重庆市2023-2024学年高二下学期开学学业质量联合调研英语试卷(含答案)

这是一份重庆市2023-2024学年高二下学期开学学业质量联合调研英语试卷(含答案)，共21页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，短文填空，书面表达，读后续写等内容，欢迎下载使用。

一、阅读理解
Thusands f bks are published daily, and bk advertisements play a crucial rle in increasing awareness abut thse bks. But it’s t easy t be tricked int bad “advertising pprtunities” and make the wrng decisins. Here are several frms f digital advertising prven t wrk well.
Facebk advertising: Facebk prvides the perfect advertising platfrm fr authrs because it allws targeting very specific categries f peple. The ther advantage is that it’s easy t test. Yu can start with a budget as lw as $5 and gradually increase yur mnetary (货币的) cmmitment if yur return n investment is psitive.
Amazn advertising: Amazn allws yu t shw ads abut yur bk directly n ther bk pages and search result pages. Since their main US rllut in 2017, they’ve becme the mst effective advertising place fr authrs.
Bkbub advertising: Bkbub rlled ut a self-serve ad platfrm in 2016, which they’ve greatly imprved since. It’s a less cmpetitive playing field than Facebk r Amazn, but it des have its features.
Discunt/prmtin advertising: If yu’re running a discunt r free prmtin n ne f yur bks, yu can apply t have it advertised in the newsletters f platfrms such as Freebksy, Bargainbksy, etc.
Other types f advertising include search advertising, Gdreads advertising, banner ads n websites, etc. These haven’t prduced the same effective results fr mst authrs yet, but they culd be just as effective (r mre) if yu write in a certain field.
1．What is special abut the Facebk advertising?
A. It is easy fr authrs t access.
B. It aims at saving mney fr readers.
C. It allws adjusting investment by prfit.
D. It includes different categries f infrmatin.
2．Which is suitable t prmte yur bk with a discunt?
A. Facebk.B. Amazn.C. Bkbub.D. Freebksy.
3．What is the purpse f the text?
A. T get readers t buy mre bks.
B. T raise peple’s reading awareness.
C. T ffer authrs advertising platfrms.
D. T help publishers cmmunicate with readers.
As far as we knw batteries are playing an imprtant rle in ur life. We culdn’t live withut batteries. Why s? Batteries prvide pwer fr anything frm small sensrs t large systems. While scientists are finding ways t make them smaller but even mre pwerful, prblems can arise when these batteries are much larger and heavier than the devices themselves. University f Missuri (MU) researchers are develping a nuclear energy surce that is smaller, lighter and mre efficient.
“T prvide enugh pwer, we need certain methds with high energy density (密度)”, said Jae Kwn, assistant prfessr f electrical and cmputer engineering at MU. “The radiistpe (放射性同位素) battery can prvide pwer density that is much higher than chemical batteries.”
Kwn and his research team have been wrking n building a small nuclear battery, presently the size and thickness f a penny, intended t pwer varius micr / nanelectrmechanreal systems (M/NEMS). Althugh nuclear batteries can cause cncerns, Kwn said, they are safe.
“Peple bear the wrd ‘nuclear’ and think f smething very dangerus,” he said, “Hwever, nuclear pwer surces have already been safely pwering a variety f devices, such as pace-makers, space satellites and underwater systems.”
His new idea is nt nly in the battery’s size, but als in its semicnductr (半导体). Kwn’s battery uses a liquid semicnductr rather than a slid semicnductr.
“The key part f using a radiactive battery is that when yu harvest the energy, part f the radiatin energy can damage the lattice structure (晶体结构) f the slid semicnductr, Kwn said, “By using a liquid semicnductr, we believe we can minimize that prblem.”
Tgether with J. David Rbertsn, chemistry prfessr and assciate directr f the MU Research Reactr, Kwn is wrking t build and test the battery. In the future, they hpe t increase the battery’s pwer, shrink its size and try with varius ther materials. Kwn said that battery culd be thinner than the thickness f human hair.
4．Accrding t paragraph 1 and 2, we can learn that ________.
A. batteries can nly pwer small sensrs
B. the larger batteries are, the mre pwer they can prvide
C. Jae Kwn is wrking hard t imprve chemical batteries
D. certain methds with high energy density can prvide pwer abundantly
5．Jae Kwn gave examples in Paragraph 4 ________.
A. t intrduce varius energy surces
B. t describe a nuclear-pwered system
C. t intrduce nuclear batteries can be safely used
D. t shw chemical batteries are widely applied
6．Liquid semicnductr is used t ________.
A. get rid f the radiactive wasteB. decline the damage t lattice structure
C. test the pwer f nuclear batteriesD. decrease the size f nuclear batteries
7．Accrding t Jae Kwn, his nuclear battery ________.
