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译林版九年级下册英语第一单元Unit1《Asia》知识点详解
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九年级下册英语Unit1《Asia》单元知识点详解1.1 Comic strip& Welcome to the unit【知识点精讲】1．It’s tiring to climb the steps and my feet hurt.tiring adj. （事、物）令人疲劳的，使人厌倦的。tired adj. (人 )感到疲劳be ________ of 对……感到厌烦It’s _________ for me to walk for 30 minutes. 走30分钟的路对于我来说很累人。It was a ________day and she felt very _______. 那是疲劳的一天，她感到很累。类似的形容词有：amazing/amazed exciting/excitedboring/boredinteresting/interestedstep n. 台阶,步骤 You can go down the steps from here.Being honest is the first ______if you want to make friends with others.v. 踩I’m sorry to _____ on your foot.hurt (hurt, hurt, hurting, hurts)vt.使受伤，损害She hurt herself when she fell down. 她跌倒时伤了自己。She hurt my feelings. 她伤害了我的感情。Unluckily, he was badly hurt in the accident.vi.感到疼My leg hurts. n. 痛苦The experience left me with a feeling of deep hurt.这段经历给我心灵留下了严重的创伤。2．There’s still a long way to go. ( to go 是动词不定式做定语。)eg：a wonderful place to meet friendsfind someone to talk withlook for a room to live in3．We had betterkeep moving.①had better do sth. 表示“最好做某事”，表示劝告、建议或者愿望，否定形式是在had better后面加上not。例如：You’d better have a rest.You’d better not miss the last bus.②keep (on) doing sth.意为“继续做某事、重复做某事”。They kept talking about it.4．go on to do 一事做完，接着做另一件事go on doing 事情暂停后继续做；一直做某事 go on with 后接名词或代词1）After a short break ,he went on _________(read) the rest of the text.2）After reading the novel , he went on _________(write) an article.5．wake v. (woke, waken, waking, wakes) adj. awakewake up your sister wake (me/him/her/them/you…) up6．Tian’anmen Square, the Palace Museum and the Great Wall are wonderful places to go.to go这里是动词不定式作后置定语，修饰wonderful places。不定式作后置定语时，不定式与所修饰的名词之间往往有动宾关系，如果不定式是不及物动词，动词不定式后面要加上必要的介词。We want some water to drink.He is a pleasant fellow to work with.1.2 Reading【知识点精讲】1．In the middle of the ancient city of Beijing is the Palace Museum, also called the Forbidden City.①in the middle of表示“在……中间”。What can you see in the middle of the picture?The teacher is standing in the middle of us.②called此处为动词的过去分词作定语，意为“被称为、被叫作”，与named同义。例如：This is a book named/called Journey to the West.The Greens have a daughter named/called Kate.2．The emperors of the Ming and Qing dynasties used to live there.used to do sth. “过去常常做某事”，暗含“现在不再”之意，后接动词原形，疑问形式可以直接将used提到句首，或者借助助动词did；否定式可以直接在used后面加not，或者用didn’t。【辨析】be /get used to doing sth., used to do sth.与be used to do sth.3．With wonderful buildings and art treasures inside, it is well worth a visit.①with复合结构“with+宾语+宾语补足语”在句中作状语，表示伴随、原因、时间、条件、方式等。作宾语补足语的可以是形容词、名词、副词、介词短语、现在分词、过去分词或者动词不定式。He stood before his teacher with his head down.She said good-bye with tears in her eyes.②be worth后常接名词或者动名词，表示“值……”。The new car is worth at least 1 million.The novel is worth reading once more.4．Many tourists like to gather there early in the morning to watch the raising of the national flag.辨析：rise与raise5．It is one of the wonders of the world.wonder作名词，意为“奇迹”，常用的句型有：①It’s a wonder that...意为“奇怪的是……”It’s a wonder that she is still alive.②It’s no wonder that...意为“难怪……”。It’s no wonder that they won’t come.【拓展】wonder用作及物动词，意为“想知道，对……好奇”，常见的用法有：①后接who, what, why, where, when, how, which引导的宾语从句。She wondered what the child was doing.②后接if和whether引导的宾语从句。She wondered whether you were free that morning.③后接“疑问词+不定式”构成的短语。