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第08讲 宾语从句（讲义）-备战2024中考英语一轮复习精品课件+讲义+练习（全国通用）
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►第08讲 宾语从句 （讲义）【复习目标】 1.掌握宾语从句的概说和分类2.弄清宾语从句的引导词3.掌握宾语从句的时态问题4.掌握宾语从句的语序5.会运用宾语从句的否定转移和特殊用法【考情分析】 课标要求：近几年全国各地中考对宾语从句的考查是中考必考考点之一，主要考查的是时态及宾语从句的语序，有时也会考查宾语从句的引导词。考查的主要形式是单项填空、完形填空、短文填空和完成句子。阅读理解和书面表达肯定也会考查到宾语从句。因此学生要熟练掌握宾语从句的用法。考查题型：对宾语从句的考查主要分布在改错、句子运用、完形填空、词语运用题。考查重点：1. 引导宾语从句的连词和代词选择；2. 宾语从句的语序；3. 宾语从句的时态。宾语从句解题技巧如下:1.牢记宾语从句考点的记忆口诀:宾语从句需注意,几点事项应牢记。一是关键引导词,不同句子词相异。陈述句子用that;一般疑问是否(if,whether)替;特殊问句更好办,引导还用疑问词。 二是时态常变化,主句不同从句异。主句若为现在时,从句时态应看意;主句若为过去时,从句时态应变相应过;从句若为真理时,永用一般现在时。三是语序要记清,从句永保陈述序。2.用好排除法从时态、语序、引导词三个方面综合考虑,逐个排查选项。宾语从句题型命题规律宾语从句是中考必考考点之一，主要考查的是时态及宾语从句的语序，有时也会考查宾语从句的引导词。考查的主要形式是单项填空、完形填空、短文填空和完成句子。阅读理解和书面表达肯定也会考查到宾语从句。因此学生要熟练掌握宾语从句的用法。 【网络构建】 考向一宾语从句的概说和分类概说：1.定义：在复合句中作宾语的从句是宾语从句。 I think everybody likes cookies.2. 分类：动词宾语从句 I think everybody likes cookies. 介词宾语从句 I agree with what you said just now. 形容词宾语从句 I’m afraid I can’t afford it. (sure, glad, sorry, happy, afraid)3.结构：主句+引导词+从句(陈述句语序：主+谓+其他)分类：根据引导宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可分为三类：1. 由that引导的宾语从句。that只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。He said (that) he wanted to stay at home.She doesn’t know (that) she is seriously ill.I am sure (that) he will succeed.2. 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for?He asked whose handwriting was the best.Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is?I don’t know why the train is late.3. 由if或whether引导的宾语从句。if和whether在句中的意思是＂是否＂。I want to know if (whether) he lives there.He asked me whether (if) I could help him.考向二 宾语从句的引导词that引导陈述句作宾语从句，口语中常省略。 Tell him (that) I have read the story. She told me (that) she would like to go with us.连词if/whether引导一般疑问句作宾语从句，表“是否”，从句陈述语序（主语在谓语之前），且口语中多用if。 Do you know if he will go to school tomorrow? I wonder if /whether you have told the news to Li Lei .注意：以下情况的宾语从句中，只能用whether，不能用if： 引导词与动词不定式或or not连用时 I’m not sure whether to go or to stay. He asked me whether or not I was thirsty. 当从句做介词的宾语时 We are talking about whether we'll go on the picnic. The picnic will depend on whether the weather will be fine.特殊疑问词引导特殊疑问句作宾语从句，从句同样是陈述语序。 He didn’t know when he would leave for shanghai. Could you tell me what is wrong with you? that引导的宾语从句that 是宾语从句的一个引导词，放在主句和从句之间。它引导的宾语从句由陈述句转化而来，故从句的语序不变。在that 引导的宾语从句中，that 作连接代词，无意义，在句中不作任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中通常可以省略。一、that 引导的宾语从句的用法1. 位置：that 引导的宾语从句通常放在主句谓语动词（及物动词）、介词或形容词之后。 = 1 \* GB3 ①作及物动词，如：say，think，tell，know，hear，see，hope，wish，remember，forget等的宾语。如： She says that she will help me learn English this evening.她说今天晚上她会帮我学英语。 = 2 \* GB3 ②作介词的宾语：连词that引导的名词性从句很少作介词的宾语，只用在except，but，in之后。如：He is a good boy except that he is careless. 他是一个好男孩，只是有点儿粗心。 = 3 \* GB3 ③作＂be + 形容词＂结构的宾语。某些形容词或过去分词后常接宾语从句，如：sure，glad，certain，pleased，sorry，happy，afraid等，连词that可省略。如：I’m happy (that) I passed the exam. 我很高兴我通过了考试。2. 时态：主句的谓语动词是一般现在时，从句的谓语动词可根据具体情况选用适当的时态；主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，从句中也必须用过去的某种时态。试比较： He says that he wants to see him as soon as possible. 他说他想尽快见到他。 He said that he wanted to see him as soon as possible. 他说他想尽快见到他。 【特别提醒】 当主句是一般过去时，而宾语从句的内容表示的是客观真理、事实、科学原理、自然现象、名言警句、格言、谚语等时，此时宾语从句用一般现在时，这些情况下不受主句时态的限制。如：The teacher told us that the earth goes round the sun. 老师告诉我们地球围绕着太阳转。 3. 引导词that可以省略的几种情况：引导宾语从句的连词that通常可以省略：She said (that) she would come to the meeting. 她说过要来开会的。I promise you (that) I will be there. 我答应你我会去的。I hoped (that) I would / should succeed. 我曾希望我会成功。He thinks (that) they will give him a visa. 他想他们会给他签证。He thought (that) they would give him a visa. 他本想他们会给他签证。I expect (that) the plane will be diverted. 我料想飞机会改变航线。【注意】有时为了强调，that引导的宾语从句可位于句首，此时that不可省略：That she is a good girl I know. 她是一个好姑娘，我是知道的。4. 引导词that不能省略的几种情况：that在引导宾语从句时，并不是在任何情况下都可以省略，在以下几种情况下，that不能省略。 = 1 \* GB3 ①从句的主语是that时，that不能省略；We know that is an interesting film. 我们知道那是一部有趣的电影。 = 2 \* GB3 ②and连接的两个表示陈述意义的宾语从句并列时，有时省去第一个从句的连词that，但第二个从句的连词that一般不可以省略。如：He told me (that) they could not decide what to do and that they asked my advice. 他告诉我他们决定不了去做什么并且问了我的意见。 = 3 \* GB3 ③that引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时，that不能省略。如：I know nothing about him except that he is from the south. 对他我一无所知，只知道他是南方人。5. 如果宾语从句后还有宾语补足语，则用it作形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置。如：We thought it strange that Xiao Zhang did not come yesterday. 小张昨天没来，我们觉得很奇怪。6. 宾语从句的否定转移。在think，believe，suppose，expect等动词后的宾语从句，当主句的主语是第一人称时，谓语尽管是否定的意思，却不用否定形式，而将think等动词变为否定形式，英语称这种现象为否定转移。如： = 1 \* GB3 ①我认为今晚他不能来。【误】I think he can’t come this evening.【正】I don’t think he can come this evening. = 2 \* GB3 ②他认为我们现在不在教室里。【误】He doesn’t think we are in the classroom now.【正】He thinks we are not in the classroom now.【特别警示】含有＂否定转移＂现象的句子，主句的主语必须是第一人称，此时，变成反意疑问句，附加问句要由从句来决定；如果主句的主语是其他人称，附加问句要由主句来决定。如：I don’t think he is right, is he? 我认为他不对，是吗？He thinks I can come, doesn’t he? 他认为我能来，是不是？7. 如果宾语从句中含有否定意义的副词或形容词。如：hardly，never，seldom，no，few，little等，其反意疑问句要用肯定形式。如：We find that he seldom goes to visit his mother, does he? 我们发现他不常看望他的妈妈，是吗？8. that引导的宾语从句变成被动语态时，只变主句，不变从句。实际上，我们经常把It is said that ...（据说……）；It is known that ...（众所周知……）；It is reported that ...（据报告……）等当作固定句式来运用。如：It is said that he is from Canada. 据说他来自加拿大。疑问词引导的宾语从句特殊疑问句作宾语从句时，由疑问词 when, who, what, where, whatever, how，which, why等引导。宾语从句的词序一律用陈述句的词序，即＂主语+谓语＂词序。①带有系动词be（is，am，are，was,were)的特殊疑问句。宾语从句＂how old Liz is＂是主句动词know的宾语。how在从句中作副词。注意从句的顺序，主语在动词前（Liz is)。②带有（情态）助动词is/am/are/have/has/can/should等的特殊疑问句When is Ann going to lran? 安什么时候去伊朗？→ Do you know when Ann is going to lran? 