2022-2023学年陕西省渭南市富平县高二（下）期末英语试卷（含详细答案解析）

这是一份2022-2023学年陕西省渭南市富平县高二（下）期末英语试卷（含详细答案解析），共22页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，阅读七选五，完形填空，语法填空，短文改错，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
一、阅读理解：本大题共15小题，共30分。
A
These teenagers are devted t cmmunity service and are gaining a deep sense f sat if actin in that service.They are making a difference.
Sana Ahmed
Sana Ahmed described a cigarette pick-up at Nrth Hlywd Park.The event was rganized by her schls American Cancer Sciety （ACS），which wrks t warn peple f the dangers f smking.The cigarette butts （烟蒂） were saved in a large cntainer and used as a symbl in teaching thers abut the danger f smking amng ther cancer-causing activities.
Wjin Chen
Wjin Chen vlunteers with the Salvatin Army and its child-care center.He helps elementary and middle schl students frm lw-incme families with their schlwrk.This wrk has als inspired Wjin t help raise mney fr students in financial need s they can buy necessary supplies and bks.
Sean Garcia
Sean Carcia belngs t an rganizatin called IXIM.IXIM was start d t create a cmmunity f Mayan refugees.Mayan custms were cntrlled in Guatemala during the Spanish Cnquest.Many Guatemalans ran t Ls Angeles，including Sean's family.Each year，IXIM hlds a ty drive fr children with the help f the lcal fire department.
Rahul Gyal
Rahul Gyal vlunteers at an n-prfit rganizatin called Caring Hand fr Children.The rganizatin prvides educatin fr thse living in pr areas in India.One prject is a cultural shw that is held t raise mney fr this wrk every year.Rahul's part f the shw is a dance whse theme is related t a particular perid f Indian histry.Last year，the event raised 150，000 t help ver 1，600 children.
1.What did Sana Ahmed d that fr？ ______
A. T help clean Nrth Hllywd Park.
B. T advise peple t give up smking.
C. T intrduce cancer-causing activities.
D. T cllect cigarettes with a large cntainer.
2.Why des Wjin Chen raise mney？ ______
A. T finance pr students.
B. T help with his teaching wrk.
C. T wrk with the Salvatin Army.
D. T ffer vlunteers what they really want.
3.Wh ffered the lcal peple a chance t learn their histry？ ______
A. Wjin Chen.B. Sana Ahmed.C. Sean Garcia.D. Rahul Gyal.
B
A recent study has shwed that a wearable sft rbt，named Relieb，can imprve the experience f patients in medical treatments，such as injectins （注射） and ther unpleasant treatments.The gal f the rbt is t help ease pain and defend peple against anxiety.The study，led by researchers at the University f Tsukuba，was inspired in part by the numerus needles peple had t put up with while being vaccinated.Sme peple felt an intense dislike fr these needs，which led t fewer peple getting vaccinated.
The rbt is sft and cvered in fur.It cntains small airbags internally that inflate（膨胀） in respnse t hand mvement.Participants in the study wh wre the rbt while subjected t a medium heat stimulatin，experienced less pain in the test than thse wh did nt wear the rbt.
The research team checked the effectiveness f the wearable rbt while being handled by participants under certain cnditins，based n the clenching （紧握） f the hand.The team placed painful heat stimulatin n the ther arm that was nt hlding the rbt.They then measured crtisl （皮质醇） levels frm the participants' saliva samples，suggesting levels f stress hrmnes.The pain felt by the patients was given specific ratings and was als recrded using an assessment table.The peple in the study were given a survey test t assess their fear f injectins befre and after the experiment with the wearable rbt was cmpleted.
The study prved that a wearable-infrmed rbt may serve as a prspective tl t ease the experience f patients wh were receiving injectins.The research team hpes t use this study t advance the rbt fr use during painful situatins，such as getting medical shts r similar cnditins.
4.What is the functin f the rbt？ ______
A. T make dctrs inject accurately.
B. T prevent patients frm getting ill.
C. T help relieve peple's pain frm injectins.
D. T assess the effects f vaccines.
5.What is the main idea f Paragraph 3？ ______
A. The reasns fr ding the experiment n the rbt.
B. The prpsals f reducing peple's fear f injectins.
C. The cntributins f the new rbt in the medical field.
D. The methds f testing the effectiveness f the rbt.
6.What des the underlined wrd "prspective" mean in the last paragraph？ ______
A. Useless.B. Prmising.C. Narrw.D. Disgusting.
7.Where is the text prbably frm？ ______
A. A news reprt.B. A music website.
C. A sprts magazine.D. A science fictin.
C
Perhaps unsurprisingly，buffnery（滑稽） was ne f few careers acceptable fr wmen t pursue in the Middle Age.And it was nt uncmmn fr wmen t enjy this career.
Hwever，in the 17th century，cmedians were frced t sciety's edge as their tendency t truth-telling was n lnger tlerated amng high sciety and wmen，bearing the weight f gender prejudice，were seldm amng this career.
This slwly began t change in the mid-19th century when wmen began t enter the wrkfrce and，in the circus industry，a grwing minrity f female perfrmers were emplyed.They prmted the industry's "New Wman" mvement which intrduced female perfrmers int the traditinally male stage.
In 1895，amng the wmen breaking the prejudice was Jsephine Williams r "Lady Evetta" called the "The Only Lady Clwn".
Williams tld The New Yrk Times： "I believe that a wman can d anything fr a living that a man can d and d it just as well as a man.All my peple laughed at me when I tld them that I was ging n stage as a clwn.But they d nt laugh nw."
