牛津译林版Grammar优秀课堂检测

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知识精讲
一、基本概念
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。巧记为：主动、主动、主去动。
例如：many peple speak English.
谓语：speak的动作是由主语many peple来执行的。
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。巧记为：被动、被动、主被动。例如：English is spken by many peple.主语English是动词speak的承受者。
例如：He pened the dr.他开了门。（主动句）
The dr was pened.门被开了。（被动句）
二、基本分类
被动语态的构成
被动语态由“be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。不及物动词本身没有被动语态。
及物动词---本身意义不完整，后必须带宾语，有些还可以带双宾。
不及物动词---本身意义完整，不需要带宾语，如带宾语必须通过介词。
人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以eat为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。
一般现在时：am／is／are＋eaten
一般过去时：was／were＋eaten
一般将来时：will be＋eaten
现在完成时：have／has been＋eaten
三、主动语态变被动语态的方法
(1)把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。
(2)把谓语变成被动结构(be＋过去分词) (根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式)。
(3)把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。例如：
All the peple laughed at him.
--- He was laughed at by all peple.
They make the bikes in the factry.
---The bikes are made by them in the factry.
四、含有情态动词的被动语态
含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，由“情态动词＋be＋过去分词”构成，原来带t的情态动词变成被动语态后“t”仍要保留。
We can repair this watch in tw days.
---This watch can be repaired in tw days.
We must finish this wrk sn.
---This wrk must be dne sn.
能力拓展
完成句子
1．吃饭之前必须洗手。
Yur hands ________ ________ ________ befre meals.
2．上公交车前必须向司机出示你的穗康码。
Yur Suikang cde ________ ________ ________ t the driver ________ yu get n the bus.
3．我们应该永远铭记中国的历史。
The Chinese histry ________ ________ ________ by us frever.
4．昨天，这张桌子被搬到图书馆了。
The desk ________ ________ t the library yesterday.
5．可怜的小狗遇到了善良的女孩儿，得到了细心照顾。
The pr dg met a kind girl and ________ ________ ________ well by her.
分层提分
题组A 能力提升练
6．Lei Feng has died, but his spirits shuld ________ by us.
A．learnB．be learntC．learnsD．be learning
7．The yung trees ______ every day, r they’ll die.
A．must waterB．can be wateredC．must be wateredD．shuld be watering
8．The new schl in this area ________ next year.
A．will be builtB．will buildC．is ging t buildD．builds
9．This kind f watch ________ in Italy.
A．can buyB．be buyC．can be buyD．can be bught
10．A new cinema ________ here. They hpe t finish it next mnth.
A．will be builtB．is builtC．has been builtD．is being built
11．—A new airprt will be built in Tantu, Lnghui.
—Gd news! But a lt f gd farmland ________.
A．shuld be wastedB．cannt be wastedC．may be wastedD．must waste
12．Many trees and flwers ________ next year t make Guangzhu mre beautiful.
A．will plantB．will plantedC．being plantedD．will be planted
13．Badaling part f the Ming Great Wall ________ many centuries ag. It is very famus in the wrld.
A．buildsB．builtC．is builtD．was built
14．The muntains ________ with trees in a few years.
A．are cveredB．are cveringC．will cverD．will be cvered
15．The questin __________ three hurs later.
A．discussedB．will discussC．will be discussedD．is discussed
16．—The bk-display hall is filled ________ peple at the mment.
—I can’t even squeeze in and it’s said a lt f bks ________.
A．with; have been sld utB．f; had been sld
C．with: had sld wellD．f; were sld ut
17．—Were thse Christmas presents ________ the children in the hspital?
—Yes, Heidi will ________ a ty car as a present this year.
A．bught fr; be given
B．buy t; give
C．bught fr; be given t
D．bught; be giving
18．—Peter gt seriusly ________ in the car accident last week.
—Yes, he did. And he is ________ in the hspital nw.
A．was hurt; taken gd careB．was hurt; taken gd care f
C．hurt; being taken gd care fD．hurt; taken gd care
19．—What ________ when yu ________ this mrning?
—I was smiling int the mirrr.
A．wuld yu d; called
B．were yu ding; were wanted
C．are yu ding; were calling
D．were yu ding; wanted
20．—Lse r small parts f tys must ________ tddlers.
—OK. I will make sure ________ all tys are stred in a safe place befre they cme in.
A．keep frm; f
B．be kept away; that
C．be kept away frm; f
D．be kept away frm; /
21．This kind f flwers shuld ________ every day.
A．waterB．is wateredC．are wateredD．be watered
22．Hngku Ftball Stadium ______ sn t becme a “ftball and sprts landmark” in Shanhgai.
A．was rebuiltB．will rebuildC．will be rebuiltD．rebuilt
23．— When shall we g and play basketball?
— Nt until the wrk ________.
A．is finishedB．finishesC．will finishD．will be finished
题组B 培优拔尖练
24．In Switzerland, things like glass and plastic ________ int different grups and then recycled.
A．separateB．separatedC．are separated
25．We are made ________ mre cnfident by ur teacher.
A．t beB．beingC．be
26．Danny, yu can g ut t play, but yur hmewrk ________first.
A．will finishB．has finishedC．finishesD．shuld be finished
27．We will fly a kite as sn as yur hmewrk ________.
A．finishesB．will be finishedC．has finishedD．is finished
28．It was reprted that nine Chinese peple ________ in a balln crash（坠毁）in Egypt n February 26, 2013.
A．are killedB．were killedC．will killD．have killed
29．—D yu knw Earth Day?
—Sure. It ________ in 1970 t tell us t prtect ur planet.
A．sets upB．set upC．is set upD．was set up
30．—China’s ht wrds, like tuha, dama and renxing, ________ widely in the Western media last year.
—Really?
A．useB．are usedC．usedD．were used