北京市西城区北京第八中学2023-2024学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题（原卷版+解析版）

这是一份北京市西城区北京第八中学2023-2024学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题（原卷版+解析版），文件包含精品解析北京市西城区北京第八中学2023-2024学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题原卷版docx、精品解析北京市西城区北京第八中学2023-2024学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共36页， 欢迎下载使用。
本卷满分100分，考试时间90分钟
第一部分：知识运用(共两节，30分)
第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，共15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Brad hadn’t seen Grandma Jy fr six years since their fierce argument. At his brther’s wedding, he ____1____ her again. He saw her walk unsteadily int the church and helped her get t the seat. But they didn’t say much.
Six mnths after the wedding, Brad hiked the Appalachian Trail. He fund himself ____2____ a lt abut his grandmther and the time they had spent at Blue Rck State Park, which is clse t her huse. There, they’d lift rcks in the river t find fish. It puzzled him why that ____3____ in particular stayed with him. He decided t call Grandma Jy.
It wuld be their first real ____4____ in years. She invited him ver and he said “yes”. When the dr pened, everything inside lked the same. But he was lking at a wman wh had ____5____. They made small talk. Grandma Jy said that she had many ____6____ in her life. One f them was that except her time at Blue Rck State Park, she’d never had the chance t see what she called the great utdrs.
Brad left his grandmther’s huse and went back t his rutine. But he culdn’t help thinking f Grandma Jy and her sadness f nt seeing mre f ____7____. She just lived a simple life that stpped at the edge f the cunty line. He thught it wuld be a lifelng pity if he didn’t ____8____ her. Then he came up with an idea that even he knew was ____9____. He wuld take his 85-year-ld grandma n a camping trip t a natinal park. He tld her his crazy idea. The ld lady ____10____ him by asking, “When d we leave?”
Having arrived there, Brad made a campfire. They sat next t each ther, feeling the warmth and lking at stars. They ____11____ the lckbx f their past, talking abut families and friends, abut lss and pain. They tld each ther they’d wasted t many years being ____12____. S they decided t g n mre trips tgether.
They have nw visited 62 natinal parks. The pen rad prvided time fr the pair t ____13____ their secrets. Grandma Jy highly valued Brad’s cmpany during the trips. She said she wuldn’t ____14____ him fr anybdy. Nw, they’re nt just traveling partners, nt just grandmther and grandsn, but ____15____.
1. A. missedB. calledC. praisedD. met
2. A. thinkingB. readingC. askingD. expecting
3. A. galB. planC. dreamD. memry
4. A. cnversatinB. partyC. picnicD. creatin
5. A. agedB. jkedC. hurriedD. succeeded
6. A. wrriesB. regretsC. wishesD. challenges
7. A. artB. natureC. histryD. culture
8. A. watch ut frB. keep up withC. reach ut tD. stay away frm
9. A. uselessB. incrrectC. impracticalD. unnecessary
10. A. annyedB. surprisedC. disappintedD. embarrassed
11. A. lstB. changedC. brrwedD. pened
12. A. differentB. distantC. busyD. plite
13. A. keepB. frgetC. shareD. recrd
14. A. tradeB. blameC. mistakeD. truble
15. A. strangersB. cmpetitrsC. relativesD. friends
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. D 4. A 5. A 6. B 7. B 8. C 9. C 10. B 11. D 12. B 13. C 14. A 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。自从Brad和奶奶激烈争吵后，Brad已经六年没见过奶奶了。一次在哥哥的婚礼上，他们见面了，开始了多年来的第一次真正的谈话，奶奶告诉Brad，除了蓝石州立公园，她从来没有机会看到过其他野外风景。于是Brad决定带着85岁的奶奶去国家公园露营。如今他们已经参观了62个国家公园，现在他们不只是旅行伙伴，祖孙，还是朋友。
【1题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在他哥哥的婚礼上，他又见到了她。A. missed想念；B. called打电话；C. praised赞扬；D. met遇到。由下文“He saw her walk unsteadily int the church and helped her get t the seat. (他看见她摇摇晃晃地走进教堂，扶她坐到座位上。)”可知，Brad在哥哥的婚礼上，又见到了奶奶Jy，故选D。
【2题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他发现自己想起了很多关于他祖母和他们在离她的房子很近的蓝石州立公园度过的时光。A. thinking思考；想起；B. reading阅读；C. asking询问；D. expecting期待。由下文“a lt abut his grandmther and the time they had spent at Blue Rck State Park, which is clse t her huse. ”可知，此处指他想起了很多关于他祖母和他们在蓝石州立公园度过的时光，故选A。
【3题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他不明白为什么那段记忆特别难忘。A. gal目标；B. plan计划；C. dream梦想；D. memry记忆力。上文提到作者想起了很多关于他祖母和他们在离她的房子很近的蓝石州立公园度过的时光可知，此处指这段记忆特别难忘。故选D。
【4题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这将是他们多年来第一次真正的对话。A. cnversatin交谈；B. party聚会；C. picnic野餐；D. creatin创作。由下文“She invited him ver and he said “yes”.(她邀请他过来，他答应了。)”，“They made small talk.”和上文提到的自从他们激烈争吵后Brad已经六年没见过奶奶了可知，此处指这是Brad和奶奶多年来第一次真正的对话，故选A。
【5题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但他正看着的是一个上了年纪的女人。A. aged变老；B. jked开玩笑；C. hurried匆忙；D. succeeded成功。由上文提到的自从他们激烈争吵后Brad已经六年没见过奶奶了，和“When the dr pened, everything inside lked the same. ”以及But可知，前后是转折关系，屋里的一切都没变，但是奶奶变老了，故选A。
6题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：奶奶乔伊说，她生活中有许多遗憾。A. wrries担忧；B. regrets后悔；C. wishes希望；D. challenges挑战。下文“One f them was that except her time at Blue Rck State Park, she’d never had the chance t see what she called the great utdrs.(其中之一是，除了在蓝石州立公园的时候，她从来没有机会看到她称之为的伟大野外。)”讲到除了蓝石州立公园，乔伊奶奶从来没有机会看到过其他的野外景色可知，这是她的遗憾，所以此处指她生活中有很多遗憾，故选B。
【7题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是他不禁想起了奶奶乔伊，还有她因为没能多看看大自然而感到悲伤。A. art艺术；B. nature自然；C. histry历史；D. culture文化。上文“One f them was that except her time at Blue Rck State Park, she’d never had the chance t see what she called the great utdrs.(其中之一是，除了在蓝石州立公园的时候，她从来没有机会看到她所谓的伟大野外景色。)”可知，此处指奶奶因为没能多看看大自然而感到悲伤，故选B。
