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湖南省长沙市长郡中学2023-2024学年高二上学期期末英语试题（Word版附解析）
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这是一份湖南省长沙市长郡中学2023-2024学年高二上学期期末英语试题（Word版附解析），文件包含湖南省长沙市长郡中学2023-2024学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题原卷版docx、湖南省长沙市长郡中学2023-2024学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题Word版含解析docx、1mp3、10mp3、2mp3、3mp3、4mp3、5mp3、6mp3、7mp3、8mp3、9mp3等12份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共40页， 欢迎下载使用。
时量：120分钟 满分：150分
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：Hw much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9. 15.
答案是C。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What is the pssible relatinship between the tw speakers?
A. Dctr and patient.B. Mther and sn.C. Teacher and student.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: Yu were absent frm class yesterday, Sandy. Where were yu?
M: I culdn’t cme, Mrs. Hart. I hurt my left ft and my mther tk me t the dctr.
2. 此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What did the speakers plan t d befre they heard the weather frecast?
A. G sailing.B. G swimming.C. Watch TV.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: There was a typhn warning n the radi this mrning. Did yu happen t be watching TV?
M: Yes. S I think we’ll have t change ur plan fr sailing. What abut swimming indrs?
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What can we infer frm the cnversatin?
A. The man is a ftball fan.
B. The man ften has pwer failures.
C. The man didn’t watch TV last night.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: Yu dn’t lk very happy. Cme n, what has happened?
M: I had never expected this wuld have happened t me. We had a pwer failure at hme last night and I missed mst f the ftball match.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What des the man think f the wman’s car?
A. It desn’t run quite well.
B. Its appearance needs imprving.
C. It requires a thrugh repair.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: Hw d yu like the car I just bught?
M: Well, it seems t run well, but I think it needs a new paint jb.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What shuld the wman d accrding t the man?
A. Bring her pet dg t the cuntryside.
B. Try t vercme her wn depressin.
C. Just take it easy.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: It seems my pet dg desn’t like the new place. He seemed t be happy all day in the cuntryside.
M: Just ignre it. I still remember yu were unhappy when yu first mved here, but yu are happy nw. He is sure t vercme it in a week r tw.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. What is the wman ding?
A. Renewing her passprt.
B. Applying fr a first-time passprt.
C. Applying fr a replacement passprt.
7. Hw lng will the wman have t wait fr the passprt?
A. Abut ne week.B. Abut tw weeks.C. Abut ne mnth.
【答案】6. A 7. B
【解析】
【原文】W: Hi, there. Where can I apply fr my passprt?
M: That depends n which ne yu need. Are yu applying fr the first time, are yu renewing an existing passprt, r are yu applying fr a replacement passprt?
W: I already have a passprt, but its effective perid is due at the end f the mnth.
M: OK. First yu need t take a number. Then fill ut this frm and wait until yur number is called.
W: OK, thanks. Is there any chance I culd get this back within a week?
M: Unfrtunately, the fastest service is 10 business days. That means yu shuld have it by the 20th f this mnth.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. What des the man think he is like?
A. Lving.B. Gentle.C. Happy.
9. Hw many red rses is the man buying?
A. Five.B. Six.C. Ten.
【答案】8. C 9. C
【解析】
【原文】M: I wuld like t buy sme flwers fr my wife’s birthday. What d yu suggest?
W: Well, what clrs wuld yu like?
M: Oh, just mix them up a bit s they lk nice.
W: But dn’t yu want t chse the clrs? Different clrs f flwers mean different things, yu knw.
M: Really? Give me sme examples.
W: Well, red is the clr f lve, pink is the clr f gentleness but white can mean either purity r sadness.
M: What abut yellw? That’s my favrite clr.
W: That is the clr f happiness.
M: Hw strange! That really des sum up my character.
W: Then yu knw the main clr yu shuld chse.
M: I d. I’ ll have five yellw rses, twice as many red nes and six pink nes.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
10. Which f the fllwing statements abut Rainbw Café is TRUE?
A. The delivery cst is $ 20.
B. The lunch csts $ 300.
C. Only rdinary sandwiches are served.
11. Why des the wman prefer Rainbw Café t Lunch Bx?
A. Because f the free delivery.
B. Because f the nicer fd.
C. Because f the cnvenient lcatin.
12. What is Rainbw Café’s telephne number?
A. 857 1395.B. 848 6932.C. 848 9632.
【答案】10. B 11. B 12. C
【解析】
【原文】W: Hell, Raman. I’ve heard yu were asking t rder lunch fr ur training sessin.
M: Yes. I have tw prices and I’m nt sure which ne t chse.
W: OK.
M: The first ne is frm Rainbw Café, which is $ 300. And the delivery is free.
W: They’ re just in High Street, aren’t they?
M: That’s right. The ther price is $ 260, frm Lunch Bx. But yu have t pay delivery and that’s $ 20.
W: I think they’ re near the capital bank. Are there any differences between the tw types f fd?
M: Well, Rainbw Café has bacn sandwiches besides rdinary nes. And als yu can get tmates, cabbages, nins and s n.
W: Then I prefer Rainbw Café, thugh it’s mre expensive. And it has much nicer fd fr the mney.
M: OK. Let’s rder frm Rainbw Café.
W: D yu have the telephne number?
M: Yes. it’s 857 1395. Ah, n, that’s the manager f Lunch Bx. Rainbw Café’s is 848 9632. I’ll call them nw.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
13 What was Gerge R. R. Martin like when he was yung?
A. He was ppular with his classmates.
B. He didn’t have many friends.
C. He lved t play sprts.
14. What did Gerge R. R. Martin first write abut?
A. Turtles.B. Dragns.C. Spiders.
15. Wh was Gerge R. R. Martin mst inspired by?
A. A famus actr.B. A cmic bk writer.C. A si-fi mvie directr.
16. What will Gerge R. R. Martin prbably say next abut Game f Thrnes?
A. What its final seasn is abut.
B. Hw actrs play in the final seasn.
C. Why the shws f the final seasn becme less.
【答案】13. B 14. A 15. B 16. C
【解析】
【原文】W: Tday’s guest is the authr f A Sng f Ice and Fire series, nw a ppular televisin series called Game f Thrnes. Please welcme Gerge R. R. Martin. S Gerge, tell us a bit abut yur childhd.
M: Well, I wasn’t a typical kid. Mst f my classmates were int athletics and chasing girls. I mstly kept t myself.
W: Were yu always interested in writing?
M: Yes. I started writing when I was abut 10.
W: Yu write a lt abut dragns. Did yu write abut them in yur early bks as well?
M: Actually, I began with writing abut my pet turtles. They lived in a castle in my turtle tank. I imagined they were all fighting each ther t becme the king.
W: That sunds a lt like Game f Thrnes.
M: I had ther influences, t. One was the fantasy writer J. R. R. Tlkien. But Stan Lee, the creatr f the Spider-Man cartn bks, had the mst impact n me.
W: In the seventh seasn f Game f Thrnes, there were nly seven shws instead f the regular ten. Hw many will there be fr the final seasn?
M: One less than last seasn.
W: Can yu tell us the reasn?
M: Well, yu can guess at first.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. What will the weather be like tmrrw?
A. Ht.B. Cld.C. Wet.
18. Wh has been warned abut windy weather?
A. Rail travelers.B. Air travelers.C. Car travelers.
19. What happened in April last year?
A. High winds.B. A drught.C. Flds.
20. Hw ften are the news summaries bradcast?
A. Every hur.B. Every tw hurs.C. Every three hurs.
【答案】17. A 18. C 19. C 20. A
【解析】
【原文】M: Here is tday’s weather reprt by Tny Hendersn. The heatwave has cntinued thrughut the cuntry tday, with n sign f the rain and clder weather we expect at this time f year. It will be the same stry fr the next cuple f days, after which we can expect strng winds t bring in sme much cler cnditins. Winds as strng as the nes predicted smetimes cause prblems with air and train travel, althugh n warnings have been issued yet. Hwever, plice have advised car drivers t take care in expsed areas. After the windy spell, the weather shuld calm dwn. While there certainly wn’t be a drught, it will be quite dry, with n risk f the flding we saw in April last year. Tune in fr ur next hurly news summaries. Traffic news will be updated every tw hurs and yu might be interested t knw that there’s a special weather dcumentary in three hurs.
第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Every event here features a nted scientist wh discusses a different csmic (宇宙的) tpic. They will be presented with a live stream t ur Science Wrld fficial website and questins can be asked in the website chat.
Black Hles
7:30 PM-8:30 PM, May. 19, 2023
Descriptin: Mst galaxies (星系) have a supermassive black hle at their center. These black hles help determine hw galaxies will develp ver time. Jin Dr. Ansel Netscher fr an utline f black hles. Yu can als explre hw supermassive black hles may decide the develpment f galaxies.
The Webb Imagery
8:00 PM-9:30 PM, May. 28, 2023
Descriptin: The amazing visins have attracted the wrld. But there’s a lng and invlved prcess by which scientists’ black-and-white bservatinal data is transfrmed int dynamic clr imagery fr the public. Jin image specialist Ralph Wilsn as he discusses the art and science f translating infrared light.
Hunt fr Distant Wrlds
7:00 PM-8:00 PM, Jun. 3, 2023
Descriptin: Since the discvery f the first planet rbiting a Sun-like star in 1995, mre than 4, 000 explanets have been fund. These widespread planet systems cnfirm that ur slar system is just ne f many in ur Milky Way galaxy. The discvery f such systems has prvided interesting insights, challenging ur views abut hw planet systems frm and develp. Jin Dr. Amanda Garcia as she describes the scientific hunt fr these distant wrlds.
Mars and Beynd
10:00 AM-11:30 AM, Jun.4, 2023
Descriptin: Will we ever reach Mars? And what will it take t travel t ther stars? Dr. Camille Lpez will meet these questins with a speech f what we can expect in the next 30 years. It’s based n what is practical and reasnable when we cnsider the bilgical, ecnmic, and philsphical cncerns that cnnect with the engineering challenges f space habitatin and explratin.
21. Interested in the develpment f planet r star system, yu can chse ________.
① Black Hles
② The Webb Imagery
③ Hunt fr Distant Wrlds
④ Mars and Beynd
A. ①④B. ②④C. ①③D. ②③
22. What will yu learn frm Mars and Beynd?
A. Prspect f space travel.B. Applicatin f art t science.
C. The rigin and future f Mars.D. Detailed plan f space habitatin.
23. What is the main purpse f the passage?
A. T publicize nline public lectures.
B. T cmpare events f studying science.
C T stress the imprtance f space explratin.
D. T expand peple’s knwledge abut universe.
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个网上讲座的情况。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Black Hles部分中“These black hles help determine hw galaxies will develp ver time.(这些黑洞有助于确定星系如何随着时间的推移而发展)”以及Hunt fr Distant Wrlds部分中“The discvery f such systems has prvided interesting insights, challenging ur views abut hw planet systems frm and develp.(这些系统的发现提供了有趣的见解，挑战了我们关于行星系统如何形成和发展的观点)”可知，对行星或恒星系统的发展感兴趣，可以选择Black Hles和Hunt fr Distant Wrlds。故选C。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一部分“Descriptin: Will we ever reach Mars? And what will it take t travel t ther stars? Dr. Camille Lpez will meet these questins with a speech f what we can expect in the next 30 years.(我们会到达火星吗？去其他星球旅行需要什么？卡米尔·洛佩斯博士将在演讲中回答这些问题，讲述我们对未来30年的期望)”可知，可以从Mars and Beynd了解到太空旅行的前景。故选A。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Every event here features a nted scientist wh discusses a different csmic (宇宙的) tpic. They will be presented with a live stream t ur Science Wrld fficial website and questins can be asked in the website chat.(这里的每个活动都有一位著名的科学家来讨论不同的宇宙主题。他们将在我们的科学世界官方网站上进行直播，并可以在网站聊天中提出问题)”结合文章主要介绍了四个网上讲座的情况。可推知，文章的主要目的是宣传网上公开讲座。故选A。
B
Hanan Al Hrub, frm Bethlehem in the West Bank, was awarded the Glbal Teacher Prize at a ceremny in Dubai. Hrub accepted the award “as a win fr all teachers in general and Palestinian teachers in particular”.
Hrub became a teacher after her children and husband were sht n their way hme frm schl. “It changed my children’s behavir, persnalities and studies,” she said in a vide. “I felt that I was alne in getting my children thrugh this. N teacher had helped me get my children back n track.”
With n help frm the educatin system, Hrub decided t teach her children n her wn. She started inventing games at hme and inviting their neighbrs’ children t participate. Gradually, her children’s behavir and grades began t imprve. Nw she teaches by using playing and learning at schl t help children fight vilence. “Sme children may nt directly experience vilence in ur cuntry. Hwever, they see it n the screens and in scial media and that still affects them,” Hrub said.
“I tell all the teachers, whether they are Palestinian r frm arund the wrld that ‘Our jb is humane and its gals are nble. We must teach ur children that their nly weapn is knwledge.’ Teachers culd change the wrld.”