Despite her being ptimistic，the article cncluded： "The men in the clwn business rather enjy Miss.Williams' dd perfrmances but they d nt regard her as a serius cmpetitr r believe that any ther wmen are likely t fllw her example."
Hw wrng they were.In the 1970s，French-brn Annie Fratellini pened circus schl，Académie Fratellini，encuraged by her film-making husband Pierre Etaix.
Fratellini Auguste was recgnizable as the clwn familiar tday.Her unique make-up was made up f a big red nse，tears，a black muth and shiny decratins fixed t her eyes.When asked whether the character she acted was male r female，she insisted that "clwns have n gender".
8.What happened in the 17 th century accrding t Paragraph 2？ ______
A. Cmedians disappeared in the sciety.
B. Few wmen wrked as cmedians.
C. Male cmedians were frced ut f sciety.
D. Cmedians were ppular amng high sciety.
9.What is peple's attitude t Williams as a clwn at first？ ______
A. Supprtive.B. Appreciative.C. Impatient.D. Unacceptable.
10.Wh created the clwn image familiar t us tday？ ______
A. Annie Fratellini.B. Pierre Etaix.
C. Lady Evetta.D. Jsephine Williams.
11.What is the text mainly abut？ ______
A. Wmen suffered frm prejudice.B. The develpment f cmedies.
C. The histry f female clwns.D. Hw men brke the prejudice.
D
Scientists recently discvered that pictures n cave walls at Creswell Crags are the ldest knwn in Great Britain.But they didn't find ut in the usual way.
Archaelgists ften date cave art with a prcess called radicarbn dating.The technique can measure the age f carbn fund in charcal（木炭）drawings r painted pictures.Carbn is an element fund in many things，including charcal and even peple.But in this case，there was n paint r charcal t test.Peple carved the pictures f animals and figures int the rck using stne tls.The scientists had an "aha！"mment when they nticed small rcks stuck t the tp f the drawings.The small rcks must have frmed after the drawings were made.
"It is rare t be able t scientifically date rck art，"said Alistair Pike，an archaelgical scientist at Britain's University f Bristl."We were very frtunate that sme f them were cvered by stalagmites（石笋）."
When a test prved that the stalagmites frmed 12，800 years ag，the scientists knew the art underneath them had t be at least that ld.And sme f the animals shwn，like the Eurpean bisn，are nw extinct-anther tip ff that the art is quite ld.
The artists came t Creswell Crags.This place is ne f the farthest pints nrth reached by ur ancient ancestrs during the Ice Age.At that time，much f the Nrth Sea was dry，s peple culd mve mre easily.
Sme tls and bnes fund there are 13，000 t 15，000 years ld.They shw that the travellers hunted hrses，reindeer，and arctic hare.Their artwrk is similar t art in France and Germany.It tells scientists that the Creswell Crags artists must have had a clse cnnectin t the peple several thusand kilmetres away-anther imprtant clue t understanding hw humans spread ut acrss the wrld.
12.The underlined wrd"Archaelgists"in Paragraph 2 prbably refers t peple ______ .
A. wh study things left behind by peple in the past
B. wh have rich experience in painting
C. wh are interested in wild animals
D. wh are gd at using stne tls
13.Why d scientists say the art is quite ld？ ______
A. The animals carved in the stne are strange.
B. The art was carved int stne with stne tls.
C. The cave is ne f the farthest pint in the wrld.
D. Sme pictures were cvered by stalagmites mre than 12，800 years ld.
14.By studying the cave art，scientists knw smething abut ______ .
A. why sme f the animals have died ut
B. hw ancient peple crssed the Nrth Sea
C. hw humans spread ut acrss the wrld
D. what kind f animals peple hunted at that time
15.Which f the fllwing wuld be the best title fr the passage？ ______
A. Cave art in Britain
B. Cave art fund in an unusual way
C. Cave art prved t be Britain's ldest
D. Cave art abut animals is mst beautiful
二、阅读七选五：本大题共5小题，共10分。
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Bathed in tw cultures frm childhd，mving arund the wrld and experiencing different cultures have always been my thing.When I was in high schl，I heard abut students in my class wanting t take the SAT and study abrad in the USA.（1） ______ Actually，what I wanted t experience mst was the Eurpean lifestyle and cultural mix.
I used t travel a lt arund Eurpe with my parents as a little kid，nt frgetting that the French language is ne f my mther tngues，and therefre France seems like a tp chice fr me.French universities have a gd reputatin and the French capital is internatinally well knwn fr its cultural histry.Yu can find a lt f student-friendly cities as well.（2） ______ ，and I als gt the chance t btain a schlarship which made it easier fr me t start my studies.（3） ______ .Opprtunities were ffered t develp ur netwrking and explre the business wrld.The university participated as a partner in internatinal netwrking curses leading t a Eurpean master's degree，a duble degree，r training.
（ 4） ______ S，if yu are an internatinal student wh cmes t France fr study，yu can take the chance t explre anther cuntry fr a term and study English.I remember wanting t take this pprtunity in my first year f my cllege life and try the prgram which back then ffered students the chance t g n an exchange with Linnaeus University in Sweden.（5） ______
A.I applied and was lucky t get accepted
B.But I was nt that attracted t studying there
C.My university was in ne f thse cities
D.All these universities have their wn unique advantages
E.The university I chse was small but used t invite business presidents and directrs
F.Because there are many universities with gd reputatin which attracts students
G.All French universities wrk with several cuntries t ffer an exchange prgram
16.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
17.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
18.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
19.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
20.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
三、完形填空：本大题共20小题，共30分。
Budha Magar lst bth f his legs.But he（1） ______ t becme the first duble abve-the-knee amputee （截肢者） t climb Qmlangma.