I’m just wondering how to do it.6． It lies on the two sides of the Lijiang River.动词lie表示“躺、位于、撒谎”lie（躺、位于）—lay（过去式）—lain（过去分词）-lying（现在分词）lie（撒谎）—lied（过去式）—lied（过去分词）-lying（现在分词）lay（放置、下蛋）—laid（过去式）—laid（过去分词）-laying（现在分词）7 .some hang down, and others point upwards.①hang意为“悬挂”，过去式和过去分词都是hung，hang表示“上吊”时，过去式和过去分词是hanged。This picture is hung on the wall.The man was hanged for murder.② point作动词，意为“指、指向”常用的短语有point out“指出、指明”；point to意为“指向”，强调方向；point at表示指着某一个物体，指人时一般表示粗鲁或者不礼貌。He pointed to the door and there I saw a girl smiling at me.The teacher pointed at the map and told where Britain was.1.3 Grammar【知识点精讲】1．The lake is very big-it takes up three quarters of the area.①take up意为“占据空间、占用时间”。He has taken up a position in the centre of the room.I know how busy you must be and I wouldn’t want to take up too much of your time.②quarter作名词，意为“四分之一”。Three quarters of the students are boys.2．There are many tone lions on either side of it. either表示“两者中的任何一个”，做主语时，谓语动词常用单数形式，起其后可接of短语。You can come on Saturday or Sunday. Either is OK for me.We can't care much for what to eat. Either of the two will do.neither 表示“两者都不”，做主语时，谓语动词常用单数形式，其后可接of短语。We have red and yellow T-shirts. Which color do you like?Oh, neither. I think blue will be OK.Neither of them wants to speak to him about this matter.3．They provide a high level of services.service作名词，意为“服务”，动词形式为serve。We all complain about the poor services of the hotel.Children must be educated to serve their country when they grow up.【语法精讲】代词it的用法1．it 作人称代词的用法。(1)指事物。it可指代除人以外的一切事物或动物。例如:—Where is the cat?猫在哪?—It’s in the bedroom.它在卧室里。(2)指人。it可用于指代性别不明的婴儿或用于确认某人的身份。例如:Is it a boy or a girl? 是男孩还是女孩?There is a knock on the door.It must be the postman. 有人在敲门。一定是邮递员。 (3)代替某些代词。it还可用于代替指示代词this,that以及复合不定代词something,anything,nothing等。例如:—What’s this? 这是什么?—It’s a present for you. 这是给你的礼物。2．it作非人称代词的用法。it主要用于指代时间、距离、价值、天气、气候及温度等自然现象。例如:It’s 7 o’clock now. 现在7点钟。—How far is it from here to the station? 这里离车站多远?—It’s about two kilometres. 大约两千米。3．it作形式主语或形式宾语的用法。(1)it作形式主语。当不定式、动名词、从句等成分作句子主语时,通常把真正的主语放在句末,而在句首用it作形式主语。①It+be+adj.+for/of sb+to do sth意为“某人做某事……”。例如:It is hard for him to make up his mind. 他很难下定决心。②It takes/took sb+时间段+to do sth意为“某人做某事花了多长时间 ”。例如:It took me a month to get rid of my smoking. 我花了一个月时间才把烟戒掉。③It is said/reported that...意为“据说/据报道……”。例如:It is said that he will study abroad. 据说他要出国学习。(2)it作形式宾语。当不定式、动名词、从句等复杂成分作宾语,且其后跟有宾语补足语时,通常会在宾语补足语前用it作形式宾语,而将真正的宾语移至句末。其结构为“主语+谓语+it+宾语补足语+不定式/动名词/从句”。例如:I find it difficult to do the job well. 我发现做好这项工作不容易。1.4 Integrated skills &Study skills【知识点精讲】1．leave Japan for another Asian country①Japan,名词，意为“日本”，其形容词形式 Japanese 意为“日本的”，Japanese还可表示“日本人”，其复数形式和单数形式相同，为Japanese.He is from Japan. 他来自日本。Here are some Japanese. 这儿是一些日本人。【拓展】其他一些单复数同形的单词：sheep(绵羊)，deer（鹿），Chinese（中国人）2．looking down【拓展】 含look的短语look down 俯视 look after 照顾 look at 看……look back回顾 look for寻找 look forward to盼望look into调查 look like看起来像 look over检查look in the eyes 注视 look away 转移目光1.5 Task&Self-assessment【知识点精讲】1．over one billion, the second largest population in the world.population表示“人口”，是集合名词，对人口数量提问时，用what而不用how many/much，population若作主语，强调整体概念时，谓语用单数形式，强调个体时，谓语用复数形式。What’s the population in China now?The population of this small town is three thousand.More than one fifth of the population of the country are over 60 years old.