【8题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：他觉得如果他不帮助她会是一辈子的遗憾。A. watch ut fr当心；B. keep up with赶得上；与……保持联系；C. reach ut t与……建立联系；帮助某人；D. stay away frm远离。由上文“But he culdn’t help thinking f Grandma Jy and her sadness f nt seeing mre f_____7_____.”以及上文提到的除了蓝石州立公园，乔伊奶奶从来没有机会看到过野外可知，除了蓝石州立公园，奶奶没有机会看到过其他的野外景色，所以作者决定要帮助她去看看自然风光，故选C。
【9题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后他想出了一个连他自己都知道不切实际的主意。A. useless无用的；B. incrrect不正确的；C. impractical不切实际的；D. unnecessary没有必要的。由下文“He wuld take his 85-year-ld grandma n a camping trip t a natinal park. He tld her his crazy idea. (他会带着85岁的奶奶去国家公园露营，他告诉了奶奶他的疯狂想法。)”可知，此处指他想出了一个连他自己都知道不切实际的主意——带着85岁的奶奶去国家公园露营，故选C。
【10题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：老太太问他：“我们什么时候走？”，这使他很惊讶。A. annyed使恼怒；B. surprised使惊讶；C. disappinted使失望；D. embarrassed使尴尬。由下文““When d we leave?””和上文提到他想出了一个连他自己都知道不切实际的主意——带着85岁的奶奶去国家公园露营可知，奶奶在听到这个主意后，竟然答应去国家公园露营，这使Brad很惊讶，故选B。
【11题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们谈论过去，谈论家人和朋友，谈论失去和痛苦。A. lst丢失；B. changed改变；C. brrwed借；D. pened打开。由下文“the lckbx f their past”可知，此处指他们打开过去的盒子，即谈论过去，故选D。
【12题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们互相告诉对方，他们一直互相疏远，这浪费了很多年。A. different不同的；B. distant遥远的；疏远的；C. busy忙的；D. plite礼貌的。第一段提到自从他们激烈争吵后Brad已经六年没见过奶奶了可知，此处指他们过去一直很疏远，故选B。
【13题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：开阔的道路为这两个人提供了分享秘密的时间。A. keep保持；B. frget忘记；C. share分享；D. recrd记录。上文“They sat next t each ther, feeling the warmth and lking at stars. They___13____ the lckbx f their past, talking abut families and friends, abut lss and pain. ”可知，此处指Brad和奶奶在参观国家公园时互相分享自己的秘密，故选C。
【14题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她说她不会拿他换任何人。A. trade用……进行交换；B. blame责备；C. mistake误解；D. truble使忧虑。由上文“Grandma Jy highly valued Brad’s cmpany during the trips.”可知，奶奶很重视Brad的陪伴，所以说她不会拿他换任何人，故选A。
【15题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们不只是旅行伙伴，祖孙，还是朋友。A. strangers陌生人；B. cmpetitrs竞争者；C. relatives亲戚；D. friends朋友。由上文“they’re nt just traveling partners, nt just grandmther and grandsn”和上文提到他们互相分享自己的秘密可知，Brad和奶奶不仅仅是旅行伙伴，祖孙，还是朋友，故选D。
第二节语法填空(共15小题;每小题1分，共15分)
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
After cllege, I tried fr six mnths t get a jb, but my luck was bad. Finally, ne day I was in a dwntwn cffee shp, buried in the newspaper, and my luck began t change. A yung wman sitting next t me ___16___ (ask) whether she culd read my newspaper. I said OK and we started talking. She tld me she wrked in a huge advertising cmpany and ___17___ (lk) fr an assistant at the mment. I tld her I was interested in mass cmmunicatin and ___18___ (study) it fr fur years at the university. Within ne week, I was her assistant.
【答案】16. asked
17. was lking
18. had studied
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者有一天在咖啡馆里幸运地找到工作的故事。
【16题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：坐在我旁边的一位年轻女子问我能不能看一下我的报纸。分析句子可知，此处缺少谓语动词，结合上下文时态可知，此处要使用一般过去时表示过去所发生的事情，故填asked。
【17题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：她告诉我她在一家大型广告公司工作，目前正在寻找一名助理。分析句子可知，空处作宾语从句的谓语，时间状语为at the mment，且文章整体描述的是过去发生的事情，此处时态应用过去进行时，且主语是she，be动词用was。故填was lking。
【18题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：我告诉她我对大众传播感兴趣，并在大学学习了四年。不到一周，我就成了她的助手。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少谓语动词，结合句意及下文的时间状语“fr fur years”，可知此处表达的是在此之前已学习四年，表示“过去的过去”要使用过去完成时，故填had studied。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
When I turned eighteen, I started wrking fr my neighbrs, ___19___three children are all under 10 years ld. The neighbrs asked me if I had gtten my driver’s license. When I said yes, they were pleased because I culd drive the kids t places ___20___ they culd have fun. I never realized hw hard it was t take care f s many kids. As sn as we get in the car, they ask. “Are we there yet?” They think that we shuld arrive immediately. When they’re thirsty, they ask me t buy them sda, but what I tell them is that it is healthier t drink water. Hwever, they always say, “In ur huse we drink sda.” I dn’t understand why their parents give them sda instead f water. Whether I shuld fllw the rules f my huse r theirs cnfused me a lt, s I asked my parents what I shuld d. My parents tld me nt t say anything ___21___ was abut their parents’ rules but that I shuld try t encurage healthy habits by example. Little by little I’m learning hw t take care f children. I hpe that I ___22___ (be) as gd a mm t my kids as my mm has been t me.
【答案】19. whse
20. where 21. that
22. will be
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者18岁的时候给邻居照顾孩子打工的事情。
【19题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：18岁时，我开始给邻居打工，他们的三个孩子都不到10岁。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词neighbrs，在从句作定语，表示所属关系，应用关系代词whse。故填whse。
【20题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：当我答应的时候，他们很高兴，因为我可以开车送孩子们去他们可以玩的地方。定语从句修饰先行词places，在从句作地点状语，故用关系副词where。故填where。
【21题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：我的父母告诉我不要说任何关于他们父母的规定，但我应该努力以身作则，鼓励他们养成健康的习惯。定语从句修饰不定代词anything，且在从句作主语，只能用关系代词that引导从句。故填that。
【22题详解】
考查时态。句意：我希望我能像妈妈对我一样，成为孩子们的好妈妈。空处为宾语从句的谓语动词，此处从句描述将来的动作，应用一般将来时。故填will be。
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
The term “multitasking” riginally ___23___(refer) t a cmputer’s ability t carry ut several tasks at ne time. S far, multitasking ___24___(becme) a way f life and even a key t success fr many peple. In fact, sme excellent mental exercises invlve engaging the brain in tw r mre challenging activities at a time. ___25___checking e-mail while talking n a phne and reading the newspaper may be secnd nature fr sme peple, many times multitasking can make us less prductive. And studies shw that t much multitasking can lead t increased stress, anxiety and memry lss.