Thugh he will be（2） ______ with special legs，the 43-year-ld will essentially be crawling up Qmlangma（3） ______ his hands.He estimates it will take him three times（4） ______ than able-bdied climbers t reach the summit，but he is （5） ______ he will be faster than average n the ladder sectins because f his superir upper bdy strength.Indeed，mving up withut knees is（6） ______ hard.
Magar，an infectiusly（7） ______ and cheerful man，describes his walking gesture as "like a penguin" In an interview，he jkes abut the（8） ______ f living withut legs like "n smelly scks".As well as pushing his wn bdy，he wants t change peple's（9） ______ abut disability. "Even nw，disabled peple are viewed as 'the（10） ______ f the earth'，" he says.
In 2010，suddenly legless，he spent at least 18 mnths （11） ______ ，drinking t much，befre a charity ffered him the（12） ______ t g skydiving. "That was a big turning（13） ______ ，especially fr my cnfidence，" he says. "And when I （14） ______ the grund I realized withut legs I can d many things." He realized that it was his mind as much as his bdy hlding him back： "I didn't knw hw（15） ______ the mind is.If we set ur minds，ur bdy will （16） ______ ."
He began（17） ______ prts-rck climbing，glf，table tennis-befre setting his sights n muntaineering.Befre lng，a childhd （18） ______ t climb Qmlangma resurfaced，and he began training in earnest.Success n the wrld's highest muntain can never be （19） ______ fr him，but his expeditin belief illustrates his mindset：n legs，n （20） ______
21.A. refusesB. hpesC. hesitatesD. warns
22.A. equippedB. guidedC. cveredD. filled
23.A. electingB. usingC. bjectingD. seizing
24.A. shrterB. lessC. lngerD. fewer
25.A. cnfidentB. uncmfrtableC. bredD. nervus
26.A. hardlyB. bravelyC. angrilyD. really
27.A. vainB. upsetC. negativeD. ptimistic
28.A. rightsB. waysC. advantagesD. difficulties
29.A. cnductsB. viewsC. annualsD. targets
30.A. burdenB. futureC. securityD. classic
31.A. relaxedB. pleasedC. depressedD. excited
32.A. chanceB. crrectinC. identificatinD. failure
33.A. trapB. pintC. antiqueD. mistake
34.A. tk inB. cut upC. dated backD. landed n
35.A. pwerfulB. dangerusC. cnfusingD. strange
36.A. recverB. failC. disappearD. pause
37.A. inventingB. playingC. frgettingD. stpping
38.A. tyB. fellwC. dreamD. grade
39.A. distinguishedB. guaranteedC. classifiedD. divided
40.A. meansB. flwersC. limitsD. recmmends
四、语法填空：本大题共1小题，共15分。
41.Dngying city in China's Shandng Prvince has witnessed eclgical imprvements in the Yellw River Delta，thanks t varius（1） ______ （effect） measures t imprve wetland restratin and prtectin.
Years ag，the wetlands there（2） ______ （threaten） due t less water frm the river and ther factrs.（3） ______ （prtect） the wetlands ecsystem，the Yellw River Delta Natinal Nature Reserve was established in 1992.Since then，the city（4） ______ （carry） ut several management prjects and restred the bitic （生物） ppulatin in the zne.
Dngying has been adpting a cmprehensive wetlands restratin mdel by giving high pririty t prtecting the nature reserve and letting nature restre（5） ______ （it） .Over the past three years，it's transferred 469 millin cubic meters f water t the nature reserve，which has recvered the eclgical functins f the wetlands there.
Last year，Dngying built a real-time mnitring netwrk fr bird species at the nature reserve，which ensures that birds are free frm disturbance f human activity and（6） ______ （put） the habitats f cranes and ther species under key prtectin.As（7） ______ result，the nature reserve has seen an bvius increase in the variety and number（8） ______ bird species.Hme t 371 bird species，it's becme an imprtant stp，wintering grund and breeding place fr migratry（9） ______ （bird）.Dngying is currently wrking t build the Yellw River Estuary Natinal Park，（10） ______ will cver 3，523 square kilmeters，including land area and sea area，t explre pathways fr the prtectin f Delta eclgy.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、短文改错：本大题共1小题，共10分。
42.假如英语课上老师要求同学们交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处错误。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：
（1）每处错误及修改均仅限一词；
（2）只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Julian Melcer is 80-ld man.He ften ges ut fr walking.Last Friday，when walked in the street，he saw a baby pigen in the middle f the rad.The pigen were trying t fly away frm a cat but she fell t the grund.The pigen was such afraid as the cat went t her.Julian saved frm the pigen and brught her hme.He prvides water and fd fr the pigen.Sn they became gd friends.Julian is happily t g utside with the pigen n her shulder every day.He always says every persn can had an animal as a friend.In his pinin，that matters mst is t respect animals.
