “peple skills.” Research has shwn that emtinal skills may cntribute t sme f these qualities, but mst f them mve far beynd skill-based emtinal intelligence.
We prefer t describe emtinal intelligence as a specific set f skills that can be used fr either gd r bad purpses. The ability t accurately understand hw thers are feeling may be used by a dctr t find hw best t help her patients, while a cheater might use it t cntrl ptential victims. Being emtinally intelligent des nt necessarily make ne a mral persn.
Althugh ppular beliefs regarding emtinal intelligence run far ahead f what research can reasnably supprt, the verall effects f the publicity have been mre beneficial than harmful. The mst psitive aspect f this ppularizatin is a new and much needed emphasis (重视) n emtin by emplyers, educatrs and thers interested in prmting scial well-being. The ppularizatin f emtinal intelligence has helped bth the public and researchers re-evaluate the functinality f emtins and hw they serve peple adaptively in everyday life.
32. What is a cmmn misunderstanding f emtinal intelligence?
A. It can be measured by an IQ test.
B. It helps t exercise a persn's mind.
C. It includes a set f emtinal skills.
D. It refers t a persn’s psitive qualities.
33. Why des the authr mentin “dctr” and “cheater” in paragraph 2?
A. T explain a rule.B. T clarify a cncept.
C. T present a fact.D. T make a predictin.
34. What is the authr's attitude t the ppularizatin f emtinal intelligence?
A. Favrable.B. Intlerant.C. Dubtful.D. Unclear.
35. What des the last paragraph mainly talk abut cncerning emtinal intelligence?
A. Its appeal t the public.
B. Expectatins fr future studies.
C. Its practical applicatin.
D. Scientists with new perspectives.
【答案】32. D 33. B 34. A 35. B
【解题导读】本文是一篇议论文。主要论述了什么是情商以及情商普及的优势，并表达了作者自己的观点，同时提出了对情商研究的未来期望。
32. D。细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Many peple nw misunderstand emtinal intelligence as almst everything desirable in a persn’s makeup that cannt be measured by an IQ test, such as character, mtivatin, cnfidence, mental stability, ptimism and ‘peple skills’.”可知，许多人误把情商理解为一个人的性格中无法被智商测试所衡量的几乎可取的一切，也就是指一个人的积极的品质。
33. B。推理判断题。第二段首句“We prefer t describe emtinal intelligence as a specific set f skills that can be used fr either gd r bad purpses.”是介绍情商的概念。由此推断出提到的“医生”和“骗子”是对这一概念的解释。
34. A。推理判断题。根据题干中的“the authr’s attitude t the ppularizatin f emtinal intelligence”可定位到第三段。根据第三段的首句“Althugh ppular beliefs regarding emtinal intelligence run far ahead f what research can reasnably supprt, the verall effects f the publicity have been mre beneficial than harmful.”可知，作者认为情商普及利大于弊。又根据“The mst psitive aspect f this ppularizatin...”和“The ppularizatin f emtinal intelligence has helped...”可知，作者对于情商普及是赞成的。
35. B。主旨大意题。根据最后一段中的“Althugh the cntinuing ppular appeal f emtinal intelligence is desirable, we hpe that such attentin will excite a greater interest in the scientific and schlarly study f emtin.”可知，虽然情商的持续流行吸引力是可取的，但我们希望这种关注能引起人们对情感的科学研究和学术研究的更大的兴趣。又根据下文的“It is ur hpe that in cming decades, advances in science will ffer new perspectives (视角) frm which t study hw peple manage their lives.”可知，我们希望在未来的数十年后，科学的进步提供新的视角来研究人们如何管理他们的生活。由此可知，这些是对未来研究的期望。
历年真题速递
1（2018·全国·高考真题）We’ve all been there: in a lift, in line at the bank r n an airplane, surrunded by peple wh are, like us, deeply fcused n their smartphnes r, wrse, struggling with the uncmfrtable silence.
What’s the prblem? It’s pssible that we all have cmprmised cnversatinal intelligence. It’s mre likely that nne f us start a cnversatin because it’s awkward and challenging, r we think it’s annying and unnecessary. But the next time yu find yurself amng strangers, cnsider that small talk is wrth the truble. Experts say it’s an invaluable scial practice that results in big benefits.
Dismissing small talk as unimprtant is easy, but we can’t frget that deep relatinships wuldn’t even exist if it weren’t fr casual cnversatin. Small talk is the grease(润滑剂) fr scial cmmunicatin, says Bernard Carducci, directr f the Shyness Research Institute at Indiana University Sutheast. ＂Almst every great lve stry and each big business deal begins with small talk,＂ he explains. ＂The key t successful small talk is learning hw t cnnect with thers, nt just cmmunicate with them.＂
In a 2014 study, Elizabeth Dunn, assciate prfessr f psychlgy at UBC, invited peple n their way int a cffee shp. One grup was asked t seek ut an interactin(互动) with its waiter; the ther, t speak nly when necessary. The results shwed that thse wh chatted with their server reprted significantly higher psitive feelings and a better cffee shp experience. ＂It’s nt that talking t the waiter is better than talking t yur husband,＂ says Dunn. ＂But interactins with peripheral(边缘的) members f ur scial netwrk matter fr ur well-being als.＂
Dunn believes that peple wh reach ut t strangers feel a significantly greater sense f belnging, a bnd with thers. Carducci believes develping such a sense f belnging starts with small talk. ＂Small talk is the basis f gd manners,＂ he says.
1．What phenmenn is described in the first paragraph?
A．Addictin t smartphnes.
B．Inapprpriate behaviurs in public places.
C．Absence f cmmunicatin between strangers.
D．Impatience with slw service.
2．What is imprtant fr successful small talk accrding t Carducci?
A．Shwing gd manners.B．Relating t ther peple.
C．Fcusing n a tpic.D．Making business deals.
3．What des the cffee-shp study suggest abut small talk?
A．It imprves family relatinships.B．It raises peple’s cnfidence.
C．It matters as much as a frmal talk.D．It makes peple feel gd.
4．What is the best title fr the text?