【答案】23. referred
24. has becme
25. Althugh##Thugh
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了“多任务处理”这个术语的起源和演变，以及多任务处理对人们生活和工作的影响。
【23题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：“多任务”一词最初指的是计算机一次执行多项任务的能力。分析句子可知，refer t(指，涉及)是句中谓语，与主语The term “multitasking”(“多任务”一词)之间是主动关系，结合时间状语riginally(最初)可知，讲述过去的事情应使用一般过去时态。故填referred。
【24题详解】
考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，一心多用已经成为许多人的一种生活方式，甚至是成功的关键。分析句子可知，becme(成为)是句中谓语动词，与主语multitasking之间是主动关系，结合时间状语S far可知，描述描述过去的事情对现在的影响，应使用现在完成时态，又因主语是单数名词，谓语动词也应使用单数形式。综上，谓语应用现在完成时的主动语态，单数形式。故填has becme。
【25题详解】
考查让步状语从句。句意：虽然对一些人来说，一边打电话一边查看电子邮件和看报纸可能是第二天性，但很多时候多任务处理会降低我们的效率。根据句意，“checking e-mail while talking n a phne and reading the newspaper may be secnd nature”和“multitasking can make us less prductive”之间有转折关系，虽然一些人习惯了一边打电话一边查看电子邮件和看报纸，但这样做很多时候会降低我们的效率。所以，用从属连词althugh或thugh引导让步状语从句。故填Althugh/Thugh。
D
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
In scial life, time plays a very imprtant part. In the U. S. A., guests tend t feel that they are nt highly regarded if the invitatin t a dinner party ___26___(send)nly three r fur days befre the party date. But it is nt true in all cuntries. In ther areas f the wrld, it is cnsidered flish t make an appintment t far in advance ___27___ plans that are made fr a date mre than a week away tend t be frgtten. The meaning f time differs in different parts f the wrld. Thus, misunderstandings arise between peple frm cultures in ___28___ time is treated differently. Prmptness(准时)is highly valued in American life. Fr example, ___29___ peple are nt punctual, they may be regarded as implite r nt fully respnsible. In the U. S. A. n ne wuld think f keeping a business partner waiting fr an hur, since it wuld be t implite. A persn ___30___ is five minutes late will say a few wrds f explanatin, thugh perhaps he will nt cmplete the sentence.
【答案】26. is sent
27. because
28. which 29. if
30. wh##that
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明时间在不同的社会和文化中的不同含义和价值，并强调了在美国社会中准时的重要性。
【26题详解】
考查被动语态。句意：在美国，如果晚宴邀请函在聚会日期前三四天才发出，客人往往会觉得自己不受重视。分析句子结构，这是一个包含条件状语从句的复合句，空白处在从句中作谓语，且与主语invitatin之间为被动关系，使用被动语态，因句子表示的是一个客观情况，谓语动词使用一般现在时的被动语态，又因主语为单数，故填is sent。
【27题详解】
考查原因状语从句。句意：在世界的其他地方，提前太远约定会见被认为是愚蠢的，因为超过一周时间的约会往往会被人遗忘。根据下文“plans that are made fr a date mre than a week away tend t be frgtten(超过一周时间的约会往往会被人遗忘)”可知，下文是对原因的解释，空白处应填表示“因为”含义的连词连接原因状语从句，故填because。
【28题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：因此，在对待时间不同的文化背景的人之间就产生了误解。分析句子结构，这是一个包含定语从句的复合句，先行词为：cultures，因空白处在定语从句中作宾语指物，使用关系代词which引导定语从句，故填which。
【29题详解】
考查条件状语从句。句意：例如，如果人们不守时，他们可能被认为是不礼貌的，或者没有尽到全部责任。分析句子结构，这是一个包含状语从句的复合句，根据空白处下文“peple are nt punctual(人们不守时)”可知，上文表示一种条件，空白处应填表示“如果”含义的连词连接条件状语从句，故填if。
【30题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：一个迟到五分钟的人会说几句解释的话，尽管他可能还没有说完。分析句子结构，这是一个包含定语从句的复合句，先行词为：persn，因先行词在定语从句中做主语指人，使用关系代词wh或者that引导定语从句，故填wh/that。
第二部分：阅读理解(共19小题;每小题2分，共38分)
第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)
阅读下列短文、从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
A
D yu knw smene wh has a hard time pening bttles r jars at hme? Eighth-grade students in Mark Blt’s engineering class were tasked with making changes t a prduct t make it easier fr peple with challenges t use.
Rather than requiring step-by-step directins fr creating their prjects, Mr. Blt preferred t leave students’ creative paths pen. Let’s see sme f the students’ prducts.
A Device That Easily Opens Bttles
T find a slutin fr her grandmther wh had difficulty in pening bttles, Alana lked at existing bttle peners and then she created her wn.
She used a piece f wd shaped like a cellphne. Next, she made three hles f different sizes in the wd s that they culd match cmmn bttle cap sizes. Each hle als had a layer f dried, sticky ht glue, which prvided a firm grip fr the bttle caps. With a simple twist f the device, her grandmther culd pen bttles withut help.
A Cffee Cup With A Supprtive “Thumb”
Due t arthritis, a disease that causes pain in r arund the jints, Rbert’s grandfather had truble hlding a cffee cup. Rbert simplified a rbtic “third thumb” device created by a Lndn designer. He used rubber bands and a 3D-printed plastic frm t make the extra “thumb” which can firmly supprt the bttm f a cup.
A Reading Tl
Michael nticed hw dyslexia——a cmmn reading disrder, made it difficult fr a friend t fllw alng n pages full f text. It is a language-prcessing cnditin. The brain tends t cnfuse the rder f numbers, letters and ther images.
S, Michael created a small adjustable windw-blind-style device. “My friend culd islate small sectins f text while reading,” he said.