A. culd be extremely thinB. will sn replace the present nes has
C. uses a slid semicnductrD. passed the final test
In the annals f human histry, few subjects have generated as much excitement, debate, and guess as artificial intelligence (AI). This revlutinary technlgy, which enables machines t perfrm tasks that nce required human intelligence, has the ptential t transfrm every part f ur sciety, frm healthcare and finance t transprtatin and entertainment.
At its heart, AI is all abut data. Massive amunts f data are fed int algrithms that learn frm this data, allwing them t make predictins, recgnize patterns, and even make decisins. This “machine learning” is the driving frce behind many f the AI applicatins we see tday, frm virtual assistants like Siri and Alexa t mre advanced systems like IBM’s Watsn, which can analyze vast amunts f infrmatin t assist dctrs in diagnsing diseases.
The transfrmative ptential f AI is undeniable. In the medical field, fr instance, AI can assist in early detectin f diseases, predict patient utcmes, and even suggest treatment ptins. In finance, algrithms can predict stck market trends, and prvide persnalized financial advice. In transprtatin, self-driving cars equipped with AI systems prmise t reduce accidents, ease traffic jams, and transfrm urban landscapes.
Hwever, with great ptential cmes great respnsibility. The rise f AI has caused debates abut is ethical implicatins (道德含义). The machines are nly as gd as the data they are fed, and there’s a grwing cncern abut biases (偏见) being built int AI systems. Fr instance, facial recgnitin technlgies, used in everything frm unlcking phnes t plice mnitring cameras, have cme under check fr misidentifying individuals based n race r gender.
Mrever, the widespread adptin f AI culd lead t significant jb displacement. While new rles and industries might emerge as a result f AI, it is nt sure that these will pay ff the jbs lst. This culd increase incme inequalities and causes difficulties t scial systems.
Anther majr cncern is the “black bx” nature f AI. Many AI systems perate in ways that even their creatrs dn’t fully understand. This can be prblematic, especially in critical applicatins like healthcare r criminal justice where understanding the lgic behind a decisin is imprtant.
Then there’s the ptential fr AI t be weapnized. In the hands f evil actrs, AI culd be used t spread misinfrmatin, cntrl public pinin, r even engage in internet warfare. The glbal cmmunity must cme tgether t set standards and regulatins t prevent such misuse.
On the brighter side, many experts believe that by setting the right framewrks and investing in educatin and retraining, we can use the pwer f AI fr the greater gd. By fstering (促进) a culture f cntinuus learning and staying abreast (并排的，并肩的) f technlgical advancements, sciety can benefit frm the prmise f AI while aviding its ptential dangers.
In cnclusin, artificial intelligence stands as ne f the mst prfund inventins f ur time. While it ffers vast pprtunities, it als pses significant challenges that we, as a sciety, must welcme. As we stand at this technlgical crssrads, ur chices will determine whether AI serves as a benefit r a harm fr humanity.
8．Which f the fllwing best describes the methd by which machines acquire the capability t perfrm tasks that traditinally required human intelligence?
A. By prgramming predefined rules.
B. Thrugh user interactins every day.
C. By ingesting and prcessing vast amunts f data.
D. Via regular sftware updates frm develpers.
9．In the cntext f the article, hw des the authr primarily demnstrate the effect f artificial intelligence?
A. By citing numerus statistical data.
B. By presenting bth the psitive ptential and the challenges f AI.
C. Thrugh persnal experiences.
D. By fcusing n the negative effects f AI.
10．Which f the fllwing is the best title?
A. The Rise f Virtual Assistants: Siri and Alexa
B. Understanding the Mechanisms Behind AI Algrithms
C. Artificial Intelligence: Charting the Curse fr Tmrrw’s Tech
D. Balancing the Ptential and challenges f AI in Mdern Sciety
11．What can we learn frm the passage?
A. AI has already replaced mst human jbs and is the leading cause f unemplyment.
B. The glbal cmmunity has taken measures t prevent AI misuse.
C. The peratin f many AI systems is easily understd by their creatrs.
D. The slving t the dilemma brught by AI needs cllective effrts f ur sciety.
Frzen in time, a 125-millin-year-ld mammal attacking a dinsaur. A 39-millin-year-ld whale, the heaviest animal that ever lived. The ldest knwn jellyfish, frm 505 millin years ag. Palentlgy (古生物学) prduces newswrthy discveries.
Fssils (化石), mrever, prvide direct evidence fr the lng histry f life, allwing palentlgists t test hyptheses (假设) abut evlutin with data nly they prvide. They allw investigatin f present and past life n Earth. Flws f bilgical diversity, appearances f new life frms and the extinctins f lng existing nes, wuld g undiscvered withut these effrts. But the headlines ver exciting new fssils greatly underestimate the true imprtance f palentlgy. Its real significance lies in hw such discveries brighten the grand histry f life n Earth. Frm its beginnings, mre than three billin years ag, t the present day, fssils recrd hw life adapted r disappeared in the face f majr envirnmental challenges.
