17中国历史故事（二）-中考英语时文阅读练习（含答案解析）

这是一份17中国历史故事（二）-中考英语时文阅读练习（含答案解析），共10页。
01
根据短文内容，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选择一个最佳答案。
There are many great stries in Chinese histry. This is ne f the mst educatinal stries.
Kuang Heng was a very famus persn in the Western Han Dynasty, and he was brn in a ____1____ family. He liked reading very much. He needed t wrk in the daytime, s he had t read bks during the night. But he was t pr t buy a ____2____.
One day, he fund his neighbr had candles, but the light culdn’t g ____3____ the wall. After thinking fr a while, he had an idea. He ____4____ a small hle in the wall in his huse s that he culd use the light frm his neighbr’s huse t read bks. Frm that day n, he read bks every night ____5____ the light went ut. After sme days, in his huse there were n bks fr him t read. Then he went t a rich man’s huse and wrked fr him withut ____6____ any mney. Hearing this, the rich man thught that Kuang Heng was ____7____ but still asked, “Yu meant yu wuld wrk fr me fr free. But why?” Kuang Heng replied, “Well, I nly want t ____8____ yur bks t read. That’s enugh.”
The rich man was deeply mved and he ____9____. Kuang Heng read the bks in the rich man’s huse ne by ne. ____10____, he became a great schlar (学者). If yu are still wrried abut reading bks, it’s necessary fr yu t learn frm Kuang Heng.
1．A．richB．smallC．prD．big
2．A．candleB．huseC．bkD．match
3．A．byB．verC．acrssD．thrugh
4．A．fundB．hungC．dugD．put
5．A．ifB．untilC．althughD．after
6．A．asking frB．giving backC．paying frD．laying ut
7．A．simpleB．smartC．seriusD．stupid
8．A．lendB．brrwC．buyD．keep
9．A．advisedB．agreedC．achievedD．argued
10．A．SuddenlyB．CertainlyC．FinallyD．Unluckily
02
During the Han dynasty, there was a general named Ban Cha. One day, he was sent t visit Shanshan state(鄯善国)(near mdern Xinjiang) in the western regins.
The ____11____ f Ban’s trip was t establish(建立) gd relatins with the state. He brught nly abut 30 sldiers ____12____ him. The Shanshan king received them kindly and treated them well.
At that time there was a natin called Xingnu r Hun in the nrth. It ften fught against Han’s army. A few days after Ban’s team had ____13____ Shanshan, Xingnu als sent messengers(使者) and a grup f sldiers t the state. They spke ____14____ f Ban t the king f Shanshan. The king was almst cnvinced(说服) by them. He began t shw a cld attitude(态度) twards Ban’s grup.
When Ban saw this, he called tgether his sldiers and said t ____15____, “Nw we are in a very dangerus situatin. The Shanshan king is n lnger treating us in a ____16____ manner(态度). If we dn’t d anything, he may ____17____ us ver t the Huns. In this case, we will neither be able t cmplete ur task nr return alive.
“What shuld we d nw?” asked the sldiers.“We will all ____18____ yu!
The general said, “The Huns have ____19____ sldiers than we d and the Shanshan king is likely t supprt them. Our task is as difficult as stealing a ____20____ tiger frm a grup f adult tigers. If we dn’t venture(冒险) int their cave, hw can we achieve ur gal? We have n ____21____ but t attack and kill all f the sldiers at the Huns army camp when they slept."
____22____, Ban led his sldiers secretly t the Huns’ camp. There, he set fire and beat the war drums ludly. The Hun sldiers were very ____23____. After a fierce battle(激战), Ban’s army killed mre than 100 ____24____.
The next day, Ban met with the king f Shanshan. The king admired(钦佩) Ban’s bravery ____25____ he feared Ban at the same time. He immediately signed a peace treaty(条约) with Ban.