你知道安什么时候去伊朗吗？→ I don’t know when Ann is going to lran. 我不知道安什么时候去伊朗。What should I do? 我该怎么办？→ Can you tell me what I should do? 你能告诉我，我该怎么办吗？→ Please tell me what I should do. 请告诉我，我该怎么办。Where has Ron gone? 朗去了哪里？→ Do you know where Ron has gone? 你知道朗去了哪里吗？→ I don’t know where Ron has gone. 我不知道朗去了哪里。③带有助动词do/does/did的特殊疑问句。Where did I put my wedding ring? 我把我的结婚戒指放在哪里了？→ Do you know where I put my wedding ring? 你知道我把我的结婚戒指放在哪里了吗？→ I don’t remember where I put my wedding ring. 我不记得我把我的结婚戒指放在哪里了。What does Sue think about Lulu? 苏对露露的看法是什么？→ Do you know what Sue thinks about Lulu? 你知道苏对露露的看法是什么吗？→ I know what Sue thinks about Lulu. 我知道苏对露露的看法是什么。注意：（1）由于宾语从句要求陈述句语序，故而在从句中它变成了陈述语序。请看下列两组句子：How much does this coat cost? → I want to know how much this coat costs. Where did you go yesterday? → Please tell me where you went yesterday. （2）当疑问代词what、who在特殊疑问句中作主语时，该特殊疑问句本身就是陈述句语序，所以当该句用来作宾语时，语序不需要调整。 What’s wrong with you? 怎么了？ → He asked the girl what was wrong with her.What’s the matter? 怎么了？→ He asked the girl what was the matter. What has happened to him?→ We want to know what has happened to him. if/whether引导的宾语从句当从句部分是一般疑问句或选择疑问句时，常用if或whether引导宾语从句，if/whether意为＂是否＂。说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚。常用在see，ask，say，learn，tell，wonder，doubt，find out，be uncertain /doubtful / be not known 等后，二者通常可以互换。口语中多用if代替whether。在非正式的写作中，可以使用if 或 whether 两个词来表达不定性，两者都算标准。I wonder if/whether he is a driver. 我想知道他是不是个司机。Alice wants to know if/whether she has passed the exam. 爱丽丝想知道她是否考试及格了。Lily asked if/whether she liked it. 莉莉问她是否喜欢它。 I want to know if (whether) he lives there. 我想知道他是否住在这儿。 He asked me whether (if) I could help him. 他问我是否可以帮助他。【拓展】一般情况下，if和whether可互换，在口语中多用if， 而在以下几种情况下，只能用whether。1. 与 or 连用分别引导两个从句时，或强调两方面的选择, 特别是句中有or not时用whether，不用if。I don’t know whether or not they will come. 我不知道他们是否会来。I don’t know whether he is wrong or she is wrong. Let me know whether you can come or not.I don’t know whether he will win or not. I will write to you whether or not I can come / whether I can come or not.2. 在动词不定式之前只能用whether。He doesn’t know whether to go or not. 他不知道是否会去。Please tell us whether to go there or stay here. 请告诉我们是去那里还是待在这里。 Whether to go or stay is still a question. I’m not sure whether to stay or leave. I didn’t know whether to laugh or to cry.3. 在介词之后只能用whether引导宾语从句，而If则不能。It depends on whether I have enough time. 那取决于我是否有足够的时间。Success depends on whether we make enough effort. I haven’t settled the question of whether I’ll go back home. It depends on whether the letter arrives in time.I worry about whether I hurt her feelings.4. 宾语从句置于句首表示强调时，用whether，不用if。Whether this is true, I can’t say. Whether he is single, I don’t know.Whether this is true, I can’t say. Whether he is single, I don’t know.5. 在某些动词（如discuss，decide）之后，只能用whether，而不用if引导宾语从句。We discussed whether we should close the shop. （虚拟语气） We discussed whether we should go there by plane.（虚拟语气） We discussed whether we should hold a meeting. （虚拟语气） 6. 在引导否定概念宾语从句时，只能用if，而不用whether。He asked me if I hadn’t finished my work. 注意：doubt否定句用that引导。因为don’t doubt 意为相信，不怀疑，if是否表示疑虑。考向三 宾语从句的时态如果主句是现在的某种时态（包括一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时），那么宾语从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。I remember he gave me a book yesterday. He has told me that he’ll leave for New York tomorrow. I don’t think (that) you are right.Please tell us where he is.Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station?如果主句是过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时、过去进行时），那么宾语从句一定要用过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时）。He told me that he would take part in the high jump. He asked what time it was.He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet.He asked if you had written to Peter.He said that he would go back to the US soon.3. 如果宾语从句表示的是客观事实或真理，即使主句是过去时，从句也用一般现在时态。Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year.Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun.He told me that the earth is round. 考向四 宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序，即按照主语、谓语的顺序。1. 陈述句变为宾语从句，语序不变，即仍用陈述语序。He is an honest boy. The teacher said. → The teacher said(that) he was an honest boy.2. 一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句，语序变为陈述语序。Does he work hard? I wonder. → I wonder if/whether he works hard.考向五 宾语从句的否定转移和特殊用法1.宾语从句的否定前置think , believe , suppose, consider, imagine等动词后的宾语从句如果是否定句，一般要将否定词not转移至主句谓语上，而将从句谓语改为肯定形式。否定前置的前提是：主句主语是第一人称，时态为一般现在时。I think. + He has no time to play with the girl. → I don’t think he has time to play with the girl. She thinks. + She can’t arrive here on time. → She thinks she can’t arrive here on time. 2.宾语从句变反意疑问句在由宾语从句作为陈述部分的反意疑问句中，“动词/主语看从句，肯定否定看主句”。此类宾语从句常用动词有think, believe, suppose, consider等。I thought it was late, wasn’t it?I don't think he will come, will he？3.宾语从句的转化 （1）当主句谓语动词是hope, wish, decide, forget, plan, agree等，且主句与从句主语相同时，从句可简化为不定式结构（动词+to do）。She agreed that she could help me with my maths. → She agreed to help me with my maths. （2）当主句谓语动词是know, learn, forget, remember, decide等后面带特殊疑问句转化的宾语，且主句与从句主语相同时，从句可以简化成“疑问词+不定式结构”。I don't know which sweater I should buy. → I don't know which sweater to buy. （3）当主句谓语动词是ask, tell, show, teach，宾语从句由代词/副词引导，从句主语与主句主语或间接宾语一致时，从句可简化为“连接代词/副词+不定式”结构。Could you tell me how I can get to the park? → Could you tell me how to get to the park?（4）当主句谓语动词是find, see, watch, hear等感官动词时，从句常简化为“宾语+宾补”结构，宾补为不带to的不定式或V-ing形式。 She found that the wallet lay/was lying on the ground. → She found the wallet lie/lying on the ground.一、单项选择1．（2023·浙江·模拟预测）—Hi, Steve. Do you know ________?