Ppe Francis annunced in a vide cnference that Hrub had wn the award. Francis said that a part f educatin is t teach children hw t play in rder t learn the jy f life and that teachers are the builders f peace and unity. “I wuld like t cngratulate Hanan Al Hrub fr winning this prize due t the imprtance that she gave t the rle f playing in child’s educatin,” Francis said.
24. Why did Hanan Al Hrub becme a teacher?
A. T teach children t keep away frm vilence.
B. T ease the effect f vilence n her children.
C. T prmte educatin level fr children.
D. T intrduce a new methd f educatin.
25. Hw des Hrub educate children?
A. By learning and creating.
B. By watching and learning.
C. By participating and cperating.
D. By playing and learning.
26. What is Hrub’s attitude twards her jb?
A. Objective.B. Disappinted.C. Faithful.D. Cautius.
27. What d the wrds f Hrub and Ppe Francis have in cmmn in the last tw paragraphs?
A. They bth valued teachers.
B. They were bth against vilence.
C. They bth expressed hpes fr children.
D. They bth shwed their feelings abut the prize.
【答案】24. B 25. D 26. C 27. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。讲述了全球教师奖获得者Hanan Al Hrub 以及她背后的故事。
【详解】1.推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“I felt that I was alne in getting my children thrugh this. N teacher had helped me get my children back n track. (我觉得我独自一人让我的孩子们经历这些。没有老师帮助我让我的孩子们回到正轨。)”和第三段中的“With n help frm the educatin system, Hrub decided t teach her children n her wn.(由于没有教育系统的帮助，Hrub决定自己教孩子。)”可知，Hrub认为在帮助她的孩子度过暴力带来的影响的过程中，她是孤独的。没有老师帮助她将她的孩子带回正轨。由于教育系统没有给 Hrub 提供帮助，Hrub决定自己教育孩子。由此可见Hrub成为老师是为了减轻暴力对她的孩子的影响，故选B项。
2.细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“Nw she teaches by using playing and learning at schl t help children fight vilence. (现在，她通过在学校玩耍和学习来帮助孩子们对抗暴力。)”可知，现在Hrub在学校用玩游戏和学习的方式教学，帮助孩子对抗暴力。故选D项。
3.推理判断题。从文章第四段Hrub的话语“I tell all the teachers, whether they are Palestinian r frm arund the wrld that ‘Our jb is humane and its gals are nble. We must teach ur children that their nly weapn is knwledge.’ Teachers culd change the wrld.(我告诉所有的老师，不管他们是巴勒斯坦人还是来自世界各地，“我们的工作是人道的，我们的目标是崇高的。我们必须教育我们的孩子，他们唯一的武器是知识。”教师可以改变世界。)”中可以看出，她认为教师的工作是人道的，其目标是崇高的。教师必须让孩子们知道他们唯一的武器是知识。教师可以改变世界。由此可见Hrub对教师这份工作是充满信念感的，故选C项。
4.推理判断题，根据文章第四段中的“Teachers culd change the wrld. (教师可以改变世界)”和第五段中的“teachers are the builders f peace and unity (教师是和平与团结的缔造者)”可知，Hrub认为教师可以改变世界，Ppe Francis 认为教师是和平和团结的缔造者。由此可见两人的话语中都表达了他们重视教师的态度，故选A项。
C
During the 2020 Olympics in Tky, there was a lt f talk abut the envirnmental effrts taken. Athletes slept n beds made frm recycled cardbard. The medals were prduced ut f ld appliances such as smartphnes and laptps. Over 90% f Japanese cities, twns and villages participated in the tw-year effrt t cllect recycled materials t prduce 5000 medals. Eighty tns f small electrical devices were cllected t make this prject successful.
With the 2024 Olympics Games underway in Paris, new envirnmental effrts are cming int play. Observers will sit n chairs made f plastic recycled frm lcal bins. This decisin was made due t a lack f unused raw materials t make new seats, s the ec-cnstructin firm Le Pave turned t make the seats ut f waste. Arund 11,000 seats will be made frm recycled materials.
The plastic cllectin fr Paris 2024 has been carried ut in the regin’s schls, and ver five millin clured bttle caps have been recvered. Mrever, 80% f the 100 tns f recycled plastic needed t make the seats cme frm the yellw bins cllectins. This is all part f the Paris 2024 “zer waste” strategy t limit single-use plastic usage and encurage a circular ecnmy.
The Olympic Games rganizers are planning t make the Paris 2024 Games the greenest Olympic Games yet. They intend t emply a carbn-neutral apprach that will lessen the climate impact f the Games by predicting, aviding, reducing and balancing emissins and encuraging thers t get invlved. The Summer Games have emitted 3.6 millin tns f carbn emissins in previus years. The Paris 2024 Games has set a carbn budget f 1.5 millin tns which includes the emissins frm cnstructin, transprtatin and peratins f the Games.
These plans are ambitius but are achievable. If Paris 2024 successfully reduces emissins and prmtes a circular ecnmy, it might set the standard fr future Olympic and Paralympic Games, regardless f where they are held.
28. What were the 2020 Olympics medals made frm?
A. Raw metal.B. Recycled cardbard.
C. Reused plastic.D. Used electrnic devices.
29. What is the purpse f the Paris 2024 “zer waste” strategy?
A. T stp carbn emissins.B. T make seats fr athletes.
C. T cllect clured bttle caps.D. T restrict single-use plastic usage.
30. What d the underlined wrds “carbn neutral apprach” in paragraph 4 refer t?
A. Limitatin t single-use plastics.B. Reductin f carbn emissins.
C. Prmtin f recycling in schl.D. Encuragement f a circular ecnmy.
31. What is the authr’s attitude t the plans fr the Paris 2024 Games?
A. Favrable.B. Intlerant.C. Dubtful.D. Unclear.
【答案】28. D 29. D 30. B 31. A
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了2024年巴黎奥运会的环保理念和计划。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“The medals were prduced ut f ld appliances such as smartphnes and laptps.(奖牌是由旧电器制作而成的，比如说手机和平板电脑。)”可知，东京奥运会的奖牌是由废旧电器制作的，是由二手的电子设备制作而成的，故选D。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“This is all part f the Paris 2024 “zer waste” strategy t limit single-use plastic usage and encurage a circular ecnmy.(这都是来自2024巴黎奥运会的“零废弃”策略，其目的是为了限制一次性塑料的使用，并鼓励循环经济。)”可知，“零废弃”策略的目的是为了限制一次性塑料的使用，故选D。
【30题详解】
词句猜测题。根据文章第四段划线短语carbn-neutral apprach后的内容“that will lessen the climate impact f the Games by predicting, aviding, reducing and balancing emissins and encuraging thers t get invlved.(通过预测、避免、减少和平衡碳排放，并鼓励其他国家参与的方式来减轻奥运会对气候的影响。)”对划线短语carbn-neutral apprach的解释可知，这一方法是通过减少碳排放的方式来减轻奥运会对气候的影响，carbn-neutral apprach故指的是“减少碳排放”，故选B。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“These plans are ambitius but are achievable. If Paris 2024 successfully reduces emissins and prmtes a circular ecnmy, it might set the standard fr future Olympic and Paralympic Games, regardless f where they are held.(这些计划雄心勃勃，但却是可以实现的。如果2024年巴黎奥运会成功地减少了碳排放，促进了循环经济，无论在哪里举行奥运会，它可能就为以后的奥运会和残奥会制定了标准。)”可知，在作者看来2024年巴黎奥运会的这些计划雄心勃勃的，但却是可实现的，而且作者还期待它为以后的奥运会指定标准，故作者对2024巴黎奥运会的这些计划是支持的，故选A。
D
Research n the effects f age n language learning ften leads t claims that it’s impssible t learn a language after the age f 18, yet these claims lack scientific evidence. While certain language prcessing functins peak during childhd, thers develp later, with sme even experiencing a new grwth between the ages f 50 and 75.
The definitin f language learning and its gals als play a significant rle. If the aim is t participate cmfrtably in daily scial interactins, research suggests that fluency in a new language can be achieved at any age with sufficient study and expsure.
Learning a language at different stages f life cmes with advantages and disadvantages. Starting befre the age f 10 allws fr the ptential f acquiring a native-like accent. Hwever, intrducing a secnd language t children late in verbal(言语的)develpment may pse challenges.
Between the ages f 10 and 18, there is a unique pprtunity t intuitively(直觉地)understand grammar and develp a cmprehensive and uncnscius understanding f a new language’s rules. Language acquisitin during this perid can als bst cnfidence and encurage a reflective attitude twards language changes.
Studying an additinal language in adulthd invlves mre translatin and a tendency t think in ne’s native language first. Language anxiety and hesitatin may als arise. Hwever, adulthd ffers advantages such as peak cmmunicatin skills, literary knwledge, and sci-cultural understanding.
Learning a new language at the age f 50 and abve may be advantageus in terms f certain mental skills that cntinue t imprve until the mid-t-late 70s. This age grup can quickly grasp the basics f a language, althugh mre research is needed t cnfirm this thery.
In summary, learning a language is a lifelng prcess. While certain aspects may becme mre challenging with age, there is n age limit that makes language learning futile. Achieving an intermediate level in a target language can be rewarding, even if sme mistakes are made. Starting early can enhance phnlgy and grammar skills, but cntinued expsure and usage thrughut life are vital fr becming a cmfrtable speaker. Ultimately, it’s never t late t start r relearn a language.
32. In which situatin can ne achieve fluency in a new language at any age?
A. In grammar class.B. In writing practice.
C. In vcabulary research.D. In everyday cmmunicatin.
33. Which f the fllwing can we learn abut language learning?
A. Early learning delays children’s language develpment.
B. Learning during teenage years helps build up cnfidence.
C. Learners beynd fifty can gain literary knwledge quickly.
D. Learning in adulthd helps t acquire peak translatin skills.
34. What des the underlined wrd “futile” in Para 7 mean?
A. Fruitless.B. Cmplex.C. Time-cnsuming.D. Painful.
35. What’s the best title fr the text?
A. Why Language Learning Has Age Limits
B. Why Age Plays a Vital Rle in Language Learning
C. Hw Language Learning Occurs at Different Life Stages
D. Hw Learning a Language Changes Depending n Yur Age
【答案】32. D 33. B 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了学习语言的能力是如何根据年龄变化的。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“If the aim is t participate cmfrtably in daily scial interactins, research suggests that fluency in a new language can be achieved at any age with sufficient study and expsure.(如果目标是舒适地参与日常社交活动，研究表明，只要有充分的学习和接触，任何年龄的人都可以流利地掌握一门新语言)”可知，在日常交流中，一个人在任何年龄都能流利地掌握一门新语言。故选D项。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Between the ages f 10 and 18, there is a unique pprtunity t intuitively understand grammar and develp a cmprehensive and uncnscius understanding f a new language’s rules. Language acquisitin during this perid can als bst cnfidence and encurage a reflective attitude twards language changes.(在10到18岁之间，有一个独特的机会直观地理解语法，并对一门新语言的规则形成全面而无意识的理解。在这一时期的语言习得也可以增强信心，并鼓励对语言变化的反思态度)”可知，在青少年时期学习语言有助于建立自信。故选B项。
【34题详解】
词义猜测题。根据文章划线词前“While certain aspects may becme mre challenging with age, there is n age limit(虽然某些方面可能会随着年龄的增长而变得更具挑战性，但没有年龄限制)”及后文“Achieving an intermediate level in a target language can be rewarding, even if sme mistakes are made.(达到目标语言的中级水平是值得的，即使会犯一些错误)”可知，年龄增长虽然对于学习语言更有挑战性，但是这种限制不会使得语言学习不成功。fruitless“没有结果的、不成功的”与划线词为近义词。故选A项。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Research n the effects f age n language learning ften leads t claims that it’s impssible t learn a language after the age f 18, yet these claims lack scientific evidence. While certain language prcessing functins peak during childhd, thers develp later, with sme even experiencing a new grwth between the ages f 50 and 75.(关于年龄对语言学习的影响的研究经常导致人们声称18岁以后就不可能学习一门语言了，然而这些说法缺乏科学证据。虽然某些语言处理功能在儿童时期达到顶峰，但其他功能的发展较晚，有些人甚至在50至75岁之间经历了新的增长)”及下文可知，本文说明了学习语言的能力是如何根据年龄变化的，D选项“学习语言如何随年龄变化”适合作为最佳标题。故选D项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
At the end f a lng day, yu might want t sit in frnt f the TV and watch a favrite shw.___36___ Settling dwn with a cup f lemn tea r reading a bk can tell ur bdy it’s time t sleep. If yu turn these activities int ritual (仪式) — that is, if yu d them every night arund the same time — yu will be all the mre likely t get the rest yu need.
A bedtime ritual is imprtant nt nly because it prepares yu fr sleep but als because it helps develp healthy sleep habits. If yur current habits dn’t supprt gd sleep, a bedtime ritual can help yu make necessary changes. ___37___ Wrry can make it hard t fall asleep at night, but fr sme peple, anxiety at bedtime is cmmn. Rituals can prvide cmfrt by ffering predictability and structure. Sme rituals, such as writing diaries, might als relieve anxiety by giving the writer a sense f meaning.