Palentlgists prvide us with a unique vantage n mdern climate change. They play an essential rle in interpreting ancient envirnments, in recnstructing ancient ceans, cntinents and climates. Fssils prvide key limitatin n the climate mdels that are essential fr predicting future climate change. And the fssil recrd gives imprtant insights int hw life will respnd t predicted future climate cnditins, because these have ccurred befre in Earth’s histry.
In additin, palentlgy has prvided a fundamental cntributin t human thught: the reality f species extinctin and thus f a wrld that has dramatically changed ver time. In dcumenting the histry f life, palentlgists recgnized that many extinctin episdes culd ccur suddenly, such as the event 66 millin years ag that ended the dinsaurs. The search fr the causes f past mass extinctins started pineering studies frm acrss the scientific spectrum (科学界), fcusing n ptential future threats t humanity.
Nt nly d palentlgists knw what happens t life when things g bad, they als knw hw lng it takes fr ecsystems and bidiversity t recver frm these disasters, which can take far lnger than mdern humans have existed.
Palentlgists thus prvide a unique perspective n the nature and future lng-term eclgical impact f the current human-prduced bidiversity crisis, the s-called Sixth Extinctin, and therefre the imprtance f prtecting mdern bidiversity. The very cncept f a Sixth Extinctin wuld nt exist withut palentlgists dcumenting the first five.
Palentlgists knw that understanding life’s past is critical t anticipating and adapting t life’s and humanity’s future. Palentlgy is imprtant because it brings its unique and critical perspective t current challenges in climate change, bidiversity lss and the envirnment. Palentlgists can predict the future because they knw the past.
12．The first tw paragraphs are written t _______.
A. describe an eventB. raise a questin
C. present an pininD. make a cmparisn
13．What des the underlined wrd “vantage” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. A psitive effect.B. A valuable suggestin.
C. A quick decisin.D. A cmprehensive view.
14．Which f the fllwing wuld the authr agree with?
A. Eclgical recvery takes shrter than imagined.
B. Past lessns can help t predict the future threats.
C. Palentlgists can handle the bidiversity crisis.
D. Fssil studies fcus n the causes f mass extinctins.
15．What’s the best title fr the passage?
A. Palentlgy: A Pineering Study
B. Palentlgy: A Histry Recrder
C. Palentlgy Tells Mre Abut Nature Than Humans
D. Palentlgy Is Far Mre Than New Fssil Discveries
二、七选五
16．Active listening is a cmmunicatin skill that invlves ging beynd simply hearing the wrds that anther persn speaks but als seeking t understand the meaning and intentin behind them. The wrd “active” implies that yu are taking sme type f actin when listening t thers. ①_______
Be fully present
Active listening requires being fully present in the cnversatin. It enables yu t cncentrate n what is being said. Being present invlves listening with all yur senses and giving yur full attentin t the speaker. T use this active listening technique effectively, put away yur cell phne, ignre distractins, and shut dwn yur internal dialgue. ② And let everything else slip away.
Pay attentin t nn-verbal cues (非言语暗示)
As much as 65% f a persn’s cmmunicatin is unspken, ③ . This invlves nt flding yur arms, smiling while listening, leaning in, and ndding at key pints. It can als be helpful t pay attentin t yur facial expressins when active listening s that yu dn’t cnvey any type f negative respnse.
Keep gd eye cntact
When engaged in active listening, making eye cntact is especially imprtant. This tells the ther persn that yu are present and listening t what he r she says. ④ At the same time, yu dn’t want t use s much eye cntact that the cnversatin feels strange. T keep this frm happening, fllw the 50/70 rule. This invlves maintaining eye cntact fr 50% t 70% f the time spent listening, hlding the cntact fr fur t five secnds befre briefly lking away.
Be patient
Patience is an imprtant active listening technique because it allws the ther persn t speak withut interruptin. Being patient invlves nt trying t fill perids f silence with yur wn thughts r stries. This als requires listening t understand, nt t respnd.⑤ Als, dn’t change the subject t abruptly as this cnveys bredm and impatience.
A. Dn’t prepare a reply while listening.
B. It als shws that yu aren’t distracted.
C. This isn’t helpful during active listening.
D. S use pen, nn-threatening bdy language.
E. Dn’t fcus t much n insignificant details.
F. Place yur fcus n yur cnversatin partner.
G. This invlves using certain strategies r techniques.
三、完形填空（15空）
Even when yu have cnfidence in yurself, yur gals will smetimes seem ut f reach. When that happens, get hld f the peple wh 1 yu and yur gals and dn’t let g!
When I was yunger, I 2 because life felt s hard. I had 3 t becme a teacher r a business administratr. I knew I needed a cllege degree, but I had 4 believing in myself. Then a teacher in my high schl 5 me. He tld me three things: First, if yu dn’t believe in yurself, it will be 6 t get anyne else t believe in yu. Secnd, never let ther peple’s 7 t see yur brilliance prevent yu frm being brilliant. And third, despite life’s 8 , stick t creating the future yu want.