—No, he didn’t say. —Well, tell him ________ to my office as soon as he gets back, will you?A．where Tom was; to visit B．where Tom has gone; to comeC．where has Tom gone; to visit D．where was Tom; to come2．（2023·浙江·模拟预测）The teacher said that she ________ us to the park the next day.A．will take B．has taken C．would take D．is taking3．（2023·云南昆明·昆明八中校考模拟预测）— I wonder ________.— Yes, many young people like it very much.A．how do Chinese people dance B．where can Chinese people danceC．how many people like Chinese dance D．whether Chinese dance is popular4．（2023·黑龙江绥化·模拟预测）— Can you tell me ________? — Never spend too much time on screens.A．how we can have healthy eyesB．why we should protect our eyesC．how can we have bright eyes5．（2023·吉林长春·长春市解放大路学校校考模拟预测）—Could you please tell me ________? —With pleasure. Wait a moment, please.A．if the scarf looked nice on me B．what is the now product likeC．how I can order a robot online D．who did you meet6．（2023·福建福州·福建省福州第十六中学校联考模拟预测）—Mum, do you know ________ an engineer?—That’s interesting. I guess you often fix things for others in your school.A．why my classmates call meB．what my classmates call meC．how my classmates call me7．（2023·安徽·统考模拟预测）—I remember _________ music was played the first time I saw my best friend.—I guess it was the music we are listening to now.A．why B．what C．when D．where8．（2023·安徽宣城·安徽省宣城市第三中学校考模拟预测）—Do you know ________ it happened? —I’m not sure. Maybe ten minutes ago.A．why B．where C．how D．when9．（2023·安徽芜湖·校联考模拟预测）—I wonder ________ you are collecting old books at school.—Because we want to give them away to children in mountainous areas.A．how B．why C．when D．whether10．（2023·海南省直辖县级单位·统考模拟预测）—Do you know ________.—In Wenchang Space Launch Center.A．when China launched (发射) the Tianzhou 6 spaceshipB．where China launched the Tianzhou 6 spaceshipC．how China launched the Tianzhou 6 spaceship11．（2023·福建福州·模拟预测）—I have two tickets for the coming concert. I wonder ________. —Yes, I’d love to.A．how we can go there togetherB．whether you can go with meC．when we should go there12．（2023·福建厦门·厦门双十中学校考模拟预测）—Can you tell me ________? —He is kind and generous. He always helps others.A．what your buddy likes B．what your buddy is like C．what does your buddy look like13．（2023·福建龙岩·统考模拟预测）During the COVID-19 epidemic, we were moved by ________.A．what did the doctors and nurses doB．what the doctors and nurses didC．what the doctors and nurses will do14．（2023·福建福州·福建省福州第一中学校考模拟预测）— Can you tell me ________?—They are more environmentally friendly because they use less energy.A．what advantage electric cars haveB．who prefers to buy the electric carsC．why do some people prefer electric cars15．（2023·重庆沙坪坝·考模拟预测）She wonders __________.A．that she can learn table manners well B．whether is it polite to eat with handsC．how we are supposed to behave at the table in Japan D．what he would do if he lives alone16．（2023·四川成都·校联考模拟预测）—I wonder ________ to use this machine. —You should read the instructions carefully.A．when B．what C．how17．（2023·福建三明·统考模拟预测）—What a new sweeping robot! Can you tell me ________?—Just the day before yesterday.A．where you bought it B．when you bought it C．how you bought it18．（2023·海南海口·海南中学校考模拟预测）—Who can tell me ________? I can’t find him. —Look! He is playing basketball with his classmates there.A．where my son is B．where my dog is C．what the boy is19．（2023·福建莆田·模拟预测）— Excuse me, could you tell me ________ ?—Of course. It’s ten minutes’ ride from here.A．where is Wuyi SquareB．how far my trip is to Zuohai ParkC．how long it will take me to the West Lake20．（2023·福建莆田·模拟预测）—Will Tony go skiing with us this Saturday?—Sorry, I don’t know if he ________. But I know he ________ interest in sports.A．will go; is B．goes; has no C．will go; has no21．（2023·四川成都·四川省成都市七中育才学校校考模拟预测）—Linda, may I know ________?—Certainly. I’m going to the countryside to visit my grandparents.A．why you will visit your grandparentsB．how you plan to spend your weekendC．who you are going to the countryside with22．（2023·重庆大渡口·统考一模）—I don’t know ________ to increase my reading speed. Could you help me?—Of course. You can read faster by reading word group.A．what B．why C．how D．where23．（2023·甘肃武威·统考模拟预测）—The light in the professor’s lab was still on at 11 o’clock. Do you know _______? —Maybe at midnight.A．how long has he worked B．why he stays up so lateC．who he will work with D．when he stopped working24．（2023·四川凉山·模拟预测）—What did your parents say to you just now? —They asked me ________.A．why did I look unhappy then B．where I will spend my summer holidayC．if I enjoyed myself at the party D．when did I attend the graduation party25．（2023·甘肃平凉·校考三模）The teacher told us that the moon ________ around the earth.A．moved B．moves C．was moving D．had moved二、语法填空（2023·广东汕头·统考一模）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后按照句子结构的语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。My parents took me to Japan when I was little. I lived there for five years. 26 I came back, my Japanese was very good. “Can I do something useful with my Japanese?” I asked myself. Then, one day last spring, I got 27 good opportunity. Everyone was afraid of SARS, so I stayed at home with 28 to do. My father bought me a Japanese book. “Why don’t you translate it into Chinese? It will be better than 29 computer games all day.”I promised to do 2,000 words each day. But later I found it was hard to keep the promise. One day in May, the weather was beautiful. But I couldn’t go out. Those 2 000 words were still 30 me. After translating only three pages, I already lost interest in the book. I looked at it for a long time. But I couldn’t make myself turn the pages. 