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译林版七年级下册英语第四单元Unit4《Finding your way》知识点详解
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七年级下册英语单元知识点详解Unit4《Finding your way》Comic strip and welcome to the unit1.Follow me, Eddie. 跟我来,埃迪。follow动词,意为“跟随”,follow还可意为“听从;遵循;明白”。The boy follows his mother into the supermarket. 那个男孩跟着她的妈妈进了超市。He often follows my advice. 他经常听从我的劝告。2.Let’s go down here. 让我们从这儿下去吧。go down动词短语,意为“走下去;向下走”,常用来表示位置或价格的下降,反义短语为go up。down副词,意为“向下”。It’s easy to go down from the hills. 下山容易。拓展:go down还可以表示“顺着……走”,3.Eddie,I think we have to go up again.埃迪,我想我们将不得不在爬上去。have to意为“必须,不得不”,否定形式为don’t(doesn’t) have to,疑问形式为Do(Does)...have to...?I don’t have to practice to piano on Sunday. 我不必在周日练钢琴。— Do you have to practice to piano on Sunday? 你不得不在周日练钢琴吗?— Yes, I do.是的,必须。/No, I don’t.不,不必要。辨析:have to与musthave to,“必须”,有人称、数、时态的变化,否定式don’t have to表示“不必”。强调客观上的需要。I have to go now, or I will be late. 我现在得走了,不然我要迟到了。must,“必须”,只有一种形式,否定式mustn't表示“禁止”。表示说话人主观上的看法,强调主观上的需要。He says that he must work hard. 他说他必须努力工作。4.Sunshine Zoo is north of Sunshine Middle School. 阳光动物园在阳光中学北边。be north of...“在……北边/面”。“be+方位名词+of”常用来表示相对来说较小的地点之间的位置关系。The hospital is east of the supermarket. 医院在超市的东边。辨析:on,in与to 拓展:be + in the + 方位名词+of..., 在……(内部)某个方向,某地在某一特定区域内。Nanjing is in the south of Jiangsu. 南京在江苏的南部。be + on the + 方位名词+of..., 在……(外部)某个方向,某地在某一特定区域外,且两地相互接壤。Shandong is on the north of Jiangsu. 山东在江苏的北部。be + to the + 方位名词+of...,在……(外部)某个方向,某地在某一特定区域外,且两地不想连。Japan is to the east of China. 日本在中国的东边。5.Where are we going for our class trip? 我们打算去哪里班级旅行?trip是名词,意为“旅行,旅行”。Millie will take a trip to the West Hill with her family. 米莉要和她的家人去西山旅行。注意:Have a nice trip! 可以祝愿对方旅途一路顺风,和Have a nice day!及Have fun!意思相当。辨析:travel与triptrip,多指短途的游玩或特别目的的旅行。They had fun on the school trip. 他们在学校旅行中玩得很愉快。travel,指长途旅行,多作为动词使用。Space travel will make people feel very sick. 太空旅行会使人们觉得难受。Reading6.Hi,everybody. 大家好。everybody是不定代词,意为“每人,人人”,相当于everyone,在句子中用作单数,代指每一个人。Everyone is here today. 今天大家都到了。Not everyone likes this book. 并不是每个人都喜欢这本书。注意:当everyone作主语,谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。7.Go straight on, and you’ll find the Panda House. 一直往前走,你们就会看到熊猫馆。(1)这里是“祈使句+and+陈述句”句型。and连接的两句间的是一种顺承关系。前一分句表示一种条件或假设,后一分句表示一种结果或推论。本句可以转换成:If you go straight on, you will find the Panda House.Stop talking, and I will tell you a story.= If you stop talking, I will tell you a story.要是你们不再讲话,我就给你们讲个故事。拓展:固定句型“祈使句+or+陈述句”也可以与if引导的条件状语从句相互转换,但条件状语从句通常用否定句。Hurry up,or you will be late for school.= If you don’t hurry up, you will be late for school.快点,不然你上学就会迟到。8.They like to eat bamboo and lie down all day long.它们喜欢吃竹子,而且喜欢整天躺在那儿。bamboo名词,意为“竹”,其泛指一般的竹子时为不可数名词;特指某些竹子或强调竹子的种类时为可数名词;表示竹材时为不可数名词;表示“竹竿;竹棍”时为可数名词。Bamboo is not a tree, but a kind of grass. 竹不是一种树,而是一种草。拓展:bamboo可用于其他名词前作定语,常构成短语:bamboo shoots 竹笋;bamboo leaves 竹叶;bamboo chair 竹椅。(2)all day long 意为“整天地”。9.Walk along the road. 沿着这条路走。短语walk along意为“沿着……走”,相当于go along。along是介词,意为“沿着;顺着”。有时可与down,up换用。Millie is walking along the river. 米莉正沿着河边散步。10.Remember that they’re dangerous. 记住它们很危险。remember动词,意为“记得,记住”,后跟名词、代词、不定式或动名词作宾语。反义词为forget。— Do you still remember me? 你还记得我吗?— Sorry, I don’t remember your name. 对不起,我不记得你的名字了。辨析:remember to do sth.与remember doing sth.remember to do sth.记得要做某事,强调事情还没做。Remember to bring your book here tomorrow. 记得明天把你的书带到这儿来。remember doing sth. 记得做过某事。强调事情是以前做过的。I remember seeing you before. 我记得以前见过你。11.Birds make beautiful sounds when they sing. 鸟儿唱歌时发出美妙的声音。sound作名词,意为“声音;声响”,泛指在自然界中耳朵听到的任何声音。I heard the sound of footsteps outside. 