31. Alana’s grandmther culd pen bttles easily by______.
A. sticking bttle caps t the device
B. cnnecting the device t a cellphne
C. twisting the device that has hles in it
D. cutting hles f different sizes in wd
32. What did Rbert d t help his grandfather?
A. He refrmed a prcess t frm a metal “thumb”.
B. He created a simpler “thumb” device in the cup.
C. He added plastic materials t the “thumb” device.
D. He used bands and a 3D-printed frm t make a “thumb”.
33. Which f the fllwing wrds can best describe the students in the passage?
A. Independent and patient.B. Creative and cnsiderate.
C. Ambitius and hardwrking.D. Open-minded and generus.
【答案】31. C 32. D 33. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了学生们的发明。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“Whe used a piece f wd shaped like a cellphne. Next, she made three hles f different sizes in the wd s that they culd match cmmn bttle cap sizes. Each hle als had a layer f dried, sticky ht glue, which prvided a firm grip fr the bttle caps. With a simple twist f the device, her grandmther culd pen bttles withut help.（他用了一块手机形状的木头。接下来，她在木头上打了三个不同大小的洞，这样它们就可以匹配普通瓶盖的大小。每个洞里都有一层干燥的、粘稠的热胶，可以牢牢地抓住瓶盖。只要简单地扭动一下这个装置，她的祖母就能在没有帮助的情况下打开瓶子。）”可知，阿拉娜的祖母可以通过扭转有洞的装置轻松打开瓶子。故选C。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中“Rbert simplified a rbtic “third thumb” device created by a Lndn designer. He used rubber bands and a 3D-printed plastic frm t make the extra “thumb” which can firmly supprt the bttm f a cup.（罗伯特简化了一个由伦敦设计师设计的机器人“第三根拇指”装置。他用橡皮筋和3d打印的塑料模型制作了一个额外的“拇指”，可以牢固地支撑杯子的底部。）”可知，Rbert为了帮助他的祖父，他用手带和3d打印的表格制作了一个“拇指”。故选D。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“T find a slutin fr her grandmther wh had difficulty in pening bttles, Alana lked at existing bttle peners and then she created her wn.（为了解决祖母开瓶困难的问题，Alana查看了现有的开瓶器，然后创造了自己的开瓶器。）”以及“Due t arthritis, a disease that causes pain in r arund the jints, Rbert’s grandfather had truble hlding a cffee cup. Rbert simplified a rbtic “third thumb” device created by a Lndn designer. He used rubber bands and a 3D-printed plastic frm t make the extra “thumb” which can firmly supprt the bttm f a cup.（由于关节炎(一种会导致关节或关节周围疼痛的疾病)，罗伯特的祖父连拿咖啡杯都有困难。罗伯特简化了一个由伦敦设计师设计的机器人“第三根拇指”装置。他用橡皮筋和3d打印的塑料模型制作了一个额外的“拇指”，可以牢固地支撑杯子的底部。）”可知，“有创造力，体贴”最能描述文章中的学生。故选B。
B
Sarah came running in. “Lk what I fund.” Over the tp f the paper I was reading came a crispy lng bject that caused me t jump. It was a snake skin that had been shed by ne f ur many garden snakes.
“Isn’t it beautiful?” said my wide-eyed seven-year-ld.
I stared at the rganic wrapper and thught t myself that it really wasn’t that beautiful, but I have learned never t appear uninterested with children. They see nly gd quality and excellence in the wrld until educated therwise.
“Why des it d this?” Sarah asked.
“Snakes shed their skin because they need t renew themselves,” I explained. “Why d they need t renew themselves?“ Sarah asked.
I suddenly remembered an article n this page many years ag where the writer was expressing her cncept f renewal. She used layers f paper ver a wall t describe hw we hide ur riginal selves, and said that by peeling away thse layers ne by ne, we see the riginal beneath. “We ften need t shed ur skins and thse catings that we cver urselves with,” I said t my nw absrbed daughter. “We utgrw sme things and find ther nes unwanted r unnecessary. This snake n lnger needs this skin. It is prbably t crinkly (起皱的) fr him, and he prbably desn’t think he lks as smart in it as he nce did.”
Sarah was getting the pint. As we talked, I knew that she began t understand, althugh slightly, that renewal is part f prgress; that we need t take a gd lk at urselves, ur rms, schlwrk and creativity, and see what we need t keep and what we need t cast ff. I was careful t pint ut that this is a natural cnsequence f their grwth.
“I see, Dad,” said Sarah and jumped ff my lap and ran ff.
I hped she wuld remember this. That ften, in rder t find ur real selves underneath the layers f cmmunity and culture with which we cver urselves year after year, we need t start examining these layers. We need t gently peel sme away, as we recgnize them t be wrthless r unnecessary; r at best, stre the nes thrwn away as mementes f ur prmtin t a better vitality r spirit.
34. Sarah learned frm her father that renewal is .
A. t recver the layers insideB. a natural part f getting mature
C. t review what has been dneD. the prcess f finding the unwanted
35. It can be inferred frm the passage that the authr .
A dislikes the snake skin at allB. shws cncern fr nature and culture
C. can grasp the chance t educate childrenD. ften encurages his daughter t raise questins
36. The authr mainly tells the reader that .
A. we shuld renew urselves t get imprvedB. snakes cast ff the layers t lk smarter
C. snakes shed their skins t renew themselvesD. we shuld explre ur riginal nature underneath
【答案】34. B 35. C 36. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了作者女儿问作者关于蛇为什么会脱皮的问题，作者借机又给女儿进行了一次教育。蛇要脱皮是在成长，人要进步也须不断反省自己，只有会发现自己的缺点才能不断进步。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Sarah was getting the pint. As we talked, I knew that she began t understand, althugh slightly, that renewal is part f prgress; that we need t take a gd lk at urselves, ur rms, schlwrk and creativity, and see what we need t keep and what we need t cast ff. I was careful t pint ut that this is a natural cnsequence f their grwth.(莎拉说到点子上了。在我们交谈过程中，我知道她开始明白，尽管只是一点点，更新是进步的一部分；我们需要好好审视我们自己，我们的房间，功课和创造力，看看我们需要保留什么，我们需要抛弃什么。我小心翼翼地指出，这是他们成长的自然结果)”可知，Sarah开始慢慢理解蛇蜕皮也是一种进步，并且作者继续指出这是它们成长的很自然的一种结果。故选B。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“As we talked, I knew that she began t understand, althugh slightly, that renewal is part f prgress; that we need t take a gd lk at urselves, ur rms, schlwrk and creativity, and see what we need t keep and what we need t cast ff. I was careful t pint ut that this is a natural cnsequence f their grwth.(在我们交谈的过程中，我知道她开始明白，尽管只是一点点，更新是进步的一部分；我们需要好好审视我们自己，我们的房间，功课和创造力，看看我们需要保留什么，我们需要抛弃什么。我小心翼翼地指出，这是他们成长的自然结果)”结合本文作者的女儿问作者关于蛇为什么会脱皮的问题，作者抓住这个机会给女儿进行了一次教育。由此推知，作者很善于抓住生活中的小事对孩子进行教育。故选C。
【36题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“That ften, in rder t find ur real selves underneath the layers f cmmunity and culture with which we cver urselves year after year, we need t start examining these layers. We need t gently peel sme away, as we recgnize them t be wrthless r unnecessary; r at best, stre the nes thrwn away as mementes f ur prmtin t a better vitality r spirit.(通常情况下，为了在我们年复一年所覆盖的社会和文化层之下找到真正的自我，我们需要开始审视这些层。当我们认识到它们毫无价值或不必要时，我们需要轻轻地剥掉一些；或者在最好的情况下，把那些被扔掉的东西储存起来，作为我们促进更好的活力或精神的纪念品)”可知，作者在文中针对蛇为什么会脱皮这一问题，把蛇的脱皮和人的进步作了类比。借机给女儿进行了一次教育。也是在向我们大家讲述这一道理：人要进步也须不断反省自己，这样才会发现自己的缺点并不断进步。故选A。
C
Have yu ever bught a new car and started nticing the exact clr and mdel f car everywhere? Has that type f car just becme ppular in yur city? Were they there befre? Or are yu just ging crazy?