六、书面表达：本大题共1小题，共25分。
43.假定你是光明中学李华，你校将举办一场英语话剧大赛，正在招募英语主持人。请你用英语写一封申请信，内容包括：
（1）写信的目的；
（2）个人的优势；
（3）自己的期望。
注意：（1）词数100左右；
（2）可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Sir r Madam，_______
Yurs，
Li Hua
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】B、A、D
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段Sana Ahmed described a cigarette pick-up at Nrth Hlywd Park.The event was rganized by her schls American Cancer Sciety （ACS），which wrks t warn peple f the dangers f smking. （Sana Ahmed描述了在北好莱坞公园捡烟蒂的活动。这次活动是由她所在学校的美国癌症协会（ACS）组织的，该协会致力于警告人们吸烟的危害。）可知，Sana Ahmed这么做是为了警告人们吸烟的危害，建议人们戒烟。A．T help clean Nrth Hllywd Park.帮助清理北好莱坞公园；B．T advise peple t give up smking.建议人们戒烟；C．T intrduce cancer-causing activities.介绍致癌活动；D．T cllect cigarettes with a large cntainer.用大容器收集香烟。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段This wrk has als inspired Wjin t help raise mney fr students in financial need s they can buy necessary supplies and bks. （这项工作也激发了Wjin帮助有经济困难的学生筹集资金，这样他们就可以购买必要的用品和书籍。）可知，Wjin筹集资金是为了帮助有经济困难的学生。故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据末段Rahul's part f the shw is a dance whse theme is related t a particular perid f Indian histry. （Rahul表演的部分是舞蹈，其主题与印度历史的特定时期有关。）可知，Rahul表演的舞蹈给当地人提供了学习历史的机会。故选D。
本文是一篇应用文。介绍了致力于社区服务的青少年们。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
4~7.【答案】C、D、B、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。由本文第一段中的关键句A recent study has shwed that a wearable sft rbt，named Relieb，can imprve the experience f patients in medical treatments，such as injectins （注射） and ther unpleasant treatments.The gal f the rbt is t help ease pain and defend peple against anxiety.（最近的一项研究表明，一种名为Relieb的可穿戴软机器人可以改善患者在医疗过程中的体验，比如注射和其他令人不快的治疗。该机器人的目标是帮助减轻疼痛，防止人们焦虑。）可知机器人的功能是帮助人们减轻注射带来的疼痛。故选C。
（2）段落大意题。由本文第三段的内容The research team checked the effectiveness f the wearable rbt while being handled by participants under certain cnditins，based n the clenching （紧握） f the hand.The team placed painful heat stimulatin n the ther arm that was nt hlding the rbt.They then measured crtisl （皮质醇） levels frm the participants' saliva samples，suggesting levels f stress hrmnes.The pain felt by the patients was given specific ratings and was als recrded using an assessment table.The peple in the study were given a survey test t assess their fear f injectins befre and after the experiment with the wearable rbt was cmpleted.（研究小组根据参与者握紧的手，在特定条件下检查了可穿戴机器人在被处理时的有效性。研究小组在另一只没有拿着机器人的手臂上施加了疼痛的热刺激。然后，他们从参与者的唾液样本中测量皮质醇水平，表明压力激素的水平。对患者的疼痛进行了特定的评分，并使用评估表进行了记录。参与研究的人在可穿戴机器人实验完成之前和之后接受了一项调查测试，以评估他们对注射的恐惧程度。）可知，本段主要讲述了测试机器人有效性的方法。故选D。
（3）词句猜测题。由本文最后一段The study prved that a wearable-infrmed rbt may serve as a prspective tl t ease the experience f patients wh were receiving injectins.The research team hpes t use this study t advance the rbt fr use during painful situatins，such as getting medical shts r similar cnditins.（这项研究证明，一种可穿戴的信息机器人可能会成为一种_______工具，以减轻接受注射的患者的体验。研究小组希望利用这项研究来推进机器人在痛苦的情况下的应用，比如接受医疗注射或类似的情况。）以及上文提到可穿戴的软体机器人可以帮助减轻痛苦和保护人们免受焦虑，故这种可穿戴的信息机器人可能会成为一种有前景的工具，故划线词"prspective" 意思是"有前景的"。A．Useless.无用的；B．Prmising.有前景的；C．Narrw.狭窄的；D．Disgusting.令人厌恶的。故选B。
（4）推理判断题。由本文第一段中的关键句A recent study in Japan has shwed that a wearable sft rbt，named Relieb，can imprve the experience f patients in medical treatments，such as injectins （注射） and ther unpleasant treatments.The gal f the rbt is t help ease pain and defend peple against anxiety.（最近的一项研究表明，一种名为Relieb的可穿戴软机器人可以改善患者在医疗过程中的体验，比如注射和其他令人不快的治疗。该机器人的目标是帮助减轻疼痛，防止人们焦虑。）及全文可知，文章主要介绍了一种可以帮助人们缓解注射痛苦的可穿戴软体机器人，属于最新研究结果报告。由此推知，本文最有可能出现在新闻报道上。故选A。