Early in my 9 , I was teaching a wrkshp when a persn in the audience yelled ut t me. He tld me I had 10 made a jb chice and had a bright future. This 11 feedback (反馈)came at just the right time, because while the audience didn’t knw it, I was 12 self-dubt.
Even nw, I 13 myself that I have a bright future. That’s what I tell myself when I 14 success and failure. Yu have a bright future ahead. Think abut this every single day. Remember yur talents, skills, and interests. Explre the jbs that interest yu, and have curage—and mst 15 , believe in yurself.
17．A. refer tB. depend nC. learn frmD. believe in
18．A. quitB. struggledC. regrettedD. argued
19．A. respnsibilitiesB. dreams
C. pprtunitiesD. dubts
20．A. stppedB. admittedC. allwedD. cnsidered
21．A. trackedB. recmmendedC. accmpaniedD. encuraged
22．A. seriusB. pssibleC. hardD. necessary
23．A. requestB. unwillingnessC. inabilityD. attempt
24．A. difficultiesB. ptinsC. aimsD. standards
25．A. careerB. experimentC. businessD. recvery
26．A. flishlyB. simplyC. wiselyD. bravely
27．A. riginalB. familiarC. typicalD. psitive
28．A. lking intB. taking dwnC. dealing withD. pinting ut
29．A. intrduceB. remindC. guaranteeD. warn
30．A. experienceB. describeC. cmpareD. limit
31．A. prbablyB. frtunatelyC. bviuslyD. imprtantly
四、短文填空
32．China’s Explsive Artist
Cai Guqiang’s practice spans frm, gunpwder drawings t ephemeral sculptures and mnumental installatins, all f ① are rich with references t Chinese histry, Taist csmlgy and current plitical events. Cai deals with the latter in a spectacular installatin fr I Want t Believe, his 2008 retrspective in New Yrk, frm the centre f the Guggenheim rtunda the artist—a② (train) set designer, by the way—suspended Inpprtune: Stage One (2004), cnsisting f a series f nine cars ③ (hver) in mid air t represent in cinematic prgressin the effect f a car bmb.
Since the 1980s, Cai has been wrking n drawings realized by ④ (ignite) explsive pwder n large sheets f paper. These wrks pssess an aura ⑤ evkes bth the vivid gestures f abstract expressinism and the quieter surfaces f Chinese traditinal painting. Gunpwder is als at the centre f a series f envirnmental wrks, begun in 1989, ⑥ cmbine the traditin f Land Art with ⑦ f Chinese firewrks. Fr his explsin events, Cai stages pyrtechnical chregraphies that sketch temprary drawing space.
Cai’s ⑧ (participate) in many internatinal events, impses himself as ne f the strngest in the sky. These events are als meant t act as scial, festive cllective experiences that the artist—nt withut irny—believes culd be perceived even frm uter artists t emerge frm China. At the Venice Biennale 1999 he ⑨ (award) the Glden Lin far Venice’s Rent Cllectin Curtyard (1999), a series f unfired clay sculptures ⑩ rganized the pening ceremny fr the 2008 Olympic Games in Beijing.
五、书面表达
33．假定你是李华，你的好友 Simn对中国文化很感兴趣，委托你帮忙报名校国画俱乐部，但因人数已满报名不成功，请给他写一封邮件，内容要点如下：
1.告知报名未成功；
2.推荐其他俱乐部。
3.期待
注意：写作词数应为80左右。
Dear Simn,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
六、读后续写
34．In my cmmunity, there is a little by wh suffered frm cngenital muscle disease. He always cnsidered himself the mst unfrtunate persn in the wrld. Althugh he lked n different frm rdinary peple, it’s difficult fr him t d sme delicate mvements. He ften lst cntrl f his hands and drpped things n the grund. Even after a shrt run, he wuld easily get ut f breath. Depressin and inferirity made him almst always alne. All f these make his mther very wrried.
Then ne spring, the by’s mther bught sme saplings (树苗) frm a nearby market. She intended t plant them in the frecurt. She tld her children t plant a sapling each persn. The mther said t her three children, “Whse seedling grws best, I will buy him r her a favrite gift.” The by als wanted t get his mther’s gift. But seeing his brthers and sisters carrying water t water the trees happily, anyhw, an idea hit him: he hped the tree he planted wuld die sn. S watering it nce r twice, he never attended t it.
Several days later, when the little by went t see his tree again, he was surprised t find it grew sme fresh leaves instead f withering (枯萎), and cmpared with the trees f his brther and sister, his appeared greener and mre vital. He wndered what n earth had happened. As expected, his mther kept her prmise, bught the little by his favrite gift and said t him, “Frm the tree yu plant, yu will becme an utstanding btanist (植物学家) when yu grw up.”
Since then, the little by slwly became ptimistic. One day, the little by lay n the bed but culdn’t sleep. Lking at the bright mnlight utside the windw, he suddenly recalled what the bi lgy teacher nce said, plants generally grw at night.