Yu’re nt ging crazy. The reasn yu are nw just nticing them is what psychlgists call “priming”. Basically, the cars were always there. Yu just didn’t recgnize them cnsciusly. Hwever, when that certain mdel f car becmes part f yur cnscius thinking, yu start “autmatically” recgnizing all f the ther cars that are the same, because yu are already “primed” t d s.
The priming effect takes many frms. In ne study, students were asked t walk arund a rm fr 5 minutes at a rate f 30 steps per minute, which was abut ne-third their nrmal pace. After this brief experience, the participants were much quicker t recgnize wrds related t ld age, such as frgetful, ld, and lnely. Reciprcal priming effects tend t prduce a cherent reactin: if yu are primed t think f ld age, yu wuld tend t act ld, and acting ld wuld reinfrce the thught f ld age. This research shws that the way we think influences the way we act, and the way we act influences the way we think.
A similar cnclusin was reached by the American psychlgist William James a century ag, but he emphasized the effect n feeling. “Actins seem t fllw feeling, but really actins and feeling g tgether; and by regulating the actin, which is under the mre direct cntrl f the will, we can indirectly regulate the feeling, which is nt. Thus the path t cheerfulness, shuld ur cheerfulness be lst, is t sit up cheerfully and t act and speak as if cheerfulness were already there.”
S, that’s it. If yu want t be happy, just sit up and act happy. Based n these scientific findings, we can adpt certain priming effects t help make urselves cnsistently happier.
One thing we have in cmmn is ur ability t think, and thus feel. Pleasant thughts have been prven t prduce the chemicals that make us feel happy, particularly thughts and feelings f gratitude. When we purpsefully g thrugh and think abut the things we’re grateful fr and deliberately feel as much gratitude as we can, we are flding ur mind with the “happy chemicals”. Furthermre, by cnsciusly thinking, feeling and expressing gratitude, we will nt nly be happier in the mment, we will be “primed” t recgnize the things in ur life t appreciate. Each time this happens, the “happy chemicals” will be prduced. D this every day and we will becme cnsistently happier. This makes up fr the mmentary happiness we gain frm eating chclate r buying new clthes. Mre than that, cmbining thughts f gratitude with happy acts like smiling and laughing will have a supplementary psitive effect n ur state f mind.
37. Which f the fllwing is an example f the priming effect?
A. Walking much faster after attending a lecture abut ld age.
B. Dnating mney t the pr after seeing pictures f cute cats.
C. Learning abut varius types f cars after purchasing the first car.
D. Cmpleting SO_P as SOUP rather than SOAP after seeing the wrd EAT.
38. What des the underlined wrd “reciprcal” in Paragraph 3 prbably mean?
A. Related.B. Tw-way.C. Well-runded.D. Oppsite.
39. What will the authr prbably agree with?
A. Eating r shpping leads t cnsistent feelings f happiness.
B. Our will has greater cntrl ver emtins than ver actins.
C. Happy chemicals make us think abut the things we’re grateful fr.
D. Practicing gratitude frequently prepares us fr lng-term happiness.
40. Which f the fllwing wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A. Prime Yurself t Be Happier
B. Share Happiness t Enhance Wellbeing
C. Why Gratitude Is Imprtant in Psychlgy
D. Hw Happy Chemicals Affect Peple’s Thughts
【答案】37. D 38. B 39. D 40. A
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。通过注意到在马路上有很多与自己新买的车同款的汽车，引出心理学中的“启动效应”，启动效应有多种形式，研究表明：因为启动效应，人们的思维方式与行为方式之间会相互作用，基于科学发现，我们可以采用某些启动效应来帮助我们始终保持快乐。
【37题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“In ne study, students were asked t walk arund a rm fr 5 minutes at a rate f 30 steps per minute, which was abut ne-third their nrmal pace. After this brief experience, the participants were much quicker t recgnize wrds related t ld age, such as frgetful, ld, and lnely.(在一项研究中，学生们被要求以每分钟30步的速度在一个房间里走5分钟，这大约是他们正常速度的三分之一。在这个短暂的经历之后，参与者更快地识别出与老年有关的单词，如健忘、年老和孤独)”可知，在感知慢速行走的过程后，参与者会更快识别与老年有管的词汇，D项“Cmpleting SO_P as SOUP rather than SOAP after seeing the wrd EAT. (在看到单词EAT后将SO_P补全为SOUP而不是SOAP)”，参与者在已看见EAT这个单词后，内心会留意相关信息，与EAT有关联的词汇为SOUP，意为“汤，羹”，而SOAP为“肥皂”。由此推知，D项的例子属于“启动效应”，故选D项。
【38题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第三段“Reciprcal priming effects tend t prduce a cherent reactin: if yu are primed t think f ld age, yu wuld tend t act ld, and acting ld wuld reinfrce the thught f ld age. This research shws that the way we think influences the way we act, and the way we act influences the way we think.(Reciprcal启动效应往往会产生连贯的反应：如果你被启动想到老年，你就会倾向于表现得很老，而表现得很老会强化老年的想法。这项研究表明，我们的思维方式影响我们的行为方式，而我们的行为方式又影响我们的思维方式)”可知，这里陈述的是启动效应的一个形式，思维影响行为，行为又反过来影响思维，说明Reciprcal意为“交互的，互相的”，与Tw-way意思相同，故选B项。
【39题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Furthermre, by cnsciusly thinking, feeling and expressing gratitude, we will nt nly be happier in the mment, we will be ‘primed’ t recgnize the things in ur life t appreciate. Each time this happens, the ‘happy chemicals’ will be prduced. D this every day and we will becme cnsistently happier. This makes up fr the mmentary happiness we gain frm eating chclate r buying new clthes. Mre than that, cmbining thughts f gratitude with happy act s like smiling and laughing will have a supplementary psitive effect n ur state f mind.(此外，通过有意识地思考、感受和表达感激之情，我们不仅会在当下更快乐，还会‘准备好’认识到生活中值得欣赏的事物。每次这种情况发生时，‘快乐的化学物质’就会产生。每天都这样做，我们会变得越来越快乐。这弥补了我们从吃巧克力或买新衣服中获得的短暂快乐。不仅如此，将感恩的思想与快乐的行为结合起来，比如微笑和大笑，会对我们的精神状态产生补充的积极影响)”可推知，作者认为：经常表示感恩，不仅使我们当下很快乐，也为启动我们长期的幸福做好了准备工作。故选D项。