这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了日本的一项最新研究：可穿戴的软体机器人可以帮助减轻痛苦和保护人们免受焦虑。
阅读理解解题步骤：首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意，因为阅读理解题一般没有标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料；其次细读题材，各个击破，掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息，要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强的针对性，对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，才能做到稳、准。
8~11.【答案】B、D、A、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。由本文第二段中的关键句Hwever，in the 17th century，cmedians were frced t sciety's edge as their tendency t truth-telling was n lnger tlerated amng high sciety and wmen，bearing the weight f gender prejudice，were seldm amng this career.（然而，在17世纪，喜剧演员被迫站在社会的边缘，因为他们讲真话的倾向在上流社会中不再被容忍，而女性在性别偏见的重压下，很少出现在这个职业中。）可知在17世纪很少有女性担任喜剧演员。故选B。
（2）观点态度题。根据第五段中的关键句All my peple laughed at me when I tld them that I was ging n stage as a clwn.（当我告诉他们我是作为一个小丑上台的时候，所有的人都嘲笑我。）可知，起初人们认为Williams扮演小丑是不可接受的。A.Supprtive支持的；B.Appreciative欣赏的，感激的；C.Impatient没耐心的；D.Unacceptable不可接受的。故选D。
（3）细节理解题。根据最后一段的中的关键句Fratellini Auguste was recgnizable as the clwn familiar tday.（Fratellini Auguste被认为是今天熟悉的小丑。）可知，Annie Fratellini创造了今天人们熟悉的小丑角色。故选A。
（4）主旨大意题。根据本文的时间，可知本文主要从中世纪到17世纪，再到19世纪中期，最后到20世纪介绍了女性从事滑稽戏的发展历史。C项"女性小丑的历史"最能概括文章主旨。故选C。
本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了从中世纪到17世纪，再到19世纪中期，最后到20世纪70年代介绍了女性从事滑稽戏的发展历史。
阅读理解解题步骤：首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意，因为阅读理解题一般没有标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料；其次细读题材，各个击破，掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息，要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强的针对性，对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，才能做到稳、准。
12~15.【答案】A、D、C、C
【解析】（1）---（4）ADCC
（1）．A．词义猜测题．根据第二段的第一句内容Archaelgists ften date cave art with a prcess called radicarbn dating（放射性碳年代测定（法））．The technique can measure the age f carbn fund in charcal（木炭）drawings r painted pictures可以看出，archaelgists 经常利用放射性碳年代测定（法）为洞穴艺术判定时间，这项技术可以测定在木炭画发现的碳的时代，判断出划线词意为"考古学家"．故选A．
（2）．D．细节理解题．根据倒数第三段When a test prved that the stalagmites frmed 12，800 years ag，the scientists knew the art underneath them had t be at least that ld可知，有些画被12800年的石笋所覆盖，故选D．
（3）．C．细节理解题．根据最后一段最后一句"anther imprtant evidence f understanding hw humans spread ut acrss the wrld．" 可知，这些画有助于理解人类是怎样走遍全世界的．故选C．
（4）．C．标题归纳题．本文主要介绍Creswell Grags 的洞窟艺术为什么是英国最古老的艺术，后半部分给出了证据．故选C．
本文是一篇说明文．带领我们探寻英国古老的洞窟美术的历史．
英语阅读理解的步骤：
第一遍：阅读的第一遍是非常重要的．这一遍讲究的是速度与技巧．先用最快的时间将题迅速扫一遍，了解你需要回答什么，做到一会儿阅读时心中有数．这个时候你就可以胸有成竹地进行第一遍阅读．在第一遍阅读时不要求精，只要求速度．同时在这一遍中，关于文章的主旨等宏观方面的问题就可以解决了．
第二遍：这一遍是文章的精读过程，一般采用随看随做的方法，也就是说，每当你阅读完一段内容，就可以到下面去看看有没有与之相关的问题，同时趁着对该段文章的熟悉去做题．如此下去，在你精读完之后，题也就做完了．
第三遍：这一遍一般放在最后的检查时阅读，一般以你的时间是否充足来决定．检查一般要注意文章的细节，不要因为疏忽出错．
16~20.【答案】B、C、E、G、A
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据上文When I was in high schl，I heard abut students in my class wanting t take the SAT and study abrad in the USA.（当我还在上高中的时候，我听说我们班上的学生想参加SAT考试，然后去美国留学。）以及后文Actually，what I wanted t experience mst was the Eurpean lifestyle and cultural mix.（实际上，我最想体验的是欧洲的生活方式和文化交融。）可以判断作者最想体验的是欧洲的生活方式和文化的融合，与空前学生们想去美国学习形成对比，是转折关系。B项"But I was nt that attracted t studying there但是我对在那里学习不那么感兴趣。"符合语境。故选B。
（2）推理判断题。根据上文French universities have a gd reputatin and the French capital is internatinally well knwn fr its cultural histry.Yu can find a lt f student-friendly cities as well.（法国大学享有良好的声誉，法国首都以其文化历史闻名于世。你也可以找到许多对学生友好的城市。）以及后文and I als gt the chance t btain a schlarship which made it easier fr me t start my studies.（而且我还得到了一个获得奖学金的机会，这使我更容易开始我的学业。）可知，C项"My university was in ne f thse cities你也可以找到很多对学生友好的城市。"符合语境。故选C。