【拓展】1) population常与定冠词the连用,作主语用时,谓语动词常用第三人称单数形式。The world's population____ increasing faster and faster. 世界的人口增长得越来越快。At the beginning of the twentieth century, the world's population was about 1,7 billion.在二十世纪初,全世界的人口大约是十七亿。2) 当主语是表示"人口的百分之几、几分之几"时,谓语动词用复数形式。About seventy percent of the population in China _____ farmers. 中国大约有百分之七十的人口是农民。3) 有时population可用作可数名词,其前可用不定冠词。China has a population of about 1.3 billion.(=There is a population of about 1.3 billion in China.) 中国大约有十三亿人口。New York is a big city with a population of over 10 million. 纽约是一个有一千多万人口的大城市。4)表示人口的"多"或"少",不用"much"或"little",而要用"large"或"small"。India has a large population. 印度人口众多。Singapore has a small population. 新加坡人口少。5) 询问某国、某地有多少人口时,不用"How much...?",而用"How large...?";在问具体人口时用"What...?"。-How _______ is the population of your hometown? 你们家乡有多少人口?-The population of our hometown is nearly twice as large as that of yours.我们家乡的人口是你们家乡人口的将近两倍。-______ is the population of Canada? 加拿大的人口有多少?-The population of Canada is about 29 million. 加拿大的人口大约有二千九百万。2．famous for IT(information technology) industry.be famous for sth.“因……而出名”The writer is famous for his novels.be famous as“作为……而出名”The man is famous as a novelist. be /get used to doing sth.习惯于做某事His father is used to watching TV before going to bed.used to do sth.过去经常做某事The boy used to play computer games.be used to do sth.被用来做某事More and more wood is used to make paper.rise不及物动词意为“升起，上升”The water in the river rose after the heavy rain.The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.raise及物动词意为“提高，筹集，抬高，举起”The worker want the boss to raise their wages.The teacher asks us to raise our hands if we have questions.We should try our best to raise more money for the poor family.
九年级下册英语Unit1《Asia》单元知识点详解1.1 Comic strip& Welcome to the unit【知识点精讲】1．It’s tiring to climb the steps and my feet hurt.tiring adj. （事、物）令人疲劳的，使人厌倦的。tired adj. (人 )感到疲劳be ________ of 对……感到厌烦It’s _________ for me to walk for 30 minutes. 走30分钟的路对于我来说很累人。It was a ________day and she felt very _______. 那是疲劳的一天，她感到很累。类似的形容词有：amazing/amazed exciting/excitedboring/boredinteresting/interestedstep n. 台阶,步骤 You can go down the steps from here.Being honest is the first ______if you want to make friends with others.v. 踩I’m sorry to _____ on your foot.hurt (hurt, hurt, hurting, hurts)vt.使受伤，损害She hurt herself when she fell down. 她跌倒时伤了自己。She hurt my feelings. 她伤害了我的感情。Unluckily, he was badly hurt in the accident.vi.感到疼My leg hurts. n. 痛苦The experience left me with a feeling of deep hurt.这段经历给我心灵留下了严重的创伤。2．There’s still a long way to go. ( to go 是动词不定式做定语。)eg：a wonderful place to meet friendsfind someone to talk withlook for a room to live in3．We had betterkeep moving.①had better do sth. 表示“最好做某事”，表示劝告、建议或者愿望，否定形式是在had better后面加上not。例如：You’d better have a rest.You’d better not miss the last bus.②keep (on) doing sth.意为“继续做某事、重复做某事”。They kept talking about it.4．go on to do 一事做完，接着做另一件事go on doing 事情暂停后继续做；一直做某事 go on with 后接名词或代词1）After a short break ,he went on _________(read) the rest of the text.2）After reading the novel , he went on _________(write) an article.5．wake v. (woke, waken, waking, wakes) adj. awakewake up your sister wake (me/him/her/them/you…) up6．Tian’anmen Square, the Palace Museum and the Great Wall are wonderful places to go.to go这里是动词不定式作后置定语，修饰wonderful places。不定式作后置定语时，不定式与所修饰的名词之间往往有动宾关系，如果不定式是不及物动词，动词不定式后面要加上必要的介词。