A．Cnversatin CuntsB．Ways f Making Small Talk
C．Benefits f Small TalkD．Uncmfrtable Silence
【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．C
【分析】这是一篇议论文。在当今社会，人们在公共场合或沉迷于智能手机，或与不舒服的沉默抗争，陌生人之间缺乏沟通。但人与人之间是需要适当的交谈闲聊的，闲聊是人际关系社会交往必不可少的部分，而且也有很多好处。
1．主旨大意题。题干问的是：第一段描述了什么现象。在公共场合（比如在电梯里，在银行排队，或在飞机上）人们深深地专注于他们的智能手机，或者更糟糕的是，与不舒服的沉默抗争。有此可知，陌生人之间缺乏沟通。A项意为：沉迷于智能手机。B项意为：在公共场所不适当的行为。C项意为：陌生人之间缺乏沟通。D项意为：对缓慢的服务不耐烦。故选C项。
2．推理判断题。题干问得是对于Carducci来说，成功的闲聊中重要的是什么。根据第三段最后一句“The key t successful small talk is learning hw t cnnect with thers, nt just cmmunicate with them”（成功闲聊的关键是学习如何与他们交流，而不仅仅是与他们沟通。）由此推断C符合题意。A项意为：表现出良好的礼貌。B项意为：与他人有关的。C项意为：专注于一个话题。D项意为：做商业交易。故选B项。
3．推理判断题。题干问的是：咖啡店的研究对闲聊有什么建议。根据第四段的调查结果可知，那些与服务员聊天的人，有显著的积极情绪和更好的咖啡店体验。由此可知，D项符合题意。A项意为：闲聊改善了家庭关系。B项意为：闲聊提高了人们的信心。C项意为：闲聊和正式谈话一样重要。D项意为：闲聊让人感觉很好。故选D项。
4．主旨大意题。整篇文章刚开始介绍了社会的现象（公共场合人们沉迷于智能手机，陌生人之间缺乏沟通交流），接着分析了这一问题的原因，接下来有专家对闲聊进行了研究，最后得出结论，闲聊都有什么样的好处。A项意为：谈话很重要。B项意为：闲聊的方法。C项意为：闲聊的好处。D项意为：不舒服的沉默。故选C项。
2（2024·浙江·统考高考真题）The Stanfrd marshmallw (棉花糖) test was riginally cnducted by psychlgist Walter Mischel in the late 1960s. Children aged fur t six at a nursery schl were placed in a rm. A single sugary treat, selected by the child, was placed n a table. Each child was tld if they waited fr 15 minutes befre eating the treat, they wuld be given a secnd treat. Then they were left alne in the rm. Fllw-up studies with the children later in life shwed a cnnect in between an ability t wait lng enugh t btain a secnd treat and varius frms f success.
As adults we face a versin f the marshmallw test every day. We’ re nt tempted (诱惑) by sugary treats, but by ur cmputers, phnes, and tablets — all the devices that cnnect us t the glbal delivery system fr varius types f infrmatin that d t us what marshmallws d t preschlers.
We are tempted by sugary treats because ur ancestrs lived in a calrie-pr wrld, and ur brains develped a respnse mechanism t these treats that reflected their value — a feeling f reward and satisfactin. But as we’ve reshaped the wrld arund us, dramatically reducing the cst and effrt invlved in btaining calries, we still have the same brains we had thusands f years ag, and this mismatch is at the heart f why s many f us struggle t resist tempting fds that we knw we shuldn’t eat.
A similar prcess is at wrk in ur respnse t infrmatin. Our frmative envirnment as a species was infrmatin-pr, s ur brains develped a mechanism that prized new infrmatin. But glbal cnnectivity has greatly changed ur infrmatin envirnment. We are nw ceaselessly bmbarded (轰炸) with new infrmatin. Therefre, just as we need t be mre thughtful abut ur calric cnsumptin, we als need t be mre thughtful abut ur infrmatin cnsumptin, resisting the temptatin f the mental “junk fd” in rder t manage ur time mst effectively.
5．What did the children need t d t get a secnd treat in Mischel’s test?
A．Take an examinatin alne.
B．Shw respect fr the researchers.
C．Share their treats with thers.
D．Delay eating fr fifteen minutes.
6．Accrding t paragraph 3, there is a mismatch between ___________.
A．the calrie-pr wrld and ur gd appetites
B．the shrtage f sugar and ur nutritinal needs
C．the rich fd supply and ur unchanged brains
D．the tempting fds and ur effrts t keep fit
7．What des the authr suggest readers d?
A．Absrb new infrmatin readily.
B．Be selective infrmatin cnsumers.
C．Use diverse infrmatin surces.
D．Prtect the infrmatin envirnment.
8．Which f the fllwing is the best title fr the text?
A．Eat Less, Read Mre
B．The Bitter Truth abut Early Humans
C．The Later, the Better
D．The Marshmallw Test fr Grwnups
【答案】5．D 6．C 7．B 8．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。在信息化时代我们作为成年人每天都在面对棉花糖测试，信息轰炸让我们摄入了太多精神“垃圾食品”，文章对此进行了介绍。
5．细节理解题。根据第一段第四句“Each child was tld if they waited fr 15 minutes befre eating the treat, they wuld be given a secnd treat.(每个孩子都被告知，如果他们在吃之前等待15分钟，他们将得到第二次奖励。)”可知，在米歇尔的测试中，孩子们需要在吃之前等待15分钟才能得到第二次奖励。故选D。
6．细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“But as we’ve reshaped the wrld arund us, dramatically reducing the cst and effrt invlved in btaining calries, we still have the same brains we had thusands f years ag, and this mismatch is at the heart f why s many f us struggle t resist tempting fds that we knw we shuldn’t eat.(但是，当我们重塑了我们周围的世界，大大减少了获取卡路里的成本和努力时，我们的大脑仍然和几千年前一样，这种不匹配是我们这么多人努力抵抗我们知道不应该吃的诱人食物的核心原因。)”可知，根据第三段可知，丰富的食物供应和我们不曾改变的大脑之间存在不匹配。故选C。
7．细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“Therefre, just as we need t be mre thughtful abut ur calric cnsumptin, we als need t be mre thughtful abut ur infrmatin cnsumptin, resisting the temptatin f the mental “junk fd” in rder t manage ur time mst effectively.(因此，就像我们需要更仔细地考虑我们的热量消耗一样，我们也需要更仔细地考虑我们的信息消耗，抵制精神“垃圾食品”的诱惑，以便最有效地管理我们的时间。)”可知，作者建议读者做有选择性的信息消费者。故选B。
8．主旨大意题。根据第二段“As adults we face a versin f the marshmallw test every day. We’ re nt tempted (诱惑) by sugary treats, but by ur cmputers, phnes, and tablets — all the devices that cnnect us t the glbal delivery system fr varius types f infrmatin that d t us what marshmallws d t preschlers.(作为成年人，我们每天都要面对棉花糖测试。诱惑我们的不是甜食，而是我们的电脑、手机和平板电脑——所有这些将我们与全球信息传递系统连接起来的设备，它们对我们的作用就像棉花糖对学龄前儿童的作用一样。)”可知，文章主要是讲在信息化时代我们作为成年人每天都在面对棉花糖测试，信息轰炸让我们摄入了太多精神“垃圾食品”。故选D。
3（2023·全国·统考高考真题）On March 7, 1907, the English statistician Francis Galtn published a paper which illustrated what has cme t be knwn as the “wisdm f crwds” effect. The experiment f estimatin he cnducted shwed that in sme cases, the average f a large number f independent estimates culd be quite accurate.