31 I wished I could just go outside and play football with my friends!The words 32 by me again and again. I just wanted to give up. I felt as if two people were fighting 33 my mind. One said, “Don’t give up! Keep working hard, and you’ll do well!” But then the other one said, “Go and play! It will be 34 than translating. Do your work tomorrow.”I stood up and would turn off the computer. But then I remembered 35 my parents had told me,“Whatever you do, don’t stop half way.” So I sat down and went on with it.26．A．Because B．When C．Since27．A．an B．the C．a28．A．nothing B．something C．everything29．A．be played B．playing C．played30．A．waited for B．been waited for C．waiting for31．A．What B．What a C．How32．A．were counted B．counted C．are counted33．A．in B．with C．about34．A．the most interesting B．more interesting C．interesting35．A．how B．where C．what三、语法填空阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。Growing up, I was a try-hard in school. If I didn’t get straight A’s, I would be so hard on myself. I drove myself into a dark place that I was still recovering 36 .Last year was my freshman year of college. In my first semester, I drove myself into the ground and got a GPA of 3.8. In my second semester, things stopped 37 (go) my way. I was sick, mentally and emotionally. I got my first C ever. I thought geography had ruined my life, but 38 (actual), maybe that changed my life.It wasn’t until my sophomore year 39 I realized that I needed help. I always tried to hide my 40 (anxious) but it came to the point where I couldn’t pretend that I was OK anymore. 41 (admit) I needed help was the best thing that I ever did for myself.Now with all of this being said, I want to make 42 very clear that I still always give 100 percent. But things are different now. I know my limits and I understand 43 (I) more. I no longer have a(an) 44 (health) relationship with school and really I am learning more now than ever before. I am so excited to show the company that hires me everything I have to offer. I am 45 (confidence) that even though I am not a straight-A student, I have more to offer than my grades.四、补全对话（2023·吉林松原·统考模拟预测）A: Hi, Grace. Lovely weather, isn’t it?B: Yes, so cool! Let’s go to school together.A: Sure. What are you going to do after class?B: I have no idea. 46 A: I’ll have a math exam next week. I want to look for some important books and study in the library. 47 B: Sure. I’d love to. I need to return some books to the library. 48 A: Great. We can play badminton after that.B: That sounds like a good idea. 49 A: Well, that’s a good question. I haven’t played it for several weeks. 50 B: OK. Let’s make it. Oh, it’s almost 8:00. Let’s hurry.A．OK, I’d like to.B．Would you like to join me?C．What about you?D．I think I need more practice.E．Are you good at badminton?F．You used to like sports, didn’t you?G．And I can also read some magazines there.1．（2023·湖北武汉·统考中考真题）This famous saying “When I walk along with two others, they may serve me as my teachers” tells us ________.A．how should we treat people B．who we can learn fromC．what did we say in public D．why we need teachers2．（2023·山东滨州·统考中考真题）—Many students did well in this exam. I wonder ________.—Through their own efforts.A．why did they get a success B．what they learned from itC．whether they tried their best D．how they made it finally3．（2023·甘肃白银·统考中考真题）—Do you know ________?—Yes, there’s one here. It’s in the store.A．whom he is talking with B．when I can get to the hotelC．how to use the machine D．if there’s a restroom around here4．（2023·四川泸州·统考中考真题）—Do you know Liu Cixin, the writer of a famous science fiction San Ti? I wonder ________.—In June, 1963.A．when was he born B．where he was born C．when he was born D．where was he born5．（2023·天津·统考中考真题）—Do you remember ________?—Sure. On the evening of May Day.A．how we got to the Jiefang Bridge B．how did we get to the Jiefang BridgeC．when the Jiefang Bridge opened itself D．when did the Jiefang Bridge open itself6．（2023·云南·统考中考真题）—Do you know ________?—Yes, in Hangzhou, a beautiful city in Zhejiang Province.A．when will the 19th Asian Games be held B．when the 19th Asian Games will be heldC．where will the 19th Asian Games be held D．where the 19th Asian Games will be held7．（2023·江苏连云港·统考中考真题）—Sarah, do you know ________?—It’s on April 23.A．what is World Book Day B．what World Book Day isC．when is World Book Day D．when World Book Day is8．（2023·四川成都·统考中考真题）—Do you know ________ the Dragon Boat Festival is this year?—Sorry, I don’t know the exact date.A．how B．why C．when9．（2023·四川自贡·统考中考真题）—I want to know ________ you got to Zigong yesterday.—By high-speed train.A．where B．how C．when10．（2023·四川达州·统考中考真题）—Excuse me, could you please tell me ________? I want to go shopping with you.—Maybe next Saturday afternoon.when are you going to Luofu Plaza when you went to Luofu Plaza C．when you are going to Luofu Plaza11．（2023·四川凉山·统考中考真题）— Excuse me, do you know ________? The bus has just left.— Yes. The next bus will arrive in half an hour.A．how I can get to the bus stationB．if there will be another busC．how much a bus ticket costs12．（2023·江苏扬州·统考中考真题）—I’m wondering ________ at a low price.—You can book one through our official APP.A．how I can buy the air ticket B．how can I buy the air ticketC．when I can buy the air ticket D．when can I buy the air ticket13．（2023·湖南怀化·统考中考真题）—Jenny, do you know ______ ?—She is from Canada.A．where is the woman in red fromB．where the woman in red is fromC．what the woman in red likes 目录一复习目标掌握目标及备考方向二考情分析近年来宾语考情分析三网络构建知识点头脑风暴四宾语从句考向宾语从句的概说和分类宾语从句的引导词宾语从句的时态宾语从句的语序5.宾语从句的否定转移和特殊用法6.提升必考题型归纳五真题感悟宾语从句经典考题主句宾语从句Do you knowhow old Liz is? 你知道兹几岁吗?I knowhow old Liz is. 我知道莉兹几岁。I don’t knowhow old Liz is. 我不知道莉兹几岁。