11．A．experienceB．methdC．trubleD．purpse
12．A．behindB．withC．abutD．under
13．A．arrived inB．went thrughC．walked pastD．returned frm
14．A．badlyB．highlyC．warmlyD．cldly
15．A．usB．himC．yuD．them
16．A．deadlyB．sillyC．friendlyD．lvely
17．A．handB．lkC．getD．think
18．A．listen tB．hear frmC．lk atD．make friends with
19．A．lessB．mreC．fewerD．weaker
20．A．silkB．babyC．paperD．crayn
21．A．chanceB．changeC．chiceD．challenge
22．A．In the mrningB．In the afternnC．At nnD．At night
23．A．relaxedB．excitedC．frightenedD．interested
24．A．enemiesB．hrsesC．guestsD．teams
25．A．andB．butC．rD．s
03
In the Warring States Perid, there were many shining names in the river f the histry. Lian P and Lin Xiangru were amng them. Bth f them were generals f the State f Zha. They bth cntributed a lt t their cuntry. Lian P was gd at fighting against enemies in the war while Lin Xiangru was strng in prviding wise suggestins fr the king.
One day, Lin Xiangru tk a lt f truble t get a valuable jade(璧) back fr the king.Then the king highly praised him. Lian P feIt unhappy and said, “I’ll make Lin Xiangru feel ashamed and flish the next time I meet him.” Lin Xiangru heard f this frm thers. In rder nt t cause truble, he tried his best t avid meeting Lian P. Because Lin Xiangru put benefit f the cuntry first, he thught that any truble between him and Lian P wuld be used by the enemy f their cuntry. S he kept silent.
Later when Lian P realized his mistake, he was s ashamed that he went t Lin Xiangru’s hme carrying brambles n his back and asked fr punishment. Lin Xiangru welcmed him warmly and cnsidered him as his best friend.
26．Lian P and Lin Xiangru were bth ________.
A．kingsB．sldiersC．generalsD．enemies
27．After hearing what Lian P said frm thers, Lin Xiangru ________.
A．said srry t Lian PB．tld the king
C．kept silentD．visited Lian P
28．Accrding t the passage, it is TRUE that ________.
A．the king preferred Lian P t Lin Xiangru
B．Lian P didn’t realize his mistake at last
C．Lian P gt a valuable jade back fr the king
D．Lin Xiangru put benefit f the cuntry first
29．Which picture best describes the stry? ________
A．B．
C．D．
04
（2022年江苏省盐城市滨海县第一初级中学中考三模英语试题）During the Tang Dynasty, Emperr Taizng asked the prime minister（宰相）Feng Deyi t recmmend talented peple. Hwever, several mnths passed. Feng didn’t recmmend anyne.
“I tried my best, but there are nt unusual and well-runded（全面发展的）peple at all.”
Feng said. “Peple are like utensils（器物）. What we need t d is t make gd use f their strengths. Yu shuld blame yurself fr nt nticing talented peple. Hw culd yu say that there are n talented peple in ur era?”said the emperr.
Indeed, each utensil r tl has a specific functin. A knife is made t cut things while chpsticks are made t pick up fd. We can’t use a knife as a chpstick. Like a utensil, each persn has a particular strength. Nbdy is perfect. We can’t expect a persn t be gd at everything.
With this idea in mind, Emperr Taizng discvered many talented peple f different backgrunds. He ffered them imprtant psitins, which helped them make the mst f their talents. His talented peple helped the sciety develp and created a “glden age”.
A gd example is Ma Zhu, wh grew up in a pr family. Ma gave a lt f useful advice, s Emperr Taizng ffered him a psitin and prmted（晋升）him many times. Ma helped the emperr deal with cmplicated issues and became a well-knwn persn in histry.
As lng as a persn is talented in ne aspect, we shuld give them a chance. The same idea can be fund in the Analets f Cnfucus（《论语》）. Treating peple as utensils shws nt nly gd leadership, but a sincere and inclusive attitude.
30．Why culdn’t Feng Deyi find any talented peple at first?
A．There were n talented peple then.B．He was afraid f being replaced.
C．He tried t find well-runded peple.D．He was dissatisfied with the emperr.
31．Ma Zhu is a gd example f peple wh ________.
A．have n talent but are still usefulB．are unusual and well-runded
C．knw when t take a chanceD．shw talent in the right field
32．What can we learn frm the stry?
A．Chance favrs nly the prepared mind.
B．Many hands make light wrk.
C．Where there is a will, there is a way.