This effect capitalizes n the fact that when peple make errrs, thse errrs aren’t always the same. Sme peple will tend t verestimate, and sme t underestimate. When enugh f these errrs are averaged tgether, they cancel each ther ut, resulting in a mre accurate estimate. If peple are similar and tend t make the same errrs, then their errrs wn’t cancel each ther ut. In mre technical terms, the wisdm f crwds requires that peple’s estimates be independent. If fr whatever reasns, peple’s errrs becme crrelated r dependent, the accuracy f the estimate will g dwn.
But a new study led by Jaquin Navajas ffered an interesting twist (转折) n this classic phenmenn. The key finding f the study was that when crwds were further divided int smaller grups that were allwed t have a discussin, the averages frm these grups were mre accurate than thse frm an equal number f independent individuals. Fr instance, the average btained frm the estimates f fur discussin grups f five was significantly mre accurate than the average btained frm 20 independent individuals.
In a fllw-up study with 100 university students, the researchers tried t get a better sense f what the grup members actually did in their discussin. Did they tend t g with thse mst cnfident abut their estimates? Did they fllw thse least willing t change their minds? This happened sme f the time, but it wasn’t the dminant respnse. Mst frequently, the grups reprted that they “shared arguments and reasned tgether”. Smehw, these arguments and reasning resulted in a glbal reductin in errr. Althugh the studies led by Navajas have limitatins and many questins remain, the ptential implicatins fr grup discussin and decisin-making are enrmus.
9．What is paragraph 2 f the text mainly abut?
A．The methds f estimatin.B．The underlying lgic f the effect.
C．The causes f peple’s errrs.D．The design f Galtn’s experiment.
10．Navajas’ study fund that the average accuracy culd increase even if ________.
A．the crwds were relatively smallB．there were ccasinal underestimates
C．individuals did nt cmmunicateD．estimates were nt fully independent
11．What did the fllw-up study fcus n?
A．The size f the grups.B．The dminant members.
C．The discussin prcess.D．The individual estimates.
12．What is the authr’s attitude tward Navajas’ studies?
A．Unclear.B．Dismissive.C．Dubtful.D．Apprving.
【答案】9．B 10．D 11．C 12．D
【导语】本文是说明文。没有人是一座孤岛，文章陈述了“群体智慧”效应。实验表明，在某些情况下大量独立估计的平均值可能是相当准确的。
9．主旨大意题。根据第二段内容“This effect capitalizes n the fact that when peple make errrs, thse errrs aren’t always the same. Sme peple will tend t verestimate, and cme t underestimate. When enugh f these errrs are averaged tgether, they cancel each ther ut, resulting in a mre accurate estimate. If peple are similar and tend t make the same errrs, then their errrs wn’t cancel each ther ut. In mre technical terms, the wisdm f crwds requires that peple’s estimates be independent. If fr whatever reasns, peple s errrs becme crrelated r dependent, the accuracy f the estimate will g dwn. (这种效应利用了这样一个事实，即当人们犯错误时，这些错误并不总是相同的。有些人常常会高估，或者低估。当这些误差中有足够多的误差被平均在一起时，它们会相互抵消，从而产生更准确的估计。如果相似的人倾向于犯同样的错误，那么他们的错误不会相互抵消。从更专业的角度来说，群众的智慧要求人们的估计是独立的。如果由于任何原因，人们的错误变得相关或依赖，估计的准确性就会下降)”可知，本段阐述了人们所犯的错误不总是相同的，各不相同的误差平均在一起，相互抵消就会产生更准确的估计，讨论了独立估计的平均如何由于误差的消除而产生更准确的预测。因此本段主要解释了“群体智慧”效应这一现象的基本逻辑。故选B。
10．细节理解题。根据第二段的“In mre technical terms, the wisdm f crwds requires that peple’s estimates be independent. (从更专业的角度来说，群众的智慧要求人们的估计是独立的)”和第三段的“The key finding f the study was that when crwds were further divided int smaller grups that were allwed t have a discussin, the averages frm these grups were mre accurate than thse frm an equal number f independent individuals. Fr instance, the average btained frm the estimates f fur discussin grups f five was significantly mre accurate than the average btained frm 20 independent individuals. (这项研究的关键发现是，当人群被进一步划分为允许进行讨论的小组时，这些小组的平均值比同等数量的独立个体的平均值更准确。例如，从四个五人讨论组的估计中获得的平均值明显比从20个独立个体获得的平均值更准确)”可知，人们在没有独立的情况下，分成更小群体，平均值是更准确的，说明即使在估计数字并非完全独立的情况下，准确率提高也是可以做到的。故选D。
11．推理判断题。根据第四段的“In a fllw-up study with 100 university students, the researchers tried t get a better sense f what the grup members actually did in their discussin. Did they tend t g with thse mst cnfident abut their estimates? Did they fllw thse least willing t change their minds? (在一项针对100名大学生的后续研究中，研究人员试图更好地了解小组成员在讨论中的实际行为。他们是否倾向于选择那些对自己的估计最有信心的人？他们追随那些最不愿意改变主意的人吗)”可知，在后续研究中，研究人员试图更好地了解小组成员在讨论中实际做了什么。结合两个问题，因此可知后续研究的重点是小组内的讨论过程。故选C。
12．推理判断题。根据最后一段内容“Althugh the studies led by Navajas have limitatins and many questins remain, the ptential implicatins fr grup discussin and decisin-making are enrmus. (尽管Navajas领导的研究有局限性，仍存在许多问题，但对小组讨论和决策的潜在影响是巨大的)”可知，作者认为虽然Navajas领导的研究有局限性也存在许多问题，但对小组讨论和决策的潜在影响巨大。因此推断作者对于Navajas的研究表示一定的赞许和支持。故选D。
名校好题速递
4（2023·云南昆明·昆明一中校考一模）Recently I’ve been drawn t bks which mtivate me t lk at myself, and hpefully make me a better “me”. The Curaget Be Disliked, by Ichir Kishimi and Fumitake Kya, has a title I just can’t g past.