___38___ Cnsider trying several bedtime rituals befre settling n a cnsistent rutine. What’s imprtant is figuring ut what wrks fr yu. Start ut with tw r three activities accrding t yur needs and preferences. If yu enjy exercise and mvement, try yga r gentle stretching. ___39___ If classical music calms yu, turn n sme Bach r Mzart enjying a bath.
Whether yur bedtime ritual takes place in bed r smewhere else, make sure yur envirnment is relaxing. Wear cmfrtable clthes r pajamas, curl up under a czy blanket. and keep the lights lw. ___40___
A. Bedtime rituals can als help yu reduce anxiety.
B. Fr adults, bedtime rituals typically last 30 minutes t an hur.
C. But ding sme bedtime activities culd actually help yu sleep better.
D. Then when the time cmes t fall asleep, yu’ll be ready.
E. There’s n fixed mdel fr the perfect bedtime ritual.
F. Evidence indicates that peple wh read a bk in bed have better sleep quality.
G. If yu find cmfrt in rder, create a t-d list fr the next day.
【答案】36. C 37. A 38. E 39. G 40. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了睡前仪式以及它的重要性。
【36题详解】
上文“At the end f a lng day, yu might want t sit in frnt f the TV and watch a favrite shw.(在漫长的一天结束后，你可能想坐在电视机前看一个最喜欢的节目)”说明睡前我们可能会做的具体活动。空处承上启下。C项中的“ding sme bedtime activities”和上文“sit in frnt f the TV and watch a favrite shw.”相呼应，“help yu sleep better”和下文中的“can tell ur bdy it’s time t sleep”相呼应，说明做一些睡前活动实际上可以帮助你睡得更好。所以，C项“But ding sme bedtime activities culd actually help yu sleep better.（但是做一些睡前活动实际上可以帮助你睡得更好。）”填入空格处，符合语境。故选C。
【37题详解】
上文“If yur current habits dn’t supprt gd sleep, a bedtime ritual can help yu make necessary changes.(如果你目前的习惯不支持良好的睡眠，睡前仪式可以帮助你做出必要的改变)”说明了睡前仪式的作用。空处和前文为递进关系，进一步说明睡眠仪式的作用。A项中的als和前文形成递进关系，“help yu reduce anxiety”和前文“can help yu make necessary changes”相呼应，说明睡前仪式也可以帮助你减少焦虑。所以，A项“Bedtime rituals can als help yu reduce anxiety.（睡前习惯也可以帮助你减少焦虑。）”填入空格处，符合语境。故选A。
【38题详解】
下文“Cnsider trying several bedtime rituals befre settling n a cnsistent rutine. What’s imprtant is figuring ut what wrks fr yu. Start ut with tw r three activities accrding t yur needs and preferences.(在养成一个连贯的作息习惯之前，可以考虑尝试几个睡前仪式。重要的是弄清楚什么对你有效。根据你的需求和喜好，从两到三项活动开始)”说明本段主要讲述了根据你的需要和喜好确定一个睡前仪式，即没有一个固定的模式。E项“完美的就寝仪式没有固定的模式。”适合作本段的主旨句，统领全段。故选E。
【39题详解】
上文“If yu enjy exercise and mvement, try yga r gentle stretching. (如果你喜欢锻炼和运动，可以试试瑜伽或轻柔的伸展运动)”以及下文“If classical music calms yu, turn n sme Bach r Mzart enjying a bath.(如果古典音乐能让你平静下来，那就打开巴赫或莫扎特的音乐来洗澡)”说明了我们可以选择的睡前活动。空处和前后为并列关系，都是在举例说明我们可以选择什么样的睡眠活动。G项“如果你觉得秩序井然，就为第二天创建一个待办事项列表。”符合语境。故选G。
【40题详解】
上文“Whether yur bedtime ritual takes place in bed r smewhere else, make sure yur envirnment is relaxing. Wear cmfrtable clthes r pajamas, curl up under a czy blanket. and keep the lights lw. (无论你的就寝仪式是在床上还是在其他地方进行，都要确保你的环境是放松的。穿着舒适的衣服或睡衣，蜷缩在舒适的毯子下。并保持灯光昏暗)”说明睡前仪式需要在放松的环境下进行。空处承接上文，说明睡前仪式如果在放松的环境下进行会有助于睡眠。D项“然后到了入睡的时候，你就做好了准备。”符合语境。故选D。
第三部分语言运用(共三节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The prfessr was searching fr student vlunteers in the lecture rm fr a special Olympic event. As the sign-up sheet went up and dwn the rws, I started t cme up with my ___41___. Maybe it was the distance t the cllege where the event was t take place, r the early hur when ___42___ had t reprt fr duty. Whatever the reasns that made me hesitate, I am thankful t that day that I ___43___ up vlunteering.
I arrived at the vlunteer tent bright and early. My task was ___44___. I was t stand at the finish line nly and wait until the event was ver and then take the ___45___ t the annuncing bth(公告处). Standing at the finish line, I was able t witness many amazing effrts and clse races. I was mst impressed by the effrt each athlete put int his r her ___46___ and the sincere jy each athlete expressed while participating in a sprting event.
Then an amazing mment happened right befre my eyes. A grup f athletes were ___47___ up t run a shrt race. One f them was in a wheelchair. a little girl with a ___48___ smile, wearing bright bws in her hair. Her smile filled the stadium that day. I culdn’t help but smile back at her.
The gun sunded. They were ff. Runners sped up in the ___49___ with all their might. My eyes search fr the little girl with the bright bws. There she was, pumping her arms with all the _____50_____ she had. Her effrts were getting little result, but that did nt stp her. I nticed as she gt clser that she als had an injured arm. But that did nt stp this bright star. The race was lng ver _____51_____ the yung athlete kept pumping her arms. As she finally neared the finish line, the nise f the crwd was thunderus. There I std _____52_____, with tears falling dwn my cheeks.
After all these years, I can still hear thse cheers. I wish I culd thank that remarkable athlete fr what her effrts _____53_____ this unmtivated cllege guy. I grew up a lt that day because f the _____54_____ f that little girl in the wheelchair. I was _____55_____ that day f a pem frm a bk that states, “Whatever yu d, d it with all yur might.”
41. A. ideasB. plansC. suggestinsD. excuses
42. A. runnersB. studentsC. vlunteersD. advisrs
43. A. gaveB. endedC. stayedD. wke
44. A. simpleB. difficultC. interestingD. tiring
45. A. prizeB. athleteC. resultD. winner
46. A. mindB. eventC. victryD. bdy
47. A. mixedB. calledC. linedD. piled
48. A. hugeB. narrwC. weakD. hard
49. A. curtB. trackC. fieldD. platfrm
50. A. desiresB. curageC. energyD. dreams
51. A. butB. andC. rD. s
52. A. cheeringB. waitingC. calculatingD. recrding
53. A. paidB. wedC. disappintedD. taught
54. A. hnestyB. braveryC. ppularityD. creativity
55. A. warnedB. persuadedC. infrmedD. reminded
【答案】41. D 42. C 43. B 44. A 45. C 46. B 47. C 48. A 49. B 50. C 51. A 52. A 53. D 54. B 55. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文描述了作者大学期间在一场奥运比赛现场做志愿者的所见所感。在一项短跑比赛中，作者注意到一位坐轮椅的残疾女孩坚持用受伤的手滑动轮椅最终完成了比赛。作者在几年之后回想起这个身残志坚的女运动员依旧觉得很触动，并领悟到“不管你做什么，都要竭尽所能，全力以赴”。
【41题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当签名单在一排排的人中间传来传去时，我开始想我的借口。A. ideas主意；B. plans计划；C. suggestins建议；D. excuses借口。根据下文“Maybe it was the distance t the cllege where the event was t take place, r the early hur when ___2___ had t reprt fr duty. Whatever the reasns that made me hesitate,”可知，当志愿者的签名单在同学们中间传来传去时，作者开始为自己的不想去找借口。故选D项。
【42题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：也许是因为距离活动举办地的大学太远，或者是志愿者报到的时间太早。A. runners奔跑者；B. students学生；C. vlunteers志愿者；D. advisrs顾问。根据前文“The prfessr was searching fr student vlunteers in the lecture rm fr a special Olympic event.”以及后文“I arrived at the vlunteer tent bright and early.”可知奥运匹克项目要求志愿者早到。故选C项。
【43题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：不管是什么原因让我犹豫，我都很感谢那天我最终做了志愿者。A. gave给予；B. ended结束；C. stayed逗留，待；D. wke叫醒。end up ding sth.“以……结束，以……告终”，根据后文“I arrived at the vlunteer tent bright and early. My task was ___4___. I was t stand at the finish line nly and wait until the event was ver and then take the ___5___ t the annuncing bth(公告处).”可知作者最终成为了一名志愿者。故选B项。
【44题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很早就赶到志愿者营地，我的任务很简单。A. simple简单的；B. difficult困难的；C. interesting有趣的；D. tiring令人厌倦的。根据后文“I was t stand at the finish line nly and wait until the event was ver and then take the ___5___ t the annuncing bth(公告处).”可知我的任务就是在比赛终点，将最后结果拿到公告处，所以我的任务很简单。故选A项。
【45题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：只需要站在终点线等到比赛结束，然后将比赛结果拿到公告处。A. prize奖项；B. athlete运动员；C. result结果；D. winner获胜者。根据前文“I was t stand at the finish line nly and wait until the event was ver and then take the ”以及空后“t the annuncing bth(公告处).”可知我的任务是等到比赛结束然后将比赛结果拿到公告处。故选C项。
【46题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我印象最深刻的是每个运动员在比赛中所付出的努力，以及每个运动员在参加体育比赛时所表现出的真诚的快乐。A. mind头脑，思维；B. event大事；比赛项目；C. victry胜利；D. bdy身体。根据后文“and the sincere jy each athlete expressed while participating in a sprting event.”可知让作者印象深刻的是每个运动员都在各自的比赛项目中付出了努力。故选B项。
【47题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一群运动员排着队进行短距离赛跑。A. mixed混合；B. called叫；C. lined排队；D. piled堆积。line up排队。根据后文“The gun sunded. They were ff. Runners sped up in the ___9___ with all their might.”可知一群运动员排着队准备进行短距离赛跑。故选C项。
【48题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个带着灿烂笑容的小女孩，头上戴着明亮的蝴蝶结。A. huge大大的；B. narrw狭窄的；C. weak虚弱的；D. hard艰难的。根据后文“Her smile filled the stadium that day.”可知小姑娘的笑容非常灿烂，huge smile“灿烂的笑容”。选A项。
【49题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：赛跑者在跑道上用尽全力加速。A. curt法院；球场；B. track跑道；踪迹；C. field田地；领域；D. platfrm平台。根据上文“A grup f athletes were ___7___ up t run a shrt race.”可知此处指的是短跑项目，track“田径跑道”，符合语境。故选B项。
【50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她就在那儿，用尽全身力气挥动着双臂。A. desires渴望；B. curage勇气；C. energy能量；力气；D. dreams梦想。根据空前“There she was, pumping her arms with all the”可知小姑娘使出了全身的力气。故选C项。
【51题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：比赛早就结束了，但这位年轻运动员仍在挥动双臂。A. but但是；B. and和；C. r或者；D. s因此。根据前文“The race was lng ver ”以及“the yung athlete kept pumping her arms. As she finally neared the finish line, the nise f the crwd was thunderus.”可知比赛早已结束了，但是小姑娘依旧在奋力拼搏着。But表示转折，符合上下文语境。故选A项。
【52题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我站在那里欢呼，眼泪顺着脸颊流下来。A. cheering欢呼；B. waiting等待；C. calculating计算；D. recrding记录。根据前文“As she finally neared the finish line, the nise f the crwd was thunderus. There I std”以及空后“with tears falling dwn my cheeks.”以及后文“After all these years, I can still hear thse cheers.”可知小姑娘的表现让观众心生赞叹，不住地为她鼓掌，我也不例外。故选A项。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我真希望我能感谢那位杰出的运动员，她的努力教会了我这个没有上进心的大学生。A. paid支付；B. wed欠；C. disappinted使失望；D. taught教，教育。根据空后“this unmtivated cllege guy. I grew up a lt that day because f the ____14____ f that little girl in the wheelchair. I was ____15____ that day f a pem frm a bk that states, “Whatever yu d, d it with all yur might.””可知这位女孩的努力教会了我许多。故选D项。
【54题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为那个坐在轮椅上的小女孩的勇敢，那天我成长了很多。A. hnesty诚实；B. bravery勇气；C. ppularity流行；D. creativity创造性。根据前文“One f them was in a wheelchair. a little girl with a ___8___ smile, wearing bright bws in her hair.”以及“I nticed as she gt clser that she als had an injured arm. But that did nt stp this bright star. The race was lng ver ____11____ the yung athlete kept pumping her arms.”可知虽然身体是残疾的，但是小姑娘的内心却是强大和勇敢的。故选B项。
【55题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天的经历让我想起了一首诗中的一句话：“不管你做什么，都要竭尽所能，全力以赴。”A. warned警告；B. persuaded劝说；C. infrmed告知；D. reminded 使想起，提醒。根据空后“that day f a pem frm a bk that states, “Whatever yu d, d it with all yur might.””可知此处指的是作者想到了书上的一句话。故选D项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Yung vlunteers make a difference
Students f a Nanjing senir high schl brught jy t the elderly by vlunteering at a lcal nursing hme last weekend. The nursing hme, ___56___(lcate) n a husing estate, has 150 senir citizens, sme f ___57___ are ver 90 years ld.