【40题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其倒数第二段“S, that’s it. If yu want t be happy, just sit up and act happy. Based n these scientific findings, we can adpt certain priming effects t help make urselves cnsistently happier. (就是这样。如果你想快乐，那就坐起来，装出快乐的样子。基于这些科学发现，我们可以采用某些启动效应来帮助我们始终保持快乐)”可知，通过注意到在马路上有很多与自己新买的车同款的汽车，文章引出话题：心理学中的“启动效应”，文章还提到了一些研究结果，表明我们的思维方式与我们的行为方式之间会相互作用，通过有意识地思考和感受感激之情，我们不仅当前快乐，也启动了长期的幸福。由此可知，“Prime Yurself t Be Happier (启动自己让自己变得更快乐)”适合作文章的标题。故选A项。
D
Persnality types are linked with structural differences in the brain, which culd explain why ne child grws up t be impulsive(冲动的)and utging while anther becmes diligent and intrspective.
Structural differences between the brains f 85 peple have been measured and linked with the fur main categries f persnality types, which were classified as “nvelty seeking”, characterized by impulsive actins; “harm avidance”, marked by pessimism and shyness; “reward dependence”, with an addictive persnality; and “persistence”, wh are peple tending t be diligent, hard-wrking and perfectinists.
The researchers said the brain differences are structural and can be measured in the size f specific regins f the brain that appear t be linked with each f the fur persnality types. Fr instance, peple defined as nvelty-seeking persnalities had a structurally bigger area in the brain while peple with harm-avidance persnalities had significantly smaller vlumes f tissue in brain regins.
The fact that characteristics are reflected in specific structural differences is useful t knw, fr instance, when it cmes t understanding a child’s behavir and chsing the right apprach s that smebdy wh is, fr example, particularly timid, might be helped thrugh educatin and develpment.
There is n pint shuting at a child wh is very shy and telling them ff, because it des nt cme naturally t them t put themselves frward. But actually knwing there is a bilgical basis fr this helps educatrs r parents t use the right apprach t help a child t cmpensate.
Peple wh have a reward-dependence persnality culd, fr example, be helped at an early age because they are at risk f turning t drink, drugs r fd if they d nt get the family supprt and encuragement they need.
“This study shws that persnality characteristics are smething yu are brn with, but their full expressin can be adjusted during develpment with the right apprach,” said Prfessr Venneri, wh carried ut the study with clleagues frm the University f Parma in Italy and Washingtn University in St Luis.
If yu knw it’s nt smething yu d but smething yu are, yu can change the envirnment t reduce the risk. Knwing that smene has such a predispsitin (体质) culd help them adpt preventive strategies and avid situatins where they might seek rewards which culd be ptentially harmful.
41. Which type f persn may turn ut t be drug-abusers?
A. “Nvelty seeking”.B. “Persistence”.
C. “Harm avidance”.D. “Reward dependence”.
42. Which f the fllwing is true abut shy peple?
A. They structurally have a smaller brain regin.
B. They can naturally put themselves frward.
C. They are t timid t be educated and helped.
D. They are ften shuted at and sclded.
43. What’s the main idea f the passage?
A. Peple have chances t change their persnality types.
B. Structural differences in the brain have effects n educatin.
C. Persnality types are related t structural differences in the brain.
D. Scientists have identified fur different persnality types.
44. The authr writes the passage t________.
A. argue a claimB. present a fact
C. supprt a researchD. intrduce an apprach
【答案】41. D 42. A 43. C 44. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲性格类型与大脑的结构差异有关。
【41题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第二段“Structural differences between the brains f 85 peple have been measured and linked with the fur main categries f persnality types, which were classified as ‘nvelty seeking’, characterized by impulsive actins; ‘harm avidance’, marked by pessimism and shyness; ‘reward dependence’, with an addictive persnality; and ‘persistence’, wh are peple tending t be diligent, hard-wrking and perfectinists.(85人的大脑结构差异已被测量，并与四种主要的性格类型相联系，这四种类型被归类为‘求新’，以冲动行为为特征；‘避免伤害’，以悲观和害羞为特征；‘奖赏依赖’，具有成瘾性；和‘坚持’，他们倾向于勤奋、努力和完美主义者。)”可知，“奖赏依赖”，具有成瘾性，所以更可能成为吸毒者。故选D项。
【42题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第三段“Fr instance, peple defined as nvelty-seeking persnalities had a structurally bigger area in the brain while peple with harm-avidance persnalities had significantly smaller vlumes f tissue in brain regins.(例如，被定义为求新性格的人的大脑区域结构更大，而具有避免伤害性格的人大脑区域的组织体积明显更小。)”可知，害羞的人应该是有避免伤害性格的人，所以他们大脑区域会小一些。故选A项。
【43题详解】
主旨大意题。由文章第一段“Persnality types are linked with structural differences in the brain, which culd explain why ne child grws up t be impulsive(冲动的)and utging while anther becmes diligent and intrspective.(性格类型与大脑的结构差异有关，这可以解释为什么一个孩子长大后变得冲动外向，而另一个孩子变得勤奋内省。)”以及后文可知，本文主要讲性格类型与大脑的结构差异有关。故选C项。
【44题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第三段“The researchers said the brain differences are structural and can be measured in the size f specific regins f the brain that appear t be linked with each f the fur persnality types. (研究人员表示，大脑的差异是结构性的，可以通过大脑中特定区域的大小来衡量，这些区域似乎与四种性格类型中的每一种都有联系。)”以及前后文可知，文章主要是在客观陈述有一个关于大脑差异和性格的关系研究结果，即陈述一个事实。故选B项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项有两项为多余选项。
Wrking Tgether t Save the Sea Turtles
Flrida has sme f the best beaches in the wrld. Thusands f peple visit the state t enjy the sand. But these beaches are als hme t five species f sea turtles. A majr prblem is facing these interesting creatures. ___45___ S hw d Flridians prtect these special animals?