The bk has taken Japan by strm, using the theries f philspher Alfred Adler t create cnversatins between a fictinal philspher and a yung man. The cnversatins cver many brad, interesting and tuchy tpics. The philspher character sticks by the theries f Adler, and explains hw we are cmpetent t determine ur wn lives, and be free f the influence f past experiences and thers’ expectatins. It’s a way f thinking that allws us t develp the curage t change and t ignre the limitatins placed n us.
These ften cmplex tpics are played ut in a cnversatinal style between the tw men. While it’s easy t fllw the cnversatins, the tpics will knck arund in yur wn head as yu wrk ut whether yu sit n the side f the philspher, the yung man, r smewhere in between. The bk is well-received by readers primarily wing t the fact that it presents tw well-balanced perspectives in the arguments. Yu’ll find yurself ding husehld chres, r at yur keybard, unpacking all the infrmatin in yur mind and cming t yur wn cnclusins.
Yu will whleheartedly agree n sme pints and want t thrw the bk at the wall at thers. Its cntent is plarising (两极化的) and I certainly dn’t agree with everything the philspher r the yung man says, but I think that’s the pint. The Curage t Be Disliked is there t spark a cnversatin with yurself and d sme slightly uncmfrtable sul-searching.
13．Which categry des the bk belng t?
A．Classic literature.B．Science fictin.
C．Philsphy thery.D．Self imprvement.
14．Which statement might the philspher character agree with?
A．Peple can take charge f their life curse.
B．Peple are free f the influence f their past.
C．Peple shuld hide their eagerness t change.
D．Peple ught t take their limitatins seriusly.
15．Hw des the bk develp?
A．By presenting dialgues.B．By making cmparisns.
C．By arguing theretically.D．By listing adequate data.
16．Why is the bk ppular with readers?
A．It shws ideas in plain language.B．It ffers balanced sides t the tpics.
C．It displays the scientific statistics.D．It avids the use f philsphic terms.
【答案】13．D 14．A 15．A 16．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章推荐了一本自我提升类的书籍《被讨厌的勇气》。
13．推理判断题。根据第一段“Recently I’ve been drawn t bks which mtivate me t lk at myself, and hpefully make me a better “me”. The Curaget Be Disliked, by Ichir Kishimi and Fumitake Kya, has a title I just can’t g past. (最近，我被一些书所吸引，它们能激励我审视自己，并希望能让我成为一个更好的“我”。Ichir Kishimi和Fumitake Kya合著的《被讨厌的勇气》有着让我无法忽视的书名。)”和最后一段中的“The Curage t Be Disliked is there t spark a cnversatin with yurself and d sme slightly uncmfrtable sul-searching. (《被讨厌的勇气》可以激发你和自己的对话，做一些稍微不舒服的自我反省。)”可知，书籍《被讨厌的勇气》激励读者自我反思，成为更好的自己，因此属于自我提升类书籍。故选D。
14．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The philspher character sticks by the theries f Adler, and explains hw we are cmpetent t determine ur wn lives, and be free f the influence f past experiences and thers’ expectatins. (哲学家的角色坚持Adler的理论，并解释了我们如何有能力决定自己的生活，不受过去经验和他人期望的影响。)”可知，书中的哲学家认为人有能力决定自己的生活。因此，他应该会赞同的观点是“人们可以主导自己的人生道路”。故选A。
15．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“These ften cmplex tpics are played ut in a cnversatinal style between the tw men. (这些通常很复杂的话题在两人之间以对话的方式展开。)”可知，这本书是通过呈现对话的方式展开的。故选A。
16．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The bk is well-received by readers primarily wing t the fact that it presents tw well-balanced perspectives in the arguments. (这本书受到读者的广泛欢迎，主要是因为它在论证中呈现了两个平衡的观点。)”可知，这本书受欢迎是因为它为话题提供了平衡的观点。故选B。
5（2023·宁夏银川·银川一中校考模拟预测）If yu are a perfectinist, yu are prbably familiar with the feeling f wanting t get everything just right. Yu may struggle with handing in papers, agnize ver prjects at wrk, and even wrry abut small errrs frm the past. High standards are ne thing, but perfectinism is quite anther. And as sme researchers have discvered, pursuing perfectin can have serius cnsequences t bth mental and physical well­being.
Accrding t researchers, perfectinists hld themselves t unrealistically high standards and becme self­critical if they believe they haven’t met these standards. Perfectinists are als likely t feel guilt and shame if they experience failures, which ften leads them t avid situatins where they are wrried they might fail.
In ne study, researchers lked at a ttal f 284 studies (with ver 57，000 participants) and fund that perfectinism was assciated with symptms f depressin, anxiety, bsessive­cmpulsive disrder, and eating disrders. They als fund that peple higher in perfectinism (i.e. participants wh mre strngly identified with perfectinist traits) als reprted higher levels f verall psychlgical distress.
In an article published in 2016, researchers lked at hw perfectinism and depressin were related ver time. They fund that peple higher in perfectinism tended t have increases in depressin symptms, which suggests that perfectinism may be a risk factr fr develping depressin. In ther wrds, althugh peple may think f their perfectinism as smething that helps them succeed, it appears that their perfectinism may actually be harmful fr their mental health.
Since perfectinism is assciated with negative utcmes, what can smene with perfectinist tendencies d t change their behavir? Althugh peple are smetimes hesitant t give up their perfectinist tendencies, psychlgists pint ut that giving up n perfectin desn’t mean being less successful. In fact, because mistakes are an imprtant part f learning and grwing, embracing imperfectin can actually help us in the lng run.
17．Why des the authr describe the scene in the first paragraph?
A．T intrduce the tpic.B．T make cmparisns.
C．T supprt the authr’s argument.D．T define a cncept.
18．Wh can be defined as a perfectinist?
A．A persn wh is determined t achieve high gals.
B．A persn wh tends t feel srry fr what he has dne.
C．A persn wh blames himself fr nt being that successful.
D．A persn wh hlds high standards fr themselves.
19．Hw can perfectinism be harmful?
A．It may lwer ne’s mental health.
B．It reflects ne’s psychlgical level.
C．It results in depressin immediately.
D．It stps ne frm recvering frm depressin.
20．What will be discussed in the fllwing paragraph?
A．A call fr nt being a perfectinist.
B．Anther side­effect f perfectinism.
C．Why perfectinism is harmful.
D．Hw t avid perfectinism.