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
“Why nt g t the frecurt and take a lk at my tree?” he said t himself.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Frm that night n, he understd what his mther meant and decided t change himself.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段"The ther advantage is that it's easy t test. Yu can start with a budget as lw as $5 and gradually increase yur mnetary(货币的)cmmitment if yur return n investment is psitive.(另一个优点是它很容易测试。你可以从低至5美元的预算开始，如果你的投资回报是积极的，你可以逐渐增加你的资金投入。)"可知，Facebk的广告很容易测试， 可以从低预算开始，如果回报很好，就可以增加资金投入。故选C。
2．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第五段"Discunt/prmtin advertising: If yu're running a discunt r free prmtin n ne f yur bks, yu can apply t have it advertised in the newsletters f platfrms such as Freebksy, Bargainbksy, etc.(折扣促销广告: 如果你正在对你的某本书进行折扣或免费促销，你可以申请在Freebksy、 Bargainbksy等平台的新闻通讯中做广告。)"可 知，如果你正在对你的某本书进行折扣或免费促销，你可以申请在Freebksy, Bargainbksy等平台的新闻通讯中做广告。故 选D。
3．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第一段"Thusands f bks are published daily, and bk advertisements play a crucial rle in increasing awareness abut thse bks. But it's t easy t be tricked int bad "advertising pprtunities" and make the wrng decisins. Here are several frms f digital advertising prven t wrk well.(毎天都有成干上万的书出版，图书广告在提高人们对这些书的认 识方面起着至关重要的作用。但是，很容易被欺骗到糟糕的"广告机会"，并做出错误的决定。以下是几种行之有效的数字广告形式。)"可知，文章主要提供了一些有效的数字广告形式。故选C。
4．答案：D
5．答案：C
6．答案：B
7．答案：A
8．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段“At its heart, AI is all abut data. Massive amunts f data are fed int algrithms that learn frm this data, allwing them t make predictins, recgnize patterns, and even make decisins.(人工智能的核心是数据。大量的数据 被输入到算法中，从这些数据中学习，使它们能够做出预测，识别模式，甚至做出决策。)”可知，机器获得执行传统上需要人 类智能的任务的能力的方法是通过摄取和处理大量数据。故选C。
9．答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第三段"The transfrmative ptential f AI is undeniable. In the medical field, fr instance, AI can assist in early detectin f diseases, predict patient utcmes, and even suggest treatment ptins. In finance, algrithms can predict stck market trends, and prvide persnalized financial advice. In transprtatin, self-driving cars equipped with AI systems prmise t reduce accidents, ease traffic jams, and transfrm urban landscapes.(人工智能的变革潜力是不可否认的。例如，在医疗领域，人工智能可 以帮助早期发现疾病，预测患者的预后，甚至提出治疗方案。在金融领域，算法可以预测股票市场趋势，并提供个性化的理财 建议。在交通方面，配备人工智能系统的自动驾驶汽车有望减少事故，缓解交通拥堵，并改变城市景观。) "、第四段"Hwever, with great ptential cmes great respnsibility. The rise f Al has caused debates abut is ethical implicatins(道德含义).(然而，潜力越 大，责任越大。人工智能的兴起引发了关于其道德含义的争论。)"、第五段"Mrever, the widespread adptin f AI culd lead t significant jb displacement.( 此外，人工智能的广泛应用可能会导致大量的工作岗位流失。)"以及第六段"Anther majr cncern is the "black bx" nature f AI.(另一个主要问题是人工智能的“黑匣厘子”性质。)"可推知，作者通过展示人工智能的积极潜力和挑 战来论证人工智能的影响。故选B。
10．答案：D
解析：主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段"In cnclusin, artificial intelligence stands as ne f the mst prfund inventins f ur time. While it ffers vast pprtunities, it als pses significant challenges that we, as a sciety, must welcme. As we stand at this technlgical crssrads, ur chices will determine whether AI serves as a benefit r a harm fr humanity.(总之，人工智能是我们这个 时代最深刻的发明之一。虽然它提供了巨大的机会，但它也带来了我们作为一个社会必须欢迎的重大挑战。当我们站在这个技 术的十字路口时，我们的选择将决定人工智能对人类是有益还是有害。) "可知，文章主要讲述了人工智能的潜力和挑战。作者 呼吁全球社区共同努力，通过制定标准和规定，投资教育和再培训，以确保AI的潜力得到最大限度的利用，同时避免潜在的危 险。由此可知，D项:Balancing the Ptential and challenges f AI in Mdern Sciety(平衡人工智能在现代社会中的潜力和挑战)是 最好的标题。故选D。