Sme vlunteers and researchers in Flrida take direct actin t help the turtles. They lk clsely at the sand t find the fin (鳍) marks the mther sea turtles left there. ___46___ When they’ve figured ut where the eggs were laid, they mark the area ff s that n ne disturbs the eggs. They als cllect infrmatin abut the nests and tracks t help peple studying sea turtles.
These are nt the nly Flridians taking actin t help prtect these creatures. Flrida’s gvernment has passed laws t save the turtles. One f these laws is “Flrida’s Marine Turtle Prtectin Act”. This law prhibits anyne frm disturbing r destrying marine turtles, nests, r eggs.___47___
Anther way Flridians wrk tgether t save these creatures is thrugh rganizatins like the Sea Turtle Cnservancy. The Sea Turtle Cnservancy helps peple take steps that will help reduce the threats that put sea turtles in danger. Fr instance, bright lights n buildings near the beach can negatively impact sea turtles. Baby sea turtles usually hatch n the sandy beach and head t the cean. When there are bright lights cming frm the ther side f the shre far frm the cean, the baby turtles get cnfused. ___48___ T help save these turtles, The Sea Turtle Cnservancy wrks with prperty wners t make lighting in their buildings sea turtle-friendly. They als encurage Flrida residents t turn ff their lights at night if they live clse t a beach.
___49___ Smetimes, turtles mistake plastic bags fr jellyfish. They eat this trash and die. Flrida residents can vlunteer fr beach clean-ups and make sure t pick up their wn litter. They can als vte fr state leaders wh want t prtect the sea turtles’ habitats. Every individual in the cmmunity has the pwer t make a difference!
A. Many f them d nt make it t the cean and die.
B. Sme f these turtle species are in danger f ging extinct.
C. This helps them t lcate where the sea turtles laid their eggs.
D. It als helps make sure that sea turtles’ natural habitats are prtected.
E. Female sea turtles cme frm the cean and nt these beaches at night.
F. They use their fins t mve back acrss the beach and return t the cean.
G. Every Flridian can d their part t prtect sea turtles and their envirnment.
【答案】45. B 46. C 47. D 48. A 49. G
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了佛罗里达的海滩是五种海龟的家园，如今海龟正面临灭绝的危险，佛罗里达人采取多种措施来保护海龟、海龟巢、海龟蛋以及海龟的自然栖息地。
【45题详解】
根据上文“A majr prblem is facing these interesting creatures. (这些有趣的生物面临着一个主要问题。)”可知，设空处应具体说这个问题，下文“S hw d Flridians prtect these special animals? (那么佛罗里达人是如何保护这些特殊动物的呢？)”，句中用到prtect these special animals，说明这些特殊动物面临的问题很严重，得靠人为干预才可能解决，B项“Sme f these turtle species are in danger f ging extinct. (其中一些海龟有灭绝的危险。)”，B项承上启下，衔接连贯。故选B项。
【46题详解】
根据上文“They lk clsely at the sand t find the fin (鳍) marks the mther sea turtles left there. (他们仔细观察沙子，寻找海龟妈妈留在那里的鳍标记。)”，下文“When they’ve figured ut where the eggs were laid, they mark the area ff s that n ne disturbs the eggs. (当他们弄清楚卵的位置后，它们会在这个区域做上标记，这样就不会有人打扰卵了。)”可知，本段内容与保护海龟蛋有关，C项“This helps them t lcate where the sea turtles laid their eggs. (这有助于他们定位海龟产卵的地方。)”，C项起到承上启下的作用，句中的This指代上文的find the fin (鳍) marks the mther sea turtles left there, lcate where the sea turtles laid their eggs与下文figured ut where the eggs were laid呼应，上下文衔接连贯，故选C项。
【47题详解】
根据上文“Flrida’s gvernment has passed laws t save the turtles. One f these laws is ‘Flrida’s Marine Turtle Prtectin Act’. This law prhibits anyne frm disturbing r destrying marine turtles, nests, r eggs. (佛罗里达州政府已经通过了拯救海龟的法律。其中一项法律是《佛罗里达州海龟保护法》。这项法律禁止任何人扰乱或破坏海龟、海龟巢或海龟蛋)”可知，佛罗里达有了保护海龟、海龟巢或海龟蛋的法律，D项“It als helps make sure that sea turtles’ natural habitats are prtected. (它还有助于确保海龟的自然栖息地得到保护。)”，句中的It知道上文的Flrida’s Marine Turtle Prtectin Act，由als可知，D项承接上一句，说明了法律保护的具体范畴，上下文衔接连贯。故选D项。
【48题详解】
根据上文“Baby sea turtles usually hatch n the sandy beach and head t the cean. When there are bright lights cming frm the ther side f the shre far frm the cean, the baby turtles get cnfused. (小海龟通常在沙滩上孵化，然后游向大海。当有明亮的光线从远离海洋的海岸的另一边照射过来时，小海龟就会感到困惑。)”可知，小海龟因为夜间的人造光，迷失了方向，A项“Many f them d nt make it t the cean and die. (它们中的许多海龟没能进入海洋就死了。)”可知，句中的them指代上文的the baby turtles，上下文语意一致，衔接连贯。故选A项。
【49题详解】
根据本段最后一句“Every individual in the cmmunity has the pwer t make a difference! (社区中的每个人都有能力做出改变！)”可知，这是本段的结尾总结句，提及到每一位社区成员，为了保护海龟，佛罗里达的居民们也要尽一份力，G项“Every Flridian can d their part t prtect sea turtles and their envirnment. (每个佛罗里达人都可以尽自己的一份力量来保护海龟和它们的环境。)”，G项为本段中心句，与最后的总结句呼应，语意一致。故选G项。
第三部分：词汇(共12小题;每小题1分，共12分)
第一节选词填空(共7小题;每小题1分，共7分)
用方框中单词或短语的正确形式完成下列句子，每个单词(短语)只能用一次，有一个多余选项。
50 The trees had been planted by the _____________ wner f the huse.
51. The team is quite successful; all the players have _____________ in their manager.
52. As a lucky child I was _____________ by lve and kindness.
53. He hpes he will be a(n) _____________ fr ther yung peple frm disadvantaged backgrunds.
54. The film was s attractive that it certainly _____________ my expectatins.
55. _____________ firecrackers and firewrks is a traditinal way t celebrate the Spring Festival.