【答案】17．A 18．C 19．A 20．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究发现，追求完美会对身心健康产生严重后果。
17．推理判断题。根据第一段“Yu may struggle with handing in papers, agnize ver prjects at wrk, and even wrry abut small errrs frm the past.（你可能很难交论文，为工作中的项目感到苦恼，甚至担心过去的小错误。）”和“And as sme researchers have discvered, pursuing perfectin can have serius cnsequences t bth mental and physical well-being.（正如一些研究人员所发现的，追求完美会对身心健康产生严重后果。）”可知，第一段描述的“你可能很难交论文，为工作中的项目感到苦恼，甚至担心过去的小错误”这一场景就是为了引出文章主题——追求完美不利于身心健康。故选A。
18．细节理解题。根据第二段“Accrding t researchers, perfectinists hld themselves t unrealistically high standards and becme self­critical if they believe they haven’t met these standards.（据研究人员称，完美主义者坚持不切实际的高标准，如果他们认为自己没有达到这些标准，就会自我批评。）”可知，为自己没有那么成功而自责的人属于完美主义者。故选C。
19．细节理解题。根据第三段“They als fund that peple higher in perfectinism (i.e. participants wh mre strngly identified with perfectinist traits) als reprted higher levels f verall psychlgical distress.（他们还发现，完美主义程度更高的人，即那些更认同完美主义特征的参与者，也报告了更高水平的总体心理压力。）”以及第四段“In ther wrds, althugh peple may think f their perfectinism as smething that helps them succeed, it appears that their perfectinism may actually be harmful fr their mental health.（换句话说，尽管人们可能认为完美主义有助于他们成功，但似乎他们的完美主义实际上可能对他们的心理健康有害。）”可知，完美主义的害处在于会降低心理健康水平。故选A。
20．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Since perfectinism is assciated with negative utcmes, what can smene with perfectinist tendencies d t change their behavir?（既然完美主义与消极结果相关，那么有完美主义倾向的人可以做些什么来改变他们的行为呢？）”可知，文章接下来会就如何避免完美主义给出具体建议。故选D。
6（2023·重庆·模拟预测）Arguments is n the menu tnight at the café La Chpe. This evening, as n every Thursday night, psychlgist Maud Lehanne is leading tw f France’s favrite pastimes, cffee drinking and the “talking cure”. Here they are learning t get in tuch with their true feelings. It isn’t always easy. They custmers — sme thirty Parisians wh pay just under $2 (plus drinks) per sessin — are quick t intellectualize (高谈阔论), slw t pen up and cnnect. “Yu are frbidden t say ‘ne feels’ r ‘peple think’,” Lehane tld them. “Say ‘I think’ ‘Think me’.”
A café sciety where n intellectualizing is allwed? It culdn’t seem mre un-French. But Lehanne’s psychlgy café is abut mre than knwing neself: It’s trying t help the city’s trubled neighbrhd cafes. Over the years, Parisian cafés have fallen victim t changes in the French lifestyle — lnger wrking hurs, a fast-fd bm and a yunger generatin’s desire t spend mre time at hme. Dzens f new theme cafés appear t change the situatin. Cafes fcused arund psychlgy, histry, and engineering are catching n, filling tables well int the evening.
The city’s psychlgy cafés, which ffer great cmfrt, are amng the mst ppular places. Middle-aged hmemakers, retirees, and the unemplyed cme t such cafes t talk abut lver, anger, and dreams with a psychlgist. And they cme t Lehance’s grup just t learn t say what they feel. There’s a strng need in Paris fr cmmunicatin, says Maurice Frisch, a café La Chpe regular wh wrks as religius instructr in a nearby church. “Peple have few real friends. And they need t pen up.” Lehanne says she’d like t see psychlgy cafés all ver France. “If peple had nrmal lives, these cafés wuldn’t exist,” she says. “If life weren’t a battle, peple wuln’t need a special place just t speak.” But then, it wuldn’t be France.
21．What are peple encuraged t d at the caféLa Chpe?
A．Learn a new curse.B．Cntact friends.
C．Shw ff their knwledge.D．Cnvey their true feelings.
22．Hw are cafés affected by French lifestyle changes?
A．They are less visited.B．They stay pen fr lnger hurs.
C．They have mre peple at night.D．They begin t ffer fast fd.
23．What are theme cafés expected t d?
A．Create mre jbs.B．Prvide better drinks.
C．Save the cafe business.D．Serve the cmmunity.
24．Why are psychlgy cafés accepted by s many peple?
A．They bring peple true friendship.B．They give peple spiritual supprt.
C．They help peple achieve their dreams.D．They cnnect all kinds f businesses.
【答案】21．D 22．A 23．C 24．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在法国心理咖啡馆逐渐流行起来，在这里人们被鼓励表达自己的真实情感，从而得到慰藉。
21．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Here they are learning t get in tuch with their true feelings.”（在这里，他们正在学习接触自己的真实感受。）可知，在这个咖啡馆，人们被鼓励表达自己的真实情感。故选D项。
22．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Over the years, Parisian cafés have fallen victim t changes in the French lifestyle — lnger wrking hurs, a fast-fd bm and a yunger generatin’s desire t spend mre time at hme.”（多年来，巴黎咖啡馆成为了法国人生活方式变化的牺牲品——工作时间变长，快餐热潮兴起，年轻一代希望有更多时间待在家里。）可知，因为法国人生活方式的变化，咖啡馆的顾客减少，生意大不如前。故选A项。
23．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Dzens f new theme cafés appear t change the situatin.”（许多新的主题咖啡似乎改变了这种状况。）可知，主题咖啡馆的目的是改变现状，拯救日渐惨淡的咖啡馆生意。故选C项。
24．推理判断题。根据最后一段，尤其是其中的“The city’s psychlgy cafés, which ffer great cmfrt, are amng the mst ppular places.”（这个城市的心理咖啡馆提供极大的舒适感，是最受欢迎的地方之一。）可知，在心理咖啡馆里，人们被鼓励表达自己真实的情感，表达沟通的需求被满足。由此推知，心理咖啡馆受欢迎的原因是顾客在那里能够得到精神上的慰藉。故选B项。
7（2023·安徽蚌埠·统考模拟预测）Have yu ever wndered what animals are talking abut? With the develpment f AI, we may be able t understand their languages!
In Prfessr Karen Bakker’s new bk, The Sunds f Life: Hne Digital Technlgy Is Bringing Us Clser t the Wrlds f Animals and Plants, she talks abut hw AI is helping us t make an animal versin f Ggle Translate.