D．Talented peple shuld be valued and led t the right place.
05
阅读短文，选择方框里的词并用其适当的形式填空，使短文意思完整，通顺。（每词只能用一次，有两个单词是多余的）
During the Tang Dynasty in ancient China, there lived a man named Zha Gu. He wrte very gd pems. Even famus pets f his time enjyed reading ___33___.At that time, in a place called Wu, there lived a man named Chang Jian. He als liked t write pems. Chang Jian greatly admired Zha Gu’s ___34___ and wanted t learn frm him. One day, Chang Jian ___35___ that Zha Gu wuld be traveling t Wu. He knew that Zha Gu wuld surely visit Ling Yan Temple ___36___ his trip, because this was a very famus place. S Chang Jian went t the temple first. There was a wall in the temple fr ___37___ t write and share their ideas. Chang Jian ___38___ tw pem lines n the wall.
___39___ Zha Gu saw the tw pem lines n the temple wall, he culd nt help adding anther tw lines. And s Chang Jian achieved his gal. He said ___40___, “My pem is a brick (砖), and Zha Gu’s pem is jade (玉). I laid a brick, and attracted (吸引) jade!”
Nw peple ften ___41___ the idim pa zhuan yin yu when giving an pinin r a speech. It is a(n) ___42___ and mdest (谦虚的) way t express their hpe in seeing thers ffer smething better.
题型
主要内容
1
完形填空
介绍了匡衡凿壁偷光的故事。
2
完形填空
讲述了班超出使鄯善国，带领30多名士兵杀死了敌人并成功与鄯善国签平等条约的故事。
3
阅读理解
讲述了战国时期的廉颇负荆请罪的故事。
4
阅读理解
讲述了唐太宗知人善用的故事。
5
短文选词填空
介绍了成语“抛砖引玉”的典故。
hear, plite, happy, if, visit, when, talent, write, during, they, use, sund
参考答案
1．C 2．A 3．D 4．C 5．B 6．C 7．D 8．B 9．B 10．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了匡衡凿壁偷光的故事。
1．句意：匡衡是西汉一个很有名的人，他出生在一个贫穷的家庭。
rich富有的；small小的；pr穷的；big大的。根据“But he was t pr”可知是贫穷的家庭，故选C。
2．句意：但是他太穷了，买不起蜡烛。
candle蜡烛；huse房子；bk书；match比赛。根据下文“One day, he fund his neighbr had candles, ”可知是指蜡烛，故选A。
3．句意：有一天，他发现邻居有蜡烛，但光穿不过墙。
by通过；ver在上面；acrss穿过；thrugh通过。根据“but the light culdn’t wall.”可知是指光穿过墙，是从内部穿过，应用thrugh，故选D。
4．句意：他在自己房子的墙上挖了一个小洞，这样他就可以利用邻居家的灯光看书了。
fund找到；hung悬挂；dug挖；put放置。根据“a small hle in the wall”可知是挖一个洞，故选C。
5．句意：从那天起，他每天晚上都读书，直到熄灯。
if如果；until直到；althugh尽管；after以后。根据“he read bks every light went ut.”可知是指匡衡看书直到邻居的灯熄灭，故选B。
6．句意：然后，他去了一个富人的房子，为他工作，不需要给自己钱。
asking fr要求；giving back归还；paying fr支付；laying ut布置。根据“Yu meant yu wuld wrk fr me fr free”可知匡衡为富人工作，不需要薪水，故选C。
7．句意：富人听了，觉得匡衡太傻了。