►第08讲 宾语从句 （讲义）【复习目标】 1.掌握宾语从句的概说和分类2.弄清宾语从句的引导词3.掌握宾语从句的时态问题4.掌握宾语从句的语序5.会运用宾语从句的否定转移和特殊用法【考情分析】 课标要求：近几年全国各地中考对宾语从句的考查是中考必考考点之一，主要考查的是时态及宾语从句的语序，有时也会考查宾语从句的引导词。考查的主要形式是单项填空、完形填空、短文填空和完成句子。阅读理解和书面表达肯定也会考查到宾语从句。因此学生要熟练掌握宾语从句的用法。考查题型：对宾语从句的考查主要分布在改错、句子运用、完形填空、词语运用题。考查重点：1. 引导宾语从句的连词和代词选择；2. 宾语从句的语序；3. 宾语从句的时态。宾语从句解题技巧如下:1.牢记宾语从句考点的记忆口诀:宾语从句需注意,几点事项应牢记。一是关键引导词,不同句子词相异。陈述句子用that;一般疑问是否(if,whether)替;特殊问句更好办,引导还用疑问词。 二是时态常变化,主句不同从句异。主句若为现在时,从句时态应看意;主句若为过去时,从句时态应变相应过;从句若为真理时,永用一般现在时。三是语序要记清,从句永保陈述序。2.用好排除法从时态、语序、引导词三个方面综合考虑,逐个排查选项。宾语从句题型命题规律宾语从句是中考必考考点之一，主要考查的是时态及宾语从句的语序，有时也会考查宾语从句的引导词。考查的主要形式是单项填空、完形填空、短文填空和完成句子。阅读理解和书面表达肯定也会考查到宾语从句。因此学生要熟练掌握宾语从句的用法。 【网络构建】 考向一宾语从句的概说和分类概说：1.定义：在复合句中作宾语的从句是宾语从句。 I think everybody likes cookies.2. 分类：动词宾语从句 I think everybody likes cookies. 介词宾语从句 I agree with what you said just now. 形容词宾语从句 I’m afraid I can’t afford it. (sure, glad, sorry, happy, afraid)3.结构：主句+引导词+从句(陈述句语序：主+谓+其他)分类：根据引导宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可分为三类：1. 由that引导的宾语从句。that只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。He said (that) he wanted to stay at home.She doesn’t know (that) she is seriously ill.I am sure (that) he will succeed.2. 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for?He asked whose handwriting was the best.Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is?I don’t know why the train is late.3. 由if或whether引导的宾语从句。if和whether在句中的意思是＂是否＂。I want to know if (whether) he lives there.He asked me whether (if) I could help him.考向二 宾语从句的引导词that引导陈述句作宾语从句，口语中常省略。 Tell him (that) I have read the story. She told me (that) she would like to go with us.连词if/whether引导一般疑问句作宾语从句，表“是否”，从句陈述语序（主语在谓语之前），且口语中多用if。 Do you know if he will go to school tomorrow? I wonder if /whether you have told the news to Li Lei .注意：以下情况的宾语从句中，只能用whether，不能用if： 引导词与动词不定式或or not连用时 I’m not sure whether to go or to stay. He asked me whether or not I was thirsty. 当从句做介词的宾语时 We are talking about whether we'll go on the picnic. The picnic will depend on whether the weather will be fine.特殊疑问词引导特殊疑问句作宾语从句，从句同样是陈述语序。 He didn’t know when he would leave for shanghai. Could you tell me what is wrong with you? that引导的宾语从句that 是宾语从句的一个引导词，放在主句和从句之间。它引导的宾语从句由陈述句转化而来，故从句的语序不变。在that 引导的宾语从句中，that 作连接代词，无意义，在句中不作任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中通常可以省略。一、that 引导的宾语从句的用法1. 位置：that 引导的宾语从句通常放在主句谓语动词（及物动词）、介词或形容词之后。 = 1 \* GB3 ①作及物动词，如：say，think，tell，know，hear，see，hope，wish，remember，forget等的宾语。如： She says that she will help me learn English this evening.她说今天晚上她会帮我学英语。 = 2 \* GB3 ②作介词的宾语：连词that引导的名词性从句很少作介词的宾语，只用在except，but，in之后。如：He is a good boy except that he is careless. 他是一个好男孩，只是有点儿粗心。 = 3 \* GB3 ③作＂be + 形容词＂结构的宾语。某些形容词或过去分词后常接宾语从句，如：sure，glad，certain，pleased，sorry，happy，afraid等，连词that可省略。如：I’m happy (that) I passed the exam. 我很高兴我通过了考试。2. 时态：主句的谓语动词是一般现在时，从句的谓语动词可根据具体情况选用适当的时态；主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，从句中也必须用过去的某种时态。试比较： He says that he wants to see him as soon as possible. 他说他想尽快见到他。 He said that he wanted to see him as soon as possible. 他说他想尽快见到他。 【特别提醒】 当主句是一般过去时，而宾语从句的内容表示的是客观真理、事实、科学原理、自然现象、名言警句、格言、谚语等时，此时宾语从句用一般现在时，这些情况下不受主句时态的限制。如：The teacher told us that the earth goes round the sun. 老师告诉我们地球围绕着太阳转。 3. 引导词that可以省略的几种情况：引导宾语从句的连词that通常可以省略：She said (that) she would come to the meeting. 她说过要来开会的。I promise you (that) I will be there. 我答应你我会去的。I hoped (that) I would / should succeed. 我曾希望我会成功。He thinks (that) they will give him a visa. 他想他们会给他签证。He thought (that) they would give him a visa. 他本想他们会给他签证。I expect (that) the plane will be diverted. 我料想飞机会改变航线。【注意】有时为了强调，that引导的宾语从句可位于句首，此时that不可省略：That she is a good girl I know. 她是一个好姑娘，我是知道的。4. 引导词that不能省略的几种情况：that在引导宾语从句时，并不是在任何情况下都可以省略，在以下几种情况下，that不能省略。 = 1 \* GB3 ①从句的主语是that时，that不能省略；We know that is an interesting film. 我们知道那是一部有趣的电影。 = 2 \* GB3 ②and连接的两个表示陈述意义的宾语从句并列时，有时省去第一个从句的连词that，但第二个从句的连词that一般不可以省略。如：He told me (that) they could not decide what to do and that they asked my advice. 他告诉我他们决定不了去做什么并且问了我的意见。 = 3 \* GB3 ③that引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时，that不能省略。如：I know nothing about him except that he is from the south. 对他我一无所知，只知道他是南方人。5. 如果宾语从句后还有宾语补足语，则用it作形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置。如：We thought it strange that Xiao Zhang did not come yesterday. 小张昨天没来，我们觉得很奇怪。6. 宾语从句的否定转移。在think，believe，suppose，expect等动词后的宾语从句，当主句的主语是第一人称时，谓语尽管是否定的意思，却不用否定形式，而将think等动词变为否定形式，英语称这种现象为否定转移。如： = 1 \* GB3 ①我认为今晚他不能来。【误】I think he can’t come this evening.【正】I don’t think he can come this evening. = 2 \* GB3 ②他认为我们现在不在教室里。【误】He doesn’t think we are in the classroom now.【正】He thinks we are not in the classroom now.【特别警示】含有＂否定转移＂现象的句子，主句的主语必须是第一人称，此时，变成反意疑问句，附加问句要由从句来决定；如果主句的主语是其他人称，附加问句要由主句来决定。如：I don’t think he is right, is he? 我认为他不对，是吗？He thinks I can come, doesn’t he? 他认为我能来，是不是？7. 如果宾语从句中含有否定意义的副词或形容词。如：hardly，never，seldom，no，few，little等，其反意疑问句要用肯定形式。如：We find that he seldom goes to visit his mother, does he? 我们发现他不常看望他的妈妈，是吗？8. that引导的宾语从句变成被动语态时，只变主句，不变从句。实际上，我们经常把It is said that ...（据说……）；It is known that ...（众所周知……）；It is reported that ...（据报告……）等当作固定句式来运用。如：It is said that he is from Canada. 据说他来自加拿大。疑问词引导的宾语从句特殊疑问句作宾语从句时，由疑问词 when, who, what, where, whatever, how，which, why等引导。宾语从句的词序一律用陈述句的词序，即＂主语+谓语＂词序。①带有系动词be（is，am，are，was,were)的特殊疑问句。宾语从句＂how old Liz is＂是主句动词know的宾语。how在从句中作副词。注意从句的顺序，主语在动词前（Liz is)。②带有（情态）助动词is/am/are/have/has/can/should等的特殊疑问句When is Ann going to lran? 安什么时候去伊朗？→ Do you know when Ann is going to lran? 你知道安什么时候去伊朗吗？→ I don’t know when Ann is going to lran. 我不知道安什么时候去伊朗。What should I do? 