All arund the animal kingdm, there are sunds that we can hardly pick up and understand. Elephants fr example talk with each ther using infrasund (次声波) —far belw ur human hearing range. Cral (珊瑚) in the cean als sends sund waves t attract baby cral t safer areas t grw. This is surprising as cral desn’t have any ears! Scientists have placed listening equipment int these envirnments t pick up the sunds humans cannt hear.
After the sunds are recrded, AI can study their meaning, accrding t the news website Vx. Fr example, Israeli researchers used AI t translate bats’15,000 calls. They fund that mre than 60 percent were arguments abut fur things: fd, sleep psitins, ccupatin f persnal space, and unwanted advances.
This technlgy can nt nly understand the animals but cmmunicate back t them. Fr example, bees use dances t cmmunicate. A research team in Germany, therefre, put the bee language AI system int a rbt bee. They asked the rbt t create a dance rute t tell the bees where the nectar (花蜜) was, Vx reprted.
25．What is Karen Bakker’s new bk mainly abut?
A．Hw AI helps translate animals’ sunds.
B．Why AI can help peple research animals.
C．Hw AI helps peple d translatins better.
D．Why animals need help frm human beings.
26．What d we knw abut the sunds made by animals?
A．N sunds by animals can be heard by humans.
B．The sunds guarantee animals safer areas t live.
C．Crals have ears t send and receive sund waves.
D．Elephants’ sund waves are beynd human hearing.
27．What is paragraph 4 mainly abut?
A．The arguments f bats.
B．The recrding f animal sunds.
C．The cntents f the news website.
D．The findings f AI translatin.
28．Hw culd scientists tell bees where the nectar was?
A．By learning the bee language.
B．By creating a rute with AI system.
C．By emplying a rbt bee as their guide.
D．By asking a rbt bee t teach them dance.
【答案】25．A 26．D 27．D 28．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了能听懂动物语言的人工智能技术。
25．细节理解题。根据第二段的“In Prfessr Karen Bakker’s new bk, The Sunds f Life: Hne Digital Technlgy Is Bringing Us Clser t the Wrlds f Animals and Plants, she talks abut hw AI is helping us t make an animal versin f Ggle Translate.(在Karen Bakker教授的新书《生命之声：数字技术让我们更接近动植物世界》中，她谈到了人工智能如何帮助我们制作动物版的谷歌翻译。)”可知，Karen Bakker的新书主要讲的是人工智能如何帮助翻译动物的声音。故选A。
26．细节理解题。 根据第三段中“All arund the animal kingdm, there are sunds that we can hardly pick up and understand. Elephants fr example talk with each ther using infrasund (次声波) —far belw ur human hearing range. (在动物王国里，有一些我们很难听懂的声音。例如，大象用次声交流——远低于人类的听觉范围。)”可知，大象的声波是人类听不见的。故选D。
27．主旨大意题。根据第四段的“After the sunds are recrded, AI can study their meaning, accrding t the news website Vx. Fr example, Israeli researchers used AI t translate bats’15,000 calls. They fund that mre than 60 percent were arguments abut fur things: fd, sleep psitins, ccupatin f persnal space, and unwanted advances.(据新闻网站Vx报道，在声音被录下来后，人工智能可以研究它们的意思。例如，以色列研究人员使用人工智能来翻译蝙蝠的1.5万种叫声。他们发现，超过60%的争论是关于四件事:食物、睡眠姿势、占用个人空间和不必要的挑逗。)”可知，第四段主要讲的是人工智能翻译的发现。故选D。
28．细节理解题。根据最后一段的“A research team in Germany, therefre, put the bee language AI system int a rbt bee. They asked the rbt t create a dance rute t tell the bees where the nectar (花蜜) was, Vx reprted.(因此，德国的一个研究小组将蜜蜂语言人工智能系统植入了机器人蜜蜂。据Vx报道，他们要求机器人创造一条舞蹈路线，告诉蜜蜂花蜜在哪里。)”可知，科学家通过用一只机器蜜蜂做他们的向导来告诉蜜蜂花蜜在哪里。故选C。
8（2023·安徽·校联考三模）Mdern life is full f things that can influence yur ability t be sensitive and respnsive t yur child. These include extra wrk, lack f sleep, and things like mbile devices. Sme experts are cncerned abut the effects that these things trigger ff n emtinal bnding and children’s language develpment, scial interactin, and safety.
If parents are incnsistently available, kids can get distressed(苦恼的)and feel hurt, rejected, r ignred. They may have mre emtinal utbursts and feel alne. They may even stp trying t cmpete fr their parent’s attentin and start t lse emtinal cnnectins t their parents.
“There are times when kids really d need yur attentin and want yur recgnitin. Parents need t cmmunicate that their kids are valuable and imprtant, and children need t knw that parents care what they’re ding,” explains Crnic, a psychlgist. “Kids start t regulate their wn emtins and behavir arund age three. Up until then, they depend mre n yu t help them regulate their emtins, whether t calm them r help get them excited,” he adds.
Dr. Carl Metzler, wh studies parenting at the Oregn Research Institute, explains, “They’re watching yu t see hw yu d it and listening t hw yu talk t them abut it. Parents need t be gd self-regulatrs. Yu’re nt nly trying t regulate yur wn emtins in the mment, but helping yur child learn t manage their emtins and behavir. It can be tugh t respnd t yur kids with sensitivity during tantrums(精神痛苦), arguments, r ther challenging times. If parents respnd by being bad-tempered r aggressive(攻击性的)themselves, children can cpy that behavir, and a negative cycle then cntinues t upgrade.”
As kids becme better at managing their feelings and behavir, it’s imprtant t help them develp cping skills, like active prblem slving. Such skills can help them feel cnfident in handling what cmes their way.
29．Which f the fllwing can replace the underlined wrds “trigger ff”?
A．Set ff.B．Burst int.
C．Cnsist f.D．Dive fr.
30．Why des Metzler think it tugh t respnd t kids sensitively in Paragraph 4?
A．Because kids are unable t make ut their parents’ arguments.
B．Because parents are t sensitive t train kids t be aggressive.
C．Because kids can nt cpy their parents’ behavir n these ccasins.
D．Because parents have t cntrl their feelings and teach it t their kids.
31．What’s the text mainly abut?
A．Parents shuld nt be bad-tempered in frnt f their kids.
B．Parents shuld cnsistently develp their prblem slving skills.
C．Parents shuld engage with kids and respnd t them psitively.
D．Parents shuld cntinuusly upgrade their language and emtins.
32．What will the writer prbably talk abut next?