11．答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段"On the brighter side, many experts believe that by setting the right framewrks and investing in educatin and retraining, we can use the pwer f AI fr the greater gd. By fstering(促进) a culture f cntinuus leaning and staying abreast(并排的，并肩的) f technlgical advancements, sciety can benefit frm the prmise f AI while aviding its ptential dangers.(从好的方面来看，许多专家认为，通过建立正确的框架，投资于教育和再培训，我们可以利用人工智能的 力量为更大的利益服务。通过培养一种持续学习的文化和跟上技术进步的步伐，社会可以从人工智能的前景中受益，同时避免 其潜在的危险。)"可知，解决人工智能带来的困境需要我们社会的共同努力。故选D。
12．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。第一段“Frzen in time, a 125-millin-year-ld mammal attacking a dinsaur. A 39-millin-year-ld whale, the heaviest animal that ever lived. The ldest knwn jellyfish, frm 505 millin years ag. Palentlgy(古生物学) prduces newswrthy discveries. (时间凝固，一只1.25亿年前的哺乳动 物正在攻击一只恐龙。一头3900万年前的鲸鱼 是有史以来最重的动物。已知最古老的水母，来自 5.05亿年前。古生物学产生了有新闻价值的发现)”讲述了古生物学产生了有新闻价值的古老化石发 现，再结合第二段“Fssils (化石), mrever, prvide direct evidence fr the lng histry f life, allwing palentlgists t test hyptheses (假设) abut evlutin with data nly they prvide.(此外，化石为漫长的生命史提供了直接证 据，使古生物学家能够用他们提供的数据来检验进 化论的假设)”和“But the headlines ver exciting new fssils greatly underestimate the true imprtance f palentlgy. Its real signifncance lies in hw such discveries brighten the grand histry f life n Earth.(但 是，关于令人兴奋的新化石的头条新闻大大低估了 E.EXF 现如何照亮地球上生命的伟大历史)”可知，作者在 7—TLR 化石发现，它的真正意义在于这些发现如何照亮地 球上生命的伟大历史。故选C项。
13．答案：D
解析：词句猜测题。由第三段“Palentlgists prvide us with a unique vantage n mdern climate change. They play an essential rle in interpreting ancient envirnments, in recnstructing ancient ceans, cntinents and climates. Fssils prvide key limitatin n the climate mdels that are essential fr predicting future climate change. And the fssil recrd gives imprtant insights int hw life will respnd t predicted future climate cnditins, because these have ccurred befre in Earth's histry.(古生物学家为我们提供了一个了解现代气候变化的独特vantage。他们在解释古代环境、重要作用。化石对预测未来气候变化至关重要的气候模型提供了 关键的限制。化石记录为生命将如何应对预测的未 来气候条件提供了重要的见解，因为这些情况在地 球历史上以前就发生过)”可知，古生物学家通过对 化石进行研究，获得了重要的见解，使他们在解释 古代环境、重建古代海洋、大陆和气候方面发挥着 重要作用，所以他们能为人类了解现代气候变化提 供独特全面的视角，划线词意为“A cmprehensive view (全面的视角)”。故选D项。
14．答案：B
解析：推理判断题。由第四段中“The search fr the causes f past mass extinctins started pineering studies frm acrss the scientific spectrum (科学界), fcusing n ptential future threats t humanity. (寻找过去大规模灭绝的原因 开始了跨科学领域的开创性研究，重点关注未来对 人类的潜在威胁)”和最后一段中“Palentlgists knw that understanding life's past is critical t anticipating and adapting t life's and humanity's future.(古生物学家知道，了解生命的 过去对于预测和适应生命和人类的未来至关重要)” 可知，通过化石上表征的过去，古生物学家能得出 过去的经验，预测危险，为未来如何避免犯过去同 样的错误提供明灯。由此推知，作者同意“过去的 经验教训有助于预测未来的威胁”。故选B项。
15．答案：D
解析：主旨大意题。由第二段中“But the headlines ver exciting new fssils greatly underestimate the true imprtance f palentlgy. Its real signifncance lies in hw such discveries brighten the grand histry f life n Earth.(但是，关于令人兴奋的新化石的头条新闻大大低估了古生物学的真正重要性。它的真正意义在于这些发 现如何照亮地球上生命的伟大历史)”和其它段落可 知，文章讲述了古生物学远不止是新的化石发现， 通过化石上表征的过去，古生物学家抽丝剥茧得出 过去经验，预测危险，为未来如何避免犯过去同样 的错误提供明灯，强调了古生物学研究的真正意义 何在，D项“古生物学远不止是新的化石发现”符合文意，可以作为小标题。故选D项。
16．答案：GFDBA
解析：①结合前面的The wrd “active” implies that yu are taking sme type f actin when listening t thers 可知，积极倾听意味着你在听别人说话时应采取 某种行动:再结合下文的几个技巧可知，G项总领 下文。
②前面的 put away yur cell phne, ignre distractins, avid daydreaming, and shut dwn yur internal dialgue是在告诉读者如何避免分散注意力，F项 指出这样做是为了把注意力放在谈话的伙伴身上。