（3）细节理解题。根据下文Opprtunities were ffered t develp ur netwrking and explre the business wrld.（公司为我们提供了拓展人脉和探索商业世界的机会。）可知，我们有机会发展我们的人际关系网，并探索商界。指出我选的那所大学虽小但过去经常邀请商界人物，前后两句构成一种潜在的因果关系，衔接紧密。E项"The university I chse was small but used t invite business presidents and directrs我选择的大学很小，但经常邀请企业总裁和董事。"符合语境。故选E。
（4）推理判断题。根据下文S，if yu are an internatinal student wh cmes t France fr study，yu can take the chance t explre anther cuntry fr a term and study English.（所以，如果你是一个来法国学习的国际学生，你可以抓住机会去探索另一个国家一个学期，学习英语。）以S开头，与前句构成因果关系，根据其内容（因此，如果你是来法国学习的留学生，你可以利用这个机会去另一个国家探索一个学期并学习英语。）可知，提供交换项目中的wrk with several cuntries t ffer an exchange prgram与之吻合。G项"All French universities wrk with several cuntries t ffer an exchange prgram所有法国大学都与几个国家合作，"符合语境。故选G。
（5）细节理解题。根据上文I remember wanting t take this pprtunity in my first year f my cllege life and try the prgram which back then ffered students the chance t g n an exchange with Linnaeus University in Sweden.（我记得在我大学生活的第一年，我就想抓住这个机会，尝试一下这个项目，当时学生有机会去瑞典林奈大学交换。）句中的I I remember wanting t take this pprtunity in my first year f my cllege life可知，作者记得自己想利用这个机会，因而会去申请，A项"I applied and was lucky t get accepted我申请了，并且很幸运地被接受了。"符合语境。故选A。
这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了作者选择去法国留学的原因及在法国的留学感受。
七选五阅读是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。
21~40.【答案】B、A、B、C、A、D、D、C、B、A、C、A、B、D、A、A、B、C、B、C
【解析】（1）考查动词及语境理解。A.refuses拒绝；B.hpes希望；C.hesitates犹豫；D.warns警告。句意：但他希望成为第一个登上珠穆朗玛峰的双膝以上截肢者。根据最后一段"Befre lng，a childhd（18）t climb Qmlangma resurfaced，and he began training in earnest."可知，他儿时就梦想登上世界最高峰，由此可知，空处指的是他希望成为第一个登上珠穆朗玛峰的双膝以上截肢者。故选B。
（2）考查动词及语境理解。A.equipped装备；B.guided指导；C.cvered覆盖；D.filled填充。句意：虽然他将装备特殊的腿，但43岁的他基本上是用手爬上珠穆朗玛峰的。根据上文"Budha Magar lst bth f his legs."可知，他没有腿，所以应该是装备特殊的腿。故选A。
（3）考查动词及语境理解。A.electing选举；B.using使用；C.bjecting反对；D.seizing抓住。句意：虽然他将装备特殊的腿，但43岁的他基本上是用手爬上珠穆朗玛峰的。根据上文"Budha Magar lst bth f his legs."可知，他没有腿，根据常识可知，他想登上世界最高峰只有使用手。故选B。
（4）考查形容词及语境理解。A.shrter更短的；B.less更少的；C.lnger更长的；D.fewer更少的。句意：他估计自己要比身体健全的登山者多花三倍的时间才能登顶，但他相信自己在爬梯子的时候会比一般人快，因为他上半身的力量更强。根据上文"Budha Magar lst bth f his legs."可知，他并没有腿，由此可推测，他登山要比身体健全的登山者花费更长的时间。故选C。
（5）考查形容词及语境理解。A.cnfident有信心的；B.uncmfrtable不舒服的；C.bred无聊的；D.nervus紧张的。句意：他估计自己要比身体健全的登山者多花三倍的时间才能登顶，但他相信自己在爬梯子的时候会比一般人快，因为他上半身的力量更强。根据下文"because f his superir upper bdy strength"可知，他的上半身力量更强，所以他对自己爬梯子很有信心。故选A。
（6）考查副词及语境理解。A.hardly几乎不；B.bravely勇敢地；C.angrily生气地；D.really真地。句意：事实上，没有膝盖向上移动真的很难。根据常识可知，爬山没有膝盖向上移动会很难。故选D。
（7）考查形容词及语境理解。A.vain徒劳的；B.upset沮丧的；C.negative消极的；D.ptimistic积极的。句意：Magar是一个非常乐观和快乐的人，他形容自己走路的姿势"像企鹅"。根据下文的"cheerful"以及下文的"describes his walking gesture as "like a penguin""可知，Magar是个积极乐观的人。故选D。
（8）考查名词及语境理解。A.rights权利；B.ways方法；C.advantages优点；D.difficulties困难。句意：在一次采访中，他开玩笑说没有腿的生活的好处，比如"没有臭袜子"。根据上文"Magar，an infectiusly（7）and cheerful man，describes his walking gesture as "like a penguin""可知他很乐观向上；而根据"living withut legs like "n smelly scks""可知，这是在开玩笑说没有腿的好处。故选C。
（9）考查名词及语境理解。A.cnducts行为；B.views观点，看法；C.annuals年刊；D.targets靶子。句意：除了推动自己的身体，他还想改变人们对残疾的看法。"根据下文""Even nw，disabled peple are viewed as 'the（10）f the earth'，" he says."可知，下文是人们的观点，所以他想改变的是人们对残疾的看法。故选B。
（10）考查名词及语境理解。A.burden负担；B.future未来；C.security安全；D.classic杰作。句意："即使是现在，残疾人仍被视为'地球的负担'，"他说。根据上文"As well as pushing his wn bdy，he wants t change peple's（9）abut disability."可知，他想改变人们对于残疾的看法，由此可知，人们认为残疾人是负担。故选A。