A．The way t train kids t be cnfident.
B．The way t train kids’ abilities t deal with matters.
C．The way t train kids t self-regulate their emtins.
D．The way t train kids’ abilities t be sensitive and respnsibe.
【答案】29．A 30．D 31．C 32．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲了父母要与孩子建立密切的联系并积极地影响孩子。
29．词义猜测题。根据第一自然段“Mdern life is full f things that can influence yur ability t be sensitive and respnsive t yur child. These include extra wrk, lack f sleep, and things like mbile devices. Sme experts are cncerned abut the effects that these things trigger ff n emtinal bnding and children’s language develpment, scial interactin, and safety. (现代生活中充满了会影响你对孩子敏感和反应能力的事情。其中包括额外的工作、睡眠不足以及移动设备等。一些专家担心这些事情会对情感纽带、儿童语言发展、社交和安全trigger ff影响。)”可知，本段主要讲述了影响父母理解、体恤孩子并积极回应孩子能力的事物及其所引发的后果。划线词所在句为定语从句，意为“这些事物所产生的影响”，修饰effects，由此可推知，画线短语与A项“set ff(引起)”意思相近。故选A。
30．细节理解题。根据第四自然段“Parents need t be gd self-regulatrs. Yu’re nt nly trying t regulate yur wn emtins in the mment, but helping yur child learn t manage their emtins and behavir. It can be tugh t respnd t yur kids with sensitivity during tantrums(精神痛苦), arguments, r ther challenging times. (父母需要成为良好的自我调节者。你不仅试图在当下调节自己的情绪，还帮助孩子学会管理自己的情绪和行为。在孩子发脾气、争吵或其他具有挑战性的时候，你很难以敏感的态度回应他们。)”可知， 在第4段中，Metzler 认为对孩子们做出敏感的回应很困难，这是因为父母在这些时候不仅要自我调节情绪，还要帮助孩子学会管控情绪和行为。故选D。
31．主旨大意题。本文首段和第二段提出了现代生活中的一些事物会影响父母与孩子建立密切的联系并回应孩子，以及由此而引发的对孩子的负面影响；第三段讲述了孩子的成长过程中需要父母的陪伴与认同；第四段讲述了孩子在情绪和行为方面会效仿父母以及父母应当避免负面的情绪和行为被孩子效仿；末段讲述了父母还应教会孩子解决实际问题的技能。由此可知，文章主要讲了父母应该与孩子互动，并积极回应他们。故选C。
32．推理判断题。根据最后一段“As kids becme better at managing their feelings and behavir, it’s imprtant t help them develp cping skills, like active prblem slving. Such skills can help them feel cnfident in handling what cmes their way.(随着孩子们越来越善于管理自己的情绪和行为，帮助他们发展应对技能是很重要的，比如积极主动地解决问题。这样的技能可以帮助他们在处理自己面临的问题时感到自信。)”可知，此处讲述了父母帮助孩子发展解决问题的技能很重要，由此可推测，作者接下来会谈及如何培养孩子解决实际问题的技能。故选B。
9（2023·全国·模拟预测）There has been a bitter argument within the Australian cmmunity ver a hrse racing event advertised n the Sydney Opera Huse. While sme believe the Opera Huse is Australia’s “biggest billbard (大幅广告牌)” and shuld be used fr ecnmic gain, thers are shcked that the gvernment has allwed the natinal landmark t be plluted with branding.
As a UNESCO Wrld Heritage Site, the Sydney Opera Huse is an imprtant Australian building recgnized all ver the wrld and ne f the cuntry’s mst frequently visited turist attractins. In the past, the Opera Huse has been used t prmte a handful f charities, cultural festivals, etc. Hwever, these have aimed t highlight events that bring advantage t rdinary peple, nt a single prfiting brand.
Sme have argued that prmting brands n the sails f the Opera Huse is just like advertising n any ther billbard r marketing space with the pwer t significantly encurage turism and grwth. While this may be true, if advertising cntinues t happen, the Opera Huse culd risk lsing its reputatin, which culd devalue the landmark and actually damage its turism appeal.
Althugh landmarks arund the wrld such as the Eiffel Twer and Mscw’s Red Square have been used fr advertising, they als caused sme arguments amng the public. Fr instance, a majr fashin brand placed a giant branded suitcase in the center f Mscw’s Red Square; hwever, it was remved shrtly afterwards as turists cmplained it was s big that it blcked views f majr landmark sites. The advertisement caused arguments amng the public and finally failed t leave a psitive impact.
S what will advertising n the Opera Huse lk like t internatinal turists? Will they be amazed and drawn t a wnderful cuntry, r will they see advertising as smething reducing the cultural value f a natinal symbl? We think it’s clear that ur natinal treasures deserve the respect and admiratin that cme with them, and advertising shuld be limited t imprtant causes, nt campaigns fr cmmercial gain.
33．What caused the heated debate amng Australians?
A．The biggest billbard at the Opera Huse.
B．The Opera Huse’s being used fr advertising.
C．The hrse racing event held at the Opera Huse.
D．The famus natinal landmark’s being plluted.
34．What can be learned abut the previus activities at the Opera Huse?
A．They were in the public interest.
B．They caught internatinal attentin.
C．They were designed t attract turists.
D．They brught great ecnmic benefits.
35．Why des the authr mentin the example f Mscw’s Red Square?
A．T present hw cmpanies benefit frm attractins.
B．T stress the varius types f prmtins in attractins.
C．T explain why turists dislike billbards n landmarks.
D．T shw the negative effects f advertising n landmarks.
36．What is the authr’s attitude tward the cmmercial act mentined at the beginning?
A．Favurable.B．Dubtful.C．Intlerant.D．Objective.