simple简单的；smart聪明的；serius严肃的；stupid愚蠢的。结合生活实际可知，一个人工作却不要任何报酬，别人会觉得对方很傻，故选D。
8．句意：我只是想借你的书来看。
lend借出；brrw借入；buy买；keep保持。根据“Well, I nly want bks t read”可知是指匡衡要借书看，此处是指借入书，应用brrw，故选B。
9．句意：富人被深深打动了，他同意了。
advised建议；agreed同意；achieved实现；argued争吵。根据“deeply mved ”可知富人被匡衡的话感动了，于是同意了匡衡的要求，故选B。
10．句意：最后，他成了一名伟大的学者。
Suddenly突然；Certainly当然；Finally最终；Unluckily不幸地。根据“he became a great schlar (学者).”可知是指最终匡衡成为了一名伟大的学者，故选C。
11．D 12．B 13．A 14．A 15．D 16．C 17．A 18．A 19．B 20．B 21．C 22．D 23．C 24．A 25．A
【导语】本文主要讲述了班超出使鄯善国，带领30多名士兵杀死了敌人并成功与鄯善国签平等条约的故事。
11．句意：班超此行的目的是与鄯善国建立良好关系。
experience经历；methd方法；truble困扰；purpse目的。根据“The …f Ban’s trip was t establish(建立) gd relatins with the state.”可知，介绍他此行的目的是与鄯善国建立良好关系，故选D。
12．句意：他只带了大约30名士兵。
behind在……后面；with带有；abut关于；under在……下面。根据“He brught nly abut 30 sldiers … him”可知，随身携带了约30名士兵，故选B。
13．句意：班超的队伍到达鄯善国几天后，匈奴也派使者和一队士兵到鄯善国。
arrived in到达；went thrugh经历；walked past路过；returned frm从……回来。根据“A few days after Ban’s team had … Shanshan”可知，此处指到达鄯善国，故选A。
14．句意：他们对鄯善国王说班超的坏话。
badly糟糕地；highly高地；warmly暖和地；cldly寒冷地。根据“He began t shw a cld attitude(态度) twards Ban’s grup”可知，对国王说班超的坏话，最后国王对班超的队伍表现出冷淡的态度，故选A。
15．句意：班超看到后，召集士兵对他们说。
us我们；him他；yu你；them他们。根据“he called tgether his sldiers”可知，此处是指对这些士兵说，应填them，故选D。
16．句意：鄯善国王对我们不再友好了。
deadly夺命；silly愚蠢的；friendly友好的；lvely可爱的。根据“He began t shw a cld attitude(态度) twards Ban’s grup”可知，班超根据国王对他们的态度判断，不会再对他们友好了，故选C。
17．句意：如果我们什么都不做，他可能会把我们交给匈奴人。
hand交给；lk看；get得到；think认为。根据“us ver t the Huns”可知，把我们交给匈奴，故选A。
18．句意：我们都听你的。
listen t听；hear frm听说；lk at看；make friends with与……交朋友。根据“What shuld we d nw”可知，士兵询问班超的意见，都会听从他的安排，故选A。
19．句意：匈奴的士兵比我们多，鄯善国王很可能会支持他们。
less较少的；mre较多的；fewer较少的；weaker更虚弱的。根据“The Huns have…sldiers than we d and the Shanshan king is likely t supprt them”可知，匈奴的士兵更多，所以鄯善国王才会支持他们，故选B。
20．句意：我们的任务就像从一群成年老虎那里偷一只小老虎一样困难。
silk丝绸；baby婴儿；paper纸；crayn蜡笔。根据“If we dn’t venture(冒险) int their cave, hw can we achieve ur gal”可知，此处借用于“不入虎穴焉得虎子”这个道理来告诉士兵接下来的冒险，故选B。
21．句意：我们别无选择，只能趁匈奴人熟睡的时候，攻击并杀死他们。
chance机会；change改变；chice选择；challenge挑战。have n chice but t d sth“除了做某事，别无选择”，故选C。
22．句意：晚上，班超带着他的士兵秘密来到匈奴的营地。
In the mrning在早上；In the afternn在下午；At nn在中午；At night在晚上。根据“attack and kill all f the sldiers at the Huns army camp when they slept”可知，在晚上入睡的时候偷袭他们，故选D。
23．句意：匈奴兵非常害怕。