（11）考查形容词及语境理解。A.relaxed放松的；B.pleased满意的；C.depressed沮丧的，情绪低落的；D.excited兴奋的。句意：2010年，他突然失去了双腿，至少有18个月的时间情绪低落，酗酒，直到一家慈善机构给了他去跳伞的机会。根据下文"drinking t much"可知，他酗酒，由此可知，他当时情绪很低落。故选C。
（12）考查名词及语境理解。A.chance机会；B.crrectin纠正；C.identificatin确认，识别；D.failure失败。句意：2010年，他突然失去了双腿，至少有18个月的时间情绪低落，酗酒，直到一家慈善机构给了他去跳伞的机会。根据下文"t g skydiving."可知，这家机构是给他提供了跳伞的机会。故选A。
（13）考查名词及语境理解。A.trap陷阱；B.pint观点，点；C.antique古董；D.mistake错误。句意："那是一个重大的转折点，尤其是对我的信心而言，"他说。根据下文"He realized that it was his mind as much as his bdy hlding him back： "I didn't knw hw（15）the mind is.If we set ur minds，ur bdy will（16）.""可知，他的想法有了变化，由此可知，跳伞对他而言是一个转折点。考查固定短语：a turning pint，意为"转折点"。故选B。
（14）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.tk in吸收，理解；B.cut up切碎；C.dated back可追溯到；D.landed n降落于……。句意：当我降落在地面上时，我意识到没有腿我可以做很多事情。根据上文a charity ffered him the（12）t g skydiving可知，他去跳伞了。由此推断，当他降落在地上的时候，他的想法有了改变。故选D。
（15）考查形容词及语境理解。A.pwerful强有力的；B.dangerus危险的；C.cnfusing令人困惑的；D.strange奇怪的。句意：他意识到是他的思想和他的身体阻碍了他："我不知道思想有多么强大。如果我们下定决心，我们的身体就会康复。"根据上文"He realized that it was his mind as much as his bdy hlding him back"可知，Budha Magar认为是思想和身体阻碍了自己，所以他认为思想其实是很强大的。故选A。
（16）考查动词及语境理解。A.recver恢复；B.fail失败；C.disappear消失；D.pause停止。句意：他意识到是他的思想和他的身体阻碍了他："我不知道思想有多么强大。如果我们下定决心，我们的身体就会康复。"根据上文"I didn't knw hw（15）the mind is. "可知，Budha Magar知道思想非常强大，因此可推测，他认为只要我们下定决心，我们就会康复。故选A。
（17）考查动词及语境理解。A.inventing发明；B.playing玩耍；C.frgetting忘记；D.stpping停止。句意：在把目光投向登山运动之前，他开始玩一些运动——攀岩、高尔夫球、乒乓球。根据宾语"prts-rck climbing，glf，table tennis"以及"befre setting his sights n muntaineering"可知，在他把目光投向登山运动之前，他开始玩这些运动。故选B。
（18）考查名词及语境理解。A.ty玩具；B.fellw同伴；C.dream梦想；D.grade分数。句意：不久，儿时攀登珠穆朗玛峰的梦想重新浮现，他开始认真训练。根据下文的"resurfaced"可知，这是Budha Magar儿时的梦想。故选C。
（19）考查形容词及语境理解。A.distinguished卓越的；B.guaranteed得到保证的；C.classified分类的；D.divided意见分歧的。句意：对他来说，在世界最高峰上的成功永远无法保证，但他的探险信念说明了他的心态：没有腿，就没有极限。根据上文"Budha Magar lst bth f his legs."可知，他没有双腿，所以对他而言，是否能登上世界最高峰并不能得到保证。故选B。
（20）考查名词及语境理解。A.means方法；B.flwers花；C.limits限制；D.recmmends推荐。句意：对他来说，在世界最高峰上的成功永远无法保证，但他的探险信念说明了他的心态：没有腿，就没有极限。根据上文"He realized that it was his mind as much as his bdy hlding him back： "I didn't knw hw（15）the mind is.If we set ur minds，ur bdy will（16）.""可知，他意识到是自己的思想和身体阻碍了他，而自己登上世界最高峰也说明了没有腿，没有极限。故选C。
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Budha Magar的故事，Budha Magar失去了双腿，但是却凭借巨大的毅力登上了世界最高峰。
完形填空题的解题步骤：
1.通读全文，理解大意。重视首句信息，跳过空格，浏览全文，从整体上感知全文，理解文章大意，这是解题的基础。
2.瞻前顾后，避难就易。在理解文章大意的情况下，结合各选项的意义和用法，遵循先易后难的原则，先解决那些自己有把握的问题。对少数难题，暂时跳过，或许在上文中难以判断的题在下文中就有暗示或者明显的提示，或许一个在前面不能解答的题在填出了另一空后会令你豁然开朗。
3.复读全文，解决残敌。借助已经补全的空格，对全文有了更清楚的理解，可以集中解决所遗留的少数疑难问题。
4.再次复读，弥补疏漏，全部做好后，务必要结合自己选择的答案重新阅读短文内容，确保全文文意连贯。
41.【答案】【小题1】effective
【小题2】were threatened
【小题3】T prtect
【小题4】has carried
【小题5】itself
【小题6】puts
【小题7】a
【小题8】f
【小题9】birds
【小题10】which
【解析】（1）考查形容词。句意：由于采取了各种有效措施，加强了湿地的恢复和保护，中国山东省东营市见证了黄河三角洲的生态改善。根据thanks t可知，此处是指由于采取了各种有效措施，所以应用形容词effective表示"有效的"作定语。故填effective。
（2）考查动词时态语态。句意：几年前，那里的湿地受到了威胁，原因是来自河流的水量减少和其他因素。根据"Years ag"可知，此处应用一般过去时。动词threaten意为"威胁"，和主语wetlands构成被动关系。故填were threatened。
（3）考查动词不定式。句意：为保护湿地生态系统，1992年建立黄河三角洲国家级自然保护区。根据"the Yellw River Delta Natinal Nature Reserve was established in 1992"可知，此处是指为了保护湿地生态系统，所以应用t d不定式作目的状语。句首首字母应大写。故填T prtect。
（4）考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：从那时起，该市实施了几个管理项目，恢复了该地区的生物种群。根据since then可知，此处应用现在完成时。主语city为第三人称单数。故填has carried。
（5）考查反身代词。句意：东营一直采取以保护自然保护区为重点，让自然自我恢复的湿地综合恢复模式。此处宾语和逻辑主语nature指代相同，所以应用反身代词作宾语。故填itself。
（6）考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：去年，东营在自然保护区建立了鸟类实时监测网络，确保鸟类不受人类活动的干扰，并将鹤等物种的栖息地置于重点保护之下。根据"which ensures"可知，此处应用一般现在时，且主语为第三人称单数。故填puts。