我听见外面有脚步声。辨析:sound/noise/voicesound 指可以听到的任何声音。 noise 指太响的“嘈杂声、喧闹声”。voice “说话声,唱歌声”的嗓音。12.Monkeys are clever and funny. 猴子聪明又滑稽。funny是形容词,意为“滑稽的;好笑的”。My funny drawings amused the children. 我的滑稽的图画把孩子们给逗乐了。辨析:fun与funnyfun,多用作名词,指“乐趣,快乐,享乐的事”;作形容词时,主要指“有趣的,好玩的”。funny,指的是一种滑稽可笑的“有趣”,侧重点是让人觉得好玩或发笑。13.They jump around and make people laugh. 他们上蹿下跳,惹得人们大笑。laugh动词,意为“笑,大笑”,固定短语laugh at...意为“嘲笑……”。Don’t laugh at others.It’s not polite. 不要嘲笑别人。这是不礼貌的。14.Cross the bridge, and you’ll see the elephants. 过了桥,你们就会看到大象。cross动词,意为“越过;穿过”,纸从一个平面通过,即选择较短的距离横穿过去,常用于过马路、河、桥、街等。即:cross the road/river/bridge/street 过马路/河/桥/街 Grammar15.Here we are. 我们到了。这是一个部分倒装句,正常的语序为We are here。当here位于句首时,一般要引起句子结构的倒装,如果主语是代词时,采用部分倒装。Here you are. 给你。Here it is.它在这儿。拓展:如果主语是名词,则用完全倒装,即把句子谓语提到主语之前。Here comes a bus. 公共汽车来了。Here is my family photo. 这是我的家庭照片。16.What can you see across it? 过了桥你能看到什么?介词across意为“在……对面;横过,穿过”,表示从一个平面通过,即选择较短的距离横穿过去,常用于过马路、河、桥、街等。He was afraid to go across the bridge. 他害怕过那座桥。辨析:cross和acrosscross,动词,作谓语,直接加宾语。across,介词,要和动词walk,run,fly,jump等连用,此时相当于cross。17.The food is above the drinks. 食物在饮料的上面。above是介词,意为“在……上面”。与below意思相对。I raise my right hand above my head. 我把右手高举过头。辨析:above/over/onabove,表示“不在垂直上方”。over,含有垂直在上的意思。on,含有与表面相接触的东西。18.The sign is over the bench. 标志在板凳的上面。sign意为“指示牌;路标”,它指人们公认事物的记号,也可以指某种情况的征兆。Take the first road on the left and then follow the signs.走左边的第一条路,然后循着路标走。19.On the left, a bird is singing in one tree. 在左边,一只鸟正在一棵树上唱歌。on the left是介词短语,意为“在左边”。In England we drive on the left. 在英国我们靠左行驶。拓展:on the right意为“在右边”。Integrated skills20.Walk past the house, turn left and walk along the path next to the river. 走过这座房子,向左转,沿着河边的小路走。past,此处是介词,表示“经过”。Walk past the police station, and you’ll find the bookshop.在故宫,我们能看到人们过去使用过的古老的东西。21.Take the second turning on the right. 在第二个拐角处右拐。本句中的“take+the+序数词+turning on the left/right”意为“在第……个拐弯处向左/右拐”,其同义结构为“turn left/right+at+the+序数词+turning”。Walk/Go along the street and take the second turning on the left.=Walk/Go along the street and turn left at the second turning. 沿着这条街往前走,在第二个拐弯处向左拐。22.How do I get there? 我怎么到那儿?此句为问路交际用语,表示问路的常用句型还有:Excuse me, where is...? Can you tell me the way to...? Which is the way to...?Can you tell me how to get to...? How can I get to...?拓展:表示指路的常用句型有:Go/Walk along/down the road. Go straight on. Turn right/left into...at the ...Walk on until you get to... You can see...on your right/left.23.Walk straight on, and you’ll see the traffic lights. 一直向前走,你会看到交通灯。traffic名词,意为”交通,来往车辆“,为不可数名词。His left knee is hurt in a traffic accident. 他的左膝盖再一次交通事故中受伤了。There is too much traffic on the roads. 道路上来往车辆很多。拓展:traffic常作定语的短语:traffic lights 红绿灯traffic accident 交通事故traffic rules 交通规则24.Then you’ll see Sunny Garden at the corner of the street. 然后你将在街道的拐角处看到阳光花园。corner名词,意为“角落;拐角”。Does the bookcase stand in the corner of the room? 书架在房间的角落里吗?拓展: in the corner 在(……内部的)角落里; at the corner 在(街道的)拐角处 Study skills&Task25.My parents will prepare plenty of food and drinks for us. 我的父母将为我们准备丰富的食物和饮料。prepare动词,意为“准备;预备”。prepare for sth,意为“为某是做好准备”;prepare sth.(for sb.)意为“(为某)准备某物”;prepare to do sth.意为“准备做某事”;prepare sth.意为“准备(好)某物”。拓展:plenty of意为“大量,足够”,其前没有不定冠词,它既可以修饰可数名词,也可以修饰不可数名词。 26.Get out at Exit A. 从A出口出来。get out有“出来”或“逃出”的意思。No one knows how the lion got out. 没人知道狮子是怎样逃出来的。注意:如果说话者很愤怒时,说get out意味着让对方“滚开”。Now you must get out of here! 你们现在必须从这滚开!exit名词,意为“出口”复数为exits。反义词为entrance(入口)。Can you find the exit? 你能找到出口吗?注意:表示“一个出口/入口”要用an exit/entrance,冠词为an。
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