【答案】33．B 34．A 35．D 36．C
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。一个在悉尼歌剧院投放的商业活动推广广告引发了公众的热议。作者认为人们应当尊重国家的瑰宝，而不是通过它们获取经济利益。
33．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“There has been a bitter argument within the Australian cmmunity ver a hrse racing event advertised n the Sydney Opera Huse. (对于悉尼歌剧院广告中的赛马活动，澳大利亚社区内部一直存在激烈的争论。)”可知，悉尼歌剧院的赛马活动广告引起了澳大利亚人的激烈争论。故选B项。
34．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“In the past, the Opera Huse has been used t prmte a handful f charities, cultural festivals, etc. Hwever, these have aimed t highlight events that bring advantage t rdinary peple, nt a single prfiting brand.(过去，歌剧院曾被用来宣传一些慈善机构、文化节等。然而，这些活动旨在突出为普通人带来优势的活动，而不是一个盈利的品牌。)”可知，之前在悉尼歌剧院举行的活动都是符合公众利益的。故选A项。
35．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Fr instance, a majr fashin brand placed a giant branded suitcase in the center f Mscw’s Red Square; hwever, it was remved shrtly afterwards as turists cmplained it was s big that it blcked views f majr landmark sites. The advertisement caused arguments amng the public and finally failed t leave a psitive impact.(例如，一个主要时尚品牌在莫斯科红场中心放置了一个巨大的品牌手提箱；然而，不久之后，由于游客抱怨它太大，挡住了主要地标的视线，它被拆除了。这则广告引起了公众的争论，最终未能留下积极的影响。)”以及第三段中的“While this may be true, if advertising cntinues t happen, the Opera Huse culd risk lsing its reputatin, which culd devalue the landmark and actually damage its turism appeal.(虽然这可能是真的，但如果广告继续出现，歌剧院可能会面临失去声誉的风险，这可能会使这座地标贬值，并实际损害其旅游吸引力。)”可知，作者提及莫斯科红场的例子是为了说明将地标用于商业宣传，最终会带来负面影响。故选D项。
36．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“We think it’s clear that ur natinal treasures deserve the respect and admiratin that cme with them, and advertising shuld be limited t imprtant causes, nt campaigns fr cmmercial gain.(我们认为，很明显，我们的国宝值得尊敬和钦佩，广告应该仅限于重要的事业，而不是为了商业利益而进行的活动。)”可知，作者对文章开头提到的商业行为（即在悉尼歌剧院进行商业活动宣传与推广）持反对意见。故选C。
10（2023·四川·校联考模拟预测）The clning technlgy has arused heated discussins amng peple. Sme f them speak highly f the technlgy by claiming that it ffers a way fr human beings t cnquer their wn genetic defects. Others cnsider it an gre (食人恶魔) wh will destry us all in the end.
FOR
◆ Clning is imprtant fr wmen wh are single t have a child, using clning instead f artificial inseminatin (授精). Clning culd als prvide a cpy f a child fr a cuple whse child died.
◆ Anther gal f clning is t prduce livestck (家畜) with ideal characters fr agriculture and industry and t be able t manufacture bilgical prducts such as prteins fr humans.
◆ Clning culd be used in varius ways t benefit the lives f humans.
◆ It may prvide a way fr cmpletely sterile individuals t reprduce! It may prvide a way fr hmsexual cuples t reprduce themselves, and it will prbably prvide a valuable basic research and pssibly spin ff technlgies related t reprductin and develpment.
◆ Clning wuld als mean that rgans culd be clned, s it wuld be a surce f perfect rgans fr transplant. This surely wuld be immensely beneficial t millins f unfrtunate peple wh are expected t lse their lives due t failure f a single rgan r mre rgans.
AGAINST
◆ Clning wuld intervene in the nrmal cycle f life. There wuld be a large number f identical (相同的) genes, which minimizes (使减少到最低限度) the chances f mutatin (变异), and, in turn, evlutin—the fundamental reasn why living things naturally adapt t the ever-changing envirnment.
◆ With genetic engineering and human clning it is pssible t use these in the arsenal (兵工厂) f ethnic cleansing (清洗) creating inequality in ur sciety, which wuld be the beginning f many wars.
◆ Anther argument against clning is that it wuld be available nly t the wealthy and therefre wuld increase scial inequality.
◆ If the technlgy were t be s, scientists culd transfer human genes int animals’ and vice versa, which wuld heighten the danger f develping znses, diseases that are transmitted frm animals t humans. It culd create a wrldwide catastrphe that n ne wuld be able t stp.
◆ Genetic engineering will cause unseen disasters spiraling ur wrld int chatic darkness.
◆ Clning dead lved nes will nt bring them back; they may lk like them, but they will have a different persnality.
37．If a single lady wants a baby but she des nt accept artificial inseminatin, she might ________.
A．think abut clning technlgy t cpy ne
B．be against having a child frm clning technlgy
C．prduce livestck with ideal characters
D．speak little f the clning technlgy
38．The purpse f the writer writing the passage is t ________.
A．encurage us t supprt the ideas f FOR
B．advise us t accept the ideas f AGAINST
C．tell us t understand the ideas f FOR and AGAINST crrectly
D．intrduce us t remember the ideas f FOR and AGAINST
39．What’s the authr’s attitude twards clning?
A．Favrable.B．Objective.C．Critical.D．Dubtful.
40．What wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A．Hw many advantages are there?B．Hw many disadvantages are there?
C．Which side is wrng?D．Which side are yu with?
【答案】37．A 38．C 39．B 40．D
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍了支持和反对克隆技术的不同观点和意见。
37．细节理解题。根据FOR项第一条中的“Clning is imprtant fr wmen wh are single t have a child, using clning instead f artificial inseminatin (授精).(克隆技术对单身女性生孩子很重要，用克隆技术代替人工授精)”可知，如果一位单身女性想生孩子但是不接受人工授精，她可以考虑用克隆技术克隆出一个孩子，故选A。
38．推理判断题。根据全文大意，尤其是第一段“The clning technlgy has arused heated discussins amng peple. Sme f them speak highly f the technlgy by claiming that it ffers a way fr human beings t cnquer their wn genetic defects. Others cnsider it an gre (食人恶魔) wh will destry us all in the end.(克隆技术引起了人们的热烈讨论。他们中的一些人高度赞扬这项技术，声称它为人类提供了一种克服自身基因缺陷的方法。其他人认为它是食人魔，最终会毁灭我们所有人。)”可知，本文的写作目的就是让大家正确认识人们对克隆技术所持的赞同与反对的观点。故选C。
39．推理判断题。根据全文可知，作者只是列举了对克隆技术的正反两种观点，所以对此持客观态度，故选B。
40．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“The clning technlgy has arused heated discussins amng peple. Sme f them speak highly f the technlgy by claiming that it ffers a way fr human beings t cnquer their wn genetic defects. Others cnsider it an gre (食人恶魔) wh will destry us all in the end.(克隆技术引起了人们的热烈讨论。他们中的一些人高度赞扬这项技术，声称它为人类提供了一种克服自身基因缺陷的方法。其他人认为它是食人魔，最终会毁灭我们所有人。)”可知，文章从FOR与AGAINST两个角度陈述了人们对克隆技术持有的不同观点，因此D项“Which side are yu with?(你赞成哪一边？)”为最佳标题。故选D。