③根据前面As much as 65% f a persn's cmmunicatin is unspken.中的 unspken可知，D 项中的bdy language与之呼应。
④B项与前面的This tells the ther persn that yu are present and listening t what he r she says.构成 递进关系，讲述眼神交流的作用。
⑤根据前面的nt t respnd可知，A项“倾听 时不要准备回答”承接上文，与本段主题呼应。
17．答案：D
解析：考查动词短语及语境理解。A.refer t指的 是;B.depend n依靠;C.learn frm从……学 习;D.believe in相信。句意:当这种情况发生时， 抓住那些相信你和你的目标的人，不要放手!根据前 文"Even when yu have cnfidence in yurself, yur gals will smetimes seem ut f reach，(即使你对自己有信心，你的目标有时也 会显得遥不可及。)"和下文"Then a teacher in my high schl _____ me."可知，即使相信自己， 目标也达不到，因此要求助他人，抓住那些相信你 的人求助。故选D。
18．答案：B
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.quit退出; B.struggled挣扎;C.regretted遗憾;D.argued争 论。句意:当我小的时候，我因为生活感觉很困难 而挣扎。根据后文"because life felt s hard"可 知，生活艰难，因此作者挣扎。故选B。
19．答案：B
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.respnsibilities责 任;B.dreams梦想;C.pprtunities机会; D.dubts怀疑。句意:我曾梦想成为一名教师和企业管理者。根据后 文"t becme a teacher r a business administratr"可知，这是作者的梦想。故选B。
20．答案：A
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.stpped停止; B.admitted承认;C.allwed允许;D.cnsidered 考虑。句意:我知道我需要一个大学学位，但我不 再相信自己。根据前 文"He tld me three things: First, if yu dn't believe in yurself"可知，作者不再相信自己。故 选A。
21．答案：D
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.tracked处理; B.recmmended推荐;C.accmpanied陪伴; D.encuraged鼓励。句意:然后我高中的一个老 师鼓励我。根据后 文"He tld me three things: First, if yu dn't believe in yurself"可知，这位老师鼓励我。故选 D。
22．答案：C
解析：考查形容词及语境理解。A.serius严肃的; 认真的;B.pssible可能的;C.hard困难的; D.necessary必要的。句意:第一，如果你不相信 自己，就很难让别人相信你。根据前 文"if yu dn't believe in yurself"并结合常识可 知，如果你不相信自己，也很难让别人相信你。故 选C。
23．答案：C
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.request请求; B.unwillingness勉强;C.inability无能;D.attempt 尝试。句意:第二，永远不要让别人看不到你的光 彩阻止你光彩夺目。根据后 文"prevent yu frm being brilliant"可知，不要 因为别人看不到你的优秀就阻止你优秀。故选C。
24．答案：A
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.diffculties困难; B.ptins选择;C.aims目标;D.standards标准。 句意:第三，尽管生活困难，但要坚持不懈地创造 你想要的未来。根据前 文"because life felt s hard"可知，此处说的是生 活艰难。故选A。
25．答案：A
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.career事业; B.experiment实验;C.business事业;D.recvery 恢复。句意:在我职业生涯的早期，我正在进行一 个研讨会，当时观众中有一个人对我大喊大叫。根 据后 文"I was teaching a wrkshp when a persn in the audience yelled ut t me"可知，这是作者 事业早期发生的事情。故选A。
26．答案：C
解析：考查副词及语境理解。A.flishly愚蠢地; B.simply简单地;C.wisely明智地;D.bravely勇敢 地。句意:他告诉我，我做了明智的职业选择，有 一个光明的未来。根据后 文"had a bright future"可知，作者有一个光明的 未来，因此推断做出了明智的职业选择。故选C。
27．答案：D
解析：考查形容词及语境理解。A.riginal最初的; B.familiar熟悉的;C.typical典型的;D.psitive积 极的。句意:这种积极的反馈来得正是时候，因 为，虽然观众不知道，但我正在处理自我怀疑。根 据前文"He tld me I had _____ made a jb chice and had a bright future."可知，这是积极的职业反馈。故选D。
28．答案：C
解析：考查动词短语及语境理解。A.lking int调 查;B.taking dwn写下;C.dealing with处理;应 对;D.pinting ut指出。句意:这种积极的反馈 来得正是时候，因为，虽然观众不知道，但我正在 处理自我怀疑。根据前文"This _____ feedback(反馈)came at just the right time"可知，作者感觉 这种积极的反馈正是时候，因为作者正面临自我怀疑。故选C。
29．答案：B
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.intrduce介绍; B.remind提醒;C.guarantee保证;D.warn警告。 句意:即使是现在，我也会提醒自己，我有一个光 明的未来。根据后文"That's what I tell myself"可 知，作者会提醒自己。故选B。
30．答案：A
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.experience体验; B.describe描述;C.cmpare比较;D.limit限制。 句意:这就是我在经历成功和失败时告诉自己的。 根据后文"success and failure"可知，当作者经历 成功和失败时，都会告诉自己有一个光明的未来。 故选A。
31．答案：D
解析：考查副词及语境理解。A.prbably很可能; B.frtunately幸运地;C.bviusly明显地; D.imprtantly重要地。句意:探索让你感兴趣的职 业，有勇气一最重要的是，相信自己。根据前文"Explre the jbs that interest yu, and have curage"可知，在探索自己感兴趣的工作时，要 有勇气，最重要的是，要相信自己。此处是对前文 的总结。故选D。