We want some water to drink.He is a pleasant fellow to work with.1.2 Reading【知识点精讲】1．In the middle of the ancient city of Beijing is the Palace Museum, also called the Forbidden City.①in the middle of表示“在……中间”。What can you see in the middle of the picture?The teacher is standing in the middle of us.②called此处为动词的过去分词作定语，意为“被称为、被叫作”，与named同义。例如：This is a book named/called Journey to the West.The Greens have a daughter named/called Kate.2．The emperors of the Ming and Qing dynasties used to live there.used to do sth. “过去常常做某事”，暗含“现在不再”之意，后接动词原形，疑问形式可以直接将used提到句首，或者借助助动词did；否定式可以直接在used后面加not，或者用didn’t。【辨析】be /get used to doing sth., used to do sth.与be used to do sth.3．With wonderful buildings and art treasures inside, it is well worth a visit.①with复合结构“with+宾语+宾语补足语”在句中作状语，表示伴随、原因、时间、条件、方式等。作宾语补足语的可以是形容词、名词、副词、介词短语、现在分词、过去分词或者动词不定式。He stood before his teacher with his head down.She said good-bye with tears in her eyes.②be worth后常接名词或者动名词，表示“值……”。The new car is worth at least 1 million.The novel is worth reading once more.4．Many tourists like to gather there early in the morning to watch the raising of the national flag.辨析：rise与raise5．It is one of the wonders of the world.wonder作名词，意为“奇迹”，常用的句型有：①It’s a wonder that...意为“奇怪的是……”It’s a wonder that she is still alive.②It’s no wonder that...意为“难怪……”。It’s no wonder that they won’t come.【拓展】wonder用作及物动词，意为“想知道，对……好奇”，常见的用法有：①后接who, what, why, where, when, how, which引导的宾语从句。She wondered what the child was doing.②后接if和whether引导的宾语从句。She wondered whether you were free that morning.③后接“疑问词+不定式”构成的短语。I’m just wondering how to do it.6． It lies on the two sides of the Lijiang River.动词lie表示“躺、位于、撒谎”lie（躺、位于）—lay（过去式）—lain（过去分词）-lying（现在分词）lie（撒谎）—lied（过去式）—lied（过去分词）-lying（现在分词）lay（放置、下蛋）—laid（过去式）—laid（过去分词）-laying（现在分词）7 .some hang down, and others point upwards.①hang意为“悬挂”，过去式和过去分词都是hung，hang表示“上吊”时，过去式和过去分词是hanged。This picture is hung on the wall.The man was hanged for murder.② point作动词，意为“指、指向”常用的短语有point out“指出、指明”；point to意为“指向”，强调方向；point at表示指着某一个物体，指人时一般表示粗鲁或者不礼貌。He pointed to the door and there I saw a girl smiling at me.The teacher pointed at the map and told where Britain was.1.3 Grammar【知识点精讲】1．The lake is very big-it takes up three quarters of the area.①take up意为“占据空间、占用时间”。He has taken up a position in the centre of the room.I know how busy you must be and I wouldn’t want to take up too much of your time.②quarter作名词，意为“四分之一”。Three quarters of the students are boys.2．There are many tone lions on either side of it. either表示“两者中的任何一个”，做主语时，谓语动词常用单数形式，起其后可接of短语。You can come on Saturday or Sunday. Either is OK for me.We can't care much for what to eat. Either of the two will do.neither 表示“两者都不”，做主语时，谓语动词常用单数形式，其后可接of短语。We have red and yellow T-shirts. Which color do you like?Oh, neither. I think blue will be OK.Neither of them wants to speak to him about this matter.3．They provide a high level of services.service作名词，意为“服务”，动词形式为serve。We all complain about the poor services of the hotel.Children must be educated to serve their country when they grow up.【语法精讲】代词it的用法1．it 作人称代词的用法。(1)指事物。it可指代除人以外的一切事物或动物。例如:—Where is the cat?猫在哪?—It’s in the bedroom.它在卧室里。(2)指人。it可用于指代性别不明的婴儿或用于确认某人的身份。例如:Is it a boy or a girl? 是男孩还是女孩?There is a knock on the door.It must be the postman. 有人在敲门。一定是邮递员。 (3)代替某些代词。it还可用于代替指示代词this,that以及复合不定代词something,anything,nothing等。