我该怎么办？→ Can you tell me what I should do? 你能告诉我，我该怎么办吗？→ Please tell me what I should do. 请告诉我，我该怎么办。Where has Ron gone? 朗去了哪里？→ Do you know where Ron has gone? 你知道朗去了哪里吗？→ I don’t know where Ron has gone. 我不知道朗去了哪里。③带有助动词do/does/did的特殊疑问句。Where did I put my wedding ring? 我把我的结婚戒指放在哪里了？→ Do you know where I put my wedding ring? 你知道我把我的结婚戒指放在哪里了吗？→ I don’t remember where I put my wedding ring. 我不记得我把我的结婚戒指放在哪里了。What does Sue think about Lulu? 苏对露露的看法是什么？→ Do you know what Sue thinks about Lulu? 你知道苏对露露的看法是什么吗？→ I know what Sue thinks about Lulu. 我知道苏对露露的看法是什么。注意：（1）由于宾语从句要求陈述句语序，故而在从句中它变成了陈述语序。请看下列两组句子：How much does this coat cost? → I want to know how much this coat costs. Where did you go yesterday? → Please tell me where you went yesterday. （2）当疑问代词what、who在特殊疑问句中作主语时，该特殊疑问句本身就是陈述句语序，所以当该句用来作宾语时，语序不需要调整。 What’s wrong with you? 怎么了？ → He asked the girl what was wrong with her.What’s the matter? 怎么了？→ He asked the girl what was the matter. What has happened to him?→ We want to know what has happened to him. if/whether引导的宾语从句当从句部分是一般疑问句或选择疑问句时，常用if或whether引导宾语从句，if/whether意为＂是否＂。说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚。常用在see，ask，say，learn，tell，wonder，doubt，find out，be uncertain /doubtful / be not known 等后，二者通常可以互换。口语中多用if代替whether。在非正式的写作中，可以使用if 或 whether 两个词来表达不定性，两者都算标准。I wonder if/whether he is a driver. 我想知道他是不是个司机。Alice wants to know if/whether she has passed the exam. 爱丽丝想知道她是否考试及格了。Lily asked if/whether she liked it. 莉莉问她是否喜欢它。 I want to know if (whether) he lives there. 我想知道他是否住在这儿。 He asked me whether (if) I could help him. 他问我是否可以帮助他。【拓展】一般情况下，if和whether可互换，在口语中多用if， 而在以下几种情况下，只能用whether。1. 与 or 连用分别引导两个从句时，或强调两方面的选择, 特别是句中有or not时用whether，不用if。I don’t know whether or not they will come. 我不知道他们是否会来。I don’t know whether he is wrong or she is wrong. Let me know whether you can come or not.I don’t know whether he will win or not. I will write to you whether or not I can come / whether I can come or not.2. 在动词不定式之前只能用whether。He doesn’t know whether to go or not. 他不知道是否会去。Please tell us whether to go there or stay here. 请告诉我们是去那里还是待在这里。 Whether to go or stay is still a question. I’m not sure whether to stay or leave. I didn’t know whether to laugh or to cry.3. 在介词之后只能用whether引导宾语从句，而If则不能。It depends on whether I have enough time. 那取决于我是否有足够的时间。Success depends on whether we make enough effort. I haven’t settled the question of whether I’ll go back home. It depends on whether the letter arrives in time.I worry about whether I hurt her feelings.4. 宾语从句置于句首表示强调时，用whether，不用if。Whether this is true, I can’t say. Whether he is single, I don’t know.Whether this is true, I can’t say. Whether he is single, I don’t know.5. 在某些动词（如discuss，decide）之后，只能用whether，而不用if引导宾语从句。We discussed whether we should close the shop. （虚拟语气） We discussed whether we should go there by plane.（虚拟语气） We discussed whether we should hold a meeting. （虚拟语气） 6. 在引导否定概念宾语从句时，只能用if，而不用whether。He asked me if I hadn’t finished my work. 注意：doubt否定句用that引导。因为don’t doubt 意为相信，不怀疑，if是否表示疑虑。考向三 宾语从句的时态如果主句是现在的某种时态（包括一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时），那么宾语从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。I remember he gave me a book yesterday. He has told me that he’ll leave for New York tomorrow. I don’t think (that) you are right.Please tell us where he is.Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station?如果主句是过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时、过去进行时），那么宾语从句一定要用过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时）。He told me that he would take part in the high jump. He asked what time it was.He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet.He asked if you had written to Peter.He said that he would go back to the US soon.3. 如果宾语从句表示的是客观事实或真理，即使主句是过去时，从句也用一般现在时态。Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year.Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun.He told me that the earth is round. 考向四 宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序，即按照主语、谓语的顺序。1. 陈述句变为宾语从句，语序不变，即仍用陈述语序。He is an honest boy. The teacher said. → The teacher said(that) he was an honest boy.2. 一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句，语序变为陈述语序。Does he work hard? I wonder. → I wonder if/whether he works hard.考向五 宾语从句的否定转移和特殊用法1.宾语从句的否定前置think , believe , suppose, consider, imagine等动词后的宾语从句如果是否定句，一般要将否定词not转移至主句谓语上，而将从句谓语改为肯定形式。否定前置的前提是：主句主语是第一人称，时态为一般现在时。I think. + He has no time to play with the girl. → I don’t think he has time to play with the girl. She thinks. + She can’t arrive here on time. → She thinks she can’t arrive here on time. 2.宾语从句变反意疑问句在由宾语从句作为陈述部分的反意疑问句中，“动词/主语看从句，肯定否定看主句”。此类宾语从句常用动词有think, believe, suppose, consider等。I thought it was late, wasn’t it?I don't think he will come, will he？3.宾语从句的转化 （1）当主句谓语动词是hope, wish, decide, forget, plan, agree等，且主句与从句主语相同时，从句可简化为不定式结构（动词+to do）。She agreed that she could help me with my maths. → She agreed to help me with my maths. （2）当主句谓语动词是know, learn, forget, remember, decide等后面带特殊疑问句转化的宾语，且主句与从句主语相同时，从句可以简化成“疑问词+不定式结构”。I don't know which sweater I should buy. → I don't know which sweater to buy. （3）当主句谓语动词是ask, tell, show, teach，宾语从句由代词/副词引导，从句主语与主句主语或间接宾语一致时，从句可简化为“连接代词/副词+不定式”结构。Could you tell me how I can get to the park? → Could you tell me how to get to the park?（4）当主句谓语动词是find, see, watch, hear等感官动词时，从句常简化为“宾语+宾补”结构，宾补为不带to的不定式或V-ing形式。 She found that the wallet lay/was lying on the ground. → She found the wallet lie/lying on the ground.一、单项选择1．（2023·浙江·模拟预测）—Hi, Steve. Do you know ________?—No, he didn’t say. —Well, tell him ________ to my office as soon as he gets back, will you?A．where Tom was; to visit B．