Thugh it was the first time many f the students ___58___(take) part in a vlunteer prgramme like this, they were eager t share ___59___(vary) interesting tpics with the residents. After lunch the residents and the yung vlunteers amused ___60___(they) with art activities. Su Ming, 16, said he hped t return here regularly t spend time with the senirs that he made friends ___61___.
Wang Hng, ___62___ prgramme rganizer, said, “I ___63___(cncern) that the students and the elderly wuldn’t get alng easily, ___64___ it turned ut t be ppsite. I can say that tday’s activities have made a big difference t the ___65___(life) f the residents and the students.”
【答案】56. lcated
57. whm 58. had taken
59. varius##varied
60. themselves
61. with 62. the
63. was cncerned
64. but 65. lives
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了南京中学一所高中学生于周末在养老院做志愿者活动，给老人们带去了欢乐。
【56题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：这家养老院位于住宅区，，有150多名老年人，其中一些人已经90多岁了。分析句子可知，本句的谓语为“has”，设空处与谓语没有并列连词连接，所以空处为非谓语。短语：be lcated n“位于……”，所以此处用过去分词lcated，故填lcated。
【57题详解】
考查非限制性定语从句。句意同上。句中“sme f are ver 90 years ld”为非限制性定语从句，先行词为“150 senir citizens”，在从句中作介词f的宾语，sme f sb.“……中的一些人”，所以空处用关系代词whm，故填whm。
【58题详解】
考查时态。句意：尽管这是许多学生第一次参加这样的志愿者活动，但他们渴望与老人们分享各种有趣的话题。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作谓语，“it was the first time that”为固定句型，主句用was，从句中的谓语动词使用过去完成时。故填had taken。
【59题详解】
考查形容词。句意同上。空处为定语，修饰名词tpics，所以此处用形容词。vary“变化”为动词，其形容词形式为varius/varied，故填varius/varied。
【60题详解】
考查反身代词。句意：句意：午饭后，住在养老院的人和年轻的志愿者用艺术活动自娱自乐。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作宾语，与主语“the residents and the yung vlunteers ”为同一个身份，指“他们自己”，宾语和主语指同一人时，宾语用反身代词。故填themselves。
【61题详解】
考查介词。句意：16岁的苏说他希望能定期到养老院和与他交朋友的老人们一起度过快乐时光。短语：make friends with sb.“与某人交朋友”，分析句子，“that he made friends ”为定语从句，先行词为“the senirs”，指人，在从句中作介词with的宾语，所以空格处填with，故填with。
【62题详解】
考查定冠词。句意：活动组织者王红说：“我原本担心学生和老人相处不太好，但幸运的是，结果恰恰相反。我可以说，今天的活动对居民和学生的生活都产生了很大的影响。”分析句子可知，空处指“这次活动的组织者”，是特指的，所以此处用定冠词the，故填the。
【63题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：活动组织者王红说：“我原本担心学生和老人相处不太好，但幸运的是，结果恰恰相反。我可以说，今天的活动对居民和学生的生活都产生了很大的影响。”结合句中“and the elderly wuldn’t get alng easily”可知，空处的时态应为一般过去时，表示“作者原本担心”，短语：be cncerned that“担心……”，所以空处填was cncerned，故填was cncerned。
【64题详解】
考查连词。句意：活动组织者王红说：“我原本担心学生和老人相处不太好，但幸运的是，结果恰恰相反。我可以说，今天的活动对居民和学生的生活都产生了很大的影响。”结合句中设空前后内容分析，可知，空后的内容和前文为转折关系。but“但是”表示转折，故填but。
【65题详解】
考查名词复数。句意同上。空处应填名词作宾语；结合下文“f the residents and the students”可知，这里指“学生们和居民们的生活”，所以用复数名词。故填lives。
第三节课文默写(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分)
66. Tday, acupuncture is recgnized as a symbl f traditinal Chinese culture and has____________________ arund the wrld.(根据句意填空)
【答案】cme int widespread use
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：今天，针灸被公认为中国传统文化的象征，并在世界各地广泛使用。根据上文“Tday, acupuncture is recgnized as a symbl f traditinal Chinese culture(今天，针灸被公认为中国传统文化的象征)”以及下文“arund the wrld(在世界各地)”可推理出空白处应填表示“广泛使用”含义的表达，可用cme int widespread use，根据空白处前面的助动词has可知本句谓语动词使用了现在完成时，空白处填动词的过去分词，故填cme int widespread use。
67. One truly unique scenic spt in Canada is the mighty Niagara Falls with water rushing ver its edge ____________________ f sights and sunds. (根据句意填空)
【答案】in a splendid display
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语。句意：加拿大一个真正独特的景点是强大的尼亚加拉瀑布，水从它的边缘奔流而下，呈现出壮丽的景象和声音。分析句子结构可知，空处需要介词短语做状语。in a splendid display f“精彩的展示了……”，符合语境。故填in a splendid display。
68. Despite ____________________ this technlgy, its pssibilities have been creating much excitement thrughut the entire medical cmmunity and beynd. (根据句意填空)
【答案】the public argument ver
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词和名词。句意：尽管公众对这项技术存在争议，但它的可能性已经在整个医学界内外引起了极大的兴奋。根据Despite和“its pssibilities have been creating much excitement thrughut the entire medical cmmunity and beynd”可知，句子表示“尽管公众对这项技术存在争议，但它的可能性已经在整个医学界内外引起了极大的兴奋”，空格处意为“公众对……的争议”，“公众的”用public，“对……的争议”是the argument ver，因此空格处是the public argument ver。故填the public argument ver。
69. It is this kind f inspiratin that ____________________ knwledge alive and ensures that advances in space explratin and many ther fields will cntinue t be made. (根据句意填空)
【答案】keeps ur thirst fr
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语和时态。句意：正是这种灵感使我们保持对知识的渴望，并确保在太空探索和许多其他领域将继续取得进步。根据句意，表示“保持对……的渴望”可用动词短语keep thirst fr...表示，作谓语，描述一般性事实用一般现在时态，主语this kind f inspiratin(强调句中被强调部分)是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式；表示“我们的”，用形容词性物主代词ur作定语。故填keeps ur thirst fr。
70. While AI enthusiasts prmise us a bright future ____________________, these undubted benefits als bring cncerns and fears. (根据句意填空)
【答案】where intelligent rbts will be wrking t ur advantage
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：虽然人工智能爱好者向我们承诺了一个光明的未来，智能机器人将为我们服务，但这些毋庸置疑的好处也带来了担忧和恐惧。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词future，关系词替代先行词在定语从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导定语从句。根据“these undubted benefits”可知，定语从句描述AI带来的好处。intelligent rbts“智能机器人”，在定语从句中作主语，定语从句中为将来进行时态，表示将来的某一时间点或某一时间段正在发生的事情。wrk t ur advantage“对我们有利”。故填where intelligent rbts will be wrking t ur advantage。
第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
71. 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Jim假期要到你的家乡来旅行，Jim来信向你询问一日游旅行计划，请你给他回信，内容包括：
1.家乡简介；
2.具体计划；
3.表达祝愿。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Jim,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jim,
I am mre than delighted t knw that yu are ging t visit Changsha, and it’s my pleasure t be yur guide. Changsha is the prvincial capital f Hunan which is renwned fr its human histry, wnderful culture and natural beauty. Nw I have a ne-day trip fr yu.
In the mrning, we’ll start ur trip at Yuelu Academy, which is a must-see turist attractin. Lcated n the beautiful Yuelu Muntain, it is cnsidered as the cradle f Hunan culture. After that, we can climb Yuelu Muntain t enjy the beautiful nature. In the afternn, we are ging t Orange Island, where we can strll alng the tree-lined paths, enjying beautiful views f the river. In the evening, we will end ur trip at Huangxing Rad Walking Street, where yu can experience the nightlife in Changsha and enjy a wide range f lcal dishes.
I hpe yu are excited abut the ne-day travel plan f Changsha. I am sure yu will be impressed by its attractins, fd, culture and peple. Lking frward t shwing yu arund sn.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英国朋友Jim写封信，告诉他在你家乡一日游的旅行计划，内容包括：1.家乡简介；2.具体计划；3.表达祝愿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：delighted→pleased
使位于：lcate→situate
兴奋的：excited→thrilled
被认为是：be cnsidered as→be regarded as
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：After that, we can climb Yuelu Muntain t enjy the beautiful nature.
拓展句：After that, we can climb Yuelu Muntain, where we can enjy the beautiful nature.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Changsha is the prvincial capital f Hunan which is renwned fr its human histry, wnderful culture and natural beauty. (运用了which引导的限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] In the evening, we will end ur trip at Huangxing Rad Walking Street, where yu can experience the nightlife in Changsha and enjy a wide range f lcal dishes.(运用了where引导的非限制性定语从句)
第二节(满分25分)
72. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I lked at my father's sugar-crusted hands, his shcked eyes, and I knew that I was breaking his heart. It was the wrst time t say anything, t just blurt it ut like this while we were cking and preparing the huse fr guests—especially because my father was busy ding the ne thing that I was abut t tell them that I wuld never d. But I culdn't hld it in any lnger, and I needed t say smething nw, therwise I wuld just be delaying the inevitable and prbably have an anxiety-caused breakdwn in the meantime.
We were standing in the kitchen while my family was scattered arund the living rm tidying up, pretending nt t listen and clearly listening: Sft ftsteps apprached, and my mther was nw with us in the kitchen. “What is this, Beta?” she said. She was shcked; I was ashamed.
“I'm srry,” I said miserably. “But I can't d it. I'm nt gd at cking. Everything I tuch cmes ut wrng，and tastes terrible. Even the simple lads I try t make fall apart.
“Yu have t practice, Beta, my father explded. “Yu dn't practice enugh! All yu d is sit in yur rm, and write in that jurnal...”
“I want t be a writer.” I cried ut what had been reverberating in my mind fr the last three years.
My parents were astnished. “The sweet stre is yur duty, Beta. Yur duty t yur family. We're cunting n yu because yu are ur daughter.” my father spke as thugh this was all that needed t be said.
My heart sank.
My father gave me a hard lk. “When yur grandfather cmes ver fr dinner,” he warned, “dn't say a wrd t him.”
“He's still recvering frm his surgery,” my mther added severely.
My father turned back t shaping the lads. “We'll discuss this later,” he said abruptly, and the cnversatin was ver.
When the rest f the family came ver that evening, I fund myself sitting next t my grandfather. Everyne laughed and jked except me. When there was a perid f quietness in the cnversatin, my grandfather said, “Beta, cme with me t the kitchen.”
注意：1.续写词数应为 150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Once we reached the kitchen, he asked me what's wrng.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
But my grandfather stpped him with a lk, and gently laid a hand n my arm.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Once we reached the kitchen, he asked me what was wrng. I wanted t tell him everything, but didn’t want t disappint him the way I had disappinted my parents. Furthermre, my mther’s cmment abut his surgery was n my mind. S I shk my head. At that mment, my father came int the kitchen. My grandfather lked at him, cncerned, and then asked the same questin. My father frze mmentarily and then assured him with a big smile that I was just tired. Then he grabbed my arm t drag me away.
But my grandfather stpped him with a lk, and gently laid a hand n my arm. Suddenly, I culdn’t cntain my feeling and burst int tears. I lked at him and sbbingly said, “I dn’t want t make sweets. I dn’t want t run the stre.” My grandfather std quietly fr a mment, absrbing this; then he lked at me and said simply, “Then yu will nt make sweets.” “But what else can she d?” my father said, frustrated. “Well, she’s an excellent stryteller. I imagine she’ll be a writer,” my grandfather said.
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者想成为一名作家，但是父亲却希望作者接管糖果店，还让作者不要把这件事告诉刚做完手术的祖父。但是祖父却看出了作者的不开心，最后祖父得知真相后，支持作者去当一名作家。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我们一到厨房，他就问我出了什么事。”可知，第一段可描写作者矛盾的内心活动，以及此时父亲的一些举动。
②由第二段首句内容“但祖父看了他一眼，让他停下来，然后轻轻地把一只手放在我胳膊上。”可知，第二段可描写作者最后忍不住还是告诉了祖父自己的想法，祖父也表示支持。
2.续写线索：来到厨房——祖父询问原因——作者内心矛盾——父亲来到厨房想带走作者——祖父阻止父亲——作者说出内心想法——祖父表示支持
3.词汇激活
行为类
走近：cme int/get int
看着：lk at/ stare at
抑制：cntain/ hld back
情绪类
失望：disappint / disappinted/ let sb. dwn
安静：quietly /silently
【点睛】[高分句型1] My father frze mmentarily and then assured him with a big smile that I was just tired.(运用了that引导宾语从句)
[高分句型2] My grandfather std quietly fr a mment, absrbing this; then he lked at me and said simply, “Then yu will nt make sweets.”(运用了现在分词作状语)
时量：120分钟 满分：150分
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：Hw much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9. 15.