（7）考查冠词。句意：因此，自然保护区的鸟类种类和数量明显增加。as a result意为"结果，因此"，为固定搭配，所以此处应用不定冠词a。故填a。
（8）考查介词。句意：因此，自然保护区的鸟类种类和数量明显增加。根据"the variety and number"和"bird species"可知，前后构成所属关系，所以应用介词f。故填f。
（9）考查可数名词的复数。句意：这里栖息着371种鸟类，是候鸟重要的停靠站、越冬地和繁殖地。bird意为"鸟"，为可数名词，此处应用复数形式表示泛指。故填birds。
（10）考查非限制性定语从句。句意：东营目前正在建设黄河口国家公园，占地3523平方公里，包括陆地面积和海洋面积，以探索三角洲生态保护的途径。在非限制性定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词为the Yellw River Estuary Natinal Park，所以应用关系代词which。故填which。
这是一篇说明文。由于采取了各种有效措施，加强了湿地的恢复和保护，中国山东省东营市见证了黄河三角洲的生态改善，文章对此进行了详细介绍。
做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。
42.【答案】Julian Melcer is∧ 80-ld man.He ften ges ut fr walking.Last Friday，when walked in the street，he saw a baby pigen in the middle f the rad.The pigen were trying t fly away frm a cat but she fell t the grund.The pigen was such afraid as the cat went t her.Julian saved frm the pigen and brught her hme.He prvides water and fd fr the pigen.Sn they became gd friends.Julian is happily t g utside with the pigen n her shulder every day.He always says every persn can had an animal as a friend.In his pinin， that matters mst is t respect animals.
详解：
（1）考查不定冠词。句意：朱利安•梅尔瑟（Julian Melcer）是一位80岁的老人。修饰名词80-ld man（eighty以元音音素开头），表示"一位"，用不定冠词an，故80-ld man前加an。
（2）考查省略。句意：上周五，当他在街上散步时，他看到一只乳鸽在路中央。根据句子结构，可知when后省略了主语he和be动词，而且he和walk构成主动关系，所以用现在分词walking，故walked改为walking。
（3）考查主谓一致。句意：这只乳鸽试图逃离一只猫的抓捕，但它掉到了地上。前后时态一致，用一般过去时；和主语The pigen一致，be动词用was，故were改为was。
（4）考查副词辨析。句意：当猫走到了她身边时，这只鸽子非常害怕。such修饰名词，s修饰形容词和副词，这里修饰形容词afraid，所以用s修饰，故such改为s。
（5）考查介词。句意：朱利安救了这只鸽子，把她带回家。save是及物动词，所以直接修饰宾语the pigen，故去掉frm。
（6）考查时态。句意：他为这只鸽子提供水和食物。前后时态一致，用一般过去时，所以谓语动词prvide用过去式，故prvides改为prvided。
（7）考查形容词。句意：朱利安每天都很乐意在肩膀上带着着鸽子出门。作Julian is表语，用形容词，故happily改为happy。
（8）考查代词一致。句意：朱利安每天都很乐意在肩膀上带着着鸽子出门。根据前后文可知朱利安是男性，所以用his shulder，故her改为his。
（9）考查情态动词后用动词原形。句意：朱利安他总是说每个人都可以把动物当作朋友。根据句意可知情态动词can后用动词原形，故had改为have。
（10）考查主语从句。句意：在他看来，最重要的是尊重动物。引到主语从句matters mst，作从句的主语，引导词用what，故that改为what。
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。作者叙述了一位80岁的老人救助一只小鸽子的故事。
短文改错时要注意以下几点：1.快速阅读，整体把握短文大意；2.重视语境以及上下文的关系；3.充分运用基础语言知识找出错误所在。
43.【答案】Dear Sir r Madam，
I'm Li Hua，a student studying in Guangming Middle Schl.Having read yur infrmatin in the schl newspaper，I am writing t apply fr the pst as a hst in ur English drama cntest.【高分句型一】（写信的目的）
In an effrt t develp my speaking ability in public，I want t seize this chance t imprve myself.T begin with，I have a gd cmmand f English.Having taken part in many English cntests，I have imprved my ability.I wuld like t put what I have learnt int practice.What's mre，I am easy-ging and gd at cmmunicating with thers in English，which is essential t take up this psitin.【高分句型二】Last but nt least，I have interest in English and I attach much imprtance t cperatin，even under pressure.S I firmly believe that I am fit fr the pst.（个人的优势）
I wuld appreciate it if yu culd give me a reply at yur earliest cnvenience.Lking frward t yur reply.（自己的期望）
Yurs， Li Hua
【解析】高分句型一 Having read yur infrmatin in the schl newspaper，I am writing t apply fr the pst as a hst in ur English drama cntest.
翻译：在校报上读到你的消息后，我写信申请担任我们英语戏剧比赛的主持人。
分析：句中使用了现在分词短语的完成式Having read yur infrmatin in the schl newspaper作状语。
高分句型二 What's mre，I am easy-ging and gd at cmmunicating with thers in English，which is essential t take up this psitin.
翻译：更重要的是，我随和，善于用英语与他人交流，这对担任这个职位至关重要。
分析：句中使用了which引导的非限定性定语从句。
提纲作文在写作时要注意内容是否包含了所有要点。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次，平时需注意积累短语和重要句型。