relaxed放松的；excited兴奋的；frightened害怕的；interested感兴趣的。根据“There, he set fire and beat the war drums ludly”可知，匈奴兵在晚上熟睡的时候听到这些声音感到很害怕，故选C。
24．句意：经过激烈的战斗，班超的军队杀死了100多名敌人。
enemies敌人；hrses马；guests客人；teams团队。根据“After a fierce battle(激战), Ban’s army killed mre than 100 ”可知，杀死了100多名敌人，故选A。
25．句意：国王既钦佩班超的勇敢，又害怕他。
and和；but但是；r或者；s因此。“admired(钦佩) Ban’s bravery”与“he feared Ban at the same time”是并列关系，故选A。
26．C 27．C 28．D 29．B
【导语】本文主要讲述了战国时期的廉颇负荆请罪的故事。
26．细节理解题。根据“Bth f them were generals f the State f Zha.“可知，他们都是赵国的将军。故选C。
27．细节理解题。根据“S he kept silent.”可知，听了别人的话，蔺相如保持沉默。故选C。
28．推理判断题。根据“Because Lin Xiangru put benefit f the cuntry first, he thught that any truble between him and Lian P wuld be used by the enemy f their cuntry.”可知，因为蔺相如把国家利益放在第一位，所以他认为自己和廉颇之间的任何麻烦都会被国家的敌人所利用。由此可知，藺相如把国家利益放在第一位。故选D。
29．推理判断题。本文主要讲述了战国时期的廉颇负荆请罪的故事，结合图画内容可知，B图最能描述这个故事。故选B。
30．C 31．D 32．D
【导语】本文主要讲述了唐太宗知人善用的故事。
30．推理判断题。根据“I tried my best, but there are nt unusual and well-runded（全面发展的）peple at all”可知，他试图找一些全面发展的人，故选C。
31．推理判断题。根据“Ma gave a lt f useful advice, s Emperr Taizng ffered him a psitin and prmted（晋升）him many times”可知，Ma Zhu在正确的地方发挥了才能，所以才能给太宗皇帝提出好建议，故选D。
32．推理判断题。根据全文内容可知，每个人的才能都不同，我们要善于发现每个人的优势，并好好利用起来，故选D。
33．them 34．talent 35．heard 36．during 37．visitrs 38．wrte 39．When 40．happily
41．use 42．plite
【导语】本文主要介绍了成语“抛砖引玉”的典故。
33．句意：即使是他那个时代的著名诗人也喜欢阅读它们。根据“He wrte very gd pems.”可知，人们爱读他的诗歌，空处用they的宾格them指代“pems”。故填them。
34．句意：常建非常钦佩赵嘏的才华，想向他学习。根据“…wanted t learn frm him.”可知，他欣赏赵嘏的才华，talent“才华”符合语境。故填talent。
35．句意：有一天，常建听说赵嘏要去吴。根据“…that Zha Gu wuld be traveling t Wu.”可知，空处缺谓语，时态是一般过去时，后接宾语从句，常建听说了这件事，hear“听说”符合语境，过去式是heard。故填heard。
36．句意：知道赵嘏在旅行期间一定会参观灵岩寺，因为这是一个非常有名的地方。根据“…his trip”可知，此处作状语，表示“在旅行期间”，用during。故填during。
37．句意：寺庙里有一面墙，供游客书写和分享他们的想法。根据“…t write and share their ideas.”可知，游客们在墙上写字，visit“参观”需变为名词复数visitrs“游客”。故填visitrs。
38．句意：常建在墙上写了两行诗。根据“…tw pem lines n the wall.”可知，他写了两行诗，时态是一般过去时，用write的过去式wrte。故填wrte。
39．句意：赵嘏看到庙墙上的两行诗，不禁又添了两行。空处应填一状语从句引导词，表示“当赵嘏看到这两行诗”，用when引导从句。故填When。
40．句意：他高兴地说：“我的诗是砖，赵固的诗是玉。我铺了一块砖，吸引了玉！”根据“And s Chang Jian achieved his gal.”可知，他实现了目标很开心，空处用副词修饰动词“said”，happily“开心地”符合语境。故填happily。
41．句意：现在人们在发表意见或演讲时经常使用成语“抛砖引玉”。空处缺谓语，时态为一般现在时，表示使用这个成语，use“使用”，主语“peple”是复数。故填use。
42．句意：这是一种礼貌和谦虚的方式，表达他们希望看到别人提供更好的东西。根据常识和“mdest”可知，“抛砖引玉”是一种礼貌、谦虚的说法，plite“礼貌的”，作表语。故填plite。