32．答案：which；trained； hvering；igniting；which/that；which； that；participating；was awarded ；and
解析：①考查定语从句。句意:蔡国强的实践范围从火药绘画到短暂的雕塑和纪念性装置，所有这些都与中国历史，道教宇宙学和当前政治事件有着丰富的联系。逗号后引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为gunpwder drawings t ephemeral sculptures and mnumental installatins，指代事物，在介词之后，应用关系代词which。故填which。
②考查非谓语动词。句意:2008年在纽约举办的回顾展《我想要相信》中，他在古根海姆圆形大厅的中央放置了一 件壮观的装置作品顺便说一句，这位艺术家是一位训练有素的布景设计师《不适合:第一阶段》(2004)，其中有九 辆汽车在半空中盘旋，以电影的方式表现汽车炸弹的效果。此处为非调语，动词train和后文名词set designer之间是被动和完成 的关系，故用其过去分词作定语，意为"受过训练的"。表示故填trained。
③考查非谓语动词。句意:同上。此处为非谓语，动词hver和前文名词cars之间是主动关系，故用其现在分词作后置定 语。故填hvering。
④考查非谓语动词。句意:自20世纪80年代以来，蔡一直致力于通过在大张的纸上点燃爆炸性粉未来实现绘画。介词 by后应用动名词作宾语。故填igniting。
⑤考查定语从句。句意:这些作品具有一个光环，既有抽象表现主义的生动姿态，又有中国传统绘画的宁静表面。此处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为aura，指代事物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代河which或that引导。故填which that。
⑥考查定语从句。句意:火药也是1989年开始的一系列环境作品的核心，这些作品将传统的土地艺术与中国烟花结合 起来。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为a series f envirnmental wrks，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词 which引导。故填which。
⑦考查代词。句意:同上。根据句意可知，设空处指代前文不可数名词traditin，因为上文已经出现过，应用that指代。故填hat。
⑧考查非调语动词。句意:蔡参加了许多国际赛事，使他成为天下最强者之一。根据句意和前文名词所有格Cai's可知，此处应用动名词作生语。故填participating。
⑨考查时态和语态。句意:在1999年威尼斯双年展上，他的一系列未烧制泥塑作品《威尼斯租集庭院)》(1999)获得金獅 奖，井并组织了2008年北京奥运会开幕式。动词award和主语是被动关系，根据At the Venice Biennale 1999可知，此处描述过去发 生的事情，故用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是he，be动词使用was。故填was awarded。
⑩考查连词。句意:在1999年威尼斯双年展上，他的一系列未烧制泥塑作品《威尼斯收租庭院》(1999)获得金狮奖， 并且他还组织了2008年北京奥运会开幕式。结合语意可知，_____ (award) the Glden Lin far Venice's Rent Cllectin Curtyard (1999)与rganized the pening ceremny fr the 2008 Olympic Games in Beijing之间是并列关系，应用井列连词and连接。故填 and。
33．答案：
Dear Simn,
I am srry t let yu knw that yur applicatin t the Schl Painting club was rejected. Persnally, I wuld like t recmmend a Chinese calligraphy club t yu. And my reasns are as fllws.
T start, in ur natin, calligraphy has always been cnsidered as ne f the mst significant arts, which will help freigners t knw mre abut Chinese culture. Secnd, unlike ding Tai chi which needs a big space and specific cstumes, practicing calligraphy can be easy t perate. All it asks is a table with the Fur Treasures f the Study, which refer t brush, ink stick, paper and ink stne. Finally, practicing calligraphy is a gd way t imprve students’ perseverance, fr it needs patience t practice.
In a wrd, starting a calligraphy club is definitely advantageus. And I highly recmmend starting a calligraphy club.
Yurs,
Li Hua
34．答案：
“Why nt g t the frecurt and take a lk at my tree?” he said t himself. Then he gt ut f the bed and came t the curtyard n tipte. Befre he apprached the tree he planted, he fund his mther was watering it carefully. All f a sudden, he understd it was his mther wh had been secretly fertilizing and watering his small tree! The tree wuld have withered but fr the care f his mther. Standing in the darkness, deeply tuched, hw he wanted t say thanks t his mther. But he didn’t.
Frm that night n, he understd what his mther meant and decided t change himself. When he was in truble and wanted t give up smetimes, mther’s small figure that night always lingered in his mind. Being strng and cnfident, he vercame all the difficulties he was faced with. Decades passed. The little by became a btanist, wh was cnfident and ptimistic. Lve is the best gift fr grwth. With the gift, a thin tree can flurish and even grw int twering trees.