where Tom has gone; to comeC．where has Tom gone; to visit D．where was Tom; to come2．（2023·浙江·模拟预测）The teacher said that she ________ us to the park the next day.A．will take B．has taken C．would take D．is taking3．（2023·云南昆明·昆明八中校考模拟预测）— I wonder ________.— Yes, many young people like it very much.A．how do Chinese people dance B．where can Chinese people danceC．how many people like Chinese dance D．whether Chinese dance is popular4．（2023·黑龙江绥化·模拟预测）— Can you tell me ________? — Never spend too much time on screens.A．how we can have healthy eyesB．why we should protect our eyesC．how can we have bright eyes5．（2023·吉林长春·长春市解放大路学校校考模拟预测）—Could you please tell me ________? —With pleasure. Wait a moment, please.A．if the scarf looked nice on me B．what is the now product likeC．how I can order a robot online D．who did you meet6．（2023·福建福州·福建省福州第十六中学校联考模拟预测）—Mum, do you know ________ an engineer?—That’s interesting. I guess you often fix things for others in your school.A．why my classmates call meB．what my classmates call meC．how my classmates call me7．（2023·安徽·统考模拟预测）—I remember _________ music was played the first time I saw my best friend.—I guess it was the music we are listening to now.A．why B．what C．when D．where8．（2023·安徽宣城·安徽省宣城市第三中学校考模拟预测）—Do you know ________ it happened? —I’m not sure. Maybe ten minutes ago.A．why B．where C．how D．when9．（2023·安徽芜湖·校联考模拟预测）—I wonder ________ you are collecting old books at school.—Because we want to give them away to children in mountainous areas.A．how B．why C．when D．whether10．（2023·海南省直辖县级单位·统考模拟预测）—Do you know ________.—In Wenchang Space Launch Center.A．when China launched (发射) the Tianzhou 6 spaceshipB．where China launched the Tianzhou 6 spaceshipC．how China launched the Tianzhou 6 spaceship11．（2023·福建福州·模拟预测）—I have two tickets for the coming concert. I wonder ________. —Yes, I’d love to.A．how we can go there togetherB．whether you can go with meC．when we should go there12．（2023·福建厦门·厦门双十中学校考模拟预测）—Can you tell me ________? —He is kind and generous. He always helps others.A．what your buddy likes B．what your buddy is like C．what does your buddy look like13．（2023·福建龙岩·统考模拟预测）During the COVID-19 epidemic, we were moved by ________.A．what did the doctors and nurses doB．what the doctors and nurses didC．what the doctors and nurses will do14．（2023·福建福州·福建省福州第一中学校考模拟预测）— Can you tell me ________?—They are more environmentally friendly because they use less energy.A．what advantage electric cars haveB．who prefers to buy the electric carsC．why do some people prefer electric cars15．（2023·重庆沙坪坝·考模拟预测）She wonders __________.A．that she can learn table manners well B．whether is it polite to eat with handsC．how we are supposed to behave at the table in Japan D．what he would do if he lives alone16．（2023·四川成都·校联考模拟预测）—I wonder ________ to use this machine. —You should read the instructions carefully.A．when B．what C．how17．（2023·福建三明·统考模拟预测）—What a new sweeping robot! Can you tell me ________?—Just the day before yesterday.A．where you bought it B．when you bought it C．how you bought it18．（2023·海南海口·海南中学校考模拟预测）—Who can tell me ________? I can’t find him. —Look! He is playing basketball with his classmates there.A．where my son is B．where my dog is C．what the boy is19．（2023·福建莆田·模拟预测）— Excuse me, could you tell me ________ ?—Of course. It’s ten minutes’ ride from here.A．where is Wuyi SquareB．how far my trip is to Zuohai ParkC．how long it will take me to the West Lake20．（2023·福建莆田·模拟预测）—Will Tony go skiing with us this Saturday?—Sorry, I don’t know if he ________. But I know he ________ interest in sports.A．will go; is B．goes; has no C．will go; has no21．（2023·四川成都·四川省成都市七中育才学校校考模拟预测）—Linda, may I know ________?—Certainly. I’m going to the countryside to visit my grandparents.A．why you will visit your grandparentsB．how you plan to spend your weekendC．who you are going to the countryside with22．（2023·重庆大渡口·统考一模）—I don’t know ________ to increase my reading speed. Could you help me?—Of course. You can read faster by reading word group.A．what B．why C．how D．where23．（2023·甘肃武威·统考模拟预测）—The light in the professor’s lab was still on at 11 o’clock. Do you know _______? —Maybe at midnight.A．how long has he worked B．why he stays up so lateC．who he will work with D．when he stopped working24．（2023·四川凉山·模拟预测）—What did your parents say to you just now? —They asked me ________.A．why did I look unhappy then B．where I will spend my summer holidayC．if I enjoyed myself at the party D．when did I attend the graduation party25．（2023·甘肃平凉·校考三模）The teacher told us that the moon ________ around the earth.A．moved B．moves C．was moving D．had moved二、语法填空（2023·广东汕头·统考一模）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后按照句子结构的语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。My parents took me to Japan when I was little. I lived there for five years. 26 I came back, my Japanese was very good. “Can I do something useful with my Japanese?” I asked myself. Then, one day last spring, I got 27 good opportunity. Everyone was afraid of SARS, so I stayed at home with 28 to do. My father bought me a Japanese book. “Why don’t you translate it into Chinese? It will be better than 29 computer games all day.”I promised to do 2,000 words each day. But later I found it was hard to keep the promise. One day in May, the weather was beautiful. But I couldn’t go out. Those 2 000 words were still 30 me. After translating only three pages, I already lost interest in the book. I looked at it for a long time. But I couldn’t make myself turn the pages. 