56. Nwadays many university graduates are facing the dilemma abut whether they shuld _____________ a jb r cntinue further study.
【答案】50. previus
51. cnfidence
52. surrunded
53. inspiratin
54. lived up t
55. Letting ff
56. apply fr
【解析】
【50题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这些树是这个房子之前的主人种的。分析句子结构可知，此处要使用形容词作定语，结合句意可知，此处使用previus“以前的”符合句意，故填previus。
【51题详解】
考查名词。句意：这个团队相当成功；所有的球员都对他们的教练充满信心。结合句句意可知，短语have cnfidence in“对……有信心”符合句意，故填cnfidence。
【52题详解】
考查动词和被动语态。句意：作为一个幸运的孩子，我被爱和善良包围着。结合句意可知，此处使用surrund“包围”符合句意，主语I和surrund之间为被动关系，要使用一般过去时的被动语态，句中已给出了be动词，故填surrunded。
【53题详解】
考查名词。句意：他希望自己能激励其他来自弱势背景的年轻人。分析句子结构可知，不定冠词后缺少名词作表语，结合句意可知inspiratin“令人鼓舞的人或事”符合句意，故填inspiratin。
【54题详解】
考查动词短语和时态。句意：这部电影太吸引人了，确实没有辜负我的期望。结合句意可知lived up t“不辜负”符合句意，根据上文时态可知，此处要使用一般过去时表示过去所发生的事情，故填lived up t。
【55题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：燃放鞭炮和烟花是庆祝春节的传统方式。结合句意可知，let ff “使爆炸”符合句意，分析句子结构可知，此处要使用动名词作主语，位于句首，注意首字母要大写，故填Letting ff。
【56题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：如今，许多大学毕业生面临着是应该申请工作还是继续深造的两难境地。分析句子结构可知，情态动词后要使用动词原形，结合句意可知，短语apply fr “申请”符合句意，故填apply fr。
第二节(共5小题;每小题1分，共5分)
根据首字母和英文释义，填写适当的单词。请将完整的单词拼写填在答题纸上。
57. She was brave enugh t q_____________ her jb t g travelling arund the wrld. (t leave yur jb, schl, etc,; stp ding sth.)(根据首字母和英文释义单词拼写)
【答案】quit##uit
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：她很勇敢地辞去工作去环游世界。根据单词首字母以及英文提示可知为动词quit，且上文为短语enugh t d sth.“足够……做某事”，因此空处填动词原形。故填quit。
58. He wuldn’t have the p________t sit reading all day. (the ability t cntinue waiting r ding smething fr a lng time withut becming angry r anxius) （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】patience##atience
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：他没有耐心整天坐着看书。根据首字母和英语提示(长时间等待或做某事而不生气或焦虑的能力)可知，是“耐心”patience，冠词后用名词，故填patience。
59. He received a watch as a present n the ________f his retirement. (a special event, ceremny r celebratin) （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】ccasin ##ccasin
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：他退休时收到了一块手表作为礼物。根据首字母和英文提示可知，此空应填ccasin ，表“特别的事情(或仪式、庆典)”，为可数名词且此处应用单数形式，n the ccasin f表“值此…之际”，为固定搭配。故填ccasin。
60. I refuse t lie abut it; it’s against my p_____________. (a mral rule r a strng belief That influences yur actins) (根据首字母和英文释义单词拼写)
【答案】principle##rinciple##principles##rinciples
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我拒绝撒谎，撒谎违背了我的原则。根据所给首字母及提示可知，此处意为“违背原则”，principle为可数名词，此处可用单数，也可用复数，故填principle(s)。
61. Hw t d__________ urselves frm cyber bullying in the era f Internet has becme a heated tpic.(t prtect sb/sth frm attack) (根据首字母和英文释义单词拼写)
【答案】defend
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这个互联网时代,如何让自己免受网络欺凌的伤害已经成为一个热门话题。结合句意及英文释义可知，此处使用defend“保护”符合题意，“特殊疑问词+不定式“结构在句中作主语，句中不定式符号已给出，空处填动词原形。故填defend。
第四部分：书面表达(20分)
62. 假设你是高一学生李华，你们班这学期读了一本英文小说WONDER，你非常喜欢，想要把这本小说推荐给你的英国朋友Jim。请你给他写一封信，内容包括：
1.故事梗概；
2.最喜欢的人物；
3.推荐理由。
注意：1.词数不少于100；2.开关和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
提示词：推荐recmmend sth. t sb.; recmmend sb. t d sth.
Dear Jim,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Jim,
My class read an English nvel called WONDER this semester. I like it very much. I’m writing t recmmend yu t read the nvel by It is a bk full f lve and hpe.
It fcuses n a by named Auggie, wh is brn with a facial defrmity and is still nt understd r accepted after multiple surgeries. Hwever, during his new schl experience, he meets sme real friends and peple wh are willing t accept him. My favrite character is Auggie whse bdy is weak but his spirit is strng. This bk is nt nly a children’s literature, but als a bk f revelatin fr readers f all ages, which makes ne rethink what true beauty and curage are, and hw t build true friendship in a wrld full f difference.
If yu are interested, read the details!
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国朋友 Jim 写一封信，向他推荐一本英文小说WONDER，并陈述推荐理由。
【详解】1.词汇积累
喜欢： like →be fnd f
推荐：recmmend→ suggest/advise
聚焦于：fcus n→cncentrate n
充满：be full f →be filled with
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句： I’m writing t recmmend yu t read the nvel by It is a bk full f lve and hpe.
拓展句： I’m writing t recmmend yu t read the nvel by , which is a bk full f lve and hpe.
【点睛】【高分句型1】 Hwever, during his new schl experience, he meets sme real friends and peple wh are willing t accept him. （运用了wh引导的定语从句）
【高分句型2】This bk is nt nly a children’s literature, but als a bk f revelatin fr readers f all ages, which makes ne rethink what true beauty and curage are, and hw t build true friendship in a wrld full f difference.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
attend, let ff, cnfident, inspire,
live up t, previus, surrund, apply fr