答案是C。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What is the pssible relatinship between the tw speakers?
A. Dctr and patient.B. Mther and sn.C. Teacher and student.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: Yu were absent frm class yesterday, Sandy. Where were yu?
M: I culdn’t cme, Mrs. Hart. I hurt my left ft and my mther tk me t the dctr.
2. 此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What did the speakers plan t d befre they heard the weather frecast?
A. G sailing.B. G swimming.C. Watch TV.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: There was a typhn warning n the radi this mrning. Did yu happen t be watching TV?
M: Yes. S I think we’ll have t change ur plan fr sailing. What abut swimming indrs?
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What can we infer frm the cnversatin?
A. The man is a ftball fan.
B. The man ften has pwer failures.
C. The man didn’t watch TV last night.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: Yu dn’t lk very happy. Cme n, what has happened?
M: I had never expected this wuld have happened t me. We had a pwer failure at hme last night and I missed mst f the ftball match.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What des the man think f the wman’s car?
A. It desn’t run quite well.
B. Its appearance needs imprving.
C. It requires a thrugh repair.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: Hw d yu like the car I just bught?
M: Well, it seems t run well, but I think it needs a new paint jb.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What shuld the wman d accrding t the man?
A. Bring her pet dg t the cuntryside.
B. Try t vercme her wn depressin.
C. Just take it easy.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: It seems my pet dg desn’t like the new place. He seemed t be happy all day in the cuntryside.
M: Just ignre it. I still remember yu were unhappy when yu first mved here, but yu are happy nw. He is sure t vercme it in a week r tw.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. What is the wman ding?
A. Renewing her passprt.
B. Applying fr a first-time passprt.
C. Applying fr a replacement passprt.
7. Hw lng will the wman have t wait fr the passprt?
A. Abut ne week.B. Abut tw weeks.C. Abut ne mnth.
【答案】6. A 7. B
【解析】
【原文】W: Hi, there. Where can I apply fr my passprt?
M: That depends n which ne yu need. Are yu applying fr the first time, are yu renewing an existing passprt, r are yu applying fr a replacement passprt?
W: I already have a passprt, but its effective perid is due at the end f the mnth.
M: OK. First yu need t take a number. Then fill ut this frm and wait until yur number is called.
W: OK, thanks. Is there any chance I culd get this back within a week?
M: Unfrtunately, the fastest service is 10 business days. That means yu shuld have it by the 20th f this mnth.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. What des the man think he is like?
A. Lving.B. Gentle.C. Happy.
9. Hw many red rses is the man buying?
A. Five.B. Six.C. Ten.
【答案】8. C 9. C
【解析】
【原文】M: I wuld like t buy sme flwers fr my wife’s birthday. What d yu suggest?
W: Well, what clrs wuld yu like?
M: Oh, just mix them up a bit s they lk nice.
W: But dn’t yu want t chse the clrs? Different clrs f flwers mean different things, yu knw.
M: Really? Give me sme examples.
W: Well, red is the clr f lve, pink is the clr f gentleness but white can mean either purity r sadness.
M: What abut yellw? That’s my favrite clr.
W: That is the clr f happiness.
M: Hw strange! That really des sum up my character.
W: Then yu knw the main clr yu shuld chse.
M: I d. I’ ll have five yellw rses, twice as many red nes and six pink nes.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
10. Which f the fllwing statements abut Rainbw Café is TRUE?
A. The delivery cst is $ 20.
B. The lunch csts $ 300.
C. Only rdinary sandwiches are served.
11. Why des the wman prefer Rainbw Café t Lunch Bx?
A. Because f the free delivery.
B. Because f the nicer fd.
C. Because f the cnvenient lcatin.
12. What is Rainbw Café’s telephne number?
A. 857 1395.B. 848 6932.C. 848 9632.
【答案】10. B 11. B 12. C
【解析】
【原文】W: Hell, Raman. I’ve heard yu were asking t rder lunch fr ur training sessin.
M: Yes. I have tw prices and I’m nt sure which ne t chse.
W: OK.
M: The first ne is frm Rainbw Café, which is $ 300. And the delivery is free.
W: They’ re just in High Street, aren’t they?
M: That’s right. The ther price is $ 260, frm Lunch Bx. But yu have t pay delivery and that’s $ 20.
W: I think they’ re near the capital bank. Are there any differences between the tw types f fd?
M: Well, Rainbw Café has bacn sandwiches besides rdinary nes. And als yu can get tmates, cabbages, nins and s n.
W: Then I prefer Rainbw Café, thugh it’s mre expensive. And it has much nicer fd fr the mney.
M: OK. Let’s rder frm Rainbw Café.
W: D yu have the telephne number?
M: Yes. it’s 857 1395. Ah, n, that’s the manager f Lunch Bx. Rainbw Café’s is 848 9632. I’ll call them nw.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
13 What was Gerge R. R. Martin like when he was yung?
A. He was ppular with his classmates.
B. He didn’t have many friends.
C. He lved t play sprts.
14. What did Gerge R. R. Martin first write abut?
A. Turtles.B. Dragns.C. Spiders.
15. Wh was Gerge R. R. Martin mst inspired by?
A. A famus actr.B. A cmic bk writer.C. A si-fi mvie directr.
16. What will Gerge R. R. Martin prbably say next abut Game f Thrnes?
A. What its final seasn is abut.
B. Hw actrs play in the final seasn.
C. Why the shws f the final seasn becme less.
【答案】13. B 14. A 15. B 16. C
【解析】
【原文】W: Tday’s guest is the authr f A Sng f Ice and Fire series, nw a ppular televisin series called Game f Thrnes. Please welcme Gerge R. R. Martin. S Gerge, tell us a bit abut yur childhd.
M: Well, I wasn’t a typical kid. Mst f my classmates were int athletics and chasing girls. I mstly kept t myself.
W: Were yu always interested in writing?
M: Yes. I started writing when I was abut 10.
W: Yu write a lt abut dragns. Did yu write abut them in yur early bks as well?
M: Actually, I began with writing abut my pet turtles. They lived in a castle in my turtle tank. I imagined they were all fighting each ther t becme the king.
W: That sunds a lt like Game f Thrnes.
M: I had ther influences, t. One was the fantasy writer J. R. R. Tlkien. But Stan Lee, the creatr f the Spider-Man cartn bks, had the mst impact n me.
W: In the seventh seasn f Game f Thrnes, there were nly seven shws instead f the regular ten. Hw many will there be fr the final seasn?
M: One less than last seasn.
W: Can yu tell us the reasn?
M: Well, yu can guess at first.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. What will the weather be like tmrrw?
A. Ht.B. Cld.C. Wet.
18. Wh has been warned abut windy weather?
A. Rail travelers.B. Air travelers.C. Car travelers.
19. What happened in April last year?
A. High winds.B. A drught.C. Flds.
20. Hw ften are the news summaries bradcast?
A. Every hur.B. Every tw hurs.C. Every three hurs.
【答案】17. A 18. C 19. C 20. A
【解析】
【原文】M: Here is tday’s weather reprt by Tny Hendersn. The heatwave has cntinued thrughut the cuntry tday, with n sign f the rain and clder weather we expect at this time f year. It will be the same stry fr the next cuple f days, after which we can expect strng winds t bring in sme much cler cnditins. Winds as strng as the nes predicted smetimes cause prblems with air and train travel, althugh n warnings have been issued yet. Hwever, plice have advised car drivers t take care in expsed areas. After the windy spell, the weather shuld calm dwn. While there certainly wn’t be a drught, it will be quite dry, with n risk f the flding we saw in April last year. Tune in fr ur next hurly news summaries. Traffic news will be updated every tw hurs and yu might be interested t knw that there’s a special weather dcumentary in three hurs.
第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Every event here features a nted scientist wh discusses a different csmic (宇宙的) tpic. They will be presented with a live stream t ur Science Wrld fficial website and questins can be asked in the website chat.
Black Hles
7:30 PM-8:30 PM, May. 19, 2023
Descriptin: Mst galaxies (星系) have a supermassive black hle at their center. These black hles help determine hw galaxies will develp ver time. Jin Dr. Ansel Netscher fr an utline f black hles. Yu can als explre hw supermassive black hles may decide the develpment f galaxies.
The Webb Imagery
8:00 PM-9:30 PM, May. 28, 2023
Descriptin: The amazing visins have attracted the wrld. But there’s a lng and invlved prcess by which scientists’ black-and-white bservatinal data is transfrmed int dynamic clr imagery fr the public. Jin image specialist Ralph Wilsn as he discusses the art and science f translating infrared light.
Hunt fr Distant Wrlds
7:00 PM-8:00 PM, Jun. 3, 2023
Descriptin: Since the discvery f the first planet rbiting a Sun-like star in 1995, mre than 4, 000 explanets have been fund. These widespread planet systems cnfirm that ur slar system is just ne f many in ur Milky Way galaxy. The discvery f such systems has prvided interesting insights, challenging ur views abut hw planet systems frm and develp. Jin Dr. Amanda Garcia as she describes the scientific hunt fr these distant wrlds.
Mars and Beynd
10:00 AM-11:30 AM, Jun.4, 2023
Descriptin: Will we ever reach Mars? And what will it take t travel t ther stars? Dr. Camille Lpez will meet these questins with a speech f what we can expect in the next 30 years. It’s based n what is practical and reasnable when we cnsider the bilgical, ecnmic, and philsphical cncerns that cnnect with the engineering challenges f space habitatin and explratin.
21. Interested in the develpment f planet r star system, yu can chse ________.
① Black Hles
② The Webb Imagery
③ Hunt fr Distant Wrlds
④ Mars and Beynd
A. ①④B. ②④C. ①③D. ②③
22. What will yu learn frm Mars and Beynd?
A. Prspect f space travel.B. Applicatin f art t science.
C. The rigin and future f Mars.D. Detailed plan f space habitatin.
23. What is the main purpse f the passage?
A. T publicize nline public lectures.
B. T cmpare events f studying science.
C T stress the imprtance f space explratin.
D. T expand peple’s knwledge abut universe.
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个网上讲座的情况。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Black Hles部分中“These black hles help determine hw galaxies will develp ver time.(这些黑洞有助于确定星系如何随着时间的推移而发展)”以及Hunt fr Distant Wrlds部分中“The discvery f such systems has prvided interesting insights, challenging ur views abut hw planet systems frm and develp.(这些系统的发现提供了有趣的见解，挑战了我们关于行星系统如何形成和发展的观点)”可知，对行星或恒星系统的发展感兴趣，可以选择Black Hles和Hunt fr Distant Wrlds。故选C。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一部分“Descriptin: Will we ever reach Mars? And what will it take t travel t ther stars? Dr. Camille Lpez will meet these questins with a speech f what we can expect in the next 30 years.(我们会到达火星吗？去其他星球旅行需要什么？卡米尔·洛佩斯博士将在演讲中回答这些问题，讲述我们对未来30年的期望)”可知，可以从Mars and Beynd了解到太空旅行的前景。故选A。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Every event here features a nted scientist wh discusses a different csmic (宇宙的) tpic. They will be presented with a live stream t ur Science Wrld fficial website and questins can be asked in the website chat.(这里的每个活动都有一位著名的科学家来讨论不同的宇宙主题。他们将在我们的科学世界官方网站上进行直播，并可以在网站聊天中提出问题)”结合文章主要介绍了四个网上讲座的情况。可推知，文章的主要目的是宣传网上公开讲座。故选A。
B
Hanan Al Hrub, frm Bethlehem in the West Bank, was awarded the Glbal Teacher Prize at a ceremny in Dubai. Hrub accepted the award “as a win fr all teachers in general and Palestinian teachers in particular”.
Hrub became a teacher after her children and husband were sht n their way hme frm schl. “It changed my children’s behavir, persnalities and studies,” she said in a vide. “I felt that I was alne in getting my children thrugh this. N teacher had helped me get my children back n track.”
With n help frm the educatin system, Hrub decided t teach her children n her wn. She started inventing games at hme and inviting their neighbrs’ children t participate. Gradually, her children’s behavir and grades began t imprve. Nw she teaches by using playing and learning at schl t help children fight vilence. “Sme children may nt directly experience vilence in ur cuntry. Hwever, they see it n the screens and in scial media and that still affects them,” Hrub said.
“I tell all the teachers, whether they are Palestinian r frm arund the wrld that ‘Our jb is humane and its gals are nble. We must teach ur children that their nly weapn is knwledge.’ Teachers culd change the wrld.”
Ppe Francis annunced in a vide cnference that Hrub had wn the award. Francis said that a part f educatin is t teach children hw t play in rder t learn the jy f life and that teachers are the builders f peace and unity. “I wuld like t cngratulate Hanan Al Hrub fr winning this prize due t the imprtance that she gave t the rle f playing in child’s educatin,” Francis said.