31 I wished I could just go outside and play football with my friends!The words 32 by me again and again. I just wanted to give up. I felt as if two people were fighting 33 my mind. One said, “Don’t give up! Keep working hard, and you’ll do well!” But then the other one said, “Go and play! It will be 34 than translating. Do your work tomorrow.”I stood up and would turn off the computer. But then I remembered 35 my parents had told me,“Whatever you do, don’t stop half way.” So I sat down and went on with it.26．A．Because B．When C．Since27．A．an B．the C．a28．A．nothing B．something C．everything29．A．be played B．playing C．played30．A．waited for B．been waited for C．waiting for31．A．What B．What a C．How32．A．were counted B．counted C．are counted33．A．in B．with C．about34．A．the most interesting B．more interesting C．interesting35．A．how B．where C．what三、语法填空阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。Growing up, I was a try-hard in school. If I didn’t get straight A’s, I would be so hard on myself. I drove myself into a dark place that I was still recovering 36 .Last year was my freshman year of college. In my first semester, I drove myself into the ground and got a GPA of 3.8. In my second semester, things stopped 37 (go) my way. I was sick, mentally and emotionally. I got my first C ever. I thought geography had ruined my life, but 38 (actual), maybe that changed my life.It wasn’t until my sophomore year 39 I realized that I needed help. I always tried to hide my 40 (anxious) but it came to the point where I couldn’t pretend that I was OK anymore. 41 (admit) I needed help was the best thing that I ever did for myself.Now with all of this being said, I want to make 42 very clear that I still always give 100 percent. But things are different now. I know my limits and I understand 43 (I) more. I no longer have a(an) 44 (health) relationship with school and really I am learning more now than ever before. I am so excited to show the company that hires me everything I have to offer. I am 45 (confidence) that even though I am not a straight-A student, I have more to offer than my grades.四、补全对话（2023·吉林松原·统考模拟预测）A: Hi, Grace. Lovely weather, isn’t it?B: Yes, so cool! Let’s go to school together.A: Sure. What are you going to do after class?B: I have no idea. 46 A: I’ll have a math exam next week. I want to look for some important books and study in the library. 47 B: Sure. I’d love to. I need to return some books to the library. 48 A: Great. We can play badminton after that.B: That sounds like a good idea. 49 A: Well, that’s a good question. I haven’t played it for several weeks. 50 B: OK. Let’s make it. Oh, it’s almost 8:00. Let’s hurry.A．OK, I’d like to.B．Would you like to join me?C．What about you?D．I think I need more practice.E．Are you good at badminton?F．You used to like sports, didn’t you?G．And I can also read some magazines there.1．（2023·湖北武汉·统考中考真题）This famous saying “When I walk along with two others, they may serve me as my teachers” tells us ________.A．how should we treat people B．who we can learn fromC．what did we say in public D．why we need teachers2．（2023·山东滨州·统考中考真题）—Many students did well in this exam. I wonder ________.—Through their own efforts.A．why did they get a success B．what they learned from itC．whether they tried their best D．how they made it finally3．（2023·甘肃白银·统考中考真题）—Do you know ________?—Yes, there’s one here. It’s in the store.A．whom he is talking with B．when I can get to the hotelC．how to use the machine D．if there’s a restroom around here4．（2023·四川泸州·统考中考真题）—Do you know Liu Cixin, the writer of a famous science fiction San Ti? I wonder ________.—In June, 1963.A．when was he born B．where he was born C．when he was born D．where was he born5．（2023·天津·统考中考真题）—Do you remember ________?—Sure. On the evening of May Day.A．how we got to the Jiefang Bridge B．how did we get to the Jiefang BridgeC．when the Jiefang Bridge opened itself D．when did the Jiefang Bridge open itself6．（2023·云南·统考中考真题）—Do you know ________?—Yes, in Hangzhou, a beautiful city in Zhejiang Province.A．when will the 19th Asian Games be held B．when the 19th Asian Games will be heldC．where will the 19th Asian Games be held D．where the 19th Asian Games will be held7．（2023·江苏连云港·统考中考真题）—Sarah, do you know ________?—It’s on April 23.A．what is World Book Day B．what World Book Day isC．when is World Book Day D．when World Book Day is8．（2023·四川成都·统考中考真题）—Do you know ________ the Dragon Boat Festival is this year?—Sorry, I don’t know the exact date.A．how B．why C．when9．（2023·四川自贡·统考中考真题）—I want to know ________ you got to Zigong yesterday.—By high-speed train.A．where B．how C．when10．（2023·四川达州·统考中考真题）—Excuse me, could you please tell me ________? I want to go shopping with you.—Maybe next Saturday afternoon.when are you going to Luofu Plaza when you went to Luofu Plaza C．when you are going to Luofu Plaza11．（2023·四川凉山·统考中考真题）— Excuse me, do you know ________? The bus has just left.— Yes. The next bus will arrive in half an hour.A．how I can get to the bus stationB．if there will be another busC．how much a bus ticket costs12．（2023·江苏扬州·统考中考真题）—I’m wondering ________ at a low price.—You can book one through our official APP.A．how I can buy the air ticket B．how can I buy the air ticketC．when I can buy the air ticket D．when can I buy the air ticket13．（2023·湖南怀化·统考中考真题）—Jenny, do you know ______ ?—She is from Canada.A．where is the woman in red fromB．where the woman in red is fromC．what the woman in red likes 目录一复习目标掌握目标及备考方向二考情分析近年来宾语考情分析三网络构建知识点头脑风暴四宾语从句考向宾语从句的概说和分类宾语从句的引导词宾语从句的时态宾语从句的语序5.宾语从句的否定转移和特殊用法6.提升必考题型归纳五真题感悟宾语从句经典考题主句宾语从句Do you knowhow old Liz is? 你知道兹几岁吗?I knowhow old Liz is. 我知道莉兹几岁。I don’t knowhow old Liz is. 我不知道莉兹几岁。
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