例如:—What’s this? 这是什么?—It’s a present for you. 这是给你的礼物。2．it作非人称代词的用法。it主要用于指代时间、距离、价值、天气、气候及温度等自然现象。例如:It’s 7 o’clock now. 现在7点钟。—How far is it from here to the station? 这里离车站多远?—It’s about two kilometres. 大约两千米。3．it作形式主语或形式宾语的用法。(1)it作形式主语。当不定式、动名词、从句等成分作句子主语时,通常把真正的主语放在句末,而在句首用it作形式主语。①It+be+adj.+for/of sb+to do sth意为“某人做某事……”。例如:It is hard for him to make up his mind. 他很难下定决心。②It takes/took sb+时间段+to do sth意为“某人做某事花了多长时间 ”。例如:It took me a month to get rid of my smoking. 我花了一个月时间才把烟戒掉。③It is said/reported that...意为“据说/据报道……”。例如:It is said that he will study abroad. 据说他要出国学习。(2)it作形式宾语。当不定式、动名词、从句等复杂成分作宾语,且其后跟有宾语补足语时,通常会在宾语补足语前用it作形式宾语,而将真正的宾语移至句末。其结构为“主语+谓语+it+宾语补足语+不定式/动名词/从句”。例如:I find it difficult to do the job well. 我发现做好这项工作不容易。1.4 Integrated skills &Study skills【知识点精讲】1．leave Japan for another Asian country①Japan,名词，意为“日本”，其形容词形式 Japanese 意为“日本的”，Japanese还可表示“日本人”，其复数形式和单数形式相同，为Japanese.He is from Japan. 他来自日本。Here are some Japanese. 这儿是一些日本人。【拓展】其他一些单复数同形的单词：sheep(绵羊)，deer（鹿），Chinese（中国人）2．looking down【拓展】 含look的短语look down 俯视 look after 照顾 look at 看……look back回顾 look for寻找 look forward to盼望look into调查 look like看起来像 look over检查look in the eyes 注视 look away 转移目光1.5 Task&Self-assessment【知识点精讲】1．over one billion, the second largest population in the world.population表示“人口”，是集合名词，对人口数量提问时，用what而不用how many/much，population若作主语，强调整体概念时，谓语用单数形式，强调个体时，谓语用复数形式。What’s the population in China now?The population of this small town is three thousand.More than one fifth of the population of the country are over 60 years old.【拓展】1) population常与定冠词the连用,作主语用时,谓语动词常用第三人称单数形式。The world's population____ increasing faster and faster. 世界的人口增长得越来越快。At the beginning of the twentieth century, the world's population was about 1,7 billion.在二十世纪初,全世界的人口大约是十七亿。2) 当主语是表示"人口的百分之几、几分之几"时,谓语动词用复数形式。About seventy percent of the population in China _____ farmers. 中国大约有百分之七十的人口是农民。3) 有时population可用作可数名词,其前可用不定冠词。China has a population of about 1.3 billion.(=There is a population of about 1.3 billion in China.) 中国大约有十三亿人口。New York is a big city with a population of over 10 million. 纽约是一个有一千多万人口的大城市。4)表示人口的"多"或"少",不用"much"或"little",而要用"large"或"small"。India has a large population. 印度人口众多。Singapore has a small population. 新加坡人口少。5) 询问某国、某地有多少人口时,不用"How much...?",而用"How large...?";在问具体人口时用"What...?"。-How _______ is the population of your hometown? 你们家乡有多少人口?-The population of our hometown is nearly twice as large as that of yours.我们家乡的人口是你们家乡人口的将近两倍。-______ is the population of Canada? 加拿大的人口有多少?-The population of Canada is about 29 million. 加拿大的人口大约有二千九百万。2．famous for IT(information technology) industry.be famous for sth.“因……而出名”The writer is famous for his novels.be famous as“作为……而出名”The man is famous as a novelist. be /get used to doing sth.习惯于做某事His father is used to watching TV before going to bed.used to do sth.过去经常做某事The boy used to play computer games.be used to do sth.被用来做某事More and more wood is used to make paper.rise不及物动词意为“升起，上升”The water in the river rose after the heavy rain.The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.raise及物动词意为“提高，筹集，抬高，举起”The worker want the boss to raise their wages.The teacher asks us to raise our hands if we have questions.We should try our best to raise more money for the poor family.
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