24. Why did Hanan Al Hrub becme a teacher?
A. T teach children t keep away frm vilence.
B. T ease the effect f vilence n her children.
C. T prmte educatin level fr children.
D. T intrduce a new methd f educatin.
25. Hw des Hrub educate children?
A. By learning and creating.
B. By watching and learning.
C. By participating and cperating.
D. By playing and learning.
26. What is Hrub’s attitude twards her jb?
A. Objective.B. Disappinted.C. Faithful.D. Cautius.
27. What d the wrds f Hrub and Ppe Francis have in cmmn in the last tw paragraphs?
A. They bth valued teachers.
B. They were bth against vilence.
C. They bth expressed hpes fr children.
D. They bth shwed their feelings abut the prize.
【答案】24. B 25. D 26. C 27. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。讲述了全球教师奖获得者Hanan Al Hrub 以及她背后的故事。
【详解】1.推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“I felt that I was alne in getting my children thrugh this. N teacher had helped me get my children back n track. (我觉得我独自一人让我的孩子们经历这些。没有老师帮助我让我的孩子们回到正轨。)”和第三段中的“With n help frm the educatin system, Hrub decided t teach her children n her wn.(由于没有教育系统的帮助，Hrub决定自己教孩子。)”可知，Hrub认为在帮助她的孩子度过暴力带来的影响的过程中，她是孤独的。没有老师帮助她将她的孩子带回正轨。由于教育系统没有给 Hrub 提供帮助，Hrub决定自己教育孩子。由此可见Hrub成为老师是为了减轻暴力对她的孩子的影响，故选B项。
2.细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“Nw she teaches by using playing and learning at schl t help children fight vilence. (现在，她通过在学校玩耍和学习来帮助孩子们对抗暴力。)”可知，现在Hrub在学校用玩游戏和学习的方式教学，帮助孩子对抗暴力。故选D项。
3.推理判断题。从文章第四段Hrub的话语“I tell all the teachers, whether they are Palestinian r frm arund the wrld that ‘Our jb is humane and its gals are nble. We must teach ur children that their nly weapn is knwledge.’ Teachers culd change the wrld.(我告诉所有的老师，不管他们是巴勒斯坦人还是来自世界各地，“我们的工作是人道的，我们的目标是崇高的。我们必须教育我们的孩子，他们唯一的武器是知识。”教师可以改变世界。)”中可以看出，她认为教师的工作是人道的，其目标是崇高的。教师必须让孩子们知道他们唯一的武器是知识。教师可以改变世界。由此可见Hrub对教师这份工作是充满信念感的，故选C项。
4.推理判断题，根据文章第四段中的“Teachers culd change the wrld. (教师可以改变世界)”和第五段中的“teachers are the builders f peace and unity (教师是和平与团结的缔造者)”可知，Hrub认为教师可以改变世界，Ppe Francis 认为教师是和平和团结的缔造者。由此可见两人的话语中都表达了他们重视教师的态度，故选A项。
C
During the 2020 Olympics in Tky, there was a lt f talk abut the envirnmental effrts taken. Athletes slept n beds made frm recycled cardbard. The medals were prduced ut f ld appliances such as smartphnes and laptps. Over 90% f Japanese cities, twns and villages participated in the tw-year effrt t cllect recycled materials t prduce 5000 medals. Eighty tns f small electrical devices were cllected t make this prject successful.
With the 2024 Olympics Games underway in Paris, new envirnmental effrts are cming int play. Observers will sit n chairs made f plastic recycled frm lcal bins. This decisin was made due t a lack f unused raw materials t make new seats, s the ec-cnstructin firm Le Pave turned t make the seats ut f waste. Arund 11,000 seats will be made frm recycled materials.
The plastic cllectin fr Paris 2024 has been carried ut in the regin’s schls, and ver five millin clured bttle caps have been recvered. Mrever, 80% f the 100 tns f recycled plastic needed t make the seats cme frm the yellw bins cllectins. This is all part f the Paris 2024 “zer waste” strategy t limit single-use plastic usage and encurage a circular ecnmy.
The Olympic Games rganizers are planning t make the Paris 2024 Games the greenest Olympic Games yet. They intend t emply a carbn-neutral apprach that will lessen the climate impact f the Games by predicting, aviding, reducing and balancing emissins and encuraging thers t get invlved. The Summer Games have emitted 3.6 millin tns f carbn emissins in previus years. The Paris 2024 Games has set a carbn budget f 1.5 millin tns which includes the emissins frm cnstructin, transprtatin and peratins f the Games.
These plans are ambitius but are achievable. If Paris 2024 successfully reduces emissins and prmtes a circular ecnmy, it might set the standard fr future Olympic and Paralympic Games, regardless f where they are held.
28. What were the 2020 Olympics medals made frm?
A. Raw metal.B. Recycled cardbard.
C. Reused plastic.D. Used electrnic devices.
29. What is the purpse f the Paris 2024 “zer waste” strategy?
A. T stp carbn emissins.B. T make seats fr athletes.
C. T cllect clured bttle caps.D. T restrict single-use plastic usage.
30. What d the underlined wrds “carbn neutral apprach” in paragraph 4 refer t?
A. Limitatin t single-use plastics.B. Reductin f carbn emissins.
C. Prmtin f recycling in schl.D. Encuragement f a circular ecnmy.
31. What is the authr’s attitude t the plans fr the Paris 2024 Games?
A. Favrable.B. Intlerant.C. Dubtful.D. Unclear.
【答案】28. D 29. D 30. B 31. A
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了2024年巴黎奥运会的环保理念和计划。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“The medals were prduced ut f ld appliances such as smartphnes and laptps.(奖牌是由旧电器制作而成的，比如说手机和平板电脑。)”可知，东京奥运会的奖牌是由废旧电器制作的，是由二手的电子设备制作而成的，故选D。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“This is all part f the Paris 2024 “zer waste” strategy t limit single-use plastic usage and encurage a circular ecnmy.(这都是来自2024巴黎奥运会的“零废弃”策略，其目的是为了限制一次性塑料的使用，并鼓励循环经济。)”可知，“零废弃”策略的目的是为了限制一次性塑料的使用，故选D。
【30题详解】
词句猜测题。根据文章第四段划线短语carbn-neutral apprach后的内容“that will lessen the climate impact f the Games by predicting, aviding, reducing and balancing emissins and encuraging thers t get invlved.(通过预测、避免、减少和平衡碳排放，并鼓励其他国家参与的方式来减轻奥运会对气候的影响。)”对划线短语carbn-neutral apprach的解释可知，这一方法是通过减少碳排放的方式来减轻奥运会对气候的影响，carbn-neutral apprach故指的是“减少碳排放”，故选B。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“These plans are ambitius but are achievable. If Paris 2024 successfully reduces emissins and prmtes a circular ecnmy, it might set the standard fr future Olympic and Paralympic Games, regardless f where they are held.(这些计划雄心勃勃，但却是可以实现的。如果2024年巴黎奥运会成功地减少了碳排放，促进了循环经济，无论在哪里举行奥运会，它可能就为以后的奥运会和残奥会制定了标准。)”可知，在作者看来2024年巴黎奥运会的这些计划雄心勃勃的，但却是可实现的，而且作者还期待它为以后的奥运会指定标准，故作者对2024巴黎奥运会的这些计划是支持的，故选A。
D
Research n the effects f age n language learning ften leads t claims that it’s impssible t learn a language after the age f 18, yet these claims lack scientific evidence. While certain language prcessing functins peak during childhd, thers develp later, with sme even experiencing a new grwth between the ages f 50 and 75.
The definitin f language learning and its gals als play a significant rle. If the aim is t participate cmfrtably in daily scial interactins, research suggests that fluency in a new language can be achieved at any age with sufficient study and expsure.
Learning a language at different stages f life cmes with advantages and disadvantages. Starting befre the age f 10 allws fr the ptential f acquiring a native-like accent. Hwever, intrducing a secnd language t children late in verbal(言语的)develpment may pse challenges.
Between the ages f 10 and 18, there is a unique pprtunity t intuitively(直觉地)understand grammar and develp a cmprehensive and uncnscius understanding f a new language’s rules. Language acquisitin during this perid can als bst cnfidence and encurage a reflective attitude twards language changes.
Studying an additinal language in adulthd invlves mre translatin and a tendency t think in ne’s native language first. Language anxiety and hesitatin may als arise. Hwever, adulthd ffers advantages such as peak cmmunicatin skills, literary knwledge, and sci-cultural understanding.
Learning a new language at the age f 50 and abve may be advantageus in terms f certain mental skills that cntinue t imprve until the mid-t-late 70s. This age grup can quickly grasp the basics f a language, althugh mre research is needed t cnfirm this thery.
In summary, learning a language is a lifelng prcess. While certain aspects may becme mre challenging with age, there is n age limit that makes language learning futile. Achieving an intermediate level in a target language can be rewarding, even if sme mistakes are made. Starting early can enhance phnlgy and grammar skills, but cntinued expsure and usage thrughut life are vital fr becming a cmfrtable speaker. Ultimately, it’s never t late t start r relearn a language.
32. In which situatin can ne achieve fluency in a new language at any age?
A. In grammar class.B. In writing practice.
C. In vcabulary research.D. In everyday cmmunicatin.
33. Which f the fllwing can we learn abut language learning?
A. Early learning delays children’s language develpment.
B. Learning during teenage years helps build up cnfidence.
C. Learners beynd fifty can gain literary knwledge quickly.
D. Learning in adulthd helps t acquire peak translatin skills.
34. What des the underlined wrd “futile” in Para 7 mean?
A. Fruitless.B. Cmplex.C. Time-cnsuming.D. Painful.
35. What’s the best title fr the text?
A. Why Language Learning Has Age Limits
B. Why Age Plays a Vital Rle in Language Learning
C. Hw Language Learning Occurs at Different Life Stages
D. Hw Learning a Language Changes Depending n Yur Age
【答案】32. D 33. B 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了学习语言的能力是如何根据年龄变化的。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“If the aim is t participate cmfrtably in daily scial interactins, research suggests that fluency in a new language can be achieved at any age with sufficient study and expsure.(如果目标是舒适地参与日常社交活动，研究表明，只要有充分的学习和接触，任何年龄的人都可以流利地掌握一门新语言)”可知，在日常交流中，一个人在任何年龄都能流利地掌握一门新语言。故选D项。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Between the ages f 10 and 18, there is a unique pprtunity t intuitively understand grammar and develp a cmprehensive and uncnscius understanding f a new language’s rules. Language acquisitin during this perid can als bst cnfidence and encurage a reflective attitude twards language changes.(在10到18岁之间，有一个独特的机会直观地理解语法，并对一门新语言的规则形成全面而无意识的理解。在这一时期的语言习得也可以增强信心，并鼓励对语言变化的反思态度)”可知，在青少年时期学习语言有助于建立自信。故选B项。
【34题详解】
词义猜测题。根据文章划线词前“While certain aspects may becme mre challenging with age, there is n age limit(虽然某些方面可能会随着年龄的增长而变得更具挑战性，但没有年龄限制)”及后文“Achieving an intermediate level in a target language can be rewarding, even if sme mistakes are made.(达到目标语言的中级水平是值得的，即使会犯一些错误)”可知，年龄增长虽然对于学习语言更有挑战性，但是这种限制不会使得语言学习不成功。fruitless“没有结果的、不成功的”与划线词为近义词。故选A项。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Research n the effects f age n language learning ften leads t claims that it’s impssible t learn a language after the age f 18, yet these claims lack scientific evidence. While certain language prcessing functins peak during childhd, thers develp later, with sme even experiencing a new grwth between the ages f 50 and 75.(关于年龄对语言学习的影响的研究经常导致人们声称18岁以后就不可能学习一门语言了，然而这些说法缺乏科学证据。虽然某些语言处理功能在儿童时期达到顶峰，但其他功能的发展较晚，有些人甚至在50至75岁之间经历了新的增长)”及下文可知，本文说明了学习语言的能力是如何根据年龄变化的，D选项“学习语言如何随年龄变化”适合作为最佳标题。故选D项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
At the end f a lng day, yu might want t sit in frnt f the TV and watch a favrite shw.___36___ Settling dwn with a cup f lemn tea r reading a bk can tell ur bdy it’s time t sleep. If yu turn these activities int ritual (仪式) — that is, if yu d them every night arund the same time — yu will be all the mre likely t get the rest yu need.
A bedtime ritual is imprtant nt nly because it prepares yu fr sleep but als because it helps develp healthy sleep habits. If yur current habits dn’t supprt gd sleep, a bedtime ritual can help yu make necessary changes. ___37___ Wrry can make it hard t fall asleep at night, but fr sme peple, anxiety at bedtime is cmmn. Rituals can prvide cmfrt by ffering predictability and structure. Sme rituals, such as writing diaries, might als relieve anxiety by giving the writer a sense f meaning.
___38___ Cnsider trying several bedtime rituals befre settling n a cnsistent rutine. What’s imprtant is figuring ut what wrks fr yu. Start ut with tw r three activities accrding t yur needs and preferences. If yu enjy exercise and mvement, try yga r gentle stretching. ___39___ If classical music calms yu, turn n sme Bach r Mzart enjying a bath.
Whether yur bedtime ritual takes place in bed r smewhere else, make sure yur envirnment is relaxing. Wear cmfrtable clthes r pajamas, curl up under a czy blanket. and keep the lights lw. ___40___
A. Bedtime rituals can als help yu reduce anxiety.
B. Fr adults, bedtime rituals typically last 30 minutes t an hur.
C. But ding sme bedtime activities culd actually help yu sleep better.
D. Then when the time cmes t fall asleep, yu’ll be ready.
E. There’s n fixed mdel fr the perfect bedtime ritual.
F. Evidence indicates that peple wh read a bk in bed have better sleep quality.
G. If yu find cmfrt in rder, create a t-d list fr the next day.
【答案】36. C 37. A 38. E 39. G 40. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了睡前仪式以及它的重要性。
【36题详解】
上文“At the end f a lng day, yu might want t sit in frnt f the TV and watch a favrite shw.(在漫长的一天结束后，你可能想坐在电视机前看一个最喜欢的节目)”说明睡前我们可能会做的具体活动。空处承上启下。C项中的“ding sme bedtime activities”和上文“sit in frnt f the TV and watch a favrite shw.”相呼应，“help yu sleep better”和下文中的“can tell ur bdy it’s time t sleep”相呼应，说明做一些睡前活动实际上可以帮助你睡得更好。所以，C项“But ding sme bedtime activities culd actually help yu sleep better.（但是做一些睡前活动实际上可以帮助你睡得更好。）”填入空格处，符合语境。故选C。
【37题详解】
上文“If yur current habits dn’t supprt gd sleep, a bedtime ritual can help yu make necessary changes.(如果你目前的习惯不支持良好的睡眠，睡前仪式可以帮助你做出必要的改变)”说明了睡前仪式的作用。空处和前文为递进关系，进一步说明睡眠仪式的作用。A项中的als和前文形成递进关系，“help yu reduce anxiety”和前文“can help yu make necessary changes”相呼应，说明睡前仪式也可以帮助你减少焦虑。所以，A项“Bedtime rituals can als help yu reduce anxiety.（睡前习惯也可以帮助你减少焦虑。）”填入空格处，符合语境。故选A。
【38题详解】
下文“Cnsider trying several bedtime rituals befre settling n a cnsistent rutine. What’s imprtant is figuring ut what wrks fr yu. Start ut with tw r three activities accrding t yur needs and preferences.(在养成一个连贯的作息习惯之前，可以考虑尝试几个睡前仪式。重要的是弄清楚什么对你有效。根据你的需求和喜好，从两到三项活动开始)”说明本段主要讲述了根据你的需要和喜好确定一个睡前仪式，即没有一个固定的模式。E项“完美的就寝仪式没有固定的模式。”适合作本段的主旨句，统领全段。故选E。
【39题详解】
上文“If yu enjy exercise and mvement, try yga r gentle stretching. (如果你喜欢锻炼和运动，可以试试瑜伽或轻柔的伸展运动)”以及下文“If classical music calms yu, turn n sme Bach r Mzart enjying a bath.(如果古典音乐能让你平静下来，那就打开巴赫或莫扎特的音乐来洗澡)”说明了我们可以选择的睡前活动。空处和前后为并列关系，都是在举例说明我们可以选择什么样的睡眠活动。G项“如果你觉得秩序井然，就为第二天创建一个待办事项列表。”符合语境。故选G。
【40题详解】
上文“Whether yur bedtime ritual takes place in bed r smewhere else, make sure yur envirnment is relaxing. Wear cmfrtable clthes r pajamas, curl up under a czy blanket. and keep the lights lw. (无论你的就寝仪式是在床上还是在其他地方进行，都要确保你的环境是放松的。穿着舒适的衣服或睡衣，蜷缩在舒适的毯子下。并保持灯光昏暗)”说明睡前仪式需要在放松的环境下进行。空处承接上文，说明睡前仪式如果在放松的环境下进行会有助于睡眠。D项“然后到了入睡的时候，你就做好了准备。”符合语境。故选D。
第三部分语言运用(共三节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The prfessr was searching fr student vlunteers in the lecture rm fr a special Olympic event. As the sign-up sheet went up and dwn the rws, I started t cme up with my ___41___. Maybe it was the distance t the cllege where the event was t take place, r the early hur when ___42___ had t reprt fr duty. Whatever the reasns that made me hesitate, I am thankful t that day that I ___43___ up vlunteering.
I arrived at the vlunteer tent bright and early. My task was ___44___. I was t stand at the finish line nly and wait until the event was ver and then take the ___45___ t the annuncing bth(公告处). Standing at the finish line, I was able t witness many amazing effrts and clse races. I was mst impressed by the effrt each athlete put int his r her ___46___ and the sincere jy each athlete expressed while participating in a sprting event.
Then an amazing mment happened right befre my eyes. A grup f athletes were ___47___ up t run a shrt race. One f them was in a wheelchair. a little girl with a ___48___ smile, wearing bright bws in her hair. Her smile filled the stadium that day. I culdn’t help but smile back at her.
The gun sunded. They were ff. Runners sped up in the ___49___ with all their might. My eyes search fr the little girl with the bright bws. There she was, pumping her arms with all the _____50_____ she had. Her effrts were getting little result, but that did nt stp her. I nticed as she gt clser that she als had an injured arm. But that did nt stp this bright star. The race was lng ver _____51_____ the yung athlete kept pumping her arms. As she finally neared the finish line, the nise f the crwd was thunderus. There I std _____52_____, with tears falling dwn my cheeks.
After all these years, I can still hear thse cheers. I wish I culd thank that remarkable athlete fr what her effrts _____53_____ this unmtivated cllege guy. I grew up a lt that day because f the _____54_____ f that little girl in the wheelchair. I was _____55_____ that day f a pem frm a bk that states, “Whatever yu d, d it with all yur might.”
41. A. ideasB. plansC. suggestinsD. excuses
42. A. runnersB. studentsC. vlunteersD. advisrs
43. A. gaveB. endedC. stayedD. wke
44. A. simpleB. difficultC. interestingD. tiring
45. A. prizeB. athleteC. resultD. winner
46. A. mindB. eventC. victryD. bdy
47. A. mixedB. calledC. linedD. piled
48. A. hugeB. narrwC. weakD. hard
49. A. curtB. trackC. fieldD. platfrm
50. A. desiresB. curageC. energyD. dreams
51. A. butB. andC. rD. s
52. A. cheeringB. waitingC. calculatingD. recrding
53. A. paidB. wedC. disappintedD. taught
54. A. hnestyB. braveryC. ppularityD. creativity
55. A. warnedB. persuadedC. infrmedD. reminded
【答案】41. D 42. C 43. B 44. A 45. C 46. B 47. C 48. A 49. B 50. C 51. A 52. A 53. D 54. B 55. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文描述了作者大学期间在一场奥运比赛现场做志愿者的所见所感。在一项短跑比赛中，作者注意到一位坐轮椅的残疾女孩坚持用受伤的手滑动轮椅最终完成了比赛。作者在几年之后回想起这个身残志坚的女运动员依旧觉得很触动，并领悟到“不管你做什么，都要竭尽所能，全力以赴”。
【41题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当签名单在一排排的人中间传来传去时，我开始想我的借口。A. ideas主意；B. plans计划；C. suggestins建议；D. excuses借口。根据下文“Maybe it was the distance t the cllege where the event was t take place, r the early hur when ___2___ had t reprt fr duty. Whatever the reasns that made me hesitate,”可知，当志愿者的签名单在同学们中间传来传去时，作者开始为自己的不想去找借口。故选D项。
【42题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：也许是因为距离活动举办地的大学太远，或者是志愿者报到的时间太早。A. runners奔跑者；B. students学生；C. vlunteers志愿者；D. advisrs顾问。根据前文“The prfessr was searching fr student vlunteers in the lecture rm fr a special Olympic event.”以及后文“I arrived at the vlunteer tent bright and early.”可知奥运匹克项目要求志愿者早到。故选C项。
【43题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：不管是什么原因让我犹豫，我都很感谢那天我最终做了志愿者。A. gave给予；B. ended结束；C. stayed逗留，待；D. wke叫醒。end up ding sth.“以……结束，以……告终”，根据后文“I arrived at the vlunteer tent bright and early. My task was ___4___. I was t stand at the finish line nly and wait until the event was ver and then take the ___5___ t the annuncing bth(公告处).”可知作者最终成为了一名志愿者。故选B项。
【44题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很早就赶到志愿者营地，我的任务很简单。A. simple简单的；B. difficult困难的；C. interesting有趣的；D. tiring令人厌倦的。根据后文“I was t stand at the finish line nly and wait until the event was ver and then take the ___5___ t the annuncing bth(公告处).”可知我的任务就是在比赛终点，将最后结果拿到公告处，所以我的任务很简单。故选A项。
【45题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：只需要站在终点线等到比赛结束，然后将比赛结果拿到公告处。A. prize奖项；B. athlete运动员；C. result结果；D. winner获胜者。根据前文“I was t stand at the finish line nly and wait until the event was ver and then take the ”以及空后“t the annuncing bth(公告处).”可知我的任务是等到比赛结束然后将比赛结果拿到公告处。故选C项。
【46题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我印象最深刻的是每个运动员在比赛中所付出的努力，以及每个运动员在参加体育比赛时所表现出的真诚的快乐。A. mind头脑，思维；B. event大事；比赛项目；C. victry胜利；D. bdy身体。根据后文“and the sincere jy each athlete expressed while participating in a sprting event.”可知让作者印象深刻的是每个运动员都在各自的比赛项目中付出了努力。故选B项。
【47题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一群运动员排着队进行短距离赛跑。A. mixed混合；B. called叫；C. lined排队；D. piled堆积。line up排队。根据后文“The gun sunded. They were ff. Runners sped up in the ___9___ with all their might.”可知一群运动员排着队准备进行短距离赛跑。故选C项。
【48题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个带着灿烂笑容的小女孩，头上戴着明亮的蝴蝶结。A. huge大大的；B. narrw狭窄的；C. weak虚弱的；D. hard艰难的。根据后文“Her smile filled the stadium that day.”可知小姑娘的笑容非常灿烂，huge smile“灿烂的笑容”。选A项。
【49题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：赛跑者在跑道上用尽全力加速。A. curt法院；球场；B. track跑道；踪迹；C. field田地；领域；D. platfrm平台。根据上文“A grup f athletes were ___7___ up t run a shrt race.”可知此处指的是短跑项目，track“田径跑道”，符合语境。故选B项。
【50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她就在那儿，用尽全身力气挥动着双臂。A. desires渴望；B. curage勇气；C. energy能量；力气；D. dreams梦想。根据空前“There she was, pumping her arms with all the”可知小姑娘使出了全身的力气。故选C项。
【51题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：比赛早就结束了，但这位年轻运动员仍在挥动双臂。A. but但是；B. and和；C. r或者；D. s因此。根据前文“The race was lng ver ”以及“the yung athlete kept pumping her arms. As she finally neared the finish line, the nise f the crwd was thunderus.”可知比赛早已结束了，但是小姑娘依旧在奋力拼搏着。But表示转折，符合上下文语境。故选A项。
【52题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我站在那里欢呼，眼泪顺着脸颊流下来。A. cheering欢呼；B. waiting等待；C. calculating计算；D. recrding记录。根据前文“As she finally neared the finish line, the nise f the crwd was thunderus. There I std”以及空后“with tears falling dwn my cheeks.”以及后文“After all these years, I can still hear thse cheers.”可知小姑娘的表现让观众心生赞叹，不住地为她鼓掌，我也不例外。故选A项。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我真希望我能感谢那位杰出的运动员，她的努力教会了我这个没有上进心的大学生。A. paid支付；B. wed欠；C. disappinted使失望；D. taught教，教育。根据空后“this unmtivated cllege guy. I grew up a lt that day because f the ____14____ f that little girl in the wheelchair. I was ____15____ that day f a pem frm a bk that states, “Whatever yu d, d it with all yur might.””可知这位女孩的努力教会了我许多。故选D项。
【54题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为那个坐在轮椅上的小女孩的勇敢，那天我成长了很多。A. hnesty诚实；B. bravery勇气；C. ppularity流行；D. creativity创造性。根据前文“One f them was in a wheelchair. a little girl with a ___8___ smile, wearing bright bws in her hair.”以及“I nticed as she gt clser that she als had an injured arm. But that did nt stp this bright star. The race was lng ver ____11____ the yung athlete kept pumping her arms.”可知虽然身体是残疾的，但是小姑娘的内心却是强大和勇敢的。故选B项。
【55题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天的经历让我想起了一首诗中的一句话：“不管你做什么，都要竭尽所能，全力以赴。”A. warned警告；B. persuaded劝说；C. infrmed告知；D. reminded 使想起，提醒。根据空后“that day f a pem frm a bk that states, “Whatever yu d, d it with all yur might.””可知此处指的是作者想到了书上的一句话。故选D项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Yung vlunteers make a difference
Students f a Nanjing senir high schl brught jy t the elderly by vlunteering at a lcal nursing hme last weekend. The nursing hme, ___56___(lcate) n a husing estate, has 150 senir citizens, sme f ___57___ are ver 90 years ld.
Thugh it was the first time many f the students ___58___(take) part in a vlunteer prgramme like this, they were eager t share ___59___(vary) interesting tpics with the residents. After lunch the residents and the yung vlunteers amused ___60___(they) with art activities. Su Ming, 16, said he hped t return here regularly t spend time with the senirs that he made friends ___61___.
Wang Hng, ___62___ prgramme rganizer, said, “I ___63___(cncern) that the students and the elderly wuldn’t get alng easily, ___64___ it turned ut t be ppsite. I can say that tday’s activities have made a big difference t the ___65___(life) f the residents and the students.”
【答案】56. lcated
57. whm 58. had taken
59. varius##varied
60. themselves
61. with 62. the
63. was cncerned
64. but 65. lives
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了南京中学一所高中学生于周末在养老院做志愿者活动，给老人们带去了欢乐。
【56题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：这家养老院位于住宅区，，有150多名老年人，其中一些人已经90多岁了。分析句子可知，本句的谓语为“has”，设空处与谓语没有并列连词连接，所以空处为非谓语。短语：be lcated n“位于……”，所以此处用过去分词lcated，故填lcated。
【57题详解】
考查非限制性定语从句。句意同上。句中“sme f are ver 90 years ld”为非限制性定语从句，先行词为“150 senir citizens”，在从句中作介词f的宾语，sme f sb.“……中的一些人”，所以空处用关系代词whm，故填whm。
【58题详解】
考查时态。句意：尽管这是许多学生第一次参加这样的志愿者活动，但他们渴望与老人们分享各种有趣的话题。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作谓语，“it was the first time that”为固定句型，主句用was，从句中的谓语动词使用过去完成时。故填had taken。
【59题详解】
考查形容词。句意同上。空处为定语，修饰名词tpics，所以此处用形容词。vary“变化”为动词，其形容词形式为varius/varied，故填varius/varied。
【60题详解】
考查反身代词。句意：句意：午饭后，住在养老院的人和年轻的志愿者用艺术活动自娱自乐。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作宾语，与主语“the residents and the yung vlunteers ”为同一个身份，指“他们自己”，宾语和主语指同一人时，宾语用反身代词。故填themselves。
【61题详解】
考查介词。句意：16岁的苏说他希望能定期到养老院和与他交朋友的老人们一起度过快乐时光。短语：make friends with sb.“与某人交朋友”，分析句子，“that he made friends ”为定语从句，先行词为“the senirs”，指人，在从句中作介词with的宾语，所以空格处填with，故填with。
【62题详解】
考查定冠词。句意：活动组织者王红说：“我原本担心学生和老人相处不太好，但幸运的是，结果恰恰相反。我可以说，今天的活动对居民和学生的生活都产生了很大的影响。”分析句子可知，空处指“这次活动的组织者”，是特指的，所以此处用定冠词the，故填the。
【63题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：活动组织者王红说：“我原本担心学生和老人相处不太好，但幸运的是，结果恰恰相反。我可以说，今天的活动对居民和学生的生活都产生了很大的影响。”结合句中“and the elderly wuldn’t get alng easily”可知，空处的时态应为一般过去时，表示“作者原本担心”，短语：be cncerned that“担心……”，所以空处填was cncerned，故填was cncerned。
【64题详解】
考查连词。句意：活动组织者王红说：“我原本担心学生和老人相处不太好，但幸运的是，结果恰恰相反。我可以说，今天的活动对居民和学生的生活都产生了很大的影响。”结合句中设空前后内容分析，可知，空后的内容和前文为转折关系。but“但是”表示转折，故填but。
【65题详解】
考查名词复数。句意同上。空处应填名词作宾语；结合下文“f the residents and the students”可知，这里指“学生们和居民们的生活”，所以用复数名词。故填lives。
第三节课文默写(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分)
66. Tday, acupuncture is recgnized as a symbl f traditinal Chinese culture and has____________________ arund the wrld.(根据句意填空)
【答案】cme int widespread use
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：今天，针灸被公认为中国传统文化的象征，并在世界各地广泛使用。根据上文“Tday, acupuncture is recgnized as a symbl f traditinal Chinese culture(今天，针灸被公认为中国传统文化的象征)”以及下文“arund the wrld(在世界各地)”可推理出空白处应填表示“广泛使用”含义的表达，可用cme int widespread use，根据空白处前面的助动词has可知本句谓语动词使用了现在完成时，空白处填动词的过去分词，故填cme int widespread use。
67. One truly unique scenic spt in Canada is the mighty Niagara Falls with water rushing ver its edge ____________________ f sights and sunds. (根据句意填空)
【答案】in a splendid display
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语。句意：加拿大一个真正独特的景点是强大的尼亚加拉瀑布，水从它的边缘奔流而下，呈现出壮丽的景象和声音。分析句子结构可知，空处需要介词短语做状语。in a splendid display f“精彩的展示了……”，符合语境。故填in a splendid display。
68. Despite ____________________ this technlgy, its pssibilities have been creating much excitement thrughut the entire medical cmmunity and beynd. (根据句意填空)
【答案】the public argument ver
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词和名词。句意：尽管公众对这项技术存在争议，但它的可能性已经在整个医学界内外引起了极大的兴奋。根据Despite和“its pssibilities have been creating much excitement thrughut the entire medical cmmunity and beynd”可知，句子表示“尽管公众对这项技术存在争议，但它的可能性已经在整个医学界内外引起了极大的兴奋”，空格处意为“公众对……的争议”，“公众的”用public，“对……的争议”是the argument ver，因此空格处是the public argument ver。故填the public argument ver。
69. It is this kind f inspiratin that ____________________ knwledge alive and ensures that advances in space explratin and many ther fields will cntinue t be made. (根据句意填空)
【答案】keeps ur thirst fr
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语和时态。句意：正是这种灵感使我们保持对知识的渴望，并确保在太空探索和许多其他领域将继续取得进步。根据句意，表示“保持对……的渴望”可用动词短语keep thirst fr...表示，作谓语，描述一般性事实用一般现在时态，主语this kind f inspiratin(强调句中被强调部分)是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式；表示“我们的”，用形容词性物主代词ur作定语。故填keeps ur thirst fr。
70. While AI enthusiasts prmise us a bright future ____________________, these undubted benefits als bring cncerns and fears. (根据句意填空)
【答案】where intelligent rbts will be wrking t ur advantage
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：虽然人工智能爱好者向我们承诺了一个光明的未来，智能机器人将为我们服务，但这些毋庸置疑的好处也带来了担忧和恐惧。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词future，关系词替代先行词在定语从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导定语从句。根据“these undubted benefits”可知，定语从句描述AI带来的好处。intelligent rbts“智能机器人”，在定语从句中作主语，定语从句中为将来进行时态，表示将来的某一时间点或某一时间段正在发生的事情。wrk t ur advantage“对我们有利”。故填where intelligent rbts will be wrking t ur advantage。
第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
71. 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Jim假期要到你的家乡来旅行，Jim来信向你询问一日游旅行计划，请你给他回信，内容包括：
1.家乡简介；
2.具体计划；
3.表达祝愿。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Jim,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jim,
I am mre than delighted t knw that yu are ging t visit Changsha, and it’s my pleasure t be yur guide. Changsha is the prvincial capital f Hunan which is renwned fr its human histry, wnderful culture and natural beauty. Nw I have a ne-day trip fr yu.
In the mrning, we’ll start ur trip at Yuelu Academy, which is a must-see turist attractin. Lcated n the beautiful Yuelu Muntain, it is cnsidered as the cradle f Hunan culture. After that, we can climb Yuelu Muntain t enjy the beautiful nature. In the afternn, we are ging t Orange Island, where we can strll alng the tree-lined paths, enjying beautiful views f the river. In the evening, we will end ur trip at Huangxing Rad Walking Street, where yu can experience the nightlife in Changsha and enjy a wide range f lcal dishes.
I hpe yu are excited abut the ne-day travel plan f Changsha. I am sure yu will be impressed by its attractins, fd, culture and peple. Lking frward t shwing yu arund sn.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英国朋友Jim写封信，告诉他在你家乡一日游的旅行计划，内容包括：1.家乡简介；2.具体计划；3.表达祝愿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：delighted→pleased
使位于：lcate→situate
兴奋的：excited→thrilled
被认为是：be cnsidered as→be regarded as
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：After that, we can climb Yuelu Muntain t enjy the beautiful nature.
拓展句：After that, we can climb Yuelu Muntain, where we can enjy the beautiful nature.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Changsha is the prvincial capital f Hunan which is renwned fr its human histry, wnderful culture and natural beauty. (运用了which引导的限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] In the evening, we will end ur trip at Huangxing Rad Walking Street, where yu can experience the nightlife in Changsha and enjy a wide range f lcal dishes.(运用了where引导的非限制性定语从句)
第二节(满分25分)
72. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I lked at my father's sugar-crusted hands, his shcked eyes, and I knew that I was breaking his heart. It was the wrst time t say anything, t just blurt it ut like this while we were cking and preparing the huse fr guests—especially because my father was busy ding the ne thing that I was abut t tell them that I wuld never d. But I culdn't hld it in any lnger, and I needed t say smething nw, therwise I wuld just be delaying the inevitable and prbably have an anxiety-caused breakdwn in the meantime.
We were standing in the kitchen while my family was scattered arund the living rm tidying up, pretending nt t listen and clearly listening: Sft ftsteps apprached, and my mther was nw with us in the kitchen. “What is this, Beta?” she said. She was shcked; I was ashamed.
“I'm srry,” I said miserably. “But I can't d it. I'm nt gd at cking. Everything I tuch cmes ut wrng，and tastes terrible. Even the simple lads I try t make fall apart.
“Yu have t practice, Beta, my father explded. “Yu dn't practice enugh! All yu d is sit in yur rm, and write in that jurnal...”
“I want t be a writer.” I cried ut what had been reverberating in my mind fr the last three years.
My parents were astnished. “The sweet stre is yur duty, Beta. Yur duty t yur family. We're cunting n yu because yu are ur daughter.” my father spke as thugh this was all that needed t be said.
My heart sank.
My father gave me a hard lk. “When yur grandfather cmes ver fr dinner,” he warned, “dn't say a wrd t him.”
“He's still recvering frm his surgery,” my mther added severely.
My father turned back t shaping the lads. “We'll discuss this later,” he said abruptly, and the cnversatin was ver.
When the rest f the family came ver that evening, I fund myself sitting next t my grandfather. Everyne laughed and jked except me. When there was a perid f quietness in the cnversatin, my grandfather said, “Beta, cme with me t the kitchen.”
注意：1.续写词数应为 150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Once we reached the kitchen, he asked me what's wrng.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
But my grandfather stpped him with a lk, and gently laid a hand n my arm.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Once we reached the kitchen, he asked me what was wrng. I wanted t tell him everything, but didn’t want t disappint him the way I had disappinted my parents. Furthermre, my mther’s cmment abut his surgery was n my mind. S I shk my head. At that mment, my father came int the kitchen. My grandfather lked at him, cncerned, and then asked the same questin. My father frze mmentarily and then assured him with a big smile that I was just tired. Then he grabbed my arm t drag me away.
But my grandfather stpped him with a lk, and gently laid a hand n my arm. Suddenly, I culdn’t cntain my feeling and burst int tears. I lked at him and sbbingly said, “I dn’t want t make sweets. I dn’t want t run the stre.” My grandfather std quietly fr a mment, absrbing this; then he lked at me and said simply, “Then yu will nt make sweets.” “But what else can she d?” my father said, frustrated. “Well, she’s an excellent stryteller. I imagine she’ll be a writer,” my grandfather said.
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者想成为一名作家，但是父亲却希望作者接管糖果店，还让作者不要把这件事告诉刚做完手术的祖父。但是祖父却看出了作者的不开心，最后祖父得知真相后，支持作者去当一名作家。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我们一到厨房，他就问我出了什么事。”可知，第一段可描写作者矛盾的内心活动，以及此时父亲的一些举动。
②由第二段首句内容“但祖父看了他一眼，让他停下来，然后轻轻地把一只手放在我胳膊上。”可知，第二段可描写作者最后忍不住还是告诉了祖父自己的想法，祖父也表示支持。
2.续写线索：来到厨房——祖父询问原因——作者内心矛盾——父亲来到厨房想带走作者——祖父阻止父亲——作者说出内心想法——祖父表示支持
3.词汇激活
行为类
走近：cme int/get int
看着：lk at/ stare at
抑制：cntain/ hld back
情绪类
失望：disappint / disappinted/ let sb. dwn
安静：quietly /silently
【点睛】[高分句型1] My father frze mmentarily and then assured him with a big smile that I was just tired.(运用了that引导宾语从句)
[高分句型2] My grandfather std quietly fr a mment, absrbing this; then he lked at me and said simply, “Then yu will nt make sweets